Portuguese Communist Party

The Portuguese Communist Party (Partido Comunista Português,, PCP) is a major political party in Portugal. ^[1]

Abortion

Abortion is the ending of pregnancy by removing an embryo or fetus before it can survive outside the uterus.

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The Academic Crisis is the name given to a Portuguese governmental policy instigated in 1962 by the Portuguese dictatorial regime (the Estado Novo) entailing the boycott and closure of several student associations and organizations, including the National Secretariat of Portuguese Students.

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Adriano Correia de Oliveira

Adriano Maria Correia Gomes de Oliveira, GCIH, ComL, or just Adriano (April 9, 1942 – October 16, 1982) was a Portuguese musician, born to a conservative Roman Catholic family in Porto.

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Afghanistan

Afghanistan (Pashto/Dari:, Pashto: Afġānistān, Dari: Afġānestān), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located within South Asia and Central Asia.

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African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde

The African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (Partido Africano da Independência da Guiné e Cabo Verde, PAIGC) is a political party in Guinea-Bissau.

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Ajuda

Ajuda is a Portuguese civil parish (freguesia) in the municipality of Lisbon.

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Alentejo

The Alentejo is a geographical, historical and cultural region of south-central and southern Portugal.

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Amora (Seixal)

Amora is a civil parish, in the municipality of Seixal in the district of Setúbal, Portugal.

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Anarcho-syndicalism

Anarcho-syndicalism (also referred to as revolutionary syndicalism) is a theory of anarchism that views revolutionary industrial unionism or syndicalism as a method for workers in capitalist society to gain control of an economy and with that control influence in broader society.

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Aníbal Cavaco Silva

Aníbal António Cavaco Silva, GCC, GColL (born 15 July 1939), is an economist who was the 19th President of Portugal, in office from 9 March 2006 to 9 March 2016.

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Angola

Angola, officially the Republic of Angola (República de Angola; Kikongo, Kimbundu and Repubilika ya Ngola), is a country in Southern Africa.

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António Abreu

António Simões de Abreu, known simply by António Abreu (born 6 August 1947 in Lisbon) is a Portuguese engineer and politician.

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António Costa

António Luís Santos da Costa GCIH (born 17 July 1961) is a Portuguese lawyer and politician serving as the 119th and current Prime Minister of Portugal since 26 November 2015.

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António de Oliveira Salazar

António de Oliveira Salazar (28 April 1889 – 27 July 1970) was a Portuguese statesman who served as Prime Minister of Portugal from 1932 to 1968.

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António Guterres

António Manuel de Oliveira Guterres GCC GCL (born 30 April 1949) is a Portuguese politician and diplomat who is serving as the ninth Secretary-General of the United Nations.

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António Ramalho Eanes

António dos Santos Ramalho Eanes, GColL GCL GColTE CavA (born 25 January 1935) is a Portuguese general and politician who was the 16th President of Portugal from 1976 to 1986.

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Assembleia Municipal

An Assembleia Municipal ("municipal assembly"; plural: assembleias municipais) is the legislature that governs a municipality in Portugal.

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Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)

The Assembly of the Republic (Portuguese: Assembleia da República) is the parliament of the Portuguese Republic.

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Autonomous Regions of Portugal

The two Autonomous Regions of Portugal (Regiões Autónomas de Portugal) are the Azores (Região Autónoma dos Açores) and Madeira (Região Autónoma da Madeira).

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Avante!

Avante! (Onwards!) is the official newspaper of the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP).

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Avante! Festival

Every year, in the first weekend of September (since 1976) the Avante! Festival (Portuguese: Festa do Avante!) is held named after the official newspaper of the Portuguese Communist Party.

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Álvaro Cunhal

Álvaro Barreirinhas Cunhal (10 November 1913 – 13 June 2005) was a Portuguese communist revolutionary and politician.

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Ângelo Veloso

Ângelo Matos Mendes Veloso (1930-1990) was a Portuguese politician.

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Évora District

Évora District (Distrito de Évora) is located in Alentejo, in southern Portugal.

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Babylon Circus

Babylon Circus is a nine piece ska and reggae group founded in 1995 in Lyon, France.

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Baden Powell (guitarist)

Baden Powell de Aquino, usually known simply as Baden Powell (6 August 1937 – 26 September 2000), was one of the most prominent and celebrated Brazilian guitarists and guitar composers of his time.

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Basque Country (autonomous community)

The Basque Country (Euskadi; País Vasco; Pays Basque), officially the Basque Autonomous Community (Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoa, EAE; Comunidad Autónoma Vasca, CAV) is an autonomous community in northern Spain.

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Béla Kun

Béla Kun (20 February 1886 – 29 August 1938), born Béla Kohn, was a Hungarian Communist revolutionary and politician who was the de facto leader of the Hungarian Soviet Republic in 1919.

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Beja District

The Beja District is located in southern Portugal.

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Bento António Gonçalves

Bento António Gonçalves, GOL (1902–1942) was the second Secretary General of the Portuguese Communist Party.

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Bento de Jesus Caraça

Bento de Jesus Caraça, GCSE, GOL (18 April 1901 – 25 June 1948) was an influential Portuguese mathematician, economist and statistician.

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Brigada Víctor Jara

The Brigada Víctor Jara (Portuguese for Víctor Jara Brigade) is a Portuguese folk band, with a career of more than 30 years and among the most influential bands of the Portuguese folk.

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Buffy Sainte-Marie

Buffy Sainte-Marie, OC (born Beverly Sainte-Marie, February 20, 1941) is a Canadian singer-songwriter, musician, composer, visual artist, educator, pacifist, and social activist.

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Cape Verde

Cape Verde or Cabo Verde (Cabo Verde), officially the Republic of Cabo Verde, is an island country spanning an archipelago of 10 volcanic islands in the central Atlantic Ocean.

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Carlos Brito (politician)

Carlos Alfredo de Brito, GCIH (born Portuguese Mozambique, February 9, 1933) is a Portuguese politician.

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Carlos Carvalhas

Carlos Alberto do Vale Gomes Carvalhas, GCC (born in São Pedro do Sul, 9 November 1941) is a Portuguese economist and politician and former Secretary-General of the Portuguese Communist Party (1993–2004), succeeding the historical leader Álvaro Cunhal.

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Carlos Paredes

Carlos Paredes, ComSE, (16 February 1925 – 23 July 2004) was a virtuoso Portuguese guitar player and composer, born in Coimbra, son of the equally famous Artur Paredes.

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Carnation Revolution

The Carnation Revolution (Revolução dos Cravos), also referred to as the 25th of April (vinte e cinco de Abril), was initially a military coup in Lisbon, Portugal, on 25 April 1974 which overthrew the authoritarian regime of the Estado Novo.

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Câmara Municipal

A câmara municipal (meaning literally municipal chamber and often referred to simply as câmara) is a type of municipal governing body, existing in several countries of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries.

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CDS – People's Party

The CDS – People's Party (CDS – Partido Popular, derived from Centro Democrático e Social – Partido Popular, CDS-PP) is a conservative, Christian democratic, and national-conservative political party in Portugal.

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Central Committee

Central Committee was the common designation of a standing administrative body of communist parties, analogous to a board of directors, whether ruling or non-ruling in the 20th century and of the surviving communist states in the 21st century.

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Charlie Haden

Charles Edward "Charlie" Haden (August 6, 1937 – July 11, 2014) was an American jazz double bass player, bandleader, composer and educator known for his deep, warm sound, and whose career spanned more than fifty years.

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Chico Buarque

Francisco "Chico" Buarque de Hollanda (born June 19, 1944 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), popularly known simply as Chico Buarque, is a Brazilian singer-songwriter, guitarist, composer, playwright, writer and poet.

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Colonialism

Colonialism is the policy of a polity seeking to extend or retain its authority over other people or territories, generally with the aim of developing or exploiting them to the benefit of the colonizing country and of helping the colonies modernize in terms defined by the colonizers, especially in economics, religion and health.

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Communism

In political and social sciences, communism (from Latin communis, "common, universal") is the philosophical, social, political, and economic ideology and movement whose ultimate goal is the establishment of the communist society, which is a socioeconomic order structured upon the common ownership of the means of production and the absence of social classes, money and the state.

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Communist International

The Communist International (Comintern), known also as the Third International (1919–1943), was an international communist organization that advocated world communism.

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Communist Party of Poland

The Communist Party of Poland (Komunistyczna Partia Polski, KPP) was a communist party in Poland.

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Communist Party of Spain

The Communist Party of Spain (Partido Comunista de España; PCE) is a historically Marxist-Leninist party that, since 1986, is part of the United Left coalition.

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Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The Communist Party of the Soviet Union was the founding and ruling political party of the Soviet Union.

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Communist Students' League

The Communist Students League (Portuguese: União dos Estudantes Comunistas or UEC) was the student wing of the Portuguese Communist Party.

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Communist Youth of Greece

The Communist Youth of Greece (Κομμουνιστική Νεολαία Ελλαδας (ΚΝΕ), KNE) is the youth wing of the Communist Party of Greece (KKE).

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Congress

A congress is a formal meeting of the representatives of different nations, constituent states, organizations (such as trade unions, and political parties), or groups.

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Constitutional Court (Portugal)

The Constitutional Court (Tribunal Constitucional) is a special court, defined by the Portuguese Constitution as part of the judicial branch of the Portuguese political organization.

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Cuba

Cuba, officially the Republic of Cuba, is a country comprising the island of Cuba as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos.

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Das Kapital

Das Kapital, also known as Capital.

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Deliberative assembly

A deliberative assembly is a gathering of members (of any kind of collective) who use parliamentary procedure to make decisions.

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Democratic centralism

Democratic centralism is a method of leadership in which political decisions reached by the party through its democratically elected bodies are binding upon all members of the party.

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Democratic Intervention

The Democratic Intervention (Portuguese: Intervenção Democrática or ID) is a Portuguese left-wing political association founded in order to promote and defend socialist ideas in Portugal and other countries.

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Dexys Midnight Runners

Dexys Midnight Runners (currently officially Dexys, their former nickname, styled without an apostrophe) are an English pop band with soul influences, who achieved their major success in the early to mid-1980s.

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Dialectical materialism

Dialectical materialism (sometimes abbreviated diamat) is a philosophy of science and nature developed in Europe and based on the writings of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.

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Diogo Freitas do Amaral

Diogo Pinto de Freitas do Amaral (b. Póvoa de Varzim, 21 July 1941), known as Freitas do Amaral, is a Portuguese politician and law professor.

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Eastern Bloc

The Eastern Bloc was the group of socialist states of Central and Eastern Europe, generally the Soviet Union and the countries of the Warsaw Pact.

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Eastern Europe

Eastern Europe is the eastern part of the European continent.

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Ecologist Party "The Greens"

The Ecologist Party "The Greens" (Partido Ecologista "Os Verdes",, PEV) is a Portuguese green and eco-socialist party.

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Eight-hour day

The eight-hour day movement or 40-hour week movement, also known as the short-time movement, was a social movement to regulate the length of a working day, preventing excesses and abuses.

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Electoral Front United People

The Electoral Front United People (Portuguese: Frente Eleitoral Povo Unido or FEPU), was an electoral front of the Portuguese Communist Party, the Portuguese Democratic Movement/Electoral Democratic Commissions and the People's Socialist Front formed in order to participate in the Portuguese local election of 1976.

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Enlargement of the European Union

The European Union (EU) has expanded a number of times throughout its history by way of the accession of new member states to the Union.

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Estado Novo (Portugal)

The Estado Novo ("New State"), or the Second Republic, was the corporatist authoritarian regime installed in Portugal in 1933, which was considered fascist.

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European Parliament

The European Parliament (EP) is the directly elected parliamentary institution of the European Union (EU).

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European Parliament election, 1987 (Portugal)

The European Parliament election of 1987 in Portugal took place on 19 July 1987.

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European Parliament election, 1989 (Portugal)

The European Parliament election of 1989 in Portugal was the election of MEP representing Portugal constituency for the 1989-1994 term of the European Parliament.

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European Parliament election, 1994 (Portugal)

The European Parliament election of 1994 in Portugal was the election of MEP representing Portugal constituency for the 1994-1999 term of the European Parliament.

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European Parliament election, 1999 (Portugal)

The European Parliament election of 1999 in Portugal was the election of MEP representing Portugal constituency for the 1999-2004 term of the European Parliament.

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European Parliament election, 2004 (Portugal)

The European Parliament election of 2004 in Portugal was the election of MEPs representing Portugal for the 2004-2009 term of the European Parliament.

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European Parliament election, 2009 (Portugal)

The European Parliament election of 2009 in Portugal was the election of the delegation from Portugal to the European Parliament held on 7 June 2009.

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European Parliament election, 2014 (Portugal)

The European Parliament election of 2014 in Portugal elected the Portuguese delegation to the European Parliament from 2014 to 2019.

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European Union

The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of EUnum member states that are located primarily in Europe.

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European United Left–Nordic Green Left

European United Left–Nordic Green Left (Gauche unitaire européenne, GUE-NGL) is a left-wing political group in the European Parliament, established in 1995.

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Expresso (newspaper)

''Expresso'' (April 2006), (bottom left) Expresso is the flagship publication of the Group Impresa and is published weekly in Lisbon, Portugal.

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Fascism

Fascism is a form of radical authoritarian ultranationalism, characterized by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition and control of industry and commerce, which came to prominence in early 20th-century Europe.

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Francisco de Sá Carneiro

Francisco Manuel Lumbrales de Sá Carneiro, GCTE, GCC, GCL (19 July 19344 December 1980) founded the Portuguese Social Democratic Party in 1974 (the year of the Portuguese Carnation Revolution) and became Prime Minister of Portugal in January 1980, but only held office for eleven months, dying in a plane crash with his partner, "Snu" Abecassis (born Ebba Merethe Seidenfaden), on 4 December 1980.

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Francisco Lopes

Francisco José de Almeida Lopes (Vila Cova de Alva, 29 August 1955) is a Portuguese electrician and communist politician, currently serving as Member of the Assembly of the Republic.

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Freguesia

Freguesia, usually translated as "parish" or "civil parish", is the third-level administrative subdivision of Portugal, as defined by the 1976 Constitution.

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FRELIMO

The Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO), from the Portuguese Frente de Libertação de Moçambique is the dominant political party in Mozambique.

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French Communist Party

The French Communist Party (Parti communiste français, PCF) is a communist party in France.

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General Confederation of Labour (Portugal)

The General Confederation of Labour (Confederação Geral do Trabalho, or CGT) is a former Portuguese labour union confederation.

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General Confederation of the Portuguese Workers

The General Confederation of the Portuguese Workers (Portuguese: Confederação Geral dos Trabalhadores Portugueses or CGTP) is the largest trade union federation in Portugal.

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Georgi Dimitrov

Georgi Dimitrov Mikhaylov (Гео̀рги Димитро̀в Миха̀йлов), also known as Georgi Mikhaylovich Dimitrov (Гео́ргий Миха́йлович Дими́тров; 18 June 1882 – 2 July 1949), was a Bulgarian communist politician.

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Guinea-Bissau

Guinea-Bissau, officially the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (República da Guiné-Bissau), is a sovereign state in West Africa.

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Hevia

José Ángel Hevia Velasco, known professionally as Hevia (born October 11, 1967 in Villaviciosa, Asturias), is a Spanish bagpiper – specifically, an Asturian gaita player.

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History of communism

The history of communism encompasses a wide variety of ideologies and political movements sharing the core theoretical values of common ownership of wealth, economic enterprise and property.

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Holly Near

Holly Near (born June 6, 1949 in Ukiah, California) is an American singer-songwriter, actress, teacher, and activist.

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International Communist Seminar

The International Communist Seminar (ICS) was an annual communist conference held in Brussels, Belgium in May.

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International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties

The International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties (IMCWP) is an annual conference attended by communist and workers' parties from several nations.

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Internationalism (politics)

Internationalism is a political principle which transcends nationalism and advocates a greater political or economic cooperation among nations and people.

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Iraq

Iraq (or; العراق; عێراق), officially known as the Republic of Iraq (جُمُهورية العِراق; کۆماری عێراق), is a country in Western Asia, bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest and Syria to the west.

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Ivan Lins

Ivan Guimarães Lins (born June 16, 1945) is a Latin Grammy-winning Brazilian musician.

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Júlio Pomar

Júlio Artur da Silva Pomar, GOL, GCM (Lisbon, January 10, 1926 – Lisbon, May 22, 2018) was a Portuguese painter and visual artist.

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Jerónimo de Sousa

Jerónimo Carvalho de Sousa (born 13 April 1947) is a Portuguese politician who has been General Secretary of the Portuguese Communist Party since the 17th Congress of the Party in November 2004.

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Johnny Clegg

Jonathan "Johnny" Clegg OIS (born 7 June 1953) is a South African musician and anthropologist who has recorded and performed with his bands Juluka and Savuka, and more recently as a solo act, occasionally reuniting with his earlier band partners.

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Jorge Palma

Jorge Manuel d’Abreu Palma, known as Jorge Palma (born June 4, 1950 in Lisbon, Portugal), is a Portuguese singer and songwriter.

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Jorge Sampaio

Jorge Fernando Branco de Sampaio, GColTE, GCIH, GColL (born 18 September 1939) is a Portuguese lawyer and politician who was the 18th President of Portugal from 1996 to 2006.

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José Carlos Rates

José Carlos Rates (1879–1945) was one of the first General Secretaries of the Portuguese Communist Party, after the Party's foundation in 1921.

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Joseph Stalin

Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (18 December 1878 – 5 March 1953) was a Soviet revolutionary and politician of Georgian nationality.

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Judy Collins

Judith Marjorie Collins (born May 1, 1939) is an American singer and songwriter known for her eclectic tastes in the material she records (which has included folk music, show tunes, pop music, rock and roll and standards) and for her social activism.

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Juvenile MUD

The Juvenile Movement of Democratic Unity was the youth wing of a Portuguese democratic platform that opposed the dictatorship of António Oliveira Salazar, the Movement of Democratic Unity.

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Kiev

Kiev or Kyiv (Kyiv; Kiyev; Kyjev) is the capital and largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper.

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Kuban Cossack Choir

Kuban Cossack Chorus (Кубанский Казачий Хор, Кубанський козачий хор) is one of the leading Folkloric ensembles in Russia.

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Labour movement

The labour movement or labor movement consists of two main wings, the trade union movement (British English) or labor union movement (American English), also called trade unionism or labor unionism on the one hand, and the political labour movement on the other.

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Land reform

Land reform (also agrarian reform, though that can have a broader meaning) involves the changing of laws, regulations or customs regarding land ownership.

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Left Bloc

The Left Bloc (Bloco de Esquerda) is a left-wing political party in Portugal founded in 1999.

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Leninism

Leninism is the political theory for the organisation of a revolutionary vanguard party and the achievement of a dictatorship of the proletariat as political prelude to the establishment of socialism.

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Lisbon

Lisbon (Lisboa) is the capital and the largest city of Portugal, with an estimated population of 552,700, Census 2011 results according to the 2013 administrative division of Portugal within its administrative limits in an area of 100.05 km2.

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List of municipalities of Portugal

This is a list of the municipalities of Portugal.

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List of political parties in Portugal

This article lists political parties in Portugal.

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Loures

Loures is a city and a municipality in the central Portuguese Grande Lisboa Subregion.

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Manoel de Oliveira

Manoel Cândido Pinto de Oliveira GCSE, GCIH (11 December 1908 – 2 April 2015) was a Portuguese film director and screenwriter born in Cedofeita, Porto.

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Marxism–Leninism

In political science, Marxism–Leninism is the ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, of the Communist International and of Stalinist political parties.

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May Day

May Day is a public holiday usually celebrated on 1 May.

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Mário Sacramento

Mário Emílio de Morais Sacramento (July 7, 1920 – March 27, 1969) was a Portuguese physician and essayist that became famous for his antifascist activities against the dictatorial regime led by Oliveira Salazar in Portugal.

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Mário Soares

Mário Alberto Nobre Lopes Soares, GColTE, GCC, GColL (7 December 1924 – 7 January 2017) was a Portuguese politician who served as Prime Minister of Portugal from 1976 to 1978 and from 1983 to 1985, and subsequently as the 17th President of Portugal from 1986 to 1996.

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Mikhail Suslov

Mikhail Andreyevich Suslov (Михаи́л Андре́евич Су́слов; 25 January 1982) was a Soviet statesman during the Cold War.

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Movement of Democratic Unity

The Movement of Democratic Unity (Movimento de Unidade Democrática or MUD) was a quasi-legal platform of Portuguese democratic organizations that opposed the authoritarian regime of António Oliveira Salazar and was founded in October 1945.

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Mozambique

Mozambique, officially the Republic of Mozambique (Moçambique or República de Moçambique) is a country in Southeast Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Zambia to the northwest, Zimbabwe to the west, and Swaziland and South Africa to the southwest.

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MPLA

The People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola, for some years called the People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola – Labour Party (Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola – Partido do Trabalho), is a political party that has ruled Angola since the country's independence from Portugal in 1975.

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O Militante

O Militante (The Militant) is a magazine of theoretical discussion, founded in 1932 and published by the Portuguese Communist Party.

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Octávio Pato

Octávio Floriano Rodrigues Pato (1 April 1925, Vila Franca de Xira – 19 February 1999) started working at 14 in a shoe factory.

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October Revolution

The October Revolution (p), officially known in Soviet literature as the Great October Socialist Revolution (Вели́кая Октя́брьская социалисти́ческая револю́ция), and commonly referred to as Red October, the October Uprising, the Bolshevik Revolution, or the Bolshevik Coup, was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolsheviks and Vladimir Lenin that was instrumental in the larger Russian Revolution of 1917.

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On the Jewish Question

"On the Jewish Question" is a work by Karl Marx, written in 1843, and first published in Paris in 1844 under the German title "Zur Judenfrage" in the Deutsch–Französische Jahrbücher. It was one of Marx's first attempts to develop what would later be called the materialist conception of history.

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Palestine (region)

Palestine (فلسطين,,; Παλαιστίνη, Palaistinē; Palaestina; פלשתינה. Palestina) is a geographic region in Western Asia.

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Participatory democracy

Participatory democracy emphasizes the broad participation of constituents in the direction and operation of political systems.

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Patriotism

Patriotism or national pride is the ideology of love and devotion to a homeland, and a sense of alliance with other citizens who share the same values.

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Peniche, Portugal

Peniche is a seaside municipality and a city in Portugal.

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PIDE

The PIDE or International and State Defense Police (Polícia Internacional e de Defesa do Estado) was a Portuguese security agency that existed during the Estado Novo regime of António de Oliveira Salazar.

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Politburo

A politburo or political bureau is the executive committee for communist parties.

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Political party

A political party is an organised group of people, often with common views, who come together to contest elections and hold power in government.

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Politics of Portugal

Politics in Portugal takes place in a framework of a unitary semi-presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the Prime Minister of Portugal is the head of government.

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Porto

Porto (also known as Oporto in English) is the second-largest city in Portugal after Lisbon and one of the major urban areas of the Iberian Peninsula.

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Portugal

Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa),In recognized minority languages of Portugal: Portugal is the oldest state in the Iberian Peninsula and one of the oldest in Europe, its territory having been continuously settled, invaded and fought over since prehistoric times.

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Portugal during World War I

Portugal did not initially form part of the system of alliances involved in World War I and thus remained neutral at the start of the conflict in 1914.

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Portuguese Colonial War

The Portuguese Colonial War (Guerra Colonial Portuguesa), also known in Portugal as the Overseas War (Guerra do Ultramar) or in the former colonies as the War of Liberation (Guerra de Libertação), was fought between Portugal's military and the emerging nationalist movements in Portugal's African colonies between 1961 and 1974.

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Portuguese Communist Youth

The Portuguese Communist Youth (Juventude Comunista Portuguesa or JCP) is the youth organization of the Portuguese Communist Party, and was founded on 10 November 1979, after the unification of the Young Communist League and the Communist Students League.

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Portuguese Democratic Movement

The Portuguese Democratic Movement/Democratic Electoral Commissions (Portuguese: Movimento Democrático Português / Comissões Democráticas Eleitorais, MDP/CDE or just MDP) was one of the most important organizations of the democratic opposition to the Portuguese fascist regime.

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Portuguese legislative election, 1987

The Portuguese legislative election of 1987 took place on 19 July.

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Portuguese legislative election, 1991

The Portuguese legislative election of 1991 took place on 6 October.

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Portuguese legislative election, 1995

The Portuguese legislative election of 1995 took place on 1 October.

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Portuguese legislative election, 1999

The Portuguese legislative election of 1999 took place on 10 October.

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Portuguese legislative election, 2002

The Portuguese legislative election of 2002 took place on 17 March.

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Portuguese legislative election, 2005

The Portuguese legislative election of 2005 took place on 20 February.

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Portuguese legislative election, 2009

Legislative elections in Portugal were held on 27 September 2009 to renew all 230 members of the Assembly of the Republic.

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Portuguese legislative election, 2011

A legislative election was held in Portugal on 5 June 2011 to elect all 230 members of the Assembly of the Republic.

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Portuguese legislative election, 2015

A Portuguese legislative election was held on 4 October 2015.

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Portuguese local elections, 1989

The Portuguese local elections of 1989 took place on 17 December.

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Portuguese local elections, 1993

The Portuguese local elections of 1993 took place on 12 December.

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Portuguese local elections, 1997

The Portuguese local elections of 1997 took place on 14 December.

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Portuguese local elections, 2001

The Portuguese local elections of 2001 took place on 16 December.

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Portuguese local elections, 2005

The Portuguese local election of 2005 took place on 9 October.

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Portuguese local elections, 2009

The Portuguese local elections of 2009 took place on 11 October.

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Portuguese local elections, 2013

The Portuguese local elections of 2013 took place on 29 September.

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Portuguese local elections, 2017

The Portuguese local elections of 2017 were held on October 1, 2017.

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Portuguese Maximalist Federation

The Portuguese Maximalist Federation was a revolutionary movement founded in 1918 in Portugal.

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Portuguese presidential election, 1976

The Portuguese presidential election of 1976 was held on 27 June.

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Portuguese presidential election, 1980

The Portuguese presidential election of 1980 was held on 7 December.

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Portuguese presidential election, 1986

The Portuguese presidential election of 1986 was held on 26 January, the second round took place on 16 February.

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Portuguese presidential election, 1991

The Portuguese presidential election of 1991 was held on 13 January.

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Portuguese presidential election, 1996

The Portuguese presidential election of 1996 was held on 14 January.

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Portuguese presidential election, 2001

The Portuguese presidential election of 2001 was held on 14 January.

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Portuguese presidential election, 2006

A Portuguese presidential election was held on 22 January 2006 to elect a successor to the incumbent President Jorge Sampaio, who was term-limited from running for a third consecutive term by the Constitution of Portugal.

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Portuguese presidential election, 2011

The 2011 Portuguese presidential election was held on 23 January 2011.

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Portuguese presidential election, 2016

A Portuguese presidential election was held on 24 January 2016.

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Progressivism

Progressivism is the support for or advocacy of improvement of society by reform.

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Proletarian internationalism

Proletarian internationalism, sometimes referred to as international socialism, is the perception of all communist revolutions as being part of a single global class struggle rather than separate localized events.

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Proletariat

The proletariat (from Latin proletarius "producing offspring") is the class of wage-earners in a capitalist society whose only possession of significant material value is their labour-power (their ability to work).

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Recycling

Recycling is the process of converting waste materials into new materials and objects.

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Red

Red is the color at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.

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Revolutionary

A revolutionary is a person who either participates in, or advocates revolution.

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Ribatejo Province

The Ribatejo is the most central of the traditional provinces of Portugal, with no coastline or border with Spain.

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Richie Havens

Richard Pierce "Richie" Havens (January 21, 1941 – April 22, 2013) was an American singer-songwriter and guitarist.

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Salgado Zenha

Francisco Salgado Zenha, GCL (2 May 1923, Braga – 1 November 1993, Lisbon) was a Portuguese left-wing politician and lawyer.

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São Tomé and Príncipe

São Tomé and Príncipe, officially the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe, is an island nation in the Gulf of Guinea, off the western equatorial coast of Central Africa.

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Seixal

Seixal is a Portuguese municipality, located in the district of Setúbal, in the region of Lisbon.

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Setúbal

Setúbal (or; Caetobrix) is a city and a municipality in Portugal.

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Setúbal District

The District of Setúbal (or, Distrito de Setúbal) is located in the south-west of Portugal, the District Capital is the city of Setúbal.

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Ska-P

Ska-P is a ska punk band formed in Vallecas (Madrid), Spain, in 1994 by a group of friends from Madrid, Navarre and Euskadi at Allmusic, currently on a hiatus since 2014.

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Social Democratic Party (Portugal)

The Social Democratic Party (Partido Social Democrata) is a liberal-conservative and liberal political party in Portugal.

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Socialism

Socialism is a range of economic and social systems characterised by social ownership and democratic control of the means of production as well as the political theories and movements associated with them.

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Socialist Party (Portugal)

The Socialist Party (Partido Socialista,, PS) is a social-democratic political party in Portugal.

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Soviet Union

The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.

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State of Palestine

Palestine (فلسطين), officially the State of Palestine (دولة فلسطين), is a ''de jure'' sovereign state in the Middle East claiming the West Bank (bordering Israel and Jordan) and Gaza Strip (bordering Israel and Egypt) with East Jerusalem as the designated capital, although its administrative center is currently located in Ramallah.

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Switzerland

Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a sovereign state in Europe.

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Tagus

The Tagus (Tajo,; Tejo) is the longest river in the Iberian Peninsula.

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Tarrafal camp

Tarrafal (also known as Campo da Morte Lenta in Portuguese) was a prison camp in the Portuguese colony of Cape Verde.

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Ten Days That Shook the World

Ten Days That Shook the World (1919) is a book by the American journalist and socialist John Reed about the October Revolution in Russia in 1917, which Reed experienced firsthand.

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The Band

The Band was a Canadian-American roots rock group formed in Toronto, Ontario in 1968 by Rick Danko (bass guitar, vocals), Garth Hudson (keyboards, saxophone), Richard Manuel (keyboards, vocals), Robbie Robertson (guitar, vocals), and Levon Helm (drums, vocals).

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The Communist Manifesto

The Communist Manifesto (originally Manifesto of the Communist Party) is an 1848 political pamphlet by German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.

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Thesis

A thesis or dissertation is a document submitted in support of candidature for an academic degree or professional qualification presenting the author's research and findings.

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Tom Paxton

Thomas Richard Paxton (born October 31, 1937) is an American folk singer-songwriter who has had a music career spanning more than fifty years.

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Trade union

A trade union or trades union, also called a labour union (Canada) or labor union (US), is an organization of workers who have come together to achieve many common goals; such as protecting the integrity of its trade, improving safety standards, and attaining better wages, benefits (such as vacation, health care, and retirement), and working conditions through the increased bargaining power wielded by the creation of a monopoly of the workers.

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Unitary Democratic Coalition

The Unitary Democratic Coalition (CDU – Coligação Democrática Unitária, PCP–PEV) is an electoral and political coalition between the Portuguese Communist Party (Partido Comunista Português or PCP) and the Ecologist Party "The Greens" (Portuguese: Partido Ecologista "Os Verdes" or PEV).

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United People Alliance

The United People Alliance (Portuguese: Aliança Povo Unido or APU) was an electoral and political coalition between the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP) and the Portuguese Democratic Movement (MDP-CDE).

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Vanguardism

In the context of the theory of Marxist–Leninist revolutionary struggle, vanguardism is a strategy whereby the most class-conscious and politically advanced sections of the proletariat or working class, described as the revolutionary vanguard, form organizations in order to draw larger sections of the working class towards revolutionary politics and serve as manifestations of proletarian political power against its class enemies.

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Vasco Gonçalves

General Vasco dos Santos Gonçalves OA (Lisbon 3 May 1921 – 11 June 2005) was a Portuguese army officer in the Engineering Corps who took part in the Carnation Revolution and later served as the 104th Prime Minister from 18 July 1974 to 19 September 1975.

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Venezuela

Venezuela, officially denominated Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (República Bolivariana de Venezuela),Previously, the official name was Estado de Venezuela (1830–1856), República de Venezuela (1856–1864), Estados Unidos de Venezuela (1864–1953), and again República de Venezuela (1953–1999).

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Welfare

Welfare is a government support for the citizens and residents of society.

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What Is To Be Done?

What Is To Be Done? Burning Questions of Our Movement (Chto delat'?), is a political pamphlet written by the Russian revolutionary Vladimir Lenin (credited as "N. Lenin") in 1901 and published in 1902.

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Working class

The working class (also labouring class) are the people employed for wages, especially in manual-labour occupations and industrial work.

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World Federation of Democratic Youth

The World Federation of Democratic Youth (WFDY) is an international youth organization, recognized by the United Nations as an international youth non-governmental organization, and has historically characterized itself as anti-imperialist and left-wing.

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World Festival of Youth and Students

The World Festival of Youth and Students is an international event, organized by the World Federation of Democratic Youth (WFDY), a United Nations-recognized international youth non-governmental organization, jointly with the International Union of Students since 1947.

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World War I

World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.

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World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

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Young Communist League (Portugal)

Young Communist League (in Portuguese: União dos Jovens Comunistas) was the youth wing of the Portuguese Communist Party.

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Yugoslavia

Yugoslavia (Jugoslavija/Југославија; Jugoslavija; Југославија; Pannonian Rusyn: Югославия, transcr. Juhoslavija)Jugosllavia; Jugoszlávia; Juhoslávia; Iugoslavia; Jugoslávie; Iugoslavia; Yugoslavya; Югославия, transcr. Jugoslavija.

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Zeca Afonso

José Manuel Cerqueira Afonso dos Santos, known as José Afonso, Zeca Afonso or just Zeca (2 August 1929 – 23 February 1987) is among the most influential folk and political musicians in Portuguese history.

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28 May 1926 coup d'état

The 28 May 1926 coup d'état, sometimes called 28 May Revolution or, during the period of the authoritarian Estado Novo (New State), the National Revolution (Revolução Nacional), was a military coup of a nationalist origin, that put an end to the unstable Portuguese First Republic and initiated the Ditadura Nacional (National Dictatorship), later refashioned into the Estado Novo, an authoritarian dictatorship that would last until the Carnation Revolution in 1974.

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Redirects here:

Communist Party of Portugal, O Comunista, Par'tidu kumu'niSta purtu'geS, Partido Comunista Portugues, Partido Comunista Português, Pɐɾ'tidu kumu'niʃtɐ puɾtu'geʃ.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_Communist_Party

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