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Moscow Oblast

Index Moscow Oblast

Moscow Oblast (p), or Podmoskovye (p, literally "around/near Moscow"), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). [1]

439 relations: Acer saccharum, Administrative centre, Airport, Alder, American mink, Ammonia, Amphibian, Andrey Yuryevich Vorobyov, Anguis fragilis, Anton Chekhov, Archean, Arkhangelsk, Armenians, Arvicolinae, Aspen, Atheism, Avars (Caucasus), Azerbaijanis, Île-de-France, Badger, Balashikha, Bank vole, Barley, Bashkirs, Bass (fish), Battle of Borodino, Battle of Kulikovo, Battle of Moscow, Beaver, Bee, Beech marten, Belarus, Belarusians, Belgorod, Birch, Black rat, Bog turtle, Bolshoi Theatre, Borovsky District, Bratislava Region, Bream, Brown rat, Bryansk, Bulgarians, Bullfinch, Bykovo Airport, Carboniferous, Carboniferous Limestone, Carp, Cenozoic, ..., Central economic region, Central Federal District, Central Russian Upland, Chechens, Chelyabinsk, Chemical substance, Chernogolovka, Chernozem, China, Chinese sleeper, Chital, Chkalovsky Airport, Christian, Christianity in Russia, Chuvash people, Chuy Region, City Municipality of Ljubljana, City of federal subject significance, Common frog, Common nightingale, Common shrew, Common toad, Constitution of Russia, Corn crake, Coronella, Cretaceous, Cyclone, Cypripedium calceolus, Dacha, Deer, Devonian, Dmitrov, Dmitrovsky District, Moscow Oblast, Dmitry Donskoy, Dolgoprudnenskoe Scientific Production Plant, Dolomite, Dubna, Dubna River (Volga basin), Dzerzhinsky, Moscow Oblast, East European Craton, Eastern Orthodox Church, Edible dormouse, Elektrostal, Elektrougli, Elm, Energia (corporation), Energy, Erosion, Esox, Eurasian harvest mouse, Eurasian pygmy shrew, Eurasian water shrew, European bison, European fire-bellied toad, European green toad, European hare, European mink, European mole, European polecat, European water vole, Federal cities of Russia, Federal city, Federal subjects of Russia, Fedoskino miniature, Field vole, Finno-Ugric peoples, Floodplain, Flower, Flying squirrel, Food, Formaldehyde, France, French invasion of Russia, Fryazino, Georgians, Germans, Gneiss, Golitsyno, Moscow Oblast, Governor, Governor of Moscow Oblast, Governorate (Russia), Grand Duchy of Moscow, Granite, Grass snake, Great crested grebe, Great jerboa, Grebe, Greeks, Grey heron, Gzhel, Hazel, Hazel dormouse, Horticulture, House mouse, Humid continental climate, Hydrogen fluoride, Indonesia, Industrialisation, Iron Age, Iron ore, Irreligion, Islam, Islam in Russia, Istra, Istrinsky District, Moscow Oblast, Ivanteyevka, Moscow Oblast, Jews, Jiangsu, Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery, Jurassic, Kaluga, Kaluga Governorate, Kaluga Oblast, Kamov, Kamov Ka-50, Karst, Kashira Power Plant, Kasimov, Kazakhs, Khimki, Kiev, Klimovsk, Klin, Klinsky District, Moscow Oblast, Klinsky District, Klyazma River, Kolomensky District, Kolomna, Kolomna Locomotive Works, Koreans, Korolyov, Moscow Oblast, Kotelniki, Krasnoarmeysk, Moscow Oblast, Krasnodar, Krasnogorsk, Moscow Oblast, Krasnoznamensk, Moscow Oblast, Kubinka, Kyrgyzstan, Lama River, Late Pleistocene, Lavochkin, Leninsky District, Moscow Oblast, Lesser white-toothed shrew, Lezgins, LG Corporation, LiAZ (Russia), Light industry, Lignite, Likino-Dulyovo, Lime (fruit), Limestone, List of federal subjects of Russia by population, List of rural localities in Moscow Oblast, List of Russian bandy champions, Lithuanians, Livestock, Loam, Lobnya, Lopasnya River, Losiny Ostrov National Park, Lukhovitsky District, Lukhovitsy, Lyuberetsky District, Lyubertsy, M1 highway (Russia), M10 highway (Russia), M2 highway (Russia), M3 highway (Russia), M4 highway (Russia), M5 highway (Russia), M7 highway (Russia), M8 highway (Russia), M9 highway (Russia), Maloyaroslavetsky District, Maple, Mari people, Marl, Marsh frog, Marten, Mechanical engineering, Meshchera Lowlands, Mesozoic, Metallurgy, Metrowagonmash, Middle Pleistocene, Ministry of Defence (Russia), Mission control center, MKB Fakel, MKB Raduga, Moldovans, Mongol invasion of Rus', Moor frog, Moose, Moraine, Mordvins, Morena, Moscow, Moscow Canal, Moscow Domodedovo Airport, Moscow Governorate, Moscow Oblast Duma, Moscow Oblast gubernatorial election, 2013, Moscow Ring Road, Moskovsky, Moscow, Moskva River, Mountain hare, Mozhaysk, Mozhaysky District, Moscow Oblast, Municipal divisions of Russia, Muranovo, Mushroom, Muskrat, Myachkovo, Moscow Oblast, Mytishchi, Nara River, Naro-Fominsk, Naro-Fominsky District, Nizhny Novgorod, Noginsk, Nondenominational Christianity, Northern birch mouse, Northern crested newt, Northern lapwing, NPO Bazalt, NPP Zvezda, Oak, Oat, Oblast, Obninsk, Obukhovo, Noginsky District, Moscow Oblast, Oil refinery, Oka River, Okrug, Old Believers, Order of Lenin, Orekhovo-Zuyevo, Ossetians, Ostafyevo International Airport, Otter, Palembang, Paleozoic, Pavlovsky Posad, Peat, Pelobates fuscus, Perch, Peresvet, Peter the Great, Petushinsky District, Phazotron, Phenol, Phosphate, Pine, Pinophyta, Pleistocene, Podolsk, Podolsky District, Podzol, Principality of Ryazan, Prioksko-Terrasny Nature Reserve, Proterozoic, Protva River, Protvino, Pumped-storage hydroelectricity, Pushchino, Pushkino, Pushkinsky District, Moscow Oblast, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, Quartz, Quartzite, Quaternary, Raccoon dog, Raion, Ramensky District, Recreation, Red deer, Reutov, Riga, Rink bandy, Roe deer, Romani people, Roslavl, Rostov-on-Don, Ruff, Ruffed grouse, Russia, Russian Bandy Super League, Russian Census (2002), Russian Census (2010), Russian desman, Russian Federal State Statistics Service, Russian Orthodox Church, Russian route A130, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russians, Rutilus, Ruzsky District, Ryazan Governorate, Ryazan Oblast, Rye, Saint Petersburg, Sand lizard, Sandstone, Savvino-Storozhevsky Monastery, SeAZ, Senezh Lake, Serebryano-Prudsky District, Serebryanye Prudy, Sergey Shoygu, Sergiyev Posad, Sergiyevo-Posadsky District, Serpukhov, Serpukhovsky District, Sestra River (Moscow Oblast), Shapkino, Shatura Power Station, Shatursky District, Shchyolkovo, Sheremetyevo International Airport, Shosha River, Shrew, Siberian roe deer, Slavic Native Faith, Slavs, Slovakia, Slovenia, Smolensk Oblast, Smooth newt, Solnechnogorsk, Soviet Census (1989), Speckled ground squirrel, Spiritual but not religious, Spruce, Staraya Kupavna, Stoat, Swamp, Tajiks, Tatars, Tertiary, Thermal Power Plant 27, Thrush (bird), Tikhomirov Scientific Research Institute of Instrument Design, Tomilino, Town of district significance, Tributary, Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius, Troitsk, Moscow, Tuff, Tula Governorate, Tula Oblast, Tundra vole, TVEL, Tver, Tver Governorate, Tver Oblast, Tyoply Stan District, Udmurt people, Ufa, Ugresha Monastery, Ukrainians, Urban-type settlement, Uzbeks, Veliky Novgorod, Vereya, Naro-Fominsky District, Moscow Oblast, Vidnoye, Moscow Oblast, Vipera berus, Viviparous lizard, Vladimir Oblast, Vladimir-Suzdal, Vnukovo International Airport, Volga Hydroelectric Station, Volga River, Volokolamsk, Voronezh, Voskresensk, Moscow Oblast, Voskresensky District, Moscow Oblast, Water caltrop, Weasel, White stork, Wood mouse, World War II, Yaroslavl Oblast, Yegoryevsk, Yellow-necked mouse, Yubileyny, Moscow Oblast, Zaraysk, Zhostovo painting, Zhukovsky, Moscow Oblast, Zorky Krasnogorsk, Zvenigorod, 2008 European Speed Skating Championships, 2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves, 2016 World Single Distance Speed Skating Championships. 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Acer saccharum

Acer saccharum, the sugar maple or rock maple, is a species of maple native to the hardwood forests of eastern Canada, from Nova Scotia west through Quebec and southern Ontario to southeastern Manitoba around Lake of the Woods, and the northern parts of the Central and Eastern United States, from Minnesota eastward to the highlands of the eastern states.

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Administrative centre

An administrative centre is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune is located.

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Airport

An airport is an aerodrome with extended facilities, mostly for commercial air transport.

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Alder

Alder is the common name of a genus of flowering plants (Alnus) belonging to the birch family Betulaceae.

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American mink

The American mink (Neovison vison) is a semiaquatic species of mustelid native to North America, though human intervention has expanded its range to many parts of Europe and South America.

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Ammonia

Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3.

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Amphibian

Amphibians are ectothermic, tetrapod vertebrates of the class Amphibia.

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Andrey Yuryevich Vorobyov

Andrey Yuryevich Vorobyov (p, born April 14, 1970 in Krasnoyarsk, Russia) is governor of Moscow Oblast, former head of the United Russia faction and one of the vice presidents of the State Duma.

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Anguis fragilis

Anguis fragilis, the slowworm, is a legless lizard native to Eurasia.

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Anton Chekhov

Anton Pavlovich Chekhov (ɐnˈton ˈpavɫəvʲɪtɕ ˈtɕɛxəf; 29 January 1860 – 15 July 1904) was a Russian playwright and short-story writer, who is considered to be among the greatest writers of short fiction in history.

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Archean

The Archean Eon (also spelled Archaean or Archæan) is one of the four geologic eons of Earth history, occurring (4 to 2.5 billion years ago).

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Arkhangelsk

Arkhangelsk (p), also known in English as Archangel and Archangelsk, is a city and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, in the north of European Russia.

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Armenians

Armenians (հայեր, hayer) are an ethnic group native to the Armenian Highlands.

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Arvicolinae

The Arvicolinae are a subfamily of rodents that includes the voles, lemmings, and muskrats.

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Aspen

Aspen is a common name for certain tree species; some, but not all, are classified by botanists in the section ''Populus'', of the Populus genus.

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Atheism

Atheism is, in the broadest sense, the absence of belief in the existence of deities.

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Avars (Caucasus)

The Avars (аварал / магIарулал, awaral / maⱨarulal; "mountaineers" constitute a Caucasus native ethnic group, the most predominant of several ethnic groups living in the Russian republic of Dagestan. The Avars reside in a region known as the North Caucasus between the Black and Caspian Seas. Alongside other ethnic groups in the North Caucasus region, the Caucasian Avars live in ancient villages located approximately 2,000 m above sea level. The Avar language spoken by the Caucasian Avars belongs to the family of Northeast Caucasian languages and is also known as Nakh–Dagestanian. Sunni Islam has been the prevailing religion of the Avars since the 13th century.

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Azerbaijanis

Azerbaijanis or Azeris (Azərbaycanlılar آذربایجانلیلار, Azərilər آذریلر), also known as Azerbaijani Turks (Azərbaycan türkləri آذربایجان تورکلری), are a Turkic ethnic group living mainly in the Iranian region of Azerbaijan and the sovereign (former Soviet) Republic of Azerbaijan.

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Île-de-France

Île-de-France ("Island of France"), also known as the région parisienne ("Parisian Region"), is one of the 18 regions of France and includes the city of Paris.

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Badger

Badgers are short-legged omnivores in the family Mustelidae, which also includes the otters, polecats, weasels, and wolverines.

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Balashikha

Balashikha (p) is a city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Pekhorka River east of Moscow Ring Road.

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Bank vole

The bank vole (Myodes glareolus; formerly Clethrionomys glareolus) is a small vole with red-brown fur and some grey patches, with a tail about half as long as its body.

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Barley

Barley (Hordeum vulgare), a member of the grass family, is a major cereal grain grown in temperate climates globally.

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Bashkirs

The Bashkirs (Башҡорттар, Başqorttar,; Башкиры, Baškiry) are a Turkic ethnic group, indigenous to Bashkortostan and to the historical region of Badzhgard, extending on both sides of the Ural Mountains, in the area where Eastern Europe meets North Asia.

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Bass (fish)

Bass is a name shared by many species of fish.

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Battle of Borodino

The Battle of Borodino (la Moskova) was a battle fought on 7 September 1812 in the Napoleonic Wars during the French invasion of Russia.

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Battle of Kulikovo

The Battle of Kulikovo (Мамаево побоище, Донское побоище, Куликовская битва, битва на Куликовом поле) was fought between the armies of the Golden Horde under the command of Mamai, and various Russian principalities under the united command of Prince Dmitry of Moscow.

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Battle of Moscow

The Battle of Moscow (translit) was a military campaign that consisted of two periods of strategically significant fighting on a sector of the Eastern Front during World War II.

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Beaver

The beaver (genus Castor) is a large, primarily nocturnal, semiaquatic rodent.

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Bee

Bees are flying insects closely related to wasps and ants, known for their role in pollination and, in the case of the best-known bee species, the European honey bee, for producing honey and beeswax.

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Beech marten

The beech marten (Martes foina), also known as the stone marten, house marten or white breasted marten, is a species of marten native to much of Europe and Central Asia, though it has established a feral population in North America.

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Belarus

Belarus (Беларусь, Biełaruś,; Беларусь, Belarus'), officially the Republic of Belarus (Рэспубліка Беларусь; Республика Беларусь), formerly known by its Russian name Byelorussia or Belorussia (Белоруссия, Byelorussiya), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe bordered by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest.

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Belarusians

Belarusians (беларусы, biełarusy, or Byelorussians (from the Byelorussian SSR), are an East Slavic ethnic group who are native to modern-day Belarus and the immediate region. There are over 9.5 million people who proclaim Belarusian ethnicity worldwide, with the overwhelming majority residing either in Belarus or the adjacent countries where they are an autochthonous minority.

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Belgorod

Belgorod (p) is a city and the administrative center of Belgorod Oblast, Russia, located on the Seversky Donets River north of the border with Ukraine.

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Birch

A birch is a thin-leaved deciduous hardwood tree of the genus Betula, in the family Betulaceae, which also includes alders, hazels, and hornbeams.

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Black rat

The black rat (Rattus rattus), also known as the ship rat, roof rat, house rat, is a common long-tailed rodent of the genus Rattus (rats) in the subfamily Murinae.

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Bog turtle

The bog turtle (Glyptemys muhlenbergii) is a critically endangered species of semiaquatic turtle endemic to the eastern United States.

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Bolshoi Theatre

The Bolshoi Theatre (p) is a historic theatre in Moscow, Russia, originally designed by architect Joseph Bové, which holds ballet and opera performances.

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Borovsky District

Borovsky District (Боровский райо́н) is an administrativeCharter of Kaluga Oblast and municipalLaw #7-OZ district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Kaluga Oblast, Russia.

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Bratislava Region

The Bratislava Region (Bratislavský kraj.) is one of the administrative regions of Slovakia.

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Bream

Bream is a general term for a species of freshwater and marine fish belonging to a variety of genera including Abramis (e.g., A. brama, the common bream), Acanthopagrus, Argyrops, Blicca, Brama, Chilotilapia, Etelis, Lepomis, Gymnocranius, Lethrinus, Nemipterus, Pharyngochromis, Rhabdosargus, or Scolopsis.

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Brown rat

The brown rat (Rattus norvegicus), also known as the common rat, street rat, sewer rat, Hanover rat, Norway rat, Norwegian rat, Parisian rat or wharf rat, is one of the best known and most common rats.

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Bryansk

Bryansk (p) is a city and the administrative center of Bryansk Oblast, Russia, located southwest of Moscow.

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Bulgarians

Bulgarians (българи, Bǎlgari) are a South Slavic ethnic group who are native to Bulgaria and its neighboring regions.

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Bullfinch

Bullfinch is a name given to two groups of passerine birds.

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Bykovo Airport

Bykovo Airport (Аэропорт Быково) was a small regional airport serving Moscow, Russia.

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Carboniferous

The Carboniferous is a geologic period and system that spans 60 million years from the end of the Devonian Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Permian Period, Mya.

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Carboniferous Limestone

Carboniferous Limestone is a collective term for the succession of limestones occurring widely throughout Great Britain and Ireland that were deposited during the Dinantian Epoch of the Carboniferous Period.

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Carp

Carp are various species of oily freshwater fish from the family Cyprinidae, a very large group of fish native to Europe and Asia.

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Cenozoic

The Cenozoic Era meaning "new life", is the current and most recent of the three Phanerozoic geological eras, following the Mesozoic Era and, extending from 66 million years ago to the present day.

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Central economic region

Central Economic Region (Центра́льный экономи́ческий райо́н, Tsentralny ekonomichesky rayon) is one of twelve economic regions of Russia.

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Central Federal District

The Central Federal District (p) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia.

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Central Russian Upland

The Central Russian Upland (also Central Upland and East European Upland) is an upland area of the East European Plain and is an undulating plateau with an average elevation of.

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Chechens

Chechens (Нохчий; Old Chechen: Нахчой Naxçoy) are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group of the Nakh peoples originating in the North Caucasus region of Eastern Europe.

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Chelyabinsk

Chelyabinsk (a) is a city and the administrative center of Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia, located in the northeast of the oblast, south of Yekaterinburg, just to the east of the Ural Mountains, on the Miass River, on the border of Europe and Asia.

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Chemical substance

A chemical substance, also known as a pure substance, is a form of matter that consists of molecules of the same composition and structure.

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Chernogolovka

Chernogolovka (Черноголо́вка) is a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located northeast from Moscow border.

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Chernozem

Chernozem (r; "black soil") is a black-colored soil containing a high percentage of humus (4% to 16%), and high percentages of phosphoric acids, phosphorus and ammonia.

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China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.

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Chinese sleeper

The Chinese sleeper (Perccottus glenii), also known as the Amur sleeper, is a species of freshwater sleeper native to Amur River basin in eastern Asia with introduced populations in other regions of Eurasia.

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Chital

The chital or cheetal (Axis axis), also known as spotted deer or axis deer, is a species of deer that is native in the Indian subcontinent.

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Chkalovsky Airport

Chkalovsky Airport, is a military airport base near Shchyolkovo, Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Christian

A Christian is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.

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Christianity in Russia

Christianity in Russia is by some estimates the largest religion in the country, with nearly 50% of the population identifying as Christian.

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Chuvash people

The Chuvash people (чăваш,; чуваши) are a Turkic ethnic group, native to an area stretching from the Volga Region to Siberia.

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Chuy Region

Chuy Region or Chui Region (Kyrgyz: Чүй облусу, Çüy oblusu; Чуйская область, Čujskaja oblastj) is the northernmost region (oblast) of the Kyrgyz Republic.

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City Municipality of Ljubljana

The City Municipality of Ljubljana, also the City of Ljubljana (Mestna občina Ljubljana, acronym MOL) is one of eleven city municipalities in Slovenia.

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City of federal subject significance

City of federal subject significance is an umbrella term used to refer to a type of an administrative division of a federal subject of Russia which is equal in status to a district but is organized around a large city; occasionally with surrounding rural territories.

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Common frog

The common frog (Rana temporaria), also known as the European common frog, European common brown frog, European grass frog, or simply a frog, is a semi-aquatic amphibian of the family Ranidae, found throughout much of Europe as far north as Scandinavia and as far east as the Urals, except for most of Iberia, southern Italy, and the southern Balkans.

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Common nightingale

The common nightingale or simply nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos), also known as rufous nightingale, is a small passerine bird best known for its powerful and beautiful song.

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Common shrew

The common shrew (Sorex araneus) or Eurasian shrew is the most common shrew, and one of the most common mammals, throughout Northern Europe, including Great Britain, but excluding Ireland.

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Common toad

The common toad, European toad, or in Anglophone parts of Europe, simply the toad (Bufo bufo, from Latin bufo "toad"), is an amphibian found throughout most of Europe (with the exception of Ireland, Iceland, and some Mediterranean islands), in the western part of North Asia, and in a small portion of Northwest Africa.

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Constitution of Russia

The current Constitution of the Russian Federation (Конституция Российской Федерации, Konstitutsiya Rossiyskoy Federatsii) was adopted by national referendum on.

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Corn crake

The corn crake, corncrake or landrail (Crex crex) is a bird in the rail family.

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Coronella

Coronella is a genus of harmless colubrids found in Europe, North Africa and West Asia.

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Cretaceous

The Cretaceous is a geologic period and system that spans 79 million years from the end of the Jurassic Period million years ago (mya) to the beginning of the Paleogene Period mya.

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Cyclone

In meteorology, a cyclone is a large scale air mass that rotates around a strong center of low atmospheric pressure.

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Cypripedium calceolus

Cypripedium calceolus is a lady's-slipper orchid, and the type species of the genus Cypripedium.

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Dacha

A dacha (a) is a seasonal or year-round second home, often located in the exurbs of Russian and other post-Soviet cities.

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Deer

Deer (singular and plural) are the ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae.

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Devonian

The Devonian is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic, spanning 60 million years from the end of the Silurian, million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Carboniferous, Mya.

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Dmitrov

Dmitrov (p) is a town and the administrative center of Dmitrovsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located to the north of Moscow on the Yakhroma River and the Moscow Canal.

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Dmitrovsky District, Moscow Oblast

Dmitrovsky District (Дми́тровский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #11/2013-OZ and municipalLaw #74/2005-OZ district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Dmitry Donskoy

Saint Dmitry Ivanovich Donskoy (Дми́трий Ива́нович Донско́й, also known as Dimitrii or Demetrius), or Dmitry of the Don, sometimes referred to simply as Dmitry (12 October 1350 in Moscow – 19 May 1389 in Moscow), son of Ivan II the Fair of Moscow (1326–1359), reigned as the Prince of Moscow from 1359 and Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1363 to his death.

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Dolgoprudnenskoe Scientific Production Plant

OJSC Dolgoprudnenskoye Scientific Production Plant (also translated as Dolgoprudny Research Production Enterprise, Долгопрудненское научно-производственное предприятие) or DNPP for short is a Soviet/Russian designer and mass producer of surface-to-air missiles located in the city of Dolgoprudny, Moscow Oblast.

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Dolomite

Dolomite is an anhydrous carbonate mineral composed of calcium magnesium carbonate, ideally The term is also used for a sedimentary carbonate rock composed mostly of the mineral dolomite.

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Dubna

Dubna (p) is a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Dubna River (Volga basin)

Dubna is a river in Vladimir Oblast and Moscow Oblast in Russia, a right tributary of the Volga.

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Dzerzhinsky, Moscow Oblast

Dzerzhinsky (Дзержи́нский) is a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the bank of the Moskva River, south of the city of Lyubertsy.

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East European Craton

The East European Craton (EEC) is the core of the Baltica proto-plate and consists of three crustal regions/segments: Fennoscandia to the northwest, Volgo-Uralia to the east, and Sarmatia to the south.

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Eastern Orthodox Church

The Eastern Orthodox Church, also known as the Orthodox Church, or officially as the Orthodox Catholic Church, is the second-largest Christian Church, with over 250 million members.

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Edible dormouse

The edible dormouse or fat dormouse (Glis glis) is a large dormouse and the only living species in the genus Glis, found in most of western Europe.

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Elektrostal

Elektrostal (Электроста́ль, from Russian Электро (Elektro), lit: Electric and Сталь (Stal), lit: Steel) is a city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located east of Moscow.

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Elektrougli

Elektrougli (Электроу́гли) is a town in Noginsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Moscow–Nizhny Novgorod railway, east of Moscow and southeast of Noginsk, the administrative center of the district.

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Elm

Elms are deciduous and semi-deciduous trees comprising the flowering plant genus Ulmus in the plant family Ulmaceae.

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Energia (corporation)

PAO S. P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia (Raketno-kosmicheskaya korporatsiya “Energiya” im.), also known as RSC Energia (РКК «Энергия», RKK “Energiya”), is a Russian manufacturer of ballistic missile, spacecraft and space station components.

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Energy

In physics, energy is the quantitative property that must be transferred to an object in order to perform work on, or to heat, the object.

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Erosion

In earth science, erosion is the action of surface processes (such as water flow or wind) that remove soil, rock, or dissolved material from one location on the Earth's crust, and then transport it to another location (not to be confused with weathering which involves no movement).

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Esox

Esox is a genus of freshwater fish, the only living genus in the family Esocidae—the esocids which were endemic to North America and Eurasia during the Paleogene through present.

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Eurasian harvest mouse

The harvest mouse (Micromys minutus) is a small rodent native to Europe and Asia.

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Eurasian pygmy shrew

The Eurasian pygmy shrew (Sorex minutus), often known simply as the pygmy shrew, is a widespread shrew of northern Eurasia.

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Eurasian water shrew

The Eurasian water shrew (Neomys fodiens), known in the United Kingdom as the water shrew, is a relatively large shrew, up to long, with a tail up to three-quarters as long again.

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European bison

The European bison (Bison bonasus), also known as wisent or the European wood bison, is a Eurasian species of bison.

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European fire-bellied toad

The European fire-bellied toad (Bombina bombina) is a fire-bellied toad native to mainland Europe.

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European green toad

The European green toad (Bufo viridis) is a species of toad found in mainland Europe.

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European hare

The European hare (Lepus europaeus), also known as the brown hare, is a species of hare native to Europe and parts of Asia.

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European mink

The European mink (Mustela lutreola), also known as the Russian mink, and Eurasian mink is a semiaquatic species of mustelid native to Europe.

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European mole

The European mole (Talpa europaea) is a mammal of the order Eulipotyphla.

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European polecat

The European polecat (Mustela putorius) – also known as the common ferret, black or forest polecat, or fitch (as well as some other names) – is a species of mustelid native to western Eurasia and north Morocco.

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European water vole

The European water vole or northern water vole (Arvicola amphibius, included in synonymy: A. terrestris), is a semiaquatic rodent.

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Federal cities of Russia

A city of federal importance (r) or federal city in Russia is a city that has a status of both an inhabited locality and a constituent federal subject.

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Federal city

The term federal city (Bundesstadt in German) is a title for certain cities in Germany, Switzerland, the Russian Federation, India, and the United States.

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Federal subjects of Russia

The federal subjects of Russia, also referred to as the subjects of the Russian Federation (субъекты Российской Федерации subyekty Rossiyskoy Federatsii) or simply as the subjects of the federation (субъекты федерации subyekty federatsii), are the constituent entities of Russia, its top-level political divisions according to the Constitution of Russia.

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Fedoskino miniature

Fedoskino miniature (федоскинская миниатюра) is a traditional Russian lacquer miniature painting on papier-mache, named after its original center Fedoskino (Федоскино), an old village near Moscow widely known from the late 18th century.

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Field vole

The field vole or short-tailed vole (Microtus agrestis) is a grey-brown vole, around four inches (ten centimetres) in length, with a short tail.

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Finno-Ugric peoples

The Finno-Ugric peoples are any of several peoples of North-West Eurasia who speak languages of the Finno-Ugric group of the Uralic language family, such as the Khanty, Mansi, Hungarians, Maris, Mordvins, Sámi, Estonians, Karelians, Finns, Udmurts and Komis.

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Floodplain

A floodplain or flood plain is an area of land adjacent to a stream or river which stretches from the banks of its channel to the base of the enclosing valley walls, and which experiences flooding during periods of high discharge.

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Flower

A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Magnoliophyta, also called angiosperms).

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Flying squirrel

Flying squirrels (scientifically known as Pteromyini or Petauristini) are a tribe of 50 species of squirrels in the family Sciuridae.

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Food

Food is any substance consumed to provide nutritional support for an organism.

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Formaldehyde

No description.

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France

France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.

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French invasion of Russia

The French invasion of Russia, known in Russia as the Patriotic War of 1812 (Отечественная война 1812 года Otechestvennaya Voyna 1812 Goda) and in France as the Russian Campaign (Campagne de Russie), began on 24 June 1812 when Napoleon's Grande Armée crossed the Neman River in an attempt to engage and defeat the Russian army.

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Fryazino

Fryazino (p) is a scientific town in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Lyuboseyevka River (Vorya's tributary) northeast of the city of Moscow.

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Georgians

The Georgians or Kartvelians (tr) are a nation and Caucasian ethnic group native to Georgia.

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Germans

Germans (Deutsche) are a Germanic ethnic group native to Central Europe, who share a common German ancestry, culture and history.

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Gneiss

Gneiss is a common distributed type of rock formed by high-grade regional metamorphic processes from pre-existing formations that were originally either igneous or sedimentary rocks.

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Golitsyno, Moscow Oblast

Golitsyno (Голи́цыно) is a town in Odintsovsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia, located west of Moscow.

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Governor

A governor is, in most cases, a public official with the power to govern the executive branch of a non-sovereign or sub-national level of government, ranking under the head of state.

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Governor of Moscow Oblast

The Governor of Moscow Oblast (Губернатор Московской области) is the head of the Moscow Oblast and head of the Executive authority in the Moscow Oblast, the region that almost surrounds Moscow.

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Governorate (Russia)

A governorate, or a guberniya (p; also romanized gubernia, guberniia, gubernya), was a major and principal administrative subdivision of the Russian Empire and the early Russian SFSR and Ukrainian SSR.

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Grand Duchy of Moscow

The Grand Duchy or Grand Principality of Moscow (Великое Княжество Московское, Velikoye Knyazhestvo Moskovskoye), also known in English simply as Muscovy from the Moscovia, was a late medieval Russian principality centered on Moscow and the predecessor state of the early modern Tsardom of Russia.

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Granite

Granite is a common type of felsic intrusive igneous rock that is granular and phaneritic in texture.

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Grass snake

The grass snake (Natrix natrix), sometimes called the ringed snake or water snake, is a Eurasian non-venomous snake.

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Great crested grebe

The great crested grebe (Podiceps cristatus) is a member of the grebe family of water birds noted for its elaborate mating display.

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Great jerboa

The great jerboa (Allactaga major) is a species of rodent in the family Dipodidae.

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Grebe

A grebe is a member of the order Podicipediformes and the only type of bird associated with this order.

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Greeks

The Greeks or Hellenes (Έλληνες, Éllines) are an ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Albania, Italy, Turkey, Egypt and, to a lesser extent, other countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. They also form a significant diaspora, with Greek communities established around the world.. Greek colonies and communities have been historically established on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea, but the Greek people have always been centered on the Aegean and Ionian seas, where the Greek language has been spoken since the Bronze Age.. Until the early 20th century, Greeks were distributed between the Greek peninsula, the western coast of Asia Minor, the Black Sea coast, Cappadocia in central Anatolia, Egypt, the Balkans, Cyprus, and Constantinople. Many of these regions coincided to a large extent with the borders of the Byzantine Empire of the late 11th century and the Eastern Mediterranean areas of ancient Greek colonization. The cultural centers of the Greeks have included Athens, Thessalonica, Alexandria, Smyrna, and Constantinople at various periods. Most ethnic Greeks live nowadays within the borders of the modern Greek state and Cyprus. The Greek genocide and population exchange between Greece and Turkey nearly ended the three millennia-old Greek presence in Asia Minor. Other longstanding Greek populations can be found from southern Italy to the Caucasus and southern Russia and Ukraine and in the Greek diaspora communities in a number of other countries. Today, most Greeks are officially registered as members of the Greek Orthodox Church.CIA World Factbook on Greece: Greek Orthodox 98%, Greek Muslim 1.3%, other 0.7%. Greeks have greatly influenced and contributed to culture, arts, exploration, literature, philosophy, politics, architecture, music, mathematics, science and technology, business, cuisine, and sports, both historically and contemporarily.

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Grey heron

The grey heron (Ardea cinerea) is a long-legged predatory wading bird of the heron family, Ardeidae, native throughout temperate Europe and Asia and also parts of Africa.

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Gzhel

Gzhel is a Russian style of ceramics which takes its name from the village of Gzhel and surrounding area, where it has been produced since 1802.

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Hazel

The hazel (Corylus) is a genus of deciduous trees and large shrubs native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere.

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Hazel dormouse

The hazel dormouse or common dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius) is a small mammal and the only living species in the genus Muscardinus.

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Horticulture

Horticulture is the science and art of growing plants (fruits, vegetables, flowers, and any other cultivar).

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House mouse

The house mouse (Mus musculus) is a small mammal of the order Rodentia, characteristically having a pointed snout, small rounded ears, and a long naked or almost hairless tail.

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Humid continental climate

A humid continental climate (Köppen prefix D and a third letter of a or b) is a climatic region defined by Russo-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1900, which is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold in the northern areas) winters.

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Hydrogen fluoride

Hydrogen fluoride is a chemical compound with the chemical formula.

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Indonesia

Indonesia (or; Indonesian), officially the Republic of Indonesia (Republik Indonesia), is a transcontinental unitary sovereign state located mainly in Southeast Asia, with some territories in Oceania.

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Industrialisation

Industrialisation or industrialization is the period of social and economic change that transforms a human group from an agrarian society into an industrial society, involving the extensive re-organisation of an economy for the purpose of manufacturing.

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Iron Age

The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three-age system, preceded by the Stone Age (Neolithic) and the Bronze Age.

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Iron ore

Iron ores are rocks and minerals from which metallic iron can be economically extracted.

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Irreligion

Irreligion (adjective form: non-religious or irreligious) is the absence, indifference, rejection of, or hostility towards religion.

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Islam

IslamThere are ten pronunciations of Islam in English, differing in whether the first or second syllable has the stress, whether the s is or, and whether the a is pronounced, or (when the stress is on the first syllable) (Merriam Webster).

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Islam in Russia

Islam is the second most widely professed religion in Russia, encompassing somewhere between 7% and 15% of all Russians.

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Istra, Istrinsky District, Moscow Oblast

Istra (И́стра) is a town and the administrative center of Istrinsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Istra River, west of Moscow, on the Moscow–Riga railway.

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Ivanteyevka, Moscow Oblast

Ivanteyevka (Иванте́евка) is a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Ucha River northeast of Moscow.

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Jews

Jews (יְהוּדִים ISO 259-3, Israeli pronunciation) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and a nation, originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The people of the Kingdom of Israel and the ethnic and religious group known as the Jewish people that descended from them have been subjected to a number of forced migrations in their history" and Hebrews of the Ancient Near East.

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Jiangsu

Jiangsu, formerly romanized as Kiangsu, is an eastern-central coastal province of the People's Republic of China.

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Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery

Joseph Volokolamsk Monastery (Иосифо-Волоколамский монастырь, Волоцкий Успенский Иосифов монастырь in Russian) is a monastery for men, located 17 km northeast of Volokolamsk, Moscow Oblast.

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Jurassic

The Jurassic (from Jura Mountains) was a geologic period and system that spanned 56 million years from the end of the Triassic Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Cretaceous Period Mya.

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Kaluga

Kaluga (p) is a city and the administrative center of Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the Oka River southwest of Moscow.

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Kaluga Governorate

Kaluga Governorate (1796—1929) was a governorate of the Russian Empire and the RSFSR.

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Kaluga Oblast

Kaluga Oblast (Калу́жская о́бласть, Kaluzhskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Kamov

Kamov JSC (Камов) is a Russian rotorcraft manufacturing company based in Lyubertsy, Russia.

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Kamov Ka-50

The Kamov Ka-50 "Black Shark" (translit, NATO reporting name: Hokum A) is a single-seat Russian attack helicopter with the distinctive coaxial rotor system of the Kamov design bureau.

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Karst

Karst is a topography formed from the dissolution of soluble rocks such as limestone, dolomite, and gypsum.

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Kashira Power Plant

Kashira Power Plant is a coal-fired power plant at Kashira in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Kasimov

Kasimov (Касимов; Касыйм; historically Xankirmän, Gorodets Meshchyorsky, Novy Nizovoy) is a town in Ryazan Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Oka River.

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Kazakhs

The Kazakhs (also spelled Kazaks, Qazaqs; Қазақ, Qazaq, قازاق, Qazaqtar, Қазақтар, قازاقتار; the English name is transliterated from Russian) are a Turkic people who mainly inhabit the southern part of Eastern Europe and the Ural mountains and northern parts of Central Asia (largely Kazakhstan, but also parts of Uzbekistan, China, Russia and Mongolia), the region also known as the Eurasian sub-continent.

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Khimki

Khimki (p) is a city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, 30 kilometres northwest of central Moscow.

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Kiev

Kiev or Kyiv (Kyiv; Kiyev; Kyjev) is the capital and largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper.

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Klimovsk

Klimovsk (p) is a microdistrict of Podolsk in Podolsk Urban Okrug, Moscow Oblast, Russia, located south of Moscow and south of Podolsk.

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Klin, Klinsky District, Moscow Oblast

Klin (Клин, lit. a wedge) is a town and the administrative center of Klinsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located northwest of Moscow.

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Klinsky District

Klinsky District (Кли́нский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #11/2013-OZ and municipalLaw #80/2005-OZ district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Klyazma River

The Klyazma River is a river in the Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Ivanovo and Vladimir Oblasts in Russia, a left tributary of the Oka River.

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Kolomensky District

Kolomensky District (Коло́менский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #11/2013-OZ and municipalLaw #43/2005-OZ district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Kolomna

Kolomna (p) is an ancient city of Moscow Oblast, Russia, situated at the confluence of the Moskva and Oka Rivers, (by rail) southeast of Moscow.

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Kolomna Locomotive Works

The Kolomna Locomotive Works (Kolomensky Zavod) is a major producer of railroad locomotives in Russia.

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Koreans

Koreans (in South Korean; alternatively in North Korean,; see names of Korea) are an East Asian ethnic group originating from and native to Korea and southern and central Manchuria.

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Korolyov, Moscow Oblast

Korolyov or Korolev (p) is an industrial city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, well known as the cradle of Soviet and Russian space exploration.

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Kotelniki

Kotelniki (Котéльники) is a town of Moscow Oblast, Russia, located southeast of the center of Moscow.

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Krasnoarmeysk, Moscow Oblast

Krasnoarmeysk (Красноарме́йск) is a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia, on the Vorya River (Klyazma's tributary) northeast of Moscow.

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Krasnodar

Krasnodar (p) is a city and the administrative center of Krasnodar Krai, Russia, located on the Kuban River, approximately northeast of the Black Sea port of Novorossiysk.

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Krasnogorsk, Moscow Oblast

Krasnogorsk (Красного́рск) is a city and the administrative center of Krasnogorsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Moskva River, adjacent to the northwestern boundary of Moscow.

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Krasnoznamensk, Moscow Oblast

Krasnoznamensk (Краснозна́менск) is a closed town in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Kubinka

Kubinka (Ку́бинка) is a town in Odintsovsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Setun River, west of Moscow.

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Kyrgyzstan

The Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyz Respublikasy; r; Қирғиз Республикаси.), or simply Kyrgyzstan, and also known as Kirghizia (Kyrgyzstan; r), is a sovereign state in Central Asia.

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Lama River

Lama River is a river in the Moscow and Tver Oblasts in Russia, a tributary of the Shosha River.

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Late Pleistocene

The Late Pleistocene is a geochronological age of the Pleistocene Epoch and is associated with Upper Pleistocene or Tarantian stage Pleistocene series rocks.

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Lavochkin

NPO Lavochkin (НПО Лавочкина, OKB-301, also called Lavochkin Research and Production Association or shortly Lavochkin Association, LA) is a Russian aerospace company.

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Leninsky District, Moscow Oblast

Leninsky District (Ле́нинский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #11/2013-OZ and municipalLaw #79/2005-OZ district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Lesser white-toothed shrew

The lesser white-toothed shrew (Crocidura suaveolens) is a tiny shrew with a widespread distribution in Africa, Asia and Europe.

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Lezgins

Lezgins (лезгияр, lezgiyar, Russian: лезгины, lezginy; Azerbaijani: "Ləzgilər"; also called Lezgins, Lezgi, Lezgis, Lezgs, Lezgin) are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group native predominantly to southern Dagestan and northeastern Azerbaijan and who speak the Lezgian language.

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LG Corporation

LG Corporation (Korean: 주식회사 LG), formerly Lucky-GoldStar (Korean: Leogki Geumseong 럭키금성/樂喜金星), is a South Korean multinational conglomerate corporation.

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LiAZ (Russia)

LiAZ is a bus manufacturing company located in Likino-Dulyovo, Russia.

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Light industry

Light industry is industries that usually are less capital-intensive than heavy industry and is more consumer-oriented than business-oriented, as it typically produces smaller consumer goods.

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Lignite

Lignite, often referred to as brown coal, is a soft, brown, combustible, sedimentary rock formed from naturally compressed peat.

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Likino-Dulyovo

Likino-Dulyovo (Ликино́-Дулёво) is a town in Orekhovo-Zuyevsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia, located northeast of Moscow.

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Lime (fruit)

A lime (from French lime, from Arabic līma, from Persian līmū, "lemon") is a hybrid citrus fruit, which is typically round, lime green, in diameter, and contains acidic juice vesicles.

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Limestone

Limestone is a sedimentary rock, composed mainly of skeletal fragments of marine organisms such as coral, forams and molluscs.

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List of federal subjects of Russia by population

The following is a list of the 85 federal subjects of Russia in order of population according to the 2002 and 2010 Censuses.

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List of rural localities in Moscow Oblast

This is an incomplete list of rural localities in Moscow Oblast.

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List of Russian bandy champions

Russian bandy champion is a title held by the winners of the final of the highest Russian bandy league played each year, currently the Bandy Super League.

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Lithuanians

Lithuanians (lietuviai, singular lietuvis/lietuvė) are a Baltic ethnic group, native to Lithuania, where they number around 2,561,300 people.

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Livestock

Livestock are domesticated animals raised in an agricultural setting to produce labor and commodities such as meat, eggs, milk, fur, leather, and wool.

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Loam

Loam is soil composed mostly of sand (particle size > 63 µm), silt (particle size > 2 µm), and a smaller amount of clay (particle size These proportions can vary to a degree, however, and result in different types of loam soils: sandy loam, silty loam, clay loam, sandy clay loam, silty clay loam, and loam. In the USDA textural classification triangle, the only soil that is not predominantly sand, silt, or clay is called "loam". Loam soils generally contain more nutrients, moisture, and humus than sandy soils, have better drainage and infiltration of water and air than silt and clay-rich soils, and are easier to till than clay soils. The different types of loam soils each have slightly different characteristics, with some draining liquids more efficiently than others. The soil's texture, especially its ability to retain nutrients and water are crucial. Loam soil is suitable for growing most plant varieties. Bricks made of loam, mud, sand, and water, with an added binding material such as rice husks or straw, have been used in construction since ancient times.

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Lobnya

Lobnya (Ло́бня) is a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located north west of Moscow.

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Lopasnya River

The Lopasnya River (Лопа́сня) is a river in Moscow Oblast in Russia.

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Losiny Ostrov National Park

Losiny Ostrov National Park (Национальный парк "Лосиный Остров", literally - Elk (Moose) Island) is the first national park of Russia.

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Lukhovitsky District

Lukhovitsky District (Лухови́цкий райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #11/2013-OZ and municipalLaw #180/2004-OZ district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Lukhovitsy

Lukhovitsy (Лухови́цы) is a town and the administrative center of Lukhovitsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Oka River southeast of Moscow.

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Lyuberetsky District

Lyuberetsky District (Любере́цкий райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #11/2013-OZ and municipalLaw #81/2005-OZ district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Lyubertsy

Lyubertsy (p) is a city and the administrative center of Lyuberetsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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M1 highway (Russia)

The Russian route M1 (also known as the Belarus Highway, road to Minsk) is a major trunk road that runs from Moscow through Smolensk before reaching the border with Belarus.

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M10 highway (Russia)

The M10 is a federal highway in Russia connecting the country's two largest cities, Moscow and Saint Petersburg.

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M2 highway (Russia)

The Russian route M2 (also known as the Crimea Highway, (автодорога "Крым")) is a major trunk road that connects Moscow to the Crimea.

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M3 highway (Russia)

The Russian route M3 (also known as the Ukraine Highway) is a major trunk road that runs across a distance of about 490 kilometres from Moscow to Russia's border with Ukraine.

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M4 highway (Russia)

The Federal Automobile Road M-4 "Don" is a major expressway, trunk road that links Moscow, Voronezh, Rostov-na-Donu and Krasnodar.

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M5 highway (Russia)

The Russian route M5 (also known as the Ural Highway) is a major trunk road running across a distance of 1879 km from Moscow to the Ural Mountains.

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M7 highway (Russia)

The Russian Route M7 (also known as the Volga Highway) is a major trunk road running from Moscow through Vladimir and Nizhny Novgorod to Kazan in Tatarstan and Ufa in Bashkortostan.

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M8 highway (Russia)

The Russian route M8, also known as the Kholmogory Highway or Yaroslavl highway, is a major trunk road that links Moscow to the Russian North in general and the sea harbour of Arkhangelsk in particular.

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M9 highway (Russia)

The Russian route M9, also known as the Baltic Highway, is a 610 km-long trunk road that leads from Moscow through Volokolamsk to Russia's border with Latvia.

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Maloyaroslavetsky District

Maloyaroslavetsky District (Малоярославецкий райо́н) is an administrativeCharter of Kaluga Oblast and municipalLaw #7-OZ district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Kaluga Oblast, Russia.

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Maple

Acer is a genus of trees or shrubs commonly known as maple.

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Mari people

The Mari (мари, марийцы) are a Finno-Ugric ethnic group, who have traditionally lived along the Volga and Kama rivers in Russia.

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Marl

Marl or marlstone is a calcium carbonate or lime-rich mud or mudstone which contains variable amounts of clays and silt.

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Marsh frog

The marsh frog (Pelophylax ridibundus) is the largest frog native to Europe and belongs to the family of true frogs.

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Marten

The martens constitute the genus Martes within the subfamily Mustelinae, in the family Mustelidae.

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Mechanical engineering

Mechanical engineering is the discipline that applies engineering, physics, engineering mathematics, and materials science principles to design, analyze, manufacture, and maintain mechanical systems.

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Meshchera Lowlands

Meshchera Lowlands (Meshchyora Lowlands), also referred to as simply Meshchera/Meshchyora, is a spacious lowland in the middle of the European Russia.

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Mesozoic

The Mesozoic Era is an interval of geological time from about.

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Metallurgy

Metallurgy is a domain of materials science and engineering that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements, their inter-metallic compounds, and their mixtures, which are called alloys.

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Metrowagonmash

Metrowagonmash (ОАО "Метровагонмаш") is an engineering company in Mytishchi, Russia.

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Middle Pleistocene

The Middle Pleistocene is an informal, unofficial subdivision of the Pleistocene Epoch, from 781,000 to 126,000 years ago.

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Ministry of Defence (Russia)

The Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation (Министерство обороны Российской Федерации, Минобороны России, informally abbreviated as МО, МО РФ or Minoboron) exercises administrative and operational leadership of the Russian Armed Forces.

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Mission control center

A mission control center (MCC, sometimes called a flight control center or operations center) is a facility that manages space flights, usually from the point of launch until landing or the end of the mission.

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MKB Fakel

MKB "Fakel" (МКБ "Факел", "Torch") also known as P.D.Grushin Machine-building Design Bureau is a Russian government-owned aerospace defense corporation located in Khimki.

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MKB Raduga

MKB Raduga (МКБ Радуга, meaning Raduga Design Bureau, where raduga literally means "rainbow") is a Russian aerospace company, concerned with the production of various missile systems and related technologies.

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Moldovans

Moldovans or Moldavians (in Moldovan/Romanian moldoveni; Moldovan Cyrillic: Молдовень) are the largest population group of the Republic of Moldova (75.1% of the population, as of 2014), and a significant minority in Ukraine and Russia.

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Mongol invasion of Rus'

As part of the Mongol invasion of Europe, the Mongol Empire invaded Kievan Rus' in the 13th century, destroying numerous cities, including Ryazan, Kolomna, Moscow, Vladimir and Kiev.

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Moor frog

The moor frog (Rana arvalis) is a slim, reddish-brown, semiaquatic amphibian native to Europe and Asia.

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Moose

The moose (North America) or elk (Eurasia), Alces alces, is the largest extant species in the deer family.

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Moraine

A moraine is any glacially formed accumulation of unconsolidated glacial debris (regolith and rock) that occurs in both currently and formerly glaciated regions on Earth (i.e. a past glacial maximum), through geomorphological processes.

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Mordvins

The Mordvins, also Mordva, Mordvinians, Mordovians (эрзят/erzät, мокшет/mokšet, мордва/mordva), are the members of a people who speak a Mordvinic language of the Uralic language family and live mainly in the Republic of Mordovia and other parts of the middle Volga River region of Russia.

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Morena

Morena is a city and itself a District Morena district, in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.

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Moscow

Moscow (a) is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 13.2 million residents within the city limits and 17.1 million within the urban area.

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Moscow Canal

The Moscow Canal (Кана́л и́мени Москвы&#769), named the Moskva-Volga Canal until 1947, is a canal that connects the Moskva River with the Volga River.

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Moscow Domodedovo Airport

Moscow Domodedovo Airport (p) is an international airport located on the territory of Domodedovo, Moscow Oblast, Russia, south-southeast from the centre of Moscow.

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Moscow Governorate

Moscow Governorate (Московская губерния; pre-reform Russian: Московская губернія), or the Government of Moscow, was an administrative division (a guberniya) of the Tsardom of Russia, the Russian Empire, and the Russian SFSR, which existed in 1708–1929.

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Moscow Oblast Duma

The Moscow Oblast Duma is the unicameral legislative body of Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Moscow Oblast gubernatorial election, 2013

Moscow Oblast gubernatorial election of 2013 was held on September 8, 2013 as part of the regional elections, where 9 other oblasts held elections.

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Moscow Ring Road

The Moscow Automobile Ring Road (Московская кольцевая автомобильная дорога, Moskovskaya Koltsevaya Avtomobilnaya Doroga), or MKAD (МКАД), is a ring road encircling the parts of the City of Moscow, the capital of Russia.

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Moskovsky, Moscow

Moskovsky (Моско́вский) is a town in Moskovsky Settlement of Moscow.

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Moskva River

The Moskva River (река Москва, Москва-река, Moskva-reka) is a river of western Russia.

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Mountain hare

The mountain hare (Lepus timidus), also known as blue hare, tundra hare, variable hare, white hare, snow hare, alpine hare, and Irish hare, is a Palearctic hare that is largely adapted to polar and mountainous habitats.

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Mozhaysk

MozhayskAlternative transliterations include Mozhaisk, Mozhajsk, Mozhaĭsk, and Možajsk.

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Mozhaysky District, Moscow Oblast

Mozhaysky District (Можа́йский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #11/2013-OZ and municipalLaw #95/2005-OZ district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Municipal divisions of Russia

The municipal divisions in Russia, called the municipal formations (муниципальные образования), are territorial divisions of the Russian Federation within which the state governance is augmented with local self-government independent of the state organs of governance within the law, to manage local affairs.

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Muranovo

Muranovo is the Fyodor Tyutchev state museum located in Pushkino, Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Mushroom

A mushroom, or toadstool, is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground on soil or on its food source.

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Muskrat

The muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus), the only species in genus Ondatra and tribe Ondatrini, is a medium-sized semiaquatic rodent native to North America and is an introduced species in parts of Europe, Asia, and South America.

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Myachkovo, Moscow Oblast

Myachkovo is a village (selo) in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located near the mouth of the Pakhra River flowing into the Moskva River.

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Mytishchi

Mytishchi (p) is a city and the administrative center of Mytishchinsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, which lies to the northeast of Russia's capital Moscow, on the Yauza River and the Moscow–Yaroslavl railway.

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Nara River

Nara River (Нара) is a river in the Moscow Oblast and Kaluga Oblast in Russia.

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Naro-Fominsk

Naro-Fominsk (На́ро-Фоми́нск) is a town and the administrative center of Naro-Fominsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Nara River, southwest from Moscow.

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Naro-Fominsky District

Naro-Fominsky District (Наро-Фоминский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #11/2013-OZ and municipalLaw #72/2005-OZ district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Nizhny Novgorod

Nizhny Novgorod (p), colloquially shortened to Nizhny, is a city in Russia and the administrative center (capital) of Volga Federal District and Nizhny Novgorod Oblast.

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Noginsk

Noginsk (Ноги́нск) is a city and the administrative center of Noginsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located east of the Moscow Ring Road on the Klyazma River.

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Nondenominational Christianity

Nondenominational (or non-denominational) Christianity consists of churches which typically distance themselves from the confessionalism or creedalism of other Christian communities by calling themselves non-denominational.

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Northern birch mouse

The northern birch mouse (Sicista betulina) is a small rodent about 5 to 8 cm long (without the tail), weighing 5 to 13 g. It lives in northern Europe and Asia in forest and marsh zones.

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Northern crested newt

The northern crested newt, also known as the great crested newt or warty newt (Triturus cristatus) is a newt in the family Salamandridae, found across Europe and parts of Asia.

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Northern lapwing

The northern lapwing (Vanellus vanellus), also known as the peewit or pewit, tuit or tew-it, green plover, or (in Britain and Ireland) just lapwing, is a bird in the lapwing family. It is common through temperate Eurasia. It is highly migratory over most of its extensive range, wintering further south as far as north Africa, northern India, Pakistan, and parts of China. It migrates mainly by day, often in large flocks. Lowland breeders in westernmost areas of Europe are resident. It occasionally is a vagrant to North America, especially after storms, as in the Canadian sightings after storms in December 1927 and in January 1966. It is a wader that breeds on cultivated land and other short vegetation habitats. 3–4 eggs are laid in a ground scrape. The nest and young are defended noisily and aggressively against all intruders, up to and including horses and cattle. In winter, it forms huge flocks on open land, particularly arable land and mud-flats.

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NPO Bazalt

NPO Bazalt (НПО «Базальт») is a weapons manufacturing company in Russia that took over or continued the production of weapons such as the RPG-7 after the collapse of the Soviet Union and today manufactures the RPG-7V2 and the RPG-29.

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NPP Zvezda

Research & Development Production Enterprise Zvezda, or R&D PE Zvezda (Nauchno-Proizvodstvennoye Predpriyatiye "Zvezda", NPP Zvezda, lit. "Star") is a Russian manufacturer of life-support systems for high-altitude flight and human spaceflight.

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Oak

An oak is a tree or shrub in the genus Quercus (Latin "oak tree") of the beech family, Fagaceae.

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Oat

The oat (Avena sativa), sometimes called the common oat, is a species of cereal grain grown for its seed, which is known by the same name (usually in the plural, unlike other cereals and pseudocereals).

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Oblast

An oblast is a type of administrative division of Belarus, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Ukraine, and the former Soviet Union and Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.

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Obninsk

Obninsk (О́бнинск) is a city in Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the bank of the Protva River southwest of Moscow and northeast from Kaluga.

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Obukhovo, Noginsky District, Moscow Oblast

Obukhovo (Обу́хово) is an urban locality (a work settlement) in Noginsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia, located east from Moscow.

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Oil refinery

Oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is transformed and refined into more useful products such as petroleum naphtha, gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt base, heating oil, kerosene, liquefied petroleum gas, jet fuel and fuel oils.

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Oka River

Oka (Ока́) is a river in central Russia, the largest right tributary of the Volga.

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Okrug

Okrug (окръг, okrǎg, о́круг; округ,; окру́га, okruha; акруга, Akruha; okręg; оқрҿс; йырвел, jyrvel) is an administrative division of some Slavic states.

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Old Believers

In Eastern Orthodox church history, the Old Believers, or Old Ritualists (старове́ры or старообря́дцы, starovéry or staroobryádtsy) are Eastern Orthodox Christians who maintain the liturgical and ritual practices of the Eastern Orthodox Church as they existed prior to the reforms of Patriarch Nikon of Moscow between 1652 and 1666.

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Order of Lenin

The Order of Lenin (Orden Lenina), named after the leader of the Russian October Revolution, was established by the Central Executive Committee on April 6, 1930.

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Orekhovo-Zuyevo

Orekhovo-Zuyevo (Оре́хово-Зу́ево) is an industrial city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located east of Moscow in a forested area on the Klyazma River (a tributary of the Oka).

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Ossetians

The Ossetians or Ossetes (ир, ирæттæ,; дигорæ, дигорæнттæ) are an Iranian ethnic group of the Caucasus Mountains, indigenous to the region known as Ossetia.

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Ostafyevo International Airport

Ostafyevo International Business Airport (Международный аэропорт бизнес-авиации «Остафьево») is a "B" class international airport, located to the south of Moscow Ring Road in Novomoskovsky administrative okrug of Moscow.

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Otter

Otters are carnivorous mammals in the subfamily Lutrinae.

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Palembang

Palembang (Indonesian pronunciation: palɛmˈbaŋ) is the capital city of South Sumatra province of Indonesia.

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Paleozoic

The Paleozoic (or Palaeozoic) Era (from the Greek palaios (παλαιός), "old" and zoe (ζωή), "life", meaning "ancient life") is the earliest of three geologic eras of the Phanerozoic Eon.

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Pavlovsky Posad

Pavlovsky Posad (Па́вловский Поса́д) is a town and the administrative center of Pavlovo-Posadsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located from Moscow, at the confluence of the Klyazma and Vokhna Rivers.

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Peat

Peat, also called turf, is an accumulation of partially decayed vegetation or organic matter that is unique to natural areas called peatlands, bogs, mires, moors, or muskegs.

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Pelobates fuscus

Pelobates fuscus is a species of toad in the family Pelobatidae, native to an area extending from Central Europe to Western Asia.

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Perch

Perch is a common name for fish of the genus Perca, freshwater gamefish belonging to the family Percidae.

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Peresvet

Peresvet (Пересве́т) is a town in Sergiyevo-Posadsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Kunya River (Dubna's tributary) northeast of Moscow and north of Sergiyev Posad, the administrative center of the district.

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Peter the Great

Peter the Great (ˈpʲɵtr vʲɪˈlʲikʲɪj), Peter I (ˈpʲɵtr ˈpʲɛrvɨj) or Peter Alexeyevich (p; –)Dates indicated by the letters "O.S." are in the Julian calendar with the start of year adjusted to 1 January.

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Petushinsky District

Petushinsky District (Петуши́нский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #130-OZ and municipalLaw #159-OZ district (raion), one of the sixteen in Vladimir Oblast, Russia.

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Phazotron

JSC Phazotron (Phazotron-NIIR, ОАО «Корпорация «Фазотрон-НИИР»), is Russia's largest developer of military radars and avionics.

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Phenol

Phenol, also known as phenolic acid, is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula C6H5OH.

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Phosphate

A phosphate is chemical derivative of phosphoric acid.

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Pine

A pine is any conifer in the genus Pinus,, of the family Pinaceae.

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Pinophyta

The Pinophyta, also known as Coniferophyta or Coniferae, or commonly as conifers, are a division of vascular land plants containing a single extant class, Pinopsida.

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Pleistocene

The Pleistocene (often colloquially referred to as the Ice Age) is the geological epoch which lasted from about 2,588,000 to 11,700 years ago, spanning the world's most recent period of repeated glaciations.

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Podolsk

Podolsk (p) is an industrial city, center of Podolsk Urban Okrug, Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Pakhra River (a tributary of the Moskva River).

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Podolsky District

Podolsky District (Подо́льский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #11/2013-OZ and municipalLaw #65/2005-OZ district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Podzol

In soil science, Podzols (known as Spodosols in China and the United States of America and Podosols in Australia) are the typical soils of coniferous, or boreal forests.

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Principality of Ryazan

The Grand Duchy of Ryazan existed from 1078 when it was separated from the Chernigov Principality as the provincial Murom Principality.

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Prioksko-Terrasny Nature Reserve

Prioksko-Terrasny Nature Biosphere Reserve (Приокско-Террасный государственный природный биосферный заповедник) is one of Russia's smallest zapovedniks (nature reserves), sprawling over an area of 5,000 hectares along the left bank of the Oka River in the Serpukhov District of Moskva Oblast.

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Proterozoic

The Proterozoic is a geological eon representing the time just before the proliferation of complex life on Earth.

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Protva River

Protva River is a river in Moscow and Kaluga Oblasts in Russia, left tributary of the Oka.

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Protvino

Protvino (Протвино́) is a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located about south of Moscow and west of Serpukhov, on the left bank of the Protva River.

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Pumped-storage hydroelectricity

Pumped-storage hydroelectricity (PSH), or pumped hydroelectric energy storage (PHES), is a type of hydroelectric energy storage used by electric power systems for load balancing.

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Pushchino

Pushchino (p) is a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia, an important scientific center of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

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Pushkino, Pushkinsky District, Moscow Oblast

Pushkino (Пу́шкино) is a city and the administrative center of Pushkinsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Ucha and Serebryanka Rivers, northeast of Moscow.

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Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky Often "Peter Ilich Tchaikovsky" in English.

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Quartz

Quartz is a mineral composed of silicon and oxygen atoms in a continuous framework of SiO4 silicon–oxygen tetrahedra, with each oxygen being shared between two tetrahedra, giving an overall chemical formula of SiO2.

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Quartzite

Quartzite (from Quarzit) is a hard, non-foliated metamorphic rock which was originally pure quartz sandstone.

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Quaternary

Quaternary is the current and most recent of the three periods of the Cenozoic Era in the geologic time scale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS).

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Raccoon dog

The raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides, from the Greek words nukt-, "night" + ereutēs, "wanderer" + prokuōn, "before-dog" + -oidēs, "similar to"), also known as the mangut (its Evenki name) is a canid indigenous to East Asia.

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Raion

A raion (also rayon) is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet states (such as part of an oblast).

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Ramensky District

Ramensky District (Раменский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #11/2013-OZ and municipalLaw #55/2005-OZ district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Recreation

Recreation is an activity of leisure, leisure being discretionary time.

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Red deer

The red deer (Cervus elaphus) is one of the largest deer species.

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Reutov

Reutov (Ре́утов) is a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located east of Moscow.

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Riga

Riga (Rīga) is the capital and largest city of Latvia.

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Rink bandy

Rink bandy and rinkball are variants of bandy played on significantly smaller ice rinks.

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Roe deer

The European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), also known as the western roe deer, chevreuil, or simply roe deer or roe, is a Eurasian species of deer.

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Romani people

The Romani (also spelled Romany), or Roma, are a traditionally itinerant ethnic group, living mostly in Europe and the Americas and originating from the northern Indian subcontinent, from the Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab and Sindh regions of modern-day India and Pakistan.

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Roslavl

Roslavl (Ро́славль, Roslavlis, Rosław) is a town and the administrative center of Roslavlsky District in Smolensk Oblast, Russia.

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Rostov-on-Don

Rostov-on-Don (p) is a port city and the administrative center of Rostov Oblast and the Southern Federal District of Russia.

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Ruff

The ruff (Calidris pugnax) is a medium-sized wading bird that breeds in marshes and wet meadows across northern Eurasia.

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Ruffed grouse

The ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) is a medium-sized grouse occurring in forests from the Appalachian Mountains across Canada to Alaska.

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Russia

Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.

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Russian Bandy Super League

The Russian Bandy Super League (Чемпионат России по хоккею с мячом — Суперлига), is a professional bandy league in Russia, the top division of Russian bandy.

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Russian Census (2002)

The Russian Census of 2002 (Всеросси́йская пе́репись населе́ния 2002 го́да) was the first census of the Russian Federation since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, carried out on October 9 through October 16, 2002.

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Russian Census (2010)

The Russian Census of 2010 (Всеросси́йская пе́репись населе́ния 2010 го́да) is the first census of the Russian Federation population since 2002 and the second after the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

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Russian desman

The Russian desman (Desmana moschata) (выхухоль vykhukhol) is a small semiaquatic mammal that inhabits the Volga, Don and Ural River basins in Russia, Ukraine and Kazakhstan.

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Russian Federal State Statistics Service

Russian Federal State Statistics Service (Федеральная служба государственной статистики, Federal'naya sluzhba gosudarstvennoi statistiki) (also known as Rosstat) is the governmental statistics agency in Russia.

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Russian Orthodox Church

The Russian Orthodox Church (ROC; Rússkaya pravoslávnaya tsérkov), alternatively legally known as the Moscow Patriarchate (Moskóvskiy patriarkhát), is one of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches, in full communion with other Eastern Orthodox patriarchates.

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Russian route A130

The Russian route A130 is a Russian federal highway from Moscow to the border with Belarus, where it turns into the P43 to Bobruysk.

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Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic

The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR; Ru-Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика.ogg), also unofficially known as the Russian Federation, Soviet Russia,Declaration of Rights of the laboring and exploited people, article I or Russia (rɐˈsʲijə; from the Ρωσία Rōsía — Rus'), was an independent state from 1917 to 1922, and afterwards the largest, most populous, and most economically developed union republic of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1991 and then a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with priority of Russian laws over Union-level legislation in 1990 and 1991.

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Russians

Russians (русские, russkiye) are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Eastern Europe. The majority of Russians inhabit the nation state of Russia, while notable minorities exist in other former Soviet states such as Belarus, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Ukraine and the Baltic states. A large Russian diaspora also exists all over the world, with notable numbers in the United States, Germany, Israel, and Canada. Russians are the most numerous ethnic group in Europe. The Russians share many cultural traits with their fellow East Slavic counterparts, specifically Belarusians and Ukrainians. They are predominantly Orthodox Christians by religion. The Russian language is official in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan, and also spoken as a secondary language in many former Soviet states.

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Rutilus

Rutilus is a genus of fish in the family Cyprinidae found in Eurasia.

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Ruzsky District

Ruzsky District (Ру́зский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #11/2013-OZ and municipalLaw #76/2005-OZ district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Ryazan Governorate

Ryazan Governorate (Рязанская губерния, Ryazanskaya guberniya, Government of Ryazan) was an administrative division (a guberniya) of the Russian Empire and Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, which existed from 1796 to 1929.

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Ryazan Oblast

Ryazan Oblast (p) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Rye

Rye (Secale cereale) is a grass grown extensively as a grain, a cover crop and a forage crop.

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Saint Petersburg

Saint Petersburg (p) is Russia's second-largest city after Moscow, with 5 million inhabitants in 2012, part of the Saint Petersburg agglomeration with a population of 6.2 million (2015).

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Sand lizard

The sand lizard (Lacerta agilis) is a lacertid lizard distributed across most of Europe and eastwards to Mongolia.

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Sandstone

Sandstone is a clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized (0.0625 to 2 mm) mineral particles or rock fragments.

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Savvino-Storozhevsky Monastery

The Savvino-Storozhevsky Monastery (Саввино-Сторожевский монастырь, "the Storozhi monastery of St. Savva") is a Russian Orthodox monastery dedicated to the feast of the Nativity of the Theotokos.

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SeAZ

SeAZ (Serpukhov Automobile Plant) was a large engineering plant in Serpukhov, Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Senezh Lake

Senezh, also known as Senezhskoye (Сенежское), is a lake in Moscow Oblast, Russia, about 60 km northwest of Moscow.

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Serebryano-Prudsky District

Serebryano-Prudsky District (Серебряно-Прудский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #11/2013-OZ and municipalLaw #29/2005-OZ district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Serebryanye Prudy

Serebryanye Prudy (Сере́бряные Пруды́, lit. Silver Ponds) is an urban locality (a work settlement) and the administrative center of Serebryano-Prudsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Osyotr River.

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Sergey Shoygu

Sergey Kuzhugetovich Shoygu (Серге́й Кужуге́тович Шойгу́, Сергей Күжүгет оглу Шойгу; born 21 May 1955) is a Russian politician and General of the army who has served in the Government of Russia as Minister of Defence and the CIS as Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Defense since 2012.

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Sergiyev Posad

Sergiyev Posad (p) is a city and the administrative center of Sergiyevo-Posadsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Sergiyevo-Posadsky District

Sergiyevo-Posadsky District (Се́ргиево-Поса́дский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #11/2013-OZ and municipalLaw #60/2005-OZ district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Serpukhov

Serpukhov (p) is a city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Oka and the Nara Rivers, south from Moscow on the Moscow—Simferopol highway.

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Serpukhovsky District

Serpukhovsky District (Серпухо́вский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #11/2013-OZ and municipalLaw #78/2005-OZ district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Sestra River (Moscow Oblast)

The Sestra River (Сестра́) is a river in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Shapkino

Shapkino is a village in the Muchkapsky District of the Tambov region of Russia.

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Shatura Power Station

The Shatura Power Station (also called Shaturskaya GRES or GRES-5 locally) is one of the oldest power stations in Russia.

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Shatursky District

Shatursky District (Шату́рский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #11/2013-OZ and municipalLaw #28/2005-OZ district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Shchyolkovo

Shchyolkovo (p) is a city and the administrative center of Shchyolkovsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Klyazma River (Oka's tributary), northeast of Moscow.

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Sheremetyevo International Airport

Sheremetyevo International Airport (p) is an international airport located in Molzhaninovsky District, Northern Administrative Okrug, Moscow, Russia, northwest of central Moscow.

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Shosha River

Shosha River is a river in Zubtsovsky, Staritsky, Kalininsky and in Konakovsky Districts of Tver Oblast and Lotoshinsky District of Moscow Oblast in Russia.

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Shrew

A shrew (family Soricidae) is a small mole-like mammal classified in the order Eulipotyphla.

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Siberian roe deer

The Siberian roe deer or eastern roe deer (Capreolus pygargus) is a species of roe deer found in northeastern Asia.

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Slavic Native Faith

The Slavic Native Faith, also known as Rodnovery, is a modern Pagan religion.

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Slavs

Slavs are an Indo-European ethno-linguistic group who speak the various Slavic languages of the larger Balto-Slavic linguistic group.

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Slovakia

Slovakia (Slovensko), officially the Slovak Republic (Slovenská republika), is a landlocked country in Central Europe.

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Slovenia

Slovenia (Slovenija), officially the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene:, abbr.: RS), is a country in southern Central Europe, located at the crossroads of main European cultural and trade routes.

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Smolensk Oblast

Smolensk Oblast (Смоле́нская о́бласть, Smolenskaya oblast; informal name — Smolenschina (Смоле́нщина) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Smolensk. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 985,537.

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Smooth newt

The smooth newt, also known as the common newt (Lissotriton vulgaris; formerly Triturus vulgaris) is a species of amphibian, the most common newt of the genus Lissotriton.

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Solnechnogorsk

Solnechnogorsk (Солнечного́рск, lit. sunny mountain town) is a town and the administrative center of Solnechnogorsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Moscow–St. Petersburg Highway and the Moscow–St. Petersburg railway, on the coast of Senezh Lake, northwest from Moscow.

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Soviet Census (1989)

The 1989 Soviet census (Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989, "1989 All-Union Census"), conducted between 12-19 January of that year, was the last one that took place in the former USSR.

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Speckled ground squirrel

The speckled ground squirrel or spotted souslik (Spermophilus suslicus) is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae.

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Spiritual but not religious

"Spiritual but not religious" (SBNR) also known as "Spiritual but not affiliated" (SBNA) is a popular phrase and initialism used to self-identify a life stance of spirituality that takes issue with organized religion as the sole or most valuable means of furthering spiritual growth.

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Spruce

A spruce is a tree of the genus Picea, a genus of about 35 species of coniferous evergreen trees in the family Pinaceae, found in the northern temperate and boreal (taiga) regions of the Earth.

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Staraya Kupavna

Staraya Kupavna (Ста́рая Купа́вна) is a town in Noginsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Shalovka River (Klyazma's tributary) east of Moscow.

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Stoat

The stoat (Mustela erminea), also known as the short-tailed weasel or simply the weasel in Ireland where the least weasel does not occur, is a mammal of the genus Mustela of the family Mustelidae native to Eurasia and North America, distinguished from the least weasel by its larger size and longer tail with a prominent black tip.

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Swamp

A swamp is a wetland that is forested.

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Tajiks

Tajik (تاجيک: Tājīk, Тоҷик) is a general designation for a wide range of native Persian-speaking people of Iranian origin, with current traditional homelands in present-day Tajikistan, Afghanistan and Uzbekistan.

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Tatars

The Tatars (татарлар, татары) are a Turkic-speaking peoples living mainly in Russia and other Post-Soviet countries.

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Tertiary

Tertiary is the former term for the geologic period from 65 million to 2.58 million years ago, a timespan that occurs between the superseded Secondary period and the Quaternary.

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Thermal Power Plant 27

Thermal Power Plant 27 Severnaya (ТЭЦ-27 «Северная») is a combined heat and power plant located in the village of Chelobityevo in Mytishchinsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Thrush (bird)

The thrushes are a family, Turdidae, of passerine birds with a worldwide distribution.

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Tikhomirov Scientific Research Institute of Instrument Design

JSC V.V. Tikhomirov Scientific Research Institute of Instrument Design (ОАО «Научно-исследовательский институт приборостроения имени В.В.Тихомирова», НИИП, NIIP) is a joint stock company, one of the major Russian enterprises in the development of weaponry control systems for fighter planes and mobile medium range anti-aircraft SAM defense vehicles.

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Tomilino

Tomilino (Томи́лино) is an urban locality (a work settlement) in Lyuberetsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Town of district significance

Town of district significance is an administrative division of a district in a federal subject of Russia.

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Tributary

A tributary or affluent is a stream or river that flows into a larger stream or main stem (or parent) river or a lake.

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Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius

The Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius (Тро́ице-Се́ргиева Ла́вра) is the most important Russian monastery and the spiritual centre of the Russian Orthodox Church.

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Troitsk, Moscow

Troitsk (Тро́ицк) is a town in Troitsky Administrative Okrug of the federal city of Moscow, Russia, located on the Desna River southwest from the center of Moscow on the Kaluzhskoye Highway.

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Tuff

Tuff (from the Italian tufo) is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption.

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Tula Governorate

Tula Governorate (Тульская губерния) was an administrative division (a guberniya) of the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR, located in the south of Moscow Governorate.

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Tula Oblast

Tula Oblast (Ту́льская о́бласть, Tulskaya oblast) is a top-level political division of European Russia (namely an oblast).

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Tundra vole

The tundra vole (Microtus oeconomus) or root vole is a medium-sized vole found in Northern and Central Europe, Asia, and northwestern North America, including Alaska and northwestern Canada.

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TVEL

The TVEL Fuel Company (TVEL) is a Russian nuclear fuel cycle company headquartered in Moscow.

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Tver

Tver (p; IPA: tvʲerʲi) is a city and the administrative center of Tver Oblast, Russia.

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Tver Governorate

Tver Governorate (Тверская губерния, Tverskaya guberniya) was an administrative division (a guberniya) of the Russian Empire and Russian SFSR, which existed from 1796 until 1929.

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Tver Oblast

Tver Oblast (Тверска́я о́бласть, Tverskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Tyoply Stan District

Tyoply Stan District (райо́н Тёплый Стан) is an administrative district (raion) of South-Western Administrative Okrug, and one of the 125 raions of Moscow, Russia.

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Udmurt people

The Udmurts (Удмуртъёс, Udmurt’jos) are a people who speak the Udmurt language.

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Ufa

Ufa (p; Өфө) is the capital city of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia, and the industrial, economic, scientific and cultural center of the republic.

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Ugresha Monastery

Nikolo-Ugreshsky Monastery (Николо-Угрешский монастырь) is a walled stauropegic Russian Orthodox monastery of St. Nicholas the Miracle-Worker located in a suburb of Moscow, Dzerzhinsky.

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Ukrainians

Ukrainians (українці, ukrayintsi) are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine, which is by total population the sixth-largest nation in Europe.

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Urban-type settlement

Urban-type settlement (посёлок городско́го ти́па - posyolok gorodskogo tipa, abbreviated: п.г.т. - p.g.t.; селище міського типу – selyshche mis'koho typu, abbreviated: с.м.т. - s.m.t.; пасёлак гарадскога тыпу; osiedle typu miejskiego; селище от градски тип – selishte ot gradski tip) is an official designation for a semi-urban settlement (or a former town).

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Uzbeks

The Uzbeks (Oʻzbek/Ўзбек, pl. Oʻzbeklar/Ўзбеклар) are a Turkic ethnic group; the largest Turkic ethnic group in Central Asia.

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Veliky Novgorod

Veliky Novgorod (p), also known as Novgorod the Great, or Novgorod Veliky, or just Novgorod, is one of the most important historic cities in Russia, which serves as the administrative center of Novgorod Oblast.

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Vereya, Naro-Fominsky District, Moscow Oblast

Vereya (Вере́я) is a town in Naro-Fominsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Protva River southwest of Moscow.

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Vidnoye, Moscow Oblast

Vidnoye (p) is a town and the administrative center of Leninsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located south of Moscow city limits.

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Vipera berus

Vipera berus, the common European adderMallow D, Ludwig D, Nilson G. (2003).

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Viviparous lizard

The viviparous lizard or common lizard, Zootoca vivipara (formerly Lacerta vivipara), is a Eurasian lizard.

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Vladimir Oblast

Vladimir Oblast (Влади́мирская о́бласть, Vladimirskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Vladimir-Suzdal

Vladimir-Suzdal (Владимирско-Су́здальская, Vladimirsko-Suzdal'skaya), formally known as the Grand Duchy of Vladimir (1157–1331) (Владимиро-Су́здальское кня́жество, Vladimiro-Suzdal'skoye knyazhestvo), was one of the major principalities that succeeded Kievan Rus' in the late 12th century, centered in Vladimir-on-Klyazma.

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Vnukovo International Airport

Vnukovo International Airport (p), is a dual-runway international airport located southwest of the centre of Moscow, Russia.

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Volga Hydroelectric Station

The Volga Hydroelectric Station or Volga GES (Волжская ГЭС) also known as the 22nd Congress of the CPSU Stalingrad/Volgograd Hydroelectric Power Station (Сталинградская/Волгоградская ГЭС имени XXII съезда КПСС), is the largest hydroelectric station in Europe, and it is the last of the Volga-Kama Cascade of dams, immediately before the Volga River flows into the Caspian Sea.

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Volga River

The Volga (p) is the longest river in Europe.

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Volokolamsk

Volokolamsk (Волокола́мск) is a town and the administrative center of Volokolamsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Gorodenka River, not far from its confluence with the Lama River, northwest of Moscow.

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Voronezh

Voronezh (p) is a city and the administrative center of Voronezh Oblast, Russia, straddling the Voronezh River and located from where it flows into the Don.

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Voskresensk, Moscow Oblast

Voskresensk (Воскресе́нск) is a town and the administrative center of Voskresensky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located upon the banks of the Moskva River southeast from Moscow.

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Voskresensky District, Moscow Oblast

Voskresensky District (Воскре́сенский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #11/2013-OZ and municipalLaw #199/2004-OZ district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Water caltrop

The water caltrop is any of three extant species of the genus Trapa: Trapa natans, Trapa bicornis and the endangered Trapa rossica.

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Weasel

A weasel is a mammal of the genus Mustela of the family Mustelidae.

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White stork

The white stork (Ciconia ciconia) is a large bird in the stork family Ciconiidae.

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Wood mouse

The wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) is a common murid rodent from Europe and northwestern Africa.

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World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

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Yaroslavl Oblast

Yaroslavl Oblast (Яросла́вская о́бласть, Yaroslavskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), which is located in the Central Federal District, surrounded by Tver, Moscow, Ivanovo, Vladimir, Kostroma, and Vologda Oblasts.

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Yegoryevsk

Yegoryevsk (Его́рьевск) is a town and the administrative center of Yegoryevsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Guslitsa River southeast of Moscow.

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Yellow-necked mouse

The yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis), also called yellow-necked field mouse, yellow-necked wood mouse, and South China field mouse, is closely related to the wood mouse, with which it was long confused.

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Yubileyny, Moscow Oblast

Yubileyny (Юбиле́йный) was a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located northeast of the Moscow Ring Road by Yaroslavl Highway, on the Klyazma River.

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Zaraysk

Zaraysk (Зара́йск) is a town and the administrative center of Zaraysky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located about southeast from Moscow.

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Zhostovo painting

Zhostovo painting (Жостовская роспись in Russian) is an old Russian folk handicraft of painting on metal trays, which still exists in a village of Zhostovo in the Moscow Oblast.

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Zhukovsky, Moscow Oblast

Zhukovsky (Жуко́вский) is a city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Moskva River, southeast of Moscow.

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Zorky Krasnogorsk

Zorky (Зоркий) is a bandy club based in Krasnogorsk, Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Zvenigorod

Zvenigorod (Звени́город) is an old town in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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2008 European Speed Skating Championships

The 2008 European Speed Skating Championships were held at the Kolomna Speed Skating Center in Kolomna, Russia, from 12 to 13 January 2008.

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2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves

The 2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves included severe heat waves that impacted most of the United States, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, Hong Kong, North Africa and the European continent as a whole, along with parts of Canada, Russia, Indochina, South Korea and Japan during May, June, July, and August 2010.

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2016 World Single Distance Speed Skating Championships

The 2016 World Single Distance Speed Skating Championships was held between 11 and 14 February 2016 in Kolomna, Russia.

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Redirects here:

Central Industrial Oblast, History of Moscow Oblast, Moscow Region, Moscow oblast, Moscow oblast', Moscow region, Moskovskaja oblast, Moskovskaja oblast', Moskovskaya Oblast, Moskovskaya Oblast', Russia, Moskovskaya oblast, Moskovskaya oblast', Moskovskaâ oblast', Moskva Oblast, Moskva Oblast, Russia, Muscovite Oblast, Podmoskovye, RU-MOS, Московская область, Подмоско́вье.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscow_Oblast

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