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Tulsidas

Index Tulsidas

Tulsidas (Hindi: तुलसीदास;, also known as Goswami Tulsidas (गोस्वामी तुलसीदास); 1511–1623) was a realized soul and saint, poet, often called reformer and philosopher from Ramanandi Sampradaya, in the lineage of Jagadguru Ramanandacharya renowned for his devotion to the Lord Shri Rama. [1]

192 relations: Aarti, Abdul Rahim Khan-I-Khana, Adhyatma Ramayana, Adi Shankara, Advaita Vedanta, Agrahayana, Akbar, Allahabad, Annapurna Devi Mata, Assi Ghat, Avatar, Avidya (Hinduism), Awadh, Awadhi language, Ayodhya, Badrinath, Banda, Uttar Pradesh, Basil, Bhagavad Gita, Bhaktamal, Bhakti, Bhakti movement, Bharadwaja, Bhavishya Purana, Brahmacharya, Brahman, Brahmin, Braj Bhasha, Chaitra, Char Dham, Chaupai (poetry), Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, Chudakarana, Darśana, Dasharatha, Dashavatara, Devanagari, Dharma, Doha (Indian literature), Doha (poetry), Draupadi, Dwarka, Ernest Wood, Fakir, Fatehpur Sikri, Firman, Ganges, Garuda, Gautama Buddha, George Abraham Grierson, ..., Goswami, Gotra, Government of India, Grihastha, Hafiz (Quran), Hanuman, Hanuman Chalisa, Hanuman Prasad Poddar, Haridwar, Hazari Prasad Dwivedi, Himalayas, Hindi, Hindi literature, Hindu calendar, Hindu philosophy, Hindustani classical music, Homer, Hora (astrology), Horace Hayman Wilson, Hunterian transliteration, Iṣṭa-devatā (Hinduism), India, Indian literature, Jiva, Jnana, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Jyeshtha (month), Jyotisha, Kabir, Kali Yuga, Kanyakubja Brahmin, Karma, Kasganj, Kasganj district, Kashi Vishwanath Temple, Kaushambi district, Kālidāsa, Krishna, Kumbh Mela, Lake Manasarovar, Lakshmana, Lila (Hinduism), Lucknow, Madhusūdana Sarasvatī, Magha (month), Mahadevi Varma, Mahant, Mahatma Gandhi, Mahātmā, Maya (religion), Mughal Empire, Navaratnas, Ocimum tenuiflorum, Paksha, Pancharatra, Para Brahman, Parashar, Parikrama, Parvati, Preta, Puja (Hinduism), Puranas, Puri, Quran, Rabindranath Tagore, Raga, Rajkamal Prakashan, Ralph T. H. Griffith, Rama, Rama Navami, Ramananda, Ramanandi Sampradaya, Ramanuja, Ramayana, Rambhadracharya, Ramchandra Shukla, Ramcharitmanas, Rameswaram, Ramlila, Rasa lila, Ravana, Raymond Allchin, Sadhu, Saguna brahman, Samadhi, Samavartanam, Samaveda, Sanadhya Brahmin, Sankat Mochan Hanuman Temple, Sanskara (rite of passage), Sanskrit, Sanskrit compound, Sant (religion), Saptami, Saryupareen Brahmin, Schwa deletion in Indo-Aryan languages, Shatarupa, Shiva, Shraavana, Shraddhadeva Manu, Shri Ramachandra Kripalu, Sita, Sivananda Saraswati, Smriti, Soron, Sri Venkateswar Steam Press, Sundara Kanda, Surdas, Suryakant Tripathi 'Nirala', Tantra, Thumak Chalat Ram Chandra, Tibet, Tilaka, Todar Mal, Tulsi Ghat, Tulsi Peeth, Turiya, Uddhava, Upanayana, Uttar Pradesh, Vairagya, Vaishnavism, Valmiki, Varaha, Varanasi, Vedanga, Vedanta, Vedas, Vibhu, Vikram Samvat, Vinaya Patrika, Vincent Arthur Smith, Vishishtadvaita, Vishnu, Vivaah, Vivaha Panchami, Vyasa, Vyākaraṇa, William Shakespeare, World literature, Yajnavalkya, Yuga. Expand index (142 more) »

Aarti

Aarti also spelled arti, arati, arathi, aarthi (In Devanagari: आरती) is a Hindu religious ritual of worship, a part of puja, in which light from wicks soaked in ghee (purified butter) or camphor is offered to one or more deities.

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Abdul Rahim Khan-I-Khana

Khanzada Mirza Khan Abdul Rahim Khan-e-Khana (17 December 1556 – 1627) (Urdu), also known as Rahim was a poet who lived during the rule of Mughal emperor Akbar.

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Adhyatma Ramayana

Adhyatma Ramayana (Devanāgarī: अध्यात्म रामायण, literally "Spiritual Ramayana") is a medieval Sanskrit text extolling the spiritualism in the story of Ramayana.

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Adi Shankara

Adi Shankara (pronounced) or Shankara, was an early 8th century Indian philosopher and theologian who consolidated the doctrine of Advaita Vedanta.

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Advaita Vedanta

Advaita Vedanta (अद्वैत वेदान्त, IAST:, literally, "not-two"), originally known as Puruṣavāda, is a school of Hindu philosophy and religious practice, and one of the classic Indian paths to spiritual realization.

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Agrahayana

Agrahāyaṇa or Mārgaśīrṣa, (Hindi: अगहन - agahana; मार्गशीर्ष - Mārgaśirṣa) is a month of the Hindu calendar.

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Akbar

Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar (15 October 1542– 27 October 1605), popularly known as Akbar I, was the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605.

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Allahabad

Prayag, or Allahabad is a large metropolitan city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and the administrative headquarters of Allahabad District, the most populous district in the state and 13th most populous district in India, and the Allahabad Division.

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Annapurna Devi Mata

Annapurna (Sanskrit: अन्नपूर्णा, IAST: Annapūrṇa, lit. filled with or possessed of food) is the goddess of food and nourishment in Hinduism.

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Assi Ghat

Assi Ghat is the southernmost ghat in Varanasi.

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Avatar

An avatar (Sanskrit: अवतार, IAST), a concept in Hinduism that means "descent", refers to the material appearance or incarnation of a deity on earth.

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Avidya (Hinduism)

Avidyā is a Sanskrit word whose literal meaning is ignorance, misconceptions, misunderstandings, incorrect knowledge, and it is the opposite of Vidya.

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Awadh

Awadh (Hindi: अवध, اوَدھ),, known in British historical texts as Avadh or Oudh, is a region in the modern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh (before independence known as the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh) and a small area of Nepal's Province No. 5.

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Awadhi language

Awadhi (Devanagari: अवधी) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken primarily in the Awadh region of Uttar Pradesh and Terai belt of Nepal.

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Ayodhya

Ayodhya (IAST Ayodhyā), also known as Saketa, is an ancient city of India, believed to be the birthplace of Rama and setting of the epic Ramayana.

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Badrinath

Badrinath is a holy town and a nagar panchayat in Chamoli district in the state of Uttarakhand, India.

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Banda, Uttar Pradesh

Banda is a city and a municipal board in Banda district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.

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Basil

Basil (Ocimum basilicum), also called great basil or Saint-Joseph's-wort, is a culinary herb of the family Lamiaceae (mints).

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Bhagavad Gita

The Bhagavad Gita (भगवद्गीता, in IAST,, lit. "The Song of God"), often referred to as the Gita, is a 700 verse Hindu scripture in Sanskrit that is part of the Hindu epic Mahabharata (chapters 23–40 of the 6th book of Mahabharata).

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Bhaktamal

Bhaktamal is a poem in the Braja language that gives short biographies of more than two-hundred Bhaktas.

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Bhakti

Bhakti (भक्ति) literally means "attachment, participation, fondness for, homage, faith, love, devotion, worship, purity".

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Bhakti movement

The Bhakti movement refers to the theistic devotional trend that emerged in medieval Hinduism and later revolutionised in Sikhism.

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Bharadwaja

Bharadwaja, also referred to as Bharadvaja (IAST: Bharadvāja) or Bharadvaja Bṛhaspatya, was one of the revered Vedic sages (rishi) in Ancient India, who was a renowned scholar, economist and an eminent physician.

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Bhavishya Purana

The Bhavishya Purana is one of the eighteen major works in the Purana genre of Hinduism, written in Sanskrit.

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Brahmacharya

Brahmacharya (Devanagari: ब्रह्मचर्य) is a concept within Indian religions that literally means "going after Brahman".

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Brahman

In Hinduism, Brahman connotes the highest Universal Principle, the Ultimate Reality in the universe.P. T. Raju (2006), Idealistic Thought of India, Routledge,, page 426 and Conclusion chapter part XII In major schools of Hindu philosophy, it is the material, efficient, formal and final cause of all that exists.For dualism school of Hinduism, see: Francis X. Clooney (2010), Hindu God, Christian God: How Reason Helps Break Down the Boundaries between Religions, Oxford University Press,, pages 51–58, 111–115;For monist school of Hinduism, see: B. Martinez-Bedard (2006), Types of Causes in Aristotle and Sankara, Thesis – Department of Religious Studies (Advisors: Kathryn McClymond and Sandra Dwyer), Georgia State University, pages 18–35 It is the pervasive, genderless, infinite, eternal truth and bliss which does not change, yet is the cause of all changes. Brahman as a metaphysical concept is the single binding unity behind diversity in all that exists in the universe. Brahman is a Vedic Sanskrit word, and it is conceptualized in Hinduism, states Paul Deussen, as the "creative principle which lies realized in the whole world". Brahman is a key concept found in the Vedas, and it is extensively discussed in the early Upanishads.Stephen Philips (1998), Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Brahman to Derrida (Editor; Edward Craig), Routledge,, pages 1–4 The Vedas conceptualize Brahman as the Cosmic Principle. In the Upanishads, it has been variously described as Sat-cit-ānanda (truth-consciousness-bliss) and as the unchanging, permanent, highest reality. Brahman is discussed in Hindu texts with the concept of Atman (Soul, Self), personal, impersonal or Para Brahman, or in various combinations of these qualities depending on the philosophical school. In dualistic schools of Hinduism such as the theistic Dvaita Vedanta, Brahman is different from Atman (soul) in each being.Michael Myers (2000), Brahman: A Comparative Theology, Routledge,, pages 124–127 In non-dual schools such as the Advaita Vedanta, Brahman is identical to the Atman, is everywhere and inside each living being, and there is connected spiritual oneness in all existence.Arvind Sharma (2007), Advaita Vedānta: An Introduction, Motilal Banarsidass,, pages 19–40, 53–58, 79–86.

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Brahmin

Brahmin (Sanskrit: ब्राह्मण) is a varna (class) in Hinduism specialising as priests, teachers (acharya) and protectors of sacred learning across generations.

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Braj Bhasha

Braj Bhāshā is a Western Hindi language.

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Chaitra

Chaitra is a month of the Hindu calendar.

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Char Dham

The Char Dham ("four abodes") is a set of four pilgrimage sites in India.

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Chaupai (poetry)

A chaupai (चौपाई) is a quatrain verse of Indian poetry, especially medieval Hindi poetry, that uses a metre of four syllables.

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Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh

Chitrakoot is a town and a nagar panchayat in the Satna district in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India.

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Chudakarana

The Chudakarana (चूड़ाकरण, lit, arrangement of the hair tuft) or the Mundana (Sanskrit: मुण्डन, lit. tonsure), is the eighth of the sixteen Hindu saṃskāras (sacraments), in which a child receives their first haircut.

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Darśana

Darśana (Sanskrit: दर्शन, lit. view, sight) is the auspicious sight of a deity or a holy person.

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Dasharatha

Dasharatha (Sanskrit: दशरथ, IAST Daśaratha) was a descendant of the Raghuvansha-Ikshvaku-Suryavansha dynasty and the Maharaja of Ayodhya as mentioned in the Hindu epic, the Ramayana.

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Dashavatara

Dashavatara (दशावतार) refers to the ten primary avatars of Vishnu, the Hindu god of preservation.

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Devanagari

Devanagari (देवनागरी,, a compound of "''deva''" देव and "''nāgarī''" नागरी; Hindi pronunciation), also called Nagari (Nāgarī, नागरी),Kathleen Kuiper (2010), The Culture of India, New York: The Rosen Publishing Group,, page 83 is an abugida (alphasyllabary) used in India and Nepal.

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Dharma

Dharma (dharma,; dhamma, translit. dhamma) is a key concept with multiple meanings in the Indian religions – Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism.

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Doha (Indian literature)

Doha is a lyrical verse-format which was extensively used by Indian poets and bards of North India probably since the beginning of the 6th century AD.

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Doha (poetry)

Doha (Hindi: दोहा) is a form of self-contained rhyming couplet in poetry composed in Mātrika metre.

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Draupadi

Draupadi (द्रौपदी) is the most important female character in the Hindu epic, Mahabharata.

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Dwarka

Dwarka is an ancient city and a municipality of Devbhoomi Dwarka district in the state of Gujarat in northwestern India.

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Ernest Wood

Ernest Egerton Wood (18 August 1883 – 17 September 1965) was a noted English yogi, theosophist, Sanskrit scholar, and author of numerous books, including Concentration – An Approach to Meditation, Yoga and The Pinnacle of Indian Thought (1967).

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Fakir

A fakir, or faqir (فقیر (noun of faqr)), derived from faqr (فقر, "poverty") is a person who is self-sufficient and only possesses the spiritual need for God.

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Fatehpur Sikri

Fatehpur Sikri is a town in the Agra District of Uttar Pradesh, India.

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Firman

A firman (فرمان farmân), or ferman (Turkish), at the constitutional level, was a royal mandate or decree issued by a sovereign in an Islamic state, namely the Ottoman Empire.

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Ganges

The Ganges, also known as Ganga, is a trans-boundary river of Asia which flows through the nations of India and Bangladesh.

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Garuda

The Garuda is a legendary bird or bird-like creature in Hindu, Buddhist and Jain mythology.

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Gautama Buddha

Gautama Buddha (c. 563/480 – c. 483/400 BCE), also known as Siddhārtha Gautama, Shakyamuni Buddha, or simply the Buddha, after the title of Buddha, was an ascetic (śramaṇa) and sage, on whose teachings Buddhism was founded.

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George Abraham Grierson

Sir George Abraham Grierson (7 January 1851 – 9 March 1941) was an Irish administrator and linguist in British India.

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Goswami

Goswami is an Indian title and surname, which also takes the form Gossain and Gosine.

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Gotra

In Hindu society, the term gotra (Sanskrit: गोत्र) is commonly considered to be equivalent to clan.

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Government of India

The Government of India (IAST), often abbreviated as GoI, is the union government created by the constitution of India as the legislative, executive and judicial authority of the union of 29 states and seven union territories of a constitutionally democratic republic.

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Grihastha

Grihastha (Sanskrit: gr̥hastha) literally means "being in and occupied with home, family" or "householder".

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Hafiz (Quran)

Hafiz (ḥāfiẓ, حُفَّاظ, pl. ḥuffāẓ, حافظة f. ḥāfiẓa), literally meaning "guardian" or "memorizer", depending on the context, is a term used by Muslims for someone who has completely memorized the Qur'an.

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Hanuman

Hanuman (IAST: Hanumān, Sanskrit: हनुमान्) is an ardent devotee of Lord Rama and one of the central characters in the various versions of the epic Ramayana found in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia.

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Hanuman Chalisa

The Hanuman Chalisa (literally Forty chaupais on Hanuman) is a Hindu devotional hymn (stotra) addressed to Lord Hanuman.

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Hanuman Prasad Poddar

Hanuman Prasad Poddar (1892–1971) was an Indian freedom fighter, litterateur, magazine editor and philanthropist.

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Haridwar

Haridwar (pron:ˈ), also spelled Hardwar, is an ancient city and municipality in the Haridwar district of Uttarakhand, India.

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Hazari Prasad Dwivedi

Hazari Prasad Dwivedi (19 August 190719 May 1979) was a Hindi novelist, literary historian, essayist, critic and scholar.

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Himalayas

The Himalayas, or Himalaya, form a mountain range in Asia separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau.

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Hindi

Hindi (Devanagari: हिन्दी, IAST: Hindī), or Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: मानक हिन्दी, IAST: Mānak Hindī) is a standardised and Sanskritised register of the Hindustani language.

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Hindi literature

Hindi literature (हिन्दी साहित्य, Hindi Sahitya) includes literature in the various Central Zone Indo-Aryan languages which have writing systems.

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Hindu calendar

Hindu calendar is a collective term for the various lunisolar calendars traditionally used in India.

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Hindu philosophy

Hindu philosophy refers to a group of darśanas (philosophies, world views, teachings) that emerged in ancient India.

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Hindustani classical music

Hindustani classical music is the traditional music of northern areas of the Indian subcontinent, including the modern states of India, Nepal, Bangladesh and Pakistan.

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Homer

Homer (Ὅμηρος, Hómēros) is the name ascribed by the ancient Greeks to the legendary author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, two epic poems that are the central works of ancient Greek literature.

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Hora (astrology)

Horā (Sanskrit होरा, "hour", from the word ahorātra) is a branch of the traditional Indian system of astrology known as Jyotiṣa.

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Horace Hayman Wilson

Horace Hayman Wilson (26 September 1786 – 8 May 1860) was an English orientalist.

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Hunterian transliteration

The Hunterian transliteration system is the "national system of romanization in India" and the one officially adopted by the Government of India.

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Iṣṭa-devatā (Hinduism)

Ishta-Deva or Ishta Devata (Sanskrit: ईष्ट देवता,, literally "cherished divinity" from iṣṭa "desired, liked, cherished, preferred" and devatā "godhead, divinity, tutelary deity" or deva "deity") is a term denoting a worshipper's favourite deity within Hinduism.

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India

India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.

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Indian literature

Indian literature refers to the literature produced on the Indian subcontinent until 1947 and in the Republic of India thereafter.

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Jiva

In Hinduism and Jainism, a jiva (जीव,, alternative spelling jiwa; जीव,, alternative spelling jeev) is a living being, or any entity imbued with a life force.

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Jnana

In Indian philosophy and religion, jñāna (Pali: ñāṇa) or gyan/gian (Hindi: jñān) is "knowledge".

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Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (28 August 1749 – 22 March 1832) was a German writer and statesman.

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Jyeshtha (month)

Jyeshtha or Jyēṣṭha (ज्येष्ठ; जेठ jēṭ; জেঠ "zeth") is a month of the Hindu calendar.

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Jyotisha

Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, IAST: Jyotiṣa) is the science of tracking and predicting the movements of astronomical bodies in order to keep time.

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Kabir

Kabir (कबीर, IAST: Kabīr) was a 15th-century Indian mystic poet and saint, whose writings influenced Hinduism's Bhakti movement and his verses are found in Sikhism's scripture Guru Granth Sahib.

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Kali Yuga

Kali Yuga (Devanāgarī: कलियुग, lit. "age of Kali") is the last of the four stages (or ages or yugas) the world goes through as part of a 'cycle of yugas' (i.e. Mahayuga) described in the Sanskrit scriptures.

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Kanyakubja Brahmin

Kanyakubja Brahmins, also known as Kannaujia or Kanojia, are a Brahmin community found mainly in Northern India.

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Karma

Karma (karma,; italic) means action, work or deed; it also refers to the spiritual principle of cause and effect where intent and actions of an individual (cause) influence the future of that individual (effect).

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Kasganj

Kasganj is a city and the district headquarters of Kasganj district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

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Kasganj district

Kasganj district is 71st district of the Indian state Uttar Pradesh.

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Kashi Vishwanath Temple

Kashi Vishvanath Temple is one of the most famous Hindu temples dedicated to Lord Shiva.

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Kaushambi district

Kaushambi district is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state of India, and Manjhanpur town is the district headquarters.

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Kālidāsa

Kālidāsa was a Classical Sanskrit writer, widely regarded as the greatest poet and dramatist in the Sanskrit language of India.

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Krishna

Krishna (Kṛṣṇa) is a major deity in Hinduism.

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Kumbh Mela

Kumbh Mela or Kumbha Mela, inscribed on the UNESCO's Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity,, Economic Times, 7 Dec 2017.

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Lake Manasarovar

Lake Manasarovar (Chinese: -zh玛旁雍錯 (simplified), -zh瑪旁雍錯(traditional)), also called Mapam Yumtso, is a high altitude freshwater lake fed by the Kailash Glaciers near Mount Kailash in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.

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Lakshmana

Lakshmana (लक्ष्मण, IAST: lakṣmaṇa, lit. he who has the signs of fortune) also spelled as Laxman or Lakhan, is the younger brother of Rama and his aide in the Hindu epic, the Ramayana.

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Lila (Hinduism)

Lila (लीला, IAST) or Leela can be loosely translated as the "divine play".

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Lucknow

Lucknow is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and is also the administrative headquarters of the eponymous District and Division.

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Madhusūdana Sarasvatī

Madhusūdana Sarasvatī (c.1540–1640) was an Indian philosopher in the Advaita Vedānta tradition.

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Magha (month)

Maagha (Nepali: माघ maagh) is a month of the Hindu calendar.

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Mahadevi Varma

Mahadevi Verma (26 March 1907-11 September 1987) was a Hindi poet, freedom fighter and educationist from India.

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Mahant

A mahant is a religious superior, in particular the chief priest of a temple or the head of a monastery.

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Mahatma Gandhi

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was an Indian activist who was the leader of the Indian independence movement against British rule.

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Mahātmā

Mahatma is Sanskrit for "Great Soul" (महात्मा mahātmā: महा mahā (great) + आत्मं or आत्मन ātman). It is similar in usage to the modern English term saint.

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Maya (religion)

Maya (Devanagari: माया, IAST: māyā), literally "illusion" or "magic", has multiple meanings in Indian philosophies depending on the context.

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Mughal Empire

The Mughal Empire (گورکانیان, Gūrkāniyān)) or Mogul Empire was an empire in the Indian subcontinent, founded in 1526. It was established and ruled by a Muslim dynasty with Turco-Mongol Chagatai roots from Central Asia, but with significant Indian Rajput and Persian ancestry through marriage alliances; only the first two Mughal emperors were fully Central Asian, while successive emperors were of predominantly Rajput and Persian ancestry. The dynasty was Indo-Persian in culture, combining Persianate culture with local Indian cultural influences visible in its traits and customs. The Mughal Empire at its peak extended over nearly all of the Indian subcontinent and parts of Afghanistan. It was the second largest empire to have existed in the Indian subcontinent, spanning approximately four million square kilometres at its zenith, after only the Maurya Empire, which spanned approximately five million square kilometres. The Mughal Empire ushered in a period of proto-industrialization, and around the 17th century, Mughal India became the world's largest economic power, accounting for 24.4% of world GDP, and the world leader in manufacturing, producing 25% of global industrial output up until the 18th century. The Mughal Empire is considered "India's last golden age" and one of the three Islamic Gunpowder Empires (along with the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia). The beginning of the empire is conventionally dated to the victory by its founder Babur over Ibrahim Lodi, the last ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, in the First Battle of Panipat (1526). The Mughal emperors had roots in the Turco-Mongol Timurid dynasty of Central Asia, claiming direct descent from both Genghis Khan (founder of the Mongol Empire, through his son Chagatai Khan) and Timur (Turco-Mongol conqueror who founded the Timurid Empire). During the reign of Humayun, the successor of Babur, the empire was briefly interrupted by the Sur Empire. The "classic period" of the Mughal Empire started in 1556 with the ascension of Akbar the Great to the throne. Under the rule of Akbar and his son Jahangir, the region enjoyed economic progress as well as religious harmony, and the monarchs were interested in local religious and cultural traditions. Akbar was a successful warrior who also forged alliances with several Hindu Rajput kingdoms. Some Rajput kingdoms continued to pose a significant threat to the Mughal dominance of northwestern India, but most of them were subdued by Akbar. All Mughal emperors were Muslims; Akbar, however, propounded a syncretic religion in the latter part of his life called Dīn-i Ilāhī, as recorded in historical books like Ain-i-Akbari and Dabistān-i Mazāhib. The Mughal Empire did not try to intervene in the local societies during most of its existence, but rather balanced and pacified them through new administrative practices and diverse and inclusive ruling elites, leading to more systematic, centralised, and uniform rule. Traditional and newly coherent social groups in northern and western India, such as the Maratha Empire|Marathas, the Rajputs, the Pashtuns, the Hindu Jats and the Sikhs, gained military and governing ambitions during Mughal rule, which, through collaboration or adversity, gave them both recognition and military experience. The reign of Shah Jahan, the fifth emperor, between 1628 and 1658, was the zenith of Mughal architecture. He erected several large monuments, the best known of which is the Taj Mahal at Agra, as well as the Moti Masjid, Agra, the Red Fort, the Badshahi Mosque, the Jama Masjid, Delhi, and the Lahore Fort. The Mughal Empire reached the zenith of its territorial expanse during the reign of Aurangzeb and also started its terminal decline in his reign due to Maratha military resurgence under Category:History of Bengal Category:History of West Bengal Category:History of Bangladesh Category:History of Kolkata Category:Empires and kingdoms of Afghanistan Category:Medieval India Category:Historical Turkic states Category:Mongol states Category:1526 establishments in the Mughal Empire Category:1857 disestablishments in the Mughal Empire Category:History of Pakistan.

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Navaratnas

Navaratnas (Sanskrit dvigu nava-ratna- or "nine gems") or Nauratan was a term applied to a group of nine extraordinary people in an emperor's court in India.

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Ocimum tenuiflorum

Ocimum tenuiflorum (synonym Ocimum sanctum), commonly known as holy basil, tulasi (sometimes spelled thulasi) or tulsi, is an aromatic perennial plant in the family Lamiaceae.

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Paksha

Paksha (or pakṣa: पक्ष) refers to a fortnight or a lunar phase in a month of the Hindu lunar calendar.

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Pancharatra

Pancharatra (IAST: Pāñcarātra) was a religious movement in Hinduism that originated in late 1st millennium BCE around the ideas of Narayana considered as an avatar of Vishnu.

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Para Brahman

Para Brahman (Sanskrit:परब्रह्मन्) (IAST) is the "Highest Brahman" that which is beyond all descriptions and conceptualisations.

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Parashar

Parashar one of the highest Brahmin gotra found in northern India.

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Parikrama

Parikrama or Pradakshina refers to circumambulation of sacred places in Hindu, Jain or Buddhist context, and the path along which this is performed.

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Parvati

Parvati (Sanskrit: पार्वती, IAST: Pārvatī) or Uma (IAST: Umā) is the Hindu goddess of fertility, love and devotion; as well as of divine strength and power.

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Preta

Preta (Sanskrit: प्रेत) is the Sanskrit name for a type of supernatural being described in Hinduism, Buddhism, Taoism and Chinese and Vietnamese folk religion as undergoing suffering greater than that of humans, particularly an extreme level of hunger and thirst.

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Puja (Hinduism)

Pūjā or Poojan or Poosei (Thamizh) (Devanagari: पूजा) is a prayer ritual performed by Hindus of devotional worship to one or more deities, or to host and honor a guest, or one to spiritually celebrate an event.

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Puranas

The Puranas (singular: पुराण), are ancient Hindu texts eulogizing various deities, primarily the divine Trimurti God in Hinduism through divine stories.

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Puri

Puri is a city and a Municipality in the state of Odisha in eastern India.

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Quran

The Quran (القرآن, literally meaning "the recitation"; also romanized Qur'an or Koran) is the central religious text of Islam, which Muslims believe to be a revelation from God (Allah).

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Rabindranath Tagore

Rabindranath Tagore FRAS, also written Ravīndranātha Ṭhākura (7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941), sobriquet Gurudev, was a Bengali polymath who reshaped Bengali literature and music, as well as Indian art with Contextual Modernism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

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Raga

A raga or raaga (IAST: rāga; also raag or ragam; literally "coloring, tingeing, dyeing") is a melodic framework for improvisation akin to a melodic mode in Indian classical music.

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Rajkamal Prakashan

Rajkamal Prakashan is a noted publishing house of Hindi literature as well as English book publication.

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Ralph T. H. Griffith

Ralph Thomas Hotchkin Griffith (1826–1906) was an English Indologist.

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Rama

Rama or Ram (Sanskrit: राम, IAST: Rāma), also known as Ramachandra, is a major deity of Hinduism.

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Rama Navami

Rama Navami (Devanagari: राम नवमी; IAST) is a spring Hindu festival that celebrates the birthday of god Rama.

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Ramananda

Ramananda (IAST: Rāmānanda) was a 14th-century Vaishnava devotional poet sant, in the Ganga river region of Northern India.

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Ramanandi Sampradaya

The Ramanandi (IAST), also known as the Ramayats or the Ramavats (IAST), are a branch of the Vaishnava Sri Sampradaya of Hinduism.

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Ramanuja

Ramanuja (traditionally, 1017–1137 CE) was a Hindu theologian, philosopher, and one of the most important exponents of the Sri Vaishnavism tradition within Hinduism.

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Ramayana

Ramayana (रामायणम्) is an ancient Indian epic poem which narrates the struggle of the divine prince Rama to rescue his wife Sita from the demon king Ravana.

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Rambhadracharya

Jagadguru Ramanandacharya Swami Rambhadracharya (born Giridhar Mishra on 14 January 1950) is a Hindu religious leader, educator, Sanskrit scholar, polyglot, poet, author, textual commentator, philosopher, composer, singer, playwright and Katha artist based in Chitrakoot, India.

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Ramchandra Shukla

Ram Chandra Shukla (4 October 1884 – 2 February 1941), better known as Acharya Shukla, is regarded as the first codifier of the history of Hindi literature in a scientific system by using wide, empirical research with scant resources and published Hindi Sahitya Ka Itihaas (1928–29).

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Ramcharitmanas

Ramcharitmanas (Devanāgarī: श्रीरामचरितमानस, IAST: ŚrīRāmacaritamānasa), is an epic poem in the language Awadhi, composed by the 16th-century Indian bhakti poet Goswami Tulsidas (c.1532–1623).

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Rameswaram

Rameswaram, (also spelt as Ramesvaram, Rameshwaram) is a town and a second grade municipality in the Ramanathapuram district in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

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Ramlila

Ramlila (Rāmlīlā) (literally 'Rama’s lila or play') is any dramatic folk re-enactment of the life of Rama according to the ancient Hindu epic Ramayana or secondary literature based on it such as the Ramcharitmanas.

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Rasa lila

The Rass lila (IAST) (रास लीला) or Rass dance is part of the traditional story of Krishna described in Hindu scriptures such as the Bhagavata Purana and literature such as the Gita Govinda, where he dances with Radha and her sakhis.

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Ravana

Ravana (IAST: Rāvaṇa;; Sanskrit: रावण) is a character in the Hindu epic Ramayana where he is depicted as the Rakshasa king of Lanka.

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Raymond Allchin

Frank Raymond Allchin FBA (9 July 1923 – 4 June 2010) with his wife, Bridget Allchin FSA (1927–2017), represent one of the most influential British partnerships in the post-Independence study of South Asian archaeology.

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Sadhu

A sadhu (IAST: (male), sādhvī (female)), also spelled saddhu, is a religious ascetic, mendicant (monk) or any holy person in Hinduism and Jainism who has renounced the worldly life.

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Saguna brahman

Saguna Brahman (lit. "The Absolute with qualities") came from the Sanskrit (सगुण) "with qualities, gunas" and Brahman (ब्रह्मन्) "The Absolute", close to the concept of immanence, the manifested divine presence.

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Samadhi

Samadhi (Sanskrit: समाधि), also called samāpatti, in Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism and yogic schools refers to a state of meditative consciousness.

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Samavartanam

The Samavartana (समावर्तन), also known as, is a rite of passage in the ancient texts of Hinduism performed at the close of the Brahmacharya period and marked the graduation of the student from Gurukul (school).

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Samaveda

The Samaveda (Sanskrit: सामवेद, sāmaveda, from "song" and "knowledge"), is the Veda of melodies and chants.

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Sanadhya Brahmin

Sanadya Brahmin or Sanadh Brahmin, or Sanah Brahmin or Sanidya Brahmin are a community of Brahmins.

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Sankat Mochan Hanuman Temple

Sankat Mochan Hanuman Temple is a Hindu temple in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India and is dedicated to the Hindu God Hanuman.

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Sanskara (rite of passage)

Sanskara (IAST:, sometimes spelled samskara) are rites of passage in a human being's life described in ancient Sanskrit texts, as well as a concept in the karma theory of Indian philosophies.

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Sanskrit

Sanskrit is the primary liturgical language of Hinduism; a philosophical language of Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism and Jainism; and a former literary language and lingua franca for the educated of ancient and medieval India.

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Sanskrit compound

One notable feature of the agglutinative nominal system of Classical Sanskrit is the very common use of nominal compounds (samāsa), which may be huge (10+ or even 30+ words) and are generative.

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Sant (religion)

In Hinduism, Sikhism, Jainism and Buddhism, a sant is a human being revered for his or her knowledge of "self, truth, reality" and as a "truth-exemplar".

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Saptami

Saptami is the seventh day (tithi) of the fortnight (paksha) in Hindu lunar calendar.

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Saryupareen Brahmin

Saryupareen Brahmins, also known as Sarvariya Brahmins or Saryupariya Brahmins, are an Indian caste.

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Schwa deletion in Indo-Aryan languages

Schwa deletion, or schwa syncope, is a phenomenon that sometimes occurs in Hindi, Urdu, Bengali, Kashmiri, Punjabi, Gujarati, Maithili and several other Indo-Aryan languages with schwas that are implicit in their written scripts.

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Shatarupa

In Hindu mythology, when Brahma was creating the universe, he made a female deity known as Shatarupa (literally śata-rūpā, she of a hundred beautiful forms) or 'one who can acquire hundred forms'.

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Shiva

Shiva (Sanskrit: शिव, IAST: Śiva, lit. the auspicious one) is one of the principal deities of Hinduism.

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Shraavana

Śrāvaṇa (श्रावण), (shraavan), (saavan) is the fifth month of the Hindu calendar.

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Shraddhadeva Manu

In Hindu mythology, Shraddhadeva Manu (Sanskrit manuśraddhādeva) is the current Manu and the progenitor of the current humanity (manvantara).

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Shri Ramachandra Kripalu

"Shri Ramachandra Kripalu" or "Shri Ram Stuti" is a prayer written by Goswami Tulsidas.

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Sita

Sita (pronounced, Sanskrit: सीता, IAST: Sītā) or Seeta, is the consort of Lord Rama (incarnation of Vishnu) and an avatar of Sri Lakshmi, the Hindu goddess that denotes good sign, good fortune, prosperity, success, and happiness.

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Sivananda Saraswati

Sivananda Saraswati (or Swami Sivananda) (8 September 1887 – 14 July 1963) was a Hindu spiritual teacher and a proponent of Yoga and Vedanta.

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Smriti

Smriti (स्मृति, IAST), literally "that which is remembered" are a body of Hindu texts usually attributed to an author, traditionally written down but constantly revised, in contrast to Śrutis (the Vedic literature) considered authorless, that were transmitted verbally across the generations and fixed.

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Soron

Soron Shookar Kshetra is a city and a municipal board in Kasganj district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

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Sri Venkateswar Steam Press

Sri Venkateswar Steam Press (Khemraj Shrikrishnadass) is one of the oldest publishers in India.

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Sundara Kanda

Sundara Kanda (IAST: Sundara Kāṇḍa), is the fifth book in the Hindu epic, the Ramayana.

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Surdas

Surdas (IAST: Sūr, Devanagari: सूर) was a 16th-century blind Hindu devotional poet and singer, who was known for his lyrics written in praise of Krishna.

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Suryakant Tripathi 'Nirala'

Suryakant Tripathi 'Nirala' (21 February 189915 October 1961) was one of the most famous figures of modern Hindi literature.

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Tantra

Tantra (Sanskrit: तन्त्र, literally "loom, weave, system") denotes the esoteric traditions of Hinduism and Buddhism that co-developed most likely about the middle of 1st millennium CE.

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Thumak Chalat Ram Chandra

Thumak Chalat Ram Chandra is a bhajan (Hindu devotional song) written in the 16th century by the poet Goswami Tulsidas (गोस्वामी तुलसीदास).

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Tibet

Tibet is a historical region covering much of the Tibetan Plateau in Central Asia.

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Tilaka

In Hinduism, the tilaka (तिलक) is a mark worn usually on the forehead, sometimes other parts of the body such as neck, hand or chest.

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Todar Mal

Raja Todar Mal was the Finance Minister of the Mughal empire during Akbar's reign.

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Tulsi Ghat

Tulsi Ghat is one of the ghats in Varanasi.

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Tulsi Peeth

Tulsi Peeth Seva Nyas (literally Service trust at the seat of Tulsi) is an Indian religious and social service institution based at Janki Kund, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh.

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Turiya

In Hindu philosophy, turiya (Sanskrit: तुरीय, meaning "the fourth") or caturiya, chaturtha, is pure consciousness.

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Uddhava

Uddhava (also known as Pavanayadhi) is a character from the Puranic texts of Hinduism, who is the friend and counsellor of Krishna the Avatar.

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Upanayana

Upanayana (उपनयन) is one of the traditional saṃskāras (rites of passage) that marked the acceptance of a student by a guru (teacher) and an individual's entrance to a school in Hinduism.

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Uttar Pradesh

Uttar Pradesh (IAST: Uttar Pradeś) is a state in northern India.

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Vairagya

Vairāgya (वैराग्य) is a Sanskrit term used in Hindu philosophy that roughly translates as dispassion, detachment, or renunciation, in particular renunciation from the pains and pleasures in the material world (Maya).

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Vaishnavism

Vaishnavism (Vaishnava dharma) is one of the major traditions within Hinduism along with Shaivism, Shaktism, and Smartism.

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Valmiki

Valmiki (Sanskrit: वाल्मीकि, Vālmīki) is celebrated as the harbinger-poet in Sanskrit literature.

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Varaha

Varaha (वराह, IAST:Varāha) is the avatar of the Hindu god Vishnu who takes the form of a boar to rescue goddess earth.

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Varanasi

Varanasi, also known as Benares, Banaras (Banāras), or Kashi (Kāśī), is a city on the banks of the Ganges in the Uttar Pradesh state of North India, south-east of the state capital, Lucknow, and east of Allahabad.

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Vedanga

The Vedanga (वेदाङ्ग, "limbs of the Veda") are six auxiliary disciplines in Vedic culture that developed in ancient times, and has been connected with the study of the Vedas.

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Vedanta

Vedanta (Sanskrit: वेदान्त, IAST) or Uttara Mīmāṃsā is one of the six orthodox (''āstika'') schools of Hindu philosophy.

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Vedas

The Vedas are ancient Sanskrit texts of Hinduism. Above: A page from the ''Atharvaveda''. The Vedas (Sanskrit: वेद, "knowledge") are a large body of knowledge texts originating in the ancient Indian subcontinent.

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Vibhu

Vibhu (Sanskrit:विभु) means – 'mighty', 'powerful', 'eminent', 'supreme', 'able to', 'capable of', 'self-subdued', 'firm' or 'self-controlled'; in Nyaya philosophy, it means – 'eternal', 'existing everywhere', 'all-pervading', 'pervading all material things'.

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Vikram Samvat

Vikram Samvat (विक्रम सम्वत्, विक्रम सम्वत्) (abbreviated as V.S. (or VS) or B.S. (or BS))) (also called the Bikrami calendar or sometimes just Hindu calendar) is the historical Hindu calendar of India and Nepal. It uses lunar months and solar sidereal years. It is used as the official calendar in Nepal.

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Vinaya Patrika

Vinaya Patrika (Letter of petition) is a devotional poem composed by the 16th-century Indian poet, Goswami Tulsidas, containing hymns to different Hindu deities especially to Lord Rama in extreme humility (Vinaya).

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Vincent Arthur Smith

Vincent Arthur Smith,, (1848–1920) was a British Indologist and art historian.

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Vishishtadvaita

Vishishtadvaita (IAST; विशिष्टाद्वैत) is one of the most popular schools of the Vedanta school of Hindu philosophy.

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Vishnu

Vishnu (Sanskrit: विष्णु, IAST) is one of the principal deities of Hinduism, and the Supreme Being in its Vaishnavism tradition.

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Vivaah

Vivāha (Sanskrit) or Vivaah (Hindi: विवाह) or Vivahamu (Telugu: వివాహం) s a word for marriage in South Asia.

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Vivaha Panchami

Vivah Panchami is a festival celebrating the wedding of Rama and Sita.

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Vyasa

Vyasa (व्यास, literally "Compiler") is a central and revered figure in most Hindu traditions.

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Vyākaraṇa

Vyākaraṇa (Sanskrit: "explanation, analysis") refers to one of the six ancient Vedangas, ancillary science connected with the Vedas, which are scriptures in Hinduism.

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William Shakespeare

William Shakespeare (26 April 1564 (baptised)—23 April 1616) was an English poet, playwright and actor, widely regarded as both the greatest writer in the English language, and the world's pre-eminent dramatist.

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World literature

World literature is sometimes used to refer to the sum total of the world's national literatures, but usually it refers to the circulation of works into the wider world beyond their country of origin.

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Yajnavalkya

Yajnavalkya (याज्ञवल्क्य) was a Hindu Vedic sage.

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Yuga

Yuga in Hinduism is an epoch or era within a four-age cycle.

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Redirects here:

Gosvami Tulsidas, Gosvāmī Tulsīdās, Goswami Tulasidas, Goswami Tulsidas, Rambola, Tulasidas, Tulasidasa, Tulasī Dāsa, Tulasīdāsa, Tulsi Das, Tulsidāsa.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulsidas

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