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32 relations: American Revolutionary War, Battle of Lake Pontchartrain, Battle of Mobile, Battle of Mobile (1781), Bernardo de Gálvez, Bird's invasion of Kentucky, Elias Durnford, Francisco Bouligny, Gálveztown (brig sloop), Gilbert Antoine de St. Maxent, Gulf Coast campaign, History of Mobile, Alabama, John Campbell, of Strachur, Liberty's Kids, List of American Revolutionary War battles, List of battles (alphabetical), List of battles 1601–1800, Louisiana (New Spain), March 14, Mobile, Alabama, Moctezuma II, National Register of Historic Places listings in Mobile, Alabama, Sebastián Calvo de la Puerta y O'Farrill, Siege of Pensacola, Spain–United Kingdom relations, Spanish Fort, Alabama, Spanish West Florida, Timeline of Mobile, Alabama, Timeline of the American Revolution, Timeline of United States history, West Florida, William Pickles (American Revolution).
American Revolutionary War
The American Revolutionary War (17751783), also known as the American War of Independence, was a global war that began as a conflict between Great Britain and its Thirteen Colonies which declared independence as the United States of America. After 1765, growing philosophical and political differences strained the relationship between Great Britain and its colonies. Patriot protests against taxation without representation followed the Stamp Act and escalated into boycotts, which culminated in 1773 with the Sons of Liberty destroying a shipment of tea in Boston Harbor. Britain responded by closing Boston Harbor and passing a series of punitive measures against Massachusetts Bay Colony. Massachusetts colonists responded with the Suffolk Resolves, and they established a shadow government which wrested control of the countryside from the Crown. Twelve colonies formed a Continental Congress to coordinate their resistance, establishing committees and conventions that effectively seized power. British attempts to disarm the Massachusetts militia at Concord, Massachusetts in April 1775 led to open combat. Militia forces then besieged Boston, forcing a British evacuation in March 1776, and Congress appointed George Washington to command the Continental Army. Concurrently, an American attempt to invade Quebec and raise rebellion against the British failed decisively. On July 2, 1776, the Continental Congress voted for independence, issuing its declaration on July 4. Sir William Howe launched a British counter-offensive, capturing New York City and leaving American morale at a low ebb. However, victories at Trenton and Princeton restored American confidence. In 1777, the British launched an invasion from Quebec under John Burgoyne, intending to isolate the New England Colonies. Instead of assisting this effort, Howe took his army on a separate campaign against Philadelphia, and Burgoyne was decisively defeated at Saratoga in October 1777. Burgoyne's defeat had drastic consequences. France formally allied with the Americans and entered the war in 1778, and Spain joined the war the following year as an ally of France but not as an ally of the United States. In 1780, the Kingdom of Mysore attacked the British in India, and tensions between Great Britain and the Netherlands erupted into open war. In North America, the British mounted a "Southern strategy" led by Charles Cornwallis which hinged upon a Loyalist uprising, but too few came forward. Cornwallis suffered reversals at King's Mountain and Cowpens. He retreated to Yorktown, Virginia, intending an evacuation, but a decisive French naval victory deprived him of an escape. A Franco-American army led by the Comte de Rochambeau and Washington then besieged Cornwallis' army and, with no sign of relief, he surrendered in October 1781. Whigs in Britain had long opposed the pro-war Tories in Parliament, and the surrender gave them the upper hand. In early 1782, Parliament voted to end all offensive operations in North America, but the war continued in Europe and India. Britain remained under siege in Gibraltar but scored a major victory over the French navy. On September 3, 1783, the belligerent parties signed the Treaty of Paris in which Great Britain agreed to recognize the sovereignty of the United States and formally end the war. French involvement had proven decisive,Brooks, Richard (editor). Atlas of World Military History. HarperCollins, 2000, p. 101 "Washington's success in keeping the army together deprived the British of victory, but French intervention won the war." but France made few gains and incurred crippling debts. Spain made some minor territorial gains but failed in its primary aim of recovering Gibraltar. The Dutch were defeated on all counts and were compelled to cede territory to Great Britain. In India, the war against Mysore and its allies concluded in 1784 without any territorial changes.
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Battle of Lake Pontchartrain
The Battle of Lake Pontchartrain was a single-ship action on September 10, 1779, part of the Anglo-Spanish War.
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Battle of Mobile
Several historical battles were fought near the town of Mobile, Alabama.
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Battle of Mobile (1781)
The Battle of Mobile was a British attempt to recapture the town of Mobile, in the British province of West Florida, from the Spanish during the Anglo-Spanish War.
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Bernardo de Gálvez
Bernardo Vicente de Gálvez y Madrid, 1st Viscount of Galveston, 1st Count of Gálvez, OCIII (Macharaviaya, Málaga, Spain 25 July 1746 – 30 November 1786) was a Spanish military leader and colonial administrator who served as colonial governor of Spanish Louisiana and Cuba, and later as Viceroy of New Spain.
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Bird's invasion of Kentucky
Bird's invasion of Kentucky during the American Revolutionary War was one phase of an extensive planned series of operations planned by the British in 1780, whereby the entire West, from Quebec to the Gulf of Mexico, was to be swept clear of both Spanish and colonial resistance.
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Elias Durnford
Elias Durnford (13 June 1739 – 21 June 1794) was a British army officer and civil engineer who is best known for surveying the town of Pensacola and laying out a city plan based on two public places (now the Plaza Ferdinand VII and the Seville Square).
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Francisco Bouligny
Don Francisco Domingo Joseph Bouligny (4 September 1736 – 25 November 1800) was a high-ranking military and civilian officer in Spanish Louisiana; he served as lieutenant governor under Bernardo de Gálvez and as acting military governor in 1799.
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Gálveztown (brig sloop)
Gálveztown was the HMS West Florida, which the Continental Navy schooner captured at the Battle of Lake Pontchartrain, which was then in the British province of West Florida.
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Gilbert Antoine de St. Maxent
Gilbert Antoine de St.
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Gulf Coast campaign
The Gulf Coast campaign or the Spanish conquest of West Florida in the American Revolutionary War, was a series of military operations primarily directed by the governor of Spanish Louisiana, Bernardo de Gálvez against the British province of West Florida.
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History of Mobile, Alabama
Mobile was founded as the capital of colonial French Louisiana in 1702 and remained a part of New France for over 60 years.
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John Campbell, of Strachur
General John Campbell, 17th Chief of MacArthur Campbells of Strachur (1727 – 28 August 1806) was a Scottish soldier and nobleman, who commanded the British forces at the Siege of Pensacola, and succeeded Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester as Commander-in-Chief in North America in 1783 following the end of the American War of Independence.
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Liberty's Kids
Liberty's Kids is an animated historical fiction television series produced by DIC Entertainment, originally broadcast on PBS on their PBS Kids block from September 2, 2002 to April 4, 2003, although some PBS stations continued to air reruns until August 2006.
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List of American Revolutionary War battles
This is a list of military actions in the American Revolutionary War.
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List of battles (alphabetical)
Alphabetical list of historical battles (see also Military history, Lists of battles): NOTE: Where a year has been used to disambiguate battles it is the year when the battle started.
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List of battles 1601–1800
No description.
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Louisiana (New Spain)
Louisiana (Luisiana, sometimes called Luciana In some Spanish texts of the time the name of Luciana appears instead of Louisiana, as is the case in the Plan of the Internal Provinces of New Spain made in 1817 by the Spanish militar José Caballero.) was the name of an administrative Spanish Governorate belonging to the Captaincy General of Cuba, part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain from 1762 to 1802 that consisted of territory west of the Mississippi River basin, plus New Orleans.
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March 14
No description.
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Mobile, Alabama
Mobile is the county seat of Mobile County, Alabama, United States.
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Moctezuma II
Moctezuma II (c. 1466 – 29 June 1520), variant spellings include Montezuma, Moteuczoma, Motecuhzoma, Motēuczōmah, and referred to in full by early Nahuatl texts as Motecuhzoma Xocoyotzin (Moctezuma the Young),moteːkʷˈsoːma ʃoːkoˈjoːtsin was the ninth tlatoani or ruler of Tenochtitlan, reigning from 1502 to 1520.
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National Register of Historic Places listings in Mobile, Alabama
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Mobile, Alabama.
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Sebastián Calvo de la Puerta y O'Farrill
Sebastián Calvo de la Puerta y O'Farrill, Marques de Casa-Calvo, (b. 1751/4, d. 1820) was a Spanish nobleman and soldier who served as Governor of Louisiana between 1799 and 1801.
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Siege of Pensacola
The Siege of Pensacola was a siege fought in 1781, the culmination of Spain's conquest of the British province West Florida during the Gulf Coast campaign.
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Spain–United Kingdom relations
Spain–United Kingdom relations, also called Spanish-British relations, are the bilateral international relations between the Kingdom of Spain and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
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Spanish Fort, Alabama
Spanish Fort is a city in Baldwin County, Alabama, United States, located on the eastern shore of Mobile Bay.
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Spanish West Florida
Spanish West Florida (Spanish: Florida Occidental) was a province of the Spanish Empire from 1783 until 1821, when both it and East Florida were ceded to the United States.
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Timeline of Mobile, Alabama
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Mobile, Alabama, USA.
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Timeline of the American Revolution
Timeline of the American Revolution (1760−1791) — timeline of the political upheaval in the 18th century in which Thirteen Colonies in North America joined together for independence from the British Empire, and after victory in the Revolutionary War combined to form the United States of America.
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Timeline of United States history
This is a timeline of United States history, comprising important legal and territorial changes as well as political, social, and economic events in the United States and its predecessor states.
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West Florida
West Florida (Florida Occidental) was a region on the north shore of the Gulf of Mexico that underwent several boundary and sovereignty changes during its history.
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William Pickles (American Revolution)
William Pickles (died September 9, 1783) was an officer of the Continental Navy during the American Revolutionary War.
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Redirects here:
Battle of fort charlotte, Bombardment of Fort Charlotte.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Fort_Charlotte
