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Dither

Index Dither

Dither is an intentionally applied form of noise used to randomize quantization error, preventing large-scale patterns such as color banding in images. [1]

123 relations: Analog-to-digital converter, ANSI art, Atomic force microscopy, Audio bit depth, Audio mastering, Audio system measurements, Ben-Day dots, Binary image, CMYK color model, Color depth, Color image, Color quantization, Colors of noise, Colour banding, Comparison of analog and digital recording, Composite artifact colors, Coupland Digital Music Synthesizer, DBFS, Deus Ex (video game), Digital recording, Direct Stream Digital, Display resolution, Dither (disambiguation), Dots per inch, Dye-sublimation printer, Dynamic range, Earth mover's distance, Error diffusion, Extended Resolution Compact Disc, Floyd–Steinberg dithering, Foobar2000, Frame rate control, Friction, Frog Skin, FullPaint, Generation loss, GIF, GIMP version history, Guess value, Halftone, Hearing, Hercules Graphics Card, High Definition Compatible Digital, High-resolution audio, Hilbert curve, Hitachi DX07, Hubble Ultra-Deep Field, Image compression, Image file formats, Image noise, ..., Indexed color, Iris recognition, IZotope, Jack Cole (scientist), Jitter, Lenna, List of albums containing a hidden track: M, List of algorithms, List of computer graphics and descriptive geometry topics, List of home computers by video hardware, List of monochrome and RGB palettes, List of music software, List of noise topics, List of software palettes, List of video game console palettes, Lloyd's algorithm, Luca Gammaitoni, M84 camouflage pattern, Magic User Interface, Method of averaging, Michael Gerzon, Microsoft Paint, Microsoft Space Simulator, Nintendo GameCube technical specifications, Noise (electronics), Noise reduction, Noise shaping, Numerically controlled oscillator, Ordered dithering, Oversampling, Palette (computing), PCX, Pixel art, Pixel artist, Polytope model, POW-R, Quantization (image processing), Quantization (signal processing), QuickDraw, QuickTime, Raster graphics, RenderMan Interface Specification, Ring laser gyroscope, Rounding, Rusty (video game), Sagnac effect, Security paper, Semigraphics, Signal-to-noise ratio, Stippling, Stochastic resonance, Stochastic Resonance (book), Super Audio CD, Syndicate (video game), Tape bias, Thermal-transfer printing, Thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display, Triangular distribution, Unreal (1998 video game), Vibrational analysis with scanning probe microscopy, Video post-processing, Video scaler, Videomation, Wallpaper (computing), Web colors, Weighting filter, ZX Spectrum character set, ZX Spectrum graphic modes, ZX80 character set, ZX81 character set, 3D Monster Maze, 576i, 8-bit color. Expand index (73 more) »

Analog-to-digital converter

In electronics, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC, A/D, or A-to-D) is a system that converts an analog signal, such as a sound picked up by a microphone or light entering a digital camera, into a digital signal.

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ANSI art

ANSI art is a computer art form that was widely used at one time on BBSes.

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Atomic force microscopy

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) or scanning force microscopy (SFM) is a very-high-resolution type of scanning probe microscopy (SPM), with demonstrated resolution on the order of fractions of a nanometer, more than 1000 times better than the optical diffraction limit.

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Audio bit depth

In digital audio using pulse-code modulation (PCM), bit depth is the number of bits of information in each sample, and it directly corresponds to the resolution of each sample.

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Audio mastering

Mastering, a form of audio post production, is the process of preparing and transferring recorded audio from a source containing the final mix to a data storage device (the master); the source from which all copies will be produced (via methods such as pressing, duplication or replication).

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Audio system measurements

Audio system measurements are made for several purposes.

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Ben-Day dots

The Ben-Day dots printing process, named after illustrator and printer Benjamin Henry Day, Jr., (son of 19th Century publisher Benjamin Henry Day) is a technique dating from 1879.

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Binary image

A binary image is a digital image that has only two possible values for each pixel.

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CMYK color model

The CMYK color model (process color, four color) is a subtractive color model, used in color printing, and is also used to describe the printing process itself.

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Color depth

Color depth or colour depth (see spelling differences), also known as bit depth, is either the number of bits used to indicate the color of a single pixel, in a bitmapped image or video frame buffer, or the number of bits used for each color component of a single pixel.

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Color image

A (digital) color image is a digital image that includes color information for each pixel.

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Color quantization

In computer graphics, color quantization or color image quantization is a process that reduces the number of distinct colors used in an image, usually with the intention that the new image should be as visually similar as possible to the original image.

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Colors of noise

In audio engineering, electronics, physics, and many other fields, the color of noise refers to the power spectrum of a noise signal (a signal produced by a stochastic process).

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Colour banding

Colour banding, or Color banding (American English) is a problem of inaccurate colour presentation in computer graphics.

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Comparison of analog and digital recording

Sound can be recorded and stored and played using either digital or analog techniques.

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Composite artifact colors

Composite artifact colors is a designation commonly used to address several graphic modes of some 1970s and 1980s home computers.

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Coupland Digital Music Synthesizer

The Coupland Digital Music Synthesizer is a 16-voice polyphonic real-time instrument with a full 88 key keyboard, developed in the 1970s but never released commercially.

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DBFS

Decibels relative to full scale (dBFS) is a unit of measurement for amplitude levels in digital systems, such as pulse-code modulation (PCM), which have a defined maximum peak level.

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Deus Ex (video game)

Deus Ex is a 2000 action role-playing video game developed by Ion Storm and published by Eidos Interactive.

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Digital recording

In digital recording, audio signals picked up by a microphone or other transducer or video signals picked up by a camera or similar device are converted into a stream of discrete numbers, representing the changes over time in air pressure for audio, and chroma and luminance values for video, then recorded to a storage device.

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Direct Stream Digital

DSD Records (DSD) is a trademark used by Sony and Philips for their system of digitally recreating audible signals for the Super Audio CD (SACD).

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Display resolution

The display resolution or display modes of a digital television, computer monitor or display device is the number of distinct pixels in each dimension that can be displayed.

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Dither (disambiguation)

Dither is a process used in digital signal processing.

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Dots per inch

Dots per inch (DPI, or dpi) is a measure of spatial printing or video or image scanner dot density, in particular the number of individual dots that can be placed in a line within the span of 1 inch (2.54 cm).

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Dye-sublimation printer

A dye-sublimation printer is a computer printer which uses heat to transfer dye onto materials such as a plastic, card, paper, or fabric.

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Dynamic range

Dynamic range, abbreviated DR, DNR, or DYR is the ratio between the largest and smallest values that a certain quantity can assume.

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Earth mover's distance

In statistics, the earth mover's distance (EMD) is a measure of the distance between two probability distributions over a region D.

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Error diffusion

Error diffusion is a type of halftoning in which the quantization residual is distributed to neighboring pixels that have not yet been processed.

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Extended Resolution Compact Disc

eXtended Resolution Compact Disc (XRCD) is a mastering and manufacture process patented by JVC (Victor Company of Japan, Ltd) for producing redbook Compact Discs.

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Floyd–Steinberg dithering

Floyd–Steinberg dithering is an image dithering algorithm first published in 1976 by Robert W. Floyd and Louis Steinberg.

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Foobar2000

foobar2000 is a freeware audio player for Microsoft Windows, iOS and Android developed by Peter Pawłowski.

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Frame rate control

Frame rate control (FRC) is a method for achieving higher color quality in low color resolution display panels such as TN+film LCD.

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Friction

Friction is the force resisting the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, and material elements sliding against each other.

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Frog Skin

Frog Skin is a battledress camouflage pattern with mottle and disruptive coloration to blend into the environment similar to a frog's crypsis skin.

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FullPaint

FullPaint was a software program for the Apple Macintosh for graphics creation.

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Generation loss

Generation loss is the loss of quality between subsequent copies or transcodes of data.

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GIF

The Graphics Interchange Format, better known by its acronym GIF, is a bitmap image format that was developed by a team at the bulletin board service (BBS) provider CompuServe led by American computer scientist Steve Wilhite on June 15, 1987.

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GIMP version history

GIMP originally stood for General Image Manipulation Program.

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Guess value

In mathematical modeling, a guess value is more commonly called a starting value or initial value.

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Halftone

Halftone is the reprographic technique that simulates continuous tone imagery through the use of dots, varying either in size or in spacing, thus generating a gradient-like effect.

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Hearing

Hearing, or auditory perception, is the ability to perceive sounds by detecting vibrations, changes in the pressure of the surrounding medium through time, through an organ such as the ear.

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Hercules Graphics Card

The Hercules Graphics Card (HGC) is a computer graphics controller made by Hercules Computer Technology, Inc. that combines IBM's text-only MDA display standard with a bitmapped graphics mode.

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High Definition Compatible Digital

High Definition Compatible Digital, or HDCD is a Microsoft proprietary audio encode-decode process that claims to provide increased dynamic range over that of standard Redbook audio CDs, while retaining backward compatibility with existing Compact disc players.

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High-resolution audio

High-resolution audio, also known as High-definition audio or HD audio, is a marketing term used by some recorded-music retailers and high-fidelity sound reproduction equipment vendors.

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Hilbert curve

A Hilbert curve (also known as a Hilbert space-filling curve) is a continuous fractal space-filling curve first described by the German mathematician David Hilbert in 1891, as a variant of the space-filling Peano curves discovered by Giuseppe Peano in 1890.

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Hitachi DX07

The Hitachi DX07 is a 2.9 inch (73 mm) liquid crystal display screen which went into mass production in December 2006.

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Hubble Ultra-Deep Field

The Hubble Ultra-Deep Field (HUDF) is an image of a small region of space in the constellation Fornax, containing an estimated 10,000 galaxies.

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Image compression

Image compression is a type of data compression applied to digital images, to reduce their cost for storage or transmission.

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Image file formats

Image file formats are standardized means of organizing and storing digital images.

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Image noise

Image noise is random variation of brightness or color information in images, and is usually an aspect of electronic noise.

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Indexed color

In computing, indexed color is a technique to manage digital images' colors in a limited fashion, in order to save computer memory and file storage, while speeding up display refresh and file transfers.

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Iris recognition

Iris recognition is an automated method of biometric identification that uses mathematical pattern-recognition techniques on video images of one or both of the irises of an individual's eyes, whose complex patterns are unique, stable, and can be seen from some distance.

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IZotope

iZotope, Inc. is an audio technology company based in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.

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Jack Cole (scientist)

Alfred Jack Cole (1925 – May 30, 1997) was a professor at the School of Computer Science, University of St. Andrews in Scotland.

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Jitter

In electronics and telecommunications, jitter is the deviation from true periodicity of a presumably periodic signal, often in relation to a reference clock signal.

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Lenna

Lenna or Lena is the name given to a standard test image widely used in the field of image processing since 1973.

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List of albums containing a hidden track: M

This list contains the names of albums that contain a hidden track and also information on how to find them.

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List of algorithms

The following is a list of algorithms along with one-line descriptions for each.

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List of computer graphics and descriptive geometry topics

This is a list of computer graphics and descriptive geometry topics, by article name.

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List of home computers by video hardware

This is a list of home computers, sorted alphanumerically, which lists all relevant details of their video hardware.

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List of monochrome and RGB palettes

This list of monochrome and RGB palettes includes generic repertoires of colors (color palettes) to produce black-and-white and RGB color pictures by a computer's display hardware, not necessarily the total number of such colors that can be simultaneously displayed in a given text or graphic mode of any machine.

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List of music software

This is a list of notable software for creating, performing, learning, analyzing, researching, broadcasting and editing music.

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List of noise topics

This is a list of noise topics.

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List of software palettes

Computer systems that use a 4-bit or 8-bit pixel depth can display up to 16 or 256 colors simultaneously.

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List of video game console palettes

This is a list of the full color palettes for notable video game console hardware.

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Lloyd's algorithm

In computer science and electrical engineering, Lloyd's algorithm, also known as Voronoi iteration or relaxation, is an algorithm named after Stuart P. Lloyd for finding evenly spaced sets of points in subsets of Euclidean spaces and partitions of these subsets into well-shaped and uniformly sized convex cells.

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Luca Gammaitoni

Luca Gammaitoni (Perugia, June 16, 1961) is a scientist in the area of noise and nonlinear dynamics.

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M84 camouflage pattern

The M/84 camouflage pattern (M/84 Pletsløring), is the former camouflage pattern of the Danish military.

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Magic User Interface

The Magic User Interface (MUI in short) is an object-oriented system by Stefan Stuntz to generate and maintain graphical user interfaces.

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Method of averaging

In the study of dynamical systems, the method of averaging is used to study certain time-varying systems by analyzing easier, time-invariant systems obtained by averaging the original system.

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Michael Gerzon

Michael Anthony Gerzon (4 December 1945 – 6 May 1996) is probably best known for his work on Ambisonics and for his work on digital audio.

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Microsoft Paint

Paint (formerly Paintbrush), commonly known as Microsoft Paint or MS Paint, was a simple raster graphics editor that has been included with all versions of Microsoft Windows.

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Microsoft Space Simulator

Microsoft Space Simulator is a space flight simulator program, based on Microsoft Flight Simulator for MS-DOS.

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Nintendo GameCube technical specifications

Nintendo originally offered a digital video output on early GameCube models.

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Noise (electronics)

In electronics, noise is an unwanted disturbance in an electrical signal.

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Noise reduction

Noise reduction is the process of removing noise from a signal.

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Noise shaping

Noise shaping is a technique typically used in digital audio, image, and video processing, usually in combination with dithering, as part of the process of quantization or bit-depth reduction of a digital signal.

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Numerically controlled oscillator

A numerically controlled oscillator (NCO) is a digital signal generator which creates a synchronous (i.e. clocked), discrete-time, discrete-valued representation of a waveform, usually sinusoidal.

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Ordered dithering

Ordered dithering is an image dithering algorithm.

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Oversampling

In signal processing, oversampling is the process of sampling a signal with a sampling frequency significantly higher than the Nyquist rate.

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Palette (computing)

In computer graphics, a palette is a finite set of colors.

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PCX

PCX, standing for PiCture eXchange, is an image file format developed by the now-defunct ZSoft Corporation of Marietta, Georgia, United States.

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Pixel art

Pixel art is a form of digital art, created through the use of software, where images are edited on the pixel level.

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Pixel artist

A pixel artist is a graphic designer who specializes in computer art and can refer to a number of artistic and professional disciplines which focus on visual communication and presentation.

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Polytope model

The polyhedral model (also called the polytope method) is a mathematical framework for programs that perform large numbers of operations -- too large to be explicitly enumerated -- thereby requiring a compact representation.

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POW-R

POW-R (Psychoacoustically Optimized Wordlength Reduction) is a set of commercial dithering and noise shaping algorithms used in digital audio bit-depth reduction.

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Quantization (image processing)

Quantization, involved in image processing, is a lossy compression technique achieved by compressing a range of values to a single quantum value.

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Quantization (signal processing)

Quantization, in mathematics and digital signal processing, is the process of mapping input values from a large set (often a continuous set) to output values in a (countable) smaller set.

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QuickDraw

QuickDraw is the 2D graphics library and associated Application Programming Interface (API) which is a core part of the classic Mac OS operating system.

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QuickTime

QuickTime is an extensible multimedia framework developed by Apple Inc., capable of handling various formats of digital video, picture, sound, panoramic images, and interactivity.

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Raster graphics

In computer graphics, a raster graphics or bitmap image is a dot matrix data structure that represents a generally rectangular grid of pixels (points of color), viewable via a monitor, paper, or other display medium.

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RenderMan Interface Specification

The RenderMan Interface Specification, or RISpec in short, is an open API developed by Pixar Animation Studios to describe three-dimensional scenes and turn them into digital photorealistic images.

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Ring laser gyroscope

A ring laser gyroscope (RLG) consists of a ring laser having two independent counter-propagating resonant modes over the same path; the difference in the frequencies is used to detect rotation.

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Rounding

Rounding a numerical value means replacing it by another value that is approximately equal but has a shorter, simpler, or more explicit representation; for example, replacing $ with $, or the fraction 312/937 with 1/3, or the expression with.

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Rusty (video game)

Rusty is an action video game developed and published by C-Lab in Japan in July 1993 for PC-98, Epson PC, and MS-DOS, with direction, writing and programming by Naoto Niida, production by Masayoshi Koyama, and music by Masahiro Kajihara, Kenichi Arakawa, and Ryu Takami.

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Sagnac effect

The Sagnac effect, also called Sagnac interference, named after French physicist Georges Sagnac, is a phenomenon encountered in interferometry that is elicited by rotation.

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Security paper

Security paper is a paper that incorporates features that can be used to identify or authenticate a document as original, e.g., watermarks or invisible fibres in paper, or features that demonstrate tamper evidence when fraud is attempted, e.g., to remove or alter print such as amounts or signatures on a cheque.

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Semigraphics

Text-based semigraphics or pseudographics is a primitive method used in early text mode video hardware to emulate raster graphics without having to implement the logic for such a display mode.

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Signal-to-noise ratio

Signal-to-noise ratio (abbreviated SNR or S/N) is a measure used in science and engineering that compares the level of a desired signal to the level of background noise.

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Stippling

Stippling is the creation of a pattern simulating varying degrees of solidity or shading by using small dots.

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Stochastic resonance

Stochastic resonance (SR) is a phenomenon where a signal that is normally too weak to be detected by a sensor, can be boosted by adding white noise to the signal, which contains a wide spectrum of frequencies.

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Stochastic Resonance (book)

Stochastic Resonance: From Suprathreshold Stochastic Resonance to Stochastic Signal Quantization, is a science text, with a foreword by Sergey M. Bezrukov and Bart Kosko, which notably explores the relationships between stochastic resonance, suprathreshold stochastic resonance, stochastic quantization, and computational neuroscience.

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Super Audio CD

Super Audio CD (SACD) is a read-only optical disc for audio storage, introduced in 1999.

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Syndicate (video game)

Syndicate is an isometric real-time tactical and strategic game from Bullfrog Productions created in.

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Tape bias

Tape bias is the term for two techniques, AC bias and DC bias, that improve the fidelity of analogue tape recorders.

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Thermal-transfer printing

Thermal-transfer printing is a digital printing method in which material is applied to paper (or some other material) by melting a coating of ribbon so that it stays glued to the material on which the print is applied.

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Thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display

A Thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display (TFT LCD) is a variant of a liquid-crystal display (LCD) that uses thin-film-transistor (TFT) technology to improve image qualities such as addressability and contrast.

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Triangular distribution

In probability theory and statistics, the triangular distribution is a continuous probability distribution with lower limit a, upper limit b and mode c, where a \left.\begin f(x) &.

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Unreal (1998 video game)

Unreal is a first-person shooter video game developed by Epic MegaGames, Digital Extremes, and Legend Entertainment and published by GT Interactive in May 1998.

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Vibrational analysis with scanning probe microscopy

The technique of vibrational analysis with scanning probe microscopy allows probing vibrational properties of materials at the submicrometer scale, and even of individual molecules.

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Video post-processing

The term post-processing (or postproc for short) is used in the video/film business for quality-improvement image processing (specifically digital image processing) methods used in video playback devices, (such as stand-alone DVD-Video players), and video players software and transcoding software.

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Video scaler

A video scaler is a system which converts video signals from one display resolution to another; typically, scalers are used to convert a signal from a lower resolution (such as 480p standard definition) to a higher resolution (such as 1080i high definition), a process known as "upconversion" or "upscaling" (by contrast, converting from high to low resolution is known as "downconversion" or "downscaling").

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Videomation

Videomation is a North America-exclusive art application for the Nintendo Entertainment System that was released in 1991.

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Wallpaper (computing)

A wallpaper or background (also known as a desktop wallpaper, desktop background, desktop picture or desktop image on computers) is a digital image (photo, drawing etc.) used as a decorative background of a graphical user interface on the screen of a computer, mobile communications device or other electronic device.

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Web colors

Web colors are colors used in displaying web pages, and the methods for describing and specifying those colors.

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Weighting filter

A weighting filter is used to emphasize or suppress some aspects of a phenomenon compared to others, for measurement or other purposes.

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ZX Spectrum character set

The ZX Spectrum character set is the variant of ASCII used in the British Sinclair ZX Spectrum family computers.

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ZX Spectrum graphic modes

The ZX Spectrum is generally considered to have limited graphical capabilities in comparison to some other home computers of the same era such as the Commodore 64, largely due to its lack of a dedicated graphics chip.

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ZX80 character set

The ZX80 character set is the character encoding used by the Sinclair Research ZX80 microcomputer with its original 4K BASIC ROM.

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ZX81 character set

The ZX81 character set is the character encoding used by the Sinclair Research ZX81 family of microcomputers including the Timex Sinclair 1000 and Timex Sinclair 1500.

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3D Monster Maze

3D Monster Maze is a computer game developed from an idea by J.K.Greye and programmed by Malcolm Evans in 1981 for the Sinclair ZX81 platform with the 16 KB memory expansion.

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576i

576i is a standard-definition video mode originally used for broadcast television in most countries of the world where the utility frequency for electric power distribution is 50 Hz.

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8-bit color

8-bit color graphics is a method of storing image information in a computer's memory or in an image file, such that each pixel is represented by one 8-bit byte.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dither

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