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Table of Contents

1. 551 relations: Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania, Adam Zamoyski, Adolph Joffe, Adrian Carton de Wiart, Advance on Moscow (1919), Aftermath of World War I, Aftermath of World War II, Aleksandr Vasilevsky, Aleksei Brusilov, Alexander II of Russia, Alexander Kolchak, Alexander Yegorov (soldier), Alfred E. Senn, All-Russian Central Executive Committee, Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War, Allies of World War I, Allies of World War II, Andriy Livytskyi, Andrzej Chwalba, Anglo-Soviet Trade Agreement, Anna M. Cienciala, Anti-Polish sentiment, Antisemitism, Anton Denikin, Antoni Czubiński, Antoni Listowski, Armistice, Armistice of 11 November 1918, August Kork, Austria, Austria-Hungary, Autonomy, Aviel Roshwald, Avuta, Żeligowski's Mutiny, Żydokomuna, Babruysk, Baltic region, Baltic Sea, Baltic states, Bar, Ukraine, Baranavichy, Barysaw, Basic Books, Battalion, Battle of Żabinka (July 1920), Battle of Bereza Kartuska, Battle of Brody (1941), Battle of Daugavpils, Battle of Dęblin and Mińsk Mazowiecki, ... Expand index (501 more) » « Shrink index

2. Invasions of Russia
3. Subsidiary conflicts of World War I
4. Ukrainian War of Independence

Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania

The Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania or Act of 11 March (Aktas dėl Lietuvos nepriklausomos valstybės atstatymo) was an independence declaration by Lithuania adopted on 11 March 1990, signed by all members of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Lithuania led by Sąjūdis.

See Polish–Soviet War and Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania

Adam Zamoyski

Adam Zamoyski (born 11 January 1949) is a British historian and author descended from the historically important Polish nobility.

See Polish–Soviet War and Adam Zamoyski

Adolph Joffe

Adolph Abramovich Joffe (Адо́льф Абра́мович Ио́ффе, alternative transliterations Adol'f Ioffe or, rarely, Yoffe) (10 October 1883 – 16 November 1927) was a Russian revolutionary, a Bolshevik politician and a Soviet diplomat of Karaite descent.

See Polish–Soviet War and Adolph Joffe

Adrian Carton de Wiart

Lieutenant-General Sir Adrian Paul Ghislain Carton de Wiart, (5 May 1880 – 5 June 1963) was an officer in the British Army.

See Polish–Soviet War and Adrian Carton de Wiart

Advance on Moscow (1919)

The Advance on Moscow was a military campaign of the White Armed Forces of South Russia (AFSR), launched against the RSFSR in July 1919 during the Russian Civil War.

See Polish–Soviet War and Advance on Moscow (1919)

Aftermath of World War I

The aftermath of World War I saw far-reaching and wide-ranging cultural, economic, and social change across Europe, Asia, Africa, and even in areas outside those that were directly involved.

See Polish–Soviet War and Aftermath of World War I

Aftermath of World War II

The aftermath of World War II saw the rise of two superpowers, the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States (US).

See Polish–Soviet War and Aftermath of World War II

Aleksandr Vasilevsky

Aleksandr Mikhaylovich Vasilevsky (Александр Михайлович Василевский) (30 September 1895 – 5 December 1977) was a Soviet career-officer in the Red Army who attained the rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union in 1943.

See Polish–Soviet War and Aleksandr Vasilevsky

Aleksei Brusilov

Aleksei Alekseyevich Brusilov (p; – 17 March 1926) was a Russian and later Soviet general most noted for the development of new offensive tactics used in the 1916 Brusilov offensive, which was his greatest achievement.

See Polish–Soviet War and Aleksei Brusilov

Alexander II of Russia

Alexander II (p; 29 April 181813 March 1881) was Emperor of Russia, King of Congress Poland and Grand Duke of Finland from 2 March 1855 until his assassination in 1881.

See Polish–Soviet War and Alexander II of Russia

Alexander Kolchak

Alexander Vasilyevich Kolchak (Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Колча́к; – 7 February 1920) was a Russian admiral, military leader and polar explorer who held the title of Supreme Ruler of Russia from 1918 to 1920 during the Russian Civil War, though his actual control over Russian territory was limited.

See Polish–Soviet War and Alexander Kolchak

Alexander Yegorov (soldier)

Alexander Ilyich Yegorov or Egorov (Aleksandr Il'ich Yegórov) (– 23 February 1939) was a Soviet military leader and one of the original five Marshals of the Soviet Union.

See Polish–Soviet War and Alexander Yegorov (soldier)

Alfred E. Senn

Alfred Erich Senn (April 12, 1932 – March 8, 2016) was a professor of history at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.

See Polish–Soviet War and Alfred E. Senn

All-Russian Central Executive Committee

The All-Russian Central Executive Committee (translit) was (June – November 1917) a permanent body formed by the First All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies (held from June 16 to July 7, 1917 in Petrograd), then became the supreme governing body of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic in between sessions of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets from 1917 to 1937.

See Polish–Soviet War and All-Russian Central Executive Committee

Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War

The Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War consisted of a series of multi-national military expeditions that began in 1918. Polish–Soviet War and Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War are invasions of Russia.

See Polish–Soviet War and Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War

Allies of World War I

The Allies, the Entente or the Triple Entente was an international military coalition of countries led by France, the United Kingdom, Russia, the United States, Italy, and Japan against the Central Powers of Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria in World War I (1914–1918).

See Polish–Soviet War and Allies of World War I

Allies of World War II

The Allies, formally referred to as the United Nations from 1942, were an international military coalition formed during World War II (1939–1945) to oppose the Axis powers.

See Polish–Soviet War and Allies of World War II

Andriy Livytskyi

Andriy Mykolaiovych Livytskyi (Andrii Mykolaiovych Livytskyi; 9 April 1879 – 17 January 1954) was a Ukrainian politician, diplomat, statesman, and lawyer.

See Polish–Soviet War and Andriy Livytskyi

Andrzej Chwalba

Andrzej Chwalba (born 1949 in Częstochowa) is a Polish historian.

See Polish–Soviet War and Andrzej Chwalba

Anglo-Soviet Trade Agreement

The Anglo-Soviet Trade Agreement was an agreement signed on 16 March 1921 to facilitate trade between the United Kingdom and the Russian Socialist Federal Soviet Republic.

See Polish–Soviet War and Anglo-Soviet Trade Agreement

Anna M. Cienciala

Anna Maria Cienciala (November 8, 1929 – December 24, 2014) was a Polish-American historian and author.

See Polish–Soviet War and Anna M. Cienciala

Anti-Polish sentiment

Polonophobia, also referred to as anti-Polonism (Antypolonizm) or anti-Polish sentiment are terms for negative attitudes, prejudices, and actions against Poles as an ethnic group, Poland as their country, and their culture.

See Polish–Soviet War and Anti-Polish sentiment

Antisemitism

Antisemitism (also spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism) is hostility to, prejudice towards, or discrimination against, Jews.

See Polish–Soviet War and Antisemitism

Anton Denikin

Anton Ivanovich Denikin (Антон Иванович Деникин,; – 7 August 1947) was a Russian military leader who served as the acting supreme ruler of the Russian State and the commander-in-chief of the armed forces of South Russia during the Russian Civil War of 1917–1923.

See Polish–Soviet War and Anton Denikin

Antoni Czubiński

Antoni Czubiński (22 November 1928 in Konin, Poland – 10 February 2003 in Poznań, Poland) was a Polish historian and director of the Western Institute (Instytut Zachodni) in Poznań from 1978 to 1990.

See Polish–Soviet War and Antoni Czubiński

Antoni Listowski

Antoni Listowski (29 March 1865, Warsaw - 13 September 1927, Warsaw) was a Polish military officer.

See Polish–Soviet War and Antoni Listowski

Armistice

An armistice is a formal agreement of warring parties to stop fighting.

See Polish–Soviet War and Armistice

Armistice of 11 November 1918

The Armistice of 11 November 1918 was the armistice signed at Le Francport near Compiègne that ended fighting on land, at sea, and in the air in World War I between the Entente and their last remaining opponent, Germany.

See Polish–Soviet War and Armistice of 11 November 1918

August Kork

August Ivanovich Kork (also Аугуст Яанович Корк; 11 June 1937) was an Estonian Red Army commander (Komandarm 2nd rank) who was tried and executed during the Great Purge in 1937.

See Polish–Soviet War and August Kork

Austria

Austria, formally the Republic of Austria, is a landlocked country in Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps.

See Polish–Soviet War and Austria

Austria-Hungary

Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918.

See Polish–Soviet War and Austria-Hungary

Autonomy

In developmental psychology and moral, political, and bioethical philosophy, autonomy is the capacity to make an informed, uncoerced decision.

See Polish–Soviet War and Autonomy

Aviel Roshwald

Aviel Roshwald is an American historian and Professor of history at Georgetown University.

See Polish–Soviet War and Aviel Roshwald

Avuta

The Avuta (Авута Avuta; Аута Auta) is a river that flows through Belarus into the Dysna near the village of Bychinshchina.

See Polish–Soviet War and Avuta

Żeligowski's Mutiny

Żeligowski's Mutiny (bunt Żeligowskiego, also, Želigovskio maištas) was a Polish false flag operation led by General Lucjan Żeligowski in October 1920, which resulted in the creation of the Republic of Central Lithuania.

See Polish–Soviet War and Żeligowski's Mutiny

Żydokomuna

(Polish for "Judeo-Communism") is an anti-communist and antisemitic canard, or a pejorative stereotype, suggesting that most Jews collaborated with the Soviet Union in importing communism into Poland, or that there was an exclusively Jewish conspiracy to do so.

See Polish–Soviet War and Żydokomuna

Babruysk

Babruysk or Bobruysk (Babrujsk,; Бобруйск,; Bobroysk) is a city in Mogilev Region, Belarus.

See Polish–Soviet War and Babruysk

Baltic region

The Baltic Sea Region, alternatively the Baltic Rim countries (or simply the Baltic Rim), and the Baltic Sea countries/states, refers to the general area surrounding the Baltic Sea, including parts of Northern, Central and Eastern Europe.

See Polish–Soviet War and Baltic region

Baltic Sea

The Baltic Sea is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that is enclosed by Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Sweden, and the North and Central European Plain.

See Polish–Soviet War and Baltic Sea

Baltic states

The Baltic states or the Baltic countries is a geopolitical term encompassing Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania.

See Polish–Soviet War and Baltic states

Bar, Ukraine

Bar (Бар; Bar; Бар) is a city located on the Riv River in Vinnytsia Oblast, the central Ukraine.

See Polish–Soviet War and Bar, Ukraine

Baranavichy

Baranavichy (Баранавічы,; Baranovichi; באַראַנאָוויטש; Baranowicze; Baranovičiai) is a city in Brest Region, western Belarus.

See Polish–Soviet War and Baranavichy

Barysaw

Barysaw or Borisov (Barysaŭ,; Борисов) is a city in Minsk Region, Belarus.

See Polish–Soviet War and Barysaw

Basic Books

Basic Books is a book publisher founded in 1950 and located in New York City, now an imprint of Hachette Book Group.

See Polish–Soviet War and Basic Books

Battalion

A battalion is a military unit, typically consisting of up to one thousand soldiers commanded by a lieutenant colonel and subdivided into a number of companies, each typically commanded by a major or a captain.

See Polish–Soviet War and Battalion

Battle of Żabinka (July 1920)

The battle of Żabinka was fought between the Polish 63rd Infantry Regiment under Captain Władysław Koczorowski and units of the Soviet 10th Rifle Division on 30 July 1920 during Mikhail Tuchaczewski's July offensive of the Western Front during the Polish-Bolshevik War.

See Polish–Soviet War and Battle of Żabinka (July 1920)

Battle of Bereza Kartuska

The Battle of Bereza Kartuska was fought between the Second Polish Republic and Soviet Russia around the village Bereza Kartuska (now Byaroza, Belarus) first on 14 February 1919, and again between 21 and 26 July 1920.

See Polish–Soviet War and Battle of Bereza Kartuska

Battle of Brody (1941)

The Battle of Brody (other names in use include Battle of Dubna, Battle of Dubno, Battle of Rovne, Battle of Rovne-Brody) was a tank battle fought between the 1st Panzer Group's III Army Corps and XLVIII Army Corps (Motorized) and five mechanized corps of the Soviet 5th Army and 6th Army in the triangle formed by the towns of Dubno, Lutsk and Brody between 23 and 30 June 1941.

See Polish–Soviet War and Battle of Brody (1941)

Battle of Daugavpils

The Battle of Daugavpils, or Battle of Dyneburg, was the final battle during the Polish-Soviet War of 1919.

See Polish–Soviet War and Battle of Daugavpils

Battle of Dęblin and Mińsk Mazowiecki

The Battle of Dęblin and Mińsk Mazowiecki took place on August 16–18, 1920 during the Polish–Soviet War.

See Polish–Soviet War and Battle of Dęblin and Mińsk Mazowiecki

Battle of Komarów

The Battle of Komarów, or the Zamość Ring, was one of the most important battles of the Polish-Soviet War.

See Polish–Soviet War and Battle of Komarów

Battle of Lwów (1920)

During the Polish-Soviet War of 1920 the city of Lwów (modern Lviv, Ukraine) was attacked by the forces of Alexander Ilyich Yegorov.

See Polish–Soviet War and Battle of Lwów (1920)

Battle of Ossów

The Battle of Ossów took place in the fields near Wołomin on 14 August 1920.

See Polish–Soviet War and Battle of Ossów

Battle of Radzymin (1920)

The Battle of Radzymin (Bitwa pod Radzyminem) took place during the Polish–Soviet War (1919–21).

See Polish–Soviet War and Battle of Radzymin (1920)

Battle of the Niemen River

The Battle of the Niemen River was the second-greatest battle of the Polish–Soviet War.

See Polish–Soviet War and Battle of the Niemen River

Battle of Warsaw (1920)

The Battle of Warsaw (Bitwa Warszawska; Варшавская битва, Varshavskaya bitva), also known as the Miracle on the Vistula (Cud nad Wisłą), was a series of battles that resulted in a decisive Polish victory in 1920 during the Polish–Soviet War.

See Polish–Soviet War and Battle of Warsaw (1920)

Battle of Zadwórze

Battle of Zadwórze (sometimes referred to as the "Polish Thermopylae") took place during the Polish-Soviet War.

See Polish–Soviet War and Battle of Zadwórze

Bavarian Soviet Republic

The Bavarian Soviet Republic (or Bavarian Council Republic), also known as the Munich Soviet Republic (Räterepublik Baiern, Münchner Räterepublik), was a short-lived unrecognised socialist state in Bavaria during the German revolution of 1918–1919.

See Polish–Soviet War and Bavarian Soviet Republic

Belarus

Belarus, officially the Republic of Belarus, is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe.

See Polish–Soviet War and Belarus

Belarusians

Belarusians (biełarusy) are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Belarus.

See Polish–Soviet War and Belarusians

Belgium

Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe.

See Polish–Soviet War and Belgium

Berestechko

Berestechko (Берестечко) is a city in Lutsk Raion, Volyn Oblast, Ukraine.

See Polish–Soviet War and Berestechko

Berezina

The Berezina or Byarezina (Biarezina,; Березина) is a river in Belarus and a right tributary of the Dnieper.

See Polish–Soviet War and Berezina

Berlin

Berlin is the capital and largest city of Germany, both by area and by population.

See Polish–Soviet War and Berlin

Białowieża

Białowieża is a village in Poland's Podlaskie Voivodeship, in the middle of the Białowieża Forest, to which it gave its name.

See Polish–Soviet War and Białowieża

Białystok

Białystok is the largest city in northeastern Poland and the capital of the Podlaskie Voivodeship.

See Polish–Soviet War and Białystok

Black Sea

The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia.

See Polish–Soviet War and Black Sea

Blue Army (Poland)

The Blue Army (Polish: Błękitna Armia; French: Armée bleue), or Haller's Army, was a Polish military contingent created in France during the latter stages of World War I. The name came from the French-issued blue military uniforms worn by the soldiers.

See Polish–Soviet War and Blue Army (Poland)

Bohdan Urbankowski

Bohdan Urbankowski (19 May 1943 – 15 June 2023) was a Polish writer, poet, and philosopher.

See Polish–Soviet War and Bohdan Urbankowski

Bolsheviks

The Bolsheviks (italic,; from большинство,, 'majority'), led by Vladimir Lenin, were a far-left faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split with the Mensheviks at the Second Party Congress in 1903.

See Polish–Soviet War and Bolsheviks

Boris Savinkov

Boris Viktorovich Savinkov (Бори́с Ви́кторович Са́винков; 31 January 1879 – 7 May 1925) was a Russian writer and revolutionary.

See Polish–Soviet War and Boris Savinkov

Bourgeoisie

The bourgeoisie are a class of business owners and merchants which emerged in the Late Middle Ages, originally as a "middle class" between peasantry and aristocracy.

See Polish–Soviet War and Bourgeoisie

Brest Fortress

Brest Fortress (Брэсцкая крэпасць,; Twierdza brzeska, Bresto tvirtovė, Брестская крепость), formerly known as Brest-Litoŭsk Fortress, is a 19th-century fortress in Brest, Belarus.

See Polish–Soviet War and Brest Fortress

Brest, Belarus

Brest, formerly Brest-Litovsk and Brest-on-the-Bug, is a city in Belarus at the border with Poland opposite the Polish town of Terespol, where the Bug and Mukhavets rivers meet, making it a border town.

See Polish–Soviet War and Brest, Belarus

Brill Publishers

Brill Academic Publishers, also known as E. J. Brill, Koninklijke Brill, Brill, is a Dutch international academic publisher of books and journals.

See Polish–Soviet War and Brill Publishers

British Armed Forces

The British Armed Forces are the military forces responsible for the defence of the United Kingdom, its Overseas Territories and the Crown Dependencies.

See Polish–Soviet War and British Armed Forces

British Military Mission to Poland

The British Military Mission to Poland was an effort by Britain to aid the nascent Second Polish Republic after it achieved its independence in November 1918, at the end of the First World War.

See Polish–Soviet War and British Military Mission to Poland

Brody

Brody (Броди; Brody; Brody; Brod) is a city in Zolochiv Raion, Lviv Oblast, western Ukraine.

See Polish–Soviet War and Brody

Bug (river)

The Bug or Western Bug is a major river in Central Europe that flows through Belarus (border), Poland, and Ukraine, with a total length of.

See Polish–Soviet War and Bug (river)

Byaroza

Byaroza (Biaroza; Beryoza; also spelled Bereza), formerly Byaroza-Kartuzskaya, is a town in Brest Region, Belarus.

See Polish–Soviet War and Byaroza

Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic

The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR or Byelorussian SSR; Беларуская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка; Белорусская Советская Социалистическая Республика), also known as Byelorussia, was a republic of the Soviet Union (USSR).

See Polish–Soviet War and Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic

C. Hurst & Co.

Hurst Publishers (C. Hurst & Co Publishers Ltd) is an independent non-fiction publisher based in the Bloomsbury area of London.

See Polish–Soviet War and C. Hurst & Co.

Cambridge University Press

Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge.

See Polish–Soviet War and Cambridge University Press

Camps for Russian prisoners and internees in Poland (1919–1924)

Camps for Russian prisoners and internees in Poland that existed during 1919–1924 housed two main categories of detainees: the personnel of the Imperial Russian Army and civilians, captured by Germany during World War I and left on Polish territory after the end of the war; and the Soviet military personnel captured during the Polish–Soviet War, the vast majority of them captured as a result of the battles of 1920.

See Polish–Soviet War and Camps for Russian prisoners and internees in Poland (1919–1924)

Capital punishment

Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty and formerly called judicial homicide, is the state-sanctioned killing of a person as punishment for actual or supposed misconduct.

See Polish–Soviet War and Capital punishment

Capitalism

Capitalism is an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit.

See Polish–Soviet War and Capitalism

Catholic Church

The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2024.

See Polish–Soviet War and Catholic Church

Caucasus

The Caucasus or Caucasia, is a transcontinental region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, mainly comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and parts of Southern Russia.

See Polish–Soviet War and Caucasus

Ceasefire

A ceasefire (also known as a truce or armistice), also spelled cease fire (the antonym of 'open fire'), is a stoppage of a war in which each side agrees with the other to suspend aggressive actions, often due to mediation by a third party.

See Polish–Soviet War and Ceasefire

Central and Eastern Europe

Central and Eastern Europe is a geopolitical term encompassing the countries in Northeast Europe (primarily the Baltics), Central Europe, Eastern Europe, and Southeast Europe (primarily the Balkans), usually meaning former communist states from the Eastern Bloc and Warsaw Pact in Europe, as well as from former Yugoslavia.

See Polish–Soviet War and Central and Eastern Europe

Central Powers

The Central Powers, also known as the Central Empires,Mittelmächte; Központi hatalmak; İttıfâq Devletleri, Bağlaşma Devletleri; translit were one of the two main coalitions that fought in World War I (1914–1918).

See Polish–Soviet War and Central Powers

Central Ukraine

Central Ukraine (Tsentralna Ukraina) consists of historical regions of left-bank Ukraine and right-bank Ukraine that reference to the Dnieper River.

See Polish–Soviet War and Central Ukraine

CEU Press

The Central European University Press, commonly known as the CEU Press, abbreviated as CEUP, is an academic publisher with close connections to the Central European University.

See Polish–Soviet War and CEU Press

Charles de Gaulle

Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (22 November 18909 November 1970) was a French military officer and statesman who led the Free French Forces against Nazi Germany in World War II and chaired the Provisional Government of the French Republic from 1944 to 1946 to restore democracy in France.

See Polish–Soviet War and Charles de Gaulle

Charles Scribner's Sons

Charles Scribner's Sons, or simply Scribner's or Scribner, is an American publisher based in New York City, known for publishing American authors including Henry James, Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Kurt Vonnegut, Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, Stephen King, Robert A. Heinlein, Thomas Wolfe, George Santayana, John Clellon Holmes, Don DeLillo, and Edith Wharton.

See Polish–Soviet War and Charles Scribner's Sons

Chief of staff

The title chief of staff (or head of staff) identifies the leader of a complex organization such as the armed forces, institution, or body of persons and it also may identify a principal staff officer (PSO), who is the coordinator of the supporting staff or a primary aide-de-camp to an important individual, such as a president, or a senior military officer, or leader of a large organization.

See Polish–Soviet War and Chief of staff

Chief of State (Poland)

The Chief of State (Naczelnik Państwa) was the title of the head of state of Poland in the early years of the Second Polish Republic.

See Polish–Soviet War and Chief of State (Poland)

Cieszyn Silesia

Cieszyn Silesia, Těšín Silesia or Teschen Silesia (Śląsk Cieszyński; Těšínské Slezsko or Těšínsko; Teschener Schlesien or Olsagebiet) is a historical region in south-eastern Silesia, centered on the towns of Cieszyn and Český Těšín and bisected by the Olza River.

See Polish–Soviet War and Cieszyn Silesia

Cipher

In cryptography, a cipher (or cypher) is an algorithm for performing encryption or decryption—a series of well-defined steps that can be followed as a procedure.

See Polish–Soviet War and Cipher

Cipher Bureau (Poland)

The Cipher Bureau (Polish: Biuro Szyfrów) was the interwar Polish General Staff's Second Department's unit charged with SIGINT and both cryptography (the use of ciphers and codes) and cryptanalysis (the study of ciphers and codes, for the purpose of "breaking" them).

See Polish–Soviet War and Cipher Bureau (Poland)

Clara Zetkin

Clara Zetkin (née Eißner; 5 July 1857 – 20 June 1933) was a German Marxist theorist, communist activist, and advocate for women's rights.

See Polish–Soviet War and Clara Zetkin

Columbia University

Columbia University, officially Columbia University in the City of New York, is a private Ivy League research university in New York City.

See Polish–Soviet War and Columbia University

Commissar

Commissar (or sometimes Kommissar) is an English transliteration of the Russian комиссáр (komissar), which means 'commissary'.

See Polish–Soviet War and Commissar

Communism in Poland

Communism in Poland can trace its origins to the late 19th century: the Marxist First Proletariat party was founded in 1882.

See Polish–Soviet War and Communism in Poland

Communist International

The Communist International (Comintern), also known as the Third International, was an international organization founded in 1919 that advocated world communism, and which was led and controlled by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

See Polish–Soviet War and Communist International

Communist Party of Ukraine (Soviet Union)

The Communist Party of Ukraine (translit, КПУ, KPU; translit) was the founding and ruling political party of the Ukrainian SSR operated as a republican branch (union republics) of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU).

See Polish–Soviet War and Communist Party of Ukraine (Soviet Union)

Communist Party of Western Belorussia

The Communist Party of Western Belorussia (Komunistyczna Partia Zachodniej Białorusi, KPZB; Камуністычная партыя Заходняй Беларусі, КПЗБ) was a banned political party in the Interwar Poland, active in the territory of present-day West Belarus from 1923 until 1939; in Polesie (1932–1933) Słonim county (1934) and Vilnius.

See Polish–Soviet War and Communist Party of Western Belorussia

Communist revolution

A communist revolution is a proletarian revolution inspired by the ideas of Marxism that aims to replace capitalism with communism.

See Polish–Soviet War and Communist revolution

Conference of Ambassadors

The Conference of Ambassadors of the Principal Allied and Associated Powers was an inter-allied organization of the Entente in the period following the end of World War I. Formed in Paris in January 1920 it became a successor of the Supreme War Council and was later on de facto incorporated into the League of Nations as one of its governing bodies.

See Polish–Soviet War and Conference of Ambassadors

Congress of Vienna

The Congress of Vienna of 1814–1815 was a series of international diplomatic meetings to discuss and agree upon a possible new layout of the European political and constitutional order after the downfall of the French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte.

See Polish–Soviet War and Congress of Vienna

Congress Poland

Congress Poland or Congress Kingdom of Poland, formally known as the Kingdom of Poland, was a polity created in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna as a semi-autonomous Polish state, a successor to Napoleon's Duchy of Warsaw.

See Polish–Soviet War and Congress Poland

Conscription

Conscription is the state-mandated enlistment of people in a national service, mainly a military service.

See Polish–Soviet War and Conscription

Constitution of Latvia

The Constitution of Latvia (Satversme) is the fundamental law of the Republic of Latvia.

See Polish–Soviet War and Constitution of Latvia

Controversies of the Polish–Soviet War

Controversies of the Polish–Soviet War, fought in 1919–20, concerning the behaviour of the military forces and crimes they committed.

See Polish–Soviet War and Controversies of the Polish–Soviet War

Cossacks

The Cossacks are a predominantly East Slavic Orthodox Christian people originating in the Pontic–Caspian steppe of eastern Ukraine and southern Russia.

See Polish–Soviet War and Cossacks

Council of National Defense (Poland)

The Council of National Defense (Rada Obrony Państwa) was an extraordinary temporary governmental body created by a decree of the Sejm of the Second Polish Republic, of 1 July 1920.

See Polish–Soviet War and Council of National Defense (Poland)

Council of People's Commissars

The Council of People's Commissars (CPC) (Sovet narodnykh kommissarov (SNK)), commonly known as the Sovnarkom (Совнарком), were the highest executive authorities of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), the Soviet Union (USSR), and the Soviet republics from 1917 to 1946.

See Polish–Soviet War and Council of People's Commissars

Crimea

Crimea is a peninsula in Eastern Europe, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, almost entirely surrounded by the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov.

See Polish–Soviet War and Crimea

Crown of the Kingdom of Poland

The Crown of the Kingdom of Poland (Korona Królestwa Polskiego; Corona Regni Poloniae) was a political and legal idea formed in the 14th century, assuming unity, indivisibility and continuity of the state.

See Polish–Soviet War and Crown of the Kingdom of Poland

Cryptography

Cryptography, or cryptology (from κρυπτός|translit.

See Polish–Soviet War and Cryptography

Culture of Ukraine

The culture of Ukraine is composed of the material and spiritual values of the Ukrainian people that has formed throughout the history of Ukraine.

See Polish–Soviet War and Culture of Ukraine

Curzon Line

The Curzon Line was a proposed demarcation line between the Second Polish Republic and the Soviet Union, two new states emerging after World War I. Based on a suggestion by Herbert James Paton, it was first proposed in 1919 by Lord Curzon, the British Foreign Secretary, to the Supreme War Council as a diplomatic basis for a future border agreement.

See Polish–Soviet War and Curzon Line

Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovakia (Czech and Československo, Česko-Slovensko) was a landlocked state in Central Europe, created in 1918, when it declared its independence from Austria-Hungary.

See Polish–Soviet War and Czechoslovakia

Daugava

The Daugava (Daugova; Dźwina; Düna) or Western Dvina (translit; Заходняя Дзвіна; Väina; Väinäjoki) is a large river rising in the Valdai Hills of Russia that flows through Belarus and Latvia into the Gulf of Riga of the Baltic Sea.

See Polish–Soviet War and Daugava

Daugavpils

Daugavpils (see also other names) is a state city in southeastern Latvia, located on the banks of the Daugava River, from which the city derives its name.

See Polish–Soviet War and Daugavpils

David Lloyd George

David Lloyd George, 1st Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor, (17 January 1863 – 26 March 1945) was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1916 to 1922.

See Polish–Soviet War and David Lloyd George

David R. Stone

David Russell Stone (born 1968) is an American military historian and the William Eldridge Odom Professor of Russian Studies in the Strategy and Policy Department at the U.S. Naval War College.

See Polish–Soviet War and David R. Stone

Desertion

Desertion is the abandonment of a military duty or post without permission (a pass, liberty or leave) and is done with the intention of not returning.

See Polish–Soviet War and Desertion

Dictatorship of the proletariat

In Marxist philosophy, the dictatorship of the proletariat is a condition in which the proletariat, or working class, holds control over state power.

See Polish–Soviet War and Dictatorship of the proletariat

Directorate of Ukraine

The Directorate, or Directory was a provisional collegiate revolutionary state committee of the Ukrainian People's Republic, initially formed on 13–14 November 1918 during a session of the Ukrainian National Union in rebellion against the Ukrainian State.

See Polish–Soviet War and Directorate of Ukraine

Dissolution of the Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was formally dissolved as a sovereign state and subject of international law on 26 December 1991 by Declaration № 142-Н of the Soviet of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union.

See Polish–Soviet War and Dissolution of the Soviet Union

Dmowski's Line

Dmowski's Line (Linia Dmowskiego) was a proposed border of Poland after World War I. It was proposed by the Polish delegation at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919 and it was named after Roman Dmowski, Polish foreign minister.

See Polish–Soviet War and Dmowski's Line

Dnieper

The Dnieper, also called Dnepr or Dnipro, is one of the major transboundary rivers of Europe, rising in the Valdai Hills near Smolensk, Russia, before flowing through Belarus and Ukraine to the Black Sea.

See Polish–Soviet War and Dnieper

Dockworker

A dockworker (also called a longshoreman, stevedore, or docker) is a waterfront manual laborer who loads and unloads ships.

See Polish–Soviet War and Dockworker

Duchy of Warsaw

The Duchy of Warsaw (Księstwo Warszawskie; Duché de Varsovie; Herzogtum Warschau), also known as the Grand Duchy of Warsaw and Napoleonic Poland, was a French client state established by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1807, during the Napoleonic Wars.

See Polish–Soviet War and Duchy of Warsaw

Dysna

The Dysna (Dzisna; Disna) is a river that flows through Lithuania and Belarus into the Daugava River near the town of Dzisna.

See Polish–Soviet War and Dysna

Dzerkalo Tyzhnia

Dzerkalo Tyzhnia (Дзеркало тижня), usually referred to in English as the Mirror of the week, is a Ukrainian online newspaper; it was one of Ukraine's most influential analytical weekly-publisher newspapers, founded in 1994.

See Polish–Soviet War and Dzerkalo Tyzhnia

East Prussia

East Prussia was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1772 to 1829 and again from 1878 (with the Kingdom itself being part of the German Empire from 1871); following World War I it formed part of the Weimar Republic's Free State of Prussia, until 1945.

See Polish–Soviet War and East Prussia

East Slavs

The East Slavs are the most populous subgroup of the Slavs.

See Polish–Soviet War and East Slavs

Eastern Belorussia

Eastern Belorussia (Eastern Belarus; translit) is a historical region of Belarus traditionally inhabited by members of the Eastern Orthodox Church, in contrast to the largely-Catholic western Belorussia.

See Polish–Soviet War and Eastern Belorussia

Eastern Bloc

The Eastern Bloc, also known as the Communist Bloc (Combloc), the Socialist Bloc, and the Soviet Bloc, was the unofficial coalition of communist states of Central and Eastern Europe, Asia, Africa, and Latin America that were aligned with the Soviet Union and existed during the Cold War (1947–1991).

See Polish–Soviet War and Eastern Bloc

Eastern Europe

Eastern Europe is a subregion of the European continent.

See Polish–Soviet War and Eastern Europe

Eastern Front (World War I)

The Eastern Front or Eastern Theater of World War I (Ostfront; Frontul de răsărit; Vostochny front) was a theater of operations that encompassed at its greatest extent the entire frontier between Russia and Romania on one side and Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, the Ottoman Empire, and Germany on the other. Polish–Soviet War and Eastern Front (World War I) are invasions of Russia.

See Polish–Soviet War and Eastern Front (World War I)

Eastern Galicia

Eastern Galicia (Skhidna Halychyna; Galicja Wschodnia; Ostgalizien) is a geographical region in Western Ukraine (present day oblasts of Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk and Ternopil), having also essential historic importance in Poland.

See Polish–Soviet War and Eastern Galicia

Eastern Orthodox Church

The Eastern Orthodox Church, officially the Orthodox Catholic Church, and also called the Greek Orthodox Church or simply the Orthodox Church, is the second-largest Christian church, with approximately 230 million baptised members.

See Polish–Soviet War and Eastern Orthodox Church

Eastern Ukraine

Eastern Ukraine or east Ukraine (Skhidna Ukrayina; Vostochnaya Ukraina) is primarily the territory of Ukraine east of the Dnipro (or Dnieper) river, particularly Kharkiv, Luhansk and Donetsk oblasts (provinces).

See Polish–Soviet War and Eastern Ukraine

Edgar Vincent, 1st Viscount D'Abernon

Edgar Vincent, 1st Viscount D'Abernon, (19 August 1857 – 1 November 1941) was a British politician, diplomat, art collector and author.

See Polish–Soviet War and Edgar Vincent, 1st Viscount D'Abernon

Edvard Beneš

Edvard Beneš (28 May 1884 – 3 September 1948) was a Czech politician and statesman who served as the president of Czechoslovakia from 1935 to 1938, and again from 1939 to 1948.

See Polish–Soviet War and Edvard Beneš

Edward Rydz-Śmigły

Marshal Edward Rydz-Śmigły also called Edward Śmigły-Rydz, (11 March 1886 – 2 December 1941) was a Polish politician, statesman, Marshal of Poland and Commander-in-Chief of Poland's armed forces, as well as a painter and poet.

See Polish–Soviet War and Edward Rydz-Śmigły

Encyclopædia Britannica

The British Encyclopaedia is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.

See Polish–Soviet War and Encyclopædia Britannica

Estonia

Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe.

See Polish–Soviet War and Estonia

Estonian War of Independence

The Estonian War of Independence, also known as the Estonian Liberation War, was a defensive campaign of the Estonian Army and its allies, most notably the United Kingdom, against the Soviet Russian westward offensive of 1918–1919 and the 1919 aggression of the pro–German Baltische Landeswehr.

See Polish–Soviet War and Estonian War of Independence

Ethnicity

An ethnicity or ethnic group is a group of people who identify with each other on the basis of perceived shared attributes that distinguish them from other groups.

See Polish–Soviet War and Ethnicity

Ethnography

Ethnography is a branch of anthropology and the systematic study of individual cultures.

See Polish–Soviet War and Ethnography

Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.

See Polish–Soviet War and Europe

Eustachy Sapieha

Eustachy Kajetan Sapieha (2 August 1881 – 20 February 1963) was a Polish nobleman, prince of the Sapieha family, politician, Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs, and deputy to the Polish parliament (Sejm).

See Polish–Soviet War and Eustachy Sapieha

Evan Mawdsley

Evan Mawdsley (born 1945) is a British historian and former Professor of International History at the University of Glasgow's School of Humanities.

See Polish–Soviet War and Evan Mawdsley

Felix Dzerzhinsky

Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky (Феликс Эдмундович Дзержинский; Feliks Edmundowicz Dzierżyński; – 20 July 1926), nicknamed "Iron Felix", was a Soviet revolutionary and politician of Polish origin.

See Polish–Soviet War and Felix Dzerzhinsky

Ferdinand Foch

Ferdinand Foch (2 October 1851 – 20 March 1929) was a French general, Marshal of France and member of the Académie Française.

See Polish–Soviet War and Ferdinand Foch

Finland

Finland, officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe.

See Polish–Soviet War and Finland

Finnish Civil War

The Finnish Civil War was a civil war in Finland in 1918 fought for the leadership and control of the country between White Finland and the Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic (Red Finland) during the country's transition from a grand duchy ruled by the Russian Empire to a fully independent state. Polish–Soviet War and Finnish Civil War are Subsidiary conflicts of World War I.

See Polish–Soviet War and Finnish Civil War

First Partition of Poland

The First Partition of Poland took place in 1772 as the first of three partitions that eventually ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795.

See Polish–Soviet War and First Partition of Poland

First Polish Army (1920)

The First Army was a field army of the Polish Army that existed during the Polish–Soviet War.

See Polish–Soviet War and First Polish Army (1920)

Former eastern territories of Germany

The former eastern territories of Germany refer in present-day Germany to those territories east of the current eastern border of Germany, i.e., the Oder–Neisse line, which historically had been considered German and which were annexed by Poland and the Soviet Union after World War II in Europe.

See Polish–Soviet War and Former eastern territories of Germany

France

France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe.

See Polish–Soviet War and France

Franciszek Latinik

Franciszek Ksawery Latinik (17 July 1864 – 29 August 1949) was a Polish military officer, Colonel of Austro-Hungarian Army and Major General of the Polish Army.

See Polish–Soviet War and Franciszek Latinik

Franco-Polish alliance

The Franco-Polish Alliance was the military alliance between Poland and France that was active between the early 1920s and the outbreak of the Second World War.

See Polish–Soviet War and Franco-Polish alliance

French Military Mission to Poland

The French Military Mission to Poland was an effort by France to aid the nascent Second Polish Republic after it achieved its independence in November 1918, at the end of the First World War.

See Polish–Soviet War and French Military Mission to Poland

French Section of the Workers' International

The French Section of the Workers' International (Section française de l'Internationale ouvrière, SFIO) was a political party in France that was founded in 1905 and succeeded in 1969 by the modern-day Socialist Party.

See Polish–Soviet War and French Section of the Workers' International

Front (military formation)

A front (front) is a type of military formation that originated in the Russian Empire, and has been used by the Polish Army, the Red Army, the Soviet Army, and Turkey.

See Polish–Soviet War and Front (military formation)

Gaia Gai

Hayk Bzhishkian (Հայկ Բժշկյան,, also known as Guy Dmitrievich Guy, Gai Dmitrievich Gai (Гай Дмитриевич Гай), Gaya Gai (Гая Гай), – 11 December 1937), was a Soviet military commander of Armenian origin who fought in the Russian Civil War and Polish–Soviet War.

See Polish–Soviet War and Gaia Gai

Galicia (Eastern Europe)

Galicia (. Collins English Dictionary Galicja,; translit,; Galitsye) is a historical and geographic region spanning what is now southeastern Poland and western Ukraine, long part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

See Polish–Soviet War and Galicia (Eastern Europe)

Galician Soviet Socialist Republic

The Galician Socialist Soviet Republic was a short-lived, self-declared Bolshevik political entity that existed from 15 July to formally 21 September 1920 with the capital in the city of Tarnopol (Ternopil).

See Polish–Soviet War and Galician Soviet Socialist Republic

Gazeta Wyborcza

(The Electoral Gazette in English) is a Polish nationwide daily newspaper based in Warsaw, Poland.

See Polish–Soviet War and Gazeta Wyborcza

General strike

A general strike is a strike action in which participants cease all economic activity, such as working, to strengthen the bargaining position of a trade union or achieve a common social or political goal.

See Polish–Soviet War and General strike

George Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston

George Nathaniel Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston, (11 January 1859 – 20 March 1925), styled The Honourable between 1858 and 1898, then known as The Lord Curzon of Kedleston between 1898 and 1911, and The Earl Curzon of Kedleston between 1911 and 1921, was a prominent British statesman, Conservative politician and writer who served as Viceroy of India from 1899 to 1905.

See Polish–Soviet War and George Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston

Georgy Chicherin

Georgy Vasilyevich Chicherin (or Tchitcherin; Георгий Васильевич Чичерин; 24 November 1872 – 7 July 1936) was a Russian Marxist revolutionary and a Soviet politician who served as the first People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs in the Soviet government from March 1918 to July 1930.

See Polish–Soviet War and Georgy Chicherin

German Empire

The German Empire, also referred to as Imperial Germany, the Second Reich or simply Germany, was the period of the German Reich from the unification of Germany in 1871 until the November Revolution in 1918, when the German Reich changed its form of government from a monarchy to a republic.

See Polish–Soviet War and German Empire

German occupation of Lithuania during World War II

The military occupation of Lithuania by Nazi Germany lasted from the German invasion of the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941, to the end of the Battle of Memel on January 28, 1945.

See Polish–Soviet War and German occupation of Lithuania during World War II

Germany–Soviet Union relations, 1918–1941

German–Soviet Union relations date to the aftermath of the First World War.

See Polish–Soviet War and Germany–Soviet Union relations, 1918–1941

God's Playground

God's Playground: A History of Poland is a history book in two volumes written by Norman Davies, covering a 1000-year history of Poland.

See Polish–Soviet War and God's Playground

Google Books

Google Books (previously known as Google Book Search, Google Print, and by its code-name Project Ocean) is a service from Google that searches the full text of books and magazines that Google has scanned, converted to text using optical character recognition (OCR), and stored in its digital database.

See Polish–Soviet War and Google Books

Grand Duchy of Lithuania

The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a sovereign state in northeastern Europe that existed from the 13th century, succeeding the Kingdom of Lithuania, to the late 18th century, when the territory was suppressed during the 1795 partitions of Poland–Lithuania.

See Polish–Soviet War and Grand Duchy of Lithuania

Great Purge

The Great Purge, or the Great Terror (translit), also known as the Year of '37 (label) and the Yezhovshchina (label), was Soviet General Secretary Joseph Stalin's campaign to consolidate power over the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and Soviet state.

See Polish–Soviet War and Great Purge

Greater Poland uprising (1918–1919)

The Greater Poland uprising of 1918–1919, or Wielkopolska uprising of 1918–1919 (powstanie wielkopolskie 1918–1919 roku; Großpolnischer Aufstand) or Posnanian War was a military insurrection of Poles in the Greater Poland region (German: Grand Duchy of Posen or Provinz Posen) against German rule.

See Polish–Soviet War and Greater Poland uprising (1918–1919)

Grigori F. Krivosheev

Grigoriy Fedotovich Krivosheyev (Григорий Федотович Кривошеев, 15 September 1929 – 29 April 2019) was a Russian military historian and a Colonel General of the Russian military.

See Polish–Soviet War and Grigori F. Krivosheev

Grodno

Grodno (Гродно; Grodno) or Hrodna (Гродна) is a city in western Belarus.

See Polish–Soviet War and Grodno

H. H. Asquith

Herbert Henry Asquith, 1st Earl of Oxford and Asquith (12 September 1852 – 15 February 1928), generally known as H. H. Asquith, was a British politician and statesman who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1908 to 1916.

See Polish–Soviet War and H. H. Asquith

Habsburg monarchy

The Habsburg monarchy, also known as Habsburg Empire, or Habsburg Realm, was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities that were ruled by the House of Habsburg.

See Polish–Soviet War and Habsburg monarchy

HarperCollins

HarperCollins Publishers LLC is a British-American publishing company that is considered to be one of the "Big Five" English-language publishers, along with Penguin Random House, Hachette, Macmillan, and Simon & Schuster.

See Polish–Soviet War and HarperCollins

Head of state

A head of state (or chief of state) is the public persona of a sovereign state.

See Polish–Soviet War and Head of state

Henry Morgenthau Sr.

Henry Morgenthau (April 26, 1856 – November 25, 1946) was a German-born American lawyer and businessman, best known for his role as the ambassador to the Ottoman Empire during World War I. Morgenthau was one of the most prominent Americans who spoke about the Greek genocide and the Armenian genocide of which he stated, "I am firmly convinced that this is the greatest crime of the ages." Morgenthau was the father of the politician Henry Morgenthau Jr.

See Polish–Soviet War and Henry Morgenthau Sr.

Hetman

reason is a political title from Central and Eastern Europe, historically assigned to military commanders (comparable to a field marshal or imperial marshal in the Holy Roman Empire).

See Polish–Soviet War and Hetman

History of Germany during World War I

During World War I, the German Empire was one of the Central Powers.

See Polish–Soviet War and History of Germany during World War I

History of Poland (1945–1989)

The history of Poland from 1945 to 1989 spans the period of Marxist–Leninist regime in Poland after the end of World War II.

See Polish–Soviet War and History of Poland (1945–1989)

House of Commons of the United Kingdom

The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

See Polish–Soviet War and House of Commons of the United Kingdom

Hrubieszów

Hrubieszów (Hrubeshiv; Hrubyeshov, or label) is a town in southeastern Poland, with a population of around 18,212 (2016).

See Polish–Soviet War and Hrubieszów

Hungarian Soviet Republic

The Socialist Federative Republic of Councils in Hungary (widely known in English language sources as the Hungarian Soviet Republic due to an early mistranslation in the press) was a short-lived communist state that existed from 21 March 1919 to 1 August 1919 (133 days), succeeding the First Hungarian Republic.

See Polish–Soviet War and Hungarian Soviet Republic

Hungarians

Hungarians, also known as Magyars (magyarok), are a Central European nation and an ethnic group native to Hungary and historical Hungarian lands (i.e. belonging to the former Kingdom of Hungary) who share a common culture, history, ancestry, and language.

See Polish–Soviet War and Hungarians

Hungary

Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe.

See Polish–Soviet War and Hungary

Ignacy Daszyński

Ignacy Ewaryst Daszyński (26 October 1866 – 31 October 1936) was a Polish socialist politician, journalist, and very briefly Prime Minister of the Second Polish Republic's first government, formed in Lublin in 1918.

See Polish–Soviet War and Ignacy Daszyński

Ignacy Jan Paderewski

Ignacy Jan Paderewski (– 29 June 1941) was a Polish pianist, composer and statesman who was a spokesman for Polish independence.

See Polish–Soviet War and Ignacy Jan Paderewski

Imperial German Army

The Imperial German Army (1871–1919), officially referred to as the German Army (Deutsches Heer), was the unified ground and air force of the German Empire.

See Polish–Soviet War and Imperial German Army

Imperial Russian Army

The Imperial Russian Army or Russian Imperial Army (Rússkaya imperátorskaya ármiya) was the armed land force of the Russian Empire, active from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917.

See Polish–Soviet War and Imperial Russian Army

Imperialism

Imperialism is the practice, theory or attitude of maintaining or extending power over foreign nations, particularly through expansionism, employing both hard power (military and economic power) and soft power (diplomatic power and cultural imperialism).

See Polish–Soviet War and Imperialism

Indiana University Press

Indiana University Press, also known as IU Press, is an academic publisher founded in 1950 at Indiana University that specializes in the humanities and social sciences.

See Polish–Soviet War and Indiana University Press

Industrialisation

Industrialisation (UK) or industrialization (US) is the period of social and economic change that transforms a human group from an agrarian society into an industrial society.

See Polish–Soviet War and Industrialisation

Intelligentsia

The intelligentsia is a status class composed of the university-educated people of a society who engage in the complex mental labours by which they critique, shape, and lead in the politics, policies, and culture of their society; as such, the intelligentsia consists of scholars, academics, teachers, journalists, and literary writers.

See Polish–Soviet War and Intelligentsia

Interallied Mission to Poland

The Interallied Mission to Poland was a diplomatic mission launched by British Prime Minister David Lloyd George on 21 July 1920, at the height of the Polish-Soviet War, weeks before the decisive Battle of Warsaw.

See Polish–Soviet War and Interallied Mission to Poland

Intermarium

Intermarium (Międzymorze) was a post-World War I geopolitical plan conceived by Józef Piłsudski to unite former Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth lands within a single polity.

See Polish–Soviet War and Intermarium

Internetowa encyklopedia PWN

Internetowa encyklopedia PWN (Polish for Internet PWN Encyclopedia) is a free online Polish-language encyclopedia published by Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.

See Polish–Soviet War and Internetowa encyklopedia PWN

Internment

Internment is the imprisonment of people, commonly in large groups, without charges or intent to file charges.

See Polish–Soviet War and Internment

Interwar period

In the history of the 20th century, the interwar period (or interbellum) lasted from 11November 1918 to 1September 1939 (20years, 9months, 21days) – from the end of World War I (WWI) to the beginning of World War II (WWII).

See Polish–Soviet War and Interwar period

Istanbul

Istanbul is the largest city in Turkey, straddling the Bosporus Strait, the boundary between Europe and Asia.

See Polish–Soviet War and Istanbul

Isthmus of Perekop

The Isthmus of Perekop, literally Isthmus of the Trench (Перекопський перешийок.; transliteration: Perekops'kyi pereshyiok; Перекопский перешеек; transliteration: Perekopskiy peresheek, Or boynu, Orkapı;; transliteration: Taphros), is the narrow, wide strip of land that connects the Crimean Peninsula to the mainland of Ukraine.

See Polish–Soviet War and Isthmus of Perekop

Italy

Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern and Western Europe.

See Polish–Soviet War and Italy

Jan Dąbski

Jan Dąbski (10 April 1880 in Kukizów, Galicia– 5 June 1931 in Warsaw, Poland) was a Polish politician.

See Polish–Soviet War and Jan Dąbski

Jan Kowalewski

Lt. Col. Jan Kowalewski (23 October 1892 – 31 October 1965) was a Polish cryptologist, intelligence officer, engineer, journalist, military commander, and creator and first head of the Polish Cipher Bureau.

See Polish–Soviet War and Jan Kowalewski

January Uprising

The January Uprising was an insurrection principally in Russia's Kingdom of Poland that was aimed at putting an end to Russian occupation of part of Poland and regaining independence.

See Polish–Soviet War and January Uprising

Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki

Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki (Iosif Romanovich while in the Russian military; sometimes also Dowbór-Muśnicki;; 25 October 1867 – 26 October 1937) was a Russian military officer and Polish general, serving with the Imperial Russian and then Polish armies.

See Polish–Soviet War and Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki

Józef Haller

Józef Haller von Hallenburg (13 August 1873 – 4 June 1960) was a Polish lieutenant general and legionary in the Polish Legions during the First World War.

See Polish–Soviet War and Józef Haller

Józef Kowalski (supercentenarian)

Józef Kowalski (2 February 1900 – 7 December 2013) was a Polish supercentenarian claimant, who was the last surviving military veteran of the Polish-Soviet War.

See Polish–Soviet War and Józef Kowalski (supercentenarian)

Józef Piłsudski

Józef Klemens Piłsudski (5 December 1867 – 12 May 1935) was a Polish statesman who served as the Chief of State (1918–1922) and first Marshal of Poland (from 1920).

See Polish–Soviet War and Józef Piłsudski

Józef Unszlicht

Józef Unszlicht or Iosif Stanislavovich Unshlikht (Ио́сиф Станисла́вович У́ншлихт; nicknames "Jurowski", "Leon"; 31 December 1879 – 29 July 1938) was a Polish and Russian revolutionary activist, a Soviet government official and one of the founders of the Cheka.

See Polish–Soviet War and Józef Unszlicht

Jānis Puriņš

Jānis Puriņš was a Latvian Rifleman and later colonel (since 1925), commander of the 1st Kurzeme Division of the Latvian Army and commander of the Eastern Front during the Latgale liberation operation during the Latvian War of Independence.

See Polish–Soviet War and Jānis Puriņš

Jean Jules Jusserand

Jean Adrien Antoine Jules Jusserand (18 February 1855 – 18 July 1932) was a French author and diplomat.

See Polish–Soviet War and Jean Jules Jusserand

Jerzy Lukowski

Jerzy (George) Tadeusz Lukowski (or Łukowski) is a Polish-British historian at University of Birmingham.

See Polish–Soviet War and Jerzy Lukowski

Jews

The Jews (יְהוּדִים) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites of the ancient Near East, and whose traditional religion is Judaism.

See Polish–Soviet War and Jews

Joanna Michlic

Joanna Beata Michlic is a Polish social and cultural historian specializing in Polish-Jewish history and the Holocaust in Poland.

See Polish–Soviet War and Joanna Michlic

Johns Hopkins University Press

Johns Hopkins University Press (also referred to as JHU Press or JHUP) is the publishing division of Johns Hopkins University.

See Polish–Soviet War and Johns Hopkins University Press

Joseph Stalin

Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; – 5 March 1953) was a Soviet politician and revolutionary who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953.

See Polish–Soviet War and Joseph Stalin

Julian Marchlewski

Julian Baltazar Józef Marchlewski (17 May 1866 – 22 March 1925) was a Polish communist politician, revolutionary activist and publicist who served as chairman of the Provisional Polish Revolutionary Committee.

See Polish–Soviet War and Julian Marchlewski

Juliusz Rómmel

Juliusz Karol Wilhelm Józef Rómmel (Julius Karl Wilhelm Josef Freiherr von Rummel; 3 June 1881 – 8 September 1967) was a Polish military commander, a general of the Polish Armed Forces.

See Polish–Soviet War and Juliusz Rómmel

Kamianets-Podilskyi

Kamianets-Podilskyi (Кам'янець-Подільський) is a city on the Smotrych River in western Ukraine, to the north-east of Chernivtsi.

See Polish–Soviet War and Kamianets-Podilskyi

Katyn massacre

The Katyn massacre was a series of mass executions of nearly 22,000 defenceless Polish military and police officers, border guards, and intelligentsia prisoners of war carried out by the Soviet Union, specifically the NKVD (the Soviet secret police), at Stalin's order in April and May 1940.

See Polish–Soviet War and Katyn massacre

Kazimierz Sosnkowski

General Kazimierz Sosnkowski (Warsaw, 19 November 1885 – 11 October 1969, Arundel, Quebec) was a Polish independence fighter, general, diplomat, and architect.

See Polish–Soviet War and Kazimierz Sosnkowski

Khmelnytskyi

Khmelnytskyi (Хмельницький) is a city in western Ukraine.

See Polish–Soviet War and Khmelnytskyi

Kiev offensive (1920)

The 1920 Kiev offensive (or Kiev expedition, wyprawa kijowska) was a major part of the Polish–Soviet War.

See Polish–Soviet War and Kiev offensive (1920)

Kievan Rus'

Kievan Rus', also known as Kyivan Rus,.

See Polish–Soviet War and Kievan Rus'

Killed in action

Killed in action (KIA) is a casualty classification generally used by militaries to describe the deaths of their own personnel at the hands of enemy or hostile forces at the moment of action.

See Polish–Soviet War and Killed in action

Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia

The Principality or, from 1253, Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia, also known as the Kingdom of Ruthenia, was a medieval state in Eastern Europe which existed from 1199 to 1349.

See Polish–Soviet War and Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia

Kingdom of Poland

The Kingdom of Poland (Królestwo Polskie; Latin: Regnum Poloniae) was a monarchy in Central Europe during the medieval period from 1025 until 1385.

See Polish–Soviet War and Kingdom of Poland

Kingdom of Poland (1917–1918)

The Kingdom of Poland (Królestwo Polskie, Königreich Polen), also known informally as the Regency Kingdom of Poland (Królestwo Regencyjne), was a short-lived polity that was proclaimed during World War I by the German Empire and Austria-Hungary on 5 November 1916 on the territories of formerly Russian-ruled Congress Poland held by the Central Powers as the Government General of Warsaw and which became active on 14 January 1917.

See Polish–Soviet War and Kingdom of Poland (1917–1918)

Kingdom of Romania

The Kingdom of Romania (Regatul României) was a constitutional monarchy that existed from 13 March (O.S.) / 25 March 1881 with the crowning of prince Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen as King Carol I (thus beginning the Romanian royal family), until 1947 with the abdication of King Michael I and the Romanian parliament's proclamation of the Romanian People's Republic.

See Polish–Soviet War and Kingdom of Romania

Kościuszko's Squadron

The Kościuszko Squadron (officially: Polish 7th Air Escadrille) was a Polish Air Force fighter squadron established in late 1919 by Merian C. Cooper, an American aviator who would go on to direct the film ''King Kong'' in 1933.

See Polish–Soviet War and Kościuszko's Squadron

Konstanty Kalinowski

Konstanty Kalinowski, or Wincenty Konstanty Kalinowski (–), was a Belarusian-Polish writer, journalist, lawyer and revolutionary.

See Polish–Soviet War and Konstanty Kalinowski

Korosten

Korosten (Коростень), also historically known as Iskorosten (Іскоростень), is a historic city and a large transport hub in Zhytomyr Oblast, northern Ukraine.

See Polish–Soviet War and Korosten

Kovel

Kovel (Kowel; קאוולע / קאוולי) is a city in Volyn Oblast, northwestern Ukraine.

See Polish–Soviet War and Kovel

Kraków

(), also spelled as Cracow or Krakow, is the second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland.

See Polish–Soviet War and Kraków

Kresy

Eastern Borderlands (Kresy Wschodnie) or simply Borderlands (Kresy) was a term coined for the eastern part of the Second Polish Republic during the interwar period (1918–1939).

See Polish–Soviet War and Kresy

Kronstadt rebellion

The Kronstadt rebellion (Kronshtadtskoye vosstaniye) was a 1921 insurrection of Soviet sailors, naval infantry, and civilians against the Bolshevik government in the Russian port city of Kronstadt.

See Polish–Soviet War and Kronstadt rebellion

Kyiv

Kyiv (also Kiev) is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine.

See Polish–Soviet War and Kyiv

L'Humanité

() is a French daily newspaper.

See Polish–Soviet War and L'Humanité

Labour Party (UK)

The Labour Party is a social democratic political party in the United Kingdom that sits on the centre-left of the political spectrum.

See Polish–Soviet War and Labour Party (UK)

Land reform

Land reform is a form of agrarian reform involving the changing of laws, regulations, or customs regarding land ownership.

See Polish–Soviet War and Land reform

Latvia

Latvia (Latvija), officially the Republic of Latvia, is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe.

See Polish–Soviet War and Latvia

Latvian Land Reform of 1920

The Latvian Land Reform of 1920 (1920.) was a land reform act expropriating land under the Republic of Latvia in 1920 (during the Latvian War of Independence shortly after independence).

See Polish–Soviet War and Latvian Land Reform of 1920

Latvian Provisional Government

The Latvian Provisional Government (Latvijas Pagaidu valdība) was formed on November 18, 1918 by the People's Council of Latvia as the interim government of the newly-proclaimed Republic of Latvia during the Latvian War of Independence.

See Polish–Soviet War and Latvian Provisional Government

Latvian War of Independence

The Latvian War of Independence (Latvijas Neatkarības karš), sometimes called Latvia's freedom battles (Latvijas brīvības cīņas) or the Latvian War of Liberation (Latvijas atbrīvošanas karš), was a series of military conflicts in Latvia between 5 December 1918, after the newly proclaimed Republic of Latvia was invaded by Soviet Russia, and the signing of the Latvian-Soviet Riga Peace Treaty on 11 August 1920.

See Polish–Soviet War and Latvian War of Independence

Latvian–Soviet Peace Treaty

The Latvian–Soviet Peace Treaty, also known as the Treaty of Riga, was signed on 11 August 1920 by representatives of the Republic of Latvia and Soviet Russia.

See Polish–Soviet War and Latvian–Soviet Peace Treaty

League of Nations

The League of Nations (LN or LoN; Société des Nations, SdN) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace.

See Polish–Soviet War and League of Nations

Lech Kaczyński

Lech Aleksander Kaczyński (18 June 194910 April 2010) was a Polish politician who served as the city mayor of Warsaw from 2002 until 2005, and as President of Poland from 2005 until his death in 2010.

See Polish–Soviet War and Lech Kaczyński

Legislative Sejm (Second Polish Republic)

The Legislative Sejm or Constituent Sejm (Sejm Ustawodawczy) was the first national parliament (Sejm), and simultaneously Constituent Assembly of the newly independent Poland, sitting from 1919 to 1922.

See Polish–Soviet War and Legislative Sejm (Second Polish Republic)

Leon Trotsky

Lev Davidovich Bronstein (– 21 August 1940), better known as Leon Trotsky, was a Russian revolutionary, Soviet politician, and political theorist.

See Polish–Soviet War and Leon Trotsky

Leon Wasilewski

Leon Wasilewski (1870–1936) was an activist of the Polish Socialist Party (PPS), a coworker of Józef Piłsudski, Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs, designer of much of Second Polish Republic policy towards Eastern Europe, historian and father of Halszka Wasilewska and of Wanda Wasilewska.

See Polish–Soviet War and Leon Wasilewski

Leonard Skierski

Leonard Wilhelm Skierski (26 April 1866 – 1940) was a Polish military officer.

See Polish–Soviet War and Leonard Skierski

Leopold Skulski

Leopold Skulski; (15 November 1878, Zamość – Brest, 11 June 1940) served as prime minister of Poland for six months from 13 December 1919 until 9 June 1920 in the interim Legislative Sejm during the formation of sovereign Second Polish Republic following World War I.

See Polish–Soviet War and Leopold Skulski

Lida

Lida (Ліда,; Лида,; Lyda; Ļida; Lida,; Lyde) is a city in Grodno Region, western Belarus, located west of Minsk.

See Polish–Soviet War and Lida

Liepāja

Liepāja is a state city in western Latvia, located on the Baltic Sea.

See Polish–Soviet War and Liepāja

List of border conflicts

The following is a list of border conflicts between two or more countries.

See Polish–Soviet War and List of border conflicts

Lithuania

Lithuania (Lietuva), officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika), is a country in the Baltic region of Europe.

See Polish–Soviet War and Lithuania

Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic

The Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (Lithuanian SSR; Lietuvos Tarybų Socialistinė Respublika; Litovskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika), also known as Soviet Lithuania or simply Lithuania, was de facto one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union between 1940–1941 and 1944–1990.

See Polish–Soviet War and Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic

Lithuanian Wars of Independence

The Lithuanian Wars of Independence, also known as the Freedom Struggles (Laisvės kovos), refer to three wars Lithuania fought defending its independence at the end of World War I: with Bolshevik forces (December 1918 – August 1919), Bermontians (October 1919 – December 1919), and Poland (August 1920 – November 1920).

See Polish–Soviet War and Lithuanian Wars of Independence

Lityn

Lityn is a rural settlement in Vinnytsia Oblast (province), located in the historic region of the Podilia.

See Polish–Soviet War and Lityn

London

London is the capital and largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in.

See Polish–Soviet War and London

Lviv

Lviv (Львів; see below for other names) is the largest city in western Ukraine, as well as the sixth-largest city in Ukraine, with a population of It serves as the administrative centre of Lviv Oblast and Lviv Raion, and is one of the main cultural centres of Ukraine.

See Polish–Soviet War and Lviv

Major (rank)

Major is a senior military officer rank used in many countries.

See Polish–Soviet War and Major (rank)

Manchester University Press

Manchester University Press is the university press of the University of Manchester, England and a publisher of academic books and journals.

See Polish–Soviet War and Manchester University Press

Marc Ferro

Marc Ferro (24 December 1924 – 21 April 2021) was a French historian.

See Polish–Soviet War and Marc Ferro

Margaret MacMillan

Margaret Olwen MacMillan, (born December 23, 1943) is a Canadian historian and professor at the University of Oxford.

See Polish–Soviet War and Margaret MacMillan

Marian Kukiel

Marian Włodzimierz Kukiel (pseudonyms: Marek Kąkol, Stach Zawierucha; 15 May 1885 - 15 August 1973) was a Polish major general, historian, social and political activist.

See Polish–Soviet War and Marian Kukiel

Mary, mother of Jesus

Mary was a first-century Jewish woman of Nazareth, the wife of Joseph and the mother of Jesus.

See Polish–Soviet War and Mary, mother of Jesus

Maxime Weygand

Maxime Weygand (21 January 1867 – 28 January 1965) was a French military commander in World War I and World War II, as well as a high ranking member of the Vichy regime.

See Polish–Soviet War and Maxime Weygand

May Coup (Poland)

The May Coup (przewrót majowy or zamach majowy) was a coup d'état carried out in Poland by Marshal Józef Piłsudski from 12 to 14 May 1926.

See Polish–Soviet War and May Coup (Poland)

Mikashevichy

Mikashevichy is a town in Brest Region, Belarus.

See Polish–Soviet War and Mikashevichy

Mikhail Tukhachevsky

Mikhail Nikolayevich Tukhachevsky (p; – 12 June 1937), nicknamed the Red Napoleon, was a Soviet general who was prominent between 1918 and 1937 as a military officer and theoretician.

See Polish–Soviet War and Mikhail Tukhachevsky

Military history of Poland during World War II

In World War II, the Polish armed forces were the fourth largest Allied forces in Europe, after those of the Soviet Union, United States, and Britain.

See Polish–Soviet War and Military history of Poland during World War II

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Poland)

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych, MSZ) is the Polish government department tasked with maintaining Poland's international relations and coordinating its participation in international and regional supra-national political organisations such as the European Union and United Nations.

See Polish–Soviet War and Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Poland)

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Soviet Union)

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Министерство иностранныхдел СССР) was founded on 6 July 1923.

See Polish–Soviet War and Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Soviet Union)

Minority group

The term "minority group" has different usages, depending on the context.

See Polish–Soviet War and Minority group

Minsk

Minsk (Мінск,; Минск) is the capital and the largest city of Belarus, located on the Svislach and the now subterranean Niamiha rivers.

See Polish–Soviet War and Minsk

Mitteleuropa

Mitteleuropa, meaning Middle Europe, is one of the German terms for Central Europe.

See Polish–Soviet War and Mitteleuropa

Modlin Fortress

Modlin Fortress (Twierdza Modlin) is one of the largest 19th-century fortresses in Poland.

See Polish–Soviet War and Modlin Fortress

Modlin, Nowy Dwór County

Modlin was a village near Warsaw in Poland near the banks of rivers Narew and Vistula.

See Polish–Soviet War and Modlin, Nowy Dwór County

Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact

The Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, officially the Treaty of Non-Aggression between Germany and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, was a non-aggression pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union with a secret protocol that partitioned between them or managed the sovereignty of the states in Central and Eastern Europe: Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Finland and Romania.

See Polish–Soviet War and Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact

Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'

The Mongol Empire invaded and conquered much of Kievan Rus' in the mid-13th century, sacking numerous cities including the largest such as Kiev (50,000 inhabitants) and Chernigov (30,000 inhabitants). Polish–Soviet War and Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus' are invasions of Russia.

See Polish–Soviet War and Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'

Morgenthau Report

The Morgenthau report, officially the Report of the Mission of the United States to Poland, was a report compiled by Henry Morgenthau, Sr., as member of the "Mission of the United States to Poland" which was appointed by the American Commission to Negotiate Peace formed by President Woodrow Wilson in the aftermath of World War I.

See Polish–Soviet War and Morgenthau Report

Moscow

Moscow is the capital and largest city of Russia.

See Polish–Soviet War and Moscow

Multilingualism

Multilingualism is the use of more than one language, either by an individual speaker or by a group of speakers.

See Polish–Soviet War and Multilingualism

Narew

The Narew (translit; or) is a 499-kilometre (310 mi) river primarily in north-eastern Poland.

See Polish–Soviet War and Narew

National Democracy (Poland)

National Democracy (Narodowa Demokracja, also known from its abbreviation ND as Endecja) was a Polish political movement active from the second half of the 19th century under the foreign partitions of the country until the end of the Second Polish Republic.

See Polish–Soviet War and National Democracy (Poland)

National Executive Committee of the Labour Party

The National Executive Committee (NEC) is the governing body of the UK Labour Party, setting the overall strategic direction of the party and policy development.

See Polish–Soviet War and National Executive Committee of the Labour Party

Nazi Germany

Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictatorship.

See Polish–Soviet War and Nazi Germany

Neman

The Neman, Niemen or Nemunas is a river in Europe that rises in central Belarus and flows through Lithuania then forms the northern border of Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia's western exclave, which specifically follows its southern channel.

See Polish–Soviet War and Neman

Neutral country

A neutral country is a state that is neutral towards belligerents in a specific war or holds itself as permanently neutral in all future conflicts (including avoiding entering into military alliances such as NATO, CSTO or the SCO).

See Polish–Soviet War and Neutral country

New Economic Policy

The New Economic Policy (NEP) was an economic policy of the Soviet Union proposed by Vladimir Lenin in 1921 as a temporary expedient.

See Polish–Soviet War and New Economic Policy

Newton D. Baker

Newton Diehl Baker Jr. (December 3, 1871 – December 25, 1937) was an American lawyer, Georgist,Noble, Ransom E. "Henry George and the Progressive Movement." The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, vol.

See Polish–Soviet War and Newton D. Baker

Nikolai Bukharin

Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin (p; – 15 March 1938) was a Russian revolutionary, Soviet politician, and Marxist theorist.

See Polish–Soviet War and Nikolai Bukharin

Nikolai Sollogub

Nikolai Vladimirovich Sollogub (Николай Владимирович Соллогуб; – 7 August 1937) was a Soviet military specialist who served in World War I, the Russian Civil War, and the Polish-Soviet War, reaching the rank of Komdiv in the Red Army.

See Polish–Soviet War and Nikolai Sollogub

Nikolai Yudenich

Nikolai Nikolayevich Yudenich (Russian: Николай Николаевич Юденич; – 5 October 1933) was a commander of the Russian Imperial Army during World War I. He was a leader of the anti-communist White movement in northwestern Russia during the Civil War.

See Polish–Soviet War and Nikolai Yudenich

Niva (newspaper)

Niva (Ніва) is a weekly newspaper in Belarusian language published by the Belarusian minority in Poland.

See Polish–Soviet War and Niva (newspaper)

Norman Davies

Ivor Norman Richard Davies (born 8 June 1939) is a British and Polish historian, known for his publications on the history of Europe, Poland and the United Kingdom.

See Polish–Soviet War and Norman Davies

Northwestern Krai

Northwestern Krai (Северо-Западный край) was a ''krai'' of the Russian Empire (unofficial subdivision) in the territories of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania (present-day Belarus and Lithuania).

See Polish–Soviet War and Northwestern Krai

November Uprising

The November Uprising (1830–31), also known as the Polish–Russian War 1830–31 or the Cadet Revolution, was an armed rebellion in the heartland of partitioned Poland against the Russian Empire.

See Polish–Soviet War and November Uprising

Novogrudok

Novogrudok or Navahrudak (Навагрудак; Новогрудок; Nowogródek, Naugardukas; נאַוואַראַדאָק) is a town in Grodno Region, Belarus.

See Polish–Soviet War and Novogrudok

Ober Ost

The Supreme Commander of All German Forces in the East (Oberbefehlshaber der gesamten Deutschen Streitkräfte im Osten), also known by its German abbreviation as Ober Ost, was both a high-ranking position in the armed forces of the German Empire as well as the name given to the occupied territories on the German section of the Eastern Front of World War I, with the exception of Poland.

See Polish–Soviet War and Ober Ost

October Revolution

The October Revolution, also known as the Great October Socialist Revolution (in Soviet historiography), October coup,, britannica.com Bolshevik coup, or Bolshevik revolution, was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolshevik Party of Vladimir Lenin that was a key moment in the larger Russian Revolution of 1917–1923.

See Polish–Soviet War and October Revolution

Officer (armed forces)

An officer is a person who holds a position of authority as a member of an armed force or uniformed service.

See Polish–Soviet War and Officer (armed forces)

Operation Barbarossa

Operation Barbarossa (Unternehmen Barbarossa) was the invasion of the Soviet Union by Nazi Germany and many of its Axis allies, starting on Sunday, 22 June 1941, during World War II. Polish–Soviet War and Operation Barbarossa are invasions of Russia.

See Polish–Soviet War and Operation Barbarossa

Operation Minsk

Operation Mińsk was a military offensive of the Polish Army during the Polish–Soviet War.

See Polish–Soviet War and Operation Minsk

Order of Polonia Restituta

The Order of Polonia Restituta (Order Odrodzenia Polski, Order of Restored Poland) is a Polish state order established 4 February 1921.

See Polish–Soviet War and Order of Polonia Restituta

Osowiec Fortress

Osowiec Fortress (Twierdza Osowiec; Krepost' Osovets) is a 19th-century fortress built by the Russian Empire, located in what is now north-eastern Poland.

See Polish–Soviet War and Osowiec Fortress

Paris

Paris is the capital and largest city of France.

See Polish–Soviet War and Paris

Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920)

The Paris Peace Conference was a set of formal and informal diplomatic meetings in 1919 and 1920 after the end of World War I, in which the victorious Allies set the peace terms for the defeated Central Powers.

See Polish–Soviet War and Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920)

Parliamentary Labour Party

In UK politics, the Parliamentary Labour Party (PLP) is the parliamentary group of the Labour Party in Parliament, i.e. Labour MPs as a collective body.

See Polish–Soviet War and Parliamentary Labour Party

Partitions of Poland

The Partitions of Poland were three partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that took place toward the end of the 18th century and ended the existence of the state, resulting in the elimination of sovereign Poland and Lithuania for 123 years.

See Polish–Soviet War and Partitions of Poland

Paul Prosper Henrys

Paul Prosper Henrys (or Paul-Prosper) (13 March 1862 – 6 November 1943) was a French general.

See Polish–Soviet War and Paul Prosper Henrys

Płock

Płock (pronounced) is a city in central Poland, on the Vistula river, in the Masovian Voivodeship.

See Polish–Soviet War and Płock

Peasant

A peasant is a pre-industrial agricultural laborer or a farmer with limited land-ownership, especially one living in the Middle Ages under feudalism and paying rent, tax, fees, or services to a landlord. In Europe, three classes of peasants existed: non-free slaves, semi-free serfs, and free tenants.

See Polish–Soviet War and Peasant

Peter Kenez

Peter Kenez (Kenéz Péter; born 1937) is a Hungarian-American historian specializing in Russian and Eastern European history and politics.

See Polish–Soviet War and Peter Kenez

Piłsudskiite

A Piłsudskiite was a political supporter of Marshal Józef Piłsudski, the founder of the First World War Polish Legions and the first Chief of State of the Second Republic of Poland.

See Polish–Soviet War and Piłsudskiite

Pimlico

Pimlico is an area of Central London in the City of Westminster, built as a southern extension to neighbouring Belgravia.

See Polish–Soviet War and Pimlico

Pinsk

Pinsk (Пінск; Пинск,; Pińsk; Пінськ) is a city in Brest Region, Belarus.

See Polish–Soviet War and Pinsk

Pinsk massacre

The Pinsk massacre was the mass execution of thirty-five Jewish residents of Pinsk on April 5, 1919, by the Polish Army.

See Polish–Soviet War and Pinsk massacre

Piotr S. Wandycz

Piotr Stefan Wandycz (September 20, 1923 – July 29, 2017) was a Polish-American historian.

See Polish–Soviet War and Piotr S. Wandycz

Pitchfork uprising

The Pitchfork Uprising of 1920, also known as Black Eagle Uprising, was a peasant uprising against the Soviet policy of the war communism in what is today Eastern Tatarstan and Western Bashkortostan.

See Polish–Soviet War and Pitchfork uprising

Podolia

Podolia or Podilia (Podillia,; Podolye; Podolia; Podole; Podolien; Padollie; Podolė; Podolie.) is a historic region in Eastern Europe, located in the west-central and south-western parts of Ukraine and in northeastern Moldova (i.e. northern Transnistria).

See Polish–Soviet War and Podolia

Pogrom

A pogrom is a violent riot incited with the aim of massacring or expelling an ethnic or religious group, particularly Jews.

See Polish–Soviet War and Pogrom

Poland–Russia relations

Poland–Russia relations (Stosunki polsko-rosyjskie, Российско-польские отношения) have a long and often turbulent history, dating to the late Middle Ages.

See Polish–Soviet War and Poland–Russia relations

Poland–Ukraine relations

Poland–Ukraine relations revived on an international basis soon after Ukraine gained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991.

See Polish–Soviet War and Poland–Ukraine relations

Polesia

Polesia, Polissia, Polesie, or Polesye is a natural (geographic) and historical region in Eastern Europe within the bigger East European Plain, including part of eastern Poland and the Belarus–Ukraine border region.

See Polish–Soviet War and Polesia

Polish Air Force

The Polish Air Force (Air Forces) is the aerial warfare branch of the Polish Armed Forces.

See Polish–Soviet War and Polish Air Force

Polish Armed Forces

The Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland (Siły Zbrojne Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej,; abbreviated SZ RP), also called the Polish Armed Forces and popularly called Wojsko Polskie in Poland (roughly the "Polish Military"—abbreviated WP) are the national armed forces of the Republic of Poland.

See Polish–Soviet War and Polish Armed Forces

Polish cavalry

The Polish cavalry (jazda, kawaleria, konnica) can trace its origins back to the days of medieval cavalry knights.

See Polish–Soviet War and Polish cavalry

Polish Legions in World War I

The Polish Legions (Legiony Polskie) was a name of the Polish military force (the first active Polish army in generations) established in August 1914 in Galicia soon after World War I erupted between the opposing alliances of the Triple Entente on one side (comprising the British Empire, the French Republic and the Russian Empire) and the Central Powers on the other side, comprising the German Empire and Austria-Hungary.

See Polish–Soviet War and Polish Legions in World War I

Polish Military Organisation

The Polish Military Organisation, PMO (Polska Organizacja Wojskowa, POW) was a secret military organization that was formed during World War I (1914–1918).

See Polish–Soviet War and Polish Military Organisation

Polish National Committee (1917–1919)

Polish National Committee (Komitet Narodowy Polski) was a political organization representing Polish interests during the World War I. It was formed in Lausanne on 15 August 1917 by Polish National Democracy politician Roman Dmowski, and was first recognized by the French as the legitimate representative of Poland in September 1917.

See Polish–Soviet War and Polish National Committee (1917–1919)

Polish people

Polish people, or Poles, are a West Slavic ethnic group and nation who share a common history, culture, the Polish language and are identified with the country of Poland in Central Europe.

See Polish–Soviet War and Polish people

Polish prisoners and internees in Soviet Russia and Lithuania (1919–1921)

Polish prisoners of war and internees in Soviet Russia and Lithuania — Polish soldiers and citizens who were captured and interned during the Polish-Soviet War and remained in the custody of Soviet and Lithuanian authorities.

See Polish–Soviet War and Polish prisoners and internees in Soviet Russia and Lithuania (1919–1921)

Polish School of Mathematics

The Polish School of Mathematics was the mathematics community that flourished in Poland in the 20th century, particularly during the Interbellum between World Wars I and II.

See Polish–Soviet War and Polish School of Mathematics

Polish Scientific Publishers PWN

Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN (Polish Scientific Publishers PWN; until 1991 Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe - National Scientific Publishers PWN, PWN) is a Polish book publisher, founded in 1951, when it split from the Wydawnictwa Szkolne i Pedagogiczne.

See Polish–Soviet War and Polish Scientific Publishers PWN

Polish–Czechoslovak border conflicts

Border conflicts between Poland and Czechoslovakia began in 1918 between the Second Polish Republic and First Czechoslovak Republic, both freshly created states.

See Polish–Soviet War and Polish–Czechoslovak border conflicts

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

Poland–Lithuania, formally known as the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and also referred to as the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth or the First Polish Republic, was a bi-confederal state, sometimes called a federation, of Poland and Lithuania ruled by a common monarch in real union, who was both King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania.

See Polish–Soviet War and Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

Polish–Lithuanian War

The Polish–Lithuanian War was an undeclared war fought in the aftermath of World War I between newly independent Lithuania and Poland, with fighting mainly in the Vilnius and Suwałki regions.

See Polish–Soviet War and Polish–Lithuanian War

Polish–Ukrainian War

The Polish–Ukrainian War, from November 1918 to July 1919, was a conflict between the Second Polish Republic and Ukrainian forces (both the West Ukrainian People's Republic and the Ukrainian People's Republic). Polish–Soviet War and Polish–Ukrainian War are Ukrainian War of Independence.

See Polish–Soviet War and Polish–Ukrainian War

Political commissar

In the military, a political commissar or political officer (or politruk, a portmanteau word from politicheskiy rukovoditel; or political instructor) is a supervisory officer responsible for the political education (ideology) and organization of the unit to which they are assigned, with the intention of ensuring political control of the military.

See Polish–Soviet War and Political commissar

Polonization

Polonization or Polonisation (polonizacja)In Polish historiography, particularly pre-WWII (e.g., L. Wasilewski. As noted in Смалянчук А. Ф. (Smalyanchuk 2001) Паміж краёвасцю і нацыянальнай ідэяй. Польскі рухна беларускіхі літоўскіхземлях.

See Polish–Soviet War and Polonization

Polotsk

Polotsk (Полоцк) or Polatsk (Polack) is a town in Vitebsk Region, Belarus.

See Polish–Soviet War and Polotsk

Poznań

Poznań is a city on the River Warta in west Poland, within the Greater Poland region.

See Polish–Soviet War and Poznań

Prague

Prague (Praha) is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic and the historical capital of Bohemia.

See Polish–Soviet War and Prague

Pravda

Pravda (a, 'Truth') is a Russian broadsheet newspaper, and was the official newspaper of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, when it was one of the most influential papers in the country with a circulation of 11 million.

See Polish–Soviet War and Pravda

Principality of Kiev

The inner Principality of Kiev was a medieval principality centered on the city of Kiev.

See Polish–Soviet War and Principality of Kiev

Pripyat (river)

The Pripyat or Prypiat is a river in Eastern Europe.

See Polish–Soviet War and Pripyat (river)

Prisoner of war

A prisoner of war (POW) is a person who is held captive by a belligerent power during or immediately after an armed conflict.

See Polish–Soviet War and Prisoner of war

Project Muse

Project MUSE (Museums Uniting with Schools in Education), a non-profit collaboration between libraries and publishers, is an online database of peer-reviewed academic journals and electronic books.

See Polish–Soviet War and Project Muse

Proletarian internationalism

Proletarian internationalism, sometimes referred to as international socialism, is the perception of all proletarian revolutions as being part of a single global class struggle rather than separate localized events.

See Polish–Soviet War and Proletarian internationalism

Prometheism

Prometheism or Prometheanism (Polish: Prometeizm) was a political project initiated by Józef Piłsudski, a principal statesman of the Second Polish Republic from 1918 to 1935.

See Polish–Soviet War and Prometheism

Provisional Polish Revolutionary Committee

The Provisional Polish Revolutionary Committee (Tymczasowy Komitet Rewolucyjny Polski, Polrewkom; Временный революционный комитет Польши, Польревком) (July–August 1920) was a revolutionary committee established during the Polish–Soviet War under the patronage of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic with the goal to establish a soviet republic within Poland, or a Polish Soviet Socialist Republic constituent in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

See Polish–Soviet War and Provisional Polish Revolutionary Committee

Pyotr Wrangel

Baron Pyotr Nikolayevich Wrangel (Пётр Николаевич Врангель,; Peter von Wrangel; 25 April 1928), also known by his nickname the Black Baron, was a Russian military officer of Baltic German origin in the Imperial Russian Army.

See Polish–Soviet War and Pyotr Wrangel

Random House

Random House is an imprint and publishing group of Penguin Random House.

See Polish–Soviet War and Random House

Reconnaissance

In military operations, military reconnaissance or scouting is the exploration of an area by military forces to obtain information about enemy forces, the terrain, and civil activities in the area of operations.

See Polish–Soviet War and Reconnaissance

Red Army

The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the Soviet Union.

See Polish–Soviet War and Red Army

Regency Council (Poland)

The Regency Council: Ostrowski, Kakowski, Lubomirski The Regency Council of the Kingdom of Poland was a semi-independent and temporarily appointed highest authority (head of state) in partitioned Poland during World War I. It was formed by Imperial Germany and Austria-Hungary within historically Polish lands in September 1917 after dissolution of the previous authority – Provisional Council of State (January – August 1917), due to the oath crisis.

See Polish–Soviet War and Regency Council (Poland)

Reginald Tower

Sir Reginald Thomas Tower (1 September 186021 January 1939) was a British diplomat whose career lasted from 1885 to 1920.

See Polish–Soviet War and Reginald Tower

Renault FT

The Renault FT (frequently referred to in post-World War I literature as the FT-17, FT17, or similar) is a French light tank that was among the most revolutionary and influential tank designs in history.

See Polish–Soviet War and Renault FT

Republic of Central Lithuania

The Republic of Central Lithuania (Republika Litwy Środkowej), commonly known as the Central Lithuania, and the Middle Lithuania (Litwa Środkowa,, translit), was an unrecognized short-lived puppet state of Poland, that existed from 1920 to 1922.

See Polish–Soviet War and Republic of Central Lithuania

Republics of the Soviet Union

The Republics of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics or the Union Republics (r) were national-based administrative units of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR).

See Polish–Soviet War and Republics of the Soviet Union

Revolutionary Military Council

The Revolutionary Military Council (Revolutionary Military Council), sometimes called the Revolutionary War Council or Revvoyensoviet (Реввоенсовет), was the supreme military authority of Soviet Russia and later the Soviet Union.

See Polish–Soviet War and Revolutionary Military Council

Revolutions and interventions in Hungary (1918–1920)

There was a period of revolutions and interventions in Hungary between 1918 and 1920. Polish–Soviet War and revolutions and interventions in Hungary (1918–1920) are Subsidiary conflicts of World War I.

See Polish–Soviet War and Revolutions and interventions in Hungary (1918–1920)

Richard M. Watt

Richard M. Watt (November 10, 1930 – January 25, 2015) was an American historian and writer.

See Polish–Soviet War and Richard M. Watt

Riga

Riga is the capital, the primate, and the largest city of Latvia, as well as one of the most populous cities in the Baltic States.

See Polish–Soviet War and Riga

Right of asylum

The right of asylum, sometimes called right of political asylum (asylum), is an ancient juridical concept, under which people persecuted by their own rulers might be protected by another sovereign authority, such as a second country or another entity which in medieval times could offer sanctuary.

See Polish–Soviet War and Right of asylum

Roman Dmowski

Roman Stanisław Dmowski (Polish:, 9 August 1864 – 2 January 1939) was a Polish politician, statesman, and co-founder and chief ideologue of the National Democracy (abbreviated "ND": in Polish, "Endecja") political movement.

See Polish–Soviet War and Roman Dmowski

Ronald Grigor Suny

Ronald Grigor Suny (born September 25, 1940) is an American-Armenian historian and political scientist.

See Polish–Soviet War and Ronald Grigor Suny

Russia

Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia.

See Polish–Soviet War and Russia

Russian Civil War

The Russian Civil War was a multi-party civil war in the former Russian Empire sparked by the overthrowing of the social-democratic Russian Provisional Government in the October Revolution, as many factions vied to determine Russia's political future.

See Polish–Soviet War and Russian Civil War

Russian Empire

The Russian Empire was a vast empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its proclamation in November 1721 until its dissolution in March 1917.

See Polish–Soviet War and Russian Empire

Russian language

Russian is an East Slavic language, spoken primarily in Russia.

See Polish–Soviet War and Russian language

Russian nationalism

Russian nationalism is a form of nationalism that promotes Russian cultural identity and unity.

See Polish–Soviet War and Russian nationalism

Russian Revolution

The Russian Revolution was a period of political and social change in Russia, starting in 1917.

See Polish–Soviet War and Russian Revolution

Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic

The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR), previously known as the Russian Soviet Republic and the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, and unofficially as Soviet Russia,Declaration of Rights of the laboring and exploited people, article I. was an independent federal socialist state from 1917 to 1922, and afterwards the largest and most populous constituent republic of the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1922 to 1991, until becoming a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with priority of Russian laws over Union-level legislation in 1990 and 1991, the last two years of the existence of the USSR..

See Polish–Soviet War and Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic

Saint Petersburg

Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the second-largest city in Russia after Moscow.

See Polish–Soviet War and Saint Petersburg

San (river)

The San (San; Сян Sian; Saan) is a river in southeastern Poland and western Ukraine.

See Polish–Soviet War and San (river)

Sanation

Sanation (Sanacja) was a Polish political movement that was created in the interwar period, prior to Józef Piłsudski's May 1926 ''Coup d'État'', and came to power in the wake of that coup.

See Polish–Soviet War and Sanation

Sarny

Sarny (Сарни) is a small city in Rivne Oblast, western Ukraine.

See Polish–Soviet War and Sarny

Sean McMeekin

Sean McMeekin (born May 10, 1974) is an American historian, focused on European history of the early 20th century.

See Polish–Soviet War and Sean McMeekin

Second Polish Republic

The Second Polish Republic, at the time officially known as the Republic of Poland, was a country in Central and Eastern Europe that existed between 7 October 1918 and 6 October 1939.

See Polish–Soviet War and Second Polish Republic

Sejny

Sejny (Seinai) is a town in north-eastern Poland and the capital of Sejny County, in Podlaskie Voivodeship, close to the northern border with Lithuania and Belarus.

See Polish–Soviet War and Sejny

Self-Defence of Lithuania and Belarus

Self-Defence of Lithuania and Belarus (Samoobrona Litwy i Białorusi) comprised voluntary paramilitary units formed in late 1918, in the aftermath of World War I, in Lithuania and Belarus.

See Polish–Soviet War and Self-Defence of Lithuania and Belarus

Self-determination

Self-determination refers to a people's right to form its own political entity, and internal self-determination is the right to representative government with full suffrage.

See Polish–Soviet War and Self-determination

Semyon Budyonny

Semyon Mikhailovich Budyonny (a; – 26 October 1973) was a Soviet cavalryman, military commander during the Russian Civil War, Polish-Soviet War and World War II, and politician, who was a close political ally of Soviet leader Joseph Stalin.

See Polish–Soviet War and Semyon Budyonny

Sergey Kamenev

Sergey Sergeyevich Kamenev (Серге́й Серге́евич Ка́менев; April 16, 1881 – August 25, 1936) was a Soviet military leader who reached Komandarm 1st rank.

See Polish–Soviet War and Sergey Kamenev

Sharhorod

Sharhorod (Ukrainian and Russian), also known as Shargorod, is a small city located within the Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine.

See Polish–Soviet War and Sharhorod

Siberia

Siberia (Sibir') is an extensive geographical region comprising all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east.

See Polish–Soviet War and Siberia

Silesian Uprisings

The Silesian Uprisings (Powstania śląskie; Aufstände in Oberschlesien, Polenaufstände) were a series of three uprisings from August 1919 to July 1921 in Upper Silesia, which was part of the Weimar Republic at the time.

See Polish–Soviet War and Silesian Uprisings

Simon & Schuster

Simon & Schuster LLC is an American publishing company owned by Kohlberg Kravis Roberts.

See Polish–Soviet War and Simon & Schuster

Slavic Review

The Slavic Review is a major peer-reviewed academic journal publishing scholarly studies, book and film reviews, and review essays in all disciplines concerned with "Eastern Europe, Russia, the Caucasus, and Central Asia, past and present".

See Polish–Soviet War and Slavic Review

Small Constitution of 1919

The Small Constitution of 1919 was the first constitution of the Second Polish Republic.

See Polish–Soviet War and Small Constitution of 1919

Smolensk

Smolensk is a city and the administrative center of Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the Dnieper River, west-southwest of Moscow.

See Polish–Soviet War and Smolensk

Socialism

Socialism is an economic and political philosophy encompassing diverse economic and social systems characterised by social ownership of the means of production, as opposed to private ownership.

See Polish–Soviet War and Socialism

Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia

The Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia (SSRB; Sacyjalistyčnaja Savieckaja Respublika Biełaruś; Sotsialisticheskaya Sovetskaya Respublika Belorussiya / SSRB) was an early republic in the historical territory of Belarus for only one month in 1919 after the collapse of the Russian Empire as a result of the October Revolution.

See Polish–Soviet War and Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia

Socialist Soviet Republic of Lithuania and Belorussia

The Socialist Soviet Republic of Lithuania and Belorussia (SSR LiB), alternatively referred to as the Socialist Soviet Republic of Lithuania and White Russia or simply Litbel (Lit-Bel), was a Soviet republic that existed within the parts of the territories of modern Belarus and Lithuania for approximately five months during the Lithuanian–Soviet War and the Polish–Soviet War in 1919.

See Polish–Soviet War and Socialist Soviet Republic of Lithuania and Belorussia

Solidus (coin)

The solidus (Latin 'solid';: solidi) or nomisma (νόμισμα, nómisma, 'coin') was a highly pure gold coin issued in the Later Roman Empire and Byzantine Empire.

See Polish–Soviet War and Solidus (coin)

Southwestern Front (RSFSR)

The Southwestern Front was a front of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War and the Polish-Soviet War, which existed between January 10, 1920, and December 5, 1920.

See Polish–Soviet War and Southwestern Front (RSFSR)

Southwestern Front (Russian Empire)

The Southwestern Front (Юго-Западный фронт) was an army group of the Imperial Russian Army during World War I as part of the Eastern Front war theater.

See Polish–Soviet War and Southwestern Front (Russian Empire)

Sovereign state

A sovereign state is a state that has the highest authority over a territory.

See Polish–Soviet War and Sovereign state

Soviet (council)

A soviet (sovet) is a workers' council that follows a socialist ideology, particularly in the context of the Russian Revolution.

See Polish–Soviet War and Soviet (council)

Soviet invasion of Poland

The Soviet invasion of Poland was a military conflict by the Soviet Union without a formal declaration of war.

See Polish–Soviet War and Soviet invasion of Poland

Soviet republic

A soviet republic (from Sovetskaya respublika), also called council republic, is a republic in which the government is formed of soviets (workers' councils) and politics are based on soviet democracy.

See Polish–Soviet War and Soviet republic

Soviet westward offensive of 1918–1919

The Soviet westward offensive of 1918–1919 was part of the campaign by Soviet Russia into areas abandoned by the Ober Ost garrisons that were being withdrawn to Germany following that country's defeat in World War I. The initially successful offensive against the Republic of Estonia ignited the Estonian War of Independence which ended with the Soviet recognition of Estonia. Polish–Soviet War and Soviet westward offensive of 1918–1919 are Ukrainian War of Independence.

See Polish–Soviet War and Soviet westward offensive of 1918–1919

Soviet–Lithuanian Non-Aggression Pact

Soviet–Lithuanian Non-Aggression Pact (Lithuanian: Lietuvos–SSRS nepuolimo sutartis) was a non-aggression pact, signed between the Soviet Union and Lithuania on September 28, 1926.

See Polish–Soviet War and Soviet–Lithuanian Non-Aggression Pact

Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty

The Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty, also known as the Moscow Peace Treaty, was signed between Lithuania and Soviet Russia on July 12, 1920.

See Polish–Soviet War and Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty

Spa Conference of 1920

The Spa Conference was a meeting between the Supreme War Council and the government of the Weimar Republic in Spa, Belgium on 5–16 July 1920.

See Polish–Soviet War and Spa Conference of 1920

Spring offensive of the White Army

The Spring Offensive of the Russian Army was an offensive of the White Army of the White movement led by Alexander Kolchak on the Eastern Front of the Russian Civil War, between March and April 1919.

See Polish–Soviet War and Spring offensive of the White Army

Staff (military)

A military staff or general staff (also referred to as army staff, navy staff, or air staff within the individual services) is a group of officers, enlisted and civilian staff who serve the commander of a division or other large military unit in their command and control role through planning, analysis, and information gathering, as well as by relaying, coordinating, and supervising the execution of their plans and orders, especially in case of multiple simultaneous and rapidly changing complex operations.

See Polish–Soviet War and Staff (military)

Stalinism

Stalinism is the totalitarian means of governing and Marxist–Leninist policies implemented in the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1927 to 1953 by dictator Joseph Stalin.

See Polish–Soviet War and Stalinism

Stanisław Bułak-Bałachowicz

Stanisław Bułak-Bałachowicz (10 February 1883 – 10 May 1940) was a Polish-Belarusian general and veteran of World War I, the Russian Civil War, Estonian War of Independence, Polish-Soviet War, and the Invasion of Poland at the start of World War II.

See Polish–Soviet War and Stanisław Bułak-Bałachowicz

Stanisław Grabski

Stanisław Grabski (5 April 1871 – 6 May 1949) was a Polish economist and politician associated with the National Democracy political camp.

See Polish–Soviet War and Stanisław Grabski

Stanisław Leśniewski

Stanisław Leśniewski (30 March 1886 – 13 May 1939) was a Polish mathematician, philosopher and logician.

See Polish–Soviet War and Stanisław Leśniewski

Stanisław Szeptycki

Stanisław Maria Jan Teofil Szeptycki (3 November 1867 – 9 October 1950) was a Polish count, general and military commander.

See Polish–Soviet War and Stanisław Szeptycki

Status quo

italic is a Latin phrase meaning the existing state of affairs, particularly with regard to social, economic, legal, environmental, political, religious, scientific or military issues.

See Polish–Soviet War and Status quo

Stefan Mazurkiewicz

Stefan Mazurkiewicz (25 September 1888 – 19 June 1945) was a Polish mathematician who worked in mathematical analysis, topology, and probability.

See Polish–Soviet War and Stefan Mazurkiewicz

Stephen F. Cohen

Stephen Frand Cohen (November 25, 1938September 18, 2020) was an American scholar of Russian studies.

See Polish–Soviet War and Stephen F. Cohen

Supreme War Council

The Supreme War Council was a central command based in Versailles that coordinated the military strategy of the principal Allies of World War I: Britain, France, Italy, the United States, and Japan.

See Polish–Soviet War and Supreme War Council

Suwałki

Suwałki (Suvalkai; סואוואַלק or סוּוואַלק) is a city in northeastern Poland with a population of 69,206 (2021).

See Polish–Soviet War and Suwałki

Suwałki Agreement

The Suwałki Agreement, Treaty of Suvalkai, or Suwalki Treaty (Umowa suwalska, Suvalkų sutartis) was an agreement signed in the town of Suwałki between Poland and Lithuania on October 7, 1920.

See Polish–Soviet War and Suwałki Agreement

Svislach (Neman)

The Svislach (or Śvislač) (Свíслач), Świsłocz), is a river in Grodno Oblast, Belarus, a left tributary of the Neman. A stretch of it runs along the Belarus–Poland border. The source of the river is near the town of Svislach,Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Vol.

See Polish–Soviet War and Svislach (Neman)

Symon Petliura

Symon Vasyliovych Petliura (Симон Васильович Петлюра; – 25 May 1926) was a Ukrainian politician and journalist.

See Polish–Soviet War and Symon Petliura

Szlachta

The szlachta (Polish:; Lithuanian: šlėkta) were the noble estate of the realm in the Kingdom of Poland, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and, as a social class, dominated those states by exercising political rights and power.

See Polish–Soviet War and Szlachta

Tadeusz Rozwadowski

Count Tadeusz Jordan-Rozwadowski (19 May 1866 – 18 October 1928) was a Polish military commander, diplomat, and politician, a general of the Austro-Hungarian Army and then the Polish Army.

See Polish–Soviet War and Tadeusz Rozwadowski

Tambov

Tambov (p) is a city and the administrative center of Tambov Oblast, central Russia, at the confluence of the Tsna and Studenents rivers, about south-southeast of Moscow. With a population of 261,803 as of 2021, Tambov is the largest city, and historical center, of the Tambov Oblast as a whole.

See Polish–Soviet War and Tambov

Tambov Rebellion

The Tambov Rebellion of 1920–1922 was one of the largest and best-organized peasant rebellions challenging the Bolshevik government during the Russian Civil War.

See Polish–Soviet War and Tambov Rebellion

Tank

A tank is an armoured fighting vehicle intended as a primary offensive weapon in front-line ground combat.

See Polish–Soviet War and Tank

Tehran Conference

The Tehran Conference (codenamed Eureka) was a strategy meeting of Joseph Stalin, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Winston Churchill from 28 November to 1 December 1943.

See Polish–Soviet War and Tehran Conference

Third Partition of Poland

The Third Partition of Poland (1795) was the last in a series of the Partitions of Poland–Lithuania and the land of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth among Prussia, the Habsburg monarchy, and the Russian Empire which effectively ended Polish–Lithuanian national sovereignty until 1918.

See Polish–Soviet War and Third Partition of Poland

Timothy Snyder

Timothy David Snyder (born August 18, 1969) is an American historian specializing in the history of Central and Eastern Europe, the Soviet Union, and the Holocaust.

See Polish–Soviet War and Timothy Snyder

Tomáš Masaryk

Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk (7 March 185014 September 1937) was a Czechoslovak statesman, progressive political activist and philosopher who served as the first president of Czechoslovakia from 1918 to 1935.

See Polish–Soviet War and Tomáš Masaryk

Toruń

Toruń is a city on the Vistula River in north-central Poland and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

See Polish–Soviet War and Toruń

Trades Union Congress

The Trades Union Congress (TUC) is a national trade union centre, a federation of trade unions that collectively represent most unionised workers in England and Wales.

See Polish–Soviet War and Trades Union Congress

Transfer of Crimea in the Soviet Union

In 1954, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union transferred the Crimean Oblast from the Russian SFSR to the Ukrainian SSR.

See Polish–Soviet War and Transfer of Crimea in the Soviet Union

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a separate peace treaty signed on 3 March 1918 between Soviet Russia and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria), by which Russia withdrew from World War I. The treaty, which followed months of negotiations after the armistice on the Eastern Front in December 1917, was signed at Brest-Litovsk (now Brest, Belarus).

See Polish–Soviet War and Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Treaty of Rapallo (1922)

The Treaty of Rapallo was an agreement signed on 16 April 1922 between the German Reich and Soviet Russia under which both renounced all territorial and financial claims against each other and opened friendly diplomatic relations.

See Polish–Soviet War and Treaty of Rapallo (1922)

Treaty of Riga

The Treaty of Riga was signed in Riga, Latvia, on between Poland on one side and Soviet Russia (acting also on behalf of Soviet Belarus) and Soviet Ukraine on the other, ending the Polish–Soviet War (1919–1921).

See Polish–Soviet War and Treaty of Riga

Treaty of Tartu (Estonia–Russia)

The Treaty of Tartu (lit, Тартуский договор) is a peace treaty that was signed in Tartu on 2 February 1920 between the Republic of Estonia and Soviet Russia, ending the 1918–1920 Estonian War of Independence.

See Polish–Soviet War and Treaty of Tartu (Estonia–Russia)

Treaty of Versailles

The Treaty of Versailles was a peace treaty signed on 28 June 1919.

See Polish–Soviet War and Treaty of Versailles

Treaty of Warsaw (1920)

The Treaty of Warsaw (also the Polish-Ukrainian or Petliura-Piłsudski Alliance or Agreement) of April 1920 was a military-economical alliance between the Second Polish Republic, represented by Józef Piłsudski, and the Ukrainian People's Republic, represented by Symon Petliura, against Bolshevik Russia.

See Polish–Soviet War and Treaty of Warsaw (1920)

Trench warfare

Trench warfare is a type of land warfare using occupied lines largely comprising military trenches, in which combatants are well-protected from the enemy's small arms fire and are substantially sheltered from artillery.

See Polish–Soviet War and Trench warfare

Triple Entente

The Triple Entente (from French entente meaning "friendship, understanding, agreement") describes the informal understanding between the Russian Empire, the French Third Republic, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

See Polish–Soviet War and Triple Entente

Tula, Russia

Tula (Тула) is the largest city and the administrative center of Tula Oblast in Russia, located south of Moscow.

See Polish–Soviet War and Tula, Russia

Turkish–Armenian War

The Turkish–Armenian War (Հայ-թուրքական պատերազմ), known in Turkey as the Eastern Front (Doğu Cephesi) of the Turkish War of Independence, was a conflict between the First Republic of Armenia and the Turkish National Movement following the collapse of the Treaty of Sèvres in 1920.

See Polish–Soviet War and Turkish–Armenian War

Ukraine

Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe.

See Polish–Soviet War and Ukraine

Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church

The Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (UAOC; Ukrayinska avtokefalna pravoslavna tserkva (UAPTs)) was one of the three major Eastern Orthodox churches in Ukraine in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, together with the Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Kyiv Patriarchate (UOC-KP) and the Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Moscow Patriarchate (UOC-MP).

See Polish–Soviet War and Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church

Ukrainian Galician Army

Ukrainian Galician Army (translit, UHA), was the Ukrainian military of the West Ukrainian People's Republic during and after the Polish-Ukrainian War.

See Polish–Soviet War and Ukrainian Galician Army

Ukrainian language

Ukrainian (label) is an East Slavic language of the Indo-European language family spoken primarily in Ukraine.

See Polish–Soviet War and Ukrainian language

Ukrainian National Council

Ukrainian National Council of West Ukrainian People's Republic (UNRada, Українська Національна Рада Західно-Української Народної Республіки, until 13 November 1918 Ukrainian National Council – the representative body of Ukrainians of the former Austro-Hungarian empire) – was the supreme legislative body of the West Ukrainian People's Republic (ZUNR).

See Polish–Soviet War and Ukrainian National Council

Ukrainian People's Army

The Ukrainian People's Army (Армія Української Народної Республіки), also known as the Ukrainian National Army (UNA) or by the derogatory term Petliurivtsi (Петлюрівці), was the army of the Ukrainian People's Republic (1917–1921).

See Polish–Soviet War and Ukrainian People's Army

Ukrainian People's Republic

The Ukrainian People's Republic (UPR) was a short-lived state in Eastern Europe. Polish–Soviet War and Ukrainian People's Republic are Ukrainian War of Independence.

See Polish–Soviet War and Ukrainian People's Republic

Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic

The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (Ukrainska Radianska Sotsialistychna Respublika; Ukrainskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika), abbreviated as the Ukrainian SSR, UkSSR, and also known as Soviet Ukraine or just Ukraine, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union from 1922 until 1991.

See Polish–Soviet War and Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic

Ukrainian War of Independence

The Ukrainian War of Independence, also referred to as the Ukrainian–Soviet War in Ukraine, lasted from March 1917 to November 1921.

See Polish–Soviet War and Ukrainian War of Independence

Ukrainian–Soviet War

The Ukrainian–Soviet War (translit) is the term commonly used in post-Soviet Ukraine for the events taking place between 1917 and 1921, nowadays regarded essentially as a war between the Ukrainian People's Republic and the Bolsheviks (Russian SFSR and Ukrainian SSR). Polish–Soviet War and Ukrainian–Soviet War are Ukrainian War of Independence.

See Polish–Soviet War and Ukrainian–Soviet War

Ukrainians

Ukrainians (ukraintsi) are a civic nation and an ethnic group native to Ukraine.

See Polish–Soviet War and Ukrainians

Union of Lublin

The Union of Lublin (Unia lubelska; Liublino unija) was signed on 1 July 1569 in Lublin, Poland, and created a single state, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, one of the largest countries in Europe at the time.

See Polish–Soviet War and Union of Lublin

Unitary state

A unitary state is a sovereign state governed as a single entity in which the central government is the supreme authority.

See Polish–Soviet War and Unitary state

United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of the continental mainland.

See Polish–Soviet War and United Kingdom

United States

The United States of America (USA or U.S.A.), commonly known as the United States (US or U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America.

See Polish–Soviet War and United States

United States Secretary of War

The secretary of war was a member of the U.S. president's Cabinet, beginning with George Washington's administration.

See Polish–Soviet War and United States Secretary of War

University of Kansas

The University of Kansas (KU) is a public and research university with its main campus in Lawrence, Kansas, United States.

See Polish–Soviet War and University of Kansas

University of Lviv

The Ivan Franko National University of Lviv (Lvivskyi natsionalnyi universytet imeni Ivana Franka) is a public university in Lviv, Ukraine.

See Polish–Soviet War and University of Lviv

University of Minnesota Press

The University of Minnesota Press is a university press that is part of the University of Minnesota.

See Polish–Soviet War and University of Minnesota Press

University of Nebraska Press

The University of Nebraska Press (UNP) was founded in 1941 and is an academic publisher of scholarly and general-interest books.

See Polish–Soviet War and University of Nebraska Press

University of Toronto Press

The University of Toronto Press is a Canadian university press.

See Polish–Soviet War and University of Toronto Press

University of Warsaw

The University of Warsaw (Uniwersytet Warszawski, Universitas Varsoviensis) is a public research university in Warsaw, Poland.

See Polish–Soviet War and University of Warsaw

University of Washington Press

The University of Washington Press is an American academic publishing house.

See Polish–Soviet War and University of Washington Press

Usurper

A usurper is an illegitimate or controversial claimant to power, often but not always in a monarchy.

See Polish–Soviet War and Usurper

Vadim Yakovlev

Vadim Yakovlev was a Russian Cossack cavalry commander, in the rank of yesaul.

See Polish–Soviet War and Vadim Yakovlev

Veni, vidi, vici

Veni, vidi, vici ("I came; I saw; I conquered") is a Latin phrase used to refer to a swift, conclusive victory.

See Polish–Soviet War and Veni, vidi, vici

Vera Maslovskaya

Vera Ignatyevna Maslovskaya (translit, – 23 January 1981) was a Belarusian teacher, poet and nationalist, who worked for an independent Belarus in the interwar period.

See Polish–Soviet War and Vera Maslovskaya

Verso Books

Verso Books (formerly New Left Books) is a left-wing publishing house based in London and New York City, founded in 1970 by the staff of New Left Review (NLR) and includes Tariq Ali and Perry Anderson on its board of directors.

See Polish–Soviet War and Verso Books

Victor Sebestyen

Victor Sebestyen (born 1956) is a historian of Eastern Europe, Russia, and Communism.

See Polish–Soviet War and Victor Sebestyen

Vilna offensive

The Vilna offensive was a campaign of the Polish–Soviet War of 1919–1921.

See Polish–Soviet War and Vilna offensive

Vilnius

Vilnius, previously known in English as Vilna, is the capital of and largest city in Lithuania and the second-most-populous city in the Baltic states.

See Polish–Soviet War and Vilnius

Vilnius Region

Vilnius Region is the territory in present-day Lithuania and Belarus that was originally inhabited by ethnic Baltic tribes and was a part of Lithuania proper, but came under East Slavic and Polish cultural influences over time.

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Vintage Books

Vintage Books is a trade paperback publishing imprint of Penguin Random House originally established by Alfred A. Knopf in 1954.

See Polish–Soviet War and Vintage Books

Virtuti Militari

The War Order of Virtuti Militari (Latin: "For Military Virtue", Order Wojenny Virtuti Militari) is Poland's highest military decoration for heroism and courage in the face of the enemy at war.

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Vistula

The Vistula (Wisła,, Weichsel) is the longest river in Poland and the ninth-longest in Europe, at in length.

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Vladimir Lenin

Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (1870 – 21 January 1924), better known as Vladimir Lenin, was a Russian revolutionary, politician and political theorist.

See Polish–Soviet War and Vladimir Lenin

Volhynia

Volhynia (also spelled Volynia) (Volynʹ, Wołyń, Volynʹ) is a historic region in Central and Eastern Europe, between southeastern Poland, southwestern Belarus, and western Ukraine.

See Polish–Soviet War and Volhynia

Volodymyr, Volyn Oblast

Volodymyr (Володимир), previously known as Volodymyr-Volynskyi (label) from 1944 to 2021, is a small city in Volyn Oblast, northwestern Ukraine.

See Polish–Soviet War and Volodymyr, Volyn Oblast

Voluntary Legion of Women

Voluntary Legion of Women (Ochotnicza Legia Kobiet (OLK)) was a voluntary Polish paramilitary organization, created by women in Lviv in late 1918.

See Polish–Soviet War and Voluntary Legion of Women

Volunteer Army

The Volunteer Army (translit (pre-1918 Russian) Добровольческая армія, abbreviated to translit (pre-1918 Russian) Добрармія) was a White Army active in South Russia during the Russian Civil War from 1917 to 1920.

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W. Bruce Lincoln

William Bruce Lincoln (September 6, 1938 – April 9, 2000) was an American scholar and author who wrote a number of widely-read books on Russian history.

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W. W. Norton & Company

W.

See Polish–Soviet War and W. W. Norton & Company

Wacław Iwaszkiewicz-Rudoszański

Wacław Iwaszkiewicz-Rudoszański (26 August 1871 – 25 November 1922) was a Polish general.

See Polish–Soviet War and Wacław Iwaszkiewicz-Rudoszański

Wacław Sierpiński

Wacław Franciszek Sierpiński (14 March 1882 – 21 October 1969) was a Polish mathematician.

See Polish–Soviet War and Wacław Sierpiński

Waldemar Rezmer

Waldemar Rezmer (born 1949) is a Polish historian.

See Polish–Soviet War and Waldemar Rezmer

War

War is an armed conflict between the armed forces of states, or between governmental forces and armed groups that are organized under a certain command structure and have the capacity to sustain military operations, or between such organized groups.

See Polish–Soviet War and War

Warsaw

Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and largest city of Poland.

See Polish–Soviet War and Warsaw

Warsaw Accord

The Warsaw Accord was an accord signed on 17 March 1922 by Finland, Poland, Estonia, and Latvia.

See Polish–Soviet War and Warsaw Accord

Władysław Grabski

Władysław Dominik Grabski (7 July 1874 – 1 March 1938) was a Polish National Democratic politician, economist and historian.

See Polish–Soviet War and Władysław Grabski

Władysław Sikorski

Władysław Eugeniusz Sikorski (20 May 18814 July 1943) was a Polish military and political leader.

See Polish–Soviet War and Władysław Sikorski

Włocławek

Włocławek (Leslau or Alt Lesle, Yiddish: וולאָצלאַוועק, romanized: Vlatzlavek) is a city in the Kuyavian–Pomeranian Voivodeship in central Poland along the Vistula River, bordered by the Gostynin-Włocławek Landscape Park.

See Polish–Soviet War and Włocławek

Weimar Republic

The Weimar Republic, officially known as the German Reich, was a historical period of Germany from 9 November 1918 to 23 March 1933, during which it was a constitutional federal republic for the first time in history; hence it is also referred to, and unofficially proclaimed itself, as the German Republic.

See Polish–Soviet War and Weimar Republic

Wesoła

Wesoła is one of the districts of Warsaw, and has been as such since October 27, 2002.

See Polish–Soviet War and Wesoła

West Ukrainian People's Republic

The West Ukrainian People's Republic or West Ukrainian National Republic (translit; abbreviated, also WUNR or WUPR), known for part of its existence as the Western Oblast of the Ukrainian People's Republic (label or), was a short-lived polity that controlled most of Eastern Galicia from November 1918 to July 1919. Polish–Soviet War and West Ukrainian People's Republic are Ukrainian War of Independence.

See Polish–Soviet War and West Ukrainian People's Republic

Western Belorussia

Western Belorussia or Western Belarus (translit; Zachodnia Białoruś; translit) is a historical region of modern-day Belarus which belonged to the Second Polish Republic during the interwar period.

See Polish–Soviet War and Western Belorussia

Western betrayal

Western betrayal is the view that the United Kingdom, France, and sometimes the United States failed to meet their legal, diplomatic, military, and moral obligations with respect to the Czechoslovak and Polish states during the prelude to and aftermath of World War II.

See Polish–Soviet War and Western betrayal

Western Europe

Western Europe is the western region of Europe.

See Polish–Soviet War and Western Europe

Western Front (RSFSR)

The Western Front was a front of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War and Polish–Soviet War, which existed between 12 February 1919 and 8 April 1924.

See Polish–Soviet War and Western Front (RSFSR)

Western Front (World War I)

The Western Front was one of the main theatres of war during the First World War.

See Polish–Soviet War and Western Front (World War I)

Western Krai

Western Krai (Западный край, literally Western Land) was an unofficial name for the westernmost parts of the Russian Empire, excluding the territory of Congress Poland (which was sometimes referred to as Vistula Krai).

See Polish–Soviet War and Western Krai

Western Ukraine

Western Ukraine (Zakhidna Ukraina) or West Ukraine refers to the western territories of Ukraine.

See Polish–Soviet War and Western Ukraine

White Army

The White Army (pre-1918 spelling, although used by the Whites even afterwards to differentiate from the Reds./Белая армия|Belaya armiya) or White Guard (label), also referred to as the Whites or White Guardsmen (label), was a common collective name for the armed formations of the White movement and anti-Bolshevik governments during the Russian Civil War.

See Polish–Soviet War and White Army

White movement

The White movement (p), also known as the Whites (Бѣлые / Белые, Beliye), was a loose confederation of anti-communist forces that fought the communist Bolsheviks, also known as the Reds, in the Russian Civil War and that to a lesser extent continued operating as militarized associations of rebels both outside and within Russian borders in Siberia until roughly World War II (1939–1945).

See Polish–Soviet War and White movement

Wieprz

The Wieprz (Vepr) is a river in central-eastern Poland, and a tributary of the Vistula.

See Polish–Soviet War and Wieprz

Wiley-Blackwell

Wiley-Blackwell is an international scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly publishing business of John Wiley & Sons.

See Polish–Soviet War and Wiley-Blackwell

Wilsonianism

Wilsonianism, or Wilsonian idealism, is a certain type of foreign policy advice.

See Polish–Soviet War and Wilsonianism

Wincenty Witos

Wincenty Witos (21 or 22 January 1874 – 31 October 1945) was a Polish statesman, prominent member and leader of the Polish People's Party (PSL), who served three times as the Prime Minister of Poland in the 1920s.

See Polish–Soviet War and Wincenty Witos

Winston Churchill

Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British statesman, soldier, and writer who was twice Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, from 1940 to 1945 during the Second World War, and 1951 to 1955.

See Polish–Soviet War and Winston Churchill

Wkra

Wkra is a river in north-eastern Poland, a tributary of the Narew river, with a length of 255 kilometres and a basin area of 5,348 km2 - all within Poland.

See Polish–Soviet War and Wkra

Woodrow Wilson

Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856February 3, 1924) was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th president of the United States from 1913 to 1921.

See Polish–Soviet War and Woodrow Wilson

Workers' council

A workers' council, also called labor council, is a type of council in a workplace or a locality made up of workers or of temporary and instantly revocable delegates elected by the workers in a locality's workplaces.

See Polish–Soviet War and Workers' council

World revolution

World revolution is the Marxist concept of overthrowing capitalism in all countries through the conscious revolutionary action of the organized working class.

See Polish–Soviet War and World revolution

World War I

World War I (alternatively the First World War or the Great War) (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918) was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers.

See Polish–Soviet War and World War I

World War II

World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.

See Polish–Soviet War and World War II

Wydawnictwo Literackie

Wydawnictwo Literackie (abbreviated WL, lit. "Literary Press") is a Kraków-based Polish publishing house, which has been referred to as one of Poland's "most respected".

See Polish–Soviet War and Wydawnictwo Literackie

Yale University Press

Yale University Press is the university press of Yale University.

See Polish–Soviet War and Yale University Press

Yalta Conference

The Yalta Conference (Yaltinskaya konferentsiya), held 4–11 February 1945, was the World War II meeting of the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union to discuss the postwar reorganization of Germany and Europe.

See Polish–Soviet War and Yalta Conference

Yampil, Vinnytsia Oblast

Yampil is a city located in Vinnytsia Oblast (province of central Ukraine).

See Polish–Soviet War and Yampil, Vinnytsia Oblast

Yaruha

Yaruha is an urban-type settlement in southern Ukraine located near the Dniester River, and thus the border with Moldova.

See Polish–Soviet War and Yaruha

Yevhen Petrushevych

Yevhen Omelianovych Petrushevych (Євге́н Омеля́нович Петруше́вич; 3 June 1863 – 29 August 1940) was a Ukrainian lawyer, politician, and president of the West Ukrainian People's Republic formed after the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1918.

See Polish–Soviet War and Yevhen Petrushevych

Zamość

Zamość (Zamoshtsh; Zamoscia) is a historical city in southeastern Poland.

See Polish–Soviet War and Zamość

Zbigniew Brzezinski

Zbigniew Kazimierz Brzeziński (March 28, 1928 – May 26, 2017), known as Zbig, was a Polish-American diplomat and political scientist.

See Polish–Soviet War and Zbigniew Brzezinski

Zbigniew Karpus

Zbigniew Klemens Karpus (born 1954) is a Polish historian.

See Polish–Soviet War and Zbigniew Karpus

Zbruch

The Zbruch (Збруч; Zbrucz) is a river in Western Ukraine, a left tributary of the Dniester.

See Polish–Soviet War and Zbruch

16th Army (RSFSR)

The 16th Army (16-ya armiya) was a field army of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War era.

See Polish–Soviet War and 16th Army (RSFSR)

1919 Polish coup attempt in Lithuania

The Polish coup d'état attempt in Lithuania refers to a failed attempt by Polish Chief of State Józef Piłsudski to overthrow the existing Lithuanian government of Prime Minister Mykolas Sleževičius, and install a pro-Polish cabinet that would agree to a union with Poland.

See Polish–Soviet War and 1919 Polish coup attempt in Lithuania

1st Cavalry Army

The 1st Cavalry Army (Pervaya konnaya armiya) was a prominent Red Army military formation.

See Polish–Soviet War and 1st Cavalry Army

2nd World Congress of the Communist International

The 2nd World Congress of the Communist International was a gathering of approximately 220 voting and non-voting representatives of communist and revolutionary socialist political parties from around the world, held in Petrograd and Moscow from July 19 to August 7, 1920.

See Polish–Soviet War and 2nd World Congress of the Communist International

3rd Legions Infantry Division (Poland)

Polish 3rd Legions Infantry Division (3. Dywizja Piechoty Legionów) was a tactical unit of the Polish Army between the World Wars.

See Polish–Soviet War and 3rd Legions Infantry Division (Poland)

4th Rifle Division (Poland)

The Polish 4th Rifle Division (4., Полская 4-я Стрелковая Дивизия) was a Polish military unit, forming, together with the Polish 5th Rifle Division of the Blue Army, the only part of the Polish military which took part in the Russian Civil War.

See Polish–Soviet War and 4th Rifle Division (Poland)

52nd Rifle Division

The 52nd Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War, the interwar period, World War II, and the Cold War, formed once during the Russian Civil War and three times during the existence of the Soviet Union.

See Polish–Soviet War and 52nd Rifle Division

See also

Invasions of Russia

• Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War
• Attrition warfare against Napoleon
• Caucasus campaign
• Continuation War
• Crimean War
• Eastern Front (World War I)
• Eastern Front (World War II)
• French invasion of Russia
• Ingrian War
• Japanese intervention in Siberia
• Japanese invasion of Sakhalin
• Livonian campaign against Rus'
• Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'
• Operation Barbarossa
• Polish–Russian War (1609–1618)
• Polish–Soviet War
• Russo-Crimean Wars
• Swedish invasion of Russia
• War in Dagestan (1999)

Subsidiary conflicts of World War I

• 1917 French Army mutinies
• Aster Revolution
• Battle of Ciucea
• Battle of Zalău
• Biennio Rosso
• Finnish Civil War
• Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)
• Hungarian–Romanian War
• Mexican Revolution
• National Schism
• Polish–Soviet War
• Political violence in Germany (1918–1933)
• Red Week (Netherlands)
• Revolt of the Czechoslovak Legion
• Revolts during the Turkish War of Independence
• Revolutions and interventions in Hungary (1918–1920)
• Revolutions of 1917–1923
• Spanish crisis of 1917
• Țigani clash
• Ținutul Sării revolt

Ukrainian War of Independence

• 1918 Ukrainian coup d'état
• Anti-Hetman Uprising
• Archduke Wilhelm of Austria
• Battle of Dibrivka
• Battle of Motovilivka
• Battle of Zhmerynka
• Bolshevik–Makhnovist conflict
• Fyodor Arturovich Keller
• Hryhoriv Uprising
• Medvyn rebellion
• Occupation of Poltava by the Bolsheviks (1918–1919)
• Odesa Arsenal November Uprising
• Pavlo Skoropadskyi
• Peregonovka offensive
• Polish–Soviet War
• Polish–Ukrainian War
• Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine
• Soviet westward offensive of 1918–1919
• Ukrainian Death Triangle
• Ukrainian People's Republic
• Ukrainian War of Independence
• Ukrainian–Soviet War
• West Ukrainian People's Republic

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish–Soviet_War

Also known as Aftermath of the Polish-Soviet War, July Offensive (1920), Polish - Soviet War, Polish Soviet War, Polish-Bolshevic War, Polish-Bolshevik War, Polish-Bolshevist War, Polish-Soviet War in 1919, Polish-Soviet War in 1920, Polish-Soviet War of 1919, Polish-Soviet War of 1920, Polish-Soviet War", Soviet - Polish War, Soviet invasion of Poland (1920), Soviet-Polish War.

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