Table of Contents
81 relations: Alexander Schmidt (physiologist), Antibody, Anticoagulant, Antiphospholipid syndrome, Antithrombin, Aqueous solution, Arginine, Artery, Autoimmune disease, Beta barrel, Bovinae, Brain ischemia, Carboxyglutamic acid, Cerastocytin, Cornelis Adrianus Pekelharing, Crohn's disease, Dalton (unit), Direct thrombin inhibitor, Endothelium, Factor V, Factor VIII, Factor X, Factor XI, Factor XIII, Fibrin, Fibrin glue, Fibrinogen, Fibrinogen alpha chain, Fibrinogen beta chain, Fibrinopeptide, Fresh frozen plasma, Fusion protein, Gla domain, Glutamic acid, Glycine, Hemostasis, Heparin, Hyperprothrombinemia, Hypoprothrombinemia, Infarction, Inflammatory bowel disease, Intracranial aneurysm, Iron oxide, Kringle domain, Lupus anticoagulant, MEROPS, Mitogen, PA clan of proteases, Pig, Platelet, ... Expand index (31 more) »
- Acute-phase proteins
Alexander Schmidt (physiologist)
Hermann Adolf Alexander Schmidt (–) was a Baltic German physiologist from what was then the Governorate of Livonia in the Russian Empire.
See Thrombin and Alexander Schmidt (physiologist)
Antibody
An antibody (Ab) is the secreted form of a B cell receptor; the term immunoglobulin (Ig) can refer to either the membrane-bound form or the secreted form of the B cell receptor, but they are, broadly speaking, the same protein, and so the terms are often treated as synonymous.
Anticoagulant
An anticoagulant, commonly known as a blood thinner, is a chemical substance that prevents or reduces the coagulation of blood, prolonging the clotting time.
See Thrombin and Anticoagulant
Antiphospholipid syndrome
Antiphospholipid syndrome, or antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS or APLS), is an autoimmune, hypercoagulable state caused by antiphospholipid antibodies.
See Thrombin and Antiphospholipid syndrome
Antithrombin
Antithrombin (AT) is a small glycoprotein that inactivates several enzymes of the coagulation system. Thrombin and Antithrombin are coagulation system.
Aqueous solution
An aqueous solution is a solution in which the solvent is water.
See Thrombin and Aqueous solution
Arginine
Arginine is the amino acid with the formula (H2N)(HN)CN(H)(CH2)3CH(NH2)CO2H.
Artery
An artery is a blood vessel in humans and most other animals that takes oxygenated blood away from the heart in the systemic circulation to one or more parts of the body.
Autoimmune disease
An autoimmune disease is a condition that results from an anomalous response of the adaptive immune system, wherein it mistakenly targets and attacks healthy, functioning parts of the body as if they were foreign organisms.
See Thrombin and Autoimmune disease
Beta barrel
In protein structures, a beta barrel (β barrel) is a beta sheet (β sheet) composed of tandem repeats that twists and coils to form a closed toroidal structure in which the first strand is bonded to the last strand (hydrogen bond).
Bovinae
Bovines (subfamily Bovinae) comprise a diverse group of 10 genera of medium to large-sized ungulates, including cattle, bison, African buffalo, water buffalos, and the four-horned and spiral-horned antelopes.
Brain ischemia
Brain ischemia is a condition in which there is insufficient bloodflow to the brain to meet metabolic demand.
See Thrombin and Brain ischemia
Carboxyglutamic acid
Carboxyglutamic acid (or the conjugate base, carboxyglutamate), is an uncommon amino acid introduced into proteins by a post-translational carboxylation of glutamic acid residues.
See Thrombin and Carboxyglutamic acid
Cerastocytin
Cerastocytin is a thrombin-like serine protease in snake venom.
Cornelis Adrianus Pekelharing
Cornelis Adrianus Pekelharing (19 July 1848 – 18 September 1922) was a Dutch physiologist who worked extensively on problems relating to nutrition and human metabolism.
See Thrombin and Cornelis Adrianus Pekelharing
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that may affect any segment of the gastrointestinal tract.
See Thrombin and Crohn's disease
Dalton (unit)
The dalton or unified atomic mass unit (symbols: Da or u) is a non-SI unit of mass defined as of the mass of an unbound neutral atom of carbon-12 in its nuclear and electronic ground state and at rest.
See Thrombin and Dalton (unit)
Direct thrombin inhibitor
Direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) are a class of medication that act as anticoagulants (delaying blood clotting) by directly inhibiting the enzyme thrombin (factor IIa).
See Thrombin and Direct thrombin inhibitor
Endothelium
The endothelium (endothelia) is a single layer of squamous endothelial cells that line the interior surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels.
Factor V
Coagulation factor V (Factor V), also less commonly known as proaccelerin or labile factor, is a protein involved in coagulation, encoded, in humans, by F5 gene. Thrombin and factor V are coagulation system.
Factor VIII
Coagulation factor VIII (Factor VIII, FVIII, also known as anti-hemophilic factor (AHF)) is an essential blood clotting protein. Thrombin and factor VIII are Acute-phase proteins, coagulation system and Drugs developed by Pfizer.
Factor X
Coagulation factor X, or Stuart factor, is an enzyme of the coagulation cascade, encoded in humans by F10 gene. Thrombin and factor X are coagulation system and eC 3.4.21.
Factor XI
Factor XI, or plasma thromboplastin antecedent, is the zymogen form of factor XIa, one of the enzymes involved in coagulation. Thrombin and factor XI are coagulation system and eC 3.4.21.
Factor XIII
Factor XIII, or fibrin stabilizing factor, is a plasma protein and zymogen. Thrombin and factor XIII are coagulation system.
Fibrin
Fibrin (also called Factor Ia) is a fibrous, non-globular protein involved in the clotting of blood. Thrombin and Fibrin are Acute-phase proteins and coagulation system.
Fibrin glue
Fibrin glue (also called fibrin sealant) is a surgical formulation used to create a fibrin clot for hemostasis, cartilage repair surgeries or wound healing.
Fibrinogen
Fibrinogen (coagulation factor I) is a glycoprotein complex, produced in the liver, that circulates in the blood of all vertebrates. Thrombin and Fibrinogen are Acute-phase proteins and coagulation system.
Fibrinogen alpha chain
Fibrinogen alpha chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGA gene.
See Thrombin and Fibrinogen alpha chain
Fibrinogen beta chain
Fibrinogen beta chain, also known as FGB, is a gene found in humans and most other vertebrates with a similar system of blood coagulation.
See Thrombin and Fibrinogen beta chain
Fibrinopeptide
The fibrinopeptides, fibrinopeptide A (FpA) and fibrinopeptide B (FpB), are peptides which are located in the central region of the fibrous glycoprotein fibrinogen (factor I) and are cleaved by the enzyme thrombin (factor IIa) to convert fibrinogen into covalently-linked fibrin (factor IA) monomers. Thrombin and fibrinopeptide are coagulation system.
See Thrombin and Fibrinopeptide
Fresh frozen plasma
Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) is a blood product made from the liquid portion of whole blood.
See Thrombin and Fresh frozen plasma
Fusion protein
Fusion proteins or chimeric (kī-ˈmir-ik) proteins (literally, made of parts from different sources) are proteins created through the joining of two or more genes that originally coded for separate proteins.
See Thrombin and Fusion protein
Gla domain
Vitamin K-dependent carboxylation/gamma-carboxyglutamic (GLA) domain is a protein domain that contains post-translational modifications of many glutamate residues by vitamin K-dependent carboxylation to form γ-carboxyglutamate (Gla). Thrombin and gla domain are Peripheral membrane proteins.
Glutamic acid
Glutamic acid (symbol Glu or E; the anionic form is known as glutamate) is an α-amino acid that is used by almost all living beings in the biosynthesis of proteins.
See Thrombin and Glutamic acid
Glycine
Glycine (symbol Gly or G) is an amino acid that has a single hydrogen atom as its side chain.
Hemostasis
In biology, hemostasis or haemostasis is a process to prevent and stop bleeding, meaning to keep blood within a damaged blood vessel (the opposite of hemostasis is hemorrhage). Thrombin and hemostasis are coagulation system.
Heparin
Heparin, also known as unfractionated heparin (UFH), is a medication and naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan.
Hyperprothrombinemia
Hyperprothrombinemia is a state of high of prothrombin levels in the blood which leads to hypercoagulability.
See Thrombin and Hyperprothrombinemia
Hypoprothrombinemia
Hypoprothrombinemia is a rare blood disorder in which a deficiency in immunoreactive prothrombin (Factor II), produced in the liver, results in an impaired blood clotting reaction, leading to an increased physiological risk for spontaneous bleeding.
See Thrombin and Hypoprothrombinemia
Infarction
Infarction is tissue death (necrosis) due to inadequate blood supply to the affected area.
Inflammatory bowel disease
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of inflammatory conditions of the colon and small intestine, with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (UC) being the principal types.
See Thrombin and Inflammatory bowel disease
Intracranial aneurysm
An intracranial aneurysm, also known as a cerebral aneurysm, is a cerebrovascular disorder in which weakness in the wall of a cerebral artery or vein causes a localized dilation or ballooning of the blood vessel.
See Thrombin and Intracranial aneurysm
Iron oxide
Iron oxides are chemical compounds composed of iron and oxygen.
Kringle domain
Kringle domains are autonomous protein domains that fold into large loops stabilized by 3 disulfide linkages. Thrombin and Kringle domain are Peripheral membrane proteins.
See Thrombin and Kringle domain
Lupus anticoagulant
Lupus anticoagulant is an immunoglobulin that binds to phospholipids and proteins associated with the cell membrane. Thrombin and Lupus anticoagulant are coagulation system.
See Thrombin and Lupus anticoagulant
MEROPS
MEROPS is an online database for peptidases (also known as proteases, proteinases and proteolytic enzymes) and their inhibitors.
Mitogen
A mitogen is a small bioactive protein or peptide that induces a cell to begin cell division, or enhances the rate of division (mitosis).
PA clan of proteases
The PA clan ('''P'''roteases of mixed nucleophile, superfamily A) is the largest group of proteases with common ancestry as identified by structural homology.
See Thrombin and PA clan of proteases
Pig
The pig (Sus domesticus), also called swine (swine) or hog, is an omnivorous, domesticated, even-toed, hoofed mammal.
See Thrombin and Pig
Platelet
Platelets or thrombocytes are a blood component whose function (along with the coagulation factors) is to react to bleeding from blood vessel injury by clumping, thereby initiating a blood clot. Thrombin and Platelet are coagulation system.
Protease-activated receptor
Protease-activated receptors (PAR) are a subfamily of related G protein-coupled receptors that are activated by cleavage of part of their extracellular domain.
See Thrombin and Protease-activated receptor
Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues.
Protein C
Protein C, also known as autoprothrombin IIA and blood coagulation factor XIV, is a zymogen, that is, an inactive enzyme. Thrombin and Protein C are coagulation system, eC 3.4.21 and Peripheral membrane proteins.
Protein S
Protein S (also known as PROS) is a vitamin K-dependent plasma glycoprotein synthesized in the liver. Thrombin and Protein S are coagulation system.
Protein tag
Protein tags are peptide sequences genetically grafted onto a recombinant protein.
Protein–protein interaction
Protein–protein interactions (PPIs) are physical contacts of high specificity established between two or more protein molecules as a result of biochemical events steered by interactions that include electrostatic forces, hydrogen bonding and the hydrophobic effect.
See Thrombin and Protein–protein interaction
Proteolysis
Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids.
Prothrombin complex concentrate
Prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC), also known as factor IX complex, sold under the brand name Kcentra among others, is a combination medication made up of blood clotting factors II, IX, and X(3-factor PCC) or, when also containing factor VII as does Kcentra, 4-factor PCC. It is used to treat and prevent bleeding in hemophilia B if pure factor IX is not available. Thrombin and Prothrombin complex concentrate are coagulation system.
See Thrombin and Prothrombin complex concentrate
Prothrombin G20210A
Prothrombin G20210A is a genetic condition that increases the risk of blood clots including from deep vein thrombosis, and of pulmonary embolism.
See Thrombin and Prothrombin G20210A
Prothrombinase
The prothrombinase enzyme complex consists of factor Xa (a serine protease) and factor Va (a protein cofactor). Thrombin and prothrombinase are coagulation system.
See Thrombin and Prothrombinase
Serine protease
Serine proteases (or serine endopeptidases) are enzymes that cleave peptide bonds in proteins. Thrombin and serine protease are eC 3.4.21.
See Thrombin and Serine protease
Serpin
Serpins are a superfamily of proteins with similar structures that were first identified for their protease inhibition activity and are found in all kingdoms of life.
Stroke
Stroke (also known as a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or brain attack) is a medical condition in which poor blood flow to the brain causes cell death.
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is bleeding into the subarachnoid space—the area between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater surrounding the brain.
See Thrombin and Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Swedish Consumers' Association
The Swedish Consumers' Association (Swedish: Sveriges Konsumenter) is a collaborative consumer organization based in Sweden that works for consumers' interests through increased consumer power.
See Thrombin and Swedish Consumers' Association
The Proteolysis Map
The Proteolysis MAP (PMAP) was an integrated web resource focused on proteases. Thrombin and The Proteolysis Map are Peripheral membrane proteins.
See Thrombin and The Proteolysis Map
Thrombin
Prothrombin (Coagulation factor II) is encoded in the human by the F2 gene. Thrombin and Thrombin are Acute-phase proteins, coagulation system, Drugs developed by Pfizer, eC 3.4.21, genes on human chromosome 11 and Peripheral membrane proteins.
Thrombin generation assay
A thrombin generation assay (TGA) or thrombin generation test (TGT) is a global coagulation assay (GCA) and type of coagulation test which can be used to assess coagulation and thrombotic risk. Thrombin and thrombin generation assay are coagulation system.
See Thrombin and Thrombin generation assay
Thrombomodulin
Thrombomodulin (TM), CD141 or BDCA-3 is an integral membrane protein expressed on the surface of endothelial cells and serves as a cofactor for thrombin. Thrombin and Thrombomodulin are coagulation system.
See Thrombin and Thrombomodulin
Thrombosis
Thrombosis is the formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel, obstructing the flow of blood through the circulatory system.
Thrombus
A thrombus (thrombi), colloquially called a blood clot, is the final product of the blood coagulation step in hemostasis.
Topical medication
A topical medication is a medication that is applied to a particular place on or in the body.
See Thrombin and Topical medication
Transglutaminase
Transglutaminases are enzymes that in nature primarily catalyze the formation of an isopeptide bond between γ-carboxamide groups (-(C.
See Thrombin and Transglutaminase
Trypsin
Trypsin is an enzyme in the first section of the small intestine that starts the digestion of protein molecules by cutting long chains of amino acids into smaller pieces. Thrombin and Trypsin are eC 3.4.21.
Ulcerative colitis
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the two types of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with the other type being Crohn's disease.
See Thrombin and Ulcerative colitis
Urine
Urine is a liquid by-product of metabolism in humans and in many other animals.
Vasoconstriction
Vasoconstriction is the narrowing of the blood vessels resulting from contraction of the muscular wall of the vessels, in particular the large arteries and small arterioles.
See Thrombin and Vasoconstriction
Vasospasm
Vasospasm refers to a condition in which an arterial spasm leads to vasoconstriction.
Vitamin K
Vitamin K is a family of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamers found in foods and marketed as dietary supplements.
Warfarin
Warfarin is an anticoagulant used as a medication under several brand names including Coumadin.
Zygosity
Zygosity (the noun, zygote, is from the Greek "yoked," from "yoke") is the degree to which both copies of a chromosome or gene have the same genetic sequence.
See also
Acute-phase proteins
- Acute-phase protein
- Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin
- Alpha-1 antitrypsin
- Alpha-2-Macroglobulin
- C-reactive protein
- Ceruloplasmin
- Complement system
- Factor VIII
- Ferritin
- Fibrin
- Fibrinogen
- Lipopolysaccharide binding protein
- Orosomucoid
- Plasmin
- Serum amyloid A
- Serum amyloid P component
- Thrombin
References
Also known as ATC code B02BC06, ATC code B02BD30, ATCvet code QB02BC06, ATCvet code QB02BD30, Activated blood-coagulation factor II, Beta-thrombin, Blood-coagulation factor IIa, Coagulation factor 2, Coagulation factor II, Dysprothrombinemia, E thrombin, EC 3.4.21.5, F2 (gene), F2 gene, Factor 2, Factor II, Factor II deficiency, Factor IIa, Fibrimex, Fibrinogenase, Gamma-thrombin, Prothrombin, Prothrombin g20210a mutation, Receptors, thrombin, Thrombase, Thrombin generation, Thrombin-C, Thrombinogen, Thrombofort, Thrombogen, Tropostasin.