Communication

339 relations: Abbas I of Persia, Abbasid Caliphate, Abidi, Abraham, Abraham in Islam, Adil Shahi dynasty, Adnan, Afghanistan, Ahmadnagar Sultanate, Ahmedabad, Ahmednagar, Akbar, Al-Hashimi, Al-Musawi, Al-Suyuti, Al-Tirmidhi, Al-Ubaid (tribe), Alavi (surname), Alawi (name), Alawites, Ali, Ali Akbar ibn Hasan ibn Ali ibn Muhammad, Ali al-Hadi, Ali al-Ridha, Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, Allahabad, Amroha, Amrohi Syed, Andhra Pradesh, Arab world, Arabian Peninsula, Arabic, Arabic name, Arabs, Arakkal kingdom, Army of the Mughal Empire, Ashrafi Family, Ashrafpur Kichhauchha, Assam, Aurangzeb, Awadh, Awadhi language, Azamgarh, Ba 'Alawi sada, Ba 'Alawiyya, Baghdad, Baha-ud-Din Naqshband Bukhari, Bahmani Sultanate, Bahraich, ..., Bahrain, Balrampur, Bangladesh, Banu Hashim, Barabanki district, Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh, Barcha, Bareilly district, Basra, Battle of Buxar, Berar Sultanate, Bhadohi, Bidar Sultanate, Bihar, Bijnor district, Bilgram, Brill Publishers, Brunei, Budaun, Bukhara, Bukhari (surname), Buner District, Cambridge University Press, Central Asia, Champaner, China, Coat of arms, Council of India, Deccan Plateau, Deccan sultanates, Delhi, Delhi Sultanate, Deobandi, Devin J. Stewart, Dildar Ali Naseerabadi, Domariaganj, Emir, Erwadi, Faizabad, Family tree of Ali, Family tree of Muhammad, Farewell Sermon, Fatimah, Frontier Constabulary, Gardez, Gazi Saiyyed Salar Sahu, Genealogy, Geography of Iraq, Ghazi Saiyyad Salar Masud, Ghazipur, Ghaznavids, Ghulat, Golkonda, Gujarat, Gujarat Sultanate, Hadhramaut, Hadith, Haji Syed Ahmed Shah, Hallaur, Hamdan, Haplogroup J (Y-DNA), Haplogroup J-M172, Haplogroup J-M267, Haryana, Hasan al-Askari, Hasan ibn Ali, Hashemites, Hashmi, Hasnain, Hassan (surname), Hazara, Pakistan, Hazrat Ishaan, Hindi, Hindu, Hola (ethnic group), Homage (feudal), Honorific, Hulagu Khan, Husayn ibn Ali, Husseini, Idris I of Morocco, Idrisid dynasty, Ijtihad, Iltutmish, Imam, Imamah (Shia), Imamzadeh, India, Indian Rebellion of 1857, Indian subcontinent, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Isaac, Isaac in Islam, Isfahan, Ishmael, Ishmael in Islam, Islam, Ismail I, Ispahsalar, Istanbul, Ja'far al-Sadiq, Jabal Amel, Jafri, Jagir, Jalali (surname), Jalaluddin Surkh-Posh Bukhari, Jammu and Kashmir, Janbiya, Jansath, Jarwal, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, Kaghan Valley, Kanpur, Karachi, Karlugh Turks, Karnal district, Karnataka, Kashmir, Kazimar Big Mosque, Kazimar Street, Kazmi, Kerala, Khadija bint Khuwaylid, Khanjar, Kheda district, Khums, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Kintoor, Kitab al-Kafi, Land grant, Lucknow, Ma'rib, Madhya Pradesh, Madrasa, Madurai, Maghreb, Maghrebi Arabic, Maharashtra, Mahdi, Mahmud Begada, Mahmud of Ghazni, Malabar Coast, Malayalam, Malaysia, Mark G. Thomas, Mashhad, Mashwanis, Mazar (mausoleum), Medina, Meerut, Mehmud Khurd, Middle East, Mir (title), Mir clan, Mirza, Mohammadabaad, Farrukhabad district, Mohan, Uttar Pradesh, Mongols, Moro Province, Mousavi (surname), Mr., Mughal emperors, Mughal Empire, Mughal tribe, Muhammad, Muhammad al-Baqir, Muhammad al-Jawad, Muhammad al-Mahdi, Muhammad Al-Makki, Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni, Muhammad in Islam, Mumin, Musa al-Kadhim, Muslim, Muslim world, Muzaffarnagar, Muzaffarnagar district, Nagore, Naqib al-ashraf, Naqvi, Nasirabad, Raibareli, Nawab of Awadh, Nepal, Nishapur, North India, Nowshera District, Oghi, Okara City, Oman, Ottoman Empire, Pakhli, Pakistan, Partition of India, Pashtun tribes, Pattani Province, Pavagadh, Persian Gulf, Peshawar, Philippines, Pir Baba, Pirzada, Presidencies and provinces of British India, Privy council, Prophets and messengers in Islam, Punjab, Qadi, Qadiriyya, Qissa Khawani Bazaar, Quraysh, Qureshi, Qutb Shahi dynasty, Raebareli, Rajasthan, Rassids, Relic, Rizvi, Rudauli, Sa'dah, Saadat Ali Khan I, Sabzevar, Safavid dynasty, Salon, India, Samarkand, Sana'a, Satrikh, Sayyid, Sayyid brothers, Sayyid Mahmud Agha, Sayyid Mir Jan, Senussi, Shah, Shah Jalal, Shaikh of Uttar Pradesh, Sharif, Shaykh Syed Mir Mirak Andrabi, Shia Islam, Sidi, Sikandar Lodi, Sikanderpur, Uttar Pradesh, Silk Road, Sindh, Singapore, Sirhind-Fategarh, South Asia, Southeast Asia, Sufism, Sultan, Sun and moon letters, Sunni Islam, Syed Ahmed Rizvi Kashmiri, Syed Nagli, Syria, Tabatabaei, Tajikistan, Tajuddin Muhammad Badruddin, Taluqdar, Tamil Nadu, Tarim, Yemen, Termez, Thakot, Thangal, The Twelve Imams, Topkapı Palace, Tudor Parfitt, Turban, Turkestan, Turkic peoples, Twelver, Ulama, Umayyad Caliphate, Umm ul-Banin, United Kingdom, Upper Dir District, Urdu, Uttar Pradesh, Wasa Dargah, Wasit, Iraq, West Bengal, West Rapti River, Yadav, Yemen, Yusufzai, Zaidi (surname), Zaidpur, Zamindar, Zayd ibn Ali, Zaynab bint Ali. Expand index (289 more) » « Shrink index

Abbas I of Persia

Shāh Abbās the Great or Shāh Abbās I of Persia (شاه عباس بزرگ; 27 January 157119 January 1629) was the 5th Safavid Shah (king) of Iran, and is generally considered the strongest ruler of the Safavid dynasty.

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Abbasid Caliphate

The Abbasid Caliphate (or ٱلْخِلافَةُ ٱلْعَبَّاسِيَّة) was the third of the Islamic caliphates to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

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Abidi

Abidi or Abedi (عابدي) is the surname for a family belonging to the offsprings of Muhammad's great-grandson Imam Zain-ul-Abideen or Imam Abid whose real name was Ali ibn Husayn.

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Abraham

Abraham (Arabic: إبراهيم Ibrahim), originally Abram, is the common patriarch of the three Abrahamic religions.

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Abraham in Islam

Ibrahim (ʾIbrāhīm), known as Abraham in the Hebrew Bible, is recognized as a prophet and messenger in Islam of God.

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Adil Shahi dynasty

The Adil Shahi or Adilshahi, was a Shia Muslim dynasty, founded by Yusuf Adil Shah, that ruled the Sultanate of Bijapur, centred on present-day Bijapur district, Karnataka in India, in the Western area of the Deccan region of Southern India from 1489 to 1686.

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Adnan

Adnan (عدنان) is the traditional ancestor of the Adnanite Arabs of Northern, Western and Central Arabia, as opposed to the Qahtanite Arabs of Southern Arabia who descend from Qahtan.

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Afghanistan

Afghanistan (Pashto/Dari:, Pashto: Afġānistān, Dari: Afġānestān), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located within South Asia and Central Asia.

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Ahmadnagar Sultanate

The Ahmadnagar Sultanate was a late medieval Indian kingdom, located in the northwestern Deccan, between the sultanates of Gujarat and Bijapur.

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Ahmedabad

Ahmedabad, also known as Amdavad is the largest city and former capital of the Indian state of Gujarat.

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Ahmednagar

Ahmednagar is a city in Ahmednagar district in the state of Maharashtra, India, about 120 km northeast of Pune and 114 km from Aurangabad.

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Akbar

Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar (15 October 1542– 27 October 1605), popularly known as Akbar I, was the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605.

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Al-Hashimi

Al-Hashimi (full name:Ali ibn Sulayman al-Hashimi) was a Muslim scholar.

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Al-Musawi

Al-Mūsawi (Arabic script: الموسوي, arabic pronunciation:, Persian pronunciation), is a surname that presumably indicates a person comes from a prestigious and highly respected family with a transnational identity.

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Al-Suyuti

Abū al-Faḍl ‘Abd al-Raḥmān ibn Abī Bakr ibn Muḥammad Jalāl al-Dīn al-Khuḍayrī al-Suyūṭī (جلال الدين عبد الرحمن بن أبي بكر بن محمد الخضيري السيوطي; 1445–1505 AD) was an Egyptian religious scholar, juristic expert and teacher, and one of the most prolific writers of the Middle Ages of Persian origin, whose works deal with Islamic theology.

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Al-Tirmidhi

Abū ‘Īsá Muḥammad ibn ‛Īsá as-Sulamī aḍ-Ḍarīr al-Būghī at-Tirmidhī (أبو عيسى محمد بن عيسى السلمي الضرير البوغي الترمذي; ترمذی, Termezī; 824 – 9 October 892), often referred to as Imām at-Termezī/Tirmidhī, was a Persian Islamic scholar and collector of hadith who wrote al-Jami` as-Sahih (known as Jami` at-Tirmidhi), one of the six canonical hadith compilations in Sunni Islam.

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Al-Ubaid (tribe)

Al-Ubaid (Al-Obaidi or Al-Obeidi) is one of the Arab tribes in Iraq settled around Al Jazira, Mesopotamia.

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Alavi (surname)

Notable people with the surname Alavi include.

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Alawi (name)

Alawi (علوي) means "follower of Ali", and is a common surname (and sometimes as a given name) in the Muslim world.

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Alawites

The Alawis, also rendered as Alawites (علوية Alawiyyah/Alawīyah), are a syncretic sect of the Twelver branch of Shia Islam, primarily centered in Syria.

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Ali

Ali (ʿAlī) (15 September 601 – 29 January 661) was the cousin and the son-in-law of Muhammad, the last prophet of Islam.

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Ali Akbar ibn Hasan ibn Ali ibn Muhammad

Sayyid Ali Akbar was an Islamic saint, the son of Imam Hasan al Askari and the brother of the twelfth generation descendant, Imam Muhammad al Mahdi.

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Ali al-Hadi

Alī ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Alī (علي بن محمد بن علي; 828-868 C.E.) commonly called Ali al-Hadi and Alī an-Naqī was known as al-Hadi. He was the tenth of the Twelve Imams after his father Muhammad al-Jawad and before his son Hasan al-Askari. He remained in Medina teaching until the age of 30 when he was summoned to Samarra by the Abbasid caliph Al-Mutawakkil. There he was treated roughly by the caliph and his successors until, according to Shiite accounts, he was poisoned through intrigue of Al-Mu'tazz the Abbasid caliph, in 254/868, and was buried in Samarra.

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Ali al-Ridha

'Alī ibn Mūsā ar-Riḍā (علي ابن موسى الرّضا), also called Abu al-Hasan, Ali al-Reza (29 December 765 – 23 August 818) or in Iran (Persia) as Imam Reza (امام رضا), was a descendant of the Prophet Muhammad and the eighth Shi'ite Imam, after his father Musa al-Kadhim, and before his son Muhammad al-Jawad.

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Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin

Ali ibn Husayn (علي بن الحسين) known as Zayn al-Abidin (the adornment of the worshippers) and Imam al-Sajjad (The Prostrating Imam), was the fourth Shia Imam, after his father Husayn, his uncle Hasan, and his grandfather Ali.

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Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh

Aligarh (formerly Allygurh & Koil) is a city in the Northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh that is famous for lock industries and the administrative headquarters of the Aligarh district.

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Allahabad

Prayag, or Allahabad is a large metropolitan city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and the administrative headquarters of Allahabad District, the most populous district in the state and 13th most populous district in India, and the Allahabad Division.

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Amroha

Amroha is a city in north-western Uttar Pradesh state in northern India, located north-west of Moradabad, near the Sot River.

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Amrohi Syed

The Sadaat Amroha (سادات امروہہ) or Amrohi Syed امروہی سید) are a community of Sayyids, historically settled in the town of Amroha, in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Many members of the community migrated to Pakistan after independence and settled in Karachi, Sindh.

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Andhra Pradesh

Andhra Pradesh is one of the 29 states of India.

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Arab world

The Arab world (العالم العربي; formally: Arab homeland, الوطن العربي), also known as the Arab nation (الأمة العربية) or the Arab states, currently consists of the 22 Arab countries of the Arab League.

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Arabian Peninsula

The Arabian Peninsula, simplified Arabia (شِبْهُ الْجَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّة, ‘Arabian island’ or جَزِيرَةُ الْعَرَب, ‘Island of the Arabs’), is a peninsula of Western Asia situated northeast of Africa on the Arabian plate.

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Arabic

Arabic (العَرَبِيَّة) or (عَرَبِيّ) or) is a Central Semitic language that first emerged in Iron Age northwestern Arabia and is now the lingua franca of the Arab world. It is named after the Arabs, a term initially used to describe peoples living from Mesopotamia in the east to the Anti-Lebanon mountains in the west, in northwestern Arabia, and in the Sinai peninsula. Arabic is classified as a macrolanguage comprising 30 modern varieties, including its standard form, Modern Standard Arabic, which is derived from Classical Arabic. As the modern written language, Modern Standard Arabic is widely taught in schools and universities, and is used to varying degrees in workplaces, government, and the media. The two formal varieties are grouped together as Literary Arabic (fuṣḥā), which is the official language of 26 states and the liturgical language of Islam. Modern Standard Arabic largely follows the grammatical standards of Classical Arabic and uses much of the same vocabulary. However, it has discarded some grammatical constructions and vocabulary that no longer have any counterpart in the spoken varieties, and has adopted certain new constructions and vocabulary from the spoken varieties. Much of the new vocabulary is used to denote concepts that have arisen in the post-classical era, especially in modern times. During the Middle Ages, Literary Arabic was a major vehicle of culture in Europe, especially in science, mathematics and philosophy. As a result, many European languages have also borrowed many words from it. Arabic influence, mainly in vocabulary, is seen in European languages, mainly Spanish and to a lesser extent Portuguese, Valencian and Catalan, owing to both the proximity of Christian European and Muslim Arab civilizations and 800 years of Arabic culture and language in the Iberian Peninsula, referred to in Arabic as al-Andalus. Sicilian has about 500 Arabic words as result of Sicily being progressively conquered by Arabs from North Africa, from the mid 9th to mid 10th centuries. Many of these words relate to agriculture and related activities (Hull and Ruffino). Balkan languages, including Greek and Bulgarian, have also acquired a significant number of Arabic words through contact with Ottoman Turkish. Arabic has influenced many languages around the globe throughout its history. Some of the most influenced languages are Persian, Turkish, Spanish, Urdu, Kashmiri, Kurdish, Bosnian, Kazakh, Bengali, Hindi, Malay, Maldivian, Indonesian, Pashto, Punjabi, Tagalog, Sindhi, and Hausa, and some languages in parts of Africa. Conversely, Arabic has borrowed words from other languages, including Greek and Persian in medieval times, and contemporary European languages such as English and French in modern times. Classical Arabic is the liturgical language of 1.8 billion Muslims and Modern Standard Arabic is one of six official languages of the United Nations. All varieties of Arabic combined are spoken by perhaps as many as 422 million speakers (native and non-native) in the Arab world, making it the fifth most spoken language in the world. Arabic is written with the Arabic alphabet, which is an abjad script and is written from right to left, although the spoken varieties are sometimes written in ASCII Latin from left to right with no standardized orthography.

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Arabic name

Arabic names were historically based on a long naming system; most Arabs did not have given/middle/family names, but a full chain of names.

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Arabs

Arabs (عَرَب ISO 233, Arabic pronunciation) are a population inhabiting the Arab world.

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Arakkal kingdom

Arakkal kingdom (Kingdom of Cannanore, Sultanate of Laccadive and Cannanore) was a former city-state on the Malabar Coast, ruled by a dynasty of the same name.

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Army of the Mughal Empire

The Army of the Mughal Empire was the force by which the Mughal emperors established their empire in the 15th century and expanded it to its greatest extent at the beginning of the 18th century.

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Ashrafi Family

The Ashraf's are the descendants of the illustrious Sufi Saint Hazrat Syed Ashraf Jahangir Semnani who had settled at Kichhauchha Sharif (Ashrafpur Kichhauchha) in the Ambedkar Nagar District, Uttar Pradesh, India, after relinquishing his throne in Semnan (Iran).

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Ashrafpur Kichhauchha

Ashrafpur Kichhauchha is a town and a nagar panchayat in Ambedkar Nagar District in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.

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Assam

Assam is a state in Northeast India, situated south of the eastern Himalayas along the Brahmaputra and Barak River valleys.

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Aurangzeb

Muhi-ud-Din Muhammad (محي الدين محمد) (3 November 1618 – 3 March 1707), commonly known by the sobriquet Aurangzeb (اَورنگزیب), (اورنگ‌زیب "Ornament of the Throne") or by his regnal title Alamgir (عالمگِیر), (عالمگير "Conqueror of the World"), was the sixth, and widely considered the last effective Mughal emperor.

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Awadh

Awadh (Hindi: अवध, اوَدھ),, known in British historical texts as Avadh or Oudh, is a region in the modern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh (before independence known as the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh) and a small area of Nepal's Province No. 5.

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Awadhi language

Awadhi (Devanagari: अवधी) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken primarily in the Awadh region of Uttar Pradesh and Terai belt of Nepal.

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Azamgarh

Azamgarh is a city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

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Ba 'Alawi sada

The Ba 'Alawi sadah or Sadah Ba 'Alawi (al-sādatu al-bā'alawiy) are a group of Hadhrami Sayyid families and social group originating in Hadhramaut in the southwest corner of the Arabian Peninsula.

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Ba 'Alawiyya

The Ba'Alawi tariqa (طريقة آل باعلوي), also known as the Tariqa Alawiyya is a Sufi order centered in Hadhramawt, Yemen, but now spread across the Indian Ocean rim along with the Hadhrami diaspora.

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Baghdad

Baghdad (بغداد) is the capital of Iraq.

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Baha-ud-Din Naqshband Bukhari

Baha-ud-Din Naqshband Bukhari (بهاءالدین محمد نقشبند بخاری) (1318–1389) was the founder of what would become one of the largest and most influential Sufi Muslim orders, the Naqshbandi.

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Bahmani Sultanate

The Bahmani Sultanate (also called the Bahmanid Empire or Bahmani Kingdom) was a Muslim state of the Deccan in South India and one of the major medieval Indian kingdoms.

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Bahraich

Bahraich is a city and a municipal board in Bahraich district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.

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Bahrain

Bahrain (البحرين), officially the Kingdom of Bahrain (مملكة البحرين), is an Arab constitutional monarchy in the Persian Gulf.

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Balrampur

Balrampur is a city and a municipal board in Balrampur district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.

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Bangladesh

Bangladesh (বাংলাদেশ, lit. "The country of Bengal"), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh (গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশ), is a country in South Asia.

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Banu Hashim

Banū Hāshim (بنو هاشم) is a clan in the Quraysh tribe with a unique maternal bloodline of Israelite ancestry through Salma bint Amr of Banu Najjar.

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Barabanki district

Barabanki district is one of four districts of Faizabad division, lies at the very heart of Awadh region of Uttar Pradesh state of India, and forms as it were a centre from which no less than seven other districts radiate.

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Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh

Barabanki is a city in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India.

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Barcha

Barsha is a type of lance with a wooden handle, once common in South Asia (the word itself is Hindi).

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Bareilly district

The Bareilly district belongs to the state Uttar Pradesh in northern India.

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Basra

Basra (البصرة al-Baṣrah), is an Iraqi city located on the Shatt al-Arab between Kuwait and Iran.

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Battle of Buxar

The Battle of Buxar was fought on 22 October 1764 between the forces under the command of the British East India Company led by Hector Munro and the combined armies of Mir Qasim, Nawab of Bengal till 1763; the Nawab of Awadh; and the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II.

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Berar Sultanate

Berar was one of the Deccan sultanates.

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Bhadohi

Bhadohi is a city in Bhadohi district in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

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Bidar Sultanate

Bidar sultanate was one of the Deccan sultanates of late medieval southern India.

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Bihar

Bihar is an Indian state considered to be a part of Eastern as well as Northern India.

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Bijnor district

Bijnor district is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state of India.

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Bilgram

Bilgram is a town and a municipal board in Hardoi district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.

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Brill Publishers

Brill (known as E. J. Brill, Koninklijke Brill, Brill Academic Publishers) is a Dutch international academic publisher founded in 1683 in Leiden, Netherlands.

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Brunei

Brunei, officially the Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace (Negara Brunei Darussalam, Jawi), is a sovereign state located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia.

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Budaun

Budaun (also spelled as Badaun, formerly Vodamayuta) is a city and a seat of Budaun district, Uttar Pradesh, India.

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Bukhara

Bukhara (Uzbek Latin: Buxoro; Uzbek Cyrillic: Бухоро) is a city in Uzbekistan.

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Bukhari (surname)

Bukhari (بخاري), also spelled as Bokhari, Bukhary and Bukhori, is a common surname in Central and Western Asia, meaning "from Bukhara" (in today's Uzbekistan).

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Buner District

Buner District (د بونیر ولسوالی) is a district of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

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Cambridge University Press

Cambridge University Press (CUP) is the publishing business of the University of Cambridge.

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Central Asia

Central Asia stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to China in the east and from Afghanistan in the south to Russia in the north.

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Champaner

Champaner (ચાંપાનેર) is a historical city in the state of Gujarat, in western India.

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China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.

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Coat of arms

A coat of arms is a heraldic visual design on an escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard.

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Council of India

The Council of India was the name given at different times to two separate bodies associated with British rule in India.

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Deccan Plateau

The Deccan PlateauPage 46, is a large plateau in western and southern India.

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Deccan sultanates

The Deccan Sultanates were five dynasties that ruled late medieval Indian kingdoms, namely, Bijapur, Golkonda, Ahmadnagar, Bidar, and Berar in south-western India.

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Delhi

Delhi (Dilli), officially the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT), is a city and a union territory of India.

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Delhi Sultanate

The Delhi Sultanate (Persian:دهلی سلطان, Urdu) was a Muslim sultanate based mostly in Delhi that stretched over large parts of the Indian subcontinent for 320 years (1206–1526).

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Deobandi

Deobandi (Pashto and دیو بندی, دیو بندی, দেওবন্দী, देवबन्दी) is a revivalist movement within Sunni (primarily Hanafi) Islam.

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Devin J. Stewart

Dr.

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Dildar Ali Naseerabadi

Sayyid Dildar 'Ali, also known as Ghufran-Ma'ab Naseerabadi, (1753 to 10-jan-1820) was a Shia scholar of India who originated from a family of scholars from the village of Nasirabad, Raibareli, 32 km from their District Raebareli, in Uttar Pradesh, India.

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Domariaganj

Domariaganj is a town and tehsil of Siddharthnagar district in eastern Uttar Pradesh.

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Emir

An emir (أمير), sometimes transliterated amir, amier, or ameer, is an aristocratic or noble and military title of high office used in a variety of places in the Arab countries, West African, and Afghanistan.

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Erwadi

Ervadi or Erwadi is a village in Ramanathapuram district, Tamil Nadu in southern India belonging to Kadaladi Taluk and Keelakarai Town panchayat.

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Faizabad

Faizabad is a city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, and forms a municipal corporation with Ayodhya.

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Family tree of Ali

Alī ibn Abī Tālib (عَـلِي ابـن أَﺑِﻲ طَـالِـب, 599 – 661 ACE) was an early Islamic leader.

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Family tree of Muhammad

This article is about the family tree of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad.

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Farewell Sermon

The Farewell Sermon (خطبة الوداع, Khuṭbatu l-Wadāʿ), also known as Muhammad's Final Sermon or the Last Sermon, is believed by Muslims to have been delivered by the Islamic prophet, Muhammad on the 9th of Dhu al-Hijjah, 10 AH (6 March 632) in the Uranah valley of Mount Arafat, during the Islamic pilgrimage of Hajj.

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Fatimah

Fatimah bint Muhammad (فاطمة;; especially colloquially: born c. 609 (or 20 Jumada al-Thani 5 BH ?) – died 28 August 632) was the youngest daughter and according to Shia Muslims, the only child of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and Khadijah who lived to adulthood, and therefore part of Muhammad's household.

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Frontier Constabulary

The Frontier Constabulary (FC) is a paramilitary police force responsible for maintaining law and order in Pakistan and dealing with situations out of the capabilities of Normal Police Force of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

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Gardez

Gardēz (ګردېز, گردیز) is the capital of the Paktia Province of Afghanistan.

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Gazi Saiyyed Salar Sahu

Ghazi Saiyyed Salar Sahu or Ghazi Saiyed Salar Dawood or Sahu Bin Ataullah Alavi or Salar Sahu (غازى سيد سالار ساھو) was commander in the army of Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi who came to the South Asia in the early 11th century.

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Genealogy

Genealogy (from γενεαλογία from γενεά, "generation" and λόγος, "knowledge"), also known as family history, is the study of families and the tracing of their lineages and history.

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Geography of Iraq

The geography of Iraq is diverse and falls into five main regions: 1.

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Ghazi Saiyyad Salar Masud

Ghazi Saiyyad Salar Masud or Ghazi Miyan (1014 – 1034 CE) was a semi-legendary Ghaznavid army general, said to have been the nephew of Sultan Mahmud.

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Ghazipur

Ghazipur (previously spelled Ghazeepore, Gauspur, and Ghazipour), is a city in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.

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Ghaznavids

The Ghaznavid dynasty (غزنویان ġaznaviyān) was a Persianate Muslim dynasty of Turkic mamluk origin, at their greatest extent ruling large parts of Iran, Afghanistan, much of Transoxiana and the northwest Indian subcontinent from 977 to 1186.

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Ghulat

Ghulāt (lit, singular ghālī) is a term used in the theology of Shia Islam to describe some minority Muslim groups who either ascribe divine characteristics to figures of Islamic history (usually a member of the Ahl al-Bayt) or hold beliefs deemed deviant by mainstream Shi'i theology.

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Golkonda

Golkonda, also known as Golconda, Gol konda ("Round shaped hill"), or Golla konda, (Shepherd's Hill) is a citadel and fort in Southern India and was the capital of the medieval sultanate of the Qutb Shahi dynasty (c.1518–1687), is situated west of Hyderabad.

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Gujarat

Gujarat is a state in Western India and Northwest India with an area of, a coastline of – most of which lies on the Kathiawar peninsula – and a population in excess of 60 million.

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Gujarat Sultanate

The Gujarat Sultanate was a medieval Indian kingdom established in the early 15th century in present-day Gujarat, India.

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Hadhramaut

Hadramaut, Hadhramaut, Hadramout, Hadramawt or Ḥaḍramūt (حضرموت Ḥaḍramawt; Musnad: 𐩢𐩳𐩧𐩣𐩩) is a region on the southern end of the Arabian Peninsula.

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Hadith

Ḥadīth (or; حديث, pl. Aḥādīth, أحاديث,, also "Traditions") in Islam refers to the record of the words, actions, and the silent approval, of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

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Haji Syed Ahmed Shah

Haji Syed Ahmed Shah, known as Haji Baba, was a saint who migrated from Saudi Arabia to KPK region of Pakistan somewhere in 15th or 16th century to preach Islam and then settled there.

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Hallaur

Hallaur or Hallor (Urdu, Persian and Arabic: هلور) village is located in Domariyaganj Tehsil of Siddharthnagar district in Uttar Pradesh, India.

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Hamdan

Hamdan (همدان) is a name of Arab origin.

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Haplogroup J (Y-DNA)

Haplogroup J-M304, also known as J, (2 February 2016).

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Haplogroup J-M172

In human genetics, Haplogroup J-M172 or J2 is a Y-chromosome haplogroup which is a subclade (branch) of haplogroup J-P209.

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Haplogroup J-M267

In Genetic genealogy and human genetics, Y DNA haplogroup J-M267, also commonly known as Haplogroup J1 is a subclade (branch) of Y-DNA haplogroup J-P209, (commonly known as Haplogroup J) along with its sibling clade Y DNA haplogroup J-M172 (commonly known as Haplogroup J2).

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Haryana

Haryana, carved out of the former state of East Punjab on 1November 1966 on linguistic basis, is one of the 29 states in India.

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Hasan al-Askari

Hasan ibn Ali ibn Muhammad (846 – 874) was the 11th Imam of Twelver Shia Islam, after his father Ali al-Hadi.

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Hasan ibn Ali

Al-Ḥasan ibn Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib (الحسن ابن علي ابن أبي طالب, 624–670 CE), commonly known as Hasan or Hassan, is the eldest son of Muhammad's daughter Fatimah and of Ali, and the older brother to Husayn.

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Hashemites

The Hashemites (الهاشميون, Al-Hāshimīyūn; also House of Hashim) are the ruling royal family of Jordan.

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Hashmi

Hashmi (هاشمي, ہاشمی, হাশমী, हाशमी) is a surname, referring descent from the Banu Hashim clan of Quraish with a unique maternal bloodline of Israelite ancestry through Salma bint Amr of Banu Najjar.

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Hasnain

Hasnain may refer to.

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Hassan (surname)

Hassan (also spelled Hasan, Hassane, Hassen, Hasson, Hassin, Hassine, Hacen, Hasen, Hasin, Hass, Hassa, Hasa, Hess, Cassin, Chassan, Chasan, Chasson, Chason, Khassan, Khasan, Cassan, Casan, Hazan, Hasso, Hassanein, Hasnen, Hassani, Hasani, Alhassan, Al-Hassan, Lassana, Alassane, Lacen, Lasanah, Assan, Asan, Asanov/Asanova, Hasanov/Hasanova, Khasanov/Khasanova, Hasanoff, Jasanoff, Hasanović, Hasanovic, Asanović, Hasanovich, Hasanovski/Hasanovska, Asanovski/Asanovska, O'Hassan, Haasan, or Hasaan) is an Arabic, Irish, Scottish, or Hebrew surname.

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Hazara, Pakistan

Hazara (Hindko/ہزارہ, هزاره) is a region in the North-Eastern part of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

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Hazrat Ishaan

Khwaja Sayyid Mir Khawand Mahmud ibn Sharif Naqshbandi, known as "Hazrat Ishaan Shah" (1563— 4 November 1642) is a Sufi Saint from Bokhara.

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Hindi

Hindi (Devanagari: हिन्दी, IAST: Hindī), or Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: मानक हिन्दी, IAST: Mānak Hindī) is a standardised and Sanskritised register of the Hindustani language.

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Hindu

Hindu refers to any person who regards themselves as culturally, ethnically, or religiously adhering to aspects of Hinduism.

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Hola (ethnic group)

Houla (هوله, sing. Houli هولي) is blanket term for the Arabs of the Banâdir littoral between Kangân and Bandar 'Abbas; and the Qawâsim of Qishm island and the mainland near Bandar Linga who began to infiltrate here about 1760 from the Arabian shore opposite.

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Homage (feudal)

Homage in the Middle Ages was the ceremony in which a feudal tenant or vassal pledged reverence and submission to his feudal lord, receiving in exchange the symbolic title to his new position (investiture).

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Honorific

An honorific is a title that conveys esteem or respect for position or rank when used in addressing or referring to a person.

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Hulagu Khan

Hulagu Khan, also known as Hülegü or Hulegu (ᠬᠦᠯᠡᠭᠦ|translit.

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Husayn ibn Ali

Al-Ḥusayn ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib (الحسين ابن علي ابن أبي طالب; 10 October 625 – 10 October 680) (3 Sha'aban AH 4 (in the ancient (intercalated) Arabic calendar) – 10 Muharram AH 61) (his name is also transliterated as Husayn ibn 'Alī, Husain, Hussain and Hussein), was a grandson of the Islamic ''Nabi'' (نَـبِي, Prophet) Muhammad, and son of Ali ibn Abi Talib (the first Shia Imam and the fourth Rashid caliph of Sunni Islam), and Muhammad's daughter, Fatimah.

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Husseini

Husseini (also spelled Hussaini, Husaini, Hecini, Hosseini or Husayni, حسیني) is an Arabic surname.

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Idris I of Morocco

Idris I (إدريس الأول), also known as Idris ibn Abdillah, was the founder of the Idrisid dynasty in part of northern Morocco in alliance with the Berber tribe of Awraba.

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Idrisid dynasty

The Idrisids (الأدارسة) were an Arab-Berber Zaydi-Shia dynasty of Morocco, ruling from 788 to 974.

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Ijtihad

Ijtihad (اجتهاد, lit. effort, physical or mental, expended in a particular activity) is an Islamic legal term referring to independent reasoning or the thorough exertion of a jurist's mental faculty in finding a solution to a legal question.

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Iltutmish

Shams ud-Din Iltutmish was the third ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, belonging to the Mamluk dynasty.

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Imam

Imam (إمام; plural: أئمة) is an Islamic leadership position.

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Imamah (Shia)

In Shia Islam, the imamah (إمامة) is the doctrine that the figures known as imams are rightfully the central figures of the ummah; the entire Shi'ite system of doctrine focuses on the imamah.

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Imamzadeh

An Imāmzādeh (امام‌زاده, İmamzadə; Imām-born) is a word found in the Persian, Azerbaijani, and Urdu languages, that refers to an immediate descendant of a Shi'i Imam.

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India

India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.

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Indian Rebellion of 1857

The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was a major uprising in India between 1857–58 against the rule of the British East India Company, which functioned as a sovereign power on behalf of the British Crown.

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Indian subcontinent

The Indian subcontinent is a southern region and peninsula of Asia, mostly situated on the Indian Plate and projecting southwards into the Indian Ocean from the Himalayas.

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Indonesia

Indonesia (or; Indonesian), officially the Republic of Indonesia (Republik Indonesia), is a transcontinental unitary sovereign state located mainly in Southeast Asia, with some territories in Oceania.

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Iran

Iran (ایران), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th-most-populous country. Comprising a land area of, it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th-largest in the world. Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan, to the north by the Caspian Sea, to the northeast by Turkmenistan, to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, give it geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic and cultural center. Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BCE. It was first unified by the Iranian Medes in the seventh century BCE, reaching its greatest territorial size in the sixth century BCE, when Cyrus the Great founded the Achaemenid Empire, which stretched from Eastern Europe to the Indus Valley, becoming one of the largest empires in history. The Iranian realm fell to Alexander the Great in the fourth century BCE and was divided into several Hellenistic states. An Iranian rebellion culminated in the establishment of the Parthian Empire, which was succeeded in the third century CE by the Sasanian Empire, a leading world power for the next four centuries. Arab Muslims conquered the empire in the seventh century CE, displacing the indigenous faiths of Zoroastrianism and Manichaeism with Islam. Iran made major contributions to the Islamic Golden Age that followed, producing many influential figures in art and science. After two centuries, a period of various native Muslim dynasties began, which were later conquered by the Turks and the Mongols. The rise of the Safavids in the 15th century led to the reestablishment of a unified Iranian state and national identity, with the country's conversion to Shia Islam marking a turning point in Iranian and Muslim history. Under Nader Shah, Iran was one of the most powerful states in the 18th century, though by the 19th century, a series of conflicts with the Russian Empire led to significant territorial losses. Popular unrest led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy and the country's first legislature. A 1953 coup instigated by the United Kingdom and the United States resulted in greater autocracy and growing anti-Western resentment. Subsequent unrest against foreign influence and political repression led to the 1979 Revolution and the establishment of an Islamic republic, a political system that includes elements of a parliamentary democracy vetted and supervised by a theocracy governed by an autocratic "Supreme Leader". During the 1980s, the country was engaged in a war with Iraq, which lasted for almost nine years and resulted in a high number of casualties and economic losses for both sides. According to international reports, Iran's human rights record is exceptionally poor. The regime in Iran is undemocratic, and has frequently persecuted and arrested critics of the government and its Supreme Leader. Women's rights in Iran are described as seriously inadequate, and children's rights have been severely violated, with more child offenders being executed in Iran than in any other country in the world. Since the 2000s, Iran's controversial nuclear program has raised concerns, which is part of the basis of the international sanctions against the country. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, an agreement reached between Iran and the P5+1, was created on 14 July 2015, aimed to loosen the nuclear sanctions in exchange for Iran's restriction in producing enriched uranium. Iran is a founding member of the UN, ECO, NAM, OIC, and OPEC. It is a major regional and middle power, and its large reserves of fossil fuels – which include the world's largest natural gas supply and the fourth-largest proven oil reserves – exert considerable influence in international energy security and the world economy. The country's rich cultural legacy is reflected in part by its 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the third-largest number in Asia and eleventh-largest in the world. Iran is a multicultural country comprising numerous ethnic and linguistic groups, the largest being Persians (61%), Azeris (16%), Kurds (10%), and Lurs (6%).

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Iraq

Iraq (or; العراق; عێراق), officially known as the Republic of Iraq (جُمُهورية العِراق; کۆماری عێراق), is a country in Western Asia, bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest and Syria to the west.

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Isaac

According to the biblical Book of Genesis, Isaac (إسحٰق/إسحاق) was the son of Abraham and Sarah and father of Jacob; his name means "he will laugh", reflecting when Sarah laughed in disbelief when told that she would have a child.

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Isaac in Islam

The biblical patriarch Isaac (إسحاق or إسحٰق) is recognized as a patriarch, prophet and messenger of God by all Muslims.

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Isfahan

Isfahan (Esfahān), historically also rendered in English as Ispahan, Sepahan, Esfahan or Hispahan, is the capital of Isfahan Province in Iran, located about south of Tehran.

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Ishmael

Ishmael Ἰσμαήλ Ismaēl; Classical/Qur'anic Arabic: إِسْمَٰعِيْل; Modern Arabic: إِسْمَاعِيْل ʾIsmāʿīl; Ismael) is a figure in the Tanakh and the Quran and was Abraham's first son according to Jews, Christians and Muslims. Ishmael was born to Abraham and Sarah's handmaiden Hagar (Hājar).. According to the Genesis account, he died at the age of 137. The Book of Genesis and Islamic traditions consider Ishmael to be the ancestor of the Ishmaelites and patriarch of Qaydār. According to Muslim tradition, Ishmael the Patriarch and his mother Hagar are said to be buried next to the Kaaba in Mecca.

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Ishmael in Islam

Ishmael (إسماعيل) is the figure known in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam as Abraham's (Ibrahim) son, born to Hagar (Hajar).

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Islam

IslamThere are ten pronunciations of Islam in English, differing in whether the first or second syllable has the stress, whether the s is or, and whether the a is pronounced, or (when the stress is on the first syllable) (Merriam Webster).

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Ismail I

Ismail I (Esmāʿīl,; July 17, 1487 – May 23, 1524), also known as Shah Ismail I (شاه اسماعیل), was the founder of the Safavid dynasty, ruling from 1501 to 23 May 1524 as Shah of Iran (Persia).

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Ispahsalar

Ispahsālār (اسپهسالار) or sipahsālār (سپهسالار; "army commander"), in Arabic rendered as isfahsalār (إسفهسلار) or iṣbahsalār (إصبهسلار), was a title used in much of the Islamic world during the 10th–15th centuries, to denote the senior-most military commanders but also as a generic general officer rank.

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Istanbul

Istanbul (or or; İstanbul), historically known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center.

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Ja'far al-Sadiq

Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad al-Ṣādiq (جعفر بن محمد الصادق; 700 or 702–765 C.E.), commonly known as Jaʿfar al-Sadiq or simply al-Sadiq (The Truthful), was the sixth Shia Imam and a major figure in the Hanafi and Maliki schools of Sunni jurisprudence.

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Jabal Amel

Jabal Amel or Jabal 'Amil (jabal ʿāmil) is a mountainous region of Southern Lebanon.

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Jafri

Jafri (جعفری.) is a surname commonly associated with those who are the descendants of the 6th Shia Imam, Ja'far al-Sadiq, who was a direct descendant of Ali and Muhammad.

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Jagir

A jagir (IAST: Jāgīr), also spelled as jageer, was a type of feudal land grant in South Asia at the foundation of its Jagirdar system.

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Jalali (surname)

Jalali is a surname.

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Jalaluddin Surkh-Posh Bukhari

Jalaluddin Surkh-Posh Bukhari (سید جلال الدین سرخ پوش بخاری, c. 595-690 AH, 1198 – 1292 CE) was a Sufi saint and missionary.

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Jammu and Kashmir

Jammu and Kashmir (ænd) is a state in northern India, often denoted by its acronym, J&K.

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Janbiya

Janbiya, also spelled jambia, jambya, jambiya, and janbia (جنۢبية janbīyah), is the Arabic term for a specific type of dagger with a short curved blade and a medial ridge That originated from Yemen.

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Jansath

Jansath is a town and a nagar panchayat in Muzaffarnagar district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

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Jarwal

Jarwal kasba eidgah ground Jarwal is a town and a nagar panchayat in Bahraich district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

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Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh

Jaunpur (is a town and a municipal board in Jaunpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is located 228 km southeast of state capital Lucknow. Jaunpur is located to the northwest of the district of Varanasi in the eastern part of the North Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Demographically, Jaunpur resembles the rest of the Purvanchal area in which it is located. A greenfield international airport is being constructed in Mariahu tehsil of Jaunpur to ease out the traffic at Babatpur Airport in Varanasi.

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Kaghan Valley

Kaghan Valley (وادی کاغان) is an alpine-climate valley in Mansehra District of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan.

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Kanpur

Kanpur (formerly Cawnpore) is the 12th most populous city in India and the second largest city in the state of Uttar Pradesh after Lucknow.

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Karachi

Karachi (کراچی; ALA-LC:,; ڪراچي) is the capital of the Pakistani province of Sindh.

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Karlugh Turks

The Karlugh Turks (ترکوں قارلوق.) are a prominent Karluk Turkic tribe that resides mainly in the Hazara region of current Pakistan.

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Karnal district

Karnal district is one of the 22 districts of Haryana state in northern India.

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Karnataka

Karnataka also known Kannada Nadu is a state in the south western region of India.

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Kashmir

Kashmir is the northernmost geographical region of the Indian subcontinent.

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Kazimar Big Mosque

Kazimar Periya Pallivasal or Kazimar Big Mosque is the oldest mosque in Madurai city, Tamil Nadu, India.

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Kazimar Street

Kazimar Street is an ancient street in Madurai, India, dating from the 13th century.

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Kazmi

Kazemi, Kazimi or Kazmi is a surname.

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Kerala

Kerala is a state in South India on the Malabar Coast.

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Khadija bint Khuwaylid

Khadijah, Khadījah bint Khuwaylid (خديجة بنت خويلد) or Khadījah al-Kubra (Khadijah the Great) 555 – 22 November 619 CE) was the first wife and follower of the Islamic Prophet (نَـبِي, Prophet) Muhammad. She is commonly regarded by Muslims as the "Mother of the Believers". Khadijah is regarded as one of the most important female figures in Islam, like her daughter, Fatimah. Muhammad was monogamously married to her for 25 years. After the death of Khadijah, Muhammad married at least nine women. Khadijah was the closest to Muhammad and he confided in her the most out of all his following wives. It is narrated in many hadiths that Khadijah was Muhammad's most trusted and favorite among all his marriages. It is narrated in Sahih Muslim: The messenger of Allah said: "God Almighty never granted me anyone better in this life than her. She accepted me when people rejected me; she believed in me when people doubted me; she shared her wealth with me when people deprived me; and Allah granted me children only through her." ‘A’ishah narrated of Muhammed and Khadijah in Sahih Bukhari: "I did not feel jealous of any of the wives of the Prophet as much as I did of Khadijah though I did not see her, but the Prophet used to mention her very often, and when ever he slaughtered a sheep, he would cut its parts and send them to the women friends of Khadijah. When I sometimes said to him, "(You treat Khadijah in such a way) as if there is no woman on Earth except Khadijah," he would say, "Khadijah was such-and-such, and from her I had children." It is also narrated: The Messenger of Allah said: "The best of its women is Khadijah bint Khuwailid, and the best of its women is Maryam bint ‘Imran." Muhammad said about her "She believed in me when the whole world refuted me and she attested to my veracity when the whole world accused me of falsehood. She offered me compassion and loyalty with her wealth when everyone else had forsaken me." Khadijah was the first female and person to become a follower of Muhammad. Muhammad was married to her until her death and Khadijah was the only wife to be married to Muhammad in monogamy, thus sometimes regarded as Muhammad's most beloved. She is regarded as one of the most important women in Islam, and in terms of the progression of Islam, the most important out of all of Muhammad's wives.

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Khanjar

A khanjar (خنجر, خونگر, Hançer, Handžar) is a traditional dagger originating from Oman.

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Kheda district

Kheda District is one of the thirty-three districts of Gujarat state in western India.

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Khums

In Islamic tradition, khums (خمس, literally 'one fifth') refers to the historically required religious obligation of any Muslim army to pay one-fifth of the spoils of war, the money collected from non-believers after a military campaign; this tax was paid to the caliph or sultan, representing the state of Islam.

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Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (abbreviated as KP; خیبر پختونخوا; خیبر پښتونخوا) is one of the four administrative provinces of Pakistan, located in the northwestern region of the country along the international border with Afghanistan.

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Kintoor

Kintoor or Kintur is a village distant 10 miles north-east of Badosarai in Barabanki district famous for battle of Kintoor of 1858 during the Indian Mutiny.

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Kitab al-Kafi

The book Al-Kāfī (The Sufficient Book) is a Twelver Shīʿī ḥadīth collection compiled by Muhammad ibn Ya‘qūb al-Kulaynī.

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Land grant

A land grant is a gift of real estate – land or its use privileges – made by a government or other authority as an incentive, means of enabling works, or as a reward for services to an individual, especially in return for military service.

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Lucknow

Lucknow is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and is also the administrative headquarters of the eponymous District and Division.

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Ma'rib

Marib (Maʾrib) is the capital city of Ma'rib Governorate, Yemen.

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Madhya Pradesh

Madhya Pradesh (MP;; meaning Central Province) is a state in central India.

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Madrasa

Madrasa (مدرسة,, pl. مدارس) is the Arabic word for any type of educational institution, whether secular or religious (of any religion), and whether a school, college, or university.

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Madurai

Madurai is one of the major cities in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

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Maghreb

The Maghreb (al-Maɣréb lit.), also known as the Berber world, Barbary, Berbery, and Northwest Africa, is a major region of North Africa that consists primarily of the countries Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Libya and Mauritania.

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Maghrebi Arabic

Maghrebi Arabic (Western Arabic; as opposed to Eastern Arabic or Mashriqi Arabic) is an Arabic dialect continuum spoken in the Maghreb region, in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Western Sahara, and Mauritania.

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Maharashtra

Maharashtra (abbr. MH) is a state in the western region of India and is India's second-most populous state and third-largest state by area.

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Mahdi

The Mahdi (مهدي, ISO 233:, literally "guided one") is an eschatological redeemer of Islam who will appear and rule for five, seven, nine or nineteen years (according to differing interpretations)Martin 2004: 421 before the Day of Judgment (literally "the Day of Resurrection") and will rid the world of evil.

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Mahmud Begada

Sultan Mahmud Begada or Mahmud Shah I, was the most prominent Sultan of Gujarat Sultanate.

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Mahmud of Ghazni

Yamīn-ud-Dawla Abul-Qāṣim Maḥmūd ibn Sebüktegīn (یمین‌الدوله ابوالقاسم محمود بن سبکتگین), more commonly known as Mahmud of Ghazni (محمود غزنوی; November 971 – 30 April 1030), also known as Mahmūd-i Zābulī (محمود زابلی), was the most prominent ruler of the Ghaznavid Empire.

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Malabar Coast

The Malabar Coast is a long, narrow coastline on the southwestern shore line of the mainland Indian subcontinent.

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Malayalam

Malayalam is a Dravidian language spoken across the Indian state of Kerala by the Malayali people and it is one of 22 scheduled languages of India.

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Malaysia

Malaysia is a federal constitutional monarchy in Southeast Asia.

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Mark G. Thomas

Mark G. Thomas (born 5 June 1964 on Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey, England) is a human evolutionary geneticist, Professor of Evolutionary Genetics at the Research Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment at University College London.

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Mashhad

Mashhad (مشهد), also spelled Mashad or Meshad, is the second most populous city in Iran and the capital of Razavi Khorasan Province.

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Mashwanis

The Mashwani (مشوانی) (also Moshwani, Meshwani, or Miswani) is an Arab origin Pukhtun tribe living in Afghanistan, the provinces of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Baluchistan in Pakistan and Iran.

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Mazar (mausoleum)

A mazār (مزار) is a mausoleum or shrine in some places of the world, typically that of a saint or notable religious leader.

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Medina

Medina (المدينة المنورة,, "the radiant city"; or المدينة,, "the city"), also transliterated as Madīnah, is a city in the Hejaz region of the Arabian Peninsula and administrative headquarters of the Al-Madinah Region of Saudi Arabia.

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Meerut

Meerut (IAST: Meraṭha), is a city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

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Mehmud Khurd

Sultan Mehmud Khurd was the last ruler of the sarkar of Pakhli in Hazara, Pakistan.

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Middle East

The Middle Easttranslit-std; translit; Orta Şərq; Central Kurdish: ڕۆژھەڵاتی ناوین, Rojhelatî Nawîn; Moyen-Orient; translit; translit; translit; Rojhilata Navîn; translit; Bariga Dhexe; Orta Doğu; translit is a transcontinental region centered on Western Asia, Turkey (both Asian and European), and Egypt (which is mostly in North Africa).

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Mir (title)

Mir (مير) (which is derived from the Arabic title Emir 'general, prince') is a rare ruler's title in princely states and an aristocratic title generally used to refer to a person who is a descendant of a commander in medieval Muslim tradition.

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Mir clan

Mir (مير) is a Kashmiri family name with origins in the Kashmir Valley.

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Mirza

Mirza (or; میرزا) is a name of Persian origin.

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Mohammadabaad, Farrukhabad district

Mohammadabad is a town and a nagar panchayat in Farrukhabad district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

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Mohan, Uttar Pradesh

Mohan is a town and a nagar panchayat in Unnao district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

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Mongols

The Mongols (ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ, Mongolchuud) are an East-Central Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia and China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

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Moro Province

Moro Province (Provincia Mora) is the name of a former province of the Philippines consisting of the former provinces/regions of Zamboanga, Lanao, Cotabato, Davao, and Jolo.

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Mousavi (surname)

Mousavi is a surname.

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Mr.

Mister, usually written in its abbreviated form Mr. (US) or Mr (UK), is a commonly used English honorific for men under the rank of knighthood.

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Mughal emperors

The Mughal emperors, from the early 16th century to the early 18th century, built and ruled the Mughal Empire on the Indian subcontinent, mainly corresponding to the modern countries of India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh.

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Mughal Empire

The Mughal Empire (گورکانیان, Gūrkāniyān)) or Mogul Empire was an empire in the Indian subcontinent, founded in 1526. It was established and ruled by a Muslim dynasty with Turco-Mongol Chagatai roots from Central Asia, but with significant Indian Rajput and Persian ancestry through marriage alliances; only the first two Mughal emperors were fully Central Asian, while successive emperors were of predominantly Rajput and Persian ancestry. The dynasty was Indo-Persian in culture, combining Persianate culture with local Indian cultural influences visible in its traits and customs. The Mughal Empire at its peak extended over nearly all of the Indian subcontinent and parts of Afghanistan. It was the second largest empire to have existed in the Indian subcontinent, spanning approximately four million square kilometres at its zenith, after only the Maurya Empire, which spanned approximately five million square kilometres. The Mughal Empire ushered in a period of proto-industrialization, and around the 17th century, Mughal India became the world's largest economic power, accounting for 24.4% of world GDP, and the world leader in manufacturing, producing 25% of global industrial output up until the 18th century. The Mughal Empire is considered "India's last golden age" and one of the three Islamic Gunpowder Empires (along with the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia). The beginning of the empire is conventionally dated to the victory by its founder Babur over Ibrahim Lodi, the last ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, in the First Battle of Panipat (1526). The Mughal emperors had roots in the Turco-Mongol Timurid dynasty of Central Asia, claiming direct descent from both Genghis Khan (founder of the Mongol Empire, through his son Chagatai Khan) and Timur (Turco-Mongol conqueror who founded the Timurid Empire). During the reign of Humayun, the successor of Babur, the empire was briefly interrupted by the Sur Empire. The "classic period" of the Mughal Empire started in 1556 with the ascension of Akbar the Great to the throne. Under the rule of Akbar and his son Jahangir, the region enjoyed economic progress as well as religious harmony, and the monarchs were interested in local religious and cultural traditions. Akbar was a successful warrior who also forged alliances with several Hindu Rajput kingdoms. Some Rajput kingdoms continued to pose a significant threat to the Mughal dominance of northwestern India, but most of them were subdued by Akbar. All Mughal emperors were Muslims; Akbar, however, propounded a syncretic religion in the latter part of his life called Dīn-i Ilāhī, as recorded in historical books like Ain-i-Akbari and Dabistān-i Mazāhib. The Mughal Empire did not try to intervene in the local societies during most of its existence, but rather balanced and pacified them through new administrative practices and diverse and inclusive ruling elites, leading to more systematic, centralised, and uniform rule. Traditional and newly coherent social groups in northern and western India, such as the Maratha Empire|Marathas, the Rajputs, the Pashtuns, the Hindu Jats and the Sikhs, gained military and governing ambitions during Mughal rule, which, through collaboration or adversity, gave them both recognition and military experience. The reign of Shah Jahan, the fifth emperor, between 1628 and 1658, was the zenith of Mughal architecture. He erected several large monuments, the best known of which is the Taj Mahal at Agra, as well as the Moti Masjid, Agra, the Red Fort, the Badshahi Mosque, the Jama Masjid, Delhi, and the Lahore Fort. The Mughal Empire reached the zenith of its territorial expanse during the reign of Aurangzeb and also started its terminal decline in his reign due to Maratha military resurgence under Category:History of Bengal Category:History of West Bengal Category:History of Bangladesh Category:History of Kolkata Category:Empires and kingdoms of Afghanistan Category:Medieval India Category:Historical Turkic states Category:Mongol states Category:1526 establishments in the Mughal Empire Category:1857 disestablishments in the Mughal Empire Category:History of Pakistan.

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Mughal tribe

The Mughals (مغول; مغل; مغول, also spelled Moghul or Mogul) are a number of culturally related clans of the Indian subcontinent.

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Muhammad

MuhammadFull name: Abū al-Qāsim Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāšim (ابو القاسم محمد ابن عبد الله ابن عبد المطلب ابن هاشم, lit: Father of Qasim Muhammad son of Abd Allah son of Abdul-Muttalib son of Hashim) (مُحمّد;;Classical Arabic pronunciation Latinized as Mahometus c. 570 CE – 8 June 632 CE)Elizabeth Goldman (1995), p. 63, gives 8 June 632 CE, the dominant Islamic tradition.

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Muhammad al-Baqir

Muḥammad al-Baqir, full name Muhammad bin 'Ali bin al-Husayn bin Ali bin Abi Talib, also known as Abu Ja'far or simply al-Baqir (the one who opens knowledge) (677-733) was the fifth Shia imam, succeeding his father Zayn al-Abidin and succeeded by his son Ja'far al-Sadiq.

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Muhammad al-Jawad

Muhammad ibn ‘Alī ibn Mūsā (Arabic: محمد ابن علی ابن موسی) (circa April 12, 811 - c. November 29, 835) was the ninth of the Twelve Imams and a descendant of the Prophet Muhammad.

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Muhammad al-Mahdi

Muhammad ibn Hasan al-Mahdī (محمد بن الحسن المهدي), also known as Imam Zaman (امام زمان), is believed by Twelver Shī‘a Muslims to be the Mahdī, an eschatological redeemer of Islam and ultimate savior of humankind and the final Imām of the Twelve Imams who will emerge with Isa (Jesus Christ) in order to fulfill their mission of bringing peace and justice to the world.

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Muhammad Al-Makki

Sayyid Muhammad ibn Shuja Al-Dīn ibn Ibrahīm ibn Qāsim Shah Al-Hussaini Al-Makki (Arabic: السيد محمد الحسيني المكي) (born 1145, died 1246), also known as Sayyid Mahmood Shah Al-Makki (Urdu: سيد محمود مكي) and well known by the nickname of "Sher Sawār" or "Lion Rider" (Persian: شیر سوار) is the ancestor of the Bukkuri or Bhaakri Sayyids (Urdu: بهاكري سادات), who founded Bukkur and was the first Sayyid to ever migrate from the Middle East to the Sindh region in today's Pakistan.

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Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni

Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Ya'qub ibn Ishaq al-Kulayni al-Razi (Persian: شیخ ابوجعفر محمّد بن یعقوب بن اسحاق رازی; c. 250 AH/864 CE - 329 AH/941 CE).

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Muhammad in Islam

Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh ibn ʿAbdul-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāshim (مُـحَـمَّـد ابْـن عَـبْـد الله ابْـن عَـبْـد الْـمُـطَّـلِـب ابْـن هَـاشِـم) (circa 570 CE – 8 June 632 CE), in short form Muhammad, is the last Messenger and Prophet of God in all the main branches of Islam.

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Mumin

Mumin or Momin (مؤمن mū‘min; feminine مؤمنة mū‘mina) is an Arabic Islamic term, frequently referenced in the Quran, meaning "believer".

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Musa al-Kadhim

Mūsá ibn Ja‘far al-Kāzim (موسى بن جعفر الكاظم), also called Abūl-Hasan, Abū Abd Allah, Abū Ibrāhīm, and al-Kāzim (the one who controls his anger), was the seventh Shiite Imam after his father Ja'far al-Sadiq.

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Muslim

A Muslim (مُسلِم) is someone who follows or practices Islam, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion.

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Muslim world

The terms Muslim world and Islamic world commonly refer to the unified Islamic community (Ummah), consisting of all those who adhere to the religion of Islam, or to societies where Islam is practiced.

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Muzaffarnagar

Muzaffarnagar is a city and a municipal board in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and is a part of National Capital Region.

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Muzaffarnagar district

Muzaffarnagar district is a district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India.

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Nagore

Nagore is a town in the Nagapattinam District, Tamil Nadu, India.

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Naqib al-ashraf

Naqib al-ashraf (plural: nuqaba or niqabat) was a governmental post in various Muslim empires denoting the head or supervisor of the descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

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Naqvi

The Naqvi sadah (السادة النقاويين) are people with the last name "Naqvi" and who are direct descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through the lineage of the Imam Ali al-Naqi.

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Nasirabad, Raibareli

Nasirabad (नसीराबाद, نصیر آباد) is a Village and a Gram Sabha in Chhatoh Block, Rae Bareli district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.

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Nawab of Awadh

The Nawab of Awadh or the Nawab of Oudh was the title of the rulers who governed the state of Awadh (anglicised as Oudh) in north India during the 18th and 19th centuries.

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Nepal

Nepal (नेपाल), officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal (सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल), is a landlocked country in South Asia located mainly in the Himalayas but also includes parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain.

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Nishapur

Nishapur or Nishabur (نیشابور, also Romanized as Nīshāpūr, Nišâpur, Nişapur, Nīshābūr, Neyshābūr, and Neeshapoor, from Middle Persian: New-Shabuhr, meaning "New City of Shapur", "Fair Shapur", or "Perfect built of Shapur") is a city in Razavi Khorasan Province, capital of the Nishapur County and former capital of Province Khorasan, in northeastern Iran, situated in a fertile plain at the foot of the Binalud Mountains.

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North India

North India is a loosely defined region consisting of the northern part of India.

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Nowshera District

Nowshera (ضلع نوشہرہ) is a district in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan.

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Oghi

Oghi (Pashto and اوگی) is a District and located in Province of Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa Pakistan.

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Okara City

Okara (Punjabi, اوکاڑا), is the capital city of Okara District in the Punjab province of Pakistan.

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Oman

Oman (عمان), officially the Sultanate of Oman (سلطنة عُمان), is an Arab country on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia.

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Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire (دولت عليه عثمانیه,, literally The Exalted Ottoman State; Modern Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu or Osmanlı Devleti), also historically known in Western Europe as the Turkish Empire"The Ottoman Empire-also known in Europe as the Turkish Empire" or simply Turkey, was a state that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries.

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Pakhli

Pakhli was an ancient sarkar (district) of the Mughal Subah of Punjab, now part of Hazara, Pakistan.

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Pakistan

Pakistan (پاکِستان), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (اِسلامی جمہوریہ پاکِستان), is a country in South Asia.

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Partition of India

The Partition of India was the division of British India in 1947 which accompanied the creation of two independent dominions, India and Pakistan.

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Pashtun tribes

The Pashtun tribes, or Afghan tribes (پښتانه ټبرونه يا پښتانه قبايل), are the tribes of the Pashtun people, a large Eastern Iranian ethnic group who use the Pashto language and follow Pashtunwali code of conduct.

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Pattani Province

Pattani (ปัตตานี) is one of the southern provinces (changwat) of Thailand.

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Pavagadh

Pavagadh (પાવાગઢ) is a Hill Station, and a Municipality in Panchmahal district about away from Vadodara in Gujarat state in western India.

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Persian Gulf

The Persian Gulf (lit), (الخليج الفارسي) is a mediterranean sea in Western Asia.

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Peshawar

Peshawar (پېښور; پشاور; پشور) is the capital of the Pakistani province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

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Philippines

The Philippines (Pilipinas or Filipinas), officially the Republic of the Philippines (Republika ng Pilipinas), is a unitary sovereign and archipelagic country in Southeast Asia.

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Pir Baba

Sayyid Ali Tirmizi (سيد علي ترمذي), more commonly known as Pir Baba (پير بابا), was a Sufi who settled in Buner (present-day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan) among the Yusufzai Pashtuns.

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Pirzada

A Pirzada (پیرزاده) is historically described as official custodians of Sufi mausoleums and shrines in Muslim lands, with their earliest mentions being in Baghdad, Iraq, during the period of the Umayyad caliphate.

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Presidencies and provinces of British India

The Provinces of India, earlier Presidencies of British India and still earlier, Presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance in the subcontinent.

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Privy council

A privy council is a body that advises the head of state of a nation, typically, but not always, in the context of a monarchic government.

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Prophets and messengers in Islam

Prophets in Islam (الأنبياء في الإسلام) include "messengers" (rasul, pl. rusul), bringers of a divine revelation via an angel (Arabic: ملائكة, malāʾikah);Shaatri, A. I. (2007).

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Punjab

The Punjab, also spelled Panjab (land of "five rivers"; Punjabi: پنجاب (Shahmukhi); ਪੰਜਾਬ (Gurumukhi); Πενταποταμία, Pentapotamia) is a geographical and cultural region in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising areas of eastern Pakistan and northern India.

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Qadi

A qadi (قاضي; also cadi, kadi or kazi) is the magistrate or judge of the Shariʿa court, who also exercises extrajudicial functions, such as mediation, guardianship over orphans and minors, and supervision and auditing of public works.

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Qadiriyya

The Qadiriyya (القادريه, قادریه, also transliterated Qadri, Qadriya, Kadri, Elkadri, Elkadry, Aladray, Alkadrie, Adray, Kadray, Qadiri,"Quadri" or Qadri) are members of the Qadiri tariqa (Sufi order).

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Qissa Khawani Bazaar

The Qissa Khwani Bazaar (کيسه خوانې بازار, قصہ خوانی بازار; "Story-tellers' Bazaar") is a bazaar in Peshawar, the capital of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

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Quraysh

The Quraysh (قريش) were a mercantile Arab tribe that historically inhabited and controlled Mecca and its Ka'aba.

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Qureshi

Qureyshi (also known as Qureshi, Quraishi, Qurayshi, Qureshy, Quraishy, Qoraishi, Qoreshi, Koraishi, Kureshi, Kureshy, Kureishi, Coreish) is a Muslim family name, though in English it has many spelling variations but in Arabic, there is a single spelling as " قريشي ", which means part of Qureish Family (Arabic: قريش).

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Qutb Shahi dynasty

The Qutb Shahi dynasty (or Golconda Sultanate) was a territory in south India.

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Raebareli

Raebareli is a city and a municipal board in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

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Rajasthan

Rajasthan (literally, "Land of Kings") is India's largest state by area (or 10.4% of India's total area).

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Rassids

The Imams of Yemen and later the Kings of Yemen were religiously consecrated leaders belonging to the Zaidiyyah branch of Shia Islam.

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Relic

In religion, a relic usually consists of the physical remains of a saint or the personal effects of the saint or venerated person preserved for purposes of veneration as a tangible memorial.

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Rizvi

Rizvi or Rizavi or رضوی is the Urdu form of the Arabic surname Radawi/Radhawi and the Persian surname Razavi.

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Rudauli

Rudauli (Hindi: रुदौली, Urdu), popularly known as Rudauli Shareef(Urdu), is a city and a municipal board in Faizabad district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

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Sa'dah

Sa'dah (صعدة) is the capital city of Saada Governorate in north-western Yemen at an elevation of about 1,800 meters.

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Saadat Ali Khan I

Saadat Ali Khan (b. c. 1680 – d. 19 March 1739) was the Subahdar Nawab of Awadh (Oudh) from 26 January 1722 to 1739, and the son of Muhammad Nasir.

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Sabzevar

Sabzevar (سبزوار), previously known as Beyhagh (also spelled "Beihagh"; بيهق), is a city and capital of Sabzevar County, in Razavi Khorasan Province, approximately 220 kilometres west of the provincial capital Mashhad, in northeastern Iran.

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Safavid dynasty

The Safavid dynasty (دودمان صفوی Dudmān e Safavi) was one of the most significant ruling dynasties of Iran, often considered the beginning of modern Iranian history.

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Salon, India

Salon, is a town and a tehsil as well as nagar panchayat in Raebareli district in the North Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

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Samarkand

Samarkand (Uzbek language Uzbek alphabet: Samarqand; سمرقند; Самарканд; Σαμαρκάνδη), alternatively Samarqand, is a city in modern-day Uzbekistan and is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in Central Asia.

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Sana'a

Sana'a (صنعاء, Yemeni Arabic), also spelled Sanaa or Sana, is the largest city in Yemen and the centre of Sana'a Governorate.

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Satrikh

Satrikh (also known as Sulaimanabad) is a town and a nagar panchayat in Barabanki district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

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Sayyid

Sayyid (also spelt Syed, Saiyed,Seyit,Seyd, Said, Sayed, Sayyed, Saiyid, Seyed and Seyyed) (سيد,; meaning "Mister"; plural سادة) is an honorific title denoting people (سيدة for females) accepted as descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through his grandsons, Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali (combined Hasnain), sons of Muhammad's daughter Fatimah and son-in-law Ali (Ali ibn Abi Talib).

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Sayyid brothers

The term Sayyid brothers refers to Syed Abdullah Khan and Syed Hassan Ali Khan Barha, who were powerful of the Mughal Empire during the early 18th century.

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Sayyid Mahmud Agha

Sayyid Mahmud Agha (died 1882) was a Sufi saint from Afghanistan.

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Sayyid Mir Jan

Hazrat Khwaja Sayyid Mir Jan Shah Saheb ibn Hasan Kabuli-Naqshbandi(سيد مير جان شاه صاحب ابن حسن كابلى-نقشبندى) (born in Kabul, Afghanistan in year 1800, died in year 1901 in Lahore) is an Afghan Sufi saint from Kabul.

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Senussi

The Senussi, or Sanussi (السنوسية), are a Muslim political-religious tariqa (Sufi order) and clan in colonial Libya and the Sudan region founded in Mecca in 1837 by the Grand Senussi (السنوسي الكبير), the Algerian Muhammad ibn Ali as-Senussi.

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Shah

Shah (Šāh, pronounced, "king") is a title given to the emperors, kings, princes and lords of Iran (historically also known as Persia).

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Shah Jalal

Shāh Jalāl ad-Dīn al-Mujarrad al-Naqshbandi (شاه جلال الدين المجرد النقشبندي), popularly known as Hazrat Shah Jalal (شاه جلال, শাহ জালাল, ꠡꠣꠢ ꠎꠣꠟꠣꠟ) (1271 CE – 15 March 1346 CE), is a celebrated Sufi Muslim figure in Bengal.

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Shaikh of Uttar Pradesh

The Shaikh are a Muslim community found in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India.

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Sharif

Sharif (also transliterated Sharīf or Sherif) / Shareef, Alsharif, Alshareef (شريف), or Chérif (Darija: Chorfa) is a traditional Arab title.

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Shaykh Syed Mir Mirak Andrabi

Shayakh Syed Mir Mirak Andrabi (921-990 AH; c. 1515–1582 AD) was a fifth-generation Sufi scholar in Kashmir.

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Shia Islam

Shia (شيعة Shīʿah, from Shīʻatu ʻAlī, "followers of Ali") is a branch of Islam which holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor (Imam), most notably at the event of Ghadir Khumm.

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Sidi

Sidi or Sayidi, also Sayyidi and Sayeedi, (Sayyīdī, Sīdī (dialectal) "milord") is an Arabic masculine title of respect.

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Sikandar Lodi

Sikandar Lodi (died 21 November 1517), born Nizam Khan, was the Sultan of Delhi between 1489 and 1517.

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Sikanderpur, Uttar Pradesh

Sikandarpur is a town and a Nagar Panchayat in Ballia in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

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Silk Road

The Silk Road was an ancient network of trade routes that connected the East and West.

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Sindh

Sindh (سنڌ; سِندھ) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan, in the southeast of the country.

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Singapore

Singapore, officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign city-state and island country in Southeast Asia.

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Sirhind-Fategarh

Sirhind-Fatehgarh (ਸਰਹਿੰਦ-ਫ਼ਤਿਹਗੜ੍ਹ) is a city and a municipal council in Fatehgarh Sahib district in the Indian state of Punjab.

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South Asia

South Asia or Southern Asia (also known as the Indian subcontinent) is a term used to represent the southern region of the Asian continent, which comprises the sub-Himalayan SAARC countries and, for some authorities, adjoining countries to the west and east.

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Southeast Asia

Southeast Asia or Southeastern Asia is a subregion of Asia, consisting of the countries that are geographically south of China, east of India, west of New Guinea and north of Australia.

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Sufism

Sufism, or Taṣawwuf (personal noun: ṣūfiyy / ṣūfī, mutaṣawwuf), variously defined as "Islamic mysticism",Martin Lings, What is Sufism? (Lahore: Suhail Academy, 2005; first imp. 1983, second imp. 1999), p.15 "the inward dimension of Islam" or "the phenomenon of mysticism within Islam",Massington, L., Radtke, B., Chittick, W. C., Jong, F. de, Lewisohn, L., Zarcone, Th., Ernst, C, Aubin, Françoise and J.O. Hunwick, “Taṣawwuf”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, edited by: P. Bearman, Th.

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Sultan

Sultan (سلطان) is a position with several historical meanings.

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Sun and moon letters

In Arabic and Maltese, the consonants are divided into two groups, called the sun letters or solar letters (حروف شمسية) and moon letters or lunar letters (حروف قمرية), based on whether they assimilate the letter (ﻝ) of a preceding definite article al- (الـ).

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Sunni Islam

Sunni Islam is the largest denomination of Islam.

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Syed Ahmed Rizvi Kashmiri

Ayatollah Aqa Syed Ahmed Rizvi or Razavi - d.1964 (1316-1384 Hijri) (Urdu; آیت اللہ آقا سید احمد رضوی کشمیری) was a Shiite Islamic jurist, religious reformer, and scholar who lived in Srinagar city of Kashmir in India.

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Syed Nagli

Syed Nagli (सैयद नगली) سید نگلی or Said Nagli (सैद नगली) is an approximately 500-year-old town in Amroha district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

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Syria

Syria (سوريا), officially known as the Syrian Arab Republic (الجمهورية العربية السورية), is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest.

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Tabatabaei

Tabatabaei (طباطبائي, Ṭabāṭabāʾī; طباطبایی, Ṭabâṭabâyī) (also spelled Tabatabai, Tabatabaee, Tabatabaie, Tabatabaeyan) is a surname of Arab origin.

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Tajikistan

Tajikistan (or; Тоҷикистон), officially the Republic of Tajikistan (Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Jumhuriyi Tojikiston), is a mountainous, landlocked country in Central Asia with an estimated population of million people as of, and an area of.

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Tajuddin Muhammad Badruddin

Syed Mohammad Baba Tajuddin known Tajuddin Baba (January 27, 1861 – August 17, 1925) was an Indian Muslim Sufi master (Qutub).

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Taluqdar

The Taluqdars or Talukders (تعلقدار, तालुक़दार, তালুকদার, তালুকদাৰ) (from Arabic ta'alluq, "attachment " + dar "land owner"), were aristocrats who formed the ruling class during the Mughal Empire and British times.

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Tamil Nadu

Tamil Nadu (• tamiḻ nāḍu ? literally 'The Land of Tamils' or 'Tamil Country') is one of the 29 states of India.

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Tarim, Yemen

Tarim (تريم tarīm) is a historic town situated in the Hadhramaut Valley of South Yemen, South Arabia.

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Termez

Termez (Termiz/Термиз; Термез; Тирмиз; ترمذ Termez, Tirmiz; ترمذ Tirmidh) is a city in the southernmost part of Uzbekistan near the Hairatan border crossing of Afghanistan.

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Thakot

Thakot or Takot (تھاکوٹ; تاکوټ) is a tribal town on the Indus River in Battagram District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

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Thangal

Thangals are the various Muslim communities of Yemeni Arab origin found scattered and isolated in the state of Kerala, India.

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The Twelve Imams

The Twelve Imams are the spiritual and political successors to the Islamic prophet Muhammad in the Twelver or Athnā‘ashariyyah branch of Shia Islam, including that of the Alawite and the Alevi sects.

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Topkapı Palace

The Topkapı Palace (Topkapı Sarayı or in طوپقپو سرايى, Ṭopḳapu Sarāyı), or the Seraglio, is a large museum in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Tudor Parfitt

Tudor Vernon Parfitt (born 10 October 1944), Encyclopedia.com is a British historian, writer, broadcaster, traveller and adventurer.

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Turban

A turban (from Persian دولبند‌, dulband; via Middle French turbant) is a type of headwear based on cloth winding.

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Turkestan

Turkestan, also spelt Turkistan (literally "Land of the Turks" in Persian), refers to an area in Central Asia between Siberia to the north and Tibet, India and Afghanistan to the south, the Caspian Sea to the west and the Gobi Desert to the east.

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Turkic peoples

The Turkic peoples are a collection of ethno-linguistic groups of Central, Eastern, Northern and Western Asia as well as parts of Europe and North Africa.

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Twelver

Twelver (translit; شیعه دوازده‌امامی) or Imamiyyah (إمامية) is the largest branch of Shia Islam.

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Ulama

The Arabic term ulama (علماء., singular عالِم, "scholar", literally "the learned ones", also spelled ulema; feminine: alimah and uluma), according to the Encyclopedia of Islam (2000), in its original meaning "denotes scholars of almost all disciplines".

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Umayyad Caliphate

The Umayyad Caliphate (ٱلْخِلافَةُ ٱلأُمَوِيَّة, trans. Al-Khilāfatu al-ʾUmawiyyah), also spelt, was the second of the four major caliphates established after the death of Muhammad.

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Umm ul-Banin

Fāṭimah bint Ḥuzam al-Kulābīyya (فاطمة بنت حزام الكلابية - died 64 A.H. (683/684) or 69 A.H. (688/689)), commonly known as Umm ul-Banin ("mother of several sons"), was from the tribe of Banu Kilab a branch of Qais Ailan tribes.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

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Upper Dir District

Upper Dir (دیر بالا) is one of the 26 districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

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Urdu

Urdu (اُردُو ALA-LC:, or Modern Standard Urdu) is a Persianised standard register of the Hindustani language.

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Uttar Pradesh

Uttar Pradesh (IAST: Uttar Pradeś) is a state in northern India.

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Wasa Dargah

Wasa Dargah is a village in Siddharthnagar District, Uttar Pradesh, India.

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Wasit, Iraq

Wasit (واسط) is a place in Wasit Governorate, south east of Kut in eastern Iraq.

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West Bengal

West Bengal (Paśchimbāṅga) is an Indian state, located in Eastern India on the Bay of Bengal.

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West Rapti River

West Rapti drains Rapti Zone in Mid-Western Region, Nepal, then Awadh and Purvanchal regions of Uttar Pradesh state, India before joining the Ghaghara -- a major left bank tributary of the Ganges known as the Karnali inside Nepal.

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Yadav

Yadav refers to a grouping of traditionally mainly non-elite, Quote: "In southern Awadh, eastern North-Western Provinces, and much of Bihar, non-labouring gentry groups lived in tightly knit enclaves among much larger populations of non-elite 'peasants' and labouring people.

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Yemen

Yemen (al-Yaman), officially known as the Republic of Yemen (al-Jumhūriyyah al-Yamaniyyah), is an Arab sovereign state in Western Asia at the southern end of the Arabian Peninsula.

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Yusufzai

The Yūsufzai, also called Yousafzai, is a tribe of Pashtun people found in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan, and in some eastern parts of Afghanistan.

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Zaidi (surname)

People with the surname Zaidi trace their origins to the Islamic Holy City of Mecca, located in present-day Saudi Arabia.

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Zaidpur

Zaidpur is a village and a nagar panchayat in Barabanki district, Uttar Pradesh, India.

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Zamindar

A zamindar in the Indian subcontinent was an aristocrat.

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Zayd ibn Ali

Zayd ibn 'Alī (زيد بن علي, also spelled Zaid, Zayyed; 695–740) was the grandson of Husayn ibn Ali, and great-grandson of Ali.

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Zaynab bint Ali

Sayyidah Zaynab bint ʿAli (الـسَّـيّـدة زَيـنـب بـنـت عـلي, Also: 'Zainab') was one of the daughters of the fourth caliph and the first Shia imam, ‘Ali and his first wife Fatimah.

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Redirects here:

Bilgrami, Descendants of Muhammad, Descendents of Muhammad, Descent from Muhammed, Gardezi Sadaat, Gardēzī Sadaat, Qabulio, Saadat-e-Bara, Sada'at, Sadaat-e-Bahra, Sadaat-e-Bilgram, Sadat Bahera, Sadat Barha, Said (honorific), Saiyed, Saiyid, Saiyid Hasan Sharfuddin Shah Wilayat Naqvi, Saiyyid, Sayd (honorific), Sayed, Sayed (honorific), Sayid, Sayid (honorific), Sayida, Sayidah, Sayyed, Sayyeda, Sayyedah, Sayyid of Gujarat, Sayyid of Uttar Pradesh, Sayyida, Sayyidah, Sayyids, Seyd, Seyed, Seyyed, Seyyedeh, Seyyid, Seyyit, Siyyid, Syed, Syed (honorific), Syeda, Syeds, سید.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayyid

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