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Reinforced concrete

Index Reinforced concrete

Reinforced concrete (RC) (also called reinforced cement concrete or RCC) is a composite material in which concrete's relatively low tensile strength and ductility are counteracted by the inclusion of reinforcement having higher tensile strength or ductility. [1]

143 relations: Adhesion, Alkali, Alkali–silica reaction, Aluminium foil, American Concrete Institute, Amorphous solid, Anode, Area, Balcony, Baluster, Ban (law), Basalt fiber, Beam (structure), Bending, Bending moment, Bentonite, Bicarbonate, Building code, Business magnate, Calcite, Calcium, Calcium carbonate, Calcium chloride, Calcium hydroxide, Calcium silicate, Calcium silicate hydrate, Calcium sulfate, Capillary, Carbon dioxide, Carbon nanotube, Carbonate minerals, Cathodic protection, Cement, Chalcedony, Chemical bond, Chert, Chloride, Column, Composite material, Compression (physics), Concrete, Concrete cover, Concrete slab, Construction aggregate, Corrosion, Corrosion inhibitor, Cover meter, CSA Group, Dam, Deflection (engineering), ..., Deformation (engineering), Deicing, Design life, Drill, Ductility, Eastern Europe, Epoxy, Ernest L. Ransome, Ettringite, Falsework, Ferrocement, Ferrous, Fiberglass, Fibre-reinforced plastic, Fireproofing, Formwork, Foundation (engineering), Fracture, Fracture mechanics, Framing (construction), François Coignet, Glass, Glass fiber reinforced concrete, Graphite, Heat, Homer Laughlin Building, Hydration reaction, Hydrochloric acid, Hydroxy group, Hydroxylapatite, Ingalls Building, Intertidal zone, Iron(III) oxide-hydroxide, Joseph Monier, Kahn system, Limestone, Limit state design, List of materials properties, Magnesite, Magnesium sulfate, Magnetic resonance imaging, Magnetism, Melting point, Nitrate, Nitrite, Oxidizing agent, Passivation (chemistry), Permissible stress design, PH, Phenolphthalein, Pink, Pitting corrosion, Polymer, Portland cement, Portlandite, Precast concrete, Prestressed concrete, Radio wave, Rebar, Reinforced concrete column, Relative humidity, Rust, Salt (chemistry), Seawater, Service life, Shotcrete, Silicic acid, Silicon dioxide, Sodium chloride, Spall, Specific strength, Stainless steel, Steel, Strength of materials, Stress (mechanics), Structural robustness, Sulfate, Tension (physics), Thaddeus Hyatt, Thaumasite, Thermal expansion, Toll road, Types of concrete, Ultimate tensile strength, United Kingdom, Wall, Waterproofing, Whole-life cost, World War II, Yield (engineering), Zinc phosphate, 1906 San Francisco earthquake, 99% Invisible. Expand index (93 more) »

Adhesion

Adhesion is the tendency of dissimilar particles or surfaces to cling to one another (cohesion refers to the tendency of similar or identical particles/surfaces to cling to one another).

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Alkali

In chemistry, an alkali (from Arabic: al-qaly “ashes of the saltwort”) is a basic, ionic salt of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal chemical element.

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Alkali–silica reaction

The alkali–silica reaction (ASR), more commonly known as "concrete cancer", is a swelling reaction that occurs over time in concrete between the highly alkaline cement paste and the reactive non-crystalline (amorphous) silica found in many common aggregates, given sufficient moisture.

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Aluminium foil

Aluminium foil (or aluminum foil), often referred to with the misnomer tin foil, is aluminium prepared in thin metal leaves with a thickness less than; thinner gauges down to are also commonly used.

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American Concrete Institute

The American Concrete Institute (ACI, formerly National Association of Cement Users or NACU) is a non-profit technical society and standards developing organization.

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Amorphous solid

In condensed matter physics and materials science, an amorphous (from the Greek a, without, morphé, shape, form) or non-crystalline solid is a solid that lacks the long-range order that is characteristic of a crystal.

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Anode

An anode is an electrode through which the conventional current enters into a polarized electrical device.

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Area

Area is the quantity that expresses the extent of a two-dimensional figure or shape, or planar lamina, in the plane.

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Balcony

A balcony (from balcone, scaffold; cf. Old High German balcho, beam, balk; probably cognate with Persian term بالكانه bālkāneh or its older variant پالكانه pālkāneh) is a platform projecting from the wall of a building, supported by columns or console brackets, and enclosed with a balustrade, usually above the ground floor.

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Baluster

A baluster—also called spindle or stair stick—is a moulded shaft, square or of lathe-turned form, cut from a rectangular or square plank, one of various forms of spindle in woodwork, made of stone or wood and sometimes of metal, standing on a unifying footing, and supporting the coping of a parapet or the handrail of a staircase.

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Ban (law)

A ban is a formal or informal prohibition of something.

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Basalt fiber

Basalt fiber is a material made from extremely fine fibers of basalt, which is composed of the minerals plagioclase, pyroxene, and olivine.

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Beam (structure)

A beam is a structural element that primarily resists loads applied laterally to the beam's axis.

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Bending

In applied mechanics, bending (also known as flexure) characterizes the behavior of a slender structural element subjected to an external load applied perpendicularly to a longitudinal axis of the element.

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Bending moment

A bending moment is the reaction induced in a structural element when an external force or moment is applied to the element causing the element to bend.

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Bentonite

Bentonite (/ˈbɛntənʌɪt/) is an absorbent aluminium phyllosilicate clay consisting mostly of montmorillonite.

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Bicarbonate

In inorganic chemistry, bicarbonate (IUPAC-recommended nomenclature: hydrogencarbonate) is an intermediate form in the deprotonation of carbonic acid.

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Building code

A building code (also building control or building regulations) is a set of rules that specify the standards for constructed objects such as buildings and nonbuilding structures.

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Business magnate

A business magnate (formally industrialist) refers to an entrepreneur of great influence, importance, or standing in a particular enterprise or field of business.

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Calcite

Calcite is a carbonate mineral and the most stable polymorph of calcium carbonate (CaCO3).

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Calcium

Calcium is a chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20.

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Calcium carbonate

Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound with the formula CaCO3.

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Calcium chloride

Calcium chloride is an inorganic compound, a salt with the chemical formula CaCl2.

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Calcium hydroxide

Calcium hydroxide (traditionally called slaked lime) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ca(OH)2.

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Calcium silicate

Calcium silicate is the chemical compound Ca2SiO4, also known as calcium orthosilicate and is sometimes formulated as 2CaO·SiO2.

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Calcium silicate hydrate

Calcium silicate hydrate (or C-S-H) is the main product of the hydration of Portland cement and is primarily responsible for the strength in cement based materials.

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Calcium sulfate

Calcium sulfate (or calcium sulphate) is the inorganic compound with the formula CaSO4 and related hydrates.

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Capillary

A capillary is a small blood vessel from 5 to 10 micrometres (µm) in diameter, and having a wall one endothelial cell thick.

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Carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide (chemical formula) is a colorless gas with a density about 60% higher than that of dry air.

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Carbon nanotube

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are allotropes of carbon with a cylindrical nanostructure.

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Carbonate minerals

Carbonate minerals are those minerals containing the carbonate ion, CO32−.

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Cathodic protection

Cathodic protection (CP) is a technique used to control the corrosion of a metal surface by making it the cathode of an electrochemical cell.

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Cement

A cement is a binder, a substance used for construction that sets, hardens and adheres to other materials, binding them together.

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Chalcedony

Chalcedony is a cryptocrystalline form of silica, composed of very fine intergrowths of quartz and moganite.

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Chemical bond

A chemical bond is a lasting attraction between atoms, ions or molecules that enables the formation of chemical compounds.

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Chert

Chert is a fine-grained sedimentary rock composed of microcrystalline or cryptocrystalline silica, the mineral form of silicon dioxide (SiO2).

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Chloride

The chloride ion is the anion (negatively charged ion) Cl−.

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Column

A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below.

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Composite material

A composite material (also called a composition material or shortened to composite, which is the common name) is a material made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties that, when combined, produce a material with characteristics different from the individual components.

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Compression (physics)

In mechanics, compression is the application of balanced inward ("pushing") forces to different points on a material or structure, that is, forces with no net sum or torque directed so as to reduce its size in one or more directions.

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Concrete

Concrete, usually Portland cement concrete, is a composite material composed of fine and coarse aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement (cement paste) that hardens over time—most frequently a lime-based cement binder, such as Portland cement, but sometimes with other hydraulic cements, such as a calcium aluminate cement.

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Concrete cover

Concrete cover, in reinforced concrete, is the least distance between the surface of embedded reinforcement and the outer surface of the concrete (ACI 130).

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Concrete slab

A concrete slab is a common structural element of modern buildings.

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Construction aggregate

Construction aggregate, or simply "aggregate", is a broad category of coarse to medium grained particulate material used in construction, including sand, gravel, crushed stone, slag, recycled concrete and geosynthetic aggregates.

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Corrosion

Corrosion is a natural process, which converts a refined metal to a more chemically-stable form, such as its oxide, hydroxide, or sulfide.

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Corrosion inhibitor

A corrosion inhibitor is a chemical compound that, when added to a liquid or gas, decreases the corrosion rate of a material, typically a metal or an alloy.

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Cover meter

A cover meter is an instrument to locate rebars and measure the exact concrete cover.

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CSA Group

The CSA Group (formerly the Canadian Standards Association; CSA), is a standards organization which develops standards in 57 areas.

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Dam

A dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of water or underground streams.

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Deflection (engineering)

In engineering, deflection is the degree to which a structural element is displaced under a load.

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Deformation (engineering)

In materials science, deformation refers to any changes in the shape or size of an object due to-.

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Deicing

De-icing is the process of removing snow, ice or frost from a surface.

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Design life

The design life of a component or product is the period of time during which the item is expected by its designers to work within its specified parameters; in other words, the life expectancy of the item.

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Drill

A drill is a tool fitted with a cutting tool attachment or driving tool attachment, usually a drill bit or driver bit, used for boring holes in various materials or fastening various materials together.

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Ductility

Ductility is a measure of a material's ability to undergo significant plastic deformation before rupture, which may be expressed as percent elongation or percent area reduction from a tensile test.

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Eastern Europe

Eastern Europe is the eastern part of the European continent.

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Epoxy

Epoxy is either any of the basic components or the cured end products of epoxy resins, as well as a colloquial name for the epoxide functional group.

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Ernest L. Ransome

Ernest Leslie Ransome (1852–1917) was an English-born engineer, architect, and early innovator in reinforced concrete building techniques.

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Ettringite

Ettringite is a hydrous calcium aluminium sulfate mineral with formula: Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12·26H2O.

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Falsework

Falsework consists of temporary structures used in construction to support spanning or arched structures in order to hold the component in place until its construction is sufficiently advanced to support itself.

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Ferrocement

Ferrocement or ferro-cement (also called thin-shell concrete or ferro-concrete) is a system of reinforced mortar or plaster (lime or cement, sand and water) applied over layer of metal mesh, woven expanded-metal or metal-fibers and closely spaced thin steel rods such as rebar.

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Ferrous

In chemistry, ferrous (Fe2+), indicates a divalent iron compound (+2 oxidation state), as opposed to ferric, which indicates a trivalent iron compound (+3 oxidation state).

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Fiberglass

Fiberglass (US) or fibreglass (UK) is a common type of fiber-reinforced plastic using glass fiber.

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Fibre-reinforced plastic

Fibre-reinforced plastic (FRP) (also called fiber-reinforced polymer, or fiber-reinforced plastic) is a composite material made of a polymer matrix reinforced with fibres.

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Fireproofing

Fireproofing is rendering something (structures, materials, etc.) resistant to fire, or incombustible; or material for use in making anything fire-proof.

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Formwork

Formwork is temporary or permanent molds into which concrete or similar materials are poured.

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Foundation (engineering)

A foundation (or, more commonly, base) is the element of an architectural structure which connects it to the ground, and transfers loads from the structure to the ground.

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Fracture

A fracture is the separation of an object or material into two or more pieces under the action of stress.

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Fracture mechanics

Fracture mechanics is the field of mechanics concerned with the study of the propagation of cracks in materials.

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Framing (construction)

Framing, in construction, is the fitting together of pieces to give a structure support and shape.

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François Coignet

François Coignet (10 February 1814 – 30 October 1888) was a French industrialist of the nineteenth century.

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Glass

Glass is a non-crystalline amorphous solid that is often transparent and has widespread practical, technological, and decorative usage in, for example, window panes, tableware, and optoelectronics.

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Glass fiber reinforced concrete

Glass fiber reinforced concrete or GFRC is a type of fiber-reinforced concrete.

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Graphite

Graphite, archaically referred to as plumbago, is a crystalline allotrope of carbon, a semimetal, a native element mineral, and a form of coal.

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Heat

In thermodynamics, heat is energy transferred from one system to another as a result of thermal interactions.

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Homer Laughlin Building

The Homer Laughlin Building, at 317 South Broadway in Downtown Los Angeles, is a landmark building best known for its ground floor tenant the Grand Central Market, the city's largest and oldest public market.

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Hydration reaction

In chemistry, a hydration reaction is a chemical reaction in which a substance combines with water.

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Hydrochloric acid

Hydrochloric acid is a colorless inorganic chemical system with the formula.

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Hydroxy group

A hydroxy or hydroxyl group is the entity with the formula OH.

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Hydroxylapatite

Hydroxylapatite, also called hydroxyapatite (HA), is a naturally occurring mineral form of calcium apatite with the formula Ca5(PO4)3(OH), but is usually written Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 to denote that the crystal unit cell comprises two entities.

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Ingalls Building

The Ingalls Building, built in 1903 in Cincinnati, Ohio, is the world's first reinforced concrete skyscraper.

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Intertidal zone

The intertidal zone, also known as the foreshore and seashore and sometimes referred to as the littoral zone, is the area that is above water at low tide and under water at high tide (in other words, the area between tide marks).

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Iron(III) oxide-hydroxide

A number of chemicals are dubbed iron(III) oxide-hydroxide.

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Joseph Monier

Joseph Monier (8 November 1823, Saint-Quentin-la-Poterie, France – 13 March 1906, Paris) was a French gardener and one of the principal inventors of reinforced concrete.

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Kahn system

The Kahn system is an industrial construction technique for reinforcement of buildings that was engineered and patented by Julius Kahn.

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Limestone

Limestone is a sedimentary rock, composed mainly of skeletal fragments of marine organisms such as coral, forams and molluscs.

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Limit state design

Limit state design (LSD), also known as load and resistance factor design (LRFD), refers to a design method used in structural engineering.

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List of materials properties

A material's property (or material property) is an intensive property of some material, i.e. a physical property that does not depend on the amount of the material.

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Magnesite

Magnesite is a mineral with the chemical formula MgCO3 (magnesium carbonate).

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Magnesium sulfate

Magnesium sulfate is an inorganic salt with the formula MgSO4(H2O)x where 0≤x≤7.

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Magnetic resonance imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique used in radiology to form pictures of the anatomy and the physiological processes of the body in both health and disease.

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Magnetism

Magnetism is a class of physical phenomena that are mediated by magnetic fields.

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Melting point

The melting point (or, rarely, liquefaction point) of a substance is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid at atmospheric pressure.

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Nitrate

Nitrate is a polyatomic ion with the molecular formula and a molecular mass of 62.0049 u.

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Nitrite

The nitrite ion, which has the chemical formula, is a symmetric anion with equal N–O bond lengths.

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Oxidizing agent

In chemistry, an oxidizing agent (oxidant, oxidizer) is a substance that has the ability to oxidize other substances — in other words to cause them to lose electrons.

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Passivation (chemistry)

Passivation, in physical chemistry and engineering, refers to a material becoming "passive," that is, less affected or corroded by the environment of future use.

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Permissible stress design

Permissible stress design (in USA construction more commonly called allowable stress design) is a design philosophy used by civil engineers.

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PH

In chemistry, pH is a logarithmic scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.

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Phenolphthalein

Phenolphthalein is a chemical compound with the formula C20H14O4 and is often written as "HIn" or "phph" in shorthand notation.

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Pink

Pink is a pale red color that is named after a flower of the same name.

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Pitting corrosion

Pitting corrosion, or pitting, is a form of extremely localized corrosion that leads to the creation of small holes in the metal.

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Polymer

A polymer (Greek poly-, "many" + -mer, "part") is a large molecule, or macromolecule, composed of many repeated subunits.

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Portland cement

Portland cement is the most common type of cement in general use around the world as a basic ingredient of concrete, mortar, stucco, and non-specialty grout.

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Portlandite

Portlandite is an oxide mineral.

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Precast concrete

Precast concrete is a construction product produced by casting concrete in a reusable mold or "form" which is then cured in a controlled environment, transported to the construction site and lifted into place ("tilt up").

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Prestressed concrete

Prestressed concrete is a form of concrete used in construction which is "pre-stressed" by being placed under compression prior to supporting any loads beyond its own dead weight.

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Radio wave

Radio waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum longer than infrared light.

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Rebar

Rebar (short for reinforcing bar), collectively known as reinforcing steel and reinforcement steel, is a steel bar or mesh of steel wires used as a tension device in reinforced concrete and reinforced masonry structures to strengthen and hold the concrete in compression.

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Reinforced concrete column

A reinforced concrete column is a structural member designed to carry compressive loads, composed of concrete with an embedded steel frame to provide reinforcement.

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Relative humidity

Relative humidity (RH) is the ratio of the partial pressure of water vapor to the equilibrium vapor pressure of water at a given temperature.

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Rust

Rust is an iron oxide, a usually red oxide formed by the redox reaction of iron and oxygen in the presence of water or air moisture.

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Salt (chemistry)

In chemistry, a salt is an ionic compound that can be formed by the neutralization reaction of an acid and a base.

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Seawater

Seawater, or salt water, is water from a sea or ocean.

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Service life

A product's service life is its period of use in service.

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Shotcrete

Shotcrete, gunite or sprayed concrete is concrete or mortar conveyed through a hose and pneumatically projected at high velocity onto a surface, as a construction technique.

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Silicic acid

Silicic acid is the general name for a family of chemical compounds containing the element silicon attached to oxide and hydroxyl groups, with the general formula n or,equivalently, n. They are generally colorless and sparingly soluble in water.

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Silicon dioxide

Silicon dioxide, also known as silica (from the Latin silex), is an oxide of silicon with the chemical formula, most commonly found in nature as quartz and in various living organisms.

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Sodium chloride

Sodium chloride, also known as salt, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chloride ions.

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Spall

Spall is flakes of a material that are broken off a larger solid body and can be produced by a variety of mechanisms, including as a result of projectile impact, corrosion, weathering, cavitation, or excessive rolling pressure (as in a ball bearing).

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Specific strength

The specific strength is a material's strength (force per unit area at failure) divided by its density.

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Stainless steel

In metallurgy, stainless steel, also known as inox steel or inox from French inoxydable (inoxidizable), is a steel alloy with a minimum of 10.5% chromium content by mass.

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Steel

Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon and other elements.

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Strength of materials

Strength of materials, also called mechanics of materials, is a subject which deals with the behavior of solid objects subject to stresses and strains.

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Stress (mechanics)

In continuum mechanics, stress is a physical quantity that expresses the internal forces that neighboring particles of a continuous material exert on each other, while strain is the measure of the deformation of the material.

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Structural robustness

Robustness is the ability of a structure to withstand events like fire, explosions, impact or the consequences of human error, without being damaged to an extent disproportionate to the original cause - as defined in EN 1991-1-7 of the Accidental Actions Eurocode.

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Sulfate

The sulfate or sulphate (see spelling differences) ion is a polyatomic anion with the empirical formula.

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Tension (physics)

In physics, tension may be described as the pulling force transmitted axially by the means of a string, cable, chain, or similar one-dimensional continuous object, or by each end of a rod, truss member, or similar three-dimensional object; tension might also be described as the action-reaction pair of forces acting at each end of said elements.

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Thaddeus Hyatt

Thaddeus Hyatt (July 21, 1816 – July 25, 1901) was an American abolitionist and inventor.

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Thaumasite

Thaumasite is a silicate mineral with chemical formula Ca3Si(OH)6(CO3)(SO4)·12H2O.

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Thermal expansion

Thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to change in shape, area, and volume in response to a change in temperature.

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Toll road

A toll road, also known as a turnpike or tollway, is a public or private road for which a fee (or toll) is assessed for passage.

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Types of concrete

Concrete is produced in a variety of compositions, finishes and performance characteristics to meet a wide range of needs.

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Ultimate tensile strength

Ultimate tensile strength (UTS), often shortened to tensile strength (TS), ultimate strength, or Ftu within equations, is the capacity of a material or structure to withstand loads tending to elongate, as opposed to compressive strength, which withstands loads tending to reduce size.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

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Wall

A wall is a structure that defines an area, carries a load, or provides shelter or security.

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Waterproofing

Waterproofing is the process of making an object or structure waterproof or water-resistant so that it remains relatively unaffected by water or resisting the ingress of water under specified conditions.

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Whole-life cost

Whole-life cost, or Life-cycle cost (LCC), refers to the total cost of ownership over the life of an asset.

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World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

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Yield (engineering)

The yield point is the point on a stress–strain curve that indicates the limit of elastic behavior and the beginning of plastic behavior.

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Zinc phosphate

Zinc phosphate (Zn3(PO4)2) is an inorganic chemical compound used as a corrosion resistant coating on metal surfaces either as part of an electroplating process or applied as a primer pigment (see also red lead).

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1906 San Francisco earthquake

The 1906 San Francisco earthquake struck the coast of Northern California at 5:12 a.m. on Wednesday, April 18 with an estimated moment magnitude of 7.9 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme).

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99% Invisible

99% Invisible is an independently produced radio show created by Roman Mars that focuses on design and architecture.

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Redirects here:

Armed concrete, Concrete beam, Concrete column, Concrete construction, Ferro-Concrete, Ferro-concrete, Ferroconcrete, Ferrocrete, Ferrous concrete, Ferrous-concrete, Hardened concrete, RCC building, Reinforced Concrete, Reinforced Concrete Cement, Reinforced cement concrete, Reinforced concretes, Reinforced-concrete, Steel reinforced concrete, Steel-reinforced concrete.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforced_concrete

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