Sedimentary rock and Sedimentary structures

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Difference between Sedimentary rock and Sedimentary structures

Sedimentary rock vs. Sedimentary structures

Sedimentary rocks are types of rock that are formed by the deposition and subsequent cementation of that material at the Earth's surface and within bodies of water. Sedimentary structures are those structures formed during sediment deposition.

Bed (geology)

Salto del Fraile Formation, Peru. Beds are the layers of sedimentary rocks that are distinctly different from overlying and underlying subsequent beds of different sedimentary rocks.

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Bedform

A bedform is a feature that develops at the interface of fluid and a moveable bed, the result of bed material being moved by fluid flow.

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Bioturbation

Bioturbation is defined as the reworking of soils and sediments by animals or plants.

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Burrow

A burrow is a hole or tunnel excavated into the ground by an animal to create a space suitable for habitation, temporary refuge, or as a byproduct of locomotion.

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Clastic dike

A clastic dike is a seam of sedimentary material that fills an open fracture in and cuts across sedimentary rock strata or layering in other rock types.

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Cross-bedding

In geology, cross-bedding is layering within a stratum and at an angle to the main bedding plane.

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Deposition (geology)

Deposition is the geological process in which sediments, soil and rocks are added to a landform or land mass.

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Depositional environment

In geology, depositional environment or sedimentary environment describes the combination of physical, chemical and biological processes associated with the deposition of a particular type of sediment and, therefore, the rock types that will be formed after lithification, if the sediment is preserved in the rock record.

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Flame structure

A flame structure is a type of soft-sediment deformation that forms in unconsolidated sediments.

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Graded bedding

In geology, a graded bed is one characterized by a systematic change in grain or clast size from one side of the bed to the other.

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Load cast

Load casts are bulges, lumps, and lobes that can form on the bedding planes that separate the layers of sedimentary rocks.

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Mudcrack

Mudcracks (also known as desiccation cracks, mud cracks or cracked mud) are sedimentary structures formed as muddy sediment dries and contracts.

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Ripple marks

In geology, ripple marks are sedimentary structures (i.e. bedforms of the lower flow regime) and indicate agitation by water (current or waves) or wind.

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Sediment

Sediment is a naturally occurring material that is broken down by processes of weathering and erosion, and is subsequently transported by the action of wind, water, or ice, and/or by the force of gravity acting on the particles.

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Stratum

In geology and related fields, a stratum (plural: strata) is a layer of sedimentary rock or soil, or igneous rock that were formed at the Earth's surface, with internally consistent characteristics that distinguish it from other layers.

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Trace fossil

A trace fossil, also ichnofossil (ιχνος ikhnos "trace, track"), is a geological record of biological activity.

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Turbidite

A turbidite is the geologic deposit of a turbidity current, which is a type of sediment gravity flow responsible for distributing vast amounts of clastic sediment into the deep ocean.

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Way up structure

A way up structure, way up criterion, or geopetal indicator is a characteristic relationship observed in a sedimentary or volcanic rock, or sequence of rocks, that makes it possible to determine whether they are the right way up (i.e. in the attitude in which they were originally deposited, also known as "stratigraphic up") or have been overturned by subsequent deformation.

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