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30 relations: Acetamide, Acetate, Alpha-Methyltryptamine, AMAC, Ammonia, Aspirin, Bioconversion of biomass to mixed alcohol fuels, Catholicon (electuary), Charge number, Chichibabin pyridine synthesis, DNA extraction, Dry media reaction, E number, E264, Glossary of chemical formulas, Hexamminecobalt(III) chloride, Hydrophilic interaction chromatography, International Numbering System for Food Additives, Ionic compound, Kröhnke pyridine synthesis, Lead(II) azide, List of additives for hydraulic fracturing, List of food additives, Paracetamol, Pyridine, Rosoxacin, Sharkdefense, Solubility table, Terpyridine, Tincture.
Acetamide
Acetamide (systematic name: ethanamide) is an organic compound with the formula CH3CONH2.
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Acetate
An acetate is a salt formed by the combination of acetic acid with an alkaline, earthy, metallic or nonmetallic and other base.
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Alpha-Methyltryptamine
α-Methyltryptamine (abbreviated as αMT, AMT) is a psychedelic, stimulant, and entactogen drug of the tryptamine class.
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AMAC
Amac or AMAC may also refer to.
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Ammonia
Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3.
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Aspirin
Aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), is a medication used to treat pain, fever, or inflammation.
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Bioconversion of biomass to mixed alcohol fuels
The bioconversion of biomass to mixed alcohol fuels can be accomplished using the MixAlco process.
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Catholicon (electuary)
In pre-modern medicine, catholicon was a soft electuary, so called as being supposedly universal in its curative and prophylactic abilities (see panacea); or a purger of all humours.
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Charge number
Charge number (z) refers to a quantized value of electric charge, with the quantum of electric charge being the elementary charge, so that the charge number equals the electric charge (q) in coulombs divided by the elementary-charge constant (e), or z.
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Chichibabin pyridine synthesis
The Chichibabin pyridine synthesis is a method for synthesizing pyridine rings.
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DNA extraction
DNA isolation is a process of purification of DNA from sample using a combination of physical and chemical methods.
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Dry media reaction
A dry media reaction or solid-state reaction or solventless reaction is a chemical reaction system in the absence of a solvent.
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E number
E numbers are codes for substances that are permitted to be used as food additives for use within the European Union and EFTA.
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E264
E264 can refer to.
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Glossary of chemical formulas
This is a list of common chemical compounds with chemical formulas and CAS numbers, indexed by formula.
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Hexamminecobalt(III) chloride
Hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride is the chemical compound with the formula Cl3.
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Hydrophilic interaction chromatography
Hydrophilic interaction chromatography (or hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, HILIC) is a variant of normal phase liquid chromatography that partly overlaps with other chromatographic applications such as ion chromatography and reversed phase liquid chromatography.
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International Numbering System for Food Additives
The International Numbering System for Food Additives (INS) is a European-based naming system for food additives, aimed at providing a short designation of what may be a lengthy actual name.
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Ionic compound
In chemistry, an ionic compound is a chemical compound composed of ions held together by electrostatic forces termed ionic bonding.
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Kröhnke pyridine synthesis
The Kröhnke pyridine synthesis is reaction in organic synthesis between α-pyridinium methyl ketone salts and α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds used to generate highly functionalized pyridines.
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Lead(II) azide
Lead azide (Pb(N3)2) is an inorganic compound.
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List of additives for hydraulic fracturing
The differences between additives for hydraulic fracturing in different countries are the type of chemicals used (hazardous, non-hazardous), the disclosure of chemicals and the composition of fracturing fluid.
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List of food additives
;Acids: Food acids are added to make flavors "sharper", and also act as preservatives and antioxidants.
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Paracetamol
--> Acetanilide was the first aniline derivative serendipitously found to possess analgesic as well as antipyretic properties, and was quickly introduced into medical practice under the name of Antifebrin by A. Cahn and P. Hepp in 1886. But its unacceptable toxic effects, the most alarming being cyanosis due to methemoglobinemia, prompted the search for less toxic aniline derivatives. Harmon Northrop Morse had already synthesised paracetamol at Johns Hopkins University via the reduction of ''p''-nitrophenol with tin in glacial acetic acid in 1877, but it was not until 1887 that clinical pharmacologist Joseph von Mering tried paracetamol on humans. In 1893, von Mering published a paper reporting on the clinical results of paracetamol with phenacetin, another aniline derivative. Von Mering claimed that, unlike phenacetin, paracetamol had a slight tendency to produce methemoglobinemia. Paracetamol was then quickly discarded in favor of phenacetin. The sales of phenacetin established Bayer as a leading pharmaceutical company. Overshadowed in part by aspirin, introduced into medicine by Heinrich Dreser in 1899, phenacetin was popular for many decades, particularly in widely advertised over-the-counter "headache mixtures", usually containing phenacetin, an aminopyrine derivative of aspirin, caffeine, and sometimes a barbiturate. Paracetamol is the active metabolite of phenacetin and acetanilide, both once popular as analgesics and antipyretics in their own right. However, unlike phenacetin, acetanilide and their combinations, paracetamol is not considered carcinogenic at therapeutic doses. Von Mering's claims remained essentially unchallenged for half a century, until two teams of researchers from the United States analyzed the metabolism of acetanilide and paracetamol. In 1947 David Lester and Leon Greenberg found strong evidence that paracetamol was a major metabolite of acetanilide in human blood, and in a subsequent study they reported that large doses of paracetamol given to albino rats did not cause methemoglobinemia. In three papers published in the September 1948 issue of the Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Bernard Brodie, Julius Axelrod and Frederick Flinn confirmed using more specific methods that paracetamol was the major metabolite of acetanilide in human blood, and established that it was just as efficacious an analgesic as its precursor. They also suggested that methemoglobinemia is produced in humans mainly by another metabolite, phenylhydroxylamine. A follow-up paper by Brodie and Axelrod in 1949 established that phenacetin was also metabolised to paracetamol. This led to a "rediscovery" of paracetamol. It has been suggested that contamination of paracetamol with 4-aminophenol, the substance von Mering synthesised it from, may be the cause for his spurious findings. Paracetamol was first marketed in the United States in 1950 under the name Triagesic, a combination of paracetamol, aspirin, and caffeine. Reports in 1951 of three users stricken with the blood disease agranulocytosis led to its removal from the marketplace, and it took several years until it became clear that the disease was unconnected. Paracetamol was marketed in 1953 by Sterling-Winthrop Co. as Panadol, available only by prescription, and promoted as preferable to aspirin since it was safe for children and people with ulcers. In 1955, paracetamol was marketed as Children's Tylenol Elixir by McNeil Laboratories. In 1956, 500 mg tablets of paracetamol went on sale in the United Kingdom under the trade name Panadol, produced by Frederick Stearns & Co, a subsidiary of Sterling Drug Inc. In 1963, paracetamol was added to the British Pharmacopoeia, and has gained popularity since then as an analgesic agent with few side-effects and little interaction with other pharmaceutical agents. Concerns about paracetamol's safety delayed its widespread acceptance until the 1970s, but in the 1980s paracetamol sales exceeded those of aspirin in many countries, including the United Kingdom. This was accompanied by the commercial demise of phenacetin, blamed as the cause of analgesic nephropathy and hematological toxicity. In 1988 Sterling Winthrop was acquired by Eastman Kodak which sold the over the counter drug rights to SmithKline Beecham in 1994. Available without a prescription since 1959, it has since become a common household drug. Patents on paracetamol have long expired, and generic versions of the drug are widely available.
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Pyridine
Pyridine is a basic heterocyclic organic compound with the chemical formula C5H5N.
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Rosoxacin
Rosoxacin (also known as acrosoxacin, tradename Eradacil) is a quinolone antibiotic indicated for the treatment of urinary tract infections and certain sexually transmitted diseases.
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Sharkdefense
SharkDefense is a research organization and think tank focused on shark bycatch reduction.
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Solubility table
The table below provides information on the variation of solubility of different substances (mostly inorganic compounds) in water with temperature, at 1 atmosphere pressure.
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Terpyridine
Terpyridine (2,2';6',2"-terpyridine, often abbreviated to Terpy or Tpy) is a heterocyclic compound derived from pyridine.
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Tincture
A tincture is typically an alcoholic extract of plant or animal material or solution of such, or of a low volatility substance (such as iodine and mercurochrome).
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Redirects here:
Ammonia acetate, Ammonia-acetate, Ammonium acetate solution, C2H7NO2, CH3COONH4, NH4C2H3O2.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium_acetate
