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551 relations: Abadox, Acorn worm, Acteonoidea, Actin, Adamussium, Adineta ricciae, Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria, Agenesis of the corpus callosum, Alcoholic lung disease, Aliivibrio fischeri, Alpha-tubulin N-acetyltransferase, Alveolate, Amastigote, Amphibian, Anal pore, Anatomy, Anatomy of the human nose, Anencephaly, Animal, Animal locomotion, Annelid, Antedon bifida, Antedon mediterranea, Anthozoa, Antillogorgia elisabethae, Aquatic feeding mechanisms, Aquatic locomotion, Argyrotheca, ARL13B, Arthrochilus, Ascidiacea, Aspidogastrea, Astrocyte, Audio-visual entrainment, Auditory system, Aurelia aurita, Avoidance reaction, Axoneme, Bardet–Biedl syndrome, Basal body, Bat star, Bath treatment (fishkeeping), BBS10, BBS5, BBSome, Bdelloidea, Beroe ovata, Bilateria, Biofilm, Bipinnaria, ..., Bivalvia, Bordetella, Brachiopod, Brian David Dynlacht, Brittle star, Bromhexine, Bronchiectasis, Bronchiole, Bronchogenic cyst, Brooklynella hostilis, Bryozoa, Bulbothrix cinerea, C18orf63, Calcium signaling, Canalipalpata, Canoparmelia albomaculata, Canoparmelia cassa, Catenulida, Cavalier-Smith's system of classification, Cavoliniidae, Cavolinioidea, CBF, CC2D2A, CCDC176, CCP110, Cdc14, Cecilia Lo, Cell (biology), Cell biology, Cell membrane, Cell migration, Cell physiology, Cellular adaptation, Centriole, Centrosome, CEP104, CEP164, CEP170, CEP290, CEP97, Cestidae, Chaetognatha, Chaetophora (alga), Chaetopteridae, Charles Darwin's education, Chemoreceptor, Chemotaxis, Chilodonella uncinata, Chiton, Chlamys hastata, Choanozoa, Chordate, Ciliary, Ciliary muscle, Ciliate, Ciliogenesis, Ciliopathy, Cillium, Cirrina, Clerics Regular of the Mother of God of Lucca, Cnidaria, Coelom, Collodictyon, Commelina polhillii, Common octopus, Compartmentalized ciliogenesis, Cone cell, Conopeum seurati, Conorenal syndrome, Convolutriloba, Corybas cryptanthus, Crassadoma, Crinoid, Crown-of-thorns starfish, Ctenophora, Cyclic nucleotide, Cyclic nucleotide–gated ion channel, Cystic fibrosis, Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, Cytoskeleton, Cytosolic ciliogenesis, Dactylogyrus vastator, Dandy–Walker syndrome, Darwin's Black Box, Darwinia terricola, Detritus, Deuterosome, Dextromethorphan, Dicyemida, Didinium, Digestive system of gastropods, Dipleurula, Diploria labyrinthiformis, Diuronotus aspetos, DNAAF2, DNAL1, Doliolidae, Don W. Fawcett, Donax vittatus, Dried nasal mucus, Dust pneumonia, Dynein, Dysosmia, Earthworm, Eating mucus, Ecdysozoa, Echinaster callosus, Echinasteridae, Echinochloa crus-galli, Echinoderm, Echiura, Ecteinascidia turbinata, Ectopic pregnancy, Ediacaran biota, Egg, Elements of the Cthulhu Mythos, Ellis–van Creveld syndrome, Encrinus, Endosalpingiosis, Endosymbiont, Entobdella soleae, Entoprocta, Ependyma, Epididymis, Epithelium, Equine anatomy, Erinaceusyllis hartmannschroederae, Esophagus, Eukaryote, Euprymna scolopes, Eurybia (plant), Eustachian tube, Evolution of fish, Evolution of flagella, Evolution of the eye, Exencephaly, External morphology of Lepidoptera, Extracellular digestion, Fallopian tube, Fasciola hepatica, Feline viral rhinotracheitis, Female reproductive system, Ficopomatus enigmaticus, Filamentous haemagglutinin adhesin, Filozoa, Filter feeder, Fimbriae of uterine tube, Flagellum, Flame cell, Flatworm, Folliculin, FOXJ1, Frontal sinus, Galectin-3, Gastro-, Gastrotrich, Genoplesium morrisii, George Witman, Glaucoma (ciliate), Gnathostomulid, Goblet cell, Gregarinasina, Halofolliculina corallasia, Haplodrili, Haplosyllis spongicola, Harrimania planktophilus, Hatschek's pit, HDAC6, Heat and moisture exchanger, Hedgehog signaling pathway, Henricia leviuscula, Heterotrich, History of Earth, Human body, Human microbiota, Hydrodynamic reception, Hydrolethalus syndrome, Hydrosalpinx, HYLS1, Hypotrich, Ian R. 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Expand index (501 more) »
Abadox
is a video game for the NES, subtitled The Deadly Inner War.
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Acorn worm
The acorn worms or Enteropneusta are a hemichordate class of invertebrates consisting of one order of the same name.
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Acteonoidea
Acteonoidea is a superfamily of sea snails, or bubble snails, marine gastropod mollusks.
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Actin
Actin is a family of globular multi-functional proteins that form microfilaments.
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Adamussium
Adamussium is a monotypic genus of bivalve molluscs in the large family of scallops, the Pectinidae.
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Adineta ricciae
Adineta ricciae is a species of freshwater rotifers in the family Adinetidae.
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Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria
Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (AAPBs) are alphaproteobacteria and gammaproteobacteria that are obligate aerobes that capture energy from light by anoxygenic photosynthesis.
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Agenesis of the corpus callosum
Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is a rare birth defect (congenital disorder) in which there is a complete or partial absence of the corpus callosum.
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Alcoholic lung disease
Alcoholic lung disease is disease of the lungs caused by excessive alcohol consumption.
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Aliivibrio fischeri
Aliivibrio fischeri is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium found globally in marine environments.
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Alpha-tubulin N-acetyltransferase
In enzymology, an alpha-tubulin N-acetyltransferase is an enzyme which is encoded by the ATAT1 gene.
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Alveolate
The alveolates (meaning "with cavities") are a group of protists, considered a major clade and superphylum within Eukarya, and are also called Alveolata.
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Amastigote
An amastigote is a protist cell that does not have visible external flagella or cilia.
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Amphibian
Amphibians are ectothermic, tetrapod vertebrates of the class Amphibia.
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Anal pore
The anal pore or cytoproct is a structure in various single-celled eukaryotes where waste is ejected after the nutrients from the food have been absorbed into the cytoplasm.
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Anatomy
Anatomy (Greek anatomē, “dissection”) is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and their parts.
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Anatomy of the human nose
The visible part of the human nose is the protruding part of the face that bears the nostrils.
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Anencephaly
Anencephaly is the absence of a major portion of the brain, skull, and scalp that occurs during embryonic development.
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Animal
Animals are multicellular eukaryotic organisms that form the biological kingdom Animalia.
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Animal locomotion
Animal locomotion, in ethology, is any of a variety of movements or methods that animals use to move from one place to another.
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Annelid
The annelids (Annelida, from Latin anellus, "little ring"), also known as the ringed worms or segmented worms, are a large phylum, with over 22,000 extant species including ragworms, earthworms, and leeches.
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Antedon bifida
Antedon bifida is a species of crinoid in the family Antedonidae commonly known as the rosy feather star. It is found in north west Europe.
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Antedon mediterranea
Antedon mediterranea is a species of stalkless crinoid in the family Antedonidae, commonly known as the Mediterranean feather star.
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Anthozoa
Anthozoa is a class of marine invertebrates which includes the sea anemones, stony corals, soft corals and gorgonians.
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Antillogorgia elisabethae
Antillogorgia elisabethae is a species of soft coral found in the Caribbean Sea in the shape of a sea plume (also called a sea whip).
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Aquatic feeding mechanisms
Aquatic feeding mechanisms face a special difficulty as compared to feeding on land, because the density of water is about the same as that of the prey, so the prey tends to be pushed away when the mouth is closed.
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Aquatic locomotion
Aquatic locomotion is biologically propelled motion through a liquid medium.
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Argyrotheca
Argyrotheca is a genus of very small to minute lampshells (maximum long).
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ARL13B
ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 13B (ARL13B), also known as ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 2-like 1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARL13B gene.
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Arthrochilus
Arthrochilus, commonly called elbow orchids, is a genus of about fifteen species of flowering plants from the orchid family (Orchidaceae) and is found in Australia and New Guinea.
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Ascidiacea
Ascidiacea (commonly known as the ascidians or sea squirts) is a paraphyletic class in the subphylum Tunicata of sac-like marine invertebrate filter feeders.
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Aspidogastrea
The Aspidogastrea (Ancient Greek: ἀσπίς aspis “shield”, γαστήρ gaster “stomach/pouch”) is a small group of flukes comprising about 80 species.
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Astrocyte
Astrocytes (Astro from Greek astron.
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Audio-visual entrainment
Audio-visual entrainment (AVE), a subset of brainwave entrainment, uses flashes of lights and pulses of tones to guide the brain into various states of brainwave activity.
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Auditory system
The auditory system is the sensory system for the sense of hearing.
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Aurelia aurita
Aurelia aurita (also called the common jellyfish, moon jellyfish, moon jelly, or saucer jelly) is a widely studied species of the genus Aurelia.
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Avoidance reaction
Avoidance reaction is a term used in the description of the movement of paramecium.
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Axoneme
Numerous eukaryotic cells carry whip-like appendages (cilia or eukaryotic flagella) whose inner core consists of a cytoskeletal structure called the axoneme.
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Bardet–Biedl syndrome
Bardet–Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a ciliopathic human genetic disorder that produces many effects and affects many body systems.
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Basal body
A basal body (synonymous with basal granule, kinetosome, and in older cytological literature with blepharoplast) is a protein structure found at the base of a eukaryotic undulipodium (cilium or flagellum).
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Bat star
The bat star (Patiria miniata), also known as a sea bat, webbed star, and broad-disk star, is a species of sea star (also called a starfish) in the family Asterinidae.
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Bath treatment (fishkeeping)
Bath treatments are disease treatments that originated since the earliest days of goldfish culture.
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BBS10
Bardet-Biedl syndrome 10, also known as BBS10 is a human gene.
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BBS5
Bardet-Biedl syndrome 5 protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BBS5 gene.
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BBSome
The BBSome is an octameric protein complex.
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Bdelloidea
Bdelloidea (Greek βδελλα, bdella, "leech-like") is a class of rotifers found in freshwater habitats all over the world.
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Beroe ovata
Beroe ovata is a comb jelly in the family Beroidae.
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Bilateria
The Bilateria or bilaterians, or triploblasts, are animals with bilateral symmetry, i.e., they have a head (anterior) and a tail (posterior) as well as a back (dorsal) and a belly (ventral); therefore they also have a left side and a right side.
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Biofilm
A biofilm comprises any group of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other and often also to a surface.
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Bipinnaria
A bipinnaria is the first stage in the larval development of most starfish, and is usually followed by a brachiolaria stage.
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Bivalvia
Bivalvia, in previous centuries referred to as the Lamellibranchiata and Pelecypoda, is a class of marine and freshwater molluscs that have laterally compressed bodies enclosed by a shell consisting of two hinged parts.
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Bordetella
Bordetella is a genus of small (0.2 – 0.7 µm), Gram-negative coccobacilli of the phylum Proteobacteria.
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Brachiopod
Brachiopods, phylum Brachiopoda, are a group of lophotrochozoan animals that have hard "valves" (shells) on the upper and lower surfaces, unlike the left and right arrangement in bivalve molluscs.
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Brian David Dynlacht
Brian David Dynlacht (born September 3, 1965 in Brooklyn, New York), is a Jewish-American biochemist and Professor in the Department of Pathology of New York University School of Medicine.
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Brittle star
Brittle stars or ophiuroids are echinoderms in the class Ophiuroidea closely related to starfish.
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Bromhexine
Bromhexine is an expectorant used in the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with viscid or excessive mucus.
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Bronchiectasis
Bronchiectasis is a disease in which there is permanent enlargement of parts of the airways of the lung.
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Bronchiole
The bronchioles or bronchioli are the passageways by which air passes through the nose or mouth to the alveoli (air sacs) of the lungs, in which branches no longer contain cartilage or glands in their submucosa.
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Bronchogenic cyst
Bronchogenic cysts are small, solitary cysts or sinuses, most typically located in the region of the suprasternal notch or behind the manubrium.
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Brooklynella hostilis
Brooklynella hostilis is a parasite of marine fish, found in wild fish, farmed fish and aquariums.
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Bryozoa
Bryozoa (also known as the Polyzoa, Ectoprocta or commonly as moss animals) are a phylum of aquatic invertebrate animals.
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Bulbothrix cinerea
Bulbothrix cinerea is a species of lichenized fungi within the family Parmeliaceae.
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C18orf63
Chromosome 18 open reading frame 63 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the C18orf63 gene.
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Calcium signaling
Calcium (Ca2+) ions are important for cellular signalling, as once they enter the cytosol of the cytoplasm they exert allosteric regulatory effects on many enzymes and proteins.
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Canalipalpata
Canalipalpata, also known as bristle-footed annelids or fan-head worms, is an infraclass of polychaete worms, with 31 families in it including the Sabellida (tubeworms, fanworms, and feather duster worms) and the Alvinellidae, a family of deep-sea worms associated with hydrothermal vents.
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Canoparmelia albomaculata
Canoparmelia albomaculata is a species of lichen in the family Parmeliaceae.
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Canoparmelia cassa
Canoparmelia cassa is a species of lichenized fungi within the Parmeliaceae family.
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Catenulida
Catenulida is an order of flatworms in the classical classification, or a class of flatworms in a phylogenetic approach.
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Cavalier-Smith's system of classification
The classification system of life introduced by British zoologist Thomas Cavalier-Smith involves systematic arrangements of all life forms on earth.
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Cavoliniidae
The family Cavoliniidae is a taxonomic group of small floating sea snails, pelagic marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusks.
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Cavolinioidea
The superfamily Cavolinioidea is the most speciose group of sea butterflies.
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CBF
CBF may refer to: In airlines.
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CC2D2A
Coiled-coil and C2 domain-containing protein 2A that in humans is encoded by the CC2D2A gene.
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CCDC176
Basal body-orientation factor 1 (BBOF1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the gene CCDC176, which is located on the plus strand of chromosome 14 at 14q24.3.
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CCP110
Centriolar coiled-coil protein of 110 kDa also known as centrosomal protein of 110 kDa or CP110 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCP110 gene.
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Cdc14
Cdc14 and Cdc14 are a gene and its protein product respectively.
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Cecilia Lo
Cecilia W. Lo is a professor and the F. Sargent Cheever Chair of Developmental Biology at the University of Pittsburgh.
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Cell (biology)
The cell (from Latin cella, meaning "small room") is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all known living organisms.
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Cell biology
Cell biology (also called cytology, from the Greek κυτος, kytos, "vessel") is a branch of biology that studies the structure and function of the cell, the basic unit of life.
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Cell membrane
The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane, and historically referred to as the plasmalemma) is a biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment (the extracellular space).
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Cell migration
Cell migration is a central process in the development and maintenance of multicellular organisms.
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Cell physiology
In the context of human physiology, the term cell physiology often specifically applies to the physiology of membrane transport, neuron transmission, and (less frequently) muscle contraction.
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Cellular adaptation
In cell biology and pathophysiology, cellular adaptation refers to changes made by a cell in response to adverse environmental changes.
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Centriole
In cell biology a centriole is a cylindrical cellular organelle composed mainly of a protein called tubulin.
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Centrosome
In cell biology, the centrosome (Latin centrum 'center' + Greek sōma 'body') is an organelle that serves as the main microtubule organizing center (MTOC) of the animal cell as well as a regulator of cell-cycle progression.
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CEP104
Centrosomal protein 104kDa is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP104 gene.
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CEP164
Centrosomal protein of 164 kDa, also known as CEP164, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP164 gene.
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CEP170
Centrosomal protein 170kDa, also known as CEP170, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP170 gene.
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CEP290
Centrosomal protein of 290 kDa is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP290 gene.
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CEP97
Centrosomal protein of 97 kDa (Cep97), also known as leucine-rich repeat and IQ domain-containing protein 2 (LRRIQ2), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEP97 gene.
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Cestidae
Cestida is an order of comb jellies.
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Chaetognatha
Chaetognatha, meaning bristle-jaws, and commonly known as arrow worms, is a phylum of predatory marine worms which are a major component of plankton worldwide.
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Chaetophora (alga)
Chaetophora is a genus of green algae in the family Chaetophoraceae.
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Chaetopteridae
The Chaetopteridae are a family of marine filter-feeding polychaete worms that live in vertical or U-shaped tubes in tunnels buried in the sedimentary or hard substrate of marine environments.
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Charles Darwin's education
Charles Darwin's education gave him a foundation in the doctrine of Creation prevalent throughout the West at the time, as well as knowledge of medicine and theology.
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Chemoreceptor
A chemoreceptor, also known as chemosensor, is a specialized sensory receptor cell which transduces (responds to) a chemical substance (endogenous or induced) and generates a biological signal.
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Chemotaxis
Chemotaxis (from chemo- + taxis) is the movement of an organism in response to a chemical stimulus.
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Chilodonella uncinata
Chilodonella uncinata is a single-celled organism of the ciliate class of alveoles.
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Chiton
Chitons are marine molluscs of varying size in the class Polyplacophora, formerly known as Amphineura.
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Chlamys hastata
Chlamys hastata, the spear scallop, spiny scallop or swimming scallop, is a species of bivalve mollusc in the family Pectinidae found on the west coast of North America from the Gulf of Alaska to San Diego, California.
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Choanozoa
Choanozoa (Greek: χόανος (choanos) "funnel" and ζῶον (zōon) "animal") is the name of a phylum of eukaryotes that belongs to the line of opisthokonts.
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Chordate
A chordate is an animal belonging to the phylum Chordata; chordates possess a notochord, a hollow dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, an endostyle, and a post-anal tail, for at least some period of their life cycle.
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Ciliary
Ciliary may refer to.
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Ciliary muscle
The ciliary muscle is a ring of smooth muscleSchachar, Ronald A. (2012). "Anatomy and Physiology." (Chapter 4). in the eye's middle layer (vascular layer) that controls accommodation for viewing objects at varying distances and regulates the flow of aqueous humour into Schlemm's canal. It changes the shape of the lens within the eye, not the size of the pupil which is carried out by the sphincter pupillae muscle and dilator pupillae.
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Ciliate
The ciliates are a group of protozoans characterized by the presence of hair-like organelles called cilia, which are identical in structure to eukaryotic flagella, but are in general shorter and present in much larger numbers, with a different undulating pattern than flagella.
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Ciliogenesis
Ciliogenesis is defined as the building of the cell's antenna (primary cilia) or extracellular fluid mediation mechanism (motile cilium).
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Ciliopathy
A ciliopathy is a genetic disorder of the cellular cilia or the cilia anchoring structures, the basal bodies, or of ciliary function.
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Cillium
Cillium can refer to.
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Cirrina
Cirrina or Cirrata is a suborder and one of the two main divisions of octopuses.
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Clerics Regular of the Mother of God of Lucca
The Clerics Regular of the Mother of God (Clerici regulari a Mater Dei) are a Roman Catholic Religious Order of priests, dedicated to education and pastoral care.
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Cnidaria
Cnidaria is a phylum containing over 10,000 species of animals found exclusively in aquatic (freshwater and marine) environments: they are predominantly marine species.
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Coelom
The coelom is the main body cavity in most animals and is positioned inside the body to surround and contain the digestive tract and other organs.
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Collodictyon
Collodictyon is a basal genus of single-celled eukaryotes not closely related to any heretofore known kingdom of that domain.
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Commelina polhillii
Commelina polhillii is a plant species native to Tanzania, known only from the Iriniga and Mpanda Districts.
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Common octopus
The common octopus (Octopus vulgaris) is a mollusc belonging to the class Cephalopoda.
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Compartmentalized ciliogenesis
Compartmentalized ciliogenesis is the most common type of ciliogenesis where the cilium axoneme is formed separated from the cytoplasm by the ciliary membrane and a ciliary gate known as the transition zone.
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Cone cell
Cone cells, or cones, are one of three types of photoreceptor cells in the retina of mammalian eyes (e.g. the human eye).
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Conopeum seurati
Conopeum seurati is a species of colonial bryozoan in the order Cheilostomata.
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Conorenal syndrome
Conorenal syndrome, also called Mainzer-Saldino syndrome or Saldino-Mainzer disease, is a collection of medical conditions that seem to have a common genetic cause.
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Convolutriloba
Convolutriloba is a genus of marine acoelomorph worms.
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Corybas cryptanthus
Corybas cryptanthus, commonly known as the hidden spider orchid or icky, is a species of terrestrial orchid endemic to New Zealand.
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Crassadoma
Crassadoma is a genus of rock scallops, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Pectinidae.
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Crinoid
Crinoids are marine animals that make up the class Crinoidea of the echinoderms (phylum Echinodermata).
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Crown-of-thorns starfish
The crown-of-thorns starfish, Acanthaster planci, is a large, multiple-armed starfish that usually preys upon hard, or stony, coral polyps (Scleractinia).
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Ctenophora
Ctenophora (singular ctenophore, or; from the Greek κτείς kteis 'comb' and φέρω pherō 'to carry'; commonly known as comb jellies) is a phylum of invertebrate animals that live in marine waters worldwide.
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Cyclic nucleotide
A cyclic nucleotide (cNMP) is a single-phosphate nucleotide with a cyclic bond arrangement between the sugar and phosphate groups.
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Cyclic nucleotide–gated ion channel
Cyclic nucleotide–gated ion channels or CNG channels are ion channels that function in response to the binding of cyclic nucleotides.
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Cystic fibrosis
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that affects mostly the lungs, but also the pancreas, liver, kidneys, and intestine.
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Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is a membrane protein and chloride channel in vertebrates that is encoded by the CFTR gene.
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Cytoskeleton
A cytoskeleton is present in all cells of all domains of life (archaea, bacteria, eukaryotes).
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Cytosolic ciliogenesis
Cytosolic ciliogenesis, otherwise cytoplasmic ciliogenesis, is a type of ciliogenesis where the cilium axoneme is formed in the cytoplasm or becomes exposed to the cytoplasm.
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Dactylogyrus vastator
Dactylogyrus vastator is a species of hermaphroditic flatworms of class Monogenea.
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Dandy–Walker syndrome
Dandy–Walker syndrome (DWS) is a rare group of congenital human brain malformations.
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Darwin's Black Box
Darwin's Black Box: The Biochemical Challenge to Evolution (1996; second edition 2006) is a book by Michael J. Behe, a professor of biochemistry at Lehigh University in Pennsylvania and a senior fellow of the Discovery Institute's Center for Science and Culture.
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Darwinia terricola
Darwinia terricola, commonly known as the Blackwood bell, is a plant in the myrtle family Myrtaceae and is endemic to a small area in the south-west of Western Australia.
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Detritus
In biology, detritus is dead particulate organic material (as opposed to dissolved organic material).
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Deuterosome
In cell biology, a deuterosome is a protein structure within a multiciliated cell (such as an epithelial cell of respiratory tract) that produces multiple centrioles.
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Dextromethorphan
Dextromethorphan (DXM or DM) is a drug of the morphinan class with sedative, dissociative, and stimulant properties (at higher doses).
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Dicyemida
Dicyemida, also known as Rhombozoa, is a phylum of tiny parasites that live in the renal appendages of cephalopods.
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Didinium
Didinium is a genus of unicellular ciliates with at least ten accepted species.
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Digestive system of gastropods
The digestive system of gastropods (slugs and snails of every kind) has evolved to suit almost every kind of diet and feeding behavior.
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Dipleurula
Dipleurula is a hypothetical larva of the Echinoderms.
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Diploria labyrinthiformis
Diploria labyrinthiformis, known by the common name grooved brain coral, is a species of stony coral in the family Mussidae.
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Diuronotus aspetos
Diuronotus aspetos is a species of large sized meiofaunal chaetonotid gastrotrich found in the North Atlantic.
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DNAAF2
Kintoun, is a protein that is encoded by the DNAAF2 gene.
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DNAL1
Dynein light chain 1, axonemal is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DNAL1 gene.
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Doliolidae
Doliolidae is a family of tunicates in the order Doliolida.
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Don W. Fawcett
Don Wayne Fawcett (1917 - May 7, 2009) was a pioneer of electron microscopy and one of its greatest practitioners for studying the organization of cells and tissues.
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Donax vittatus
Donax vittatus, or the banded wedge shell, is a species of bivalve mollusc in the order Veneroida.
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Dried nasal mucus
Dried nasal mucus, colloquially known as a boogie, booger or bogey, is found in the nose.
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Dust pneumonia
Dust pneumonia describes disorders caused by excessive exposure to dust storms, particularly during the Dust Bowl in the United States.
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Dynein
Dynein is a family of cytoskeletal motor proteins that move along microtubules in cells.
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Dysosmia
Dysosmia is a disorder described as any qualitative alteration or distortion of the perception of smell.
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Earthworm
An earthworm is a tube-shaped, segmented worm found in the phylum Annelida.
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Eating mucus
Eating mucus is the act of extracting nasal mucus with one's finger (rhinotillexis) and the succeeding action of ingesting the mucus from the nose-picking (mucophagy).
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Ecdysozoa
Ecdysozoa is a group of protostome animals, including Arthropoda (insects, chelicerata, crustaceans, and myriapods), Nematoda, and several smaller phyla.
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Echinaster callosus
Echinaster callosus, the warty sea star or the banded bubble star, is a species of starfish found in shallow parts of the western Indo-Pacific region.
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Echinasteridae
The Echinasteridae are a family of starfish in the monotypic order Spinulosida.
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Echinochloa crus-galli
Echinochloa crus-galli is a type of wild grass originating from tropical Asia that was formerly classified as a type of panicum grass.
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Echinoderm
Echinoderm is the common name given to any member of the phylum Echinodermata (from Ancient Greek, ἐχῖνος, echinos – "hedgehog" and δέρμα, derma – "skin") of marine animals.
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Echiura
The Echiura, or spoon worms, are a small group of marine animals.
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Ecteinascidia turbinata
Ecteinascidia turbinata, the mangrove tunicate, is a sea squirt species in the genus Ecteinascidia, which was described to science in 1880 by William Abbott Herdman.
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Ectopic pregnancy
Ectopic pregnancy is a complication of pregnancy in which the embryo attaches outside the uterus.
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Ediacaran biota
The Ediacaran (formerly Vendian) biota consisted of enigmatic tubular and frond-shaped, mostly sessile organisms that lived during the Ediacaran Period (ca. 635–542 Mya).
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Egg
An egg is the organic vessel containing the zygote in which an animal embryo develops until it can survive on its own; at which point the animal hatches.
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Elements of the Cthulhu Mythos
The following tables and lists feature elements of the Cthulhu Mythos, that are often shared between works within that fictional setting.
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Ellis–van Creveld syndrome
Ellis–van Creveld syndrome (also called chondroectodermal dysplasia or mesoectodermal dysplasia but see 'Nomenclature' section below) is a rare genetic disorder of the skeletal dysplasia type.
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Encrinus
Encrinus is an extinct genus of crinoids, and "one of the most famous".
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Endosalpingiosis
In gynecology, endosalpingiosis is a condition in which fallopian tube-like epithelium is found outside the fallopian tube.
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Endosymbiont
An endosymbiont or endobiont is any organism that lives within the body or cells of another organism in a symbiotic relationship with the host body or cell, often but not always to mutual benefit.
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Entobdella soleae
Entobdella soleae is a monogenean (Platyhelminth) skin parasite of the common sole, Solea solea, an important food fish.
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Entoprocta
Entoprocta, whose name means "anus inside", is a phylum of mostly sessile aquatic animals, ranging from long.
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Ependyma
Ependyma is the thin neuroepithelial lining of the ventricular system of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord, made up of ependymal cells.
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Epididymis
The epididymis (plural: epididymides or) is a tube that connects a testicle to a vas deferens in the male reproductive system.
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Epithelium
Epithelium is one of the four basic types of animal tissue, along with connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue.
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Equine anatomy
Equine anatomy refers to the gross and microscopic anatomy of horses and other equids, including donkeys, and zebras.
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Erinaceusyllis hartmannschroederae
Erinaceusyllis hartmannschroederae is a species belonging to the phylum Annelida, a group known as the segmented worms.
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Esophagus
The esophagus (American English) or oesophagus (British English), commonly known as the food pipe or gullet (gut), is an organ in vertebrates through which food passes, aided by peristaltic contractions, from the pharynx to the stomach.
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Eukaryote
Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within membranes, unlike Prokaryotes (Bacteria and other Archaea).
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Euprymna scolopes
Euprymna scolopes, also known as the Hawaiian bobtail squid, is a species of bobtail squid in the family Sepiolidae native to the central Pacific Ocean, where it occurs in shallow coastal waters off the Hawaiian Islands and Midway Island.
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Eurybia (plant)
Eurybia is a genus of plants in the composite family that were previously included in the genus Aster.
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Eustachian tube
The Eustachian tube, also known as the auditory tube or pharyngotympanic tube, is a tube that links the nasopharynx to the middle ear.
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Evolution of fish
The evolution of fish began about 530 million years ago during the Cambrian explosion.
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Evolution of flagella
The evolution of flagella is of great interest to biologists because the three known varieties of flagella (eukaryotic, bacterial, and archaeal) each represent a sophisticated cellular structure that requires the interaction of many different systems.
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Evolution of the eye
The evolution of the eye is attractive to study, because the eye distinctively exemplifies an analogous organ found in many animal forms.
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Exencephaly
Exencephaly, is a type of cephalic disorder wherein the brain is located outside of the skull.
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External morphology of Lepidoptera
The external morphology of Lepidoptera is the physiological structure of the bodies of insects belonging to the order Lepidoptera, also known as butterflies and moths.
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Extracellular digestion
Extracellular digestion is a process in which saprobionts feed by secreting enzymes through the cell membrane onto the food.
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Fallopian tube
The Fallopian tubes, also known as uterine tubes or salpinges (singular salpinx), are two very fine tubes lined with ciliated epithelia, leading from the ovaries of female mammals into the uterus, via the uterotubal junction.
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Fasciola hepatica
Fasciola hepatica, also known as the common liver fluke or sheep liver fluke, is a parasitic trematode (fluke or flatworm, a type of helminth) of the class Trematoda, phylum Platyhelminthes.
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Feline viral rhinotracheitis
Feline viral rhinotracheitis (FVR) is an upper respiratory or pulmonary infection of cats caused by feline herpesvirus 1, of the family Herpesviridae.
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Female reproductive system
The female reproductive system is made up of the internal and external sex organs that function in reproduction of new offspring.
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Ficopomatus enigmaticus
Ficopomatus enigmaticus, commonly known as the Australian tubeworm,ten Hove, H., et al.
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Filamentous haemagglutinin adhesin
The filamentous haemagglutinin adhesin (FHA) is a large, filamentous protein that serves as a dominant attachment factor for adherence to host ciliated epithelial cells of the respiratory tract, called respiratory epithelium.
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Filozoa
The Filozoa are a monophyletic grouping within the Opisthokonta.
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Filter feeder
Filter feeders are a sub-group of suspension feeding animals that feed by straining suspended matter and food particles from water, typically by passing the water over a specialized filtering structure.
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Fimbriae of uterine tube
In the female reproductive system, the fimbria (plural, fimbriae) is a fringe of tissue around the ostium of the Fallopian tube, in the direction of the ovary.
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Flagellum
A flagellum (plural: flagella) is a lash-like appendage that protrudes from the cell body of certain bacterial and eukaryotic cells.
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Flame cell
A flame cell is a specialized excretory cell found in the simplest freshwater invertebrates, including flatworms (except the turbellarian order Acoela), rotifers and nemerteans; these are the simplest animals to have a dedicated excretory system.
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Flatworm
The flatworms, flat worms, Platyhelminthes, Plathelminthes, or platyhelminths (from the Greek πλατύ, platy, meaning "flat" and ἕλμινς (root: ἑλμινθ-), helminth-, meaning "worm") are a phylum of relatively simple bilaterian, unsegmented, soft-bodied invertebrates.
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Folliculin
Folliculin also known as FLCN, Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome protein or FLCN_HUMAN is a protein that in humans is associated with Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome and hereditary spontaneous pneumothorax.
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FOXJ1
Forkhead box protein J1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOXJ1 gene.
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Frontal sinus
The frontal sinuses are situated behind the brow ridges.
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Galectin-3
Galectin-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LGALS3 gene.
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Gastro-
Gastro- is a common English-language prefix derived from the ancient Greek gastros ("stomach").
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Gastrotrich
The gastrotrichs (phylum Gastrotricha), commonly referred to as hairybacks, are a group of microscopic (0.06-3.0 mm), worm-like, pseudocoelomate animals, and are widely distributed and abundant in freshwater and marine environments.
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Genoplesium morrisii
Genoplesium morrisii, commonly known as the bearded midge orchid and known as Corunastylis morrisii in Australia, is a small terrestrial orchid endemic to south-eastern Australia.
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George Witman
George B. Witman is an American biologist currently George F. Booth Chair Professor at University of Massachusetts Medical School and an Elected Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.
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Glaucoma (ciliate)
Glaucoma is a genus of freshwater ciliates in the Oligohymenophorea.
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Gnathostomulid
Gnathostomulids, or jaw worms, are a small phylum of nearly microscopic marine animals.
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Goblet cell
Goblet cells are simple columnar epithelial cells that secrete gel-forming mucins, like mucin MUC5AC.
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Gregarinasina
The gregarines are a group of Apicomplexan alveolates, classified as the Gregarinasina or Gregarinia.
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Halofolliculina corallasia
Halofolliculina corallasia is a species of heterotrich ciliates identified as a cause of the syndrome called skeletal eroding band (SEB).
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Haplodrili
Haplodrili, or Archiannelida, is an order of primitive polychaete worms.
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Haplosyllis spongicola
Haplosyllis spongicola, the sponge worm, is a species of polychaete worm in the family Syllidae.
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Harrimania planktophilus
Harrimania planktophilus is a marine acorn worm in the family Harrimaniidae.
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Hatschek's pit
In the lancelet, Hatschek's pit, not to be confused with Hatschek’s nephridium, is a deep ciliated fossa on the dorsal midline of the buccal cavity (the region of the gut behind the mouth) Among other things, it secrets mucus which entraps food particles from the water.
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HDAC6
Histone deacetylase 6 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC6 gene.
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Heat and moisture exchanger
Heat and exchange moisturizers (HME) are devices used in mechanically ventilated patients intended to help prevent complications due to "drying of the respiratory mucosa, such as mucus plugging and endotracheal tube (ETT) occlusion." HMEs are one type of commercial humidification system, which also include non-heated-wire humidifiers and heated-wire humidifiers.
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Hedgehog signaling pathway
The Hedgehog signaling pathway is a signaling pathway that transmits information to embryonic cells required for proper cell differentiation.
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Henricia leviuscula
Henricia leviuscula, commonly called the Pacific blood star, it is a species of starfish found along the Pacific coast of North America.
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Heterotrich
The heterotrichs are a class of ciliates.
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History of Earth
The history of Earth concerns the development of planet Earth from its formation to the present day.
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Human body
The human body is the entire structure of a human being.
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Human microbiota
The human microbiota is the aggregate of microorganisms that resides on or within any of a number of human tissues and biofluids, including the skin, mammary glands, placenta, seminal fluid, uterus, ovarian follicles, lung, saliva, oral mucosa, conjunctiva, biliary and gastrointestinal tracts.
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Hydrodynamic reception
Hydrodynamic reception refers to the ability of some animals to sense water movements generated by biotic (conspecifics, predators, or prey) or abiotic sources.
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Hydrolethalus syndrome
Hydrolethalus syndrome (HLS), less commonly referred to as Salonen-Herva-Norio syndrome, is a rare genetic disorder that causes improper fetal development, resulting in birth defects and, most commonly, stillbirth.
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Hydrosalpinx
A hydrosalpinx is a distally blocked fallopian tube filled with serous or clear fluid.
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HYLS1
Hydrolethalus syndrome protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HYLS1 gene.
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Hypotrich
The hypotrichs are a group of ciliated protozoa, common in fresh water, salt water, soil and moss.
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Ian R. Gibbons (biophysicist)
Ian Read Gibbons, FRS (30 October 1931 – 30 January 2018) was a biophysicist and cell biologist.
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IFT81
Intraflagellar transport protein 81 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IFT81 gene.
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Immunological synapse
In immunology, an immunological synapse (or immune synapse) is the interface between an antigen-presenting cell or target cell and a lymphocyte such as an effector T cell or Natural Killer cell.
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Index of anatomy articles
Articles related to anatomy include.
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Index of biochemistry articles
Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes in living organisms.
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Index of biology articles
Biology is the study of life and its processes.
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Index of biophysics articles
This is a list of articles on biophysics.
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Inhalation exposure
Inhalation is a major route of exposure that occurs when an individual breathes in polluted air which enters the respiratory tract.
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Inner ear
The inner ear (internal ear, auris interna) is the innermost part of the vertebrate ear.
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INPP5E
72 kDa inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase, also known as phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase or Pharbin, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the INPP5E gene.
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Intelligent design
Intelligent design (ID) is a religious argument for the existence of God, presented by its proponents as "an evidence-based scientific theory about life's origins",Numbers 2006, p. 373; " captured headlines for its bold attempt to rewrite the basic rules of science and its claim to have found indisputable evidence of a God-like being.
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Intraflagellar transport
Intraflagellar transport or IFT is a bidirectional motility along axonemal microtubules that is essential for the formation (ciliogenesis) and maintenance of most eukaryotic cilia and flagella.
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Irreducible complexity
Irreducible complexity (IC) is the idea that certain biological systems cannot evolve by successive small modifications to pre-existing functional systems through natural selection.
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Jellyfish
Jellyfish or sea jelly is the informal common name given to the medusa-phase of certain gelatinous members of the subphylum Medusozoa, a major part of the phylum Cnidaria.
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Joel Rosenbaum
Joel Rosenbaum (born October 4, 1933) is a professor of cell biology at Yale University.
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John Heuser
John E. Heuser (born August 29, 1942) is an American Professor of Biophysics in the department of Cell Biology and Physiology at the Washington University School of Medicine as well as a Professor at the Institute for Integrated Cell-Matieral Sciences (iCeMS) at Kyoto University.
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Joubert syndrome
Joubert syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder that affects the cerebellum, an area of the brain that controls balance and coordination.
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Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), also known as Janz syndrome, is a fairly common form of idiopathic generalized epilepsy, representing 5-10% of all epilepsy cases.
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Keith R. Porter
Keith Roberts Porter (June 11, 1912 – May 2, 1997) was a Canadian-American cell biologist.
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Kentrophoros
Kentrophoros is a genus of ciliates in the class Karyorelictea.
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Keratella cochlearis
Keratella cochlearis is a rotifer.
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KIAA1377
Uncharacterized protein KIAA1377 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KIAA1377 gene.
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KIF17
Kinesin-like protein KIF17 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KIF17 gene.
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KIF3A
Kinesin-like protein KIF3A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KIF3A gene.
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Kinesin
A kinesin is a protein belonging to a class of motor proteins found in eukaryotic cells.
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Kinocilium
A kinocilium is a special type of cilium on the apex of hair cells located in the sensory epithelium of the vertebrate inner ear.
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Kinorhyncha
Kinorhyncha (I move, ῥύγχος "snout") is a phylum of small (1 mm or less) marine invertebrates that are widespread in mud or sand at all depths as part of the meiobenthos.
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Kosher foods
Kosher foods are those that conform to the Jewish dietary regulations of kashrut (dietary law), primarily derived from Leviticus and Deuteronomy.
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Lacrymaria olor
Lacrymaria olor is a species of ciliates, typically long, that is found in freshwater ponds.
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Lagis koreni
Lagis koreni, commonly known as the trumpet worm, is a species of marine polychaete worm found in European waters.
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Lampocteis
Lampocteis is a monotypic genus of comb jellies, the only genus in family Lampoctenidae.
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Lancelet
The lancelets — also known as amphioxi (singular, amphioxus) consist of about 32 species of fish-like marine chordates in the order Amphioxiformes.
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Land snail
A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to sea snails and freshwater snails.
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Largest organisms
The largest organisms found on Earth can be determined according to various aspects of an organism's size, such as: mass, volume, area, length, height, or even genome size.
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Laternula elliptica
Laternula elliptica is a species of saltwater clam, a marine bivalve mollusc in the family Laternulidae, the lantern shells.
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LCA5
Lebercilin, also known as leber congenital amaurosis 5 (LCA5), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LCA5 gene.
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Leiomitra julacea
Leiomitra julacea is a species of liverwort endemic to New Zealand.
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Leiopathes glaberrima
Leiopathes glaberrima is a species of black coral in the order Antipatharia found in the northern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea in deep water habitats.
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Lepidodermella squamata
Lepidodermella squamata is a freshwater species of minute worm in the phylum Gastrotricha.
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Limnognathia
Limnognathia maerski is a microscopic platyzoan animal, discovered living in homothermic springs on Disko Island, Greenland in 1994, that has variously been assigned as a class or subphylum in the phylum Gnathifera or as a phylum in a Gnathifera superphylum, named Micrognathozoa.
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Lingula reevii
Lingula reevii is an inarticulated brachiopod species assigned to the family Lingulidae.
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Lingulata
Lingulata is a class of brachiopods, among the oldest of all brachiopods having existed since the Cambrian period.
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Linnean Society of London
The Linnean Society of London is a society dedicated to the study of, and the dissemination of information concerning, natural history, evolution and taxonomy.
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List of dog diseases
This list of dog diseases is a selection of diseases and other conditions found in the dog.
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List of iOS devices
This is a list and comparison of devices designed and marketed by Apple Inc. that run a Unix-like operating system named iOS, often colloquially referred to simply as iDevices.
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List of Korean inventions and discoveries
This is a list of Korean inventions and discoveries.
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List of medical roots, suffixes and prefixes
This is a list of roots, suffixes, and prefixes used in medical terminology, their meanings, and their etymology.
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List of MeSH codes (A11)
The following is a list of the "A" codes for MeSH.
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Lobosa
Lobosa is a taxonomic group of amoebae possessing broad, bluntly rounded pseudopods.
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Lophophore
The lophophore is a characteristic feeding organ possessed by four major groups of animals: the Brachiopoda, Bryozoa, Hyolitha, and Phoronida, which collectively constitute the protostome group Lophophorata.
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Lottia gigantea
Lottia gigantea, common name the owl limpet, giant owl limpet or solitary giant owl limpet, is a species of sea snail, a true limpet, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Lottiidae.
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LRRC50
Leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 50 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LRRC50 gene.
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Luidia ciliaris
The seven-armed sea star (Luidia ciliaris) is a species of sea star (starfish) in the family Luidiidae.
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Lung
The lungs are the primary organs of the respiratory system in humans and many other animals including a few fish and some snails.
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Lung flute
A lung flute is a medical device used to clear mucus from congested lungs with low-frequency sound waves.
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Lynne Quarmby
Lynne Quarmby is a Canadian scientist, activist, and politician.
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Marden–Walker syndrome
Marden–Walker syndrome (MWS) is a rare autosomal recessive congenital disorder.
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Marine invertebrates
Marine invertebrates are the invertebrates that live in marine habitats.
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Marine life
Marine life, or sea life or ocean life, is the plants, animals and other organisms that live in the salt water of the sea or ocean, or the brackish water of coastal estuaries.
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Mechanosensation
Mechanosensation is a response mechanism to mechanical stimuli.
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Mechanotransduction
Mechanotransduction (mechano + transduction) is any of various mechanisms by which cells convert mechanical stimulus into electrochemical activity.
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Membranelle
Membranelles (also membranellae) are structures found around the mouth, or cytostome, in ciliates.
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Mertensia ovum
Mertensia ovum, also known as the Arctic comb jelly or sea nut, is a cydippid comb jelly or ctenophore first described as Beroe ovum by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1780.
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Mesozoa
The Mesozoa (singular: mesozoon) are minuscule, worm-like parasites of marine invertebrates.
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Metachronal rhythm
A metachronal rhythm or metachronal wave refers to wavy movements produced by the sequential action (as opposed to synchronized) of structures such as cilia, segments of worms or legs.
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Miamiensis avidus
Miamiensis avidus is a species of unicellular marine eukaryote that is a parasite of many different types of fish.
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Microcotyle
Microcotyle is a genus which belongs to the phylum Platyhelminthes and class Monogenea.
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Microtubule
Microtubules are tubular polymers of tubulin that form part of the cytoskeleton that provides the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells and some bacteria with structure and shape.
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Microtubule organizing center
The microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) is a structure found in eukaryotic cells from which microtubules emerge.
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Microvillus
Microvilli (singular: microvillus) are microscopic cellular membrane protrusions that increase the surface area for diffusion and minimize any increase in volume, and are involved in a wide variety of functions, including absorption, secretion, cellular adhesion, and mechanotransduction.
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Mixotricha paradoxa
Mixotricha paradoxa is a species of protozoan that lives inside the gut of the Australian termite species Mastotermes darwiniensis and has multiple bacterial symbionts.
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MKS1
Meckel syndrome, type 1 also known as MKS1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MKS1 gene.
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Mnemiopsis
Mnemiopsis leidyi, the warty comb jelly or sea walnut, is a species of tentaculate ctenophore (comb jelly), originally native to the western Atlantic coastal waters.
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Mobilida
Mobilida is a group of parasitic or symbiotic peritrich ciliates, comprising more than 280 species.
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Molecular motor
Molecular motors are biological molecular machines that are the essential agents of movement in living organisms.
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Mollusca
Mollusca is a large phylum of invertebrate animals whose members are known as molluscs or mollusksThe formerly dominant spelling mollusk is still used in the U.S. — see the reasons given in Gary Rosenberg's.
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Monadofilosa
Monadofilosa is a grouping of Cercozoa.
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MORM syndrome
MORM syndrome is an autosomal recessive congenital disorder This means that the disorder is present from birth and is likely the result of both healthy parents passing on a defective gene, associated with MORM syndrome, to their offspring.
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MotA
Motility protein A, also known as MotA Pait, is a bacterial protein that is encoded by the motA gene.
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MotB
Motility protein B also known as MotB is a bacterial protein that is encoded by the motB gene.
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Moto X (2nd generation)
The second generation Moto X, marketed as moto X and referred to in the media as Moto X (2014), is an Android smartphone developed by Motorola Mobility.
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Motor protein
Motor proteins are a class of molecular motors that can move along the cytoplasm of animal cells.
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Mucoadhesion
Bioadhesion is the mechanism by which two biological materials are held together by interfacial forces.
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Mucociliary clearance
Mucociliary clearance, also referred to as mucociliary apparatus or mucociliar clearance (MCC), derived from mucus, cilia (cilia of the tracheal surface epithelium in the respiratory tract) and clearance describes the self-clearing mechanism of the bronchi.
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Mussel
Mussel is the common name used for members of several families of bivalve molluscs, from saltwater and freshwater habitats.
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Mycoplasma genitalium
Mycoplasma genitalium, commonly known as Mgen, is a sexually transmitted, small and pathogenic bacterium that lives on the ciliated epithelial cells of the urinary and genital tracts in humans.
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Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a species of bacteria known to cause the disease porcine enzootic pneumonia, a highly contagious and chronic disease affecting pigs.
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a very small bacterium in the class Mollicutes.
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Myzostomida
The Myzostomida are an order of small marine polychaete worms, which are parasitic on crinoids.
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Nanoelectronics
Nanoelectronics refer to the use of nanotechnology in electronic components.
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Nasal cavity
The nasal cavity (nasal fossa, or nasal passage) is a large air filled space above and behind the nose in the middle of the face.
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Nasal concha
In anatomy, a nasal concha, plural conchae, also called a turbinate or turbinal, is a long, narrow, curled shelf of bone that protrudes into the breathing passage of the nose in humans and various animals.
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Nasal hair
Nasal hair or nose hair is the hair in the nose.
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Nasal irrigation
Nasal irrigation, or nasal lavage or nasal douche, is a personal hygiene practice in which the nasal cavity is washed to flush out mucus and debris from the nose and sinuses.
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Nautilus
The nautilus (from the Latin form of the original ναυτίλος, 'sailor') is a pelagic marine mollusc of the cephalopod family Nautilidae, the sole extant family of the superfamily Nautilaceae and of its smaller but near equal suborder, Nautilina.
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Nematode
The nematodes or roundworms constitute the phylum Nematoda (also called Nemathelminthes).
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Nematomorpha
Nematomorpha (sometimes called Gordiacea, and commonly known as horsehair worms or Gordian worms) are a phylum of parasitoid animals superficially similar to nematode worms in morphology, hence the name.
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Nemertea
Nemertea is a phylum of invertebrate animals also known as "ribbon worms" or "proboscis worms".
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Neodermata
Neodermata is a clade of rhabditophoran flatworms containing the parasitic groups Trematoda, Monogenea and Cestoda.
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Neosabellaria cementarium
Neosabellaria cementarium is a species of marine tube worm in the family Sabellariidae, perhaps better known by its previous name, Sabellaria cementarium.
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Nephridium
The nephridium (plural nephridia) is an invertebrate organ which occurs in pairs and performs a function similar to the vertebrate kidney.
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Nephrostome
The nephrostome is the funnel-like component of a metanephridium.
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Neuroglia
Neuroglia, also called glial cells or simply glia, are non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system.
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Neuronal encoding of sound
The neuronal encoding of sound is the representation of auditory sensation and perception in the nervous system.
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Nitric oxide synthase
Nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) are a family of enzymes catalyzing the production of nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine.
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NME8
Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 3 (TXNDC3), also known as spermatid-specific thioredoxin-2 (Sptrx-2), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NME8 gene (also known as the TXNDC3 gene) on chromosome 7.
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Non-motile bacteria
Non-motile bacteria are those bacterial species that lack the ability and structures that would allow them to propel themselves, under their own power, through their environment.
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Nose-picking
Nose-picking is the act of extracting nasal mucus with one's finger (rhinotillexis) and may include the subsequent ingestion of the extracted mucus (mucophagy).
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Notochord homeobox (NOTO) gene
Homeobox protein notochord (NOTO) is a transcription factorThe UniProt Consortium; UniProt: the universal protein knowledgebase.
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Nuchal organ
The nuchal organ is a ciliated pit or groove present at the posterior end of the prostomium of annelid worms, some cephalopods, and other invertebrates.
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Octocorallia
Octocorallia (also known Alcyonaria) is a subclass of Anthozoa comprising around 3,000 species of water-based organisms formed of colonial polyps with 8-fold symmetry.
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Oculocerebrorenal syndrome
Oculocerebrorenal syndrome (also called Lowe syndrome) is a rare X-linked recessive disorder characterized by congenital cataracts, hypotonia, intellectual disability, proximal tubular acidosis, aminoaciduria, and low-molecular-weight proteinuria.
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Odontostomatida
Odontostomatida is a small order of ciliates, referred to as odontostomes.
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Odor
An odor, odour or fragrance is always caused by one or more volatilized chemical compounds.
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Olfactory epithelium
The olfactory epithelium is a specialized epithelial tissue inside the nasal cavity that is involved in smell.
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Olfactory receptor neuron
An olfactory receptor neuron (ORN), also called an olfactory sensory neuron (OSN), is a transduction cell within the olfactory system.
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Olfactory system
The olfactory system, or sense of smell, is the part of the sensory system used for smelling (olfaction).
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Oligotrich
The oligotrichs are a group of ciliates, included among the spirotrichs.
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Opalina
Opalina is a genus of parasitic heterokonts found in the intestines of frogs and toads.
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Opalinidae
The opalines are a small group of peculiar heterokonts, currently assigned to the family Opalinidae, in the order Slopalinida.
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Organelle
In cell biology, an organelle is a specialized subunit within a cell that has a specific function, in which their function is vital for the cell to live.
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Orofaciodigital syndrome 1
Orofaciodigital syndrome 1 (OFD1), also called Papillon-League and Psaume syndrome, is an X-linked congenital disorder characterized by malformations of the face, oral cavity, and digits with polycystic kidney disease and variable involvement of the central nervous system.
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Orthokaryotes
The Orthokaryotes (Cavalier-Smith 2017) are a proposed Eukaryote clade consisting of the Jakobea and the Neokaryotes.
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Orthonectida
Orthonectida is a small phylum of poorly known parasites of marine invertebrates that are among the simplest of multi-cellular organisms.
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Ostracod
Ostracods, or ostracodes, are a class of the Crustacea (class Ostracoda), sometimes known as seed shrimp.
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Ostracoderm
Ostracoderms ("shell-skinned") are the armored jawless fishes of the Paleozoic.
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Outline of biology
Biology – The natural science that involves the study of life and living organisms, including their structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy.
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Ovarian serous cystadenoma
Ovarian serous cystadenoma, also (less precisely) known as serous cystadenoma, is the most common ovarian neoplasm, representing 20% of ovarian neoplasms, and is benign.
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Oviduct
In vertebrates, other than mammals, the passageway from the ovaries to the outside of the body is known as the oviduct.
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Ovulation
Ovulation is the release of eggs from the ovaries.
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Oyster
Oyster is the common name for a number of different families of salt-water bivalve molluscs that live in marine or brackish habitats.
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Papanicolaou stain
Papanicolaou stain (also Papanicolaou's stain and Pap stain) is a multichromatic staining cytological technique developed by George Papanikolaou, the father of cytopathology.
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Parallel evolution
Parallel evolution is the development of a similar trait in related, but distinct, species descending from the same ancestor, but from different clades.
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Paramecium
Paramecium (also Paramoecium) is a genus of unicellular ciliates, commonly studied as a representative of the ciliate group.
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Paramecium aurelia
Paramecium aurelia are unicellular organisms belonging to the genus Paramecium of the phylum Ciliophora.
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Paramecium caudatum
Paramecium caudatum is a species of unicellular organisms belonging to the genus Paramecium of the phylum Ciliophora.
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Paramphistomum cervi
Paramphistomum cervi, the type species of Paramphistomum, is a parasitic flat worm belonging to the class Trematoda.
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Paraplatyptilia carolina
Paraplatyptilia carolina is a moth of the family Pterophoridae described by William D. Kearfott in 1907.
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Paraplatyptilia modesta
Paraplatyptilia modesta is a moth of the Pterophoridae family.
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Particulates
Atmospheric aerosol particles, also known as atmospheric particulate matter, particulate matter (PM), particulates, or suspended particulate matter (SPM) are microscopic solid or liquid matter suspended in Earth's atmosphere.
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Patched
Patched (Ptc) is a conserved 12-pass transmembrane protein receptor that plays an obligate negative regulatory role in the Hedgehog signaling pathway in insects and vertebrates.
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Pecten maximus
Pecten maximus, common names the great scallop, king scallop, St James shell or escallop, is a northeast Atlantic species of scallop, an edible saltwater clam, a marine bivalve mollusc in the family Pectinidae.
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Pedicellaria
A pedicellaria (plural: pedicellariae) is a small wrench- or claw-shaped appendage with movable jaws, called valves, commonly found on echinoderms (phylum Echinodermata), particularly in sea stars (class Asteroidea) and sea urchins (class Echinoidea).
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Peg cell
A peg cell is a non-ciliated epithelial cell within the uterine tube (oviduct or Fallopian tube).
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Peniculid
The peniculids are an order of ciliate protozoa, including the well-known Paramecium and related genera, such as Frontonia, Stokesia, Urocentrum and Lembadion.
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Peter Satir
Peter Satir is a microbiologist who has spent his career studying the basis of motion by studying the cilium.
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Phoronid
Phoronids (scientific name Phoronida, sometimes called horseshoe worms) are a small phylum of marine animals that filter-feed with a lophophore (a "crown" of tentacles), and build upright tubes of chitin to support and protect their soft bodies.
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Phoronopsis californica
Phoronopsis californica is a species of marine horseshoe worm in the phylum Phoronida.
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Photoreceptor cell
A photoreceptor cell is a specialized type of neuroepithelial cell found in the retina that is capable of visual phototransduction.
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Phylactolaemata
Phylactolaemata is a class of the phylum Bryozoa whose members live only in freshwater environments.
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Phylum
In biology, a phylum (plural: phyla) is a level of classification or taxonomic rank below Kingdom and above Class.
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Pin feather
A pin feather, sometimes called a "blood feather", is a developing feather on a bird.
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Pinealocyte
Pinealocytes are the main cells contained in the pineal gland, located behind the third ventricle and between the two hemispheres of the brain.
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Pinna carnea
Pinna carnea, commonly called the amber pen shell, is a species of bivalve mollusc in the family Pinnidae.
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Placozoa
The Placozoa are a basal form of free-living (non-parasitic) multicellular organism.
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Planarian
A planarian is one of many flatworms of the Turbellaria class.
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Plant perception (physiology)
Plant perception is the ability of plants to sense and respond to the environment to adjust their morphology, physiology, and phenotype accordingly.
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Planula
A planula is the free-swimming, flattened, ciliated, bilaterally symmetric larval form of various cnidarian species.
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Platyctenida
Platyctenida is an order of comb jellies.
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Platynereis dumerilii
Platynereis dumerilii is a species of annelids.
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Pleurobrachia bachei
Pleurobrachia bachei is a member of the phylum Ctenophora and is commonly referred to as a sea gooseberry.
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Plinian Society
The Plinian Society was a club at the University of Edinburgh for students interested in natural history.
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Poecilosclerida
Poecilosclerida is an order of the demosponge class.
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Polychaete
The Polychaeta, also known as the bristle worms or polychaetes, are a paraphyletic class of annelid worms, generally marine.
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Polycystic kidney disease
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD or PCKD, also known as polycystic kidney syndrome) is a genetic disorder in which the renal tubules become structurally abnormal, resulting in the development and growth of multiple cysts within the kidney.
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Polycystin 1
Polycystin 1 (often abbreviated to PC1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PKD1 gene.
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PomA
PomA is a protein that is part of the stator in Na+ driven bacterial flagella.
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Pomatoceros triqueter
Pomatoceros triqueter is a species of tube-building annelid worm in the class Polychaeta.
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PomB
PomB is a protein that is part of the stator in Na+ driven bacterial flagella.
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Primary ciliary dyskinesia
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), also called immotile ciliary syndrome or Kartagener syndrome, is a rare, ciliopathic, autosomal recessive genetic disorder that causes defects in the action of cilia lining the respiratory tract (lower and upper, sinuses, Eustachian tube, middle ear), fallopian tube, and flagella of sperm cells.
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Process (anatomy)
In anatomy, a process (processus) is a projection or outgrowth of tissue from a larger body.
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Progestin
A progestin is a type of medication which is used most commonly in hormonal birth control and menopausal hormone therapy.
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Promalactis ramispinea
Promalactis ramispinea is a moth of the Oecophoridae family.
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Proseriata
Proseriata is an order of free-living flatworms in the class Rhabditophora with over 400 species described worldwide.
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Prostaglandin EP4 receptor
Prostaglandin E2 receptor 4 (EP4) is a prostaglandin receptor for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) encoded by the PTGER4 gene in humans; it is one of four identified EP receptors, the others being EP1, EP2, and EP3, all of which bind with and mediate cellular responses to PGE2 and also, but generally with lesser affinity and responsiveness, certain other prostanoids (see Prostaglandin receptors).
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Protein signalling in heart development
The heart is the first functional organ in a vertebrate embryo.
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Protist
A protist is any eukaryotic organism that has cells with nuclei and is not an animal, plant or fungus.
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Protozoa
Protozoa (also protozoan, plural protozoans) is an informal term for single-celled eukaryotes, either free-living or parasitic, which feed on organic matter such as other microorganisms or organic tissues and debris.
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Pseudociliate
Pseudociliate (su-do-sil-i-A-ta) is made of two roots, One Greek and one is Latin.
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Pseudorhabdosynochus
Pseudorhabdosynochus is a genus of monopisthocotylean monogeneans, included in the family Diplectanidae.The type-species of the genus is Pseudorhabdosynochus epinepheli (Yamaguti, 1938).
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Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
A pseudostratified epithelium is a type of epithelium that, though comprising only a single layer of cells, has its cell nuclei positioned in a manner suggestive of stratified epithelia.
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Pseudunela cornuta
Pseudunela cornuta is a species of minute sea slug, an acochlidian, a shell-less marine and temporarily brackishNeusser T. P., Jörger K. M. & Schrödl M. (2011).
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Pseudunela viatoris
Pseudunela viatoris is a species of sea slug, an acochlidian, a shell-less marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pseudunelidae.
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Pterobranchia
Pterobranchia is a clade of small worm-shaped animals.
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Ptilometra australis
Ptilometra australis, the passion flower feather star, is a species of crinoid.
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Pulmonary hygiene
Pulmonary hygiene, (formerly referred to as pulmonary toilet) is a set of methods used to clear mucus and secretions from the airways.
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Pyrosoma atlanticum
Pyrosoma atlanticum is a pelagic species of marine colonial tunicate in the class Thaliacea found in temperate waters worldwide.
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Pyrosome
Pyrosomes, genus Pyrosoma, are free-floating colonial tunicates that live usually in the upper layers of the open ocean in warm seas, although some may be found at greater depths.
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Pyxidanthera brevifolia
Pyxidanthera brevifolia, the littleleaf pixiemoss or sandhills pyxie-moss, is a plant species known only from North Carolina and South Carolina.
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Quagga mussel
The quagga mussel, scientific name Dreissena bugensis, and also known as Dreissena rostriformis bugensis, is a species (or subspecies) of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusk in the family Dreissenidae.
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Queensland lungfish
The Queensland lungfish (Neoceratodus forsteri), also known as the Australian lungfish, Burnett salmon and barramunda, is a surviving member of the family Neoceratodontidae and order Ceratodontiformes.
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Radial spoke
The radial spoke is a multi-unit protein structure found in the axonemes of eukaryotic cilia and flagella.
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Radiole
A radiole is a heavily ciliated feather-like tentacle found in highly organized clusters on the crowns of Canalipalpata.
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Reptin
Reptin is a tumor repressor protein that is a member of the ATPases Associated with various cellular Activities (AAA+) helicase family and regulates KAI1.
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Respiratory epithelium
Respiratory epithelium is a type of ciliated epithelium found lining most of the respiratory tract, where it serves to moisten and protect the airways.
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Respiratory tract
In humans, the respiratory tract is the part of the anatomy of the respiratory system involved with the process of respiration.
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Rete testis
The rete testis is an anastomosing network of delicate tubules located in the hilum of the testicle (mediastinum testis) that carries sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the efferent ducts.
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Rhinitis
Rhinitis, also known as coryza, is irritation and inflammation of the mucous membrane inside the nose.
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Rhinoplasty
Rhinoplasty (ῥίς rhis, nose + πλάσσειν plassein, to shape), commonly known as a nose job, is a plastic surgery procedure for correcting and reconstructing the form, restoring the functions, and aesthetically enhancing the nose by resolving nasal trauma (blunt, penetrating, blast), congenital defect, respiratory impediment, or a failed primary rhinoplasty.
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Rigifilida
Rigifilida is a group of non-ciliate phagotrophic eukaryotes.
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Rocheworld
Rocheworld (first published in serial form in 1982; first book publication, under the title The Flight of the Dragonfly, 1984)Internet science fiction database entry, is a science fiction novel by Robert Forward which depicts a realistic interstellar mission using a laser driven light sail propulsion system to send the spaceship and crew on a journey of 20 5.9 light-years (ca. 34 trillion miles; ca. 56 trillion km) to the double planet that orbits Barnard's Star, which they call Rocheworld, where they make startling discoveries stranger than anything ever encountered before.
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Rod cell
Rod cells are photoreceptor cells in the retina of the eye that can function in less intense light than the other type of visual photoreceptor, cone cells.
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Rootletin
Rootletin also known as ciliary rootlet coiled-coil protein (CROCC) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CROCC gene.
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Rostral migratory stream
The rostral migratory stream (RMS) is a specialized migratory route found in the brain of some animals along which neuronal precursors that originated in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the brain migrate to reach the main olfactory bulb (OB).
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Rotating locomotion in living systems
Several organisms are capable of rolling locomotion; however, true wheels and propellers—despite their utility in human vehicles—do not appear to play a significant role in the movement of living things (with the exception of certain flagella, which function like corkscrews).
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Rotifer
The rotifers (Rotifera, commonly called wheel animals) make up a phylum of microscopic and near-microscopic pseudocoelomate animals.
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RPGRIP1
X-linked retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator-interacting protein 1 is an protein in the ciliary transition zone that in humans is encoded by the RPGRIP1 gene.
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RPGRIP1L
RPGRIP1L is a human gene.
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RSPH4A
Radial spoke head protein 4 homolog A, also known as radial spoke head-like protein 3, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RSPH4A gene.
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RSPH9
Radial spoke head protein 9 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RSPH9 gene.
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Sabellastarte spectabilis
Sabellastarte spectabilis is a species of benthic marine polychaete worm in the Sabellidae family.
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Saccoglossus bromophenolosus
Saccoglossus bromophenolosus is a species of acorn worm (class Enteropneusta) occurring in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean and the northeastern Pacific Ocean.
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Safety of electronic cigarettes
The safety of electronic cigarettes is uncertain.
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Sagittiferidae
Sagittiferidae is a family of Acoela.
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Salmacina dysteri
Salmacina dysteri is a species of tube-forming annelid worm in the family Serpulidae.
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Salvatoria koorineclavata
Salvatoria koorineclavata is a species belonging to the phylum Annelida, a group known as the segmented worms.
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Salvatoria pilkena
Salvatoria pilkena is a species belonging to the phylum Annelida, a group known as the segmented worms.
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Sand dollar
The term sand dollar (also known as a sea cookie or snapper biscuit in New Zealand, or pansy shell in South Africa) refers to species of extremely flattened, burrowing sea urchins belonging to the order Clypeasteroida.
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Sandworm (Dune)
A sandworm is a fictional creature that appears in the ''Dune'' novels written by Frank Herbert.
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Satellite glial cell
Satellite glial cells are glial cells that cover the surface of nerve cell bodies in sensory, sympathetic, and parasympathetic ganglia.
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Scallop
Scallop is a common name that is primarily applied to any one of numerous species of saltwater clams or marine bivalve mollusks in the taxonomic family Pectinidae, the scallops.
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Scallop theorem
The Scallop theorem states that to achieve propulsion at low Reynolds number in Newtonian fluids a swimmer must deform in a way that is not invariant under time-reversal.
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Schistosoma mansoni
A paired couple of ''Schistosoma mansoni''. Schistosoma mansoni is a water-borne parasite of humans, and belongs to the group of blood flukes (Schistosoma).
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Scleractinia
Scleractinia, also called stony corals or hard corals, are marine animals in the phylum Cnidaria that build themselves a hard skeleton.
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Sea anemone
Sea anemones are a group of marine, predatory animals of the order Actiniaria.
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Sea cucumber
Sea cucumbers are echinoderms from the class Holothuroidea.
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Sea star wasting disease
Sea star wasting disease or starfish wasting syndrome is a disease of starfish and several other echinoderms that appears sporadically, causing mass mortality of those affected.
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Sea urchin
Sea urchins or urchins are typically spiny, globular animals, echinoderms in the class Echinoidea.
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Senior–Løken syndrome
Senior–Løken syndrome is a congenital eye disorder, first characterized in 1961.
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Sensenbrenner syndrome
Sensenbrenner syndrome (OMIM #218330) is a rare (less than 20 cases reported by 2010) multisystem disease first described in 1975.
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Septin
Septins are a group of GTP-binding proteins found primarily in eukaryotic cells of fungi and animals, but also in some green algae.
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Serous tumour
Serous tumours are part of the surface epithelial-stromal tumour group of ovarian neoplasms, which derive from Mullerian epithelium.
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Serpula
Serpula (also known as calcareous tubeworm, serpulid tubeworm, fanworm, or plume worm) is a genus of sessile, marine annelid tube worms that belongs to the family Serpulidae.
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Serpula vermicularis
Serpula vermicularis, known by common names including the calcareous tubeworm, fan worm, plume worm or red tube worm, is a species of segmented marine polychaete worm in the family Serpulidae.
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Siboglinidae
Siboglinidae, also known as the beard worms, is a family of polychaete annelid worms whose members made up the former phyla Pogonophora (the giant tube worms) and Vestimentifera.
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Signal transduction
Signal transduction is the process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events, most commonly protein phosphorylation catalyzed by protein kinases, which ultimately results in a cellular response.
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Simple columnar epithelium
A simple columnar epithelium is a columnar epithelium that is uni-layered.
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Sinus ostium
A sinus ostium is the opening that connects a sinus to the nasal cavity itself.
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Siphonoglyph
The siphonoglyph is a ciliated groove at one or both ends of the mouth of sea anemones and some corals.
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Sipuncula
The Sipuncula or Sipunculida (common names sipunculid worms or peanut worms) is a group containing 144–320 species (estimates vary) of bilaterally symmetrical, unsegmented marine worms.
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Situs inversus
Situs inversus (also called situs transversus or oppositus) is a congenital condition in which the major visceral organs are reversed or mirrored from their normal positions.
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Situs solitus
Situs solitus is the normal position of thoracic and abdominal organs.
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Skeleton
The skeleton is the body part that forms the supporting structure of an organism.
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Smoothened
Smoothened is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SMO gene.
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Sorghum timorense
Sorghum timorense, commonly known as Downs sorghum, is an annual tropical Asian and Australasian grass native to the island of Timor, and Australia in the northern portions of the states of Northern Territory, Queensland, and Western Australia (flourishing in regions from Kimberley to Pilbara).
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Spawn (biology)
Spawn is the eggs and sperm released or deposited into water by aquatic animals.
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SPEF2
Sperm flagellar protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPEF2 gene.
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Sperm
Sperm is the male reproductive cell and is derived from the Greek word (σπέρμα) sperma (meaning "seed").
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Sperm motility
Sperm motility describes the ability of sperm to move properly through the female reproductive tract (internal fertilization) or through water (external fertilization) to reach the egg.
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Spermatocyte
Spermatocytes are a type of male gametocyte in animals.
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Spirobranchus giganteus
Spirobranchus giganteus, commonly known as Christmas tree worms, are tube-building polychaete worms belonging to the family Serpulidae.
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Sponge
Sponges, the members of the phylum Porifera (meaning "pore bearer"), are a basal Metazoa clade as sister of the Diploblasts.
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Squirmer
The squirmer is a model for a spherical microswimmer swimming in Stokes flow.
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Starfish
Starfish or sea stars are star-shaped echinoderms belonging to the class Asteroidea.
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Stenostomidae
Stenostomidae is a family of freshwater catenulid flatworms.
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Stentor (ciliate)
Stentor, sometimes called trumpet animalcules, are a genus of filter-feeding, heterotrophic ciliates, representative of the heterotrichs.
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Stentor coeruleus
Stentor coeruleus is a protist of the Stentor genus.
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Stereocilia
Stereocilia (or stereovilli) are non-motile apical modifications of the cell, which are distinct from cilia and microvilli, but closely related to the latter.
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Stereocilia (inner ear)
In the inner ear, stereocilia are the mechanosensing organelles of hair cells, which respond to fluid motion in numerous types of animals for various functions, including hearing and balance.
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Stichotrich
The stichotrichs are a group of ciliates, included among the spirotrichs.
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Stimulus (physiology)
In physiology, a stimulus (plural stimuli) is a detectable change in the internal or external environment.
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Stokes flow
Stokes flow (named after George Gabriel Stokes), also named creeping flow or creeping motion,Kim, S. & Karrila, S. J. (2005) Microhydrodynamics: Principles and Selected Applications, Dover.
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Strombidium lagenula
Strombidium lagenula is a species of marine planktonic ciliates belonging to the genus Strombidium (which contains about 31 species) in the order Oligotrichida.
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Stromboidea
The Stromboidea, originally named the Strombacea by Rafinesque in 1815, is a superfamily of medium-sized to very large sea snails in the clade Littorinimorpha.
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Structural inheritance
Structural inheritance or cortical inheritance is the transmission of an epigenetic trait in a living organism by a self-perpetuating spatial structures.
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Stylonychia
Stylonychia is a genus of ciliates, included among the stichotrichs.
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Suberites ficus
Suberites ficus is a species of sponge in the family Suberitidae.
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Subgenual organ
The subgenual organ is an organ in insects that is involved in the perception of sound.
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Surface epithelial-stromal tumor
Surface epithelial-stromal tumors are a class of ovarian neoplasms that may be benign or malignant.
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Swimmer's itch
Swimmer’s itch or cercarial dermatitis, is a short-term immune reaction occurring in the skin of humans that have been infected by water-borne schistosomatidae.
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Symbiogenesis
Symbiogenesis, or endosymbiotic theory, is an evolutionary theory of the origin of eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic organisms, first articulated in 1905 and 1910 by the Russian botanist Konstantin Mereschkowski, and advanced and substantiated with microbiological evidence by Lynn Margulis in 1967.
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Symmetry breaking and cortical rotation
This article is about the concept in biology.
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Syndesmis longicanalis
Syndesmis longicanalis is a species of marine flatworms endemic to the waters off Kenya.
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Synopses of the British Fauna
Synopses of the British Fauna is a series of identification guides, published by The Linnean Society and The Estuarine and Coastal Sciences Association.
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Tektin
Tektins are cytoskeletal proteins found in cilia and flagella as structural components of outer doublet microtubules.
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Tentaculata
Tentaculata is a class of comb jellies.
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Terebralia palustris
Terebralia palustris, common name the giant mangrove whelk, is a species of brackish-water snail, a gastropod mollusk in the family Potamididae.
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Teredo navalis
Teredo navalis, the naval shipworm, is a species of saltwater clam, a marine bivalve mollusc in the family Teredinidae, the shipworms.
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Testicle
The testicle or testis is the male reproductive gland in all animals, including humans.
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Tetrahymena
Tetrahymena is a genus of free-living ciliates that can also switch from commensalistic to pathogenic modes of survival.
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Thaliacea
The Thaliacea comprise a class of marine animals within the subphylum Tunicata.
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Thermoception
Thermoception or thermoreception is the sense by which an organism perceives temperature, or more accurately, temperature differences inferred from heat flux.
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Thorson's rule
Thorson's rule (named after Gunnar Thorson by S. A. Mileikovsky in 1971) Mileikovsky, S. A. 1971.
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Tim Stearns
Tim Stearns (born 1961 in Huntington, New York) is an American biologist, and is the Frank Lee and Carol Hall Professor in the Department of Biology at Stanford University, with appointments in the Department of Genetics and the Cancer Center in the Stanford Medical School.
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TMEM67
Meckelin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMEM67 gene.
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Tornaria
A tornaria is the planktonic larva of some species of Hemichordata such as the acorn worms.
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Torquaratoridae
Torquaratoridae (Latin for “neck plow”) is a family of Hemichordata that lives in deep waters.
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Trace fossil
A trace fossil, also ichnofossil (ιχνος ikhnos "trace, track"), is a geological record of biological activity.
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Trachea
The trachea, colloquially called the windpipe, is a cartilaginous tube that connects the pharynx and larynx to the lungs, allowing the passage of air, and so is present in almost all air-breathing animals with lungs.
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Tracy Sonneborn
Tracy Morton Sonneborn (October 19, 1905 – January 26, 1981) was an American biologist.
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Transportin 1
Transportin-1 (or Importin-β 2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNPO1 gene.
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Trepaxonemata
Trepaxonemata (from trepa-, spiral + axoneme) is a subclass of the Platyhelminthes or flatworms.
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Trichobilharzia regenti
Trichobilharzia regenti is a neuropathogenic parasitic flatworm of birds which also causes cercarial dermatitis in humans.
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Trichodina
Trichodina is a genus of ciliate alveolates that is ectocommensal or parasitic on aquatic animals, particularly fish.
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Trichoplax
Trichoplax adhaerens is the only extant representative of phylum Placozoa, which is a basal group of multicellular animals (metazoa).
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Trichoptilus ceramodes
Trichoptilus ceramodes is a moth of the Pterophoridae family that is found in Australia, including New South Wales and South Australia.
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Trichoptilus viduus
Trichoptilus viduus is a moth of the family Pterophoridae that is known from South Africa.
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Trochophore
A trochophore (also spelled trocophore) is a type of free-swimming planktonic marine larva with several bands of cilia.
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Tubal reversal
"Tubal Reversal," also called "Tubal Sterilization Reversal," or "Tubal Ligation Reversal," or "Microsurgical Tubal Reanastomosis," is a surgical procedure that can restore fertility to women after a tubal ligation.
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Tunicate
A tunicate is a marine invertebrate animal, a member of the subphylum Tunicata, which is part of the Chordata, a phylum which includes all animals with dorsal nerve cords and notochords.
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Turbellaria
The Turbellaria are one of the traditional sub-divisions of the phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms), and include all the sub-groups that are not exclusively parasitic.
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Tusk shell
The tusk shells or tooth shells, often referred to by the more-technical term scaphopods (Greek, "boat-footed"), are members of a class of shelled marine mollusc with worldwide distribution, and are the only class of exclusively infaunal marine molluscs.
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Undulipodium
An undulipodium (a Greek word meaning "swinging foot") or a 9+2 organelle is a motile filamentous extracellular projection of eukaryotic cells.
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Unicellular organism
A unicellular organism, also known as a single-celled organism, is an organism that consists of only one cell, unlike a multicellular organism that consists of more than one cell.
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Urbilaterian
The urbilaterian (from German ur- 'original') is the hypothetical last common ancestor of the bilaterian clade, i.e., all animals having a bilateral symmetry.
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Uterine serous carcinoma
Uterine serous carcinoma (USC), also known as uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) and uterine serous adenocarcinoma, is an uncommon form of endometrial cancer that typically arises in postmenopausal women.
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Uterotubal junction
The uterotubal junction or utero-tubal junction is the connection between the endometrial cavity of the uterus and the fallopian tube (uterine tube) at the proximal tubal opening, the beginning of the intramural part of the fallopian tube.
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VDAC3
Voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3 (VDAC3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the VDAC3 gene on chromosome 8.
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Veliger
A veliger is the planktonic larva of many kinds of sea snails and freshwater snails, as well as most bivalve molluscs (clams) and tusk shells.
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Verticordia monadelpha
Verticordia monadelpha is a flowering plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia.
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Visual system
The visual system is the part of the central nervous system which gives organisms the ability to process visual detail, as well as enabling the formation of several non-image photo response functions.
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Vocal folds
The vocal folds, also known commonly as vocal cords or voice reeds, are composed of twin infoldings of mucous membrane stretched horizontally, from back to front, across the larynx.
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Vorticella
Vorticella is a genus of bell-shaped ciliates that have stalks to attach themselves to substrates.
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Water vascular system
The water vascular system is a hydraulic system used by echinoderms, such as sea stars and sea urchins, for locomotion, food and waste transportation, and respiration.
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Watersipora subtorquata
Watersipora subtorquata, commonly known as the red-rust bryozoan, is a species of colonial bryozoan in the family Watersiporidae.
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William Sharpey
Prof William Sharpey FRS FRSE LLD (1 April 1802 – 11 April 1880) was a Scottish anatomist and physiologist.
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Wirenia argentea
Wirenia argentea is a species of marine mollusc of solenogastres in the family Gymnomeniidae.
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Xenacoelomorpha
Xenacoelomorpha is a basal bilaterian phylum of small and very simple animals, grouping the xenoturbellids with the acoelomorphs.
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Xenoturbella
Xenoturbella is a genus of very simple bilaterians up to a few centimeters long.
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Yorgia
Yorgia waggoneri is a discoid Ediacaran, and possibly represents a transition organism between Dickinsonia and Spriggina.
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2,5-Dimethylfuran
2,5-Dimethylfuran is a heterocyclic compound with the formula (CH3)2C4H2O.
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Redirects here:
Cellular antenna, Cilia, Ciliary motion, Ciliary rootlet, Ciliate cells, Ciliated, Cilius, Cirrus (organ), Motile cilia, Motile cilium, Primary cilium.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cilium
