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286 relations: Abistamenes, Abulites, Achaemenid architecture, Achaemenid Empire, Achaemenid family tree, Afghanistan, Afridun I, Ahura Mazda, Ahvanu, Alexander (2004 film), Alexander Mosaic, Alexander of Lyncestis, Alexander the Great, Alexander the Great (1956 film), Alexander the Great (board game), Alexander the Great in legend, Alexander the Great in the Quran, Alexander's Feast (Dryden poem), Alexandreis, Amanian Gate, Amasra, Amastrine, Anahita, Ancient Greece, Ancient history, Ancient history of Afghanistan, Ancient warfare, Andronicus of Olynthus, Apame (concubine), Arachosia, Ardashir I, Ariarathes I of Cappadocia, Ariobarzanes of Persis, Arsames (satrap of Cilicia), Arses of Persia, Artabazos II of Phrygia, Artakama, Artaxerxes III, Astronomical chronology, Atizyes, Atropatene, Atropates, Autophradates, Azo of Iberia, Çatalağzı, Úgaine Mór, İzmir, Babylon, Bactria, Bagoas, ..., Bagoas (courtier), Balkh Province, Bardarash, Barsine, Battle of Gaugamela, Battle of Issus, Battle of Issus (194), Battle of the Persian Gate, Battle of the Uxian Defile, Battle of Thebes, Belen Pass, Bessus, Beth Garmai, Biblical literalist chronology, Biga Çayı, Book of Ezra, Cadusii, Canon of Kings, Cavalry, Chares of Athens, Charge (warfare), Charidemus, Chariot, Chorasmia (satrapy), Christophe Veyrier, Chronology of the expedition of Alexander the Great into Asia, Classical Anatolia, Cleitus the Black, Collective wedding, Costantino Cedini, Craterus, Cyrus the Great, Cytorus, Darab Nama, Darius, Darius (given name), Dascylium, Dörtyol, Death of Alexander the Great, Defeat in detail, Deli Çay, Demosthenes, Despotism, Diadochi, Dismemberment, Doctor Faustus (play), Dry tree, Drypetina, Drypetis, Erbil, Erigyius, Eunuch, Euphrates, Ezra–Nehemiah, Fate/Extra Last Encore, Funeral Games (novel), Galerius, Gülek, Halicarnassus, Harand, Pakistan, Heinrich Heydemann, Helena of Egypt, Hellenistic art, Hellenistic period, Hellespontine Phrygia, Hephaestion, Herodian, History of 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List of monarchs of Persia, List of mothers to monarchs of Georgia, List of pharaohs, List of poisonings, List of state leaders in the 4th century BC, List of tombs and mausoleums, List of tombs of Iranian people, List of women who died in childbirth, Little Zab, Macedonia (ancient kingdom), Madates, Margiana, Mazaces, Mazaeus, Meanings of minor planet names: 1–1000, Media (region), Memnon of Rhodes, Memphis, Egypt, Mercenary, Middle Eastern empires, Military art, Military history, Military history of Iraq, Military history of Ray, Iran, Mithrenes, Mithridates (Persian general), Mithrobuzanes, Music of Iran, Myriandrus, Naqsh-e Rustam, Natanz, National Museum of Beirut, Nicanor (son of Parmenion), Ochus, October 1, Opis, Orontes I, Orontes II, Orontid Dynasty, Orontobates, Ostanes (son of Darius II), Oxyathres of Heraclea, Oxyathres of Persia, Pamphylia, Parysatis II, Payas River, Peritas, Persepolis, Persian art, Persian war elephants, Pharnabazus III, Pharnaces (Persian noble), Pharnavaz I of Iberia, Pherendates II, Philip of Acarnania, Phobos (mythology), Phocion, Phrataphernes, Pinarus River, Platanus, Praneet Bhat, Ptolemy (son of Seleucus), Raz Degan, Reign: The Conqueror, Rheomithres, Rock relief, Roksan Audio, Roman d'Alexandre, Roman d'Alexandre en prose, Roman mosaic, Rome: Total War: Alexander, Roxana, Sabaces, Safwa City, Sanballat the Horonite, Sasanian Empire, Satibarzanes, Seleucid Empire, Seleucus I Nicator, Sematawytefnakht, Semnan Province, Siege of Gaza, Siege of Halicarnassus, Simon Gribelin, Sisygambis, Sogdia, Spithridates, Stateira I, Stowe House, Susa weddings, The Anabasis of Alexander, The Battle of Alexander at Issus, The Continence of Scipio, The Ends of the Earth (novel), The Family of Darius before Alexander, The Metal Monster, The Persian Boy, The Prince, The Sands of Ammon, The Suicide of Saul, Thirty-first Dynasty of Egypt, Timeline of ancient Greece, Timeline of ancient history, Timeline of Armenian history, Timeline of Indian history, Timeline of Jerusalem, Timeline of LGBT history, Tomb of Darius I, Uxii, Vahe, Vistahm, Wars of Alexander the Great, Women in ancient warfare, Zile, Zoroastrianism in Azerbaijan, 324 BC, 330 BC, 331 BC, 332 BC, 333 BC, 334 BC, 336 BC, 380 BC, 4th century BC. 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Abistamenes
Abistamenes (fl. 4th century BC) was a governor, or satrap, of Cappadocia, or at least of its southern portions, with Ariarathes I of Cappadocia possibly governing the north.
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Abulites
Abulites (Ἀβουλίτης) was the Achaemenid satrap of Susiana.
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Achaemenid architecture
Achaemenid architecture (Persian: معماری هخامنشیان) includes all architectural achievements of the Achaemenid Persians manifesting in construction of spectacular cities used for governance and inhabitation (Persepolis, Susa, Ecbatana), temples made for worship and social gatherings (such as Zoroastrian temples), and mausoleums erected in honor of fallen kings (such as the burial tomb of Cyrus the Great).
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Achaemenid Empire
The Achaemenid Empire, also called the First Persian Empire, was an empire based in Western Asia, founded by Cyrus the Great.
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Achaemenid family tree
No description.
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Afghanistan
Afghanistan (Pashto/Dari:, Pashto: Afġānistān, Dari: Afġānestān), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located within South Asia and Central Asia.
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Afridun I
Afridun the Martyr was the eighteenth Shah of Shirvan.
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Ahura Mazda
Ahura Mazda (also known as Ohrmazd, Ahuramazda, Hourmazd, Hormazd, Harzoo and Hurmuz) is the Avestan name for the creator and sole God of Zoroastrianism, the old Iranian religion that spread across the Middle East, before ultimately being relegated to small minorities after the Muslim conquest of Iran.
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Ahvanu
Ahvanu (اهوانو, also Romanized as Āhvānū, Āhevānū, and Ahovanoo; also known as Ayānu and Eynū) is a village in Rudbar Rural District, in the Central District of Damghan County, Semnan Province, Iran.
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Alexander (2004 film)
Alexander is a 2004 epic historical drama film based on the life of the Macedonian general and king Alexander the Great.
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Alexander Mosaic
The Alexander Mosaic, dating from circa 100 BC, is a Roman floor mosaic originally from the House of the Faun in Pompeii.
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Alexander of Lyncestis
Alexander (Αλέξανδρος), son of Aeropus of Lyncestis, was a native of the upper Macedonian district called Lyncestis, whence he is usually called Alexander of Lynkestis or Alexander Lyncestes.
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Alexander the Great
Alexander III of Macedon (20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), commonly known as Alexander the Great (Aléxandros ho Mégas), was a king (basileus) of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon and a member of the Argead dynasty.
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Alexander the Great (1956 film)
Alexander the Great is a 1956 epic historical drama film written, produced and directed by Robert Rossen about the life of Macedonian Greek general and king Alexander the Great.
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Alexander the Great (board game)
Alexander the Great is a board wargame first published in 1971 by Guidon Games.
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Alexander the Great in legend
There are many legendary accounts surrounding the life of Alexander the Great, with a relatively large number deriving from his own lifetime, probably encouraged by Alexander himself.
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Alexander the Great in the Quran
The story of Dhul-Qarnayn (in Arabic ذو القرنين, literally "The Two-Horned One", also transliterated as Zul-Qarnain or Zulqarnain), mentioned in the Quran, may be a reference to Alexander III of Macedon (356–323 BC), popularly known as Alexander the Great.
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Alexander's Feast (Dryden poem)
Alexander's Feast, or the Power of Music (1697) is an ode by John Dryden.
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Alexandreis
Alexandreis (or Alexandreid) is a medieval Latin epic poem by Walter of Châtillon, a 12th-century French writer and theologian.
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Amanian Gate
The Amanian Gate (Amani Portae) or Bahçe Pass (Bahçe Geçidi), also known as the Amanus Pass or Amanides Pylae (Ἀμανίδες or Ἀμανικαί Πύλαι 'Amanus Gates'), is a mountain pass located on the border between Osmaniye and Gaziantep provinces in south-central Turkey.
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Amasra
Amasra (from Greek Amastris Ἄμαστρις, gen. Ἀμάστριδος) is a small Black Sea port town in the Bartın Province, Turkey, formerly known as Amastris.
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Amastrine
Amastris (Ἄμαστρις; killed c. 284 BC) also called Amastrine, was a Persian princess.
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Anahita
Anahita is the Old Persian form of the name of an Iranian goddess and appears in complete and earlier form as Aredvi Sura Anahita (Arədvī Sūrā Anāhitā), the Avestan name of an Indo-Iranian cosmological figure venerated as the divinity of "the Waters" (Aban) and hence associated with fertility, healing and wisdom.
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Ancient Greece
Ancient Greece was a civilization belonging to a period of Greek history from the Greek Dark Ages of the 13th–9th centuries BC to the end of antiquity (AD 600).
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Ancient history
Ancient history is the aggregate of past events, "History" from the beginning of recorded human history and extending as far as the Early Middle Ages or the post-classical history.
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Ancient history of Afghanistan
Archaeological exploration of the pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan began in Afghanistan in earnest after World War II and proceeded until the late 1970s when the nation was invaded by the Soviet Union.
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Ancient warfare
Ancient warfare is war as conducted from the beginnings of recorded history to the end of the ancient period.
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Andronicus of Olynthus
Andronicus (Ἀνδρόνικος) of Olynthus was a Macedonian nobleman and general in the 4th century BCE.
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Apame (concubine)
Apame was first mentioned in 1 Esdras 4:29Yet I have seen him with Apame, the king's concubine, the daughter of the illustrious Bartacus; she would sit at the king's right hand The preceding quotation is part of the Darius Contest interpolation.
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Arachosia
Arachosia is the Hellenized name of an ancient satrapy in the eastern part of the Achaemenid, Seleucid, Parthian, Greco-Bactrian, and Indo-Scythian empires.
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Ardashir I
Ardashir I or Ardeshir I (Middle Persian:, New Persian: اردشیر بابکان, Ardashir-e Bābakān), also known as Ardashir the Unifier (180–242 AD), was the founder of the Sasanian Empire.
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Ariarathes I of Cappadocia
Ariarathes I (Ἀριαράθης Ariaráthēs; died 322 BC) was the satrap of the Satrapy of Cappadocia under the Achaemenid Empire from 350 to 331 BC, and the King of Cappadocia from 331 until his death in 322.
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Ariobarzanes of Persis
Ariobarzanes (in Ἀριοβαρζάνης, in آریو برزن; also spelled as Ario Barzan or Aryo Barzan (meaning "exalting the Aryans"); died 330 BC), also known as Ariobarzanes the Brave, was an Achaemenid prince, satrap and a Persian military commander who led a last stand of the Persian army at the Battle of the Persian Gate against Macedonian King Alexander the Great in the winter of 330 BC.
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Arsames (satrap of Cilicia)
Arsames (Ἀρσάμης) was an Achaemenid Persian satrap of Cilicia in 334/3 BC.
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Arses of Persia
Artaxerxes (Artaxšacā) IV Arses (12), was king of Persia between 338 BC and 336 BC.
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Artabazos II of Phrygia
Artabazus (in Greek Αρτάβαζος) (fl. 389 – 328 BC) was a Persian general and satrap.
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Artakama
Artakama (fl. 324 BC) was a Persian noblewoman and the second wife of Ptolemy I Soter, a Macedonian general under Alexander the Great and the first Pharaoh of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Egypt.
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Artaxerxes III
Artaxerxes III Ochus of Persia (𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂 Artaxšaçā) (338 BC) was the eleventh emperor of the Achaemenid Empire, as well as the first Pharaoh of the 31st dynasty of Egypt.
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Astronomical chronology
Astronomical chronology, or astronomical dating, is a technical method of dating events or artifacts that are associated with astronomical phenomena.
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Atizyes
Atizyes was a Persian satrap of Greater Phrygia under the Achaemenids in 334 BC, when Alexander the Great began his campaign.
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Atropatene
Atropatene (in Ἀτροπατηνή; in Middle Iranian: Atropatkan and Atorpatkan) was an ancient kingdom established and ruled under local ethnic Iranian dynasties, first with Darius III of Persia and later Alexander the Great of Macedonia starting in the 4th century BC and includes the territory of modern-day Iranian Azerbaijan, Iranian Kurdistan, and a small part of the contemporary Azerbaijan Republic.
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Atropates
Atropates (Greek Aτρoπάτης, from Old Persian Athurpat "protected by fire"; c. 370 BC – after 321 BC) was a Persian trader and nobleman who served Darius III, then Alexander the Great, and eventually founded an independent kingdom and dynasty that was named after him.
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Autophradates
Autophradates (Greek: Aὐτoφραδάτης; lived 4th century BC) was a Persian who distinguished himself as a general in the reign of Artaxerxes III and Darius Codomannus.
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Azo of Iberia
Azo, Azoy or Azon (აზო; აზოჲ; აზონი) was a ruler of Georgians of ancient Kartli (Iberia of the Classical authors) claimed by medieval Georgian annals to have been installed by Alexander the Great, king of Macedon (r. 336–323 BC).
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Çatalağzı
Çatalağzı is a belde (town) in Zonguldak Province, Turkey.
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Úgaine Mór
Úgaine Mór, son of Eochu Buadach, son of Dui Ladrach, was, according to medieval Irish legend and historical tradition, the 66th High King of Ireland.
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İzmir
İzmir is a metropolitan city in the western extremity of Anatolia and the third most populous city in Turkey, after Istanbul and Ankara.
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Babylon
Babylon (KA2.DIĜIR.RAKI Bābili(m); Aramaic: בבל, Babel; بَابِل, Bābil; בָּבֶל, Bavel; ܒܒܠ, Bāwēl) was a key kingdom in ancient Mesopotamia from the 18th to 6th centuries BC.
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Bactria
Bactria or Bactriana was the name of a historical region in Central Asia.
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Bagoas
Bagoas (𐎲𐎦𐎡 Bagoi, Βαγώας Bagōas; died 336 BC) was a prominent Persian official who served as the vizier (Chief Minister) of the Achaemenid Empire until his death.
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Bagoas (courtier)
Bagoas (𐎲𐎦𐎡 Bagoi, Βαγώας Bagōas) was a eunuch in the court of the Persian Empire in the 4th Century BC.
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Balkh Province
Balkh (Pashto and بلخ, Balx) is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the north of the country.
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Bardarash
Bardarash (Barda Rash; Berdereş,بەردەڕەش) is a district located in Iraqi Kurdistan, Nineveh Governorate, 70 km north of Irbil Region (the capital of Iraqi Kurdistan) and 32 km north east of Mosul.
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Barsine
Barsine (Βαρσίνη; c. 363–309 BC) was daughter of a Persian father, Artabazus, satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia and a Greek mother.
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Battle of Gaugamela
The Battle of Gaugamela (Γαυγάμηλα), also called the Battle of Arbela (Ἄρβηλα), was the decisive battle of Alexander the Great's invasion of the Persian Achaemenid Empire.
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Battle of Issus
The Battle of Issus occurred in southern Anatolia, on November 5, 333 BC between the Hellenic League led by Alexander the Great and the Achaemenid Empire, led by Darius III, in the second great battle of Alexander's conquest of Asia.
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Battle of Issus (194)
The Battle of Issus was the third major battle in between the forces of Emperor Septimius Severus and his rival, Pescennius Niger, part of the Year of the Five Emperors.
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Battle of the Persian Gate
The Battle of the Persian Gate was a military conflict between Achaemenid Persian army, commanded by the satrap of Persis, Ariobarzanes, and the invading Hellenic League, commanded by Alexander the Great.
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Battle of the Uxian Defile
The Battle of Uxian Defile was fought by Alexander the Great against the Uxian tribe of the Persian Empire.
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Battle of Thebes
The Battle of Thebes was a battle that took place between Alexander the Great and the Greek city state of Thebes in 335 BC immediately outside of and in the city proper in Boeotia.
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Belen Pass
The Belen Pass (Belen Geçidi), also known as the Syrian Gates, is a mountain pass located in the Belen District of Hatay Province in south-central Turkey.
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Bessus
Bessus, also known as Artaxerxes V (died summer 329 BC), was a prominent Persian Satrap of Bactria in Persia, and later self-proclaimed King of Kings of Persia.
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Beth Garmai
Beth Garmai, (باجرمي, Middle Persian: Garamig/Garamīkān/Garmagān, New Persian/Kurdish: Garmakan, ܒܝܬ ܓܪܡܐ, Latin and Greek: Garamaea) is a historical region around the city of Kirkuk in northern Iraq.
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Biblical literalist chronology
Biblical literalist chronology is the attempt to correlate the theological dates used in the Bible with the real chronology of actual events.
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Biga Çayı
The Biga River (Biga Çayı) is a small river or large creek in Çanakkale Province in northwestern Turkey.
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Book of Ezra
The Book of Ezra is a book of the Hebrew Bible; which formerly included the Book of Nehemiah in a single book, commonly distinguished in scholarship as Ezra–Nehemiah.
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Cadusii
The Cadusii (Καδούσιοι) were an ancient people living in north-western Iran.
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Canon of Kings
The Canon of Kings was a dated list of kings used by ancient astronomers as a convenient means to date astronomical phenomena, such as eclipses.
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Cavalry
Cavalry (from the French cavalerie, cf. cheval 'horse') or horsemen were soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback.
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Chares of Athens
Chares of Athens (lived in the 4th century BC) and was an Athenian general, who for a number of years was a key commander of Athenian forces.
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Charge (warfare)
A charge is a maneuver in battle in which combatants advance towards their enemy at their best speed in an attempt to engage in close combat.
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Charidemus
Charidemus (Χαρίδημος), of Oreus in Euboea, was a Greek mercenary leader of the 4th century BC.
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Chariot
A chariot is a type of carriage driven by a charioteer using primarily horses to provide rapid motive power.
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Chorasmia (satrapy)
Chorasmia (Old Persian Uvârazmiya) was a satrapy of the Achaemenid Empire in Persia.
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Christophe Veyrier
Christophe Veyrier (25 June 1637 – 10 June 1689) was a French sculptor, the nephew and follower of Pierre Puget.
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Chronology of the expedition of Alexander the Great into Asia
Chronological summary of the expedition of Alexander the Great into Asia against the Persian Empire of king Darius III, with indication of the countries/places visited or simply crossed, including the most important battles/sieges and the cities founded (Alexandrias).
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Classical Anatolia
Anatolia, also known by the Latin name of Asia Minor, is considered to be the westernmost extent of Asia.
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Cleitus the Black
Cleitus (Clitus) the Black (Κλεῖτος ὁ μέλας; c. 375 BC – 328 BC) was an officer of the Macedonian army led by Alexander the Great.
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Collective wedding
A collective wedding or mass wedding is a marriage ceremony in which several couples are married at the same time.
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Costantino Cedini
Costantino Cedini (1741 – 5 April 1811) was an Italian painter and art professor.
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Craterus
Craterus or Krateros (Κρατερός; c. 370 BC – 321 BC) was an ancient Macedonian general under Alexander the Great and one of the Diadochi.
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Cyrus the Great
Cyrus II of Persia (𐎤𐎢𐎽𐎢𐏁 Kūruš; New Persian: کوروش Kuruš;; c. 600 – 530 BC), commonly known as Cyrus the Great  and also called Cyrus the Elder by the Greeks, was the founder of the Achaemenid Empire, the first Persian Empire.
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Cytorus
Cytorus (Greek Κύτωρος, Kytoros; also Cytorum, Κύτωρον, Kytoron) was a settlement on the northern coast of Asia Minor.
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Darab Nama
The Darab-Naameh (دارابنامه) (Book of Daaraab) is a Persian prose romance, written by the 12th-century writer Abu Taher Muhammad, in which the adventures of the Kayanid Iranian King Darab are recounted.
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Darius
Darius may refer to.
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Darius (given name)
Darius is a male given name.
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Dascylium
Dascylium (Δασκύλιον, Δασκυλεῖον) was a town in Anatolia some 30 kilometres inland from the coast of the Propontis, at modern Ergili, Turkey.
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Dörtyol
Dörtyol (Չորք Մարզպան, Čork Marzban) is a city in Hatay Province, Turkey.
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Death of Alexander the Great
The death of Alexander the Great and subsequent related events have been the subjects of debates.
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Defeat in detail
Defeat in detail, or divide and conquer, is a military tactic of bringing a large portion of one's own force to bear on small enemy units in sequence, rather than engaging the bulk of the enemy force all at once.
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Deli Çay
The Deli Çay ('Crazy River') is a river in southern Anatolia near today's Turkey—Syria border.
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Demosthenes
Demosthenes (Δημοσθένης Dēmosthénēs;; 384 – 12 October 322 BC) was a Greek statesman and orator of ancient Athens.
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Despotism
Despotism (Δεσποτισμός, Despotismós) is a form of government in which a single entity rules with absolute power.
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Diadochi
The Diadochi (plural of Latin Diadochus, from Διάδοχοι, Diádokhoi, "successors") were the rival generals, families, and friends of Alexander the Great who fought for control over his empire after his death in 323 BC.
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Dismemberment
Dismemberment is the act of cutting, tearing, pulling, wrenching or otherwise removing the limbs of a living thing.
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Doctor Faustus (play)
The Tragical History of the Life and Death of Doctor Faustus, commonly referred to simply as Doctor Faustus, is an Elizabethan tragedy by Christopher Marlowe, based on German stories about the title character Faust, that was first performed sometime between 1588 and Marlowe's death in 1593.
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Dry tree
The Dry tree (or Solitary tree) is a legendary tree.
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Drypetina
Drypetina (died c. 66 BC) was a devoted daughter of King Mithridates VI of Pontus and his sister-wife Laodice.
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Drypetis
Drypetis or Drypteis (died 323 BCE), was a princess of the Achaemenid dynasty in Persia.
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Erbil
Erbil, also spelt Arbil or Irbil, locally called Hawler by the Kurdish people (ھەولێر Hewlêr; أربيل, Arbīl; ܐܲܪܒܝܠ, Arbela), is the capital of Iraqi Kurdistan and the largest city in northern Iraq.
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Erigyius
Erigyius (in Greek Eριγυιoς; died 328 BC), a Mytilenaean, son of Larichus, was an officer in Alexander the Great's army.
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Eunuch
The term eunuch (εὐνοῦχος) generally refers to a man who has been castrated, typically early enough in his life for this change to have major hormonal consequences.
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Euphrates
The Euphrates (Sumerian: Buranuna; 𒌓𒄒𒉣 Purattu; الفرات al-Furāt; ̇ܦܪܬ Pǝrāt; Եփրատ: Yeprat; פרת Perat; Fırat; Firat) is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of Western Asia.
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Ezra–Nehemiah
Ezra–Nehemiah is a book in the Hebrew Bible found in the Ketuvim section, originally with the Hebrew title of Ezra.
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Fate/Extra Last Encore
is an anime adaptation of the Fate/Extra video game.
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Funeral Games (novel)
Funeral Games is a 1981 historical novel by Mary Renault, dealing with the death of Alexander the Great and its aftermath, the gradual disintegration of his empire.
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Galerius
Galerius (Gaius Galerius Valerius Maximianus Augustus; c. 250 – April or May 311) was Roman Emperor from 305 to 311.
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Gülek
Gülek is a town in Mersin Province, Turkey.
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Halicarnassus
Halicarnassus (Ἁλικαρνᾱσσός, Halikarnāssós or Ἀλικαρνασσός, Alikarnāssós, Halikarnas) was an ancient Greek city which stood on the site of modern Bodrum in Turkey.
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Harand, Pakistan
Harand is an old city in Pakistan located in Rajanpur district of Punjab.
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Heinrich Heydemann
Heinrich Heydemann (28 August 1842, in Greifswald – 10 October 1889, in Halle an der Saale) was a German classical philologist and archaeologist, largely known for his studies of Greek and Roman vases.
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Helena of Egypt
Helena (active during the 4th century BC in Egypt) was a painter who learned her craft from her father, Timon, who was also an artist.
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Hellenistic art
Hellenistic art is the art of the period in classical antiquity generally taken to begin with the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and end with the conquest of the Greek world by the Romans, a process well underway by 146 BCE, when the Greek mainland was taken, and essentially ending in 31 BCE with the conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt following the Battle of Actium.
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Hellenistic period
The Hellenistic period covers the period of Mediterranean history between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the emergence of the Roman Empire as signified by the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the subsequent conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt the following year.
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Hellespontine Phrygia
Hellespontine Phrygia (Ἑλλησποντιακὴ Φρυγία, Hellēspontiakē Phrygia) or Lesser Phrygia (μικρᾶ Φρυγία, mikra Phrygia) was a Persian satrapy (province) in northwestern Anatolia, directly southeast of the Hellespont.
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Hephaestion
Hephaestion (Ἡφαιστίων Hephaistíon; c. 356 BC – 324 BC), son of Amyntor, was an ancient Macedonian nobleman and a general in the army of Alexander the Great.
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Herodian
Herodian or Herodianus (Ἡρωδιανός) of Syria, sometimes referred to as "Herodian of Antioch" (c. 170 – c. 240), was a minor Roman civil servant who wrote a colourful history in Greek titled History of the Empire from the Death of Marcus (τῆς μετὰ Μάρκον βασιλείας ἱστορία) in eight books covering the years 180 to 238.
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History of Afghanistan
The history of Afghanistan, (تاریخ افغانستان, د افغانستان تاريخ) began in 1747 with its establishment by Ahmad Shah Durrani.
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History of Anatolia
The history of Anatolia (Asia Minor) can be roughly subdivided into prehistory, Ancient Near East (Bronze Age and Early Iron Age), Classical Anatolia, Hellenistic Anatolia, Byzantine Anatolia, the age of the Crusades followed by the gradual Seljuk/Ottoman conquest in the 13th to 14th centuries, Ottoman Anatolia (14th to 19th centuries) and the modern history of the Republic of Turkey.
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History of Iran
The history of Iran, commonly also known as Persia in the Western world, is intertwined with the history of a larger region, also to an extent known as Greater Iran, comprising the area from Anatolia, the Bosphorus, and Egypt in the west to the borders of Ancient India and the Syr Darya in the east, and from the Caucasus and the Eurasian Steppe in the north to the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman in the south.
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History of Macedonia (ancient kingdom)
The kingdom of Macedonia was an ancient state in what is now the Macedonian region of northern Greece, founded in the mid-7th century BC during the period of Archaic Greece and lasting until the mid-2nd century BC.
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History of Palestine
The history of Palestine is the study of the past in the region of Palestine, generally defined as a geographic region in the Southern Levant between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River (where Israel and Palestine are today), and various adjoining lands.
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History of silk
The production of silk originates in China in the Neolithic (Yangshao culture, 4th millennium BC).
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History of Turkey
The history of Turkey, understood as the history of the region now forming the territory of the Republic of Turkey, includes the history of both Anatolia (the Asian part of Turkey) and Eastern Thrace (the European part of Turkey).
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History of Western civilization before AD 500
Western civilization describes the development of human civilization beginning in Greece, and generally spreading westwards.
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Horses in warfare
The first use of horses in warfare occurred over 5,000 years ago.
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House of the Faun
The House of the Faun (Casa del Fauno), built during the 2nd century BC, was one of the largest and most impressive private residences in Pompeii, Italy, and housed many great pieces of art.
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Hyrcania
Hyrcania (Ὑρκανία Hyrkania, Old Persian: Varkâna,Lendering (1996) Middle Persian: Gurgān, Akkadian: Urqananu) is a historical region composed of the land south-east of the Caspian Sea in modern-day Iran, bound in the south by the Alborz mountain range and the Kopet Dag in the east.
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I Am the Great Horse
I Am the Great Horse is a historical fantasy novel by Katherine Roberts, published in August, 2006 by The Chicken House and aimed at teens.
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Illuminated manuscript
An illuminated manuscript is a manuscript in which the text is supplemented with such decoration as initials, borders (marginalia) and miniature illustrations.
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Index of ancient Egypt-related articles
Articles related to ancient Egypt include.
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Indica (Arrian)
Indica (Ἰνδική Indike) is the name of a short military history about interior Asia, particularly the Indian subcontinent, written by Arrian in 2nd-century CE.
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Iran
Iran (ایران), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th-most-populous country. Comprising a land area of, it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th-largest in the world. Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan, to the north by the Caspian Sea, to the northeast by Turkmenistan, to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, give it geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic and cultural center. Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BCE. It was first unified by the Iranian Medes in the seventh century BCE, reaching its greatest territorial size in the sixth century BCE, when Cyrus the Great founded the Achaemenid Empire, which stretched from Eastern Europe to the Indus Valley, becoming one of the largest empires in history. The Iranian realm fell to Alexander the Great in the fourth century BCE and was divided into several Hellenistic states. An Iranian rebellion culminated in the establishment of the Parthian Empire, which was succeeded in the third century CE by the Sasanian Empire, a leading world power for the next four centuries. Arab Muslims conquered the empire in the seventh century CE, displacing the indigenous faiths of Zoroastrianism and Manichaeism with Islam. Iran made major contributions to the Islamic Golden Age that followed, producing many influential figures in art and science. After two centuries, a period of various native Muslim dynasties began, which were later conquered by the Turks and the Mongols. The rise of the Safavids in the 15th century led to the reestablishment of a unified Iranian state and national identity, with the country's conversion to Shia Islam marking a turning point in Iranian and Muslim history. Under Nader Shah, Iran was one of the most powerful states in the 18th century, though by the 19th century, a series of conflicts with the Russian Empire led to significant territorial losses. Popular unrest led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy and the country's first legislature. A 1953 coup instigated by the United Kingdom and the United States resulted in greater autocracy and growing anti-Western resentment. Subsequent unrest against foreign influence and political repression led to the 1979 Revolution and the establishment of an Islamic republic, a political system that includes elements of a parliamentary democracy vetted and supervised by a theocracy governed by an autocratic "Supreme Leader". During the 1980s, the country was engaged in a war with Iraq, which lasted for almost nine years and resulted in a high number of casualties and economic losses for both sides. According to international reports, Iran's human rights record is exceptionally poor. The regime in Iran is undemocratic, and has frequently persecuted and arrested critics of the government and its Supreme Leader. Women's rights in Iran are described as seriously inadequate, and children's rights have been severely violated, with more child offenders being executed in Iran than in any other country in the world. Since the 2000s, Iran's controversial nuclear program has raised concerns, which is part of the basis of the international sanctions against the country. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, an agreement reached between Iran and the P5+1, was created on 14 July 2015, aimed to loosen the nuclear sanctions in exchange for Iran's restriction in producing enriched uranium. Iran is a founding member of the UN, ECO, NAM, OIC, and OPEC. It is a major regional and middle power, and its large reserves of fossil fuels – which include the world's largest natural gas supply and the fourth-largest proven oil reserves – exert considerable influence in international energy security and the world economy. The country's rich cultural legacy is reflected in part by its 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the third-largest number in Asia and eleventh-largest in the world. Iran is a multicultural country comprising numerous ethnic and linguistic groups, the largest being Persians (61%), Azeris (16%), Kurds (10%), and Lurs (6%).
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Iranian folklore
Iranian folklore encompasses the folk traditions that have evolved in Iran.
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Issus, Cilicia
Issus (Phoenician: Sissu, Ἱσσός or Ἱσσοί) is an ancient settlement on the strategic coastal plain straddling the small Pinarus river (a fast melt-water stream several metres wide) below the navigationally difficult inland mountains towering above to the east in the Turkish Province of Hatay, near the border with Syria.
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Jona Lendering
Jona Lendering (born 29 October 1964 in Beneden-Leeuwen, Gelderland) is a Dutch historian and the author of books on antiquity, Dutch history and modern management.
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Karemlash
Karemlash (ܟܪܡܠܫ, كرمليس; also spelled Karemles, Karemlish) is an Assyrian town in northern Iraq located less than south east of Mosul.
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Kay Bahman
Kai Bahman or -Wahman (and other variants) is a mythological figure of Greater Iranian legend and lore.
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Kay Darab
Kay Darab, or Darab Kiani, is a legendary king of Iran, who ruled Zoroastrian Persia after his father Kai Bahman and his mother Homai in the 4th century BC.
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Kayanian dynasty
The Kayanians, also Kays, Kayanids or Kaianids, or Kiani, are a semi-mythological dynasty of Persian tradition and folklore which supposedly ruled after the Pishdadids, and before the historical Achaemenids.
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Kōichi Yamadera
is a Japanese actor, voice actor, narrator and singer from Shiogama, Miyagi Prefecture.
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Khabash
Khabash, also Khababash or Khabbash, resided at Sais in the fifth nome of Lower Egypt in the fourth century BCE.
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Khosrow II
Khosrow II (Chosroes II in classical sources; Middle Persian: Husrō(y)), entitled "Aparvēz" ("The Victorious"), also Khusraw Parvēz (New Persian: خسرو پرویز), was the last great king of the Sasanian Empire, reigning from 590 to 628.
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King Alisaunder
King Alisaunder or Kyng Alisaunder is a Middle English romance or romantic epic in 4017 octosyllabic couplets.
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King Henry Fifth's Conquest of France
King Henry Fifth's Conquest of France (Child 164; Roud 251) is a British ballad which recounts a highly fictionalized version of the Battle of Agincourt and the events surrounding it.
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Kirkuk
Kirkuk (كركوك; کەرکووک; Kerkük) is a city in Iraq, serving as the capital of the Kirkuk Governorate, located north of Baghdad.
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Konya
Konya (Ikónion, Iconium) is a major city in south-western edge of the Central Anatolian Plateau and is the seventh-most-populous city in Turkey with a metropolitan population of over 2.1 million.
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Kunihiko Yasui
is a Japanese voice actor who graduated from the Aichi Prefecture.
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Late Period of ancient Egypt
The Late Period of ancient Egypt refers to the last flowering of native Egyptian rulers after the Third Intermediate Period from the 26th Saite Dynasty into Achaemenid Persian conquests and ended with the conquest by Alexander the Great and establishment of the Ptolemaic Kingdom.
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Lion and Sun
The Lion and Sun (شیر و خورشید, Shir o Khorshid) is one of the main emblems of Iran (Persia), and formerly was an element in Iran's national flag.
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List of ancient Persians
No description.
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List of Armenian kings
This is a list of the kings and queens of Armenia, for more information on ancient Armenia and Armenians, please see History of Armenia.
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List of battles (geographic)
This list of battles is organized geographically, by country in its present territory.
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List of battles before 301
No description.
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List of biblical figures identified in extra-biblical sources
These are biblical figures unambiguously identified in contemporary sources according to scholarly consensus.
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List of book-burning incidents
Notable book burnings have taken place throughout history.
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List of historical opera characters
This is a list of historical figures who have been characters in opera or operetta.
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List of individual trees
The following is a list of notable trees from around the world.
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List of kings of Babylon
The following is a list of the kings of Babylonia (ancient southern-central Iraq), compiled from the traditional Babylonian king lists and modern archaeological findings.
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List of mausolea
This is a list of mausolea around the world.
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List of mercenaries
This is a list of mercenaries.
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List of minor planets named after people
This is a list of minor planets named after people, both real and fictional.
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List of monarchs of Persia
This article lists the monarchs of Persia, who ruled over the area of modern-day Iran from the establishment of the Achaemenid dynasty by Achaemenes around 705 BCE until the deposition of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979.
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List of mothers to monarchs of Georgia
This list includes the biological mothers of the Georgian monarchs.
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List of pharaohs
This article contains a list of the pharaohs of Ancient Egypt, from the Early Dynastic Period before 3100 BC through to the end of the Ptolemaic Dynasty, when Egypt became a province of Rome under Augustus Caesar in 30 BC.
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List of poisonings
This is a list of poisonings, both deliberate and accidental, in chronological order by the date of death of the victim(s).
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List of state leaders in the 4th century BC
;State leaders in the 5th century BC – State leaders in the 3rd century BC – State leaders by year This is a list of state leaders in the 4th century BC (400–301 BC).
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List of tombs and mausoleums
This is a list of tombs and mausoleums that are either notable in themselves, or contain the remains of a notable person/people.
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List of tombs of Iranian people
Category:Tombs in Iran Tombs Iranian Persian people.
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List of women who died in childbirth
This is a list of notable women, either famous themselves or closely associated with someone well known, who suffered maternal death as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO): Note that this wording includes abortion, miscarriage, stillbirth, and ectopic pregnancy.
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Little Zab
The Little Zab or Lower Zab (al-Zāb al-Asfal; or Zêyê Biçûk;, Zâb-e Kuchak;, Zāba Taḥtāya) originates in Iran and joins the Tigris just south of Al Zab in the Kurdistan region of Iraq.
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Macedonia (ancient kingdom)
Macedonia or Macedon (Μακεδονία, Makedonía) was an ancient kingdom on the periphery of Archaic and Classical Greece, and later the dominant state of Hellenistic Greece.
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Madates
Madates was the leader of the Uxii.
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Margiana
Margiana (Μαργιανή Margianḗ, Old Persian: Marguš, Middle Persian: Marv) is a historical region centred on the oasis of Merv and was a minor satrapy within the Achaemenid satrapy of Bactria, and a province within its successors, the Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian empires.
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Mazaces
Mazaces was the last Achaemenid satrap of ancient Egypt during the late reign of Darius III of the 31st Dynasty of Egypt.
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Mazaeus
Mazaeus (died 328 BC) was a assistant of emperor Darius III.
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Meanings of minor planet names: 1–1000
050 | 50 Virginia || – || Verginia, Roman legendary heroine.
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Media (region)
Media (Old Persian: Māda, Middle Persian: Mād) is a region of north-western Iran, best known for having been the political and cultural base of the Medes.
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Memnon of Rhodes
Memnon of Rhodes (Μέμνων ὁ Ῥόδιος, 380 – 333 BC) was a prominent Greek commander in the service of the Persian Achaemenid Empire.
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Memphis, Egypt
Memphis (مَنْف; ⲙⲉⲙϥⲓ; Μέμφις) was the ancient capital of Aneb-Hetch, the first nome of Lower Egypt.
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Mercenary
A mercenary is an individual who is hired to take part in an armed conflict but is not part of a regular army or other governmental military force.
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Middle Eastern empires
Middle Eastern empires have existed in the Middle East at various periods between 5000 BCE and 1924 CE; they have been instrumental in the spreading of ideas, technology and religions within Middle Eastern territories and to outlying territories.
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Military art
The genre of military art is art with a military subject matter, regardless of its style or medium.
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Military history
Military history is a humanities discipline within the scope of general historical recording of armed conflict in the history of humanity, and its impact on the societies, their cultures, economies and changing local and international relationships.
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Military history of Iraq
The military history of Iraq, due to a rich archaeological record, is one of the longest in written human history.
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Military history of Ray, Iran
This article concerns the city of Ray, Iran (near Shahr-e-Rey) as a military objective, not the large territory of which it was once capital ("Ragau" in the Apocryphal Book of Judith).
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Mithrenes
Mithrenes (Mιθρένης or Mιθρίνης) was a Persian commander of the force that garrisoned the citadel of Sardis.
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Mithridates (Persian general)
Mithridates or Mithradates (Μιθριδάτης or Μιθραδάτης) was a Persian noble.
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Mithrobuzanes
Mithrobuzanes (Μιθροβουζάνης; d. 334 BC) was a Persian governor (satrap) of Cappadocia in the 4th century BC, during the reign of Darius III.
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Music of Iran
The music of Iran encompasses music that is produced by Iranian artists.
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Myriandrus
Myriandrus (or Myriandros) (Μυρίανδρος), was an ancient Phoenician town and seaport located near the modern city of İskenderun, Turkey.
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Naqsh-e Rustam
Naqsh-e Rustam (نقش رستم) is an ancient necropolis located about 12 km northwest of Persepolis, in Fars Province, Iran, with a group of ancient Iranian rock reliefs cut into the cliff, from both the Achaemenid and Sassanid periods.
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Natanz
Natanz (نطنز, also romanized as Naţanz) is a city and capital of Natanz County, Isfahan Province, Iran.
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National Museum of Beirut
The National Museum of Beirut (متحف بيروت الوطنيّ, Matḥaf Bayrūt al-waṭanī) is the principal museum of archaeology in Lebanon.
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Nicanor (son of Parmenion)
Nicanor (Nικάνωρ Nikā́nōr; died 330 BC), son of Parmenion, was a distinguished officer in the service of Alexander the Great.
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Ochus
Ochus may refer to.
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October 1
No description.
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Opis
Opis (Akkadian Upî or Upija; Ὦπις) was an ancient Babylonian city near the Tigris, not far from modern Baghdad.
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Orontes I
Yervand I (classical Armenian: Երուանդ Ա, Yervand I) Armenian was a King of the Orontid Dynasty who reigned during the period between 401 BC – 344 BC.
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Orontes II
Orontes II (Armenian: Երուանդ Բ, Yervand II) was a Persian noble living in the 4th century BC.
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Orontid Dynasty
The Orontid dynasty, also known by their native name Eruandid or Yervanduni (Երվանդունի), was a hereditary Armenian dynasty and the rulers of the successor state to the Iron Age kingdom of Urartu (Ararat).
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Orontobates
Orontobates (in Greek Ὀρoντoβάτης. Old Persian Aurandabad, lived 4th century BC) was a Persian, who married the daughter of Pixodarus, the usurping satrap of Caria, and was sent by the king of Persia to succeed him.
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Ostanes (son of Darius II)
In Greek sources,.
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Oxyathres of Heraclea
Oxyathres (in Greek Oξυαθρης; died 284 BC) was a son of Dionysius, tyrant of Heraclea and of Amastris, the daughter of the brother of Darius III Codomannus, also called Oxyathres.
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Oxyathres of Persia
Oxyathres (in Greek Oξυαθρης; in Old Persian Vaxšuvarda; lived 4th century BC) was a brother of the Persian king Darius III Codomannus.
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Pamphylia
Pamphylia (Παμφυλία, Pamphylía, modern pronunciation Pamfylía) was a former region in the south of Asia Minor, between Lycia and Cilicia, extending from the Mediterranean to Mount Taurus (modern-day Antalya province, Turkey).
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Parysatis II
Parysatis, the youngest daughter of Artaxerxes III of Persia, married Alexander the Great in 324 BC at the Susa weddings.
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Payas River
The Payas River, in southern Anatolia near today's Turkey—Syria border, is believed to be the Pinarus River of antiquity, where Alexander the Great defeated Darius III of Persia in the First Battle of Issus, and the likely site of the second and third battles of the same name.
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Peritas
Peritas (Περίτας) was Alexander the Great's favorite dog, who accompanied him during his military exploits.
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Persepolis
Persepolis (𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿) was the ceremonial capital of the Achaemenid Empire.
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Persian art
Persian art or Iranian art has one of the richest art heritages in world history and has been strong in many media including architecture, painting, weaving, pottery, calligraphy, metalworking and sculpture.
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Persian war elephants
War elephants were used in Iranian military history, most notably in Achaemenid, Seleucid and Sasanian periods.
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Pharnabazus III
Pharnabazus III (in Greek Φαρνάβαζος; c. 370 BC - after 320 BC) was a Persian satrap who fought against Alexander the Great.
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Pharnaces (Persian noble)
Pharnaces (died 334 BC, Φαρνάκης) was a Persian noble of the 4th century BC apparently belonging to the Pontic-Cappadocian nobility.
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Pharnavaz I of Iberia
Pharnavaz I (ფარნავაზ I) was a king of Kartli, an ancient Georgian kingdom known as Iberia in the Classical antiquity.
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Pherendates II
Pherendates II was an Achaemenid satrap of ancient Egypt during the 4th century BCE, at the time of the 31st Dynasty of Egypt.
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Philip of Acarnania
Philip of Acarnania was friend and physician of Alexander the Great, of whom a well-known story is told by several ancient authors.
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Phobos (mythology)
Phobos (Φόβος,, meaning "fear") is the personification of fear in Greek mythology.
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Phocion
Phocion (Φωκίων Phokion; c. 402 – c. 318 BC; nicknamed The Good) was an Athenian statesman and strategos, and the subject of one of Plutarch's Parallel Lives.
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Phrataphernes
Phrataphernes (in Greek Φραταφέρνης; lived 4th century BC) was a Persian who held the government of Parthia and Hyrcania, under the king Darius III Codomannus, and joined that monarch with the contingents from the provinces subject to his rule, shortly before the battle of Gaugamela in 331 BC.
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Pinarus River
The Pinarus River is a small stream in southern Anatolia near today's Turkey—Syria border.
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Platanus
Platanus is a genus consisting of a small number of tree species native to the Northern Hemisphere.
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Praneet Bhat
Praneet Bhat is an Indian television actor best known for his role as Shakuni in epic TV series Mahabharat (2013–2014).
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Ptolemy (son of Seleucus)
Ptolemy (Πτολεμαῖος); died 333 BC) son of Seleucus from Orestis or Tymphaia, was one of the select officers called Somatophylaces, or guards of the king's person; he combined with that distinguished post the command of one of the divisions of the phalanx. Ptolemy was from an upper noble family. He was lately married when he accompanied Alexander on his expedition to Asia, 334 BC, on which account he was selected by the king to command the body of Macedonians, who were allowed to return home for the winter at the end of the first campaign. In the following spring he rejoined Alexander at Gordium, with the troops under his command, accompanied by fresh reinforcements. At the Battle of Issus (333 BC) his division of the phalanx was one of those opposed to the Greek mercenaries under Darius III, and upon which the real brunt of the action consequently devolved; and he himself fell in the conflict, after displaying the utmost valour.
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Raz Degan
Raz Degan is an actor, director, and cinematographer, born in a Kibbutz of Sde Nehemia in Israel to Ilan and Adina Degan; he has two brothers who also live and work abroad.
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Reign: The Conqueror
, also known as Alexander Senki and released in North America as Reign: The Conqueror, is a Korean-Japanese anime first released in 1999.
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Rheomithres
Rheomithres (Ῥεομίθρης) was a Persian noble.
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Rock relief
A rock relief or rock-cut relief is a relief sculpture carved on solid or "living rock" such as a cliff, rather than a detached piece of stone.
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Roksan Audio
Roksan is a British manufacturer of high fidelity audio products for domestic use, based in Rayleigh, Essex.
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Roman d'Alexandre
The Roman d'Alexandre, from the Old French Li romans d'Alixandre (English: "Romance of Alexander"), is a 16,000-verseHasenohr, 1306.
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Roman d'Alexandre en prose
The Roman d'Alexandre en prose (Prose Alexander-Romance) is one of many medieval "Alexander romances" relating the adventures of Alexander the Great, which were by then greatly elaborated with fantastical additions to the historical accounts.
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Roman mosaic
A Roman mosaic is a mosaic made during the Roman period, throughout the Roman Republic and later Empire.
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Rome: Total War: Alexander
Rome: Total War: Alexander is the second expansion for Rome: Total War.
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Roxana
Roxana (Ῥωξάνη; Old Iranian Raoxshna; sometimes Roxanne, Roxanna, Rukhsana, Roxandra and Roxane) was a SogdianChristopoulos, Lucas (August 2012), "Hellenes and Romans in Ancient China (240 BC – 1398 AD)," in Victor H. Mair (ed), Sino-Platonic Papers, No.
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Sabaces
Sabaces (name variants: Sauaces; Sataces; Diodorus Siculus calls him Tasiaces; died in 333 BC) was a satrap of Egypt during the reign of king Darius III of Persia.
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Safwa City
Safwa (صفوى) is a city in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia situated on the Persian Gulf coast.
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Sanballat the Horonite
Sanballat the Horonite (סנבלט) — or Sanballat I (סנבלט לי) — was a Samaritan leader and official of the Achaemenid Empire of Greater Iran who lived in the mid to late 5th century BC and was a contemporary of Nehemiah.
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Sasanian Empire
The Sasanian Empire, also known as the Sassanian, Sasanid, Sassanid or Neo-Persian Empire (known to its inhabitants as Ērānshahr in Middle Persian), was the last period of the Persian Empire (Iran) before the rise of Islam, named after the House of Sasan, which ruled from 224 to 651 AD. The Sasanian Empire, which succeeded the Parthian Empire, was recognised as one of the leading world powers alongside its neighbouring arch-rival the Roman-Byzantine Empire, for a period of more than 400 years.Norman A. Stillman The Jews of Arab Lands pp 22 Jewish Publication Society, 1979 International Congress of Byzantine Studies Proceedings of the 21st International Congress of Byzantine Studies, London, 21–26 August 2006, Volumes 1-3 pp 29. Ashgate Pub Co, 30 sep. 2006 The Sasanian Empire was founded by Ardashir I, after the fall of the Parthian Empire and the defeat of the last Arsacid king, Artabanus V. At its greatest extent, the Sasanian Empire encompassed all of today's Iran, Iraq, Eastern Arabia (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatif, Qatar, UAE), the Levant (Syria, Palestine, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan), the Caucasus (Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Dagestan), Egypt, large parts of Turkey, much of Central Asia (Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan), Yemen and Pakistan. According to a legend, the vexilloid of the Sasanian Empire was the Derafsh Kaviani.Khaleghi-Motlagh, The Sasanian Empire during Late Antiquity is considered to have been one of Iran's most important and influential historical periods and constituted the last great Iranian empire before the Muslim conquest and the adoption of Islam. In many ways, the Sasanian period witnessed the peak of ancient Iranian civilisation. The Sasanians' cultural influence extended far beyond the empire's territorial borders, reaching as far as Western Europe, Africa, China and India. It played a prominent role in the formation of both European and Asian medieval art. Much of what later became known as Islamic culture in art, architecture, music and other subject matter was transferred from the Sasanians throughout the Muslim world.
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Satibarzanes
Satibarzanes (in Σατιβαρζάνης; died 330 BC), a Persian, was satrap of Aria under Darius III, king of Persia.
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Seleucid Empire
The Seleucid Empire (Βασιλεία τῶν Σελευκιδῶν, Basileía tōn Seleukidōn) was a Hellenistic state ruled by the Seleucid dynasty, which existed from 312 BC to 63 BC; Seleucus I Nicator founded it following the division of the Macedonian empire vastly expanded by Alexander the Great.
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Seleucus I Nicator
Seleucus I Nicator (Σέλευκος Α΄ Νικάτωρ Séleukos Α΄ Nikátōr; "Seleucus the Victor") was one of the Diadochi.
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Sematawytefnakht
Sematawytefnakht, pp.
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Semnan Province
Semnan Province (استان سمنان, Ostān-e Semnān) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran.
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Siege of Gaza
The Siege of Gaza was an incident in the Egyptian campaign of Alexander the Great in 332 BC.
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Siege of Halicarnassus
The Siege of Halicarnassus was fought between Alexander the Great and the Achaemenid Persian Empire in 334 BC.
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Simon Gribelin
Simon Gribelin (1661-1733) was a French line engraver.
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Sisygambis
Sisygambis (died 323 BC) was the mother of Darius III of Persia, whose reign was ended during the wars of Alexander the Great.
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Sogdia
Sogdia or Sogdiana was an ancient Iranian civilization that at different times included territory located in present-day Tajikistan and Uzbekistan such as: Samarkand, Bukhara, Khujand, Panjikent and Shahrisabz.
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Spithridates
Spithridates (Σπιθριδάτης; lived 4th century BC) was a Persian satrap of Lydia and Ionia under the high king Darius III Codomannus.
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Stateira I
Stateira I (died circa 332 BC) was the wife of Darius III of Persia of the Achaemenid dynasty.
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Stowe House
Stowe House is a grade I listed country house in Stowe, Buckinghamshire, England.
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Susa weddings
The Susa weddings was a mass wedding arranged by Alexander of Macedon in 324 BC in the Persian city of Susa.
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The Anabasis of Alexander
The Anabasis of Alexander (Ἀλεξάνδρου Ἀνάβασις, Alexándrou Anábasis; Anabasis Alexandri) was composed by Arrian of Nicomedia in the second century AD, most probably during the reign of Hadrian.
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The Battle of Alexander at Issus
The Battle of Alexander at Issus (German: Alexanderschlacht) is a 1529 oil painting by the German artist Albrecht Altdorfer (c. 1480–1538), a pioneer of landscape art and a founding member of the Danube school.
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The Continence of Scipio
The Continence of Scipio, or The Clemency of Scipio, is an episode recounted by Livy of the Roman general Scipio Africanus during his campaign in Spain during the Second Punic War.
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The Ends of the Earth (novel)
The Ends of the Earth (original title: Il confine del Mondo) is the third and last part of Valerio Massimo Manfredi's trilogy on Alexander the Great.
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The Family of Darius before Alexander
The Family of Darius before Alexander is a 1565–1570 oil on canvas painting by Paolo Veronese.
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The Metal Monster
The Metal Monster is a Fantasy novel by American writer Abraham Merritt.
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The Persian Boy
The Persian Boy is a 1972 historical novel written by Mary Renault and narrated by Bagoas, a young Persian from an aristocratic family who is captured by his father's enemies, castrated, and sold as a slave to the king Darius III, who makes him his favorite.
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The Prince
The Prince (Il Principe) is a 16th-century political treatise by the Italian diplomat and political theorist Niccolò Machiavelli.
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The Sands of Ammon
The Sands of Ammon (original title: Le Sabbie di Amon) is the second part of Valerio Massimo Manfredi's Alexander trilogy, following on from Child of a Dream.
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The Suicide of Saul
The Suicide of Saul is an oil-on-panel by the Netherlandish Renaissance artist Pieter Bruegel the Elder, painted in 1562.
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Thirty-first Dynasty of Egypt
The Thirty-first Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XXXI, alternatively 31st Dynasty or Dynasty 31), also known as the Second Egyptian Satrapy, was effectively a short-lived province (satrapy) of the Achaemenid Persian Empire between 343 BC to 332 BC.
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Timeline of ancient Greece
This is a timeline of Ancient Greece from its emergence around 800 BC to its subjection to the Roman Empire in 146 BC.
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Timeline of ancient history
This timeline of ancient history lists historical events of the documented ancient past from the beginning of recorded history until the Early Middle Ages.
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Timeline of Armenian history
This is a timeline of Armenian history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Armenia and its predecessor states.
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Timeline of Indian history
This is a timeline of Indian history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in India and its predecessor states.
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Timeline of Jerusalem
This is a timeline of major events in the History of Jerusalem; a city that had been fought over sixteen times in its history.
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Timeline of LGBT history
The following is a timeline of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) history.
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Tomb of Darius I
The tomb of Darius I (Darius the Great) is one of the four tombs of Achaemenid kings at the historical site of Naqsh-e Rustam located about 12 km northwest of Persepolis, Iran.
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Uxii
The Uxii were a tribal confederation of non-Iranian semi-nomadic people who lived somewhere in the Zagros Mountains.
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Vahe
Vahe Haykazuni (Վահե Հայկազունի; 351 BC – 331 BC), also known simply as Vahe, was a legendary king of Armenia.
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Vistahm
Bistam or Vistahm (also transliterated Wistaxm, بیستام), was a Parthian dynast of the Ispahbudhan house, and maternal uncle of the Sasanian shah of Persia, Khosrow II (reigned 591–628).
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Wars of Alexander the Great
The wars of Alexander the Great were fought by King Alexander III of Macedon ("The Great"), first against the Achaemenid Persian Empire under Darius III, and then against local chieftains and warlords as far east as Punjab, India.
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Women in ancient warfare
The role of women in ancient warfare differed from culture to culture.
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Zile
Zile, anciently known as Zela (Ζῆλα) (still as Latin Catholic titular see), is a city and a district of Tokat Province, Turkey.
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Zoroastrianism in Azerbaijan
Zoroastrianism in Azerbaijan goes back to the first millennium BC or earlier and was the predominant religion of Greater Iran before the conversion to Islam.
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324 BC
Year 324 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.
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330 BC
Year 330 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.
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331 BC
Year 331 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.
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332 BC
Year 332 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.
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333 BC
Year 333 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.
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334 BC
Year 334 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.
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336 BC
Year 336 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.
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380 BC
Year 380 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.
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4th century BC
The 4th century BC started the first day of 400 BC and ended the last day of 301 BC.
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Redirects here:
Artashata, Codmannus, Codomannus, Darayavahush III, Darayavahush Iii, Darius 3, Darius III Codomannus, Darius III of Persia, Darius Iii, Darius iii of persia, Darius the Third, Dariush III.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darius_III
