143 relations: Aachen, Aachen Cathedral, Abbot, Adolf of Germany, Albert I of Germany, Albert II, Duke of Austria, Albert II, Duke of Saxony, Albert III, Count of Habsburg, Albert IV, Count of Habsburg, Alemanni, Alfonso X of Castile, Alsace, Anne of Bohemia (1290–1313), Augsburg, Austria, Babenberg, Battle on the Marchfeld, Bern, Berthold IV, Duke of Zähringen, Breisgau, Canton of Aargau, Canton of Uri, Charles Martel of Anjou, Clemence of Austria, Conrad I, Duke of Zähringen, Conrad IV of Germany, Conradin, Council of Lyon, Count of Hohenberg, Count-kings, County of Baden, Crusades, Dante Alighieri, Devil's Bridge, Dillingen (district), Divine Comedy, Duchy of Austria, Duchy of Carinthia, Duchy of Styria, Duchy of Swabia, Duke of Swabia, Elizabeth of Bohemia (1292–1330), Family tree of the German monarchs, Franconia, Frankfurt, Frederick I, Margrave of Meissen, Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, Frederick III, Burgrave of Nuremberg, Frohburg, Germany, ..., Gertrude of Hohenberg, Habsburg Castle, Habsburg Monarchy, Hedwig of Habsburg, Henry XIII, Duke of Bavaria, Herman VI, Margrave of Baden, History of Bavaria, Hoftag, Hohenstaufen, Holy Roman Empire, House of Habsburg, House of Hohenzollern, House of Luxembourg, House of Wittelsbach, Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy, Hungary, Imperial ban, Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire), Imperial election, 1273, Imperial immediacy, Interregnum, Interregnum (HRE), Investiture Controversy, Isabella of Burgundy, Queen of Germany, John Parricida, Judith of Habsburg, Königsberg, King of the Romans, Kingdom of Bohemia, Kingdom of England, Kingdom of France, Kunigunda of Halych, Kyburg family, Ladislaus IV of Hungary, Lake Lucerne, Landshut, Lenzburg, List of Counts of Namur, List of German monarchs, List of rulers of Austria, Louis II, Duke of Bavaria, Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor, March of Carniola, Margraviate of Moravia, Maria Theresa, Matilda of Habsburg, Meinhard, Duke of Carinthia, Munich, Neuhabsburg Castle, Nuremberg, Oettingen in Bayern, Otto III, Duke of Bavaria, Otto IV, Count of Burgundy, Otto VI, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel, Ottokar II of Bohemia, Přemyslid dynasty, Pfullendorf, Philip I, Count of Savoy, Philip of Swabia, Pope Gregory X, Pope Innocent IV, Prague, Prince-Bishopric of Basel, Prince-Bishopric of Strasbourg, Prince-elector, Princes of the Holy Roman Empire, Purgatory, Rheinau, Switzerland, Rheinfelden, Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall, Robber baron (feudalism), Rome, Rudolf I of Bohemia, Rudolf I, Duke of Bavaria, Rudolf I, Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg, Rudolf II, Duke of Austria, Rudolph II, Count of Habsburg, Sasbach am Kaiserstuhl, Schwyz, Siegfried I, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst, Speyer, Speyer Cathedral, Stem duchy, Styria, Switzerland, Thuringia, Unterwalden, Vienna, Wenceslaus II of Bohemia, Wenceslaus III of Bohemia, Werner II, Count of Habsburg, William II of Holland, Wittenberg. Expand index (93 more) »
Aachen
Aachen or Bad Aachen, French and traditional English: Aix-la-Chapelle, is a spa and border city.
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Aachen Cathedral
Aachen Cathedral (German: Aachener Dom), traditionally called in English the Cathedral of Aix-la-Chapelle, is a Roman Catholic church in Aachen, western Germany, and the see of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Aachen.
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Abbot
Abbot, meaning father, is an ecclesiastical title given to the male head of a monastery in various traditions, including Christianity.
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Adolf of Germany
Adolf (c. 1255 – 2 July 1298) was Count of Nassau from about 1276 and elected King of Germany (King of the Romans) from 1292 until his deposition by the prince-electors in 1298.
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Albert I of Germany
Albert I of Habsburg (Albrecht I.) (July 12551 May 1308), the eldest son of King Rudolf I of Germany and his first wife Gertrude of Hohenburg, was a Duke of Austria and Styria from 1282 and King of Germany from 1298 until his assassination.
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Albert II, Duke of Austria
Albert II (12 December 1298 – 16 August 1358), known as the Wise or the Lame, a member of the House of Habsburg, was Duke of Austria and Styria from 1330, as well as Duke of Carinthia from 1335 until his death.
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Albert II, Duke of Saxony
Albert II of Saxony (Wittenberg upon Elbe, ca. 1250 – 25 August 1298, near Aken) was a son of Duke Albert I of Saxony and his third wife Helen of Brunswick and Lunenburg, a daughter of Otto the Child.
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Albert III, Count of Habsburg
Albert III (died 25 November 1199), also known as Albert the Rich, was Count of Habsburg and a progenitor of the royal House of Habsburg.
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Albert IV, Count of Habsburg
Albert IV (or Albert the Wise) (ca. 1188 – December 13, 1239) was Count of Habsburg in the Aargau and a progenitor of the royal House of Habsburg.
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Alemanni
The Alemanni (also Alamanni; Suebi "Swabians") were a confederation of Germanic tribes on the Upper Rhine River.
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Alfonso X of Castile
Alfonso X (also occasionally Alphonso, Alphonse, or Alfons, 23 November 1221 – 4 April 1284), called the Wise (el Sabio), was the King of Castile, León and Galicia from 30 May 1252 until his death in 1284.
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Alsace
Alsace (Alsatian: ’s Elsass; German: Elsass; Alsatia) is a cultural and historical region in eastern France, on the west bank of the upper Rhine next to Germany and Switzerland.
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Anne of Bohemia (1290–1313)
Anne of Bohemia (1290–1313) was the eldest surviving daughter of Wenceslaus II of Bohemia and Poland and his first wife Judith of Habsburg.
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Augsburg
Augsburg (Augschburg) is a city in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany.
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Austria
Austria (Österreich), officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich), is a federal republic and a landlocked country of over 8.8 million people in Central Europe.
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Babenberg
Babenberg was a noble dynasty of Austrian margraves and dukes.
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Battle on the Marchfeld
The Battle on the Marchfeld (i.e. Morava Field; Bitva na Moravském poli; Morvamezei csata) at Dürnkrut and Jedenspeigen took place on 26 August 1278 and was a decisive event for the history of Central Europe for the following centuries.
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Bern
Bern or Berne (Bern, Bärn, Berne, Berna, Berna) is the de facto capital of Switzerland, referred to by the Swiss as their (e.g. in German) Bundesstadt, or "federal city".
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Berthold IV, Duke of Zähringen
Berthold IV, Duke of Zähringen (– 8 December 1186) was a Duke of Zähringen and Rector of Burgundy.
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Breisgau
Breisgau is an area in southwest Germany between the Rhine River and the foothills of the Black Forest.
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Canton of Aargau
The canton of Aargau (German: Kanton; sometimes anglicized Argovia; see also other names) is one of the more northerly cantons of Switzerland.
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Canton of Uri
The canton of Uri (German: Kanton) is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland and a founding member of the Swiss Confederation.
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Charles Martel of Anjou
Charles Martel (Martell Károly; 8 September 1271 – 12 August 1295) of the Angevin dynasty was the eldest son of king Charles II of Naples and Maria of Hungary,John V.A. Fine Jr., The Late Medieval Balkans, (The University of Michigan Press, 1994), 207.
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Clemence of Austria
Clemence of Austria (1262 – February 1293, or 1295) was a daughter of King Rudolph I of Germany and Gertrude of Hohenberg.
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Conrad I, Duke of Zähringen
Conrad I, Duke of Zähringen (– 8 January 1152 in Constance) was Duke of Zähringen from 1122 until his death and from 1127 also Rector of Burgundy.
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Conrad IV of Germany
Conrad (25 April 1228 – 21 May 1254), a member of the Hohenstaufen dynasty, was the only son of Emperor Frederick II from his second marriage with Queen Isabella II of Jerusalem.
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Conradin
Conrad (25 March 1252 – 29 October 1268), called the Younger or the Boy, but usually known by the diminutive Conradin (Konradin, Corradino), was the Duke of Swabia (1254–1268, as Conrad IV), King of Jerusalem (1254–1268, as Conrad III), and King of Sicily (1254–1258, de jure until 1268, as Conrad II).
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Council of Lyon
The Council of Lyon may refer to a number of synods or councils of the Roman Catholic Church, held in Lyon, France or in nearby Anse.
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Count of Hohenberg
The Counts of Hohenberg (or Margraves of Hohenberg) were an ancient Swabian dynasty in the southwest of the present-day Germany, in the state of Baden-Württemberg.
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Count-kings
Count-kings (Grafenkönige) was a description given by the historian Bernd Schneidmüller to the rulers of the Holy Roman Empire between the Great Interregnum and the final acquisition of the royal throne by the Habsburg dynasty in 1438.
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County of Baden
The County of Baden (German: Grafschaft Baden) was a condominium of the Old Swiss Confederacy and is now part of the Swiss Canton of Aargau.
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Crusades
The Crusades were a series of religious wars sanctioned by the Latin Church in the medieval period.
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Dante Alighieri
Durante degli Alighieri, commonly known as Dante Alighieri or simply Dante (c. 1265 – 1321), was a major Italian poet of the Late Middle Ages.
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Devil's Bridge
Devil's Bridge is a term applied to dozens of ancient bridges, found primarily in Europe.
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Dillingen (district)
Dillingen is a ''Landkreis'' (district) in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany.
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Divine Comedy
The Divine Comedy (Divina Commedia) is a long narrative poem by Dante Alighieri, begun c. 1308 and completed in 1320, a year before his death in 1321.
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Duchy of Austria
The Duchy of Austria (Herzogtum Österreich) was a medieval principality of the Holy Roman Empire, established in 1156 by the Privilegium Minus, when the Margraviate of Austria (Ostarrîchi) was detached from Bavaria and elevated to a duchy in its own right.
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Duchy of Carinthia
The Duchy of Carinthia (Herzogtum Kärnten; Vojvodina Koroška) was a duchy located in southern Austria and parts of northern Slovenia.
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Duchy of Styria
The Duchy of Styria (Herzogtum Steiermark; Vojvodina Štajerska; Stájer Hercegség) was a duchy located in modern-day southern Austria and northern Slovenia.
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Duchy of Swabia
The Duchy of Swabia (German: Herzogtum Schwaben) was one of the five stem duchies of the medieval German kingdom.
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Duke of Swabia
The Dukes of Swabia were the rulers of the Duchy of Swabia during the Middle Ages.
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Elizabeth of Bohemia (1292–1330)
Elizabeth of Bohemia (Eliška Přemyslovna) (20 January 1292 – 28 September 1330) was a princess of the Bohemian Přemyslid dynasty who became queen consort of Bohemia as the first wife of King John the Blind (John of Luxembourg).
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Family tree of the German monarchs
The following image is a family tree of every king, monarch, confederation president and emperor of Germany, from Charlemagne in 800 over Louis the German in 843 through to Wilhelm II in 1918.
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Franconia
Franconia (Franken, also called Frankenland) is a region in Germany, characterised by its culture and language, and may be roughly associated with the areas in which the East Franconian dialect group, locally referred to as fränkisch, is spoken.
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Frankfurt
Frankfurt, officially the City of Frankfurt am Main ("Frankfurt on the Main"), is a metropolis and the largest city in the German state of Hesse and the fifth-largest city in Germany.
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Frederick I, Margrave of Meissen
Frederick I, called the Brave or the Bitten (German: Friedrich der Freidige or Friedrich der Gebissene; 1257 – 16 November 1323) was Margrave of Meissen and Landgrave of Thuringia.
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Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick II (26 December 1194 – 13 December 1250; Fidiricu, Federico, Friedrich) was King of Sicily from 1198, King of Germany from 1212, King of Italy and Holy Roman Emperor from 1220 and King of Jerusalem from 1225.
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Frederick III, Burgrave of Nuremberg
Frederick III of Nuremberg (1220 – 14 August 1297 in Cadolzburg), Burgrave of Nuremberg from the House of Hohenzollern, was the eldest son of Conrad I of Nuremberg and Adelheid of Frontenhausen.
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Frohburg
Frohburg is a town in the Leipzig district, in the Free State of Saxony, Germany.
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Germany
Germany (Deutschland), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (Bundesrepublik Deutschland), is a sovereign state in central-western Europe.
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Gertrude of Hohenberg
Gertrude Anne of Hohenberg (– 16 February 1281) was German queen from 1273 until her death, by her marriage with King Rudolf I of Germany.
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Habsburg Castle
Habsburg Castle (Schloss Habsburg) is a medieval fortress located in Habsburg, Switzerland, in the canton of Aargau, near the Aar River.
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Habsburg Monarchy
The Habsburg Monarchy (Habsburgermonarchie) or Empire is an unofficial appellation among historians for the countries and provinces that were ruled by the junior Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg between 1521 and 1780 and then by the successor branch of Habsburg-Lorraine until 1918.
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Hedwig of Habsburg
Hedwig (or Heilwig; – 1303), a member of the royal House of Habsburg, was Margravine of Brandenburg from 1279 until 1285/1286, by her marriage with the Ascanian margrave Otto VI of Brandenburg-Salzwedel.
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Henry XIII, Duke of Bavaria
Henry I of Lower Bavaria, member of the Wittelsbach dynasty (19 November 1235 – 3 February 1290 in Burghausen) was Duke of Lower Bavaria.
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Herman VI, Margrave of Baden
Herman VI (c. 1226 – 4 October 1250) was Margrave of Baden and titular margrave of Verona from 1243 until his death.
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History of Bavaria
The history of Bavaria stretches from its earliest settlement and its formation as a stem duchy in the 6th century through its inclusion in the Holy Roman Empire to its status as an independent kingdom and finally as a large Bundesland (state) of the modern Federal Republic of Germany.
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Hoftag
A Hoftag (pl. Hoftage) was the name given to an informal and irregular assembly convened by the King of the Romans, the Holy Roman Emperor or one of the Princes of the Empire, with selected chief princes within the empire.
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Hohenstaufen
The Staufer, also known as the House of Staufen, or of Hohenstaufen, were a dynasty of German kings (1138–1254) during the Middle Ages.
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Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire (Sacrum Romanum Imperium; Heiliges Römisches Reich) was a multi-ethnic but mostly German complex of territories in central Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806.
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House of Habsburg
The House of Habsburg (traditionally spelled Hapsburg in English), also called House of Austria was one of the most influential and distinguished royal houses of Europe.
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House of Hohenzollern
The House of Hohenzollern is a dynasty of former princes, electors, kings and emperors of Hohenzollern, Brandenburg, Prussia, the German Empire, and Romania.
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House of Luxembourg
The House of Luxembourg (Lucemburkové) was a late medieval European royal family, whose members between 1308 and 1437 ruled as King of the Romans and Holy Roman Emperors as well as Kings of Bohemia (Čeští králové, König von Böhmen) and Hungary.
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House of Wittelsbach
The House of Wittelsbach is a European royal family and a German dynasty from Bavaria.
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Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy
Hugh IV of Burgundy (9 March 1213 – 27 or 30 October 1272) was Duke of Burgundy between 1218 and 1272.
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Hungary
Hungary (Magyarország) is a country in Central Europe that covers an area of in the Carpathian Basin, bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Austria to the northwest, Romania to the east, Serbia to the south, Croatia to the southwest, and Slovenia to the west.
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Imperial ban
The imperial ban (Reichsacht) was a form of outlawry in the Holy Roman Empire.
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Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)
The Imperial Diet (Dieta Imperii/Comitium Imperiale; Reichstag) was the deliberative body of the Holy Roman Empire.
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Imperial election, 1273
The imperial election of 1273 was an imperial election held to select the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.
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Imperial immediacy
Imperial immediacy (Reichsfreiheit or Reichsunmittelbarkeit) was a privileged constitutional and political status rooted in German feudal law under which the Imperial estates of the Holy Roman Empire such as Imperial cities, prince-bishoprics and secular principalities, and individuals such as the Imperial knights, were declared free from the authority of any local lord and placed under the direct ("immediate", in the sense of "without an intermediary") authority of the Emperor, and later of the institutions of the Empire such as the Diet (Reichstag), the Imperial Chamber of Justice and the Aulic Council.
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Interregnum
An interregnum (plural interregna or interregnums) is a period of discontinuity or "gap" in a government, organization, or social order.
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Interregnum (HRE)
There was no emperor of the Holy Roman Empire between 1245 and 1312, and again during 1378–1433 and 1437–1452.
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Investiture Controversy
The Investiture controversy or Investiture contest was a conflict between church and state in medieval Europe over the ability to appoint local church officials through investiture.
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Isabella of Burgundy, Queen of Germany
Isabella of Burgundy (1270 – August 1323), Lady of Vieux-Château, was the second and last Queen consort of Rudolph I of Germany.
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John Parricida
Portrait of John Parricida by Anton Boys in the Kunsthistorisches Museum Vienna John Parricida (Johann Parricida) or John the Parricide (see: Parricide), also called John of Swabia (Johann von Schwaben), (ca. 1290 – 13 December 1312/13) was the son of the Habsburg duke Rudolf II of Austria.
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Judith of Habsburg
Judith (13 March 1271 – 21 May 1297), also named Guta (Guta Habsburská), a member of the House of Habsburg, was the youngest daughter of King Rudolf I of Germany and his wife Gertrude of Hohenburg.
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Königsberg
Königsberg is the name for a former German city that is now Kaliningrad, Russia.
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King of the Romans
King of the Romans (Rex Romanorum; König der Römer) was a title used by Syagrius, then by the German king following his election by the princes from the time of Emperor Henry II (1014–1024) onward.
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Kingdom of Bohemia
The Kingdom of Bohemia, sometimes in English literature referred to as the Czech Kingdom (České království; Königreich Böhmen; Regnum Bohemiae, sometimes Regnum Czechorum), was a medieval and early modern monarchy in Central Europe, the predecessor of the modern Czech Republic.
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Kingdom of England
The Kingdom of England (French: Royaume d'Angleterre; Danish: Kongeriget England; German: Königreich England) was a sovereign state on the island of Great Britain from the 10th century—when it emerged from various Anglo-Saxon kingdoms—until 1707, when it united with Scotland to form the Kingdom of Great Britain.
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Kingdom of France
The Kingdom of France (Royaume de France) was a medieval and early modern monarchy in Western Europe.
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Kunigunda of Halych
Kunigunda Rostislavna (1245 – 9 September 1285; Czech: Kunhuta Uherská or Kunhuta Haličská) was Queen consort of Bohemia and its Regent from 1278 until her death.
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Kyburg family
Kyburg (also Kiburg) was a noble family of grafen (counts) in the Duchy of Swabia, a cadet line of the counts of Dillingen, who in the late 12th and early 13th century ruled the County of Kyburg, corresponding to much of what is now Northeastern Switzerland.
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Ladislaus IV of Hungary
Ladislaus the Cuman (IV., Ladislav IV., Ladislav IV.; 5 August 1262 – 10 July 1290), also known as Ladislas the Cuman, was king of Hungary and Croatia from 1272 to 1290.
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Lake Lucerne
Lake Lucerne (Vierwaldstättersee, literally "Lake of the Four Forested Settlements", lac des Quatre-Cantons, lago dei Quattro Cantoni) is a lake in central Switzerland and the fourth largest in the country.
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Landshut
Landshut (Landsad) is a town in Bavaria in the south-east of Germany.
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Lenzburg
Lenzburg is a town in the central region of the Swiss canton Aargau and is the capital of the Lenzburg District.
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List of Counts of Namur
The following is a list of Counts or Margraves of Namur.
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List of German monarchs
This is a list of monarchs who ruled over the German territories of central Europe from the division of the Frankish Empire in 843 (by which a separate Eastern Frankish Kingdom was created), until the collapse of the German Empire in 1918.
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List of rulers of Austria
Austria was ruled by the House of Babenberg until 1246 and by the House of Habsburg from 1282 to 1918.
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Louis II, Duke of Bavaria
Ludwig I or Louis I of Upper Bavaria (Ludwig II der Strenge, Herzog von Bayern, Pfalzgraf bei Rhein) (13 April 1229 – 2 February 1294) was Duke of Upper Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine from 1253.
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Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Louis IV (Ludwig; 1 April 1282 – 11 October 1347), called the Bavarian, of the house of Wittelsbach, was King of the Romans from 1314, King of Italy from 1327, and Holy Roman Emperor from 1328.
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March of Carniola
The March (or Margraviate) of Carniola (Kranjska krajina; Mark Krain) was a southeastern state of the Holy Roman Empire in the High Middle Ages, the predecessor of the Duchy of Carniola.
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Margraviate of Moravia
The Margraviate of Moravia (Markrabství moravské; Markgrafschaft Mähren) or March of Moravia was a marcher state existing from 1182 to 1918 and one of the lands of the Bohemian Crown.
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Maria Theresa
Maria Theresa Walburga Amalia Christina (Maria Theresia; 13 May 1717 – 29 November 1780) was the only female ruler of the Habsburg dominions and the last of the House of Habsburg.
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Matilda of Habsburg
Matilda of Habsburg or Melchilde (1253 in Rheinfelden – 23 December 1304 in Munich, Bavaria) was the eldest daughter of Rudolph I of Germany and Gertrude of Hohenburg.
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Meinhard, Duke of Carinthia
Meinhard II (c. 1238 – 1 November 1295), a member of the House of Gorizia (Meinhardiner), ruled the County of Gorizia (as Meinhard IV) and the County of Tyrol together with his younger brother Albert from 1258, until in 1271 they divided their heritage and Meinhard became sole ruler of Tyrol.
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Munich
Munich (München; Minga) is the capital and the most populated city in the German state of Bavaria, on the banks of the River Isar north of the Bavarian Alps.
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Neuhabsburg Castle
Neuhabsburg Castle (Schloss Neuhabsburg) is a privately owned castle located in Meggen, Lucerne, Switzerland, built on the ruins of a much older castle.
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Nuremberg
Nuremberg (Nürnberg) is a city on the river Pegnitz and on the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal in the German state of Bavaria, in the administrative region of Middle Franconia, about north of Munich.
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Oettingen in Bayern
Oettingen in Bayern is a town in the Donau-Ries district, in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany.
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Otto III, Duke of Bavaria
Otto III (11 February 1261 – 9 November 1312), a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty, was the Duke of Lower Bavaria from 1290 to 1312 and the King of Hungary and Croatia between 1305 and 1307.
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Otto IV, Count of Burgundy
Otho IV, Count of Burgundy (1248, Ornans – 1302) was the son of Hugh de Châlons and Adelaide, Countess Palatine of Burgundy.
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Otto VI, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel
Otto VI, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel, nicknamed Otto the Short (– 1303 in Lehnin) was a member of the House of Ascania and co-ruler of Brandenburg.
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Ottokar II of Bohemia
Ottokar II (Přemysl Otakar II; c. 1233 – 26 August 1278), the Iron and Golden King, was a member of the Přemyslid dynasty who reigned as King of Bohemia from 1253 until 1278.
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Přemyslid dynasty
The Přemyslid dynasty or House of Přemyslid (Přemyslovci, Premysliden, Przemyślidzi) was a Czech royal dynasty which reigned in the Duchy of Bohemia and later Kingdom of Bohemia and Margraviate of Moravia (9th century–1306), as well as in parts of Poland (including Silesia), Hungary, and Austria.
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Pfullendorf
Pfullendorf is a small town of about 13,000 inhabitants located north of Lake Constance in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
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Philip I, Count of Savoy
Philip I (1207 – 16 August 1285) was the Count of Savoy from 1268 to 1285.
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Philip of Swabia
Philip of Swabia (February/March 1177 – 21 June 1208) was a prince of the House of Hohenstaufen and King of Germany from 1198 to 1208.
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Pope Gregory X
Pope Gregory X (Gregorius X; – 10 January 1276), born Teobaldo Visconti, was Pope from 1 September 1271 to his death in 1276 and was a member of the Secular Franciscan Order.
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Pope Innocent IV
Pope Innocent IV (Innocentius IV; c. 1195 – 7 December 1254), born Sinibaldo Fieschi, was Pope of the Catholic Church from 25 June 1243 to his death in 1254.
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Prague
Prague (Praha, Prag) is the capital and largest city in the Czech Republic, the 14th largest city in the European Union and also the historical capital of Bohemia.
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Prince-Bishopric of Basel
The Prince-Bishopric of Basel (Fürstbistum Basel) was an ecclesiastical principality within the Holy Roman Empire, ruled from 1032 by Prince-Bishops with their seat at Basel, and from 1528 until 1792 at Porrentruy, and thereafter at Schliengen.
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Prince-Bishopric of Strasbourg
The Prince-Bishopric of Strassburg (German: Fürstbistum Straßburg) was an ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire from the 13th century until 1803.
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Prince-elector
The prince-electors (or simply electors) of the Holy Roman Empire (Kurfürst, pl. Kurfürsten, Kurfiřt, Princeps Elector) were the members of the electoral college of the Holy Roman Empire.
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Princes of the Holy Roman Empire
Prince of the Holy Roman Empire (Reichsfürst, princeps imperii, see also: Fürst) was a title attributed to a hereditary ruler, nobleman or prelate recognised as such by the Holy Roman Emperor.
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Purgatory
In Roman Catholic theology, purgatory (via Anglo-Norman and Old French) is an intermediate state after physical death in which some of those ultimately destined for heaven must first "undergo purification, so as to achieve the holiness necessary to enter the joy of heaven," holding that "certain offenses can be forgiven in this age, but certain others in the age to come." And that entrance into Heaven requires the "remission before God of the temporal punishment due to sins whose guilt has already been forgiven," for which indulgences may be given which remove "either part or all of the temporal punishment due to sin," such as an "unhealthy attachment" to sin.
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Rheinau, Switzerland
Rheinau is a municipality in the district of Andelfingen in the Canton of Zürich in Switzerland.
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Rheinfelden
Rheinfelden (Rhyfälde) is a municipality in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland, seat of the district of Rheinfelden.
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Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall
Richard (5 January 1209 – 2 April 1272), second son of John, King of England, was the nominal Count of Poitou (1225-1243), Earl of Cornwall (from 1225) and King of Germany (from 1257).
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Robber baron (feudalism)
A robber baron or robber knight (German Raubritter) was an unscrupulous feudal landowner who imposed high taxes and tolls out of keeping with the norm without authorization by some higher authority, while protected by his fief's legal status.
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Rome
Rome (Roma; Roma) is the capital city of Italy and a special comune (named Comune di Roma Capitale).
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Rudolf I of Bohemia
Rudolf of Habsburg (– 3/4 July 1307), a member of the House of Habsburg, was Duke of Austria and Styria (as Rudolf III) from 1298 as well as King of Bohemia and titular King of Poland (as Rudolf I) from 1306 until his death.
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Rudolf I, Duke of Bavaria
Rudolf I of Bavaria, called "the Stammerer" (Rudolf der Stammler; 4 October 1274 – 12 August 1319), a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty, was Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine from 1294 until 1317.
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Rudolf I, Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg
Rudolf I (– 12 March 1356), a member of the House of Ascania, was Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg from 1298 until his death.
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Rudolf II, Duke of Austria
Rudolf II (– 10 May 1290), a member of the House of Habsburg, was Duke of Austria and Styria from 1282 to 1283, jointly with his elder brother Albert I, who succeeded him.
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Rudolph II, Count of Habsburg
Rudolph II (or Rudolph the Kind) (died 10 April 1232) was Count of Habsburg in the Aargau and a progenitor of the royal House of Habsburg.
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Sasbach am Kaiserstuhl
Sasbach is a town in the district of Emmendingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
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Schwyz
The town of Schwyz (Schwytz; Svitto) is the capital of the canton of Schwyz in Switzerland.
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Siegfried I, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst
Siegfried I (– 25 March 1298), a member of the House of Ascania, ruled as the first Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst from 1252 until his death.
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Speyer
Speyer (older spelling Speier, known as Spire in French and formerly as Spires in English) is a town in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, with approximately 50,000 inhabitants.
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Speyer Cathedral
The Speyer Cathedral, officially the Imperial Cathedral Basilica of the Assumption and St Stephen, in Latin: Domus sanctae Mariae Spirae (German: Dom zu Unserer lieben Frau in Speyer) in Speyer, Germany, is the seat of the Roman Catholic Bishop of Speyer and is suffragan to the Archdiocese of Bamberg.
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Stem duchy
A stem duchy (Stammesherzogtum, from Stamm, meaning "tribe", in reference to the Germanic tribes of the Franks, Saxons, Bavarians and Swabians) was a constituent duchy of the Kingdom of Germany at the time of the extinction of the Carolingian dynasty (the death of Louis the Child in 911) and through the transitional period leading to the formation of the Holy Roman Empire later in the 10th century.
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Styria
Styria (Steiermark,, Štajerska, Stájerország, Štýrsko) is a state or Bundesland, located in the southeast of Austria.
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Switzerland
Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a sovereign state in Europe.
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Thuringia
The Free State of Thuringia (Freistaat Thüringen) is a federal state in central Germany.
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Unterwalden
Unterwalden (Latinized as Sylvania, later also Subsylvania as opposed to Supersylvania) is the old name of a forest-canton of the Old Swiss Confederacy in central Switzerland, south of Lake Lucerne, consisting of two valleys or Talschaften, now organized as two half-cantons, an upper part, Obwalden, and a lower part, Nidwalden.
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Vienna
Vienna (Wien) is the federal capital and largest city of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria.
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Wenceslaus II of Bohemia
Wenceslaus II Přemyslid (Václav II.; Wacław II Czeski; 27 SeptemberK. Charvátová, Václav II. Král český a polský, Prague 2007, p. 18. 1271 – 21 June 1305) was King of Bohemia (1278–1305), Duke of Cracow (1291–1305), and King of Poland (1300–1305).
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Wenceslaus III of Bohemia
Wenceslaus III (Václav III., Vencel, Wacław, Václav; 6 October 12894 August 1306) was King of Hungary between 1301 and 1305, and King of Bohemia and Poland from 1305.
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Werner II, Count of Habsburg
Werner II of Habsburg (died 19 August 1167) was Count of Habsburg also called Werner III and a progenitor of the royal House of Habsburg.
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William II of Holland
William II (February 1227 – 28 January 1256) was a Count of Holland and Zeeland from 1234 until his death.
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Wittenberg
Wittenberg, officially Lutherstadt Wittenberg, is a town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.
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Redirects here:
King Rudolph of Habsburg, Rudolf Habsburský, Rudolf I, Rudolf I (HRR), Rudolf I of Habsburg, Rudolf I, Holy Roman Emperor, Rudolf III of Habsburg, Rudolf of Habsburg, Rudolf of Hapsburg, Rudolf von Habsburg, Rudolph I, Rudolph I (HRR), Rudolph I of Austria, Rudolph I of Germany, Rudolph I of Habsburg, Rudolph I, Holy Roman Emperor, Rudolph of Habsburg, Rudolph of Hapsburg, Rudolphus.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_I_of_Germany