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Abd el-Krim

Index Abd el-Krim

Abd el-Krim (1882–83, Ajdir – February 6, 1963, Cairo) was a Riffian political and military leader. [1]

93 relations: Abbas Messaadi, Abdul Karim, African military systems after 1900, Ahmed Belbachir Haskouri, Ahmed Harrak Srifi, Ait Ouriaghel, Ajdir, Al-Dawla, Alhucemas landing, Ali Anouzla, Ameziane Museum, André Corap, April 1925, April 1926, Asymmetric warfare, Battle of Annual, Berber separatism in North Africa, Chefchaouen, Chemical weapons in the Rif War, Chronology of Western colonialism, Decolonization, February 1963, François de La Rocque, Francisco Franco, Francisco Gómez-Jordana Sousa, French colonial empire, French Left, French protectorate in Morocco, Habib Bourguiba, Henri Giraud, Henri Simon, Horacio Echevarrieta, Hubert Lyautey, Interwar period, Joaquín García Morato, Khattab (name), Lebanese National Anthem, Legionnaire (film), Les Trois-Bassins, List of authors by name: A, List of battles 1901–2000, List of Berber people, List of covers of Time magazine (1920s), List of guerrillas, List of military disasters, List of Moroccan people, List of Moroccan writers, List of Muslim military leaders, List of state leaders in 1921, List of state leaders in 1922, ..., List of state leaders in 1923, List of state leaders in 1924, List of state leaders in 1925, List of state leaders in 1926, Maliki, Manuel Fernández Silvestre, Manuel Goded Llopis, March or Die (film), May 1926, Melilla, Miguel de Unamuno, Mohamed Medbouh, Mohammed Zniber, Moroccan Army of Liberation, Morocco, Morocco commemorative medal (1909), Mujahideen, Mulai Ahmed er Raisuni, Nasser Zefzafi, Ouazzane, Paul Azan, Political aspects of Islam, Republicanism in Morocco, Restoration (Spain), Rif, Rif Republic, Rif War, Robert Gordon-Canning, Saint-Denis, Réunion, September 1925, Spanish Empire, Spanish Legion, Spanish protectorate in Morocco, Strategy and tactics of guerrilla warfare, Surrealism, Temsaman (region), Théodore Steeg, Timeline of 20th-century Muslim history, Treaty of Fez, University of Al Quaraouiyine, Yusef of Morocco, 1921, 1963. Expand index (43 more) »

Abbas Messaadi

Mohamed ben Tahar ben Ali commonly known by his nom de guerre Abbas Messaadi (عباس مساعدي; 1925–27 June 1956) was the leader of the Moroccan Army of Liberation before his controversial assassination in June 1956 that would ultimately trigger the Rif Revolt (1957-1959).

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Abdul Karim

Abdul Karim (عبد الكريم.) is a Muslim male given name and, in modern usage, also a surname.

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African military systems after 1900

As the 20th century began, most of Africa, with the exception of Ethiopia, Somalia and Liberia, was under colonial rule.

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Ahmed Belbachir Haskouri

Ahmed Belbachir Haskouri (1908–1962) was a prominent member of the royal court of Morocco during the protectorate period.

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Ahmed Harrak Srifi

Ahmed Harrak Srifi is a prominent Moroccan scholar from the tribe of Ahl Srif in the north of Morocco.

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Ait Ouriaghel

The Ait Ouriaghel (also written as Ayt Waryaghar or Ayt Uryaghel in Berber) is the biggest Berber tribe of the Rif region of the north-eastern part of Morocco.

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Ajdir

Ajdir (Arabic: أجدير; Berber: ⴰⵊⴷⵉⵔ) is a small town in Morocco near Al Hoceima.

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Al-Dawla

The Arabic title al-Dawla (الدولة, often rendered ad-Dawla, ad-Daulah, ud-Daulah, Dahola, etc.) means "dynasty" or "state" and appears in many honorific and regnal titles in the Islamic world.

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Alhucemas landing

The Alhucemas landing (also known as Al Hoceima landing) was a landing operation which took place on 8 September 1925 at Alhucemas of the Spanish Army and Navy and, in lesser numbers, an allied French contingent, that would put an end to the Rif War.

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Ali Anouzla

Ali Anouzla (علي أنوزلا; born in Agadir, Morocco) is a Moroccan Sahrawi independent journalist, known for his critical articles of King Mohammed VI's rule.

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Ameziane Museum

Ameziane museum is a private museum opened in Nador, Morocco in May 2006.

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André Corap

André Georges Corap (15 January 1878 – 15 August 1953) was a General in the French Army who fought in World War II.

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April 1925

The following events occurred in April 1925.

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April 1926

The following events occurred in April 1926.

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Asymmetric warfare

Asymmetric warfare (or asymmetric engagement) is war between belligerents whose relative military power differs significantly, or whose strategy or tactics differ significantly.

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Battle of Annual

The Battle of Annual was fought on July 22, 1921, at Annual in Spanish Morocco, between the Spanish Army of Africa and Berber combatants of the Rif region during the Rif War.

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Berber separatism in North Africa

Berber separatism in North Africa refers to a century-long independence struggle of ethnic Berber groups in the areas of modern Morocco, Algeria, Mali and Libya. The first chapter of this modern separatism was embodied in the Rif War,. p. 46. which led to the creation of short-lived Rif Republic (1920–1926). Despite the disintegration of this Berber state, the independence movement continued during the 20th century in Algeria and in 21st century was led by Tuareg tribes in Mali and Libya (the failed attempt to form the Azawad state within Mali in 2012 and de facto formation of Tuareg autonomy of Ghat within Libya since 2014), and last resurging in Morocco in 2013, escalating into a Berber protest movement in 2016–17.

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Chefchaouen

Chefchaouen (شفشاون (pronounced IPA); Ashawen), also known as Chaouen, is a city in northwest Morocco.

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Chemical weapons in the Rif War

During the Third Rif War in Spanish Morocco between 1921 and 1927, the Spanish Army of Africa dropped chemical warfare agents in an attempt to put down the Riffian Berber rebellion led by guerrilla leader Abd el-Krim.

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Chronology of Western colonialism

This is a non-exhaustive chronology of colonialism-related events, which may reflect political events, cultural events, and important global events that have influenced colonization and decolonization.

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Decolonization

Decolonization (American English) or decolonisation (British English) is the undoing of colonialism: where a nation establishes and maintains its domination over one or more other territories.

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February 1963

The following events occurred in February 1963.

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François de La Rocque

François de La Rocque (6 October 1885 – 28 April 1946) was the leader of the French right-wing league named the Croix de Feu from 1930 to 1936 before he formed the more moderate nationalist Parti Social Français (1936–1940), which can be seen as a precursor of Gaullism.

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Francisco Franco

Francisco Franco Bahamonde (4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975) was a Spanish general who ruled over Spain as a military dictator from 1939, after the Nationalist victory in the Spanish Civil War, until his death in 1975.

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Francisco Gómez-Jordana Sousa

Francisco Gómez-Jordana y Sousa, 1st Count de Jordana, OCIII (1 February 1876 – 3 August 1944), was a Spanish soldier and politician who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs during the rule of Francisco Franco.

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French colonial empire

The French colonial empire constituted the overseas colonies, protectorates and mandate territories that came under French rule from the 16th century onward.

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French Left

The Left in France (gauche française) was represented at the beginning of the 20th century by two main political parties: the Republican, Radical and Radical-Socialist Party and the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO), created in 1905 as a merger of various Marxist parties.

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French protectorate in Morocco

The French protectorate in Morocco (Protectorat français au Maroc; حماية فرنسا في المغرب Ḥimāyat Faransā fi-l-Maḡrib) was established by the Treaty of Fez.

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Habib Bourguiba

Habib Ben Ali Bourguiba (الحبيب بورقيبة al-Ḥabīb Būrqībah; 3 August 1903 – 6 April 2000) was a Tunisian lawyer, nationalist leader and statesman who served as the country's leader from independence in 1956 to 1987.

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Henri Giraud

Henri Honoré Giraud (18 January 1879 – 11 March 1949) was a French general who was captured in both World Wars, but escaped both times.

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Henri Simon

General Henri Joseph Simon (23 February 1866 – 15 May 1956) was a French army officer.

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Horacio Echevarrieta

Horacio Echevarrieta Maruri (Basque)(September 15, 1870 – May 20, 1963) was a businessman, banker, industrialist, patron of the arts, politician and diplomatic mediator.

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Hubert Lyautey

Louis Hubert Gonzalve Lyautey (17 November 1854 – 21 July 1934) was a French Army general and colonial administrator.

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Interwar period

In the context of the history of the 20th century, the interwar period was the period between the end of the First World War in November 1918 and the beginning of the Second World War in September 1939.

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Joaquín García Morato

Joaquín García-Morato y Castaño, 1st Count of Jarama (4 May 1904 – 4 April 1939) was the leading Nationalist fighter ace of the Spanish Civil War.

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Khattab (name)

Khattab or Hattab is a name derived from the word "sermon" (Khatib) (lit. book-narration).

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Lebanese National Anthem

The Lebanese National Anthem (النشيد الوطني اللبناني) was written by Rashid Nakhle and composed by Wadih Sabra.

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Legionnaire (film)

Legionnaire is a 1998 American drama war film directed by Peter MacDonald and starring Jean-Claude Van Damme as a 1920s boxer who wins a fight after having been hired by gangsters to lose it, then flees to join the French Foreign Legion.

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Les Trois-Bassins

Les Trois-Bassins is a commune in the department of Réunion.

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List of authors by name: A

List of authors by name: A – B – C – D – E – F – G – H – I – J – K – L – M – N – O – P – Q – R – S – T – U – V – W – X – Y – Z.

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List of battles 1901–2000

No description.

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List of Berber people

This is a list of famous Berber people.

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List of covers of Time magazine (1920s)

This is a list of people appearing on the cover of ''Time'' magazine in the 1920s.

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List of guerrillas

List of famous guerrillas, ordered by region.

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List of military disasters

In this list a military disaster is the unexpected and sound defeat of one side in a battle or war, sometimes changing the course of history.

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List of Moroccan people

This list of Moroccan people includes people who are from Morocco and people who are of Moroccan ancestry, who are significantly notable for their life and/or work.

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List of Moroccan writers

This is a list of writers from Morocco.

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List of Muslim military leaders

Entries in this chronological list of Muslim military leaders are accompanied by dates of birth and death, branch of Islam, country of birth, field of study, campaigns fought and a short biographical description.

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List of state leaders in 1921

No description.

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List of state leaders in 1922

No description.

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List of state leaders in 1923

No description.

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List of state leaders in 1924

No description.

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List of state leaders in 1925

No description.

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List of state leaders in 1926

No description.

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Maliki

The (مالكي) school is one of the four major madhhab of Islamic jurisprudence within Sunni Islam.

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Manuel Fernández Silvestre

Manuel Fernández y Silvestre (December 16, 1871 in El Caney, Cuba – July 22, 1921 in Annual, Morocco) was a Spanish military general.

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Manuel Goded Llopis

General of the Army Manuel Goded Llopis (15 October 1882 – 12 August 1936) was a Spanish Army general who was one of the key figures in the July 1936 revolt against the democratically elected Second Spanish Republic.

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March or Die (film)

March or Die is a 1977 British war drama film directed by Dick Richards and starring Gene Hackman, Terence Hill, Catherine Deneuve, Max von Sydow and Ian Holm.

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May 1926

The following events occurred in May 1926.

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Melilla

Melilla (مليلية, Maliliyyah; ⵎⵔⵉⵜⵙ, Mřič) is a Spanish autonomous city located on the north coast of Africa, sharing a border with Morocco, with an area of.

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Miguel de Unamuno

Miguel de Unamuno y Jugo (29 September 1864 – 31 December 1936) was a Spanish Basque essayist, novelist, poet, playwright, philosopher, professor of Greek and Classics, and later rector at the University of Salamanca.

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Mohamed Medbouh

Mohamed Medbouh (محمد المدبوح; b. 1927 in Aknoul - d. 10 July 1971 in Skhirat) was a senior Moroccan Army officer.

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Mohammed Zniber

Dr.

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Moroccan Army of Liberation

The Army of Liberation (translit, script) was an organisation of various loosely united militias fighting for the independence of Morocco from the French-Spanish occupation.

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Morocco

Morocco (officially known as the Kingdom of Morocco, is a unitary sovereign state located in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It is one of the native homelands of the indigenous Berber people. Geographically, Morocco is characterised by a rugged mountainous interior, large tracts of desert and a lengthy coastline along the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. Morocco has a population of over 33.8 million and an area of. Its capital is Rabat, and the largest city is Casablanca. Other major cities include Marrakesh, Tangier, Salé, Fes, Meknes and Oujda. A historically prominent regional power, Morocco has a history of independence not shared by its neighbours. Since the foundation of the first Moroccan state by Idris I in 788 AD, the country has been ruled by a series of independent dynasties, reaching its zenith under the Almoravid dynasty and Almohad dynasty, spanning parts of Iberia and northwestern Africa. The Marinid and Saadi dynasties continued the struggle against foreign domination, and Morocco remained the only North African country to avoid Ottoman occupation. The Alaouite dynasty, the current ruling dynasty, seized power in 1631. In 1912, Morocco was divided into French and Spanish protectorates, with an international zone in Tangier, and regained its independence in 1956. Moroccan culture is a blend of Berber, Arab, West African and European influences. Morocco claims the non-self-governing territory of Western Sahara, formerly Spanish Sahara, as its Southern Provinces. After Spain agreed to decolonise the territory to Morocco and Mauritania in 1975, a guerrilla war arose with local forces. Mauritania relinquished its claim in 1979, and the war lasted until a cease-fire in 1991. Morocco currently occupies two thirds of the territory, and peace processes have thus far failed to break the political deadlock. Morocco is a constitutional monarchy with an elected parliament. The King of Morocco holds vast executive and legislative powers, especially over the military, foreign policy and religious affairs. Executive power is exercised by the government, while legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of parliament, the Assembly of Representatives and the Assembly of Councillors. The king can issue decrees called dahirs, which have the force of law. He can also dissolve the parliament after consulting the Prime Minister and the president of the constitutional court. Morocco's predominant religion is Islam, and the official languages are Arabic and Berber, with Berber being the native language of Morocco before the Arab conquest in the 600s AD. The Moroccan dialect of Arabic, referred to as Darija, and French are also widely spoken. Morocco is a member of the Arab League, the Union for the Mediterranean and the African Union. It has the fifth largest economy of Africa.

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Morocco commemorative medal (1909)

The Morocco commemorative medal (1909) ("Médaille commémorative du Maroc (1909)") was a French military campaign medal.

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Mujahideen

Mujahideen (مجاهدين) is the plural form of mujahid (مجاهد), the term for one engaged in Jihad (literally, "holy war").

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Mulai Ahmed er Raisuni

Mulai Ahmed er Raisuni (Arabic: "مولاي أحمد الريسوني", known as Raisuli to most English speakers, also Raissoulli, Rais Uli, and Raysuni) (b. 1871, Zinat, Tétouan – d. April 1925, Tamasint, Al Hoceima) was a Sharif (descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad), and a leader of the Jebala tribal confederacy in Morocco at the turn of the 20th Century.

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Nasser Zefzafi

Nasser Zefzafi or Zafzafi (Berber: Naṣer Ezzefzafi, ناصر الزفزافي., born 1979 in Al Hoceima) is a Moroccan political activist, who has been described as the leader of the protest movement in the Rif and the city of Al Hoceima, commonly known as Hirak Rif (Riffian movement).

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Ouazzane

Ouazzane (also Ouezzane, Wazan, Wazzan, Uessen) (وزان) is a town in northern Morocco, with a population of 59,606 recorded in the 2014 Moroccan census.

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Paul Azan

Paul-Jean-Louis Azan (Besançon 1874 – Lons-le-Saunier 1951) was a French general and author.

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Political aspects of Islam

Political aspects of Islam are derived from the Qur'an, the Sunnah (the sayings and living habits of Muhammad), Muslim history, and elements of political movements outside Islam.

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Republicanism in Morocco

In the history of Morocco, there have been a few attempts to establish republican forms of government.

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Restoration (Spain)

The Restoration (Restauración), or Bourbon Restoration (Restauración borbónica), is the name given to the period that began on 29 December 1874 — after a coup d'état by Martínez-Campos ended the First Spanish Republic and restored the monarchy under Alfonso XII — and ended on 14 April 1931 with the proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic.

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Rif

The Rif or Riff (Berber: ⴰⵔⵉⴼ Arif or ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ Arrif or ⵏⴽⵔ Nkor) is a mainly mountainous region in the northern part of the Kingdom of Morocco.

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Rif Republic

The Republic of the Rif (officially The Confederal Republic of the Tribes of the Rif) was a republic in northern Morocco that existed between 1921 and 1926.

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Rif War

The Rif War was an armed conflict fought from 1920 to 1927 between the colonial power Spain (later joined by France) and the Berber tribes of the Rif mountainous region. Led by Abd el-Krim, the Riffians at first inflicted several defeats on the Spanish forces by using guerrilla tactics and captured European weapons. After France's military intervention against Abd el-Krim's forces and the major landing of Spanish troops at Al Hoceima, considered the first amphibious landing in history to involve the use of tanks and aircraft, Abd el-Krim surrendered to the French and was taken into exile. In 1909, Rifian tribes aggressively confronted Spanish workers of the iron mines of the Rif, near Melilla, which led to the intervention of the Spanish Army. The military operations in Jebala, in the Moroccan West, began in 1911 with the Larache Landing. Spain worked to pacify a large part of the most violent areas until 1914, a slow process of consolidation of frontiers that lasted until 1919 due to World War I. The following year, after the signing of the Treaty of Fez, the northern Moroccan area was adjudicated to Spain as a protectorate. The Riffian populations strongly resisted the Spanish, unleashing a conflict that would last for several years. In 1921, the Spanish troops suffered the catastrophic Disaster of Annual, the biggest defeat in the history of Spain, in addition to a rebellion led by Rifian leader Abd el-Krim. As a result, the Spanish retreated to a few fortified positions while Abd el-Krim ultimately created an entire independent state: the Republic of the Rif. The development of the conflict and its end coincided with the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera, who took on command of the campaign from 1924 to 1927. In addition, and after the Battle of Uarga in 1925, the French intervened in the conflict and established a joint collaboration with Spain that culminated in the notorious renowned Alhucemas landing. By 1926 the area had been pacified; Abd-el-Krim surrendered in July 1927; and the Spanish regained the previously lost territory. The Rif War is still considered controversial among historians. Some see in it a harbinger of the decolonization process in North Africa. Others consider it one of the last colonial wars, as it was the decision of the Spanish to conquer the Rif — nominally part of their Moroccan protectorate but de facto independent — that catalyzed the entry of France in 1924. The Rif War left a deep memory both in Spain and in Morocco. The Riffian insurgency of the 1920s can be interpreted as a precursor to the Algerian war of independence, which took place three decades later.

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Robert Gordon-Canning

Robert Cecil Gordon-Canning (24 June 1888 – 4 January 1967) was a notable British fascist, anti-Semite and supporter of Arab nationalist causes.

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Saint-Denis, Réunion

Saint-Denis (or unofficially Saint-Denis de la Réunion for disambiguation) is the préfecture (administrative capital) of the French overseas region and department of Réunion, in the Indian Ocean.

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September 1925

The following events occurred in September 1925.

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Spanish Empire

The Spanish Empire (Imperio Español; Imperium Hispanicum), historically known as the Hispanic Monarchy (Monarquía Hispánica) and as the Catholic Monarchy (Monarquía Católica) was one of the largest empires in history.

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Spanish Legion

The Spanish Legion (Legión Española, La Legión), informally known as the Tercio or the Tercios, is a unit of the Spanish Army and Spain's Rapid Reaction Force.

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Spanish protectorate in Morocco

The Spanish protectorate in Morocco was established on 27 November 1912 by a treaty between France and Spain that converted the Spanish sphere of influence in Morocco into a formal protectorate.

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Strategy and tactics of guerrilla warfare

The main strategy and tactics of guerrilla warfare tend to involve the use of a small attacking, mobile force against a large, unwieldy force.

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Surrealism

Surrealism is a cultural movement that began in the early 1920s, and is best known for its visual artworks and writings.

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Temsaman (region)

Temsaman is a region located in the Rif, northeast of Morocco.

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Théodore Steeg

Théodore Steeg (19 December 1868 – 19 December 1950) was a lawyer and professor of philosophy who became Premier of the French Third Republic.

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Timeline of 20th-century Muslim history

No description.

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Treaty of Fez

The Treaty of Fez (معاهدة فاس) was a treaty signed on 30 March 1912 in which Sultan Abdelhafid agreed to allow France to make Morocco a French protectorate, ending the Agadir Crisis of 1 July 1911.

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University of Al Quaraouiyine

The University of al-Qarawiyyin, also written Al Quaraouiyine or Al-Karaouine (Université Al Quaraouiyine), is a university located in Fez, Morocco.

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Yusef of Morocco

Yusef ben Hassan (1882 – November 17, 1927) (السلطان يوسف بن الحسن) was a Sultan of the Alaouite dynasty.

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1921

No description.

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1963

No description.

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Redirects here:

Abd el-Krim el-Khattabi, Abd-Al-Krim, Abdelkrim El Khattabi, Abdelkrim al-Khattabi, Abdelkrim khattabi, Abdelrkim khattabi, Khattabi, Muhammad Ibn 'Abd El-Karim El-Khattabi, Muhammad Ibn 'Abd al-Karim Al-Khattabi, Muhammad Ibn 'Abd al-Karim al-Khattabi, Muhammad bin Abd el-Krim al-Khattabi, Muhammad ibn Abd al-Karim al-Khattabi, Muhammad ibn Abd al-Krim Al-Khattaby, Mulay Abdelkrim, Muray Abdekrim, محمد بن عبد الكريم الخطابي.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_el-Krim

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