Transcription (biology) and Transcription factor II B

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Difference between Transcription (biology) and Transcription factor II B

Transcription (biology) vs. Transcription factor II B

Transcription is the first step of gene expression, in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA (especially mRNA) by the enzyme RNA polymerase. Transcription factor II B (TFIIB) is a general transcription factor that is involved in the formation of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) and aids in stimulating transcription initiation.

Abortive initiation

Abortive initiation, also known as abortive transcription, is an early process of genetic transcription in which RNA polymerase binds to a DNA promoter and enters into cycles of synthesis of short mRNA transcripts which are released before the transcription complex leaves the promoter.

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Archaeal transcription factor B

Archaeal transcription factor B (ATFB or TFB) (homologous to eukaryotic TFIIB, and more distantly to bacterial sigma factor) is a polypeptide important in archaeal transcription.

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Bacteria

Bacteria (common noun bacteria, singular bacterium) is a type of biological cell.

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Cell nucleus

In cell biology, the nucleus (pl. nuclei; from Latin nucleus or nuculeus, meaning kernel or seed) is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells.

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DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a thread-like chain of nucleotides carrying the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses.

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Hydrogen bond

A hydrogen bond is a partially electrostatic attraction between a hydrogen (H) which is bound to a more electronegative atom such as nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), or fluorine (F), and another adjacent atom bearing a lone pair of electrons.

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In vitro

In vitro (meaning: in the glass) studies are performed with microorganisms, cells, or biological molecules outside their normal biological context.

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Nucleoside triphosphate

A nucleoside triphosphate is a molecule containing a nitrogenous base bound to a 5-carbon sugar (either ribose or deoxyribose), with three phosphate groups bound to the sugar.

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Peptide

Peptides (from Gr.: πεπτός, peptós "digested"; derived from πέσσειν, péssein "to digest") are short chains of amino acid monomers linked by peptide (amide) bonds.

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Polyadenylation

Polyadenylation is the addition of a poly(A) tail to a messenger RNA.

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Promoter (genetics)

In genetics, a promoter is a region of DNA that initiates transcription of a particular gene.

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RNA polymerase II

RNA polymerase II (RNAP II and Pol II) is a multiprotein complex.

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Sigma factor

A sigma factor (σ factor) is a protein needed only for initiation of transcription.

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TATA-binding protein

The TATA-binding protein (TBP) is a general transcription factor that binds specifically to a DNA sequence called the TATA box.

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Transcription (biology)

Transcription is the first step of gene expression, in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA (especially mRNA) by the enzyme RNA polymerase.

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Transcription factor II D

Transcription factor II D (TFIID) is one of several general transcription factors that make up the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex.

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Transcription factor II F

Transcription factor IIF (TFIIF) is one of several general transcription factors that make up the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex.

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Transcription factor II H

Transcription factor II Human (Transcription Factor II H; TFIIH) is an important protein complex, having roles in transcription of various protein-coding genes and DNA nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathways.

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Viral replication

Viral replication is the formation of biological viruses during the infection process in the target host cells.

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