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Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi

Index Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi

Abu ‘Abd ar-Raḥmān al-Khalīl ibn Aḥmad ibn ‘Amr ibn Tammām al-Farāhīdī al-Azdī al-Yaḥmadī (أبو عبدالرحمن الخليل بن أحمد الفراهيدي; 718 – 786 CE), known as Al-Farahidi, or simply Al-Khalīl, famously compiled the first known dictionary of the Arabic language, and one of the first in any language, Kitab al-'Ayn (كتاب العين). [1]

43 relations: Abu 'Amr ibn al-'Ala', Al-Ali (tribe), Al-Asmaʿi, Al-Kisa'i, Al-Raghib al-Isfahani, Al-Ru'asi, Arabic, Arabic alphabet, Arabic diacritics, Arabic grammar, Arabic literature, Arabic poetry, Arabic prosody, Ayin, Azd, Christoph Luxenberg, Early medieval literature, Grammarians of Basrah, Hazaj meter, History of the Arabic alphabet, History of the Quran, Ibn Duraid, Khalil (name), Kitab al-'Ayn, List of Arabic dictionaries, List of Arabic-language poets, List of cryptographers, List of Islamic scholars described as father or founder of a field, List of lexicographers, List of linguists, List of pre-modern Arab scientists and scholars, List of Shia Muslims, Metre (poetry), Modern Standard Arabic, Niftawayh, Persian metres, Riddles (Arabic), Sabians, Shadda, Sibawayh, Tribes of Arabia, Yunus ibn Habib, 8th century in poetry.

Abu 'Amr ibn al-'Ala'

Abu ʻAmr ibn al-ʻAlāʼ al-Basri (أبو عمرو بن العلاء; died 770 CE/154 AH) was the Qur'an reciter of Basra, Iraq and an Arab linguist.

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Al-Ali (tribe)

Al-Ali is a group of Arab clans who are not necessarily from a common ancestor but were once rulers of their own Arab state in Southern Persia and are still influential in the United Arab Emirates as they are the ruling family in Umm al-Quwain.

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Al-Asmaʿi

Al-Asmaʿi (أبو سعيد عبد الملك ابن قريب الأصمعي, ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Quraib as-Aṣmaʿī; -828, also known as Asmai) was one of the earliest Arabic lexicographers and one of the three leaders of the Basra school of Arabic grammar.

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Al-Kisa'i

Abu al-Hasan, ‘Ali Ibn Hamzah al-Asadi (أبو الحسن علي بن حمزة الكسائي), better known as Al-Kisa'i (born 119 AH, 737 CE in Kufa - died 189 AH, 805 CE in Ranboyeh, near Rey), was one of the transmitters of the seven canonical Qira'at, or methods of reciting the Qur'an.

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Al-Raghib al-Isfahani

Abul-Qasim al-Hussein bin Mufaddal bin Muhammad, better known as Raghib Isfahani (ابوالقاسم حسین ابن محمّد الراغب الاصفهانی), was an eleventh-century Muslim scholar of Qur'anic exegesis and the Arabic language.

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Al-Ru'asi

Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Abi Sara Ali Al-Ru'asi (d. 187AH/802CE) was an early convert from Judaism to Islam and a scholar of the Arabic language.

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Arabic

Arabic (العَرَبِيَّة) or (عَرَبِيّ) or) is a Central Semitic language that first emerged in Iron Age northwestern Arabia and is now the lingua franca of the Arab world. It is named after the Arabs, a term initially used to describe peoples living from Mesopotamia in the east to the Anti-Lebanon mountains in the west, in northwestern Arabia, and in the Sinai peninsula. Arabic is classified as a macrolanguage comprising 30 modern varieties, including its standard form, Modern Standard Arabic, which is derived from Classical Arabic. As the modern written language, Modern Standard Arabic is widely taught in schools and universities, and is used to varying degrees in workplaces, government, and the media. The two formal varieties are grouped together as Literary Arabic (fuṣḥā), which is the official language of 26 states and the liturgical language of Islam. Modern Standard Arabic largely follows the grammatical standards of Classical Arabic and uses much of the same vocabulary. However, it has discarded some grammatical constructions and vocabulary that no longer have any counterpart in the spoken varieties, and has adopted certain new constructions and vocabulary from the spoken varieties. Much of the new vocabulary is used to denote concepts that have arisen in the post-classical era, especially in modern times. During the Middle Ages, Literary Arabic was a major vehicle of culture in Europe, especially in science, mathematics and philosophy. As a result, many European languages have also borrowed many words from it. Arabic influence, mainly in vocabulary, is seen in European languages, mainly Spanish and to a lesser extent Portuguese, Valencian and Catalan, owing to both the proximity of Christian European and Muslim Arab civilizations and 800 years of Arabic culture and language in the Iberian Peninsula, referred to in Arabic as al-Andalus. Sicilian has about 500 Arabic words as result of Sicily being progressively conquered by Arabs from North Africa, from the mid 9th to mid 10th centuries. Many of these words relate to agriculture and related activities (Hull and Ruffino). Balkan languages, including Greek and Bulgarian, have also acquired a significant number of Arabic words through contact with Ottoman Turkish. Arabic has influenced many languages around the globe throughout its history. Some of the most influenced languages are Persian, Turkish, Spanish, Urdu, Kashmiri, Kurdish, Bosnian, Kazakh, Bengali, Hindi, Malay, Maldivian, Indonesian, Pashto, Punjabi, Tagalog, Sindhi, and Hausa, and some languages in parts of Africa. Conversely, Arabic has borrowed words from other languages, including Greek and Persian in medieval times, and contemporary European languages such as English and French in modern times. Classical Arabic is the liturgical language of 1.8 billion Muslims and Modern Standard Arabic is one of six official languages of the United Nations. All varieties of Arabic combined are spoken by perhaps as many as 422 million speakers (native and non-native) in the Arab world, making it the fifth most spoken language in the world. Arabic is written with the Arabic alphabet, which is an abjad script and is written from right to left, although the spoken varieties are sometimes written in ASCII Latin from left to right with no standardized orthography.

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Arabic alphabet

The Arabic alphabet (الأَبْجَدِيَّة العَرَبِيَّة, or الحُرُوف العَرَبِيَّة) or Arabic abjad is the Arabic script as it is codified for writing Arabic.

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Arabic diacritics

The Arabic script has numerous diacritics, including i'jam -, consonant pointing and tashkil -, supplementary diacritics.

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Arabic grammar

Arabic grammar (اَلنَّحْو اَلْعَرَبِي or قَوَاعِد اَللُّغَة اَلْعَرَبِيَّة) is the grammar of the Arabic language.

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Arabic literature

Arabic literature (الأدب العربي / ALA-LC: al-Adab al-‘Arabī) is the writing, both prose and poetry, produced by writers in the Arabic language.

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Arabic poetry

Arabic poetry (الشعر العربي ash-shi‘ru al-‘Arabīyyu) is the earliest form of Arabic literature.

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Arabic prosody

(اَلْعَرُوض) is the study of poetic meters, which identifies the meter of a poem and determines whether the meter is sound or broken in lines of the poem.

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Ayin

Ayin (also ayn, ain; transliterated) is the sixteenth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician, Hebrew, Aramaic, Syriac ܥ, and Arabic rtl (where it is sixteenth in abjadi order only).

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Azd

The Azd or Al Azd (Arabic: أزد) are an Arabian tribe.

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Christoph Luxenberg

Christoph Luxenberg is the pseudonym of the author of The Syro-Aramaic Reading of the Koran: A Contribution to the Decoding of the Language of the Qur'an (German edition 2000, English translation 2007) and several articles in anthologies about early Islam.

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Early medieval literature

See also: Ancient literature, 10th century in literature, list of years in literature.

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Grammarians of Basrah

The Grammarians of Basrah were grammarians and language scholars of Basra in the Islamic Golden Age, who laid down the rules of grammar and of literary style, and whose teachings and writings became the canon of the Arabic language.

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Hazaj meter

Hazaj meter is a quantitative verse meter frequently found in the epic poetry of the Middle East and western Asia.

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History of the Arabic alphabet

The history of the Arabic alphabet concerns the origins and the evolution of the Arabic script.

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History of the Quran

The history of the Quran refers to the oral revelation of the Quran to Islamic prophet Muhammad and its subsequent written compilation into a manuscript.

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Ibn Duraid

Abū Bakr Muhammad ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Duraid al-Azdī al-Baṣrī ad-Dawsī (أبو بكر محمد بن الحسن بن دريد بن عتاهية الأزدي البصري الدوسي), or Ibn Duraid (بن دريد) (933-837 CE), an important early figure of the Baṣrah School of grammarians, was described as "the most accomplished scholar, ablest philologer and first poet of the age", was from Baṣrah (Iraq) in the Abbasid era.

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Khalil (name)

Khalil or Khaleel (Arabic: خليل) means friend and is a common male first name in the Middle East, North Africa, Central Asia and among Muslims in South Asia and as such is also a common surname.

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Kitab al-'Ayn

Compiled in the eighth century by Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi, Kitab al-'Ayn (كتاب العين), is believed to have been the first Arabic language dictionary and one of the earliest known dictionaries of any language.

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List of Arabic dictionaries

The following is a list of notable Arabic dictionaries.

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List of Arabic-language poets

List of Arabic language poets most of whom were Arabs and who wrote in the Arabic language.

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List of cryptographers

List of cryptographers.

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List of Islamic scholars described as father or founder of a field

The following is a list of scholars of medieval Islamic civilization who have been described as the father or the founder of a field by some modern scholars.

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List of lexicographers

This list contains people who contributed to the field of lexicography, the theory and practice of compiling dictionaries.

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List of linguists

A linguist in the academic sense is a person who studies natural language (an academic discipline known as linguistics).

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List of pre-modern Arab scientists and scholars

This is a list of Arab scientists and scholars from the Muslim World and Spain (Al-Andalus) who lived from antiquity up until the beginning of the modern age, consisting primarily of scholars during the Middle Ages.

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List of Shia Muslims

The following is a list of notable Shia Muslims.

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Metre (poetry)

In poetry, metre is the basic rhythmic structure of a verse or lines in verse.

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Modern Standard Arabic

Modern Standard Arabic (MSA; اللغة العربية الفصحى 'the most eloquent Arabic language'), Standard Arabic, or Literary Arabic is the standardized and literary variety of Arabic used in writing and in most formal speech throughout the Arab world to facilitate communication.

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Niftawayh

Abu Abdillah Ibrahim bin Muhammad bin 'Urfah bin Sulaiman bin al-Mughira bin Habib bin al-Muhallab bin Abi Sufra al-Azdi, better known as Niftawayh, was a Medieval Muslim scholar.

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Persian metres

Persian metres are patterns of long and short syllables in Persian poetry.

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Riddles (Arabic)

Riddles are historically a significant genre of Arabic verse, and extensive scholarly collections have also been made of riddles in oral circulation in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

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Sabians

The Sabians (الصابئة or) of Middle Eastern tradition were a religious group mentioned three times in the Quran as a People of the Book, along with the Jews and the Christians.

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Shadda

Shaddah (شَدّة " emphasis", also called by the verbal noun from the same root, tashdid "emphasis") is one of the diacritics used with the Arabic alphabet, marking a long consonant (geminate).

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Sibawayh

Abū Bishr ʻAmr ibn ʻUthmān ibn Qanbar Al-Baṣrī (c. 760–796, أبو بشر عمرو بن عثمان بن قنبر البصري), commonly known as Sībawayh or Sībawayhi (سيبويه, an Arabized form of Middle Persian name Sēbōē, modern Persian pronunciation Sēbōya/Sībūye) was a Persian linguist and grammarian of Arabic language.

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Tribes of Arabia

The tribes of Arabia are the clans that originated in the Arabian Peninsula.

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Yunus ibn Habib

Yunus ibn Habib (أبو عبد الرحمن يونس بن حبيب الضبي; died after 183 AH/798 CE) was a reputable 8th-century Arab or Persian linguist.

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8th century in poetry

No description.

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Al Farahidi, Al Farāhídi, Al-Farahidi, Al-Khalil Ibn Ahmad, Al-Khalil bin Ahmad, Al-Khalil bin Ahmad al-Farahidi, Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad, Khalil Ibn Ahmad, Khalil ibn Ahmad, Khalil ibn Ahmad al Farahidi.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Khalil_ibn_Ahmad_al-Farahidi

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