Communication

370 relations: Abū Ja'far al-Khāzin, Abū-Sa'īd Abul-Khayr, Abbas Chamanyan, Abbas I of Persia, Abbas Vaez-Tabasi, Abbasid Caliphate, Abdi Behravanfar, Abdolhossein Teymourtash, Abdolreza Rahmani Fazli, Abolghasem Khazali, Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei, Abu al-Wafa' Buzjani, Abu Muslim, Abu'l-Fadl Bayhaqi, Abu-Mansur Daqiqi, Achaemenid Empire, Adil Shah, Afghanistan, Afsharid dynasty, Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar, AH1, AH78, Ahmad Alamolhoda, Ahmad Ghazali, Akhlamad-e Olya, Akhund Khorasani, Al-Ghazali, Al-Hurr al-Aamili, Al-Ma'mun, Alchemy and chemistry in medieval Islam, Ali al-Ridha, Ali al-Sistani, Ali Baghbanbashi, Ali Jannati, Ali Khamenei, Ali-Akbar Fayyaz, Alireza Vahedi Nikbakht, Allahdad, American University, Amir Ghaseminejad, Amir Reza Khadem, Amir Tavakkolian, Amirteymour Kalali, Amu Darya, Anousheh Ansari, Anoushirvan Arjmand, Ansari X Prize, Anvari, Arabic, Arabs in Khorasan, ..., Asadi Tusi, Ashgabat, Ashura, Assembly of Experts, Association football, Astan Quds Razavi, Astan Quds Razavi Central Museum, Astrology in medieval Islam, Astronomy in the medieval Islamic world, Autonomous Government of Khorasan, Azadegan League, Azerbaijan, Ürümqi, Bakhsh, Baloch people, Bandar Torkaman, Basij, Basketball, Bazaar, Behistun Inscription, Binalud Mountains, Birjand, Bojnord, Bonyad, Bulgarians, Business magnate, Businessperson, Cabinet of Iran, Caliphate, Capital city, Capitals of Persia, Car, Caspian Sea, Central District (Mashhad County), Central Library of Astan Quds Razavi, Chain murders of Iran, Chairman, Chemical substance, Chief executive officer, China, Church (building), Clothing, Counties of Iran, County, Culture minister, Darius I, Dariush Arjmand, Dariush Borbor, Darya Dadvar, Disc jockey, Dubfire, Early Islamic philosophy, Ebrahim Afshar, Ebrahim Raisi, Engineer, Engineering, Entrepreneurship, Farhad Zarif, Fariman, Farsh Ara Mashhad FSC, Ferdosi Mashhad FSC, Ferdowsi, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Film, Film director, Financial Times, Firefighter, Foundation of Martyrs and Veterans Affairs, Free verse, Freestyle wrestling, Front of Islamic Revolution Stability, Futsal, Georgians, Ghodrat Bahadori, Goharshad Begum, Goharshad Mosque, Gorgan, Greater Khorasan, Hadi Khamenei, Hamed Afagh, Hamed Behdad, Hamid Motebassem, Hamid Reza Mobarrez, Handicraft, Harun al-Rashid, Haruniyeh, Hassan Firouzabadi, Hassan Ghazizadeh Hashemi, Hassan Rahimpour Azghadi, Hassan Rouhani, Hazaras, Herat, Heshmat Mohajerani, Hezar Masjed Mountains, Hichkas, Hojjatieh, Homa Hotel Group, Homayoun Shajarian, Hossein Badamaki, Hossein Sabet, Hossein Tayyebi, Hossein Vahid Khorasani, Hotel, House music, Humayd ibn Qahtaba, Husayn ibn Ali, Hypermarket, Ibn Battuta, Imam Reza shrine, Imamah (Shia), India, Iran, Iran Darroudi, Iran Standard Time, Iranian Americans, Iranian Basketball Super League, Iranian cuisine, Iranian Futsal Super League, Iranian Premier Wrestling League, Iranian Volleyball Super League, Iraq, Isfahan, Islamic art, Islamic City Council of 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Abū Ja'far al-Khāzin

Abu Jafar Muhammad ibn Hasan Khazini (900–971), also called Al-Khazin, was an Iranian Muslim astronomer and mathematician from Khorasan.

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Abū-Sa'īd Abul-Khayr

Abusa'id Abolkhayr or Abū-Sa'īd Abul-Khayr (ابوسعید ابوالخیر) (December 7, 967 - January 12, 1049), also known as Sheikh Abusaeid or Abu Sa'eed, was a famous Persian Sufi and poet who contributed extensively to the evolution of Sufi tradition.

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Abbas Chamanyan

Abbas Chamanian (born May 10, 1963) is an Iranian football coach who is AFC certified and currently head coach of Iran national under-17 football team.

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Abbas I of Persia

Shāh Abbās the Great or Shāh Abbās I of Persia (شاه عباس بزرگ; 27 January 157119 January 1629) was the 5th Safavid Shah (king) of Iran, and is generally considered the strongest ruler of the Safavid dynasty.

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Abbas Vaez-Tabasi

Abbas Vaez Tabasi (عباس واعظ طبسی; 25 June 1935 – 4 March 2016) was an influential Iranian cleric who held memberships at different institutions.

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Abbasid Caliphate

The Abbasid Caliphate (or ٱلْخِلافَةُ ٱلْعَبَّاسِيَّة) was the third of the Islamic caliphates to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

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Abdi Behravanfar

Abdi Behravanfar (Persian: عبدی بهروانفر, born June 1975) is an Iranian Singer, guitar player and singer-songwriter.

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Abdolhossein Teymourtash

Abdolhossein Teymūrtāsh (عبدالحسین تیمورتاش; 1883–1933) was an influential Iranian statesman who served as the first Minister of Court of the Pahlavi Dynasty from 1925 to 1932, and is credited with playing a crucial role in laying the foundations of modern Iran in the 20th century.

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Abdolreza Rahmani Fazli

Abdolreza Rahmani Fazli (عبدالرضا رحمانی فضلی; born 1959) is an Iranian conservative politician and interior minister of Hassan Rouhani's government.

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Abolghasem Khazali

Ayatollah Abolghasem Khazali Boroujerdi (ابولقاسم خزعلی بروجردی, 21 March 1925 – 16 September 2015) was a hardline Iranian politician, fundamentalist Shi'i cleric and a founding member of Haghani school with close ties with Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and Saeed Jalili.

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Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei

Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei (أبو القاسم الخوئي; سید ابوالقاسم خوئی) (November 19, 1899 – August 8, 1992) was an Iranian Shia cleric and one of the most influential Twelver Shia Islamic scholars (marja'), and the predecessor to Ali al-Sistani.

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Abu al-Wafa' Buzjani

Abū al-Wafāʾ, Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn Yaḥyā ibn Ismāʿīl ibn al-ʿAbbās al-Būzjānī or Abū al-Wafā Būzhjānī (ابوالوفا بوزجانی or بوژگانی) (10 June 940 – 15 July 998) was a Persian mathematician and astronomer who worked in Baghdad.

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Abu Muslim

Abu Muslim Abd al-Rahman ibn Muslim al-Khorasani or al-Khurasani (أبو مسلم عبد الرحمن بن مسلم الخراساني born 718-19 or 723-27, died in 755), born Behzādān Pūr-i Vandād Hormoz (بهزادان پور ونداد هرمزد), was a Persian general in service of the Abbasid dynasty, who led the Abbasid Revolution that toppled the Umayyad dynasty.

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Abu'l-Fadl Bayhaqi

Abu’l-Fadl Muḥammad ibn Ḥusayn Bayhaqī (ابوالفضل محمد بن حسین بیهقی; died September 21, 1077), better known as Abu'l-Fadl Bayhaqi (ابوالفضل بیهقی; also spelled Beyhaqi), was a Persian secretary, historian and author.

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Abu-Mansur Daqiqi

Abu Mansur Muhammad Ibn Ahmad Daqiqi Tusi (935/942-976/980:Sources vary, treat all dates as estimates. ابو منصور محمد بن احمد دقیقی), sometimes referred to as Daqiqi (also Dakiki, Daghighi, دقیقی), was an early Persian poet who is said to have been born in Tus in Iran; or in Balkh, located in modern-day Afghanistan; as well as in Samarqand or Bukhara, both in today's Uzbekistan and Marv in today's Turkmenistan.

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Achaemenid Empire

The Achaemenid Empire, also called the First Persian Empire, was an empire based in Western Asia, founded by Cyrus the Great.

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Adil Shah

Adil or Adel Shah Afshar, born ʿAlī-qolī Khan (Modern Persian: عادل شاه افشار) (died 1749) was the Afsharid Shah of Iran from 1747 to 1748, a nephew and successor of Nader Shah, the founder of the Afsharid dynasty.

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Afghanistan

Afghanistan (Pashto/Dari:, Pashto: Afġānistān, Dari: Afġānestān), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located within South Asia and Central Asia.

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Afsharid dynasty

The Afsharid dynasty (افشاریان) were members of an Iranian dynasty that originated from the Turkic Afshar tribe in Iran's north-eastern province of Khorasan, ruling Persia in the mid-eighteenth century.

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Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar

Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar (translit; 14 March 1742 – 17 June 1797), also known by his regnal name of Agha Mohammad Shah (آقا محمد شاه), was the founder of the Qajar dynasty of Iran, ruling from 1789 to 1797 as king (shah).

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AH1

Asian Highway 1 (AH1) is the longest route of the Asian Highway Network, running from Tokyo, Japan via Korea, China, Southeast Asia, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iran to the border between Turkey and Bulgaria west of Istanbul where it joins end-on with European route E80.

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AH78

Asian Highway 78 (AH78) is a road in the Asian Highway Network running 1110 km (690 miles) from Ashgabat, Turkmenistan to Kerman, Iran.

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Ahmad Alamolhoda

Sayyid Ahmad Alamolhoda (also Alam Olhoda or Alam al-Hoda; احمد علم‌الهدی) is an Iranian Shia Islamic cleric who has been described as "senior" and "conservative" and "hardline." His rank has been given both as Hojjatoleslam and Ayatollah.

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Ahmad Ghazali

Ahmad Ghazālī (احمد غزالی; full name Majd al-Dīn Abū al-Fotuḥ Aḥmad Ghazālī) was a Persian mystic, writer, and eloquent preacher (c. 1061–1123 or 1126).

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Akhlamad-e Olya

Akhlamad-e Olya (اخلمدعليا, also Romanized as Akhlamad-e-’Olyā; also known as Akhlamad, Akhlamad-e Bāla, and Akhlūmad) is a village in Chenaran Rural District, in the Central District of Chenaran County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran.

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Akhund Khorasani

Mohammad Kazem Khorasani or Akhund-e Khorasani (محمد کاظم خراسانی, (1839-1911)) was Twelver Shi'a Marja, politician, philosopher, reformer.

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Al-Ghazali

Al-Ghazali (full name Abū Ḥāmid Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Ghazālī أبو حامد محمد بن محمد الغزالي; latinized Algazelus or Algazel, – 19 December 1111) was one of the most prominent and influential philosophers, theologians, jurists, and mysticsLudwig W. Adamec (2009), Historical Dictionary of Islam, p.109.

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Al-Hurr al-Aamili

Muhammad bin al-Ḥasan b. Ali b. al-Ḥusayn al-ʿĀmili al-Mashghari (محمد بن الحسن بن علي بن الحسين العاملي المشغري), commonly known as Al-Ḥurr Al-ʿĀmili (الحر العاملي) (1033/1624 - 1104/1693), was a muhaddith and a prominent Twelver Shi’a scholar.

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Al-Ma'mun

Abu al-Abbas al-Maʾmūn ibn Hārūn al-Rashīd (أبو العباس المأمون; September 786 – 9 August 833) was the seventh Abbasid caliph, who reigned from 813 until his death in 833.

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Alchemy and chemistry in medieval Islam

Alchemy and chemistry in Islam refers to the study of both traditional alchemy and early practical chemistry (the early chemical investigation of nature in general) by scholars in the medieval Islamic world.

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Ali al-Ridha

'Alī ibn Mūsā ar-Riḍā (علي ابن موسى الرّضا), also called Abu al-Hasan, Ali al-Reza (29 December 765 – 23 August 818) or in Iran (Persia) as Imam Reza (امام رضا), was a descendant of the Prophet Muhammad and the eighth Shi'ite Imam, after his father Musa al-Kadhim, and before his son Muhammad al-Jawad.

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Ali al-Sistani

Al-Sayyid Ali al-Husseini al-Sistani (السيد علي الحسيني السيستاني), or Sayyed Ali Hosseini Sistani (سید علی حسینی سیستانی), commonly known as Ayatollah Sistani in the Western world (born August 4, 1930 in Mashhad), is an Iranian Shia marja in Iraq and the head of many of the seminaries (Hawzahs) in Najaf.

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Ali Baghbanbashi

Ali Baghbanbashi (علی باغبان‌‌باشی, born 6 September 1924) is an Iranian former long-distance runner who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics and in the 1956 Summer Olympics, and also in the 1951 Asian Games and 1958 Asian Games.

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Ali Jannati

Ali Jannati (علی جنتی, born 1949) is an Iranian politician and former diplomat who is currently serving as the head of Iranian presidential administration since January 7, 2018.

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Ali Khamenei

Sayyid Ali Hosseini Khamenei (سید علی حسینی خامنه‌ای,; born 17 July 1939) is a ''marja'' and the second and current Supreme Leader of Iran, in office since 1989.

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Ali-Akbar Fayyaz

Ali-Akbar Fayyaz (علی‌اکبر فیاض) (1898–1971, born in Mashhad) was a distinguished professor of Islamic heresiography and Persian language and literature at Tehran University and the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad.

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Alireza Vahedi Nikbakht

Alireza Vahedi Nikbakht (علیرضا واحدی نیکبخت, born 30 June 1980 in Mashhad) is an Iranian professional football player who last played for Khoneh Be Khoneh in League 2.

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Allahdad

The Allahdad was an 1839 violent riot and forced conversion against the Jews of Mashhad, Khorasan, Qajar Iran.

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American University

The American University (AU or American) is a private United Methodist-affiliated research university in Washington, D.C., United States.

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Amir Ghaseminejad

Amir Ghaseminejad (امیر قاسمی نژاد, born in 1983 in Mashhad) is an Iranian judoka.

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Amir Reza Khadem

Amir Reza Khadem Azghadi (امیررضا خادم ازغدی, born February 10, 1970 in Mashhad) is an Iranian wrestler who won Olympic bronze medals in 1992 and 1996.

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Amir Tavakkolian

Amir Tavakkolian (امیر توکلیان., born 7 September 1971 in Mashhad) is an Iranian wrestler.

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Amirteymour Kalali

Mohammad Ebrahim Mirza Amirteymour Kalali (5 October 1894 – 11 February 1988) (امیرتیمور کلالی), also known as Sardar Nosrat, was a prominent Iranian statesman and aristocrat.

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Amu Darya

The Amu Darya, also called the Amu or Amo River, and historically known by its Latin name Oxus, is a major river in Central Asia.

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Anousheh Ansari

Anousheh Ansari (Anuŝe Ansāri; née Raissyan; born September 12, 1966) is an Iranian-American engineer and co-founder and chairwoman of Prodea Systems.

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Anoushirvan Arjmand

Anoushirvan Arjmand (‎; 19 October 1941 – 14 December 2014) was an Iranian actor, best known for his roles in films such as Duel (2004), Tardid (2009), and He Who Said No (2014).

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Ansari X Prize

The Ansari X Prize was a space competition in which the X Prize Foundation offered a US$10,000,000 prize for the first non-government organization to launch a reusable manned spacecraft into space twice within two weeks.

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Anvari

Anvari (1126–1189), full name Awhad ad-Din 'Ali ibn Mohammad Khavarani or Awhad ad-Din 'Ali ibn Mahmud (اوحد الدین علی ابن محد انوری) was a Persian poet.

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Arabic

Arabic (العَرَبِيَّة) or (عَرَبِيّ) or) is a Central Semitic language that first emerged in Iron Age northwestern Arabia and is now the lingua franca of the Arab world. It is named after the Arabs, a term initially used to describe peoples living from Mesopotamia in the east to the Anti-Lebanon mountains in the west, in northwestern Arabia, and in the Sinai peninsula. Arabic is classified as a macrolanguage comprising 30 modern varieties, including its standard form, Modern Standard Arabic, which is derived from Classical Arabic. As the modern written language, Modern Standard Arabic is widely taught in schools and universities, and is used to varying degrees in workplaces, government, and the media. The two formal varieties are grouped together as Literary Arabic (fuṣḥā), which is the official language of 26 states and the liturgical language of Islam. Modern Standard Arabic largely follows the grammatical standards of Classical Arabic and uses much of the same vocabulary. However, it has discarded some grammatical constructions and vocabulary that no longer have any counterpart in the spoken varieties, and has adopted certain new constructions and vocabulary from the spoken varieties. Much of the new vocabulary is used to denote concepts that have arisen in the post-classical era, especially in modern times. During the Middle Ages, Literary Arabic was a major vehicle of culture in Europe, especially in science, mathematics and philosophy. As a result, many European languages have also borrowed many words from it. Arabic influence, mainly in vocabulary, is seen in European languages, mainly Spanish and to a lesser extent Portuguese, Valencian and Catalan, owing to both the proximity of Christian European and Muslim Arab civilizations and 800 years of Arabic culture and language in the Iberian Peninsula, referred to in Arabic as al-Andalus. Sicilian has about 500 Arabic words as result of Sicily being progressively conquered by Arabs from North Africa, from the mid 9th to mid 10th centuries. Many of these words relate to agriculture and related activities (Hull and Ruffino). Balkan languages, including Greek and Bulgarian, have also acquired a significant number of Arabic words through contact with Ottoman Turkish. Arabic has influenced many languages around the globe throughout its history. Some of the most influenced languages are Persian, Turkish, Spanish, Urdu, Kashmiri, Kurdish, Bosnian, Kazakh, Bengali, Hindi, Malay, Maldivian, Indonesian, Pashto, Punjabi, Tagalog, Sindhi, and Hausa, and some languages in parts of Africa. Conversely, Arabic has borrowed words from other languages, including Greek and Persian in medieval times, and contemporary European languages such as English and French in modern times. Classical Arabic is the liturgical language of 1.8 billion Muslims and Modern Standard Arabic is one of six official languages of the United Nations. All varieties of Arabic combined are spoken by perhaps as many as 422 million speakers (native and non-native) in the Arab world, making it the fifth most spoken language in the world. Arabic is written with the Arabic alphabet, which is an abjad script and is written from right to left, although the spoken varieties are sometimes written in ASCII Latin from left to right with no standardized orthography.

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Arabs in Khorasan

The Arabs in Khorasan are a group of Arabs who immigrated to Khorasan Province, Iran, during the Abbasid Caliphate (750−1513).

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Asadi Tusi

Abu Mansur Ali ibn Ahmad Asadi Tusi (ابومنصور علی بن احمد اسدی طوسی) was a Persian poet, linguist and author.

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Ashgabat

Ashgabat (Aşgabat,; ɐʂxɐˈbat) — named Poltoratsk (p) between 1919 and 1927, is the capital and the largest city of Turkmenistan in Central Asia, situated between the Karakum Desert and the Kopet Dag mountain range.

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Ashura

Ashura (عاشوراء, colloquially:; عاشورا; عاشورا; Azerbaijani and Turkish: Aşura Günü or Day of Remembrance), and in Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago 'Hussay' or Hosay, is the tenth day of Muharram in the Islamic calendar.

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Assembly of Experts

The Assembly of Experts (Majles-e Khobregān-e Rahbari) —also translated as the Assembly of Experts of the Leadership or as the Council of Experts— is the deliberative body empowered to designate and dismiss the Supreme Leader of Iran.

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Association football

Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball.

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Astan Quds Razavi

Astan Quds Razavi (Āstān-e Qods-e Razavi) is a Bonyad, or autonomous charitable foundation, in Mashhad, Iran.

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Astan Quds Razavi Central Museum

The Astan Quds Razavi Central Museum is a major museum complex situed in Mashhad, Iran.

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Astrology in medieval Islam

The medieval Muslims took a keen interest in the study of heavens: partly because they considered the celestial bodies to be divine, partly because the dwellers of desert-regions often travelled at night, and relied upon knowledge of the constellations for guidance in their journeys.

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Astronomy in the medieval Islamic world

Islamic astronomy comprises the astronomical developments made in the Islamic world, particularly during the Islamic Golden Age (9th–13th centuries), and mostly written in the Arabic language.

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Autonomous Government of Khorasan

The Autonomous Government of Khorasan was a short-lived military state set up in what is now Iran.

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Azadegan League

The Azadegan League (ليگ آزادگان), also known as League 1 (لیگ یک), is the second highest division of professional football in Iran.

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Azerbaijan

No description.

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Ürümqi

Ürümqi (yengi; from Oirat "beautiful pasture") is the capital of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in the far northwest of the People's Republic of China.

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Bakhsh

A bakhsh (بخش) is a type of administrative division of Iran.

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Baloch people

The Baloch or Baluch (Balochi) are a people who live mainly in the Balochistan region of the southeastern-most edge of the Iranian plateau in Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan, as well as in the Arabian Peninsula.

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Bandar Torkaman

Bandar Torkaman (بندرتركمن; also Romanized as Bandar-e Torkaman, Bandar-e Torkeman, and Bandar-e Torkman; formerly, Bandar Shah (بَندَرِ شاه), also Romanized as Bandar-e Shāh and Bandar Shāh) is a city and capital of Torkaman County, Golestan Province, Iran.

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Basij

The Basij (بسيج, lit. "The Mobilization"), Niruyeh Moghavemat Basij (نیروی مقاومت بسیج, "Mobilisation Resistance Force"), full name Sāzmān-e Basij-e Mostaz'afin (سازمان بسیج مستضعفین, "The Organization for Mobilization of the Oppressed"), is one of the five forces of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.

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Basketball

Basketball is a team sport played on a rectangular court.

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Bazaar

A bazaar is a permanently enclosed marketplace or street where goods and services are exchanged or sold.

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Behistun Inscription

The Behistun Inscription (also Bisotun, Bistun or Bisutun; بیستون, Old Persian: Bagastana, meaning "the place of god") is a multilingual inscription and large rock relief on a cliff at Mount Behistun in the Kermanshah Province of Iran, near the city of Kermanshah in western Iran.

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Binalud Mountains

The Binalud Mountains or the Binalud Range (بینالود - Bīnālūd) is a mountain range that runs in a northwest-southeast direction between the Nishapur and Mashhad regions in Razavi Khorasan Province in northeastern Iran, to the southeast of the Caspian Sea.

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Birjand

Birjand (بیرجند, also Romanized as Bīrjand and Birdjand) is the capital of the Iranian province of South Khorasan.

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Bojnord

Bojnord (Persian: بجنورد) (also spelled Bojnūrd, Bujnūrd, Bojnoord, Bojnord or Bujnurd, the medieval Buzanjird.) is the capital city of North Khorasan province, Iran.

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Bonyad

Bonyads (بنیاد "Foundation") are charitable trusts in Iran that play a major role in Iran's non-petroleum economy, controlling an estimated 20% of Iran's GDP, and channeling revenues to groups supporting the Islamic Republic.

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Bulgarians

Bulgarians (българи, Bǎlgari) are a South Slavic ethnic group who are native to Bulgaria and its neighboring regions.

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Business magnate

A business magnate (formally industrialist) refers to an entrepreneur of great influence, importance, or standing in a particular enterprise or field of business.

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Businessperson

A business person (also businessman or businesswoman) is a person involved in the business sector – in particular someone undertaking activities (commercial or industrial) for the purpose of generating cash flow, sales, and revenue utilizing a combination of human, financial, intellectual and physical capital with a view to fuelling economic development and growth.

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Cabinet of Iran

The Cabinet of Iran (هیئت‌دولت ایران) is a formal body composed of government officials, ministers, chosen and led by a President.

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Caliphate

A caliphate (خِلافة) is a state under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph (خَليفة), a person considered a religious successor to the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a leader of the entire ummah (community).

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Capital city

A capital city (or simply capital) is the municipality exercising primary status in a country, state, province, or other administrative region, usually as its seat of government.

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Capitals of Persia

Persia (Iran) has had numerous capital cities and royal centers throughout its history.

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Car

A car (or automobile) is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transportation.

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Caspian Sea

The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed inland body of water on Earth by area, variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea.

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Central District (Mashhad County)

The Central District of Mashhad County (بخش مرکزی شهرستان مشهد) is a district (bakhsh) in Mashhad County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran.

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Central Library of Astan Quds Razavi

The Central Library of Astan Quds Razavi is a large library in Mashad, Iran.

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Chain murders of Iran

The Chain Murders of Iran (Persian:قتلهای زنجیره ای), or Serial Murders, were a series of 1988–98 murders and disappearances of certain Iranian dissident intellectuals who had been critical of the Islamic Republic system in some way by Iranian government internal operatives.

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Chairman

The chairman (also chairperson, chairwoman or chair) is the highest officer of an organized group such as a board, a committee, or a deliberative assembly.

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Chemical substance

A chemical substance, also known as a pure substance, is a form of matter that consists of molecules of the same composition and structure.

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Chief executive officer

Chief executive officer (CEO) is the position of the most senior corporate officer, executive, administrator, or other leader in charge of managing an organization especially an independent legal entity such as a company or nonprofit institution.

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China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.

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Church (building)

A church building or church house, often simply called a church, is a building used for Christian religious activities, particularly for worship services.

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Clothing

Clothing (also known as clothes and attire) is a collective term for garments, items worn on the body.

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Counties of Iran

The counties of Iran, called shahrestan (شهرستان), are administrative divisions of larger provinces (ostan).

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County

A county is a geographical region of a country used for administrative or other purposes,Chambers Dictionary, L. Brookes (ed.), 2005, Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, Edinburgh in certain modern nations.

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Culture minister

A culture minister is a Cabinet position in governments.

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Darius I

Darius I (Old Persian: Dārayava(h)uš, New Persian: rtl Dāryuš;; c. 550–486 BCE) was the fourth king of the Persian Achaemenid Empire.

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Dariush Arjmand

Dariush Arjmand (داریوش ارجمند.) (born 27 July 1944 in Tehran, Iran) is an Iranian actor.

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Dariush Borbor

Dariush Borbor (داریوش بوربور, born April 28, 1934), is an Iranian-French architect, urban planner, designer, sculptor, painter, researcher and writer.

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Darya Dadvar

Daryā Dādvar (دريا دادور., born in Mashhad, Iran) is an accomplished Iranian soprano soloist and composer living in Paris, France.

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Disc jockey

A disc jockey, often abbreviated as DJ, is a person who plays existing recorded music for a live audience.

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Dubfire

Ali Shirazinia (علی شیرازی‌نیا), commonly known by his stage name Dubfire, is an Iranian American house and techno DJ and producer.

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Early Islamic philosophy

Early Islamic philosophy or classical Islamic philosophy is a period of intense philosophical development beginning in the 2nd century AH of the Islamic calendar (early 9th century CE) and lasting until the 6th century AH (late 12th century CE).

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Ebrahim Afshar

Ibrahim Mirza or Ebrahim Shah Afshar (ابراهیم‌شاه) (died 1749) was the Shah of Persia during the Afsharid Empire from July to September 1748.

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Ebrahim Raisi

Seyyed Ebrahim Raisol-Sadati (سید ابراهیم رئیس‌الساداتی; born 14 December 1960), commonly known as Ebrahim Raisi (ابراهیم رئیسی), is an Iranian cleric and the current custodian and chairman of Astan Quds Razavi (a wealthy and powerful foundation or bonyad).

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Engineer

Engineers, as practitioners of engineering, are people who invent, design, analyze, build, and test machines, systems, structures and materials to fulfill objectives and requirements while considering the limitations imposed by practicality, regulation, safety, and cost.

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Engineering

Engineering is the creative application of science, mathematical methods, and empirical evidence to the innovation, design, construction, operation and maintenance of structures, machines, materials, devices, systems, processes, and organizations.

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Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship is the process of designing, launching and running a new business, which is often initially a small business.

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Farhad Zarif

Farhad Zarif (فرهاد ظریف; born 3 March 1983, Mashhad) is an Iranian volleyball player who plays for Paykan Tehran and he's a previous player of Iran national team.

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Fariman

Fariman (فريمان; also Romanized as Farīmān; also known as Farīmūn) is a city and capital of Fariman County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran.

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Farsh Ara Mashhad FSC

Farsh Ara Mashhad Futsal Club (Persian: باشگاه فوتسال فرش آرا مشهد) is an Iranian Futsal club based in Mashhad, Iran who play in the Iranian Futsal Super League.

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Ferdosi Mashhad FSC

Eghtedar Novin Ferdosi Mashhad Futsal Club (Persian: باشگاه فوتسال اقتدار نوین فردوسی مشهد) is an Iranian futsal club based in Mashhad, Iran.

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Ferdowsi

Abu ʾl-Qasim Firdowsi Tusi (c. 940–1020), or Ferdowsi (also transliterated as Firdawsi, Firdusi, Firdosi, Firdausi) was a Persian poet and the author of Shahnameh ("Book of Kings"), which is the world's longest epic poem created by a single poet, and the national epic of Greater Iran.

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Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM) (دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد) is a university in Northeastern Iran named after the great epic poet Ferdowsi who is the author of Shahnameh.

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Film

A film, also called a movie, motion picture, moving pícture, theatrical film, or photoplay, is a series of still images that, when shown on a screen, create the illusion of moving images.

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Film director

A film director is a person who directs the making of a film.

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Financial Times

The Financial Times (FT) is a Japanese-owned (since 2015), English-language international daily newspaper headquartered in London, with a special emphasis on business and economic news.

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Firefighter

A firefighter is a rescuer extensively trained in firefighting, primarily to extinguish hazardous fires that threaten life, property and the environment as well as to rescue people and animals from dangerous situations.

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Foundation of Martyrs and Veterans Affairs

The Foundation of Martyrs and Veterans (بنیاد شهید و امور ایثارگران), Affairs is an Iranian foundation that receives its funding directly from the national budget.

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Free verse

Free verse is an open form of poetry.

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Freestyle wrestling

Freestyle wrestling is a style of amateur wrestling that is practiced throughout the world.

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Front of Islamic Revolution Stability

Front of Islamic Revolution Stability (Jebha-ye pāydārī-e enqelāb-e eslāmī, also translated Persevering Front, Endurance Front and Steadfast Front) is an Iranian principlist political group described as "extreme end of the fundamentalist camp" and "Iran’s most right-wing party".

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Futsal

Futsal is a variant of association football played on a hard court, smaller than a football pitch, and mainly indoors.

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Georgians

The Georgians or Kartvelians (tr) are a nation and Caucasian ethnic group native to Georgia.

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Ghodrat Bahadori

Ghodrat Bahadori (قدرت بهادری., born 30 January 1988 in, Mashhad, Iran) is an Iranian futsal player.

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Goharshad Begum

Goharshād Begum (گوهرشاد Gowharšād; meaning "joyful jewel" or "shining jewel"; alternative spelling: Gawharshād; died 19 July 1457) was a wife of Shāhrukh, the Emperor of the Timurid Empire of Herāt.

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Goharshad Mosque

Goharshad Mosque (مسجد گوهرشاد) is a former free standing mosque in Mashhad of the Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran, which now serves as one of the prayer halls within the Imam Reza shrine complex.

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Gorgan

Gorgan (گرگان; formerly Astrabad or Astarabad (استرآباد)) is the capital city of Golestan Province, Iran.

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Greater Khorasan

Khorasan (Middle Persian: Xwarāsān; خراسان Xorāsān), sometimes called Greater Khorasan, is a historical region lying in northeast of Greater Persia, including part of Central Asia and Afghanistan.

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Hadi Khamenei

Hojatoleslam Hadi Khamenei (born 1947) is an Iranian reformist politician, mojtahed and linguist.

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Hamed Afagh

Hamed Afagh Eslamieh (حامد آفاق اسلامیه., born February 1, 1983) is a professional Iranian basketball player who plays for Shahrdari Arak of the Iranian Super League and also for the Iranian national basketball team.

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Hamed Behdad

Hamed Behdad (حامد بهداد, born 17 November 1973 in Mashhad), Iranian film, stage and television actor.

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Hamid Motebassem

Hamid Motebassem (Persian: حمید متبسم) (b. 1958 Mashhad) is a classical Persian musician and tar and setar player.

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Hamid Reza Mobarrez

Hamid Reza Mobarrez (حمید رضا مبرز; born February 18, 1981 in Mashhad) is an Iranian Swimmer.

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Handicraft

A handicraft, sometimes more precisely expressed as artisanal handicraft or handmade, is any of a wide variety of types of work where useful and decorative objects are made completely by hand or by using only simple tools.

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Harun al-Rashid

Harun al-Rashid (هَارُون الرَشِيد Hārūn Ar-Rašīd; "Harun the Orthodox" or "Harun the Rightly-Guided," 17 March 763 or February 766 — 24 March 809 (148–193 Hijri) was the fifth Abbasid Caliph. His birth date is debated, with various sources giving dates from 763 to 766. His epithet "al-Rashid" translates to "the Orthodox," "the Just," "the Upright," or "the Rightly-Guided." Al-Rashid ruled from 786 to 809, during the peak of the Islamic Golden Age. His time was marked by scientific, cultural, and religious prosperity. Islamic art and music also flourished significantly during his reign. He established the legendary library Bayt al-Hikma ("House of Wisdom") in Baghdad in present-day Iraq, and during his rule Baghdad began to flourish as a center of knowledge, culture and trade. During his rule, the family of Barmakids, which played a deciding role in establishing the Abbasid Caliphate, declined gradually. In 796, he moved his court and government to Raqqa in present-day Syria. A Frankish mission came to offer Harun friendship in 799. Harun sent various presents with the emissaries on their return to Charlemagne's court, including a clock that Charlemagne and his retinue deemed to be a conjuration because of the sounds it emanated and the tricks it displayed every time an hour ticked. The fictional The Book of One Thousand and One Nights is set in Harun's magnificent court and some of its stories involve Harun himself. Harun's life and court have been the subject of many other tales, both factual and fictitious. Some of the Twelver sect of Shia Muslims blame Harun for his supposed role in the murder of their 7th Imam (Musa ibn Ja'far).

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Haruniyeh

Haruniyeh (هارونيه, also Romanized as Hārūnīyeh and Harūnīeh; also known as Gol Lar, Harūnābād, and Hūrlān) is a village in Mishu-e Jonubi Rural District, Sufian District, Shabestar County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran.

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Hassan Firouzabadi

Hassan Firouzabadi (حسن فيروزآبادی) is an Iranian ophthalmologist and retired military officer who is currently a member of the Expediency Discernment Council, and a senior military advisor to the Supreme Leader of Iran.

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Hassan Ghazizadeh Hashemi

Seyyed Hassan Ghazizadeh Hashemi (سید حسن قاضی‌زاده هاشمی; born 21 March 1959) is an Iranian ophthalmologist and associate professor of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, who is currently serving as the Minister of Health and Medical Education in the administration of President Hassan Rouhani.

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Hassan Rahimpour Azghadi

Hassan Rahimpour Azghadi (حسن رحیم‌پور ازغدی) (born 1964 or 1965) is an Iranian scholar and theorist and member of Iran's Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution.

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Hassan Rouhani

Hassan Rouhani (حسن روحانی,, Standard Persian:; born Hassan Fereydoun (حسن فریدون) on 12 November 1948) is an Iranian politician serving as the current and seventh President of Iran since 3 August 2013.

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Hazaras

The Hazaras (هزاره, آزره) are an ethnic group native to the region of Hazarajat in central Afghanistan, speaking the Hazaragi variant of Dari, itself an eastern variety of Persian and one of the two official languages of Afghanistan.

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Herat

Herat (هرات,Harât,Herât; هرات; Ἀλεξάνδρεια ἡ ἐν Ἀρίοις, Alexándreia hē en Aríois; Alexandria Ariorum) is the third-largest city of Afghanistan.

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Heshmat Mohajerani

Heshmatollah Mohajerani (حشمت مهاجرانى, born 11 December 1938) is a retired Iranian association football midfielder and manager.

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Hezar Masjed Mountains

Hezar Masjed Mountains are a group of mountains that form the southeastern section of the Kopet-Dag Range.

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Hichkas

Soroush Lashkary (Sorūŝ Laŝkari - سروش لشکری; born May 9, 1985) better known by his stage name Hichkas (Hiĉkas - هیچکس; meaning "No One") BBC Radio 1 article is an Iranian rapper from Tehran.

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Hojjatieh

Anjoman-e Hojjatieh, also called The Hojjatieh Society (Allah's Proof Over Creation), is a traditionalist Iranian Shi'a lay religious organization that promotes orthodoxy through non-violent evangelism.

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Homa Hotel Group

Homa Hotel Group is a subsidiary of Social Security Organization, which owns a chain of five-star hotels in major cities of Iran.

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Homayoun Shajarian

Homayoun Shajarian (همايون شجريان) (born 21 May 1975) is a Persian classical music and Persian classical crossover vocalist, and a Tombak player.

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Hossein Badamaki

Hossein Badamaki (حسین بادامكی, born 13 September 1981) is a retired Iranian Footballer who plays for Aboumoslem and Persepolis among other clubs in Persian Gulf Pro League.

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Hossein Sabet

Hossein Sabet Baktash (حسین ثابت, born in Mashhad) is an Iranian businessman and Persian carpet dealer.

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Hossein Tayyebi

Hossein Tayyebi Bidgoli (حسین طیبی بیدگلی., born 29 September 1988 in, Mashhad, Iran) is an Iranian futsal player.

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Hossein Vahid Khorasani

Grand Ayatollah Hussain Vahid Khorasani (حسین وحید الخراسانی حسین وحید خراسانی, born January 1, 1921) is an Iranian Twelver Shia Marja'.

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Hotel

A hotel is an establishment that provides paid lodging on a short-term basis.

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House music

House music is a genre of electronic dance music created by club DJs and music producers in Chicago in the early 1980s.

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Humayd ibn Qahtaba

Humayd ibn Qahtaba ibn Shabib al-Ta'i was a senior military leader in the early Abbasid Caliphate.

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Husayn ibn Ali

Al-Ḥusayn ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib (الحسين ابن علي ابن أبي طالب; 10 October 625 – 10 October 680) (3 Sha'aban AH 4 (in the ancient (intercalated) Arabic calendar) – 10 Muharram AH 61) (his name is also transliterated as Husayn ibn 'Alī, Husain, Hussain and Hussein), was a grandson of the Islamic ''Nabi'' (نَـبِي, Prophet) Muhammad, and son of Ali ibn Abi Talib (the first Shia Imam and the fourth Rashid caliph of Sunni Islam), and Muhammad's daughter, Fatimah.

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Hypermarket

In commerce, a hypermarket is a superstore combining a supermarket and a department store.

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Ibn Battuta

Ibn Battuta (محمد ابن بطوطة; fully; Arabic: أبو عبد الله محمد بن عبد الله اللواتي الطنجي بن بطوطة) (February 25, 13041368 or 1369) was a Moroccan scholar who widely travelled the medieval world.

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Imam Reza shrine

The Imam Reza shrine (حرم امام رضا) in Mashhad, Iran is a complex which contains the mausoleum of Imam Reza, the eighth Imam of Twelver Shiites.

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Imamah (Shia)

In Shia Islam, the imamah (إمامة) is the doctrine that the figures known as imams are rightfully the central figures of the ummah; the entire Shi'ite system of doctrine focuses on the imamah.

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India

India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.

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Iran

Iran (ایران), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th-most-populous country. Comprising a land area of, it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th-largest in the world. Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan, to the north by the Caspian Sea, to the northeast by Turkmenistan, to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, give it geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic and cultural center. Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BCE. It was first unified by the Iranian Medes in the seventh century BCE, reaching its greatest territorial size in the sixth century BCE, when Cyrus the Great founded the Achaemenid Empire, which stretched from Eastern Europe to the Indus Valley, becoming one of the largest empires in history. The Iranian realm fell to Alexander the Great in the fourth century BCE and was divided into several Hellenistic states. An Iranian rebellion culminated in the establishment of the Parthian Empire, which was succeeded in the third century CE by the Sasanian Empire, a leading world power for the next four centuries. Arab Muslims conquered the empire in the seventh century CE, displacing the indigenous faiths of Zoroastrianism and Manichaeism with Islam. Iran made major contributions to the Islamic Golden Age that followed, producing many influential figures in art and science. After two centuries, a period of various native Muslim dynasties began, which were later conquered by the Turks and the Mongols. The rise of the Safavids in the 15th century led to the reestablishment of a unified Iranian state and national identity, with the country's conversion to Shia Islam marking a turning point in Iranian and Muslim history. Under Nader Shah, Iran was one of the most powerful states in the 18th century, though by the 19th century, a series of conflicts with the Russian Empire led to significant territorial losses. Popular unrest led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy and the country's first legislature. A 1953 coup instigated by the United Kingdom and the United States resulted in greater autocracy and growing anti-Western resentment. Subsequent unrest against foreign influence and political repression led to the 1979 Revolution and the establishment of an Islamic republic, a political system that includes elements of a parliamentary democracy vetted and supervised by a theocracy governed by an autocratic "Supreme Leader". During the 1980s, the country was engaged in a war with Iraq, which lasted for almost nine years and resulted in a high number of casualties and economic losses for both sides. According to international reports, Iran's human rights record is exceptionally poor. The regime in Iran is undemocratic, and has frequently persecuted and arrested critics of the government and its Supreme Leader. Women's rights in Iran are described as seriously inadequate, and children's rights have been severely violated, with more child offenders being executed in Iran than in any other country in the world. Since the 2000s, Iran's controversial nuclear program has raised concerns, which is part of the basis of the international sanctions against the country. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, an agreement reached between Iran and the P5+1, was created on 14 July 2015, aimed to loosen the nuclear sanctions in exchange for Iran's restriction in producing enriched uranium. Iran is a founding member of the UN, ECO, NAM, OIC, and OPEC. It is a major regional and middle power, and its large reserves of fossil fuels – which include the world's largest natural gas supply and the fourth-largest proven oil reserves – exert considerable influence in international energy security and the world economy. The country's rich cultural legacy is reflected in part by its 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the third-largest number in Asia and eleventh-largest in the world. Iran is a multicultural country comprising numerous ethnic and linguistic groups, the largest being Persians (61%), Azeris (16%), Kurds (10%), and Lurs (6%).

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Iran Darroudi

Iran Darroudi (ایران درودی born September 2, 1936 in Mashhad) is a contemporary Iranian artist, living between Tehran and Paris.

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Iran Standard Time

Iran Standard Time (IRST) or Iran Time (IT) is the time zone used in Iran.

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Iranian Americans

Iranian Americans or Persian Americans are U.S. citizens who are of Iranian ancestry or who hold Iranian citizenship.

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Iranian Basketball Super League

The Iranian Basketball Super League (IBSL) is a professional men's basketball league in Iran.

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Iranian cuisine

Iranian cuisine comprises the cooking traditions of Iran.

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Iranian Futsal Super League

The Iranian Futsal Super League (سوپر لیگ فوتسال ایران), is a professional futsal league competition for clubs located at the highest level of the Iranian futsal league system founded in 2004.

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Iranian Premier Wrestling League

The Iranian Premier Wrestling League is a professional wrestling league in Iran.

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Iranian Volleyball Super League

The Iranian Super League (ISL) is a professional volleyball league in Iran at the top of the Iranian volleyball league system.

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Iraq

Iraq (or; العراق; عێراق), officially known as the Republic of Iraq (جُمُهورية العِراق; کۆماری عێراق), is a country in Western Asia, bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest and Syria to the west.

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Isfahan

Isfahan (Esfahān), historically also rendered in English as Ispahan, Sepahan, Esfahan or Hispahan, is the capital of Isfahan Province in Iran, located about south of Tehran.

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Islamic art

Islamic art encompasses the visual arts produced from the 7th century onward by people who lived within the territory that was inhabited by or ruled by culturally Islamic populations.

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Islamic City Council of Mashhad

The Islamic City Council of Holy Mashhad (شورای اسلامی شهر مشهد مقدس) is the directly elected council that presides over the city of Mashhad and elects the mayor in a mayor–council government system.

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Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

The Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (ISESCO) was founded by the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) in May 1979.

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Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting

The Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB) (صدا و سيمای جمهوری اسلامی ايران, Sedā va Sīmā-ye Jomhūri-ye Eslāmi-ye Īrān, lit. Voice and Vision of the Islamic Republic of Iran), formerly called National Iranian Radio and Television until the Iranian revolution of 1979, is an Iranian media corporation which hold the monopoly of domestic radio and television services in Iran, is also among the largest media organizations in Asian and Pacific region, and a regular member of Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union.

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Ismail I

Ismail I (Esmāʿīl,; July 17, 1487 – May 23, 1524), also known as Shah Ismail I (شاه اسماعیل), was the founder of the Safavid dynasty, ruling from 1501 to 23 May 1524 as Shah of Iran (Persia).

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Istanbul

Istanbul (or or; İstanbul), historically known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center.

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Jabir ibn Hayyan

Abu Mūsā Jābir ibn Hayyān (جابر بن حیانl fa, often given the nisbas al-Bariqi, al-Azdi, al-Kufi, al-Tusi or al-Sufi; fl. c. 721c. 815), also known by the Latinization Geber, was a polymath: a chemist and alchemist, astronomer and astrologer, engineer, geographer, philosopher, physicist, and pharmacist and physician.

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Japan

Japan (日本; Nippon or Nihon; formally 日本国 or Nihon-koku, lit. "State of Japan") is a sovereign island country in East Asia.

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Javad Jalali

Javad Jalali (جواد جلالی.) (born 30 May 1977 in Mashhad) is a photographer and a member of the Iranian Alliance of Motion Picture Guilds.

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Javad Mahjoub

Javad Mahjoub (جواد محجوب, born 26 May 1991 in Chenaran) is an Iranian judoka.

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Jordan

Jordan (الْأُرْدُنّ), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية), is a sovereign Arab state in Western Asia, on the East Bank of the Jordan River.

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Journalist

A journalist is a person who collects, writes, or distributes news or other current information to the public.

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Kamia Yousufi

Kamia Yousufi (کیمیا یوسفی; born 20 May 1996 in Mashhad, Iran) is an Afghan female sprinter.

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Kang, Razavi Khorasan

Kang (كنگ) is a village in Jagharq Rural District, Torqabeh District, Torqabeh and Shandiz County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran.

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Karachi

Karachi (کراچی; ALA-LC:,; ڪراچي) is the capital of the Pakistani province of Sindh.

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Kashafrud River

Kashafrud or Kashafrud River is a river that flows from the Hezar Masjed Mountains in Razavi Khorasan Province in northeast of Iran.

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Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan (Qazaqstan,; kəzɐxˈstan), officially the Republic of Kazakhstan (Qazaqstan Respýblıkasy; Respublika Kazakhstan), is the world's largest landlocked country, and the ninth largest in the world, with an area of.

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Köppen climate classification

The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems.

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Khodadad Azizi

Khodadad Azizi (خداداد عزیزی, born 22 June 1971) nicknamed as "speedy gazelle of Iran" (Persian: غزال تیزپای ایران) is an Iranian retired professional football striker and a current coach.

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Khorasan Province

Khorasan (استان خراسان) (also transcribed as Khurasan and Khorassan, also called Traxiane during Hellenistic and Parthian times) was a province in north eastern Iran, but historically referred to a much larger area east and north-east of the Persian Empire.

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Kia Zolgharnain

Kia Zolgharnain (born November 10, 1965) is a retired Iranian-American soccer forward who led the American Indoor Soccer Association in scoring during the 1986–1987 season.

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Kooh Sangi

Kooh-Sangi is an urban public park in Mashhad, Iran.

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Kuala Lumpur

Kuala Lumpur, officially the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur (Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur), or commonly known as KL, is the national capital of Malaysia as well as its largest city in the country.

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Kurds

The Kurds (rtl, Kurd) or the Kurdish people (rtl, Gelî kurd), are an ethnic group in the Middle East, mostly inhabiting a contiguous area spanning adjacent parts of southeastern Turkey (Northern Kurdistan), northwestern Iran (Eastern Kurdistan), northern Iraq (Southern Kurdistan), and northern Syria (Western Kurdistan).

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Lahore

Lahore (لاہور, لہور) is the capital city of the Pakistani province of Punjab, and is the country’s second-most populous city after Karachi.

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Leather

Leather is a durable and flexible material created by tanning animal rawhides, mostly cattle hide.

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Lebanon

Lebanon (لبنان; Lebanese pronunciation:; Liban), officially known as the Lebanese RepublicRepublic of Lebanon is the most common phrase used by Lebanese government agencies.

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Light rail

Light rail, light rail transit (LRT), or fast tram is a form of urban rail transport using rolling stock similar to a tramway, but operating at a higher capacity, and often on an exclusive right-of-way.

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List of inventions in the medieval Islamic world

The following is a list of inventions made in the medieval Islamic world, especially during the "Islamic Golden Age" (8th to 13th centuries), as well as the late medieval period, especially in the Emirate of Granada and the Ottoman Empire.

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List of largest cities of Iran

Iran has one of the highest urban population growth rates in the world.

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List of sovereign states

This list of sovereign states provides an overview of sovereign states around the world, with information on their status and recognition of their sovereignty.

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Madrasa

Madrasa (مدرسة,, pl. مدارس) is the Arabic word for any type of educational institution, whether secular or religious (of any religion), and whether a school, college, or university.

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Mahdi Bemani Naeini

Mahdi Bemani Naeini (also spelt Mehdi Bemani, Mehdi Bemani Naeini, '''مهدی بمانی نائینی'''., born November 3, 1968) is an Iranian film director, cinematographer, TV news producer and photographer.

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Mahdi Javid

Mahdi Javid (مهدی جاوید., born 3 May 1987 in, Mashhad, Iran) is an Iranian futsal player.

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Mahmoud Ahmadinejad

Mahmoud Ahmadinejad (Mahmūd Ahmadinezhād, born Mahmoud Sabbaghian (Sabbāghyān) on 28 October 1956) is an Iranian politician who was the sixth President of Iran from 2005 to 2013.

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Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi

Sayyid Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi (سید محمود هاشمی شاهرودی, born 15 August 1948) is an Iranian cleric and conservative politician who is currently Chairman of Expediency Discernment Council since 14 August 2017.

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Mahmoud Khayami

Mahmoud Khayami, CBE, KSS, GCFO (محمود خيامی) born 1930 in Mashhad, Iran, is an Iranian industrialist and philanthropist, of French nationality.

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Majid Khodaei

Majid Khodaei (مجید خدایی, born 26 August 1978 in Mashhad) is an Iranian former wrestler.

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Malaysia

Malaysia is a federal constitutional monarchy in Southeast Asia.

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Manouchehr Eghbal

Manuchehr Eqbal (منوچهر اقبال; 13 October 1909 – 25 November 1977) was one of the prime ministers of Iran.

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Marja'

In Shia Islam, marjaʿ (مرجع; plural: marājiʿ), also known as a marjaʿ taqlīd or marjaʿ dīnī (مرجع تقليد / مرجع ديني), literally meaning "source to imitate/follow" or "religious reference", is a title given to the highest level Shia authority, a Grand Ayatollah with the authority to make legal decisions within the confines of Islamic law for followers and less-credentialed clerics.

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Marshall Manesh

Marshall Manesh (born August 16, 1950 in Mashhad, Iran) is an Iranian-American actor.

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Maryam Monsef

Maryam Monsef, (مریم منصف) (born November 7, 1984) is an Afghan Canadian politician.

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Maryam Sedarati

Maryam Sedarati (Persian: مریم صدارتی, born 1 June 1950) is a retired Iranian athlete.

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Mashhad

Mashhad (مشهد), also spelled Mashad or Meshad, is the second most populous city in Iran and the capital of Razavi Khorasan Province.

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Mashhad County

Mashhad County (شهرستان مشهد) is a county (shahrestān) in Razavi Khorasan Province in Iran.

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Mashhad International Airport

Mashhad International Airport (فرودگاه شهید هاشمی نژاد مشهد) is an international airport located in Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan, Iran.

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Mashhad Urban Railway

Mashhad Urban Railway (قطار شهری مشهد, the literal translation of the name from Persian) is a rapid transit urban rail line in Mashhad, Iran.

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Mashhadi Jews

The Jewish community of Mashhad, Iran formed in the 1740s, when Nadir Shah Afshar called for the relocation of forty Jewish families from Qazvin and Dilaman to Kalat.

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Masoud Haji Akhondzadeh

Masoud Haji Akhondzade (مسعود حاجی آخوندزاده., born April 29, 1978 in Mashhad) is an Iranian judoka.

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Mazar (mausoleum)

A mazār (مزار) is a mausoleum or shrine in some places of the world, typically that of a saint or notable religious leader.

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Mazar-i-Sharif

Mazar-i-Sharif (Dari/مزار شریف), often called just Mazar, is the fourth-largest city of Afghanistan, with a 2015 UN–Habitat population estimate between 577,500 and 693,000.

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Medicine in the medieval Islamic world

In the history of medicine, Islamic medicine is the science of medicine developed in the Islamic Golden Age, and written in Arabic, the lingua franca of Islamic civilization.

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Mehdi Akhavan-Sales

Mehdi Akhavān-Sāles, or Akhavān-Sāless (مهدی اخوان ثالث) (March 1929 in Mashhad, Iran - August 26, 1990 in Tehran, Iran), pen name M. Omid (م. امید, Hope) was a prominent Iranian poet.

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Merv

Merv (Merw, Мерв, مرو; مرو, Marv), formerly Achaemenid Persian Satrapy of Margiana, and later Alexandria (Margiana) (Ἀλεξάνδρεια) and Antiochia in Margiana (Ἀντιόχεια τῆς Μαργιανῆς), was a major oasis-city in Central Asia, on the historical Silk Road, located near today's Mary in Turkmenistan.

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Meshki Pooshan F.C.

Meshki Pooshan Football Club (باشگاه فوتبال مشکی‌پوشان) is an Iranian football club based in Mashhad, Iran.

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Mesrop Mashtots

Mesrop Mashtots (Մեսրոպ Մաշտոց Mesrop Maštoc'; Mesrobes Mastosius; 362February 17, 440 AD), was an early medieval Armenian linguist, theologian, statesman and hymnologist.

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Minister of Democratic Institutions

The Minister of Democratic Institutions (previously called the Minister responsible for Democratic Reform and the Minister responsible for Democratic Renewal) is a Minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet, associated with the Privy Council Office.

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Miran Shah

Mirza Miran Shah Beg (1366 – 16? April 1408) (میران شاہ) was a son of Timur, and a Timurid governor during his father's lifetime.

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Mitra Hajjar

Mitra Hajjar (میترا حجار, born February 3, 1978) is an Iranian actress.

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Mizan Khorasan VC

Mizan Khorasan Volleyball Club (باشگاه والیبال میزان خراسان) is an Iranian professional volleyball team based in Mashhad, Iran.

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Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf

Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf (محمدباقر قالیباف, born 23 August 1961) is an Iranian conservative politician and former military officer who held office as the Mayor of Tehran from 2005 to 2017.

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Mohammad Khadem

Mohamed Khadem Khorasani Azghadi (محمد خادم خراسانی ازغدى, born September 7, 1935) is a retired Iranian featherweight freestyle wrestler.

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Mohammad Mansouri

Mohammad Mansouri Fahim (محمد منصوری فهیم, born 26 October 1983 in Tehran, Iran) is an Iranian Football Midfielder who currently plays for Padideh Shandiz in Azadegan League on loan from Zob Ahan.

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Mohammad Mokhtari (writer)

Mohammad Mokhtari (محمد مختاری.) (April 21, 1942 – December 3, 1998) was an Iranian writer, poet and activist.

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Mohammad Reyshahri

Mohammad Reyshahri (محمد ری‌‌شهری), also known as Mohammad Mohammadi-Nik, (born 29 October 1946), best known as Reyshahri, is an Iranian politician and cleric who was the first Minister of Intelligence, served from 1984 to 1989 in cabinet of Prime Minister Mir-Hossein Mousavi.

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Mohammad-Ali Abtahi

Mohammad-Ali Abtahi (محمدعلی ابطحی; born January 27, 1958) is an Iranian theologian, scholar, pro-democracy activist and chairman of the Institute for Interreligious Dialogue.

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Mohammad-Reza Shajarian

Mohammad-Reza Shajarian (محمدرضا شجريان) (born 23 September 1940, Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan, Iran) is an internationally and critically acclaimed Iranian classical singer, composer and Ostad (master) of Persian traditional music.

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Mohammad-Taqi Bahar

Mohammad-Taqi Bahar (محمدتقی بهار; also Romanized as Mohammad-Taqí Bahār; December 9, 1886 in Mashhad – April 22, 1951 in Tehran), widely known as Malek o-Sho'arā (ملک‌الشعراء) and Malek o-Sho'arā Bahār (literally: the king of poets), is a renowned Iranian poet and scholar, who was also a politician, journalist, historian and Professor of Literature.

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Mohammad-Taqi Mesbah-Yazdi

Taqī Miṣbāḥ (تقی مصباح‌; born Taqī Givečī, تقی گیوه‌چی), commonly known as Muḥammad–Taqī Miṣbāḥ Yazdī (محمدتقی مصباح‌ یزدی, born 31 January 1934) is an Iranian Twelver Shi'i cleric and principlist political activist who unofficially leads Front of Islamic Revolution Stability.

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Mohsen Namjoo

Mohsen Namjoo (محسن نامجو.) is an Iranian singer-songwriter.

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Mohsen Torky

Mohsen Torky (محسن ترکی) is an Iranian former football referee who had been refereeing in Iran's Pro League for seasons and hasld been on the international list from 2003 to 2013.

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Mongol military tactics and organization

The Mongol military tactics and organization enabled the Mongol Empire to conquer nearly all of continental Asia, the Middle East and parts of eastern Europe.

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Morteza Motahhari

Morteza Motahari (مرتضی مطهری; January 31, 1919 – May 1, 1979) was an Iranian cleric, philosopher, lecturer, and politician.

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Mosque

A mosque (from masjid) is a place of worship for Muslims.

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Museum

A museum (plural musea or museums) is an institution that cares for (conserves) a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance.

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Nader Mirza Afshar

Nadir Mirza Afshar was great-grandson of Nader Shah the founder of the Afsharid dynasty of Persia.

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Nader Shah

Nader Shah Afshar (نادر شاه افشار; also known as Nader Qoli Beyg نادر قلی بیگ or Tahmāsp Qoli Khan تهماسپ قلی خان) (August 1688 – 19 June 1747) was one of the most powerful Iranian rulers in the history of the nation, ruling as Shah of Persia (Iran) from 1736 to 1747 when he was assassinated during a rebellion.

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Nakhchivan (city)

Nakhchivan (Naxçıvan, Նախիջևան) is the capital of the eponymous Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan, located west of Baku.

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Nasir al-Din al-Tusi

Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Tūsī (محمد بن محمد بن حسن طوسی‎ 18 February 1201 – 26 June 1274), better known as Nasir al-Din Tusi (نصیر الدین طوسی; or simply Tusi in the West), was a Persian polymath, architect, philosopher, physician, scientist, and theologian.

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National Order of Merit (France)

The National Order of Merit (Ordre national du Mérite) is a French order of merit with membership awarded by the President of the French Republic, founded on 3 December 1963 by President Charles de Gaulle.

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Navid Negahban

Navid Negahban (نوید نگهبان; born June 2, 1968) is an Iranian American actor.

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Nishapur

Nishapur or Nishabur (نیشابور, also Romanized as Nīshāpūr, Nišâpur, Nişapur, Nīshābūr, Neyshābūr, and Neeshapoor, from Middle Persian: New-Shabuhr, meaning "New City of Shapur", "Fair Shapur", or "Perfect built of Shapur") is a city in Razavi Khorasan Province, capital of the Nishapur County and former capital of Province Khorasan, in northeastern Iran, situated in a fertile plain at the foot of the Binalud Mountains.

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Nizam al-Mulk

Abu Ali Hasan ibn Ali Tusi (April 10, 1018 – October 14, 1092), better known by his honorific title of Nizam al-Mulk (نظام‌الملک, "Order of the Realm") was a Persian scholar and vizier of the Seljuq Empire.

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Noureddin Zarrinkelk

Noureddin Zarrinkelk (also spelled Zarrin-Kelk, also known as Noori or Nouri, born 9 April 1937 in Mashhad) is an Iranian animator, concept artist, editor, graphic designer, illustrator, layout artist, photographer, script writer and sculptor.

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Order of St. Sylvester

The Pontifical Equestrian Order of Saint Sylvester Pope and Martyr (Ordo Sancti Silvestri Papae, Ordine di San Silvestro Papa), sometimes referred to as the Sylvestrine Order, or the Pontifical Order of Pope Saint Sylvester, is one of five Orders of Knighthood awarded directly by the Pope as Supreme Pontiff and head of the Catholic Church and as the Head of State of Vatican City.

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Order of the British Empire

The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British order of chivalry, rewarding contributions to the arts and sciences, work with charitable and welfare organisations, and public service outside the Civil service.

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Ovanes Ohanian

Ovanes Ohanian (October 1896 – 1960) was an Armenian-Iranian filmmaker, inventor, founder, doctor, scientist with PhD in medicine, film, science and languages.

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Padideh F.C.

Padideh Football Club (باشگاه فوتبال پدیده) is a privately owned Iranian football club based in Mashhad.

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Padideh Shandiz

Padideh Shandiz International Tourism Development Company (known as Padideh Shandiz) is an Iranian private joint-stock holding company active in restaurants, tourism and construction.

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Pakistan

Pakistan (پاکِستان), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (اِسلامی جمہوریہ پاکِستان), is a country in South Asia.

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Parthia

Parthia (𐎱𐎼𐎰𐎺 Parθava; 𐭐𐭓𐭕𐭅 Parθaw; 𐭯𐭫𐭮𐭥𐭡𐭥 Pahlaw) is a historical region located in north-eastern Iran.

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Patigrabana

Patigrabana was a historical city in Parthia.

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People's Mujahedin of Iran

The People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran or the Mojahedin-e Khalq (Sāzmān-e mojāhedin-e khalq-e irān, abbreviated MEK, PMOI or MKO), commonly known in Iran as Munafiqin ("hypocrites"), is an Iranian political–militant organization in exile that advocates the violent overthrow of the current government in Iran, while claiming itself as the replacing government in exile.

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Persian carpet

A Persian carpet or Persian rug (Persian: قالی ايرانى qālī-ye īranī),Savory, R., Carpets,(Encyclopaedia Iranica); accessed January 30, 2007.

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Persian Gulf Pro League

The Persian Gulf Pro League (لیگ برتر خلیج فارس), formerly known as the Iran Pro League (لیگ برتر فوتبال ایران), is the highest division of professional football in Iran.

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Persian language

Persian, also known by its endonym Farsi (فارسی), is one of the Western Iranian languages within the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family.

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Peterborough—Kawartha

Peterborough—Kawartha is a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 1953.

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Philanthropy

Philanthropy means the love of humanity.

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Physics in the medieval Islamic world

The natural sciences saw various advancements during the Golden Age of Islam (from roughly the mid 8th to the mid 13th centuries), adding a number of innovations to the Transmission of the Classics (such as Aristotle, Ptolemy, Euclid, Neoplatonism).

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Pistol

A pistol is a type of handgun.

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Poet

A poet is a person who creates poetry.

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Poland

Poland (Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country located in Central Europe.

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Politician

A politician is a person active in party politics, or a person holding or seeking office in government.

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Polymath

A polymath (πολυμαθής,, "having learned much,"The term was first recorded in written English in the early seventeenth century Latin: uomo universalis, "universal man") is a person whose expertise spans a significant number of different subject areas—such a person is known to draw on complex bodies of knowledge to solve specific problems.

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Pouran Jinchi

Pouran Jinchi (born 1959 in Mashhad, Iran) is an Iranian-American, New York-based artist.

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Presidencies and provinces of British India

The Provinces of India, earlier Presidencies of British India and still earlier, Presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance in the subcontinent.

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Prime Minister of Iran

The Prime Minister of Iran was a political post in Iran that had existed during several different periods of time starting with the Qajar era (when the country was internationally known as Persia) until its most recent revival from 1979 to 1989 following the Iranian Revolution.

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Provinces of Iran

Iran is subdivided into thirty-one provinces (استان Ostān, plural استان‌ها Ostānhā), each governed from a local center, usually the largest local city, which is called the capital (Persian: مرکز, markaz) of that province.

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Radko Dimitriev

Radko Dimitriev (Радко Димитриев) (24 September 1859 in Gradets – 18 October 1918 near Pyatigorsk) was a Bulgarian general, Head of the General Staff of the Bulgarian Army from 1 January 1904 to 28 March 1907, as well as a general in the Russian Army during the First World War.

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Rafi ibn al-Layth

Rafi ibn al-Layth ibn Nasr ibn Sayyar was a Khurasani Arab noble who led a large-scale rebellion against the Abbasid Caliphate in 806–809.

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Rafi Pitts

Rafi Pitts (رفیع پیتز, born 1967) is an Iranian film director.

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Ramzi Yousef

Ramzi Yousef (رمزي يوسف; born 27 April 1968) is a convicted and incarcerated international terrorist who was one of the main perpetrators of the 1993 World Trade Center bombing, the bombing of Philippine Airlines Flight 434, and was a co-conspirator in the Bojinka plot.

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Rasoul Khadem

Rasul Khadem Azghadi (رسول خادم ازغدی., born March 18, 1972 in Mashhad) is a former Iranian wrestler who has won a Bronze medal in the 1992 Summer Olympics and a gold medal in the 1996 Summer Olympics.

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Razavi Khorasan Province

Razavi Khorasan Province (استان خراسان رضوی, Ostâne Xorâsâne Razavi) is a province located in northeastern Iran.

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Record producer

A record producer or track producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performer's music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album.

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Reza Abbasi

Reza Abbasi, Riza yi-Abbasi or Reza-e Abbasi, رضا عباسی in Persian, usually Reza Abbasi also Aqa Reza (see below) or Āqā Riżā Kāshānī (– 1635) was the leading Persian miniaturist of the Isfahan School during the later Safavid period, spending most of his career working for Shah Abbas I. He is considered to be the last great master of the Persian miniature, best known for his single miniatures for muraqqa or albums, especially single figures of beautiful youths.

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Reza Attaran

Reza Attaran (born 10 May 1968 in Mashhad) is an Iranian actor and director.

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Reza Enayati

Gholamreza Enayati (غلامرضا عنايتى., born 23 September 1976) is a retired Iranian football player and current coach.

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Reza Ghoochannejhad

Reza Ghoochannejhad Nournia (رضا قوچان‌نژاد نورنیا, born 20 September 1987) is an Iranian professional footballer who plays for Heerenveen as a forward, having previously played for Dutch national youth teams and the Iranian national team.

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Reza Kianian

Reza Kianian (رضا کیانیان, born June 19, 1951) is an Iranian actor.

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Reza Shah

Reza Shah Pahlavi (رضا شاه پهلوی;; 15 March 1878 – 26 July 1944) was the Shah of Iran from 15 December 1925 until he was forced to abdicate by the Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran on 16 September 1941.

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Road 22 (Iran)

This road is in northern Iran.

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Road 44 (Iran)

Road 44 is a very important road because many people from Tehran go to Mashhad by this road.

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Road 95 (Iran)

Road 95 is the most important north-south road in eastern Iran.

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Road 97 (Iran)

Road 97 is a road in eastern Iran connecting Mashhad to Taybad.

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Roozonline

Rooz (روز, literally day) is a Persian and English news website.

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Rouzbeh Arghavan

Rouzbeh Arghavan, born May 18, 1988) is a professional Iranian basketball player who currently plays for Petrochimi Bandar Imam of the Iranian Super League and also for the Iranian national basketball team. He is a 7-foot Center.

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Royal Order of Francis I

The Royal Order of Francis I (properly 'The Royal Order of Francis I of the Two Sicilies' Reale Ordine di Francesco I) is an extinct order of merit of the former kingdom of the Two Sicilies.

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Saeed Jalili

Saeed Jalili (سعید جلیلی; born September 1965) is an Iranian conservative politician and diplomat who was secretary of the Supreme National Security Council from 2007 to 2013.

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Saeed Mortazavi

Saeed Mortazavi (سعید مرتضوی, born 1967) is an Iranian conservative politician, former judge and former prosecutor.

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Safavid dynasty

The Safavid dynasty (دودمان صفوی Dudmān e Safavi) was one of the most significant ruling dynasties of Iran, often considered the beginning of modern Iranian history.

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Saffron

Saffron (pronounced or) is a spice derived from the flower of Crocus sativus, commonly known as the "saffron crocus".

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Samen al-Aeme Stadium

The Samen al-Aeme Stadium is a sport venue in the outskirts of Mashhad, Iran.

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Samen Mashhad BC

Samen Mashhad Basketball Club is an Iranian professional basketball club based in Mashhad, Iran.

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Sarakhs

Sarakhs (سرخس, also Romanized as Serakhs) is a city and capital of Sarakhs County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran.

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Science

R. P. Feynman, The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Vol.1, Chaps.1,2,&3.

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Seljuq dynasty

The Seljuq dynasty, or Seljuqs (آل سلجوق Al-e Saljuq), was an Oghuz Turk Sunni Muslim dynasty that gradually became a Persianate society and contributed to the Turco-Persian tradition in the medieval West and Central Asia.

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Semi-arid climate

A semi-arid climate or steppe climate is the climate of a region that receives precipitation below potential evapotranspiration, but not as low as a desert climate.

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Shah

Shah (Šāh, pronounced, "king") is a title given to the emperors, kings, princes and lords of Iran (historically also known as Persia).

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Shah Rukh

Shāh Rukh (شاهرخ Šāhrokh) (August 20, 1377 – March 13, 1447) was the Timurid ruler of the eastern portion of the empire established by his father, Central Asian conqueror Timur (Tamerlane) who founded the Timurid dynasty, governing most of Persia and Transoxiana between 1405 and 1447.

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Shahnameh

The Shahnameh, also transliterated as Shahnama (شاهنامه, "The Book of Kings"), is a long epic poem written by the Persian poet Ferdowsi between c. 977 and 1010 CE and is the national epic of Greater Iran.

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Shahrokh Shah

Shahrokh Mirza Afshar, better known by his dynastic name of Shahrokh Shah (شاهرخ: also spelled Shah Rokh) (c. 1734–1796), was a king of the Afsharid dynasty and a contemporary of the Zand kings.

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Shahrud, Iran

Shahrud (شاهرود, also Romanized as Shâhrūd, Shahrood, and Shahroud; also known as Shârūd) is a city and capital of Shahrud County, Semnan Province, Iran.

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Shandiz

Shandiz (شانديز, also Romanized as Shāndīz; formerly, Shāhī Deh) is a city and capital of Shandiz District, in Torqabeh and Shandiz County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran.

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Sharaf al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī

(c. 1135 – c. 1213) was an Iranian mathematician and astronomer of the Islamic Golden Age (during the Middle Ages).

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Shashlik

Shashlik or shashlyk (شیشلیک – Šišlik, խորոված khorovats, şişlik or tikə kabab, მწვადი mtsvadi, шашлы́к šašlýk, шашли́к šašlýk, szaszłyk, šašliks, šašlykas, şaşlık, שישליק šíšliq, Urdu: شاشلِک śāślik, শাশলিক śāślik), is a name given to a dish of skewered and grilled cubes of meat popular in Eastern Europe, eastern Central Europe, the Baltics, Caucasus, Central Asia and some parts of the Middle East, including Iran, Israel, and Turkey.

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Shaykh Tusi

Shaykh Tusi (شیخ طوسی), full name Abu Jafar Muhammad Ibn Hassan Tusi (ابوجعفر محمد بن حسن طوسی), known as Shaykh al-Taʾifah (شيخ الطائفة) was a prominent Persian scholar of the Twelver school of Shia Islam.

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Shia Islam

Shia (شيعة Shīʿah, from Shīʻatu ʻAlī, "followers of Ali") is a branch of Islam which holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor (Imam), most notably at the event of Ghadir Khumm.

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Shiraz

Shiraz (fa, Šīrāz) is the fifth-most-populous city of Iran and the capital of Fars Province (Old Persian as Pars).

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Shopping mall

A shopping mall is a modern, chiefly North American, term for a form of shopping precinct or shopping center, in which one or more buildings form a complex of shops representing merchandisers with interconnecting walkways that enable customers to walk from unit to unit.

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Silk Road

The Silk Road was an ancient network of trade routes that connected the East and West.

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Singer-songwriter

Singer-songwriters are musicians who write, compose, and perform their own musical material, including lyrics and melodies.

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Sister city

Twin towns or sister cities are a form of legal or social agreement between towns, cities, counties, oblasts, prefectures, provinces, regions, states, and even countries in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.

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Sitting volleyball

Sitting volleyball (sometimes known as paralympic volleyball) is a form of volleyball for athletes with a disability that entered the Paralympic Games as a demonstration sport for athletes with amputations in 1976 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada and played as a medal sport thereafter.

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Solacers

Solacers is a 2012 memoir written by Iranian-American author.

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Sowlat Mortazavi

Sowlat Mortazavi (صولت مرتضوی, born 5 May 1955) is an Iranian conservative politician and the former Mayor of Mashhad.

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Sport Sciences Research Institute of Iran

Sport Sciences Research Institute of Iran is the only national organization in charge of scientific research in the field of Physical Education and Sport Sciences.

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Steel

Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon and other elements.

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Suleiman II of Persia

Mir Sayyed Mohammad Marashi, better known by his dynastic name of Suleiman II (شاه سلیمان), was a Safavid pretender who managed to briefly become ruler of some parts of Iran from 1749 to 1750.

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Sultan Husayn Mirza Bayqara

Sultan Husayn Mirza Bayqara (حسین بایقرا / Husayn Bāyqarā) was born in Herat in June–July 1438 C.E. to Ghiyas ud-din Mansur Mirza son of Bayqarah Mirza I son of Umar Shaikh Mirza I son of Amir Timur Beg Gurkani.

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Sunni Islam

Sunni Islam is the largest denomination of Islam.

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Supreme Leader of Iran

The Supreme Leader of Iran (rahbar-e mo'azzam-e irān), also called the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution (رهبر معظم انقلاب اسلامی), officially in Iran, called the Supreme Leadership Authority (مقام معظم رهبری), is the head of state and highest ranking political and religious authority in the Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Tabriz

Tabriz (تبریز; تبریز) is the most populated city in Iranian Azerbaijan, one of the historical capitals of Iran and the present capital of East Azerbaijan province.

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Takhti Stadium (Mashhad)

The Takhti Stadium formerly known by names as Zibandeh and later Saadabad Stadium, is a multi-purpose stadium in Mashhad, Iran.

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Techno

Techno is a form of electronic dance music that emerged in Detroit, Michigan, in the United States during the mid-to-late 1980s.

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Tehran

Tehran (تهران) is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province.

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Textile

A textile is a flexible material consisting of a network of natural or artificial fibres (yarn or thread).

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The Wall Street Journal

The Wall Street Journal is a U.S. business-focused, English-language international daily newspaper based in New York City.

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Theology

Theology is the critical study of the nature of the divine.

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Timur

Timur (تیمور Temūr, Chagatai: Temür; 9 April 1336 – 18 February 1405), historically known as Amir Timur and Tamerlane (تيمور لنگ Temūr(-i) Lang, "Timur the Lame"), was a Turco-Mongol conqueror.

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Timur Shah Durrani

Timur Shah Durrani, (Pashto, Persian, Urdu, Arabic:; 1748 – May 18, 1793) was the second ruler of the Durrani Empire, from October 16, 1772 until his death in 1793.

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Timurid dynasty

The Timurid dynasty (تیموریان), self-designated as Gurkani (گورکانیان, Gūrkāniyān), was a Sunni Muslim dynasty or clan of Turco-Mongol lineageB.F. Manz, "Tīmūr Lang", in Encyclopaedia of Islam, Online Edition, 2006Encyclopædia Britannica, "", Online Academic Edition, 2007.

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Tomb

A tomb (from τύμβος tumbos) is a repository for the remains of the dead.

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Tomb of Ferdowsi

Tomb of Ferdowsi (آرامگاه فردوسی) is a tomb complex composed of a white marble base, and a decorative edifice erected in honor of the Persian poet Ferdowsi located in Tus, Iran, in Razavi Khorasan province.

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Torbat-e Heydarieh

Torbat-e Heydarieh (تربت حيدريه, also Romanized as Torbat-e Ḩeydarīyeh; also known as Torbat-e Heydari, Turbat-i-Haidari, Torbate Heydari, and Turbet-i-Haidari) is a city and capital of Torbat-e Heydarieh County, in Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran.

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Torqabeh

Torqabeh (طرقبه, also Romanized as Ţorqabeh, Ţoroqbeh, and Torqebeh; also known as Targhobeh) is a city and capital of Torqabeh and Shandiz County, in Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran.

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Tourism

Tourism is travel for pleasure or business; also the theory and practice of touring, the business of attracting, accommodating, and entertaining tourists, and the business of operating tours.

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Track gauge

In rail transport, track gauge is the spacing of the rails on a railway track and is measured between the inner faces of the load-bearing rails.

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Transoxiana

Transoxiana (also spelled Transoxania), known in Arabic sources as (– 'what beyond the river') and in Persian as (فرارود, —'beyond the river'), is the ancient name used for the portion of Central Asia corresponding approximately with modern-day Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, southern Kyrgyzstan, and southwest Kazakhstan.

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Turkey

Turkey (Türkiye), officially the Republic of Turkey (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe.

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Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan (or; Türkmenistan), (formerly known as Turkmenia) is a sovereign state in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north and east, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south and southwest, and the Caspian Sea to the west.

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Turkmens

The Turkmens (Türkmenler, Түркменлер, IPA) are a nation and Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia, primarily the Turkmen nation state of Turkmenistan.

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Tus, Iran

Tus (fa or fa Tus or Tuws), also spelled as Tous, Toos or Tūs, is an ancient city in Razavi Khorasan Province in Iran near Mashhad.

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UNESCO

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; Organisation des Nations unies pour l'éducation, la science et la culture) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) based in Paris.

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UNESCO Mozart Medal

The UNESCO Mozart Medal is an award named after Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and administered by UNESCO.

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Uyghurs

The Uyghurs or Uygurs (as the standard romanisation in Chinese GB 3304-1991) are a Turkic ethnic group who live in East and Central Asia.

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Uzbekistan

Uzbekistan, officially also the Republic of Uzbekistan (Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi), is a doubly landlocked Central Asian Sovereign state.

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Uzbeks

The Uzbeks (Oʻzbek/Ўзбек, pl. Oʻzbeklar/Ўзбеклар) are a Turkic ethnic group; the largest Turkic ethnic group in Central Asia.

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Vizier

A vizier (rarely; وزير wazīr; وازیر vazīr; vezir; Chinese: 宰相 zǎixiàng; উজির ujira; Hindustani (Hindi-Urdu): वज़ीर or وزیر vazeer; Punjabi: ਵਜ਼ੀਰ or وزير vazīra, sometimes spelt vazir, vizir, vasir, wazir, vesir or vezir) is a high-ranking political advisor or minister.

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Volleyball

Volleyball is a team sport in which two teams of six players are separated by a net.

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Wahhabism

Wahhabism (الوهابية) is an Islamic doctrine and religious movement founded by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab.

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Washington, D.C.

Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington or D.C., is the capital of the United States of America.

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Zand dynasty

The Zand dynasty (سلسله زندیه) was an Iranian dynasty of Lak a branch of Lurs origin founded by Karim Khan Zand that initially ruled southern and central Iran in the 18th century.

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Ziarat

Ziarat (زیارت) the capital of Ziarat District, Balochistan Province, Pakistan.

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Zohreh Jooya

Zohreh Jooya (زهره جویا) is a singer born in Mashhad, Iran.

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Zoshk

Zoshk (زشك, also Romanized as Zoshg) is a village in Shandiz Rural District, Shandiz District, Torqabeh and Shandiz County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran.

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25band

25band (Persian: بیست و پنج باند) is an Iranian music band originating from Mashhad, Iran.

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Redirects here:

Azad Shahr, Mashhad, History of Mashhad, Mashad, Mashad, Iran, Mashhad, Iran, Mashhadi, Mashhed, Masshad, Meshad, Iran, Meshed, Meshhed.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mashhad

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