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288 relations: Abbas ibn Ali, Abdallah al-Battal, Abdullah Cevdet, Abdyl Frashëri, Ahi Evren, Alavi Bohras, Alawi (disambiguation), Albania, Albania under the Ottoman Empire, Albania–United Kingdom relations, Albanian Australians, Albanian Kingdom (1928–39), Albanian Kingdom (1939–43), Albanian Kingdom (1943–44), Albanian nationalism, Albanian nationalism (Albania), Albanians, Albanians in Egypt, Albanians in Serbia, Albanians in Syria, Albanians in the Republic of Macedonia, Albanians in Turkey, Alevi history, Aleviler, Alevism, Ali Këlcyra, Ali Pasha of Ioannina, Antinomianism, Aqif Pasha Elbasani, Arabati Baba Teḱe, Architecture of Albania, Arwa al-Sulayhi, Asamati, Resen, Ashik, Ashkali and Balkan Egyptians, Ashura, Ashure, Atba-e-Malak Badar, Atba-i-Malak, Atba-i-Malak Vakil, Auspicious Incident, Azerbaijani literature, Çermenikë, Baba (honorific), Baba Faja Martaneshi, Baba Mondi, Baba Reshat, Baba Rexheb, Baba Samit, Baba Shemin, ..., Bajo Topulli, Balım Sultan, Batin (Islam), Batiniyya, Battle of Karbala, Bayramiye, Bazaar Mosque (Gjirokastër), Bektaş, Bektashi Order, Bektashism and folk religion, Boğaziçi University, Bujar Nishani, Catholic Church in Albania, Cemevi, Certain accursed ones of no significance, Cham Albanians, Christianity in Albania, Cretan Turks, Crete, Dalip Frashëri, Dangëllia, Düzgün Baba, Deaths in April 2011, Demographics of Albania, Demographics of Kosovo, Dervish, Destination Mecca, Dhu'ayb ibn Musa, Dibër County, Didymoteicho, Dimitri Kitsikis, Dishnica, Dolna Bela Crkva, Dritëro Agolli, Durrës, Eastern Orthodoxy in Albania, Enver Hoxha, Etëhem Bey Mollaj, François Pétis de la Croix, Freedom of religion in Albania, Freedom of religion in Turkey, Freemasonry in Asia, Fushë-Krujë, Futuwwa, Galatasaray High School, Galibi Order, Gül Baba, Gellért Hill, Ghegs, Giritli Ali Aziz Efendi, Gjirokastër, Gorani people, Gorna Bela Crkva, Gramsh, Greek Muslims, Hacı Bayram-ı Veli, Hacıbektaş, Hadji Mustafa Pasha, Haji Bektash Veli, Haji Bektash Veli Complex, Hasan al-Basri, Hasan Zyko Kamberi, Hebtiahs Bohra, Hellenoturkism, History of Albania, History of Azerbaijan, History of Istanbul, Hurufism, Husein Gradaščević, Ibrahim Biçakçiu, Ilir Meta, Imadaddin Nasimi, Imamah (Shia), Imamate, Index of Albania-related articles, Index of Sufism-related articles, Intermediate Region, Irène Mélikoff, Irreligion in Albania, Ishikism, Islam in Albania, Islam in Albania (1913–1944), Islam in Central Asia, Islam in Greece, Islam in Turkey, Islamic schools and branches, Islamization of Albania, Ismail I, Ismail Qemali, Isperih, Janissaries, Jasna Šamić, Jerrahi, Kalan Müzik, Kaliakra, Kararname (League of Prizren), Karbunarë, Kastoria, Kavajë, Kâzım Özalp, Khanqah, Khurramites, Konitsa, Korçë, Kosovan Australians, Kosovo, Krani, Krastë, Dibër, Krifo scholio, Krujë, Krujë Castle, Kul Nesîmî, Kurds, Kuyucu Murad Pasha, Labëria, Lataif-e-sitta, Lazarat, Leskovik, Libohovë, List of English words of Turkic origin, List of founders of religious traditions, List of ideologies named after people, List of multinational festivals and holidays, List of pantheist groups, List of pastoral visits of Pope Francis, List of people from Michigan, List of poets, List of religions and spiritual traditions, List of Shia Muslims, List of Sufi orders, List of Turkish exonyms in Bulgaria, Ljubojno, Logovisual technology, Luma (region), Madhhab, Mahmud II, Mallakastër, Maraş massacre, Martanesh, Mehdi Frashëri, Melnica, Čaška, Menduh Zavalani, Midhat Pasha, Mihal Turtulli, Mirror writing, Moorish Orthodox Church of America, Muhammad Ali of Egypt, Muhammed al-Ahari, Mustafa Merlika-Kruja, Naim Frashëri, Nakolec, Naseeb, Nasibi Tahir Babai, Neyzen Tevfik, Nowruz, Old Bazaar, Gjakova, Omer Pasha Vrioni II, Otman Baba, Ottoman clothing, Ottoman Hungary, Ottoman persecution of Alevis, Outline of Islam, Pagaruša, Studeničani, Pamiris, Panentheism, Picar, Principality of Albania, Progressive Dawoodi Bohra, Public holidays in Albania, Qalandariyya, 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Dervish Cara, Vallahades, Vlorë County, Xhafer Bej Ypi, Yazdânism, Zahediyeh, Zall Teqe, Zenel Bastari, 1541 in literature, 1541 in poetry. 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Abbas ibn Ali
Al-Abbas ibn Ali (العباس بن علي, عباس فرزند علی), also Qamar Banī Hāshim (the moon of Banu Hashim) (born 4th Sha‘bān 26 AH – 10 Muharram 61 AH; approximately May 15, 647 – October 10, 680), was the son of Imam Ali, the first Imam of Shia Muslims and the fourth Caliph of Sunni Muslims, and Fatima bint Hizam, commonly known as Mother of the Sons ('أم البنين'). Abbas is revered by Shia Muslims for his loyalty to his half-brother Hussein, his respect for the Households of Muhammad, and his role in the Battle of Karbala. Abbas is buried in the Shrine of Abbas in Karbala, Karbala Governorate, Iraq, where he was martyred during the Battle of Karbala on the day of Ashura. He was praised for his "handsome looks".
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Abdallah al-Battal
Abdallah al-Battal (عبدالله البطال; "Abdallah the Hero", died in 740) was a Muslim Arab commander in the Arab–Byzantine Wars of the early 8th century, participating in several of the campaigns launched by the Umayyad Caliphate against the Byzantine Empire.
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Abdullah Cevdet
Abdullah Cevdet (عبدالله جودت‎; Abdullah Cevdet Karlıdağ; 9 September 1869 – 29 November 1932) was an Ottoman-born Turkish intellectual and physician of ethnic Kurdish origin.
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Abdyl Frashëri
Abdyl Halid bej Frashëri or Abdullah-Hysni Dume bej Frashëri (Fraşerli Abdül Bey; 1 June 1839 – 23 October 1892) was a prominent Hero of Albania.
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Ahi Evren
Ahi Evran (1169–1261), real name Sheykh Nasreddin Abul Hakayik Mahmud bin Ahmed al-Hoyi but popularly known as Pir Ahi Evran-ı Veli, was a Turkish Bektashi preacher who came to Trabzon during the Empire of Trebizond and extended Islam in the region.
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Alavi Bohras
The Alavi Bohras (علوي بھرۃ) are a Taiyebi Musta'alavi Isma'ili Shi'i Muslim community from Gujarat, India.
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Alawi (disambiguation)
Alawi (علوي), also Alewi, Alevi, Alavi, Alawid, or Alawite (Alaouite), means "of or related to Ali", the Prophet Muhammad's nephew.
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Albania
Albania (Shqipëri/Shqipëria; Shqipni/Shqipnia or Shqypni/Shqypnia), officially the Republic of Albania (Republika e Shqipërisë), is a country in Southeastern Europe.
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Albania under the Ottoman Empire
Albania was ruled by the Ottoman Empire in different periods from 1480 to 1912.
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Albania–United Kingdom relations
Albania – United Kingdom relations refer to the current and historical relations of Albania and United Kingdom.
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Albanian Australians
Albanian Australians (Shqiptarë Australian) are residents of Australia who are of Albanian heritage or descent, often from Albania and Kosovo but also Montenegro and Macedonia.
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Albanian Kingdom (1928–39)
The Kingdom of Albania (Gheg Albanian: Mbretnija Shqiptare, Standard Albanian: Mbretëria Shqiptare) was the official name of Albania between 1928 and 1939.
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Albanian Kingdom (1939–43)
The Albanian Kingdom (Gheg Albanian: Mbretnija Shqiptare, Standard Albanian: Mbretëria Shqiptare, Regno albanese), also known as Greater Albania, existed as a protectorate of the Kingdom of Italy.
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Albanian Kingdom (1943–44)
The Albanian Kingdom (Albanian: Mbretëria Shqiptare, German: Königreich Albanien) existed as a de jure independent country, between 1943 and 1944.
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Albanian nationalism
Albanian nationalism is a general grouping of nationalist ideas and concepts generated by ethnic Albanians that were first formed in the 19th century during the Albanian National Awakening (Rilindja).
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Albanian nationalism (Albania)
Albanian nationalism emerged in Albania during the 19th century.
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Albanians
The Albanians (Shqiptarët) are a European ethnic group that is predominantly native to Albania, Kosovo, western Macedonia, southern Serbia, southeastern Montenegro and northwestern Greece, who share a common ancestry, culture and language.
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Albanians in Egypt
The Albanian community in Egypt started by Ottoman rulers and military personnel appointed in the Egyptian province.
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Albanians in Serbia
Albanians in Serbia (Shqiptarët në Serbi; Албанци у Србији / Albanci u Srbiji) are an officially recognized ethnic minority living in the present-day country of Serbia.
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Albanians in Syria
Albanians in Syria (Shqiptarët në Siri) constitute a community of about 5,000 to 10,000 inhabitants, – shqiptarja.com primarily in the cities of Damascus and Hama, Aleppo and Latakia.
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Albanians in the Republic of Macedonia
Albanians are the largest ethnic minority in the Republic of Macedonia.
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Albanians in Turkey
Albanians in Turkey (Shqiptarët në Turqi, Türkiye'deki Arnavutlar) are ethnic Albanian citizens and denizens of Turkey.
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Alevi history
The History of the Shī‘ah Imāmī Alevī Ṭarīqah or The History of the Alevism is that of a community of Shia Muslims of Anatolia and neighbouring regions.
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Aleviler
Aleviler is an idiom to characterize the Zaydids of Tabaristan, Daylam and Gilan; the Bātinī-IsmāʿīlīsBalcıoğlu, Tahir Harimî, Türk Tarihinde Mezhep Cereyanları - The course of madh'hab events in Turkish history (Preface and notes by Hilmi Ziya Ülken), Ahmet Sait Press, 271 pages, Kanaat Publications, Istanbul, 1940.
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Alevism
Alevism (Alevîlik or Anadolu Alevîliği/Alevileri, also called Qizilbash, or Shī‘ah Imāmī-Tasawwufī Ṭarīqah, or Shīʿah-ī Bāṭen’īyyah) is a syncretic, heterodox, and local tradition, whose adherents follow the mystical (''bāṭenī'') teachings of Ali, the Twelve Imams, and a descendant—the 13th century Alevi saint Haji Bektash Veli.
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Ali Këlcyra
Ali Këlcyra (May 28, 1891 – September 24, 1963) born Ali Klissura, was an Albanian lord (bey), a member of the Albanian parliament in the 1920s.
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Ali Pasha of Ioannina
Ali Pasha (1740 – 24 January 1822), variously referred to as of Tepelena or of Janina/Yannina/Ioannina, or the Lion of Yannina, was an Ottoman Albanian ruler who served as pasha of a large part of western Rumelia, the Ottoman Empire's European territories, which was referred to as the Pashalik of Yanina.
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Antinomianism
Antinomianism (from the Greek: ἀντί, "against" + νόμος, "law"), is any view which rejects laws or legalism and is against moral, religious, or social norms (Latin: mores), or is at least considered to do so.
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Aqif Pasha Elbasani
Aqif Pasha Elbasani (1860 or 1861 – 1926), also referred as Aqif Pashë Elbasani, Aqif Pashë Biçaku, Aqif Pashë Biçakçiu, was an Albanian political figure.
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Arabati Baba Teḱe
The Arabati Baba Tekḱe is a tekḱe located in Tetovo, Republic of Macedonia.
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Architecture of Albania
The Architecture of Albania (— Arkitektura e Shqipërisë) is a reflection of Albania's historical and cultural heritage.
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Arwa al-Sulayhi
Arwa bint Asma (أروى بنت أحمد بن محمد بن جعفر بن موسى الصليحي الإسماعيلية Arwa bint Asma Muḥammad ibn Jaʿfar ibn Mūsá ṣ-Ṣulayḥī al-Ismā'īliyyah, c. 1048–1138, died 22nd Shaban, 532 AH) was the long-reigning ruler of Yemen, firstly as the co-ruler of her first two husbands and then as sole ruler, from 1067 until her death in 1138.
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Asamati, Resen
Asamati (Асамати; Asamat, Osomat) is a village in the Resen Municipality of the Republic of Macedonia, on the northeastern shore of Lake Prespa.
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Ashik
An Ashik was traditionally a singer who accompanied his song— be it a dastan (traditional epic story, also known as hikaye) or a shorter original composition—with a long necked lute (bağlama) in Azerbaijani culture and related Turkic cultures.
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Ashkali and Balkan Egyptians
The Ashkali (also Aškalije, Haškalije, Hashkali) and Balkan Egyptians (Jevgs, Egjiptjant or Gjupci) are Albanian-speaking ethnic cultural minorities (recognized communities) which mainly inhabit Kosovo.
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Ashura
Ashura (عاشوراء, colloquially:; عاشورا; عاشورا; Azerbaijani and Turkish: Aşura Günü or Day of Remembrance), and in Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago 'Hussay' or Hosay, is the tenth day of Muharram in the Islamic calendar.
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Ashure
Ashure (Turkish: aşure; Bulgarian and Macedonian: ашуре; Greek: ασουρές) or Noah's Pudding is a Turkish dessert porridge that is made of a mixture consisting of grains, fruits, dried fruits and nuts.
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Atba-e-Malak Badar
The Atba-i-Malak Badar are a branch of Atba-i-Malak Mustaali Ismaili Shi'a Islam.
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Atba-i-Malak
The Atba-i-Malak jamaat (community) are a branch of Taiyabi Mustaali Ismaili Shi'a Islam that broke off from the mainstream Dawoodi Bohra after the death of the 46th Da'i al-Mutlaq, under the leadership of Abdul Hussain Jivaji in 1891.
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Atba-i-Malak Vakil
The Atba-i-Malak Vakil are a branch of Atba-i-Malak Mustaali Ismaili Shi'a Islam.
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Auspicious Incident
The Auspicious Incident (or EventGoodwin, pp. 296–299.) (Turkish: (in Istanbul) Vaka-i Hayriye "Fortunate Event"; (in the Balkans) Vaka-i Şerriyye, "Unfortunate Incident") was the forced disbandment of the centuries-old Janissary corps by Sultan Mahmud II on 15 June 1826.
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Azerbaijani literature
Azerbaijani literature (Azərbaycan ədəbiyyatı) refers to the literature written in Azerbaijani, a Turkic language, which currently is the official state language of the Republic of Azerbaijan and is the first-language of most people in Iranian Azerbaijan.
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Çermenikë
Çermenikë or Çermenika is an upland northeast of Elbasan, in central Albania.
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Baba (honorific)
Baba (بابا, baba, بابا, بابا; Sanskrit, Hindi and Marathi:; Assamese and Bengali: বাবা; Punjabi: ਬਾਬਾ; father; grandfather; wise old man; sir,Platts, John T. (John Thompson). A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English. London: W. H. Allen & Co., 1884.) is a Persian and Sanskrit honorific term used in several West Asian and South Asian cultures.
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Baba Faja Martaneshi
Baba Faja Martaneshi (1910 - 18 March 1947) was an Albanian Bektashi baba (Sufi) and a resistance leader during the National Liberation War of the Albanian People.
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Baba Mondi
Edmond Brahimaj or Grandfather Hajji Baba Mondi (Haxhi Baba Edmond Brahimaj) (born 1959 or 1960) is an Albanian religious leader and the world leader (Kryegjysh) of the Bektashi Order, an Islamic Sufi order based in Tirana (Albania) and the Balkans.
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Baba Reshat
Reshat Bardhi or Baba Hajji Dede Reshat Bardhi (Baba Haxhi Dede Reshat Bardhi) (March 4, 1935 – April 2, 2011) was an Albanian religious leader and the former leader (kryegjysh) of the Bektashi Order, an Islamic Sufi order based in Albania and other countries.
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Baba Rexheb
Rexheb Beqiri (18 August 190110 August 1995), better known by the religious name Baba Rexheb, was an Albanian Islamic scholar and Sufi.
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Baba Samit
Baba Samit was a Shia Sufi tariqa that gained widespread following in medieval Azerbaijan and Turkey.
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Baba Shemin
Baba Shemin (died 1831), known as Baba Shemin of Fushë-Krujë or Baba Shemin of Krujë was an Albanian Bektashi priest, poet, and martyr.
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Bajo Topulli
Bajo Topulli (1868–1930) was an Albanian nationalist figure of the Albanian National Awakening.
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Balım Sultan
Balım Sultan is the greatest personality in the Bektashi Order after Hacı Bektaş-ı Veli (Haji Bektash) and he is regarded as the “Second Pir”.
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Batin (Islam)
Bāṭin (باطن) literally means "inner", "inward", "hidden", etc.
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Batiniyya
Batiniyya (Bāṭiniyyah) refers to groups that distinguish between an outer, exoteric (zāhir) and an inner, esoteric (bāṭin) meaning in Islamic scriptures.
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Battle of Karbala
The Battle of Karbala took place on Muharram 10, in the year 61 AH of the Islamic calendar (October 10, 680 AD) in Karbala, in present-day Iraq.
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Bayramiye
Bayrami, Bayramiye, Bayramiyya, Bayramiyye, and Bayramilik refer to a Turkish Sufi order (tariqah) founded by Hajji Bayram (Hacı Bayram-ı Veli) in Ankara around the year 1400 as a combination of Khalwatī, Naqshbandī, and Akbarī Sufi Orders.
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Bazaar Mosque (Gjirokastër)
Gjirokastër Mosque (Xhamia e Gjirokastrës), also known as the Bazaar Mosque (Xhamia e Pazarit), is a mosque located in Gjirokastër, Albania.
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Bektaş
Bektaş or Bektash is a Turkic name.
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Bektashi Order
Bektashi Order or Shī‘ah Imāmī Alevī-Bektāshī Ṭarīqah (Tarikati Bektashi; Bektaşi Tarîkatı) is a dervish order (tariqat) named after the 13th century Alevi Wali (saint) Haji Bektash Veli from Khorasan, but founded by Balım Sultan.
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Bektashism and folk religion
Folk religious practices remain in the Bektashiyyah tariqa and certain practices are also found to a lesser extent in Balkan Christianity and non-Bektashi Balkan Islam as well, according to some Western Islamic scholars.
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Boğaziçi University
Boğaziçi University (also known as Bosphorus University, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi, "Boğaziçi" literally meaning Bosphorus in Turkish) is a major research university located on the European side of the Bosphorus strait in Istanbul, Turkey.
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Bujar Nishani
Bujar Nishani (born 29 September 1964) is an Albanian politician who was President of Albania from 24 July 2012 to 24 July 2017.
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Catholic Church in Albania
The Catholic Church in Albania is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope in Rome.
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Cemevi
A cemevi or cem evi (pronounced and sometimes written as djemevi; meaning literally "a house of gathering" in Turkish or more precisely, "house of cem") is a place of fundamental importance for Turkey's Alevi-Bektashiyyah tariqa populations and traditions.
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Certain accursed ones of no significance
"Certain accursed ones of no significance" is the term used by Taş Köprü Zade in the Şakaiki Numaniye to describe some members of the Hurufiyya who became intimate with the Sultan Mehmed II to the extent of initiating him as a follower.
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Cham Albanians
Cham Albanians, or Chams (Çamë, Τσάμηδες Tsámidhes), are a sub-group of Albanians who originally resided in the western part of the region of Epirus in northwestern Greece, an area known among Albanians as Chameria.
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Christianity in Albania
Christianity in Albania was established throughout the country in 325 AD.
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Cretan Turks
The Cretan Turks (Greek Τουρκοκρητικοί or Τουρκοκρήτες, Tourkokritikí or Tourkokrítes, Turkish Giritli, Girit Türkleri, or Giritli Türkler), Muslim-Cretans or Cretan Muslims were the Muslim inhabitants of the Greek island of Crete (until 1923) and now their descendants, who settled principally in Turkey, the Dodecanese Islands under Italian administration (now part of Greece after World War 2), Syria (notably in the village of Al-Hamidiyah), Lebanon, Palestine, Libya, and Egypt, as well as in the larger Turkish diaspora.
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Crete
Crete (Κρήτη,; Ancient Greek: Κρήτη, Krḗtē) is the largest and most populous of the Greek islands, the 88th largest island in the world and the fifth largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, after Sicily, Sardinia, Cyprus, and Corsica.
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Dalip Frashëri
Dalip Frashëri, also known with the pen-name Hyxhretiu (the exiled), was an Albanian Bektashi poet and religious leader of the 19th century.
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Dangëllia
Dangëllia is a traditional or "ethnographic" region of Albania, located primarily around the towns of Përmet and Frashëri, although the exact definition of its borders varies.
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Düzgün Baba
Bava Duzgı (Kırmanckî) or Dızgun Bava (Kurmancî) is a popular character in Dersim Province.
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Deaths in April 2011
The following is a list of notable deaths in April 2011.
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Demographics of Albania
This article is about the demographic features of the population of Albania, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
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Demographics of Kosovo
The Kosovo Agency of Statistics monitors various demographic features of the population of Kosovo, such as population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
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Dervish
A dervish or darvesh (from درویش, Darvīsh) is someone guiding a Sufi Muslim ascetic down a path or "tariqah", known for their extreme poverty and austerity.
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Destination Mecca
Destination Mecca is an early book by the writer Idries Shah, who went on to produce an extensive corpus of material on Sufism that is both accessible and relevant to contemporary western readers.
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Dhu'ayb ibn Musa
Dhu’ayb bin Mūsā al-Wādi‘ī al-Hamdānī (died 10 Muharram 546 AH (1151 CE) in Hooth, Yemen) was the first Da'i al-Mutlaq, a position of spiritual authority in Musta'li Isma'ili Islam.
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Dibër County
Dibër County (Qarku i Dibrës) is one of the 12 counties of the Republic of Albania, spanning a surface area of with the capital in Peshkopi.
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Didymoteicho
Didymóteicho (Διδυμότειχο) is a town located on the eastern edge of the Evros regional unit of East Macedonia and Thrace, in northeastern Greece.
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Dimitri Kitsikis
Dimitri Kitsikis (Δημήτρης Κιτσίκης; born 2 June 1935) is a Greek Turkologist and Sinologist, Professor of International Relations and Geopolitics.
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Dishnica
Dishnica is a traditional or "ethnographic" region of Albania, located in the Northern parts of former Përmet District and some nearby areas, with its exact borders occasionally being fuzzy.
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Dolna Bela Crkva
Dolna Bela Crkva (Долна Бела Црвка, meaning Lower White Church; Bollocërkë e Poshtme) is a village in the Resen Municipality of the Republic of Macedonia, north of Lake Prespa.
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Dritëro Agolli
Dritëro Agolli (13 October 1931 – 3 February 2017) was an Albanian poet, writer, politician, and former president of the Albanian League of Writers and Artists.
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Durrës
Durrës (Durazzo,, historically known as Epidamnos and Dyrrachium, is the second most populous city of the Republic of Albania. The city is the capital of the surrounding Durrës County, one of 12 constituent counties of the country. By air, it is northwest of Sarandë, west of Tirana, south of Shkodër and east of Rome. Located on the Adriatic Sea, it is the country's most ancient and economic and historic center. Founded by Greek colonists from Corinth and Corfu under the name of Epidamnos (Επίδαμνος) around the 7th century BC, the city essentially developed to become significant as it became an integral part of the Roman Empire and its successor the Byzantine Empire. The Via Egnatia, the continuation of the Via Appia, started in the city and led across the interior of the Balkan Peninsula to Constantinople in the east. In the Middle Ages, it was contested between Bulgarian, Venetian and Ottoman dominions. Following the declaration of independence of Albania, the city served as the capital of the Principality of Albania for a short period of time. Subsequently, it was annexed by the Kingdom of Italy and Nazi Germany in the interwar period. Moreover, the city experienced a strong expansion in its demography and economic activity during the Communism in Albania. Durrës is served by the Port of Durrës, one of the largest on the Adriatic Sea, which connects the city to Italy and other neighbouring countries. Its most considerable attraction is the Amphitheatre of Durrës that is included on the tentative list of Albania for designation as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Once having a capacity for 20,000 people, it is the largest amphitheatre in the Balkan Peninsula.
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Eastern Orthodoxy in Albania
Eastern Orthodoxy in Albania arrived in the area of contemporary Albania during the Roman period.
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Enver Hoxha
Enver Halil Hoxha (16 October 190811 April 1985) was an Albanian communist politician who served as the head of state of Albania from 1944 until his death in 1985, as the First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania.
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Etëhem Bey Mollaj
Etëhem Bey Mollaj (1783–1846), also known as Haxhi bey Tirana Etëhem or Et'hem be Mollaj, was an Albanian poet of the Bejtexhinj era.
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François Pétis de la Croix
François Pétis de la Croix (1653–1713) was a French orientalist.
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Freedom of religion in Albania
The Constitution of Albania provides for freedom of religion, and the Government has generally respected this right in practice.
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Freedom of religion in Turkey
Turkey is a secular country in accordance with Article 24 of its constitution.
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Freemasonry in Asia
This is a general survey on the historical and modern presence of Freemasonry in countries located in Asia.
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Fushë-Krujë
Fushë-Krujë is a town in Durrës County, Albania.
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Futuwwa
Futuwwa (Arabic: فتوة, "young-manliness" or "chivalry") was a conception of moral behavior around which myriad institutions of Medieval confraternity developed.
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Galatasaray High School
Galatasaray High School (Galatasaray Lisesi, Lycée de Galatasaray) is one of the most influential high schools in modern Turkey.
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Galibi Order
The Galibi Order of Sufism is a descendant of the Qadiriya and Rifa'iya orders – the integration of the earliest and the most popular orders established in Islam.
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Gül Baba
Gül Baba (died 1541), also known as Jafer, was an Ottoman Bektashi dervish poet and companion of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent who took part in a number of Ottoman invasions of Europe from the reign of Mehmed II onwards.
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Gellért Hill
Gellért Hill (Gellért-hegy; Blocksberg; Mons Sancti Gerhardi; Gürz İlyas Bayırı) is a high hill overlooking the Danube in Budapest, Hungary.
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Ghegs
The Ghegs or Gegs (Gegët) are one of two major ethnic subgroups of Albanians (the other being the Tosks) differentiated by their cultural, linguistic, social and religious characteristics.
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Giritli Ali Aziz Efendi
Giritli Ali Aziz Efendi (Kandiye (Heraklion), 1749-29 October 1798, Berlin) was an Ottoman ambassador and an Ottoman author of the late-18th century and he is notable for his novel "Muhayyelât" (Imaginations), a unique work of fiction blending personal and fantastic themes, well in the current of the traditional Ottoman prose, but also exhibiting influences from Western literature.
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Gjirokastër
Gjirokastër is a city in southern Albania, on a valley between the Gjerë mountains and the Drino, at 300 metres above sea level.
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Gorani people
The Gorani (Горани) or Goranci (Serbian Cyrillic: Горанци) are a Slavic Muslim ethnic group inhabiting the Gora region - the triangle between Kosovo, Albania, and the Republic of Macedonia.
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Gorna Bela Crkva
Gorna Bela Crkva (Горна Бела Црква, meaning Upper White Church; Bollocërkë e Sipërme; Yukarı Bela Tsırkva) is a village in the Resen Municipality of the Republic of Macedonia, north of Lake Prespa.
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Gramsh
Gramsh (Gramshi) is a town and a municipality in Elbasan County, central Albania.
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Greek Muslims
Greek Muslims, also known as Greek-speaking Muslims, are Muslims of Greek ethnic origin whose adoption of Islam (and often the Turkish language and identity) dates to the period of Ottoman rule in the southern Balkans.
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Hacı Bayram-ı Veli
Hacı Bayram-ı Veli or Haji Bayram Wali (الحاج بيرم ولي) (1352–1430) was a Turkish poet, a Sufi, and the founder of the Bayrami Sufi order.
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Hacıbektaş
Hacıbektaş, formerly Karahöyük, is a town and district of Nevşehir Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey.
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Hadji Mustafa Pasha
Hadji Mustafa Pasha (Hadži Mustafa-paša, Хаџи Мустафа-паша, Hacı Mustafa Şinikoğlu Paşa; 1733—15 December 1801) was an Ottoman commander and politician of Greek Muslim origin who lived in Sanjak of Smederevo (in modern-day Serbia).
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Haji Bektash Veli
Haji Bektash Veli or Ḥājī Baktāsh Walī (حاجی بکتاش ولی Ḥājī Baktāš Walī; Hacı Bektaş-ı Veli) was an Alevi Muslim mystic, saint, Sayyid, humanist, and philosopher, who lived from 1209 to 1271.
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Haji Bektash Veli Complex
The Haji Bektash Veli complex (Hacıbektaş Külliyesi) is an Alevi Cultural Monument of the Republic of Turkey, located in Hacıbektaş, Nevshehir province.
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Hasan al-Basri
Abū Saʿīd b. Abi ’l-Ḥasan Yasār al-Baṣrī, often referred to as Ḥasan of Basra (Arabic: حسن البصري, Ḥasan al-Baṣrī; 642 - 15 October 728) for short, or reverentially as Imam Ḥasan al-Baṣrī in Sunni Islam, was an early Muslim preacher, ascetic, theologian, exegete, scholar, judge, and mystic.
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Hasan Zyko Kamberi
Hasan Zyko Kamberi was a distinguished bejtexhi (bard) writer of Albanian literature.
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Hebtiahs Bohra
The Hebtiahs Bohra are a branch of Mustaali Ismaili Shi'a Islam that broke off from the mainstream Dawoodi Bohra after the death of the 39th Da'i al-Mutlaq in 1754.
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Hellenoturkism
Hellenoturkism is a political concept that encompasses two things: a) a fact of civilization i.e. the co-habitation and interdependence, since the 11th century A.D., of the Greek and Turkish peoples and cultures, and b) a political ideology based on the above civilizational phenomenon, which aims at establishing a Greek-Turkish political ensemble.
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History of Albania
The history of Albania forms a part of the history of Europe.
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History of Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan is a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia.
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History of Istanbul
The city today known as Istanbul has been the site of human settlement for approximately three thousand years.
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Hurufism
Hurufism (حروفية hurufiyya, adjective form hurufi literal meaning "letters") was a Sufi doctrine, which was born in Astrabad and spread in areas of western Persia and Anatolia in later 14th – early 15th century.
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Husein Gradaščević
Husein Gradaščević (31 August 1802–17 August 1834) was an Ottoman Bosnian and later independent Bosniak military commander who later led a rebellion against the Ottoman government, seeking autonomy for Bosnia.
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Ibrahim Biçakçiu
Ibrahim Aqif Biçakçiu (also known as Ibrahim Biçaku) was an Albanian landowner and Axis collaborator, Prime Minister of Albania during the Nazi occupation, from September 25 to October 24, 1943 and from August 29 to November 28, 1944.
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Ilir Meta
Ilir Meta (born 24 March 1969) is an Albanian diplomat and politician who has served as President of Albania since 24 July 2017.
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Imadaddin Nasimi
‘Alī ‘Imādu d-Dīn Nasīmī (Seyid Əli İmadəddin Nəsimi عمادالدین نسیمی, عمادالدین نسیمی), often known as Nesimi, (1369 – 1417 skinned alive in Aleppo) was a 14th-century Azerbaijani or Turkmen Ḥurūfī poet.
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Imamah (Shia)
In Shia Islam, the imamah (إمامة) is the doctrine that the figures known as imams are rightfully the central figures of the ummah; the entire Shi'ite system of doctrine focuses on the imamah.
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Imamate
Imamate (إمامة imāmah) is a word derived from imam and meaning "leadership".
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Index of Albania-related articles
Articles (arranged alphabetically) related to Albania include.
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Index of Sufism-related articles
A list of topics related to the topic of Sufism.
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Intermediate Region
The Intermediate Region is an established geopolitical model set forth in the 1970s by the Greek historian Dimitri Kitsikis, professor at the University of Ottawa in Canada.
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Irène Mélikoff
Irène Mélikoff (7 November 1917 – 8 January 2009) was a Russian-born French Turkologist with Azerbaijani ancestry.
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Irreligion in Albania
Irreligion, atheism and agnosticism are present among Albanians (see religion in Albania), along with the predominant faiths of Islam and Christianity.
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Ishikism
Ishikism, (Işıkçılık) or Ishik Alevism (Işık Aleviliği), also known as Chinarism (Çınarcılık), is a syncretic religious movement among Alevis who have developed an alternative understanding of Alevism and its history.
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Islam in Albania
Islam in Albania mainly arrived during the Ottoman period when the majority of Albanians over time converted to Islam and in particular two of its denominations: Sunni and Bektashi (a Shia-Sufi order).
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Islam in Albania (1913–1944)
Islam in Albania (1913–1944) was characterised by an increasing secularisation of Albanian society which had begun with Albanian Independence in 1912 carrying on influences from the Albanian National Awakening.
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Islam in Central Asia
Islam in Central Asia has existed since the beginning of Islamic history.
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Islam in Greece
Islam in Greece is represented by two distinct communities; Muslims that have lived in Greece since the times of the Ottoman Empire (primarily in East Macedonia and Thrace) and Muslim immigrants that began arriving in the last quarter of the 20th century, mainly in Athens and Thessaloniki.
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Islam in Turkey
Islam in Turkey, The established presence of Islam in the region that now constitutes modern Turkey dates back to the latter half of the 11th century, when the Seljuks started expanding into eastern Anatolia.
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Islamic schools and branches
This article summarizes the different branches and schools in Islam.
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Islamization of Albania
The Islamization of Albania occurred as a result of the Ottoman conquest of Albania during the late 14th century.
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Ismail I
Ismail I (Esmāʿīl,; July 17, 1487 – May 23, 1524), also known as Shah Ismail I (شاه اسماعیل), was the founder of the Safavid dynasty, ruling from 1501 to 23 May 1524 as Shah of Iran (Persia).
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Ismail Qemali
Ismail Qemal Bej Vlora (16 October 1844 – 24 January 1919), commonly Ismail Qemali, was a member of the Albanian national movement.
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Isperih
Isperih (Исперих; Kemallar) is a town in northeastern Bulgaria, part of Razgrad Province, situated in the central part of the Ludogorie region.
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Janissaries
The Janissaries (يڭيچرى, meaning "new soldier") were elite infantry units that formed the Ottoman Sultan's household troops, bodyguards and the first modern standing army in Europe.
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Jasna Šamić
Jasna Šamić (born 1 April 1949) is a Bosnian and French writer, author of books (poetry, novels, short stories, essays, research work, theater plays) written both in the French and Bosnian language.
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Jerrahi
The Jerrahi (Cerrahiyye, Cerrahilik) are a Sufi tariqah (order) derived from the Halveti order.
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Kalan Müzik
Kalan Müzik or Kalan Music for the West is a Turkish independent record label company based in Istanbul.
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Kaliakra
Kaliakra (Калиакра) is a long and narrow headland in the Southern Dobruja region of the northern Bulgarian Black Sea Coast, east of Kavarna, northeast of Varna and southwest of Mangalia.
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Kararname (League of Prizren)
The Kararname ("Decree") of Prizren Committee for National Defence is the name of the decree (the Book of Decisions) signed by 47 Muslim deputies from the districts of Prizren, Yakova (present-day Gjakova), Ipek (present-day Peć), Gucia, Yeni Pazar (present-day Novi Pazar), Sjenica, Pljevlja, Mitrovica, Vučitrn, Pristina, Gnjilane, Skopje, Kalkandelen (present-day Tetovo), Kičevo, Gostivar, and Lower Dibra (present-day Peshkopi) and Upper Dibra (present-day Debar) on June 18, 1878.
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Karbunarë
Karbunarë (with the definite form of Karbunara) is a former municipality in the Fier County, western Albania.
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Kastoria
Kastoria (Καστοριά, Kastoriá) is a city in northern Greece in the region of West Macedonia.
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Kavajë
Kavajë (Kavaja) is a municipality centrally located in the Western Lowlands region of Albania.
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Kâzım Özalp
Kâzım Fikri Özalp (1880 – 6 June 1968) was a Turkish military officer, politician, and one of the leading figures in the Turkish War of Independence.
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Khanqah
A khanqah or khaniqah (also transliterated as khankahs, khaneqa, khanegah or khaneqah (خانقاه)), also known as a ribat (رباط) – among other terms – is a building designed specifically for gatherings of a Sufi brotherhood or tariqa and is a place for spiritual retreat and character reformation.
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Khurramites
The Khurramites (خرمدینان Khorram-Dīnân, meaning "those of the Joyful Religion") were an IranianW.
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Konitsa
Konitsa (Κόνιτσα) is a town of Ioannina in Epirus, Greece, near the Albanian border.
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Korçë
Korçë ((Korça), other names see below) is a city and municipality in southeastern Albania, and the seat of Korçë County.
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Kosovan Australians
Kosovan Australians or Kosovar Australians is a community of Kosovo-born people in Australia.
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Kosovo
Kosovo (Kosova or Kosovë; Косово) is a partially recognised state and disputed territory in Southeastern Europe that declared independence from Serbia in February 2008 as the Republic of Kosovo (Republika e Kosovës; Република Косово / Republika Kosovo).
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Krani
Krani (Крани; Kranjë) is a village in the Resen Municipality of the Republic of Macedonia, roughly south of the municipal centre of Resen.
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Krastë, Dibër
Krastë (Krasta) is a small town in Dibër County, east Albania.
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Krifo scholio
In Greek history, a krifó scholió (Greek "κρυφό σκολειό" or "κρυφό σχολείο", lit. 'secret school') was a supposed underground school for teaching the Greek language and Christian doctrine, provided by the Greek Orthodox Church under Ottoman rule in Greece between the 15th and 19th centuries.
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Krujë
Krujë (Kruja, see also the etymology section) is a town and a municipality in north central Albania.
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Krujë Castle
The Krujë castle (Kalaja e Krujës) is a castle in the city of Krujë, Albania and the center of Skanderbeg's rebellion against the Ottoman Empire.
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Kul Nesîmî
Kul Nesîmî, or simply Nesîmî, was an Ottoman Alevi-Bektashi poet, who lived in the 17th century in Anatolia.
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Kurds
The Kurds (rtl, Kurd) or the Kurdish people (rtl, Gelî kurd), are an ethnic group in the Middle East, mostly inhabiting a contiguous area spanning adjacent parts of southeastern Turkey (Northern Kurdistan), northwestern Iran (Eastern Kurdistan), northern Iraq (Southern Kurdistan), and northern Syria (Western Kurdistan).
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Kuyucu Murad Pasha
Kuyucu Murad Pasha (Turkish for "Murad Pasha the Well-digger", i.e. "Gravedigger";Murat-paša Kujudžić born in 1535, Bosnia, died 1611, Diyabakir) was an Ottoman statesman of Croatian origin who served as Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire during the reign of Ahmed I between December 9, 1606 and August 5, 1611.
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Labëria
Labëria is a historic region that is roughly situated in southwestern Albania.
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Lataif-e-sitta
Lataif-e-sitta (لطائف سته) or al-Laṭtaʾif as-Sitta (اللطائف الستة), meaning "The Six Subtleties", are psychospiritual "organs" or, sometimes, faculties of sensory and suprasensory perception in Sufi psychology, and are explained here according to the usage amongst certain Sufi groups (key terms in this article are taken from the Urdu, rather than the original Arabic).
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Lazarat
Lazarat (Lazarati) is a village in Gjirokastër County, in southern Albania.
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Leskovik
Leskovik is a town and a former municipality in the Korçë County, southeastern Albania.
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Libohovë
Libohovë (Libohova) is a town and a municipality in southern Albania, near Dropull.
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List of English words of Turkic origin
This is a list of words that have entered into the English language from the Turkic languages.
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List of founders of religious traditions
This article lists historical figures credited with founding religions or religious philosophies or people who first codified older known religious traditions.
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List of ideologies named after people
This list contains names of ideological systems, movements and trends named after persons.
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List of multinational festivals and holidays
A very wide variety of multinational festivals and holidays are celebrated around the world, whether within particular religions, cultures, or otherwise.
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List of pantheist groups
No description.
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List of pastoral visits of Pope Francis
This is a list of pastoral visits of Pope Francis.
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List of people from Michigan
This is a list of notable people from the U.S. state of Michigan.
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List of poets
This is an alphabetical list of internationally notable poets.
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List of religions and spiritual traditions
Religion is a collection of cultural systems, beliefs and world views that establishes symbols relating humanity to spirituality and, often, to moral values.
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List of Shia Muslims
The following is a list of notable Shia Muslims.
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List of Sufi orders
The following is a list of Sufi orders or schools (ṭarīqah).
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List of Turkish exonyms in Bulgaria
List of Turkish exonyms in Bulgaria lists Turkish exonyms for places in Bulgaria.
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Ljubojno
Ljubojno (Macedonian Cyrillic: Љубојно) is a village located in the region of Prespa in the Republic of Macedonia.
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Logovisual technology
The term logovisual technology was introduced c. 2000 (Blake, Varney 1999) as a generic description for methods that structure texts to aid thinking.
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Luma (region)
Lumë (Luma) is a region that extends itself in northeastern Albania and southwest Kosovo whose territory is synonymous with the historic Albanian tribe of the same name.
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Madhhab
A (مذهب,, "way to act"; pl. مذاهب) is a school of thought within fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence).
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Mahmud II
Mahmud II (Ottoman Turkish: محمود ثانى Mahmud-u sānī, محمود عدلى Mahmud-u Âdlî) (İkinci Mahmut) (20 July 1785 – 1 July 1839) was the 30th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1808 until his death in 1839.
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Mallakastër
Mallakastër (Mallakastra) is a region and a municipality in Fier County, southwestern Albania.
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Maraş massacre
The Maraş massacre (Maraş katliamı) was the massacre of more than one hundred Alevi civilians in the city of Kahramanmaraş, Turkey, in December 1978 by the neo-fascist Grey Wolves.
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Martanesh
Martanesh (Martaneshi) is a geographic and ethnographic region within the Dibër County in eastern Albania.
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Mehdi Frashëri
Mehdi Frashëri (February 28, 1872 – May 25, 1963) was an Albanian intellectual and politician.
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Melnica, Čaška
Melnica (Мелница) is a village in the municipality of Čaška, Republic of Macedonia.
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Menduh Zavalani
Menduh Zavalani (1889–1914) was an Albanian revolutionary active during the last years of the Albanian National Awakening.
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Midhat Pasha
Ahmed Şefik Midhat Pasha (18 October 1822 – 26 April 1883), was one of the leading Ottoman statesmen during the late Tanzimat period.
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Mihal Turtulli
Mihal Turtulli (1847–1935), also known as Michal Tourtoulis or Dr.
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Mirror writing
Mirror writing is formed by writing in the direction that is the reverse of the natural way for a given language, such that the result is the mirror image of normal writing: it appears normal when it is reflected in a mirror.
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Moorish Orthodox Church of America
The Moorish Orthodox Church of America is a syncretic, non-exclusive, and religious anarchist movement espousing a vast array of liturgical and devotional traditions laid over a theology that includes teachings gleaned from Moorish Science, Five Percenters, Theosophical mysticism, Hermeticism, Oriental Orthodoxy, the Episcopi vagantes movement, the League for Spiritual Discovery, Western esotericism, Discordianism, the teachings of Noel Ignatiev, Neotantra, Nizari Islam, Zoroastrianism, Sufism (particularly from the Sufi Order Ināyati, Chishti, Bektashi and Uwaisi traditions), Taoism, and Vedanta teachings.
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Muhammad Ali of Egypt
Muhammad Ali Pasha al-Mas'ud ibn Agha (محمد علی پاشا المسعود بن آغا; محمد علي باشا / ALA-LC: Muḥammad ‘Alī Bāshā; Albanian: Mehmet Ali Pasha; Turkish: Kavalalı Mehmet Ali Paşa; 4 March 1769 – 2 August 1849) was an Ottoman Albanian commander in the Ottoman army, who rose to the rank of Pasha, and became Wāli, and self-declared Khedive of Egypt and Sudan with the Ottomans' temporary approval.
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Muhammed al-Ahari
Muhammed Abdullah al-Ahari (born January 6, 1965, as Ray Allen Rudder) is an American essayist, scholar and writer on the topics of American Islam, Black Nationalist groups, heterodox Islamic groups and modern occultism.
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Mustafa Merlika-Kruja
Mustafa Merlika-Kruja (March 15, 1887, Akçahisar, Ottoman Empire (modern-day Krujë, Albania) – December 27, 1958, Niagara Falls, New York) was one of the signatories of Albanian Declaration of Independence.
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Naim Frashëri
Naim Frashëri (25 May 1846 – 20 October 1900) was an Albanian poet, writer and one of the most prominent patriots of the Albanian national movement for independence from the Ottoman Empire.
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Nakolec
Nakolec (Наколец; Nakolec) is a village on Lake Prespa in Resen Municipality in the Republic of Macedonia.
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Naseeb
Naseeb (also spelled Nasiib Nasib or Nasip) (نصيب) is an Arabic term used in many languages including Indonesian, Malay, Persian, Turkish, Pashto, Sindhi, Somali, Urdu, Hindi, Bengali and Punjabi it means destiny or fate.
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Nasibi Tahir Babai
Nasibi Tahir Babai (died 1835), born Tahir Skënderasi, was an Albanian Bektashi saint, and one of the earliest poets belonging to the Bejtexhinj period.
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Neyzen Tevfik
Tevfik Kolaylı (March 24, 1879 – January 28, 1953), better known by his pen name Neyzen Tevfik, was a Turkish poet, satirist, and neyzen (a "ney performer" in Turkish).
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Nowruz
Nowruz (نوروز,; literally "new day") is the name of the Iranian New Year, also known as the Persian New Year, which is celebrated worldwide by various ethno-linguistic groups as the beginning of the New Year.
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Old Bazaar, Gjakova
The Old Bazaar (Pazari i vjetër; Стари базар / Stari bazar) in Gjakova/Đakovica is the oldest bazaar in Metohija (also known as Çarshia e Madhe (Grand Bazaar) or Dakovica. Mëhalla e Hadumit, the historical neighborhood where it is located also houses the city's oldest mosque, the Hadum Mosque (''Xhamia e Hadumit), which dates from the 15th century. The Grand Bazaar (from the Çarşı meaning marketplace Çarshia e Vjetër) was the heart of the economy in Gjakova, a city of trade and merchandise which served the villages around the municipality of Gjakova, the Junik zone and Gjakova’s highlands (Malësia e Gjakovës) on the border between Kosovo and Albania. The Old Bazaar was burnt and destroyed and then it was reconstructed after suffering damage during the 1999 war (the last war in Kosovo). Around the mosque lie the graves with sculpted decorations, with inscriptions engraved in the old Ottoman language. In the past, it was used to bury members of the popular families in Gjakova. Within the mosque’s complex were the hamam (Turkish bath) which was destroyed in 2008, the building of the old library, from 1671 (burnt by Serbian forces during the war of 1999 and totally ruined in 2000) and also meytepi from 1777. The bazaar is linked to the city centre, just five minutes away via the IslamBegu Bridge. The bazaar covers an area of about and the length of its main road is 1 km, with about 500 shops situated along it. It is, however, still home to an active mosque, several türbes, and a clocktower.
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Omer Pasha Vrioni II
Omer Pasha Vrioni II (1839–1928), also referred as Omer or Omar, was an Albanian ruler from one of the most powerful Albanian families of the 19th century.
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Otman Baba
Otman Baba (c. 1378 – 8 Receb 1478) was a 15th-century dervish who traveled throughout the Ottoman Empire, acquiring a following among heterodox Muslims in Bulgaria after 1445 that has developed into his veneration as a saint.
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Ottoman clothing
Ottoman clothing is the style and design of clothing worn by the Ottoman Turks.
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Ottoman Hungary
Ottoman Hungary was the territory of southern Medieval Hungary which was ruled by the Ottoman Empire from 1541 to 1699.
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Ottoman persecution of Alevis
The Ottoman persecution of Alevis is best known in connection with the Ottoman sultan Selim I's reign (1512–1520) and his war against the Safavids in 1514.
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Outline of Islam
Islam is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion teaching that there is only one God (Allah) and that Muhammad is a messenger of God.
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Pagaruša, Studeničani
Pagaruša (Пагаруша) is a village in the municipality of Studeničani, Republic of Macedonia.
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Pamiris
The Pamiris (پامیری; Помири) are an Iranian ethnic group who are native to the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region of eastern Tajikistan, the Badakhshan Province of northeastern Afghanistan, the Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County in Xinjiang, China, and the Chitral and Gilgit Baltistan regions of northern Pakistan.
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Panentheism
Panentheism (meaning "all-in-God", from the Ancient Greek πᾶν pân, "all", ἐν en, "in" and Θεός Theós, "God") is the belief that the divine pervades and interpenetrates every part of the universe and also extends beyond time and space.
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Picar
Picar is a village and a former municipality in the Gjirokastër County, southern Albania.
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Principality of Albania
The Principality of Albania (Albanian: Principata e Shqipërisë or Shteti Shqiptar) refers to the short-lived monarchy in Albania, headed by William, Prince of Albania, that lasted from the Treaty of London of 1913 which ended the First Balkan War, through the invasions of Albania during World War I and the subsequent disputes over Albanian independence during the Paris Peace Conference of 1919, until 1925, when the monarchy was abolished and the Albanian Republic declared.
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Progressive Dawoodi Bohra
Progressive Dawoodi Bohra known as "Bohra Youth" is a reform movement within the Dawoodi Bohra subsect of Mustaali Ismai'li Shi'a Islam.
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Public holidays in Albania
Below is a list of public holidays in Albania.
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Qalandariyya
The Qalandariyyah (قلندرية, क़लन्दरिय्या, ক়লন্দরিয়্য়া), Qalandaris or Kalandars are wandering Sufi dervishes.
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Qizilbash
Qizilbash or Kizilbash, (Kızılbaş - Red Head, sometimes also Qezelbash or Qazilbash, قزلباش) is the label given to a wide variety of Shi'i militant groups that flourished in Azerbaijan (historic Azerbaijan, also known as Iranian Azerbaijan), Anatolia and Kurdistan from the late 15th century onwards, some of which contributed to the foundation of the Safavid dynasty of Iran.
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Rıza Tevfik Bölükbaşı
Rıza Tevfik (Rıza Tevfik Bölükbaşı after the Turkish Surname Law of 1934; 1869 – 31 December 1949) was a Turkish philosopher, poet, politician of liberal signature and a community leader (for some members among the Bektashi community) of the late-19th-century and early-20th-century.
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Religion in Albania
Albania is constitutionally a secular country, and as such, "neutral in questions of belief and conscience".
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Religion in Kosovo
Religion in Kosovo is separated from the state.
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Religion in the Middle East
Three major religious groups (Judaism, Christianity and Islam) originated in the Middle East.
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Religion in Turkey
Islam is the largest religion in Turkey according to the state, with 99.8% of the population being automatically registered by the state as Muslim, for anyone whose parents are not of any other officially recognised religion.
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Republican marches
The Republican marches (Marches républicaines) were a series of rallies that took place in cities across France on 10–11 January 2015 to honour the victims of the ''Charlie Hebdo'' shooting, the Montrouge shooting, and the Porte de Vincennes siege, and also to voice support for freedom of speech.
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Resen Municipality
Resen (Ресен) is a municipality in southwestern Republic of Macedonia.
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Rifa`i
Rifa`i (also Rufa`i, Rifa`iyya, Rifa`iya, Arabic, الرفاعية) is an eminent Sufi order (tariqa) founded by Ahmed ar-Rifa'i and developed in the Lower Iraq marshlands between Wasit and Basra.
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Robert College
Robert College of Istanbul (İstanbul Özel Amerikan Robert Lisesi or Robert Kolej) is an independent privateThe Turkish education system divides schools into two classes: public or private.
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Rudolf von Sebottendorf
Adam Alfred Rudolf Glauer (9 November 1875 – 8 May 1945?), better known under his pseudo-aristocratic alias Rudolf Freiherr von Sebottendorff (or von Sebottendorf) was a German occultist, writer, intelligence agent and political activist.
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Sabbateans
Sabbateans (Sabbatians) is a complex general term that refers to a variety of followers of disciples and believers in Sabbatai Zevi (1626–1676), a Jewish rabbi who was proclaimed to be the Jewish Messiah in 1665 by Nathan of Gaza.
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Sali Butka
Sali Butka (1852–1938) was an Albanian nationalist figure, kachak, poet, and one of the delegates of the city of Korçë to the Albanian National Congress of Lushnjë.
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Sama (Sufism)
Sama (Sema, Persian, Urdu and سَمَاع - samā‘un) is a Sufi ceremony performed as dhikr.
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Sami Frashëri
Sami Frashëri (Şemseddin Sami Bey; June 1, 1850 – June 18, 1904) was an Ottoman Albanian writer, philosopher, playwright and a prominent figure of the Rilindja Kombëtare, the National Renaissance movement of Albania, together with his two brothers Abdyl and Naim.
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Sarı Saltık
Sari Saltik (Sarı Saltuk, Ottoman Turkish: Ṣarı̊ Ṣaltı̊q, also referred as Sari Saltuk Baba or Dede) (died 1297/98) was a 13th-century semi-legendary Turkish dervish, venerated as a saint by the Bektashis in the Balkans and parts of Middle East.
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Schools of Islamic theology
Schools of Islamic theology are various Islamic schools and branches in different schools of thought regarding aqidah (creed).
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Secularism in Albania
Albania has been secular state since its founding in 1912, despite various changes in political systems.
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Secularism in Turkey
Secularism in Turkey defines the relationship between religion and state in the country of Turkey.
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Seyyid Battal Gazi Complex
Seyyid Battal Gazi Complex (Seyyid Battal Gazi Külliyesi) is a külliye, historic religious social complex, in Seyitgazi district of Eskişehir Province, Turkey.
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Shahin Frashëri
Shahin Frashëri was an Albanian poet of the 19th century.
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Sheikh Bedreddin
Sheikh Bedreddin (1359–1420) (شیخ بدرالدین) was an influential mystic, scholar, theologian, and revolutionary.
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Shia Islam
Shia (شيعة Shīʿah, from Shīʻatu ʻAlī, "followers of Ali") is a branch of Islam which holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor (Imam), most notably at the event of Ghadir Khumm.
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Shkodër
Shkodër or Shkodra, historically known as Scutari (in Italian, English and most Western European landuages) or Scodra, is a city in the Republic of Albania.
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Skrapar
Skrapar (Skrapari) is a municipality in Berat County, southern Albania.
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Soviet Orientalist studies in Islam
Soviet Orientalist studies in Islam are academic discourses by Soviet Marxist theoreticians about Islam, its origins and development based on historical materialism and Muslims.
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Starje
Starje is a village in the Korçë County in southeastern Albania.
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State atheism
State atheism, according to Oxford University Press's A Dictionary of Atheism, "is the name given to the incorporation of positive atheism or non-theism into political regimes, particularly associated with Soviet systems." In contrast, a secular state purports to be officially neutral in matters of religion, supporting neither religion nor irreligion.
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Sufi studies
Sufi studies is a particular branch of comparative studies that uses the technical lexicon of the Islamic mystics, the Sufis, to exemplify the nature of its ideas; hence the frequent reference to Sufi Orders.
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Sufism
Sufism, or Taṣawwuf (personal noun: ṣūfiyy / ṣūfī, mutaṣawwuf), variously defined as "Islamic mysticism",Martin Lings, What is Sufism? (Lahore: Suhail Academy, 2005; first imp. 1983, second imp. 1999), p.15 "the inward dimension of Islam" or "the phenomenon of mysticism within Islam",Massington, L., Radtke, B., Chittick, W. C., Jong, F. de, Lewisohn, L., Zarcone, Th., Ernst, C, Aubin, Françoise and J.O. Hunwick, “Taṣawwuf”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, edited by: P. Bearman, Th.
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Sulayman bin Hassan
The 27th Da'i al-Mutlaq of Ismailism according to the Sulaymanis.
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Sulaymani
Sulaymani Bohras (Sulaymanis) are a Musta‘lī Ismaili community that predominantly reside in Saudi Arabia (Najran), Yemen, Pakistan and India.
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Sulejman Bargjini
Sulejman Pashë Bargjini (also known as Sulejman Pasha) was a general of the Ottoman Empire.
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Sulejman Naibi
Sulejman Naibi (Ramazani) was an Albanian early period poet of the bejtexhinj era.
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Sumud (album)
Sumud (صمود), which was released on 22 May 2012, is the third album by Niyaz.
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Syrian Turkmen
Syrian Turkmen (also referred to as Syrian Turkomans or simply Syrian Turks or Turks of Syria) (تركمان سوريا, Suriye Türkmenleri or Suriye Türkleri), are Syrian citizens of mainly Turkish origin whose families had migrated to Syria from Anatolia during the centuries of Ottoman rule (1516-1918).
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Tariqa
A tariqa (or tariqah; طريقة) is a school or order of Sufism, or specifically a concept for the mystical teaching and spiritual practices of such an order with the aim of seeking Haqiqa, which translates as "ultimate truth".
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Taylor, Michigan
Taylor is a city in Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan.
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Tërbaç
Tërbaç is a community in the Vlorë County, southwestern Albania.
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Türbe
Türbe is the Turkish word for "tomb", and for the characteristic mausoleums, often relatively small, of Ottoman royalty and notables.
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Teqe of Frashër
The Teqe of Frashër or Nasibî Tâhir Baba Tekke is a Bektashi shrine founded in 1781 and registered Cultural Monument of Albania, located in Frashër, Gjirokastër County in southern Albania.
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Tetovo
Tetovo (Тетово,; Tetovë/Tetova; Kalkandelen) is a city in the northwestern part of the Republic of Macedonia, built on the foothills of Šar Mountain and divided by the Pena River.
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Theodor Anton Ippen
Theodor Anton Max Ippen (November 29, 1861 – January 31, 1935) was an Albanologist and diplomat from Austria-Hungary.
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Timeline of Orthodoxy in Greece (1204–1453)
This is a timeline of the presence of Orthodoxy in Greece.
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Timeline of Tirana
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Tirana, Albania.
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Tirana
Tirana (—; Tiranë; Tirona) is the capital and most populous city of Albania.
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Tomb of Gül Baba
Gül Baba's octagonal tomb (türbe) is located on Mecset (mosque) Street, Budapest, a short but steep walk from the Margaret Bridge in the district of Rózsadomb.
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Tomorr
Mount Tomorr is a mountain in southern Albania, reaching an elevation of above sea level.
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Tomorr National Park
The Tomorr Mt National Park (Parku Kombëtar i Malit te Tomorrit) is a national park that lies in southern Albania, nestled in the central and higher portions of the Tomorr massif, spanning an area of.
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Tomorrica
Tomorrica is a traditional or ethnographic region in Central Albania, located near the border between Berat County and Elbasan County.
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Tosks
The Tosks are one of two major ethnic subgroups of Albanians (the other being the Ghegs) differentiated by their cultural, linguistic, social and religious characteristics.
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Turkish folk literature
Turkish folk literature is an oral tradition deeply rooted, in its form, in Central Asian nomadic traditions.
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Turkish folklore
The tradition of folklore—folktales, jokes, legends, and the like—in the Turkish language is very rich, and is incorporated into everyday life and events.
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Turkish literature
Turkish literature (Türk edebiyatı) comprises oral compositions and written texts in Turkic languages.
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Turkish people
Turkish people or the Turks (Türkler), also known as Anatolian Turks (Anadolu Türkleri), are a Turkic ethnic group and nation living mainly in Turkey and speaking Turkish, the most widely spoken Turkic language.
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Turks in Algeria
The Turks in Algeria, also commonly referred to as Algerian Turks, Algerian-Turkish Algero-Turkish and Turkish-Algerians (أتراك الجزائر; Turcs d'Algérie; Cezayir Türkleri) are ethnic Turkish descendants who, alongside the Arabs and Berbers, constitute an admixture to Algeria's population.
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Ujmisht
Ujmisht is a village and a former municipality in Kukës County, northeastern Albania.
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Underground education
Underground education, or clandestine education refers to various practices of teaching carried out at times and places where such educational activities were deemed illegal.
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Uprising of Dervish Cara
The Albanian Revolt of 1843–1844, variously also known as the Revolt of 1844 or the Uprising of Dervish Cara (Kryengritja e Dervish Carës),Albanische Geschichte: Stand und Perspektiven der Forschung Volume 140 of Südosteuropäische Arbeiten Authors Oliver Jens Schmitt, Eva Anne Frantz Editors Oliver Jens Schmitt, Eva Anne Frantz Publisher Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, 2009, p. 168 was a 19th-century uprising in northern Ottoman Albania directed against the Ottoman Tanzimat reforms which started in 1839 and were gradually being put in action in the regions of Albania.
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Vallahades
The Vallahades (Βαλαχάδες) or Valaades (Βαλαάδες) were a Greek-speaking, Muslim population who lived along the River Haliacmon in southwest Greek Macedonia, in and around Anaselitsa (modern Neapoli) and Grevena.
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Vlorë County
Vlorë County (Qarku i Vlorës) is one of the 12 counties of the Republic of Albania, with the capital in Vlorë.
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Xhafer Bej Ypi
Xhafer Bej Ypi (January 12, 1880, Starje - December 17, 1940), a Bektashi Muslim, was an Albanian politician.
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Yazdânism
Yazdânism, or the Cult of Angels, is a pre-Islamic, native religion of the Kurds.
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Zahediyeh
The Zahediyeh Sufi Order was founded by Zahed Gilani of Lahijan.
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Zall Teqe
The Zall Teqe (Teqeja e Zallit) is a Bektashi teqe in Gjirokastër, Albania.
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Zenel Bastari
Zenel Bastari was an Albanian poet of the Bejtexhinj literary movement.
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1541 in literature
This article presents lists of the literary events and publications in 1541.
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1541 in poetry
Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).
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Redirects here:
Baktashite, Bekshtasiyya, Bektashi, Bektashi order, Bektashis, Bektashism, Bektashiyah, Bektashiyyah, Bektasi, Bektaşi.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bektashi_Order
