Mitochondrial DNA and NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (H+-translocating)

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Difference between Mitochondrial DNA and NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (H+-translocating)

Mitochondrial DNA vs. NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (H+-translocating)

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA or mDNA) is the DNA located in mitochondria, cellular organelles within eukaryotic cells that convert chemical energy from food into a form that cells can use, adenosine triphosphate (ATP). NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (also referred to as Type I NADH dehydrogenase and mitochondrial Complex I especially in humans) is an enzyme of the respiratory chains of myriad organisms from bacteria to humans.

Adenosine triphosphate

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a complex organic chemical that participates in many processes.

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Cysteine

Cysteine (symbol Cys or C) is a semi-essential proteinogenic amino acid with the formula HO2CCH(NH2)CH2SH.

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Cytochrome c oxidase

The enzyme cytochrome c oxidase or Complex IV, is a large transmembrane protein complex found in bacteria, archaea, and in eukaryotes in their mitochondria.

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Electron transport chain

An electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of complexes that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox (both reduction and oxidation occurring simultaneously) reactions, and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons (H+ ions) across a membrane.

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Human

Humans (taxonomically Homo sapiens) are the only extant members of the subtribe Hominina.

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Mammal

Mammals are the vertebrates within the class Mammalia (from Latin mamma "breast"), a clade of endothermic amniotes distinguished from reptiles (including birds) by the possession of a neocortex (a region of the brain), hair, three middle ear bones, and mammary glands.

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Mitochondrial disease

Mitochondrial diseases are a group of disorders caused by dysfunctional mitochondria, the organelles that generate energy for the cell.

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Mitochondrion

The mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is a double-membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic organisms.

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MT-ND1

NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the mitochondrial gene MT-ND1.

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MT-ND2

Mitochondrially encoded NADH dehydrogenase 2 is protein that in humans is encoded by the mitochondrial gene MT-ND2 gene.

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MT-ND3

Mitochondrially encoded NADH dehydrogenase 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the mitochondrial gene MT-ND3.

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MT-ND4

NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the mitochondrial gene MT-ND4.

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MT-ND4L

NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 4L is a protein that in humans is encoded by the mitochondrial gene MT-ND4L.

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MT-ND5

NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the mitochondrial gene MT-ND5.

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MT-ND6

NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the mitochondrial MT-ND6 gene.

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Reactive oxygen species

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are chemically reactive chemical species containing oxygen.

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