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Duchy of Bavaria

Index Duchy of Bavaria

The Duchy of Bavaria (German: Herzogtum Bayern) was, from the sixth through the eighth century, a frontier region in the southeastern part of the Merovingian kingdom. [1]

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Aš (Asch) is a town of Cheb District in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic.

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Abensberg

Abensberg is a town in the Lower Bavarian district of Kelheim, in Bavaria, Germany, lying around 30 km southwest of Regensburg, 40 km east of Ingolstadt, 50 northwest of Landshut and 100 km north of Munich.

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Adalbero, Duke of Carinthia

Adalbero of Eppenstein (– 29 November 1039) was Duke of Carinthia and Margrave of Verona from 1011 or 1012 until 1035.

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Adelaide of Vohburg

Adelaide of Vohburg (Adela or Adelheid; – 25 May after 1187) was Duchess of Swabia from 1147 and German queen from 1152 until 1153, as the first wife of the Hohenstaufen king Frederick Barbarossa, the later Holy Roman Emperor.

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Agilolfings

The Agilolfings were a noble family that ruled the Duchy of Bavaria on behalf of their Merovingian suzerains from about 550 until 788.

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Agnes of Poitou

Agnes of Poitou, also called Agnes of Aquitaine or Empress Agnes (– 14 December 1077), a member of the House of Poitiers, was German queen from 1043 and Holy Roman Empress from 1046 until 1056.

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Ahalolfings

The Ahalolfings or Alaholfings were a noble family of Alemannia in the Early Middle Ages.

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Ajtony

Ajtony, Ahtum or Achtum (Ajtony, Охтум, Ahtum, Ахтум) was an early-11th-century ruler in the territory now known as Banat in present Romania and Serbia.

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Alamannia

Alamannia or Alemannia was the territory inhabited by the Germanic Alemanni after they broke through the Roman limes in 213 CE.

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Albert II, Count of Tyrol

Albert II (Adalbert; died about 1125) was a progenitor of the Albertine House of Tyrol.

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Albert IV, Count of Tyrol

Albert IV (or Albert III, depending on the counting scheme; – 22 July 1253) was Count of Tyrol from 1202 until his death, the last from the original House of Tirol.

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Albert VI, Duke of Bavaria

Albert VI of Bavaria (Albrecht VI., der Leuchtenberger, Landgraf von Bayern-Leuchtenberg; 26 February 1584 – 5 July 1666) son of William V, Duke of Bavaria and Renata of Lorraine, born and died in Munich.

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Albertus Magnus

Albertus Magnus, O.P. (c. 1200 – November 15, 1280), also known as Saint Albert the Great and Albert of Cologne, was a German Catholic Dominican friar and bishop.

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Albrecht von Scharfenberg

Albrecht von Scharfenberg (fl. 1270s) was a Middle High German poet, best known as the author of Der jüngere Titurel ("The Younger Titurel") since his two other known works, Seifrid de Ardemont and Merlin, are lost.

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Alternative theories of the location of Great Moravia

Alternative theories of the location of Great Moravia propose that the core territory of "Great Moravia", a 9th-century Slavic polity, was not (or was only partly) located in the region of the northern Morava River (in present-day Czech Republic).

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Altiplano Cundiboyacense

The Altiplano Cundiboyacense is a high plateau located in the Eastern Cordillera of the Colombian Andes covering parts of the departments of Cundinamarca and Boyacá.

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Alto of Altomünster

Alto, O.S.B., (died ca. 760) was a Benedictine abbot active in the Duchy of Bavaria during the mid-8th century.

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Anif

Anif is a municipality of Salzburg-Umgebung District in the Austrian state of Salzburg.

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Annales guelferbytani

The Annales guelferbytani (AG, rarely "Guelferbytan Annals") are a set of Latin annals covering the years 741–805 (with added notices for 817 and 823) that were composed in Regensburg, the capital of the Duchy of Bavaria, in 812–13.

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Archbishopric of Bremen

The Archdiocese of Bremen (also Archdiocese of Hamburg-Bremen, Erzbistum Bremen, not to be confused with the modern Archdiocese of Hamburg, founded in 1994) is a historical Roman Catholic diocese (787–1566/1648) and formed from 1180 to 1648 an ecclesiastical state (continued under other names until 1823), named Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen (Erzstift Bremen) within the Holy Roman Empire.

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Archbishopric of Salzburg

The Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg (Fürsterzbistum Salzburg) was an ecclesiastical principality and state of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Archduchess Anna of Austria

Anna of Austria (7 July 1528 – 16 October 1590), a member of the Imperial House of Habsburg, was Duchess of Bavaria from 1550 until 1579, by her marriage with Duke Albert V.

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Archduchy of Austria

The Archduchy of Austria (Erzherzogtum Österreich) was a major principality of the Holy Roman Empire and the nucleus of the Habsburg Monarchy.

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Arco Castle

Arco Castle (Italian: Castello di Arco, German: Schloss Arch) is a ruined castle located on a prominent spur high above Arco and the Sarca Valley in Trentino, northern Italy.

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Aribonids

The Aribonids were a noble family of probably Bavarian origin who rose to preeminence in the Carolingian March of Pannonia and the later Margraviate of Austria (marcha orientalis) in the late ninth and early tenth centuries.

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Arn (bishop of Würzburg)

Saint Arn or Arno von Endsee (died 13 July 892) was the Bishop of Würzburg from 855 until his death.

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Arnschwang

Arnschwang is a municipality in the district of Cham in Bavaria in Germany.

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Arnulf of Carinthia

Arnulf of Carinthia (850 – December 8, 899) was the duke of Carinthia who overthrew his uncle, Emperor Charles the Fat, became the Carolingian king of East Francia from 887, the disputed King of Italy from 894 and the disputed Holy Roman Emperor from February 22, 896 until his death at Regensburg, Bavaria.

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Arnulf, Duke of Bavaria

Arnulf (birth unknown; died 14 July 937), also known as the Bad (der Schlimme) or the Evil (der Böse), a member of the Luitpolding dynasty, held the title of a Duke of Bavaria from about 907 until his death in 937.

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Aschach an der Donau

Aschach an der Donau is a municipality in the district Eferding in the Austrian state of Upper Austria.

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Auerbach, Upper Austria

Auerbach is a town in Upper Austria, Austria.

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Austrian walled towns

Walled towns in Austria started to appear in the 11th century.

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Austrians

Austrians (Österreicher) are a Germanic nation and ethnic group, native to modern Austria and South Tyrol that share a common Austrian culture, Austrian descent and Austrian history.

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Avar March

The Avar March (Avaria, Awarenmark) was a southeastern frontier district of the Carolingian Empire, established in the late 8th century by Charlemagne against the Eurasian Avars on the Danube River, in what is today Lower Austria.

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Český Krumlov

Český Krumlov (Krumau or Böhmisch Krumau), is a town in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic.

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Babenberg

Babenberg was a noble dynasty of Austrian margraves and dukes.

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Bad Gastein

Bad Gastein (formerly Badgastein) is a spa town in the district of St. Johann im Pongau, in the Austrian state of Salzburg.

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Bad Kleinkirchheim

Bad Kleinkirchheim is a municipality and spa town in the district of Spittal an der Drau, in Carinthia, Austria.

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Badia, South Tyrol

Badia (Abtei) is a comune (municipality) in South Tyrol, northern Italy.

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Balthasar Hubmaier

Balthasar Hubmaier, also Hubmair, Hubmayr, Hubmeier, Huebmör, Hubmör, Friedberger, Pacimontanus (c. 1480 in Friedberg, Duchy of Bavaria in the Holy Roman Empire 10 March, 1528 in Vienna, Archduchy of Austria in the Holy Roman Empire) was an influential German Anabaptist leader.

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Battle of Chlumec

The Battle of Chlumec was the culmination of a 12th-century war of succession in the Duchy of Bohemia.

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Battle of Flochberg

The Battle of Flochberg (8 February 1150) was a victory for the royal forces of Henry (VI) of Germany over the House of Welf, led by Welf VI and his son, Welf VII.

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Battle of Gammelsdorf

The Battle of Gammelsdorf (Schlacht von Gammelsdorf) circled around the question of who would execute tutelage over the minor children of the late Lower Bavarian Dukes, thus also commanding the tremendous economic power of that region.

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Battle of Hiltersried

The Battle of Hiltersried took place on 21 September 1433 near the village Hiltersried in Bavaria.

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Battle of Langensalza (1075)

The First Battle of Langensalza was fought on 9 June 1075 between forces of King Henry IV of Germany and several rebellious Saxon noblemen on the River Unstrut near Langensalza in Thuringia.

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Battle of Lechfeld (910)

The Battle of Lechfeld in 910, was an important victory by a Magyar army over Louis the Child's united Frankish Imperial Army.

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Battle of Lechfeld (955)

The Battle of Lechfeld (10 August 955) was a decisive victory for Otto I the Great, King of East Francia, over the Hungarian harka Bulcsú and the chieftains Lél (Lehel) and Súr.

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Battle of Leuthen

The Battle of Leuthen was fought on 5 December 1757, at which Frederick the Great's Prussian army used maneuver and terrain to decisively defeat a much larger Austrian force commanded by Prince Charles of Lorraine and Count Leopold Joseph von Daun.

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Battle of Maudach

The Battle of Maudach occurred on June 15th 1796, between the French Revolutionary Army and the Army of the First Coalition.

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Battle of Mohács

The Battle of Mohács (Mohácsi csata, Mohaç Meydan Muharebesi) was one of the most consequential battles in Central European history.

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Battle of Püchen

The Battle of Püchen was fought in the summer of 919, between a Hungarian raiding army and the newly elected East Francian/German king Henry the Fowler, and ended with a Hungarian victory.

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Battle of Pressburg

The Battle of Pressburg (Schlacht von Pressburg) or Battle of Pozsony (Pozsonyi csata), or Battle of Bratislava (Bitka pri Bratislave) was a three-day-long battle, fought between 4–6 July 907, during which the East Francian army, consisting mainly of Bavarian troops led by Margrave Luitpold, was annihilated by Hungarian forces.

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Battle of Rednitz

The Battle of Rednitz on 22 June 910, was a decisive victory of the Magyar cavalry over the East Francian - German kingdoms armies.

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Battle of Riade

The Battle of Riade or Battle of Merseburg was fought between the troops of East Francia under king Henry I and the Magyars at an unidentified location in northern Thuringia along the river Unstrut on 15 March 933.

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Battle of Tachov

The Battle of Tachov (Schlacht bei Tachau) or Battle of Mies (Schlacht bei Mies) was a battle fought on 4 August 1427 near the Bohemian towns of Tachov (Tachau) and Stříbro (Mies).

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Battle of the Fischa

The Battle of the Fischa or Battle of the Leitha took place on 11 September 1146 near the Fischa River at the border of the Kingdom of Hungary and the March of Austria, which belonged to the overlordship of the Dukes of Bavaria and it was ruled by margraves of the Franconian Babenberg dynasty.

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Battle of the Inn

The Battle of the Inn was fought in 913, when a Hungarian raiding army, at their return from plunder attacks against Bavaria, Swabia and Northern Burgundy, faced the combined army of Arnulf, Duke of Bavaria, counts Erchanger and Burchard of Swabia, and lord Udalrich, who defeat them at Aschbach by river Inn.

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Battle of Wels

The Battle of Wels (10/12Widukind of Corvey; Bernard S. Bachrach and David S. Bachrach (eds.), Deeds of the Saxons (Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 2014), p. 91. August 943) was fought between a joint Bavarian–Carantanian army and a Hungarian force near Wels in the Traungau, on the plain of the Welser Heide, nowadays a part of Austria.

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Battle on the Elster

Battle on the Elster (Schlacht bei Hohenmölsen) was the third and last battle between the Salian king Henry IV of Germany and anti-king Rudolf of Rheinfelden, fought on October 14, 1080 near Hohenmölsen on the White Elster river.

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Bavaria

Bavaria (Bavarian and Bayern), officially the Free State of Bavaria (Freistaat Bayern), is a landlocked federal state of Germany, occupying its southeastern corner.

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Bavaria (disambiguation)

Bavaria may refer to.

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Bavaria-Munich

Bavaria-Munich (Bayern-München) was a duchy that was a constituent state of the Holy Roman Empire from 1392 to 1505.

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Bavarian Circle

The Bavarian Circle (Bayerischer Reichskreis) was an Imperial Circle of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Bavarian language

Bavarian (also known as Bavarian Austrian or Austro-Bavarian; Boarisch or Bairisch; Bairisch; bajor) is a West Germanic language belonging to the Upper German group, spoken in the southeast of the German language area, much of Bavaria, much of Austria and South Tyrol in Italy.

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Bavarians

Bavarians (Bavarian: Boarn, Standard German: Bayern) are nation and ethnographic group of Germans of the Bavaria region, a state within Germany.

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Břevnov Monastery

Břevnov Monastery (Břevnovský klášter, Stift Breunau) is a Benedictine archabbey in the Břevnov district of Prague, Czech Republic.

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Beatrice of Swabia

Beatrice or Beatrix of Swabia (April/June 1198 – 11 August 1212), a member of the Hohenstaufen dynasty, was Holy Roman Empress and German Queen in 1212 as the first wife of the Welf emperor Otto IV.

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Berchtesgadener Land

Berchtesgadener Land is a ''Landkreis'' (district) in Bavaria, Germany.

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Berthold (patriarch of Aquileia)

Berthold (c. 1180 – 23 May 1251) was the Count of Andechs (as Berthold V) from 1204, the Archbishop of Kalocsa from 1206 until 1218, and from 1218 the Patriarch of Aquileia until his death.

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Berthold I of Istria

Berthold III (– 14 December 1188), a member of the Bavarian House of Andechs, was Margrave of Istria (as Berthold I) from 1173 until his death.

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Berthold I, Count of Tyrol

Berthold I (died 7 March 1180) was Count of Tyrol from about 1165 until his death.

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Berthold II, Count of Andechs

Berthold II of Andechs (also known as Berthold IV, Berchtold, or Bertholf; before 1099 – 27 June 1151), a member of the House of Andechs, was a German nobleman.

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Berthold, Duke of Merania

Berthold IV (c. 1159 – 12 August 1204), a member of the House of Andechs, was Margrave of Istria and Carniola (as Berthold II).

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Bevilacqua dynasty

The Bevilacqua dynasty governed parts of northern Italy between the 10th and 12th centuries.

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Binnenhof

The Binnenhof (Inner Court) is a complex of buildings in the city centre of The Hague, Netherlands, next to the Hofvijver.

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Bishopric of Regensburg

The Bishopric of Regensburg (Bistum Regensburg) was a small prince-bishopric (Hochstift) of the Holy Roman Empire, located in what is now southern Germany.

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Bled

Bled (Veldes,Leksikon občin kraljestev in dežel zastopanih v državnem zboru, vol. 6: Kranjsko. 1906. Vienna: C. Kr. Dvorna in Državna Tiskarna, p. 146. in older sources also Feldes) is a town on Lake Bled in the Upper Carniolan region of northwestern Slovenia.

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Boleslaus I, Duke of Bohemia

Boleslaus I the Cruel, also called Boleslav I (Boleslav I. Ukrutný) (– 15 July, 967 or 972), a member of the Přemyslid dynasty, was ruler (kníže, "duke" or "prince") of the Duchy of Bohemia from 935 to his death.

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Boleslaus III, Duke of Bohemia

Boleslaus III (– 1037), called the Red (Boleslav III.; to denote "red hair") or the Blind, a member of the Přemyslid dynasty, was Duke of Bohemia from 999 until 1002 and briefly again during the year 1003.

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Boris Kalamanos

Boris (Borisz; 1114 1154), also known as Boris Kalamanos (Βορίσης Καλαμάνος, Борис Коломанович) was a claimant to the Hungarian throne in the middle of the.

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Boruth

Boruth, also Borut (from borъ, "fighter") or Borouth, (died about 750) was the first documented Slavic prince (Knyaz) of Carantania, ruling from about 740 until his death.

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Braunau am Inn

(German for Braunau on the Inn) is a town in Upper Austria.

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Braunschweig

Braunschweig (Low German: Brunswiek), also called Brunswick in English, is a city in Lower Saxony, Germany, north of the Harz mountains at the farthest navigable point of the Oker river which connects it to the North Sea via the Aller and Weser rivers.

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Brunswick Lion

The Brunswick Lion (Braunschweiger Löwe) is a monument and the best-known landmark in the German city of Braunschweig (Brunswick).

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Burchard of Worms

Burchard of Worms (950/65 – August 20, 1025) was the bishop of the Imperial City of Worms, in the Holy Roman Empire.

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Burchard, Margrave of Istria

Burchard II or Burkhard II, also Purcard, was the son of Burchard I of Moosburg and elder brother of Burchard III.

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Burg Sommeregg

Sommeregg is a medieval castle near Seeboden in the Austrian state of Carinthia, Austria.

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Burgau

Burgau is a town in the district of Günzburg in Swabia, Bavaria.

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Burgruine Eppenstein

Burgruine Eppenstein is a ruined medieval castle overlooking Eppenstein in the Austrian state of Styria.

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Burgruine Hohenburg auf Rosenberg

Burgruine Hohenburg auf Rosenberg is a ruined medieval castle near Spittal an der Drau in Carinthia, Austria.

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Burgruine Ortenburg

Ortenburg Castle is a ruined mediaeval castle located in Baldramsdorf, in the Austrian state of Carinthia.

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Carantania

Carantania, also known as Carentania (Karantanija, Karantanien, in Old Slavic *Korǫtanъ), was a Slavic principality that emerged in the second half of the 7th century, in the territory of present-day southern Austria and north-eastern Slovenia.

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Carinthia

No description.

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Carinthian Slovenes

Carinthian Slovenes or Carinthian Slovenians (Koroški Slovenci; Kärntner Slowenen) are the indigenous Slovene-speaking population group in the Austrian state of Carinthia.

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Carloman of Bavaria

Carloman (Karlmann, Karlomannus; c. 830 – 22 March 880) was a Frankish king of the Carolingian dynasty.

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Carnia

Carnia (Cjargne or Cjargna/Cjargno in local variants, Ciargna, Karnien) is a historical-geographic region in the northeastern Italian area of Friuli.

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Carolingian dynasty

The Carolingian dynasty (known variously as the Carlovingians, Carolingus, Carolings or Karlings) was a Frankish noble family founded by Charles Martel with origins in the Arnulfing and Pippinid clans of the 7th century AD.

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Catholic League (German)

The Catholic League (Liga Catholica, Katholische Liga) was a coalition of Catholic states of the Holy Roman Empire formed 10 July 1609.

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Central Bavarian

Central Bavarian, also known as Central Austro-Bavarian, form a subgroup of Bavarian dialects in large parts of Austria and the German state of Bavaria along the Danube river, on the northern side of the Eastern Alps.

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Charlemagne

Charlemagne or Charles the Great (Karl der Große, Carlo Magno; 2 April 742 – 28 January 814), numbered Charles I, was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and Holy Roman Emperor from 800.

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Charles the Fat

Charles III (13 June 839 – 13 January 888), also known as Charles the Fat, was the Carolingian Emperor from 881 to 888.

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Cistercians

A Cistercian is a member of the Cistercian Order (abbreviated as OCist, SOCist ((Sacer) Ordo Cisterciensis), or ‘’’OCSO’’’ (Ordo Cisterciensis Strictioris Observantiae), which are religious orders of monks and nuns. They are also known as “Trappists”; as Bernardines, after the highly influential St. Bernard of Clairvaux (though that term is also used of the Franciscan Order in Poland and Lithuania); or as White Monks, in reference to the colour of the "cuccula" or white choir robe worn by the Cistercians over their habits, as opposed to the black cuccula worn by Benedictine monks. The original emphasis of Cistercian life was on manual labour and self-sufficiency, and many abbeys have traditionally supported themselves through activities such as agriculture and brewing ales. Over the centuries, however, education and academic pursuits came to dominate the life of many monasteries. A reform movement seeking to restore the simpler lifestyle of the original Cistercians began in 17th-century France at La Trappe Abbey, leading eventually to the Holy See’s reorganization in 1892 of reformed houses into a single order Order of Cistercians of the Strict Observance (OCSO), commonly called the Trappists. Cistercians who did not observe these reforms became known as the Cistercians of the Original Observance. The term Cistercian (French Cistercien), derives from Cistercium, the Latin name for the village of Cîteaux, near Dijon in eastern France. It was in this village that a group of Benedictine monks from the monastery of Molesme founded Cîteaux Abbey in 1098, with the goal of following more closely the Rule of Saint Benedict. The best known of them were Robert of Molesme, Alberic of Cîteaux and the English monk Stephen Harding, who were the first three abbots. Bernard of Clairvaux entered the monastery in the early 1110s with 30 companions and helped the rapid proliferation of the order. By the end of the 12th century, the order had spread throughout France and into England, Wales, Scotland, Ireland, Spain, Portugal, Italy, and Eastern Europe. The keynote of Cistercian life was a return to literal observance of the Rule of St Benedict. Rejecting the developments the Benedictines had undergone, the monks tried to replicate monastic life exactly as it had been in Saint Benedict's time; indeed in various points they went beyond it in austerity. The most striking feature in the reform was the return to manual labour, especially agricultural work in the fields, a special characteristic of Cistercian life. Cistercian architecture is considered one of the most beautiful styles of medieval architecture. Additionally, in relation to fields such as agriculture, hydraulic engineering and metallurgy, the Cistercians became the main force of technological diffusion in medieval Europe. The Cistercians were adversely affected in England by the Protestant Reformation, the Dissolution of the Monasteries under King Henry VIII, the French Revolution in continental Europe, and the revolutions of the 18th century, but some survived and the order recovered in the 19th century.

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Codex Maximilianeus bavaricus civilis

The Codex Maximilianeus bavaricus civilis is a civil code enacted in the Duchy of Bavaria in 1756.

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Cologne War

The Cologne War (1583–88) devastated the Electorate of Cologne, a historical ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire, within present-day North Rhine-Westphalia, in Germany.

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Coloman, King of Hungary

Coloman the Learned, also the Book-Lover or the Bookish (Könyves Kálmán; Koloman; Koloman Učený; 10703February 1116) was King of Hungary from 1095 and King of Croatia from 1097 until his death.

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Conflagration

A conflagration is a large and destructive fire that threatens human life, animal life, health, and/or property.

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Conrad I of Germany

Conrad I (c. 881 – December 23, 918), called the Younger, was the king of East Francia from 911 to 918.

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Conrad II of Italy

Conrad II or Conrad (III) (12 February 1074 – 27 July 1101) was the Duke of Lower Lorraine (1076–87), King of Germany (1087–98) and King of Italy (1093–98).

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Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor

Conrad II (4 June 1039), also known as and, was Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire from 1027 until his death in 1039.

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Conrad III of Germany

Conrad III (1093 – 15 February 1152) was the first King of Germany of the Hohenstaufen dynasty.

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Conrad of Tuscany

Conrad (Konrad, Corrado) was the margrave of Tuscany from 1119/20 until 1129/31.

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Council of Frankfurt

The Council of Frankfurt, traditionally also the Council of Frankfort, in 794 was called by Charlemagne, as a meeting of the important churchmen of the Frankish realm.

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Count palatine

Count palatine is a high noble title, used to render several comital (of or relating to a count or earl) styles, in some cases also shortened to Palatine, which can have other meanings as well.

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Counts of Andechs

The House of Andechs was a feudal line of German princes in 12th and 13th century.

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Counts of Ortenburg

The Counts of Ortenburg (Grafen von Ortenburg) were a comital family in the mediaeval Duchy of Carinthia.

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County of Gorizia

The County of Gorizia (Contea di Gorizia, Grafschaft Görz, Goriška grofija, Contee di Gurize), from 1365 Princely County of Gorizia, was a State of the Holy Roman Empire.

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County of Holland

The County of Holland was a State of the Holy Roman Empire and from 1432 part of the Burgundian Netherlands, from 1482 part of the Habsburg Netherlands and from 1648 onward, Holland was the leading province of the Dutch Republic, of which it remained a part until the Batavian Revolution in 1795.

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County of Tyrol

The (Princely) County of Tyrol was an estate of the Holy Roman Empire established about 1140.

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County of Werdenfels

The County of Werdenfels (German: Grafschaft Werdenfels) in the present-day Werdenfelser Land in South Germany was a county that enjoyed imperial immediacy that belonged to the Bishopric of Freising from the late 13th century until the secularisation of the Bishopric in 1803.

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Crown jewels

Crown Jewels are the objects of metalwork and jewellery in the regalia of a current or former monarchy.

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Crusade of 1101

The Crusade of 1101 was a minor crusade of three separate movements, organized in 1100 and 1101 in the successful aftermath of the First Crusade.

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Cunigunde of Swabia

Cunigunde of Swabia (– 7 February after 918), a member of the Ahalolfing noble family, was Margravine of Bavaria until 907 by her first marriage with Margrave Luitpold and German queen (Queen of the Franks) from 913 to 918 by her second marriage with King Conrad I, the first and sole ruler of the Conradine dynasty.

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Decree of Kutná Hora

The Decree of Kutná Hora (Dekret Kutnohorský) or Decree of Kuttenberg (Kuttenberger Dekret) was issued on 18 January 1409 in Kutná Hora (Kuttenberg), Bohemia by King Wenceslaus IV to give members of the Bohemian nation a decisive voice in the affairs of the Charles University in Prague.

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Deggendorf

Deggendorf is a town in Bavaria, capital of the Deggendorf district.

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Diet of Speyer (1526)

The Diet of Speyer or the Diet of Spires (sometimes referred to as Speyer I) was an Imperial Diet of the Holy Roman Empire in 1526 in the Imperial City of Speyer in present-day Germany.

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Dingolfing

Dingolfing is a town in Southern Bavaria, Germany.

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Domitian of Carantania

Domitian of Carantania or Domitian of Carinthia (Domitian von Kärnten, Domicijan Koroški; died), also known as Domislav and Tuitianus, was a Slavic nobleman in the principality of Carantania (present-day Carinthia, Austria) during the reign of Charlemagne.

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Donaustauf

Donaustauf is a market town in Bavaria, east of Regensburg at the foothills of the Bavarian Forest.

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Donauwörth

Donauwörth) is a town and the capital of the Donau-Ries district in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany. It is said to have been founded by two fishermen where the rivers Danube (Donau) and Wörnitz meet. The city is part of the scenic route called "Romantische Straße" (Romantic Road) The city is situated between Munich and Nuremberg, 46 km north of Augsburg.

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Dorfgastein

Dorfgastein is a municipality in St. Johann im Pongau District, in the Austrian state of Salzburg.

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Double Writing (Petty)

A Declaration Concerning the newly invented Art of Double Writing was a pamphlet of 6 leaves, written by Sir William Petty (1623-1687) and first published in 1648.

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Drahomíra

Drahomíra of Stodor (Drahomíra ze Stodor; – died after 934 or 936) was Duchess consort of Bohemia from 915 to 921, wife of the Přemyslid duke Vratislaus I. She also acted as regent of the Duchy of Bohemia from 921 to 924 during the minority of her son Wenceslaus.

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Duchy

A duchy is a country, territory, fief, or domain ruled by a duke or duchess.

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Duchy of Austria

The Duchy of Austria (Herzogtum Österreich) was a medieval principality of the Holy Roman Empire, established in 1156 by the Privilegium Minus, when the Margraviate of Austria (Ostarrîchi) was detached from Bavaria and elevated to a duchy in its own right.

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Duchy of Bohemia

The Duchy of Bohemia, also referred to as the Czech Duchy, (České knížectví) was a monarchy and a principality in Central Europe during the Early and High Middle Ages.

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Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg

The Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Herzogtum Braunschweig-Lüneburg), or more properly the Duchy of Brunswick and Lüneburg, was an historical duchy that existed from the late Middle Ages to the Early Modern era within the Holy Roman Empire.

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Duchy of Carinthia

The Duchy of Carinthia (Herzogtum Kärnten; Vojvodina Koroška) was a duchy located in southern Austria and parts of northern Slovenia.

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Duchy of Franconia

The Duchy of Franconia (Herzogtum Franken) was one of the five stem duchies of East Francia and the medieval Kingdom of Germany emerging in the early 10th century.

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Duchy of Legnica

The Duchy of Legnica (Księstwo Legnickie, Lehnické knížectví) or Duchy of Liegnitz (Herzogtum Liegnitz) was one of the Duchies of Silesia.

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Duchy of Merania

The Duchy of Merania (Herzogtum Meranien, Vojvodina Meranija) was a fiefdom of the Holy Roman Empire from 1152 until 1248.

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Duchy of Saxony

The Duchy of Saxony (Hartogdom Sassen, Herzogtum Sachsen) was originally the area settled by the Saxons in the late Early Middle Ages, when they were subdued by Charlemagne during the Saxon Wars from 772 and incorporated into the Carolingian Empire (Francia) by 804.

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Duchy of Swabia

The Duchy of Swabia (German: Herzogtum Schwaben) was one of the five stem duchies of the medieval German kingdom.

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Early clashes in the Rhine campaign of 1796

In the Rhine Campaign of 1796 (June 1796 to February 1797), two First Coalition armies under the overall command of Archduke Charles outmaneuvered and defeated two Republican French armies.

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Early modern Europe

Early modern Europe is the period of European history between the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, roughly the late 15th century to the late 18th century.

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East Francia

East Francia (Latin: Francia orientalis) or the Kingdom of the East Franks (regnum Francorum orientalium) was a precursor of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Eberhard of Franconia

Eberhard III (c. 885 – 2 October 939), a member of the Conradine dynasty, was Duke of Franconia, succeeding his elder brother, King Conrad I, in December 918.

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Eilika of Schweinfurt

Eilika of Schweinfurt (c. 1005 – 10 Dec aft. 1059) was Duchess consort of Saxony.

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Electorate of Bavaria

The Electorate of Bavaria (Kurfürstentum Bayern) was an independent hereditary electorate of the Holy Roman Empire from 1623 to 1806, when it was succeeded by the Kingdom of Bavaria.

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Elisabeth of Bavaria, Queen of Germany

Elisabeth of Bavaria (– 9 October 1273), a member of the House of Wittelsbach, was Queen consort of Germany from 1246 to 1254 by her marriage to King Conrad IV of Germany.

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Elisabeth of Cleves

Myntha Elisabeth of Cleves was the daughter of the Duke of Cleves - Adolf III of the Marck and Margaret of Jülich.

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Elizabeth of Carinthia, Queen of Germany

Elizabeth of Carinthia (also known as Elizabeth of Tyrol; – 28 October 1312), was a Duchess of Austria from 1282 and Queen of Germany from 1298 until 1308, by marriage to the Habsburg king Albert I.

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Engelbert III, Margrave of Istria

Engelbert III (died 6 October 1173), a member of the Rhenish Franconian House of Sponheim, was Margrave of Istria from 1124 until his death.

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Ernest of Bavaria

Ernest of Bavaria (Ernst von Bayern) (17 December 1554 – 17 February 1612) was Prince-elector-archbishop of the Archbishopric of Cologne from 1583 to 1612 as successor of the expelled Gebhard Truchsess von Waldburg.

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Ernest of Bavaria (1500–1560)

Duke Ernest of Bavaria (born 13 June 1500 in Munich – died: 7 December 1560 in Glatz) was Administrator of the dioceses of Passau and Salzburg and pledge lord of Glatz.

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Ezzonids

The Ezzonids were a dynasty of Lotharingian stock dating back as far as the ninth century.

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Ferdinand of Bavaria (soldier)

Ferdinand of Bavaria was born 20 January 1550, in Landshut, in the Duchy of Bavaria, and died 30 January 1608 in Munich, at the age of 58.

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Fifth Crusade

The Fifth Crusade (1217–1221) was an attempt by Western Europeans to reacquire Jerusalem and the rest of the Holy Land by first conquering the powerful Ayyubid state in Egypt.

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Franconia

Franconia (Franken, also called Frankenland) is a region in Germany, characterised by its culture and language, and may be roughly associated with the areas in which the East Franconian dialect group, locally referred to as fränkisch, is spoken.

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Franz Helm

Franz Helm (ca. 1500–1567) was an artillery master who lived and worked in what is now Germany in the first half of the 16th century.

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Franz Schmidt (executioner)

Franz Schmidt (1555 – 1634), also known as Meister Franz, was an executioner in Hof from 1573 to April 1578, and from 1 May 1578 till the end of 1617 executioner of Nuremberg.

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Frederick Hambright

Frederick Hambright (May 1, 1727 n.s.– March 9, 1817) was a military officer who fought in both the local militia and in the North Carolina Line of the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War.

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Frederick II, Count of Diessen

Frederick II of Dießen (also known as Frederick I of Regensburg; 1005 – 1075) was a German nobleman.

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Frederick II, Duke of Austria

Frederick II (Friedrich II.; 25 April 1211 – 15 June 1246), known as Frederick the Quarrelsome (Friedrich der Streitbare), was Duke of Austria and Styria from 1230 until his death.

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Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor

Frederick II (26 December 1194 – 13 December 1250; Fidiricu, Federico, Friedrich) was King of Sicily from 1198, King of Germany from 1212, King of Italy and Holy Roman Emperor from 1220 and King of Jerusalem from 1225.

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Frederick V of the Palatinate

Frederick V (Friedrich V.; 26 August 1596 – 29 November 1632) was the Elector Palatine of the Rhine in the Holy Roman Empire from 1610 to 1623, and served as King of Bohemia from 1619 to 1620.

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Free imperial city

In the Holy Roman Empire, the collective term free and imperial cities (Freie und Reichsstädte), briefly worded free imperial city (Freie Reichsstadt, urbs imperialis libera), was used from the fifteenth century to denote a self-ruling city that had a certain amount of autonomy and was represented in the Imperial Diet.

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Free Imperial City of Nuremberg

The Imperial City of Nuremberg (Reichsstadt Nürnberg) was a free imperial city — independent city-state — within the Holy Roman Empire.

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Friuli

Friuli is an area of Northeast Italy with its own particular cultural and historical identity.

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Garibald (name)

Garibald (also Gariwald, Garivald, Garioald, Gerbald, Gerwald, Charoald) is a Germanic masculine given name.

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Géza II of Hungary

Géza II (II.; Gejza II; Gejza II; 113031 May 1162) was King of Hungary and Croatia from 1141 to 1162.

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Gebhard of Supplinburg

Gebhard of Supplinburg (or Süpplingenburg; died 9 June 1075) was a Saxon count in the Eastphalian Harzgau and Nordthüringgau.

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Georg Tannstetter

Georg Tannstetter (April 1482 – 26 March 1535), also called Georgius Collimitius, was a humanist teaching at the University of Vienna.

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German royal election, 1002

The German royal election of 1002 was the decision on the succession which was held after the death of Emperor Otto III without heirs.

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German–Polish War (1002–18)

The German–Polish War which took place from 1002 to 1018 consisted of a series of struggles between the Ottonian king Henry II of Germany (Holy Roman Emperor from 1014) and the Polish Piast ruler Bolesław I the Brave.

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Germany

Germany (Deutschland), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (Bundesrepublik Deutschland), is a sovereign state in central-western Europe.

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Gertrude of Merania

Gertrude of Merania (1185 – 28 September 1213) was Queen of Hungary as the first wife of Andrew II from 1205 until her assassination.

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Gertrude of Süpplingenburg

Gertrude of Süpplingenburg (18 April 1115 – 18 April 1143) was Duchess consort of Bavaria from 1127 to 1138, Margravine consort of Tuscany from 1136 to 1139, and Duchess consort of Saxony from 1137 to 1138.

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Gertrude of Sulzbach

Gertrude of Sulzbach (Gertrud; – 14 April 1146) was German queen from 1138 until her death as the second wife of the Hohenstaufen king Conrad III.

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Gesta Hungarorum

Gesta Hungarorum, or The Deeds of the Hungarians, is the first extant Hungarian book about history.

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Gisela of Burgundy

Gisela of Burgundy (c.  955 – 21 July 1007), a member of the royal Elder House of Welf, was Duchess of Bavaria from about 972 to 976 and again from 985 to 995, by her marriage with Duke Henry the Wrangler.

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Glad (duke)

Glad (Глад, Galád, Glad, Глад) was the ruler of Banat (in present-day Romania and Serbia) at the time of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin around 900 AD, according to the Gesta Hungarorum.

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Golden Bull of 1356

The Golden Bull of 1356 was a decree issued by the Imperial Diet at Nuremberg and Metz (Diet of Metz (1356/57)) headed by the Emperor Charles IV which fixed, for a period of more than four hundred years, important aspects of the constitutional structure of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Golling an der Salzach

Golling an der Salzach is a market town in the Hallein district of Salzburg, Austria.

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Goriška

Goriška is a historical region in western Slovenia on the border with Italy.

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Gotfrid

Gotfrid (also Gotefrid, modernized Gottfried; Gotfridus or Cotefredus; died 709) was the Duke of Alemannia in the late seventh century and until his death.

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Gozbald

Gozbald, in Latin Gozbaldus or Gauzbaldus (died 20 September 855), was the abbot of Niederaltaich from 830, and the bishop of Würzburg from 842, until his death.

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Großgmain

Großgmain is a municipality in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung in the state of Salzburg in Austria.

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Grosseto

Grosseto is a city and comune in the central Italian region of Tuscany, the capital of the Province of Grosseto.

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Gunhilda of Denmark

Gunhilda of Denmark (1020 – 18 July 1038), a member of the House of Knýtlinga, was Queen consort of Germany by her marriage with King Henry III of the Salian dynasty from 1036 until her death.

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Hallein

Hallein is a historic town in the Austrian state of Salzburg.

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Hans Denck

Hans Denck (c. 1495 – November 27, 1527) was a German theologian and Anabaptist leader during the Reformation.

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Hanseatic League

The Hanseatic League (Middle Low German: Hanse, Düdesche Hanse, Hansa; Standard German: Deutsche Hanse; Latin: Hansa Teutonica) was a commercial and defensive confederation of merchant guilds and market towns in Northwestern and Central Europe.

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Hartschier

Hartschiere (singular form: Hartschier) were predominantly members of the Bavarian residence guards before 1918, a historic military branch of the former Duchy and the later Electorate and at last Kingdom of Bavaria.

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Hartwig (archbishop of Salzburg)

Hartwig (Hartwicus; died 5 December 1023) was the archbishop of Salzburg from 991 until his death.

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Harzburg

The Harzburg, also called Große Harzburg ("Great Harz Castle"), is a former imperial castle, situated on the northwestern edge of the Harz mountain range overlooking the spa resort of Bad Harzburg in Goslar District in the state of Lower Saxony, Germany.

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Hattonids

The Hattonids were an important imperial noble family in the first half of the 9th century, during the reigns of the Carolingian kings Charlemagne and Louis the Pious.

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Hüttschlag

Hüttschlag is a municipality in the district of St. Johann im Pongau in the Austrian state of Salzburg.

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Hedwig of Silesia

Saint Hedwig of Silesia (Święta Jadwiga Śląska), also Saint Hedwig of Andechs (Heilige Hedwig von Andechs, Hedvigis; 1174 – 15 October 1243), a member of the Bavarian comital House of Andechs, was Duchess of Silesia from 1201 and of Greater Poland from 1231 as well as High Duchess consort of Poland from 1232 until 1238.

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Heidenheim an der Brenz

Heidenheim an der Brenz (short: Heidenheim; Swabian: Hoidna) is a town in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.

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Heilika of Pettendorf-Lengenfeld

Heilika of Pettendorf-Lengenfeld (also known as Eilika; – 14 September 1170; buried in Ensdorf Abbey) was by marriage Countess Palatine of Bavaria.

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Hellicha of Wittelsbach

Hellicha of Wittelsbach (Hellicha z Wittelsbachu, Heilika von Wittelsbach; - 13 August 1198), was Duchess consort of Bohemia from 1189 to 1198, married to Duke Conrad II.

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Hemma

Emma of Altdorf, also known as Hemma (– 31 January 876), a member of the Elder House of Welf, was Queen consort of East Francia by marriage to King Louis the German, from 843 until her death.

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Henry I, Duke of Bavaria

Henry I (919/921 – 1 November 955), a member of the German royal Ottonian dynasty, was Duke of Bavaria from 948 until his death.

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Henry II, Duke of Austria

Henry II (Heinrich; 1112 – 13 January 1177), called Jasomirgott, a member of the House of Babenberg,Lingelbach 1913, pp.

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Henry II, Duke of Bavaria

Henry II (951 – 28 August 995), called the Wrangler or the Quarrelsome (Heinrich der Zänker), a member of the German royal Ottonian dynasty, was Duke of Bavaria from 955 to 976 and again from 985 to 995, as well as Duke of Carinthia from 989 to 995.

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Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor

Henry II (Heinrich II; Enrico II) (6 May 973 – 13 July 1024), also known as Saint Henry, Obl. S. B., was Holy Roman Emperor ("Romanorum Imperator") from 1014 until his death in 1024 and the last member of the Ottonian dynasty of Emperors as he had no children.

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Henry III, Duke of Bavaria

Henry III (940 – 5 October 989), called the Younger, a member of the Luitpolding dynasty, was the first Duke of Carinthia from 976 to 978, Duke of Bavaria from 983 to 985 and again Duke of Carinthia from 985 to 989.

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Henry IX, Duke of Bavaria

Henry IX (1075 – 13 December 1126), called the Black, a member of the House of Welf, was Duke of Bavaria from 1120 to 1126.

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Henry of Kalden

Henry of Kalden (Heinrich von Kalden; – after 1214) was a ministerialis in the service of the German kings Henry VI, Philip, Otto IV, and Frederick II.

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Henry of Schweinfurt

Henry of Schweinfurt (de Suinvorde; – 18 September 1017) was the Margrave of the Nordgau from 994 until 1004.

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Henry the Fowler

Henry the Fowler (Heinrich der Finkler or Heinrich der Vogler; Henricus Auceps) (876 – 2 July 936) was the duke of Saxony from 912 and the elected king of East Francia (Germany) from 919 until his death in 936.

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Henry V, Count Palatine of the Rhine

Henry V, the Elder of Brunswick (Heinrich der Ältere von Braunschweig; – 28 April 1227), a member of the House of Welf, was Count Palatine of the Rhine from 1195 until 1213.

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Henry V, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg

Henry V of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (Henricus; 10 November 1489 – 11 June 1568), called the Younger, (Heinrich der Jüngere), a member of the House of Welf, was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and ruling Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel from 1514 until his death.

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Henry VI, Count of Gorizia

Henry VI (1376–1454), a member of the House of Gorizia (Meinhardiner dynasty), ruled as Count of Gorizia from 1385 until his death.

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Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor

Henry VI (Heinrich VI) (November 1165 – 28 September 1197), a member of the Hohenstaufen dynasty, was King of Germany (King of the Romans) from 1190 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1191 until his death.

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Henry X, Duke of Bavaria

Henry the Proud (Heinrich der Stolze) (– 20 October 1139), a member of the House of Welf, was Duke of Bavaria (as Henry X) from 1126 to 1138 and Duke of Saxony (as Henry II) as well as Margrave of Tuscany and Duke of Spoleto from 1137 until his death.

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Henry, Margrave of the Franks

Henry (died 28 August 886) was the leading military commander of the last years of the Carolingian Empire.

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Hermann of Salm

Herman(n) of Salm (– 28 September 1088), also known as Herman(n) of Luxembourg, the progenitor of the House of Salm, was Count of Salm and elected German anti-king from 1081 until his death.

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Hermán (genus)

Hermán (also Hermány, Herman or Hermann) was the name of a gens (Latin for "clan"; nemzetség in Hungarian) in the Kingdom of Hungary.

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Herrenchiemsee

Herrenchiemsee is a complex of royal buildings on Herreninsel, the largest island in the Chiemsee lake, in southern Bavaria, Germany.

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Herschweiler-Pettersheim

Herschweiler-Pettersheim is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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High Middle Ages

The High Middle Ages, or High Medieval Period, was the period of European history that commenced around 1000 AD and lasted until around 1250 AD.

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Hildebrandslied

The Hildebrandslied (Lay or Song of Hildebrand) is a heroic lay written in Old High German alliterative verse.

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Hinterstoder

Hinterstoder is a municipality in the district of Kirchdorf an der Krems in Upper Austria, Austria.

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Hirsau Abbey

Hirsau Abbey, formerly known as Hirschau Abbey, was once one of the most important Benedictine abbeys of Germany.

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History of Austria

The history of Austria covers the history of Austria and its predecessor states, from the early Stone Age to the present state.

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History of Baden-Württemberg

The history of Baden-Württemberg covers the area included in the historical state of Baden, the former Prussian Hohenzollern, and Württemberg, part of the region of Swabia since the 9th century.

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History of Germany

The concept of Germany as a distinct region in central Europe can be traced to Roman commander Julius Caesar, who referred to the unconquered area east of the Rhine as Germania, thus distinguishing it from Gaul (France), which he had conquered.

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History of South Tyrol

Modern-day South Tyrol, an autonomous Italian province created in 1948, was part of the Austro-Hungarian County of Tyrol until 1918 (then known as Deutschsüdtirol and occasionally Mitteltirol).

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History of Tyrol

The history of Tyrol, a historical region in the middle alpine area of Central Europe, dates back to early human settlements at the end of the last glacier period, around 12,000 BC.

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History of Verona

Events in the history of Verona, in Italy.

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Hnabi

Hnabi or Nebi (c. 710 – c. 788) was an Alemannian duke.

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Hohenstaufen

The Staufer, also known as the House of Staufen, or of Hohenstaufen, were a dynasty of German kings (1138–1254) during the Middle Ages.

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Holy Roman Emperor

The Holy Roman Emperor (historically Romanorum Imperator, "Emperor of the Romans") was the ruler of the Holy Roman Empire (800-1806 AD, from Charlemagne to Francis II).

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Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire (Sacrum Romanum Imperium; Heiliges Römisches Reich) was a multi-ethnic but mostly German complex of territories in central Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806.

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House of Falkenstein (Bavaria)

The counts of Falkenstein (from 1125 referred to as counts of Falkenstein-Neuburg) were a medieval noble dynasty from Bavaria.

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House of Gorizia

The Counts of Gorizia (Conti di Gorizia; Grafen von Görz; Goriški grofje), or Meinhardiner, were a comital dynasty in the Holy Roman Empire, originally officials in the Patriarchate of Aquileia, who ruled the County of Gorizia (Görz) from the early 12th century onwards.

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House of Wittelsbach

The House of Wittelsbach is a European royal family and a German dynasty from Bavaria.

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Hugbert of Bavaria

Hugbert (also Hukbert) of the Agilolfings was duke of Bavaria from 725 to 736.

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Hugh Elliot

Hugh Elliot (6 April 1752 – 1 December 1830) was a British diplomat and then a colonial governor.

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Hunald I

Hunald I, also spelled Hunold, Hunoald, Hunuald or Chunoald (died 756), was the Duke of Aquitaine from 735 until 745.

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Hunfridings

The Hunfridings or Burchardings (Bouchardids) were a family of probably Alemannic origin who rose to prominence in their homeland, eventually becoming the first ducal dynasty of Swabia.

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Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin

The Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin, also Hungarian conquest or Hungarian land-taking (honfoglalás: "conquest of the homeland"), was a series of historical events ending with the settlement of the Hungarians in Central Europe at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries.

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Hungarian invasions of Europe

The Hungarian invasions of Europe (kalandozások, Ungarneinfälle) took place in the ninth and tenth centuries, the period of transition in the history of Europe between the Early and High Middle Ages, when the territory of the former Carolingian Empire was threatened by invasion from multiple hostile forces, the Magyars (Hungarians) from the east, the Viking expansion from the north and the Arabs from the south.

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Hungarian nobility

The Hungarian nobility consisted of a privileged group of people, most of whom owned landed property, in the Kingdom of Hungary.

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Hungarian prehistory

Hungarian prehistory (magyar őstörténet) spans the period of history of the Hungarian people, or Magyars, which started with the separation of the Hungarian language from other Finno-Ugric or Ugric languages around, and ended with the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin around.

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Hussite Wars

The Hussite Wars, also called the Bohemian Wars or the Hussite Revolution, were fought between the heretical Catholic Hussites and the combined Catholic orthodox forces of Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, the Papacy and various European monarchs loyal to the Catholic Church, as well as among various Hussite factions themselves.

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Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)

The Imperial Diet (Dieta Imperii/Comitium Imperiale; Reichstag) was the deliberative body of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Imperial election, 1619

The imperial election of 1619 was an imperial election held to select the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Imperial election, 1636

The imperial election of 1636 was an imperial election held to select the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Imperial election, 1653

The imperial election of 1653 was an imperial election held to select the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Irene Angelina

Irene Angelina (Εἰρήνη Ἀγγελίνα; c. 1181 – 27 August 1208), was a Byzantine princess member of the Angelos dynasty and by her two marriages Queen of Sicily in 1193 and Queen of Germany from 1198 to 1208.

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Irmgard of Chiemsee

Blessed Irmgard of Chiemsee (Selige Irmgard, also Irmengard; – 16 July 866), a member of the Carolingian dynasty, was the second daughter of King Louis the German and his wife Hemma.

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Jaromír, Duke of Bohemia

Jaromír (died 4 November 1035), a member of the Přemyslid dynasty, was Duke of Bohemia, in 1003, from 1004 to 1012, and again from 1034 to 1035.

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Jesuit College of Ingolstadt

The Jesuit College of Ingolstadt (Jesuitenkolleg Ingolstadt) was a Jesuit school in Ingolstadt, in the Duchy and Electorate of Bavaria, founded in 1556, that operated until the suppression of the Jesuit Order in 1773.

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Joanna of Bavaria

Joanna of Bavaria (c. 1362 – 31 December 1386), a member of the House of Wittelsbach, was German queen from 1376 and Queen of Bohemia from 1378 until her death, by her marriage with the Luxembourg king Wenceslaus.

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Johann Jakob von Wunsch

Johann Jakob von Wunsch (1717–1788) was soldier of fortune and Prussian general of infantry, and a particularly adept commander of light infantry.

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Johann Marbach

Johann Marbach (14 April 1521 – 17 March 1581) was a German Lutheran reformer and controversialist.

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Johann Schiltberger

Johann (Hans) Schiltberger (1380) was a German traveller and writer.

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Johann Schmidlap

Johann Schmidlap of Schorndorf was a 16th-century Bavarian fireworks maker and rocket pioneer.

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Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly

Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly (Johan t'Serclaes; February 1559 – 30 April 1632) was a field marshal who commanded the Catholic League's forces in the Thirty Years' War.

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Johann, Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen

Prince Johann of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (17 August 1578 in Sigmaringen – 22 March 1638 in Munich), was the ruling Count of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen from 1606 to 1623.

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John Henry, Margrave of Moravia

John Henry of Luxembourg (Jan Jindřich, Johann Heinrich; 12 February 1322 – 12 November 1375), a member of the House of Luxembourg, was Count of Tyrol from 1335 to 1341 and Margrave of Moravia from 1349 until his death.

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Jost Amman

Jost Amman (June 13, 1539 – March 17, 1591) was a Swiss-German artist, celebrated chiefly for his woodcuts, done mainly for book illustrations.

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Judah ben Samuel of Regensburg

Judah ben Samuel of Regensburg (1150 – 22 February 1217), also called HeHasid or 'the Pious' in Hebrew, was a leader of the Chassidei Ashkenaz, a movement of Jewish mysticism in Germany considered different from kabbalistic mysticism because it emphasizes specific prayer and moral conduct.

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Judenburg

Judenburg is a historic town in Styria, Austria.

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Judith of Flanders (died 1095)

Judith of Flanders (1030-35 to 5 March 1095) was, by her successive marriages to Tostig Godwinson and Welf I, Countess of Northumbria and Duchess of Bavaria.

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Judith of Swabia

Judith of Swabia (Sváb Judit, Judyta Szwabska; Summer 1054 – 14 March ca. 1105?), a member of the Salian dynasty, was the youngest daughter of Emperor Henry III from his second marriage with Agnes of Poitou.

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Judith, Duchess of Bavaria

Judith (925 – 29 June after 985), a member of the Luitpolding dynasty, was Duchess consort of Bavaria from 947 to 955, by her marriage with Duke Henry I. After her husband's death, she acted as regent of Bavaria during the minority of her son Henry the Wrangler.

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July 14

No description.

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July 4

The Aphelion, the point in the year when the Earth is farthest from the Sun, occurs around this date.

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Kaprun

Kaprun is a municipality in the Zell am See District in the state of Salzburg, Austria.

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Karl Theodor von Heigel

Karl Theodor von Heigel (23 August 1842 in Munich – 23 March 1915 in Munich) was a German historian.

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Kingdom of Germany

The Kingdom of Germany or German Kingdom (Regnum Teutonicum, "Teutonic Kingdom"; Deutsches Reich) developed out of the eastern half of the former Carolingian Empire.

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Kitzbühel

Kitzbühel is a small medieval town situated in the Kitzbühel Alps along the river Kitzbüheler Ache in Tyrol, Austria, about 100 kilometers (62 mi) east of the state capital Innsbruck and is the administrative centre of the Kitzbühel district (Bezirk).

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Konrad I, Duke of Głogów

Konrad I of Głogów (Konrad I głogowski; – 6 August 1273/74), a member of the Silesian Piasts, was Silesian duke of Głogów from 1251 until his death.

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Krimml

Krimml is a municipality in Zell am See District, in the federal state of Salzburg, Austria, in the Pinzgau region.

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Kufstein

Kufstein is a town in the Austrian state of Tyrol, the administrative seat of Kufstein District.

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Kunigunde of Austria

Kunigunde of Austria (Kunigunde von Österreich; 16 March 1465 – 6 August 1520), a member of the House of Habsburg, was Duchess of Bavaria from 1487 to 1508, by her marriage to the Wittelsbach duke Albert IV.

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Landgericht (medieval)

The Landgericht (plural: Landgerichte), also called the Landtag in Switzerland, was a regional magistracy or court in the Holy Roman Empire that was responsible for high justice within a territory, such as a county (Grafschaft), on behalf of the territorial lord (e.g. the count).

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Lanza family

Lanza (or Lancia) are an important family of the sicilian nobility descended from the Dukes of Bavaria.

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Lehel

Lehel (Lél; died 955), a member of the Árpád dynasty, was a Magyar chieftain and, together with Bulcsú, one of the most important figures of the Hungarian invasions of Europe.

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Leitha

The Leitha (Hungarian:,, formerly Sár(-víz); Czech and Slovak: Litava) is a river in Austria and Hungary, a right tributary of the Danube.

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Leonhard Fronsperger

Leonhard Fronsperger (c. 1520–1575) was a Bavarian German soldier and author.

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Leonhart Fuchs

Leonhart Fuchs (17 January 1501 – 10 May 1566), sometimes spelled Leonhard Fuchs, was a German physician and botanist.

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Leopold I, Margrave of Austria

Leopold I (also Luitpold; – 10 July 994), known as the Illustrious (der Erlauchte), a member of the House of Babenberg, was Margrave of Austria from 976 until his death.

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Leopold II, Margrave of Austria

Leopold II (1050 – 12 October 1095), known as Leopold the Fair (Luitpold der Schöne), a member of the House of Babenberg,Lingelbach 1913, p. 90.

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Leopold V, Duke of Austria

Leopold V (1157 – 31 December 1194), known as the Virtuous (der Tugendhafte), a member of the House of Babenberg, was Duke of Austria from 1177 and Duke of Styria from 1192 until his death.

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Leopold, Duke of Bavaria

Leopold (Luitpold, c. 1108 – 18 October 1141), known as Leopold the Generous (Luitpold der Freigiebige), was Margrave of Austria as Leopold IV from 1136, and Duke of Bavaria as Leopold I from 1139 until his death in 1141.

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Leutkirch im Allgäu

Leutkirch im Allgäu is a former Free Imperial Town located in south-eastern Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

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List of conquistadors in Colombia

This is a list of conquistadors who were active in the conquest of terrains that presently belong to Colombia.

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List of countries by population in 1500

This is a list of countries by population in 1500.

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List of country-name etymologies

This list covers English language country names with their etymologies.

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List of Counts Palatine of the Rhine

The Elector of the Palatinate (Kurfürst von der Pfalz) ruled the Palatinate of the Rhine in the Kingdom of Germany and the Holy Roman Empire from 915 to 1803.

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List of dukes in Europe

The following is a list of historic duchies in Europe.

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List of former countries by date

Yugoslavia / Serbia and Montenegro 1992 - 2006 by date.

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List of former Protestants

This is a list of people who were, but no longer are, followers of Protestant churches.

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List of German monarchs

This is a list of monarchs who ruled over the German territories of central Europe from the division of the Frankish Empire in 843 (by which a separate Eastern Frankish Kingdom was created), until the collapse of the German Empire in 1918.

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List of medieval Gaue

The following is a list of German Gaue which existed during the Middle Ages.

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List of popes

This chronological list of popes corresponds to that given in the Annuario Pontificio under the heading "I Sommi Pontefici Romani" (The Supreme Pontiffs of Rome), excluding those that are explicitly indicated as antipopes.

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List of popes by country

This page is a list of popes by country of origin.

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List of rulers of Austria

Austria was ruled by the House of Babenberg until 1246 and by the House of Habsburg from 1282 to 1918.

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List of rulers of Bavaria

The following is a list of rulers during the history of Bavaria.

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List of Scottish monarchs

The monarch of Scotland was the head of state of the Kingdom of Scotland.

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List of sovereign states by date of formation

Below is a list of sovereign states with the dates of their formation (date of their independence or of their constitution), sorted by continent.

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List of sovereign states in 1143

The notion of a sovereign state arises in the 16th century with the development of modern diplomacy.

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List of sovereign states in 1495

The notion of a sovereign state arises in the mid-16th century with the development of modern diplomacy.

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List of sovereign states in 1496

The notion of a sovereign state arises in the 16th century with the development of modern diplomacy.

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List of sovereign states in 1528

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List of sovereign states in 1776

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List of sovereign states in 1777

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List of sovereign states in 1778

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List of sovereign states in 1788

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List of state leaders in 1001

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List of state leaders in 1002

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List of state leaders in 1003

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List of state leaders in 1004

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List of state leaders in 1005

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List of state leaders in 1006

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List of state leaders in 1007

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List of state leaders in 1008

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List of state leaders in 1009

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List of state leaders in 1010

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List of state leaders in 1011

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List of state leaders in 1012

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List of state leaders in 1013

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List of state leaders in 1014

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List of state leaders in 1015

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List of state leaders in 1016

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List of state leaders in 1017

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List of state leaders in 1018

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List of state leaders in 1019

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List of state leaders in 1020

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List of state leaders in 1021

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List of state leaders in 1022

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List of state leaders in 1023

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List of state leaders in 1024

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List of state leaders in 1025

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List of state leaders in 1026

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List of state leaders in 1027

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List of state leaders in 1028

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List of state leaders in 1029

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List of state leaders in 1030

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List of state leaders in 1031

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List of state leaders in 1032

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List of state leaders in 1033

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List of state leaders in 1034

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List of state leaders in 1035

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List of state leaders in 1036

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List of state leaders in 1037

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List of state leaders in 1038

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List of state leaders in 1039

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List of state leaders in 1042

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List of state leaders in 1043

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List of state leaders in 1044

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List of state leaders in 1045

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List of state leaders in 1046

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List of state leaders in 1047

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List of state leaders in 1049

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List of state leaders in 1050

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List of state leaders in 1051

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List of state leaders in 1052

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List of state leaders in 1053

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List of state leaders in 1054

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List of state leaders in 1055

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List of state leaders in 1056

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List of state leaders in 1057

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List of state leaders in 1058

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List of state leaders in 1059

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List of state leaders in 1060

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List of state leaders in 1061

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List of state leaders in 1062

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List of state leaders in 1063

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List of state leaders in 1064

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List of state leaders in 1065

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List of state leaders in 1066

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List of state leaders in 1071

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List of state leaders in 1072

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List of state leaders in 1073

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List of state leaders in 1082

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List of state leaders in 1084

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List of state leaders in 1086

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List of state leaders in 1087

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List of state leaders in 1091

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List of state leaders in 1092

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List of state leaders in 1093

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List of state leaders in 1094

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List of state leaders in 1095

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List of state leaders in 1096

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List of state leaders in 1097

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List of state leaders in 1098

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List of state leaders in 1099

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List of state leaders in 1100

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List of state leaders in 1101

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List of state leaders in 1102

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List of state leaders in 1103

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List of state leaders in 1104

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List of state leaders in 1105

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List of state leaders in 1106

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List of state leaders in 1107

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List of state leaders in 1108

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List of state leaders in 1109

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List of state leaders in 1110

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List of state leaders in 1111

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List of state leaders in 1112

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List of state leaders in 1113

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List of state leaders in 1114

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List of state leaders in 1115

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List of state leaders in 1116

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List of state leaders in 1117

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List of state leaders in 1118

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List of state leaders in 1119

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List of state leaders in 1120

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List of state leaders in 1121

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List of state leaders in 1122

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List of state leaders in 1123

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List of state leaders in 1124

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List of state leaders in 1125

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List of state leaders in 1126

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List of state leaders in 1127

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List of state leaders in 1128

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List of state leaders in 1131

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List of state leaders in 1133

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List of state leaders in 1137

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List of state leaders in 1151

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List of state leaders in 1152

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List of state leaders in 1153

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List of state leaders in 1154

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List of state leaders in 1155

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List of state leaders in 1156

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List of state leaders in 1157

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List of state leaders in 1168

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List of state leaders in 1187

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List of state leaders in 1188

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List of state leaders in 1189

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List of state leaders in 1192

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List of state leaders in 1220

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List of state leaders in 1221

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List of state leaders in 1222

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List of state leaders in 1223

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List of state leaders in 1224

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List of state leaders in 1225

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List of state leaders in 1226

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List of state leaders in 1227

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List of state leaders in 1228

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List of state leaders in 1229

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List of state leaders in 1230

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List of state leaders in 1231

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List of state leaders in 1236

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List of state leaders in 1242

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List of state leaders in 1347

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List of state leaders in 1348

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List of state leaders in 1349

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List of state leaders in 1350

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List of state leaders in 1351

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List of state leaders in 1454

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List of state leaders in 1485

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List of state leaders in 1491

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List of state leaders in 1499

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List of state leaders in 1500

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List of state leaders in 1501

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List of state leaders in 1504

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List of state leaders in 1505

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List of state leaders in 1506

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List of state leaders in 1507

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List of state leaders in 1508

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List of state leaders in 1509

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List of state leaders in 1510

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List of state leaders in 1511

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List of state leaders in 1512

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List of state leaders in 1513

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List of state leaders in 1514

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List of state leaders in 1515

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List of state leaders in 1520

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List of state leaders in 1521

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List of state leaders in 1524

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List of state leaders in 1525

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List of state leaders in 1526

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List of state leaders in 1527

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List of state leaders in 1528

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List of state leaders in 1536

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List of state leaders in 1538

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List of state leaders in 1561

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List of state leaders in 1581

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List of state leaders in 1593

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List of state leaders in 1594

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List of state leaders in 1597

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List of state leaders in 1600

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List of state leaders in 1610

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List of state leaders in the 10th century

;State leaders in the 9th century – State leaders in the 11th century – State leaders by year This is a list of state leaders in the 10th century (901–1000) AD.

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List of state leaders in the 9th century

;State leaders in the 8th century – State leaders in the 10th century – State leaders by year This is a list of state leaders in the 9th century (801–900) AD.

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List of states in the Holy Roman Empire (A)

This is a list of states in the Holy Roman Empire beginning with the letter A.

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List of states in the Holy Roman Empire (B)

This is a list of states in the Holy Roman Empire beginning with the letter B.

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List of titles and honours of the Swedish Crown

This List of titles and honours of the Swedish Crown sets out the many titles of the monarch of Sweden since the creation of hereditary monarchy of the Kingdom of Sweden in 1544.

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List of wars 1000–1499

This is a list of wars that began between 1000 to 1499. Other wars can be found in the historical lists of wars and the list of wars extended by diplomatic irregularity.

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List of wars involving Austria

This article is an incomplete list of wars and conflicts involving Austria.

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List of wars involving Croatia

The following is an incomplete list of wars fought by Croatia, by Croatian people or regular armies during periods when independent Croatian states existed, from antiquity to the present day.

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List of wars involving Hungary

This is a list of military conflicts in which Hungarian armed forces participated in or took place on the historical territory of Hungary.

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Liutgard of Saxony (died 885)

Liutgard of Saxony (c. 845 – 17 November 885) was Queen of the Franks (East Frankish queen) from 876 until 882 by her marriage with King Louis the Younger.

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Lombards

The Lombards or Longobards (Langobardi, Longobardi, Longobard (Western)) were a Germanic people who ruled most of the Italian Peninsula from 568 to 774.

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Lothair II, Holy Roman Emperor

Lothair II or Lothair III (before 9 June 1075 – 4 December 1137), known as Lothair of Supplinburg, was Holy Roman Emperor from 1133 until his death.

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Louis IV, Landgrave of Thuringia

Louis IV the Saint (Ludwig IV.; 28 October 1200 – 11 September 1227), a member of the Ludovingian dynasty, was Landgrave of Thuringia and Saxon Count palatine from 1217 until his death.

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Louis the Child

Louis the Child (893 – 20/24 September 911), sometimes called Louis III or Louis IV, was the king of East Francia from 899 until his death in 911 and was the last ruler of Carolingian dynasty there.

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Louis the German

Louis (also Ludwig or Lewis) "the German" (c. 805-876), also known as Louis II, was the first king of East Francia.

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Louis V, Duke of Bavaria

Louis V, called the Brandenburger (May 1315 – 18 September 1361), a member of the House of Wittelsbach, ruled as Margrave of Brandenburg (as Louis I) from 1323 to 1351 and as Duke of Bavaria from 1347 until his death.

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Luitpold of Znojmo

Luitpold of Znojmo (Lutoldus Znoyemsis; died 15 MarchThe day of deth: Z ČECHORODU, PEŠINA; Mars Moravicus III.3, P. 286. and NOVOTNÝ, V.; České dějiny I.2, p. 513-515 (+ footnote 15) 1112), a member of the Přemyslid dynasty, ruled as Moravian duke of Znojmo for twenty years - from 1092 until his death.

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Luitpoldings

The Luitpoldings were a medieval dynasty which ruled the German stem duchy of Bavaria from some time in the late ninth century off and on until 985.

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March of Carinthia

The March of Carinthia was a frontier district (march) of the Carolingian Empire created in 889.

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March of Carniola

The March (or Margraviate) of Carniola (Kranjska krajina; Mark Krain) was a southeastern state of the Holy Roman Empire in the High Middle Ages, the predecessor of the Duchy of Carniola.

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March of Styria

The March of Styria (Steiermark), originally known as Carantanian march (Karantanische Mark, marchia Carantana after the former Slavic principality of Carantania), was a southeastern frontier march of the Holy Roman Empire.

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March of the Nordgau

The March of the Nordgau (Markgrafschaft Nordgau) or Bavarian Nordgau (Bayerischer Nordgau) was a medieval administrative unit (Gau) on the frontier of the German Duchy of Bavaria.

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March of Tuscany

The March of Tuscany (Marca di Tuscia) was a frontier march of the Kingdom of Italy and the Holy Roman Empire during the Middle Ages.

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March of Verona

The March of Verona and Aquileia was a vast march (frontier district) of the Holy Roman Empire in northeastern Italy during the Middle Ages, centered on the cities of Verona and Aquileia.

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Margraviate of Austria

The Margraviate of Austria was a southeastern frontier march of the Holy Roman Empire created in 976 out of the territory on the border with the Principality of Hungary.

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Maria Anna of Bavaria (1551–1608)

Maria Anna of Bavaria (21 March 1551, Munich – 29 April 1608, Graz) was a politically active Archduchess of Austria by marriage to Archduke Charles II of Austria.

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Maria of Bohemia

Maria of Bohemia (– after 1172), a member of the Přemyslid dynasty, was Margravine of Austria and Duchess of Bavaria by her first marriage to Duke Leopold I, as well as Margravine of Baden and Verona by her second marriage to Margrave Herman III.

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Maria of Brabant, Duchess of Bavaria

Maria of Brabant (1226–1256) was a daughter of Henry II, Duke of Brabant, and Maria of Swabia.

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Maria Schmolln

Maria Schmolln is a municipality in the district of Braunau am Inn of the Austrian state of Upper Austria state.

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Mark an der Drau

The Mark an der Drau (German for "March on the (river) Drava") was a historical territory of the Holy Roman Empire and its predecessors during the Middle Ages.

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Mark an der Sann

The Mark an der Sann (German for "March on the Savinja"; other designations and variations of the name include Sannmark, Sann-Grafschaft (or Markgrafschaft), (Mark)grafschaft Soune, Soun and Saunien, as well as simply Sanntal – Savinja valley) was a border march of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Markus Sittich von Hohenems

Mark Sittich von Hohenems (24 June 1574 – 9 October 1619) was Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg from 1612 until his death.

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Marsilius of Padua

Marsilius of Padua (Italian: Marsilio or Marsiglio da Padova; born Marsilio dei Mainardini or Marsilio Mainardini; c. 1275 – c. 1342) was an Italian scholar, trained in medicine, who practiced a variety of professions.

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Master of the Mornauer Portrait

The Master of the Mornauer Portrait was a 15th-century German portrait painter active in Bavaria or Tyrol about 1460–1488.

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Matrei in Osttirol

Matrei in Osttirol is a market town in the Lienz District in the Austrian state of Tyrol (East Tyrol).

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Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor

Maximilian I (22 March 1459 – 12 January 1519) was King of the Romans (also known as King of the Germans) from 1486 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1508 until his death, though he was never crowned by the Pope, as the journey to Rome was always too risky.

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Maximilian Philipp Hieronymus, Duke of Bavaria-Leuchtenberg

Maximilian Philipp Hieronymus (30 September 1638, Munich - 20 March 1705, Turkheim) was a German prince.

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Meinhard I, Count of Gorizia

Meinhard I (– 1142), an ancestor of the noble House of Gorizia (Meinhardiner dynasty), was ruling count of Gorizia from 1122 until his death.

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Meinhard II, Count of Gorizia

Meinhard II, nicknamed the Elder (– 1231), a member of the House of Gorizia (Meinhardiner), was ruling Count of Gorizia from 1220 until his death.

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Meinhard III, Count of Gorizia-Tyrol

Meinhard III (9 February 1344 – 13 January 1363), a member of the House of Wittelsbach, was Duke of Upper Bavaria and Count of Tyrol from 1361 until his death.

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Meir of Rothenburg

Meir of Rothenburg (1215 – 2 May 1293) was a German Rabbi and poet, a major author of the tosafot on Rashi's commentary on the Talmud.

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Millstatt Abbey

Millstatt Abbey (Stift Millstatt) is a former monastery in Millstatt, Austria.

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Milo of Verona

Milo (Milone) was the Count (later Margrave) of Verona from 931 until 955.

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Mondsee Abbey

Mondsee Abbey (Kloster Mondsee) was a Benedictine monastery in Mondsee in Upper Austria.

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Muisca Confederation

The Muisca Confederation was a loose confederation of different Muisca rulers (zaques, zipas, iraca and tundama) in the central Andean highlands of present-day Colombia before the Spanish conquest of northern South America.

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Munich

Munich (München; Minga) is the capital and the most populated city in the German state of Bavaria, on the banks of the River Isar north of the Bavarian Alps.

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Name of Austria

The German name of Austria, Österreich, derives from the Old High German word Ostarrîchi "eastern realm", recorded in the so-called Ostarrîchi Document of 996, applied to the Margraviate of Austria, a march, or borderland, of the Duchy of Bavaria created in 976.

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Neidhart von Reuental

Neidhart von Reuental (Middle High German: Nîthart von Riuwental; also Her Nîthart; possibly born c. 1190 – died after 1236 or 1237) was one of the most famous German minnesingers.

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Noric Alps

The Noric Alps (Norische Alpen) is a collective term denoting various mountain ranges of the Eastern Alps.

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Northeim

Northeim is a town in Lower Saxony, Germany, seat of the district of Northeim, with, in 2011, a population of 29,000.

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Notitia de servitio monasteriorum

The Notitia de servitio monasteriorum ("Notice of the Service of Monasteries") is a list of monasteries in the Frankish Empire and the services they owned the crown.

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Obermünster, Regensburg

The Obermünster, or Obermünster Abbey, Regensburg, was a collegiate house of canonesses (Frauenstift) in Regensburg, Bavaria, second only to Niedermünster in wealth and power.

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Obermillstatt

Obermillstatt is a village and cadastral community in the municipality of Millstatt in Spittal an der Drau District, in Carinthia, Austria.

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Obervellach

Obervellach (Zgornja Bela) is a market town in the district of Spittal an der Drau, in the Austrian state of Carinthia.

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Odilo, Duke of Bavaria

Odilo, also Oatilo or Uatilo (died 18 January 748) of the Agilolfing dynasty was Duke of Bavaria from 736 until his death.

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Old High German

Old High German (OHG, Althochdeutsch, German abbr. Ahd.) is the earliest stage of the German language, conventionally covering the period from around 700 to 1050.

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Oldřich of Olomouc

Udalrich of Olomouc (also known as Ulrich, Oldřich; Oldericus; 1134 – 18 October 1177) was Duke in Hradec Králové (eastern Bohemia) from 1152 till 1153 and between 1173–1177 ruled the appanage of Olomouc (as Duke of Olomouc), one of three ducal regions in Moravia, then part of the Duchy of Bohemia.

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Oldřich, Duke of Bohemia

Oldřich (Odalricus, Udalrichus, Odalric, Udalrich; – 9 November 1034), a member of the Přemyslid dynasty, was Duke of Bohemia from 1012 to 1033 and briefly again in 1034.

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Order of Saint James of Altopascio

The Order of Saint James of Altopascio (Ordine di San Giacomo d'Altopascio or Ordine dei Frati Ospitalieri di San Jacopo), also called the Knights of the Tau (Cavalieri del Tau) or Hospitallers of Saint James, was a military order, perhaps the earliest Christian institution to combine the protection and assistance of pilgrims, the staffing of hospitals, and a military wing.

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Order of the Lion of Bavaria

The Order of the Lion of Bavaria was created in 1768 by Charles IV Theodore, Elector Palatine, to celebrate the 25th year of his reign.

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Ossiach Abbey

Ossiach Abbey (Stift Ossiach) is a former Benedictine monastery in Ossiach, in the Austrian state of Carinthia.

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Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor

Otto I (23 November 912 – 7 May 973), traditionally known as Otto the Great (Otto der Große, Ottone il Grande), was German king from 936 and Holy Roman Emperor from 962 until his death in 973.

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Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor

Otto II (955 – December 7, 983), called the Red (Rufus), was Holy Roman Emperor from 973 until his death in 983.

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Otto III, Count of Burgundy

Otto III (– 19 June 1248), a member of the House of Andechs, was Count of Burgundy from 1231 and last Duke of Merania (as Otto II) from 1234 until his death.

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Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor

Otto III (June/July 980 – 23 January 1002) was Holy Roman Emperor from 996 until his early death in 1002.

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Otto of Freising

Otto of Freising (Otto Frisingensis; c. 1114 – 22 September 1158) was a German churchman and chronicler.

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Otto of Nordheim

Otto of Nordheim (c. 1020 – 11 January 1083) was Duke of Bavaria (as Otto II) from 1061 until 1070.

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Ottokar IV, Duke of Styria

Ottokar IV (19 August 1163 – 8 May 1192), a member of the Otakar dynasty, was Margrave of Styria from 1164 and Duke from 1180, when Styria, previously a margraviate subordinated to the stem duchy of Bavaria, was raised to the status of an independent duchy.

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Ottonian dynasty

The Ottonian dynasty (Ottonen) was a Saxon dynasty of German monarchs (919–1024), named after three of its kings and Holy Roman Emperors named Otto, especially its first Emperor Otto I. It is also known as the Saxon dynasty after the family's origin in the German stem duchy of Saxony.

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Outline of Munich

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Munich: Munich – capital and the most populated city in the German state of Bavaria.

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Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen

Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen was a state of the Holy Roman Empire seated in Gelnhausen in the south of modern Hesse, Germany.

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Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Zweibrücken

Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Zweibrücken was a state of the Holy Roman Empire based around the Duchy of Zweibrücken in modern Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Palatinate-Sulzbach

Palatinate-Sulzbach was the name of two separate states of the Holy Roman Empire located in modern Amberg-Sulzbach, Bavaria, Germany, ruled by a branch of the House of Wittelsbach.

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Palatine Lion

The Palatine Lion (Pfälzer Löwe), less commonly the Palatinate Lion, is an heraldic charge (see also: heraldic lions).

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Palatine Zweibrücken

Palatine Zweibrücken, or the County Palatine of Zweibrücken, is a former state of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Patria del Friuli

The Patria del Friuli (Patria Fori Iulii, Patrie dal Friûl) was the territory under the temporal rule of the Patriarch of Aquileia and one of the ecclesiastical states of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Peace of Bautzen

The Peace of Bautzen or the Peace of Budziszyn was a treaty concluded on January 30, 1018, between the Ottonian Holy Roman Emperor Henry II and the Piast duke of the Polans Bolesław I Chrobry which ended a series of Polish-German wars over the control of Lusatia and Upper Lusatia (Milzenerland or Milsko, the eastern part of the margraviate of Meissen (Miśnia)) as well as Bohemia, Moravia and Slovakia.

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Perg

Perg is a city in the Austrian state of Upper Austria, capital of the district of the same name.

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Philip of Swabia

Philip of Swabia (February/March 1177 – 21 June 1208) was a prince of the House of Hohenstaufen and King of Germany from 1198 to 1208.

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Philip Türje

Philip from the kindred Türje (Türje nembeli Fülöp), also known as, albeit incorrectly, Philip of Szentgrót (Szentgróti Fülöp; died 18 December 1272) was a Hungarian prelate in the 13th century, who served as Bishop of Zagreb from 1247 or 1248 to 1262, and as Archbishop of Esztergom from 1262 until his death.

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Pilgrim (archbishop of Cologne)

Pilgrim (Pilgrimus; c. 985 – 25 August 1036) was a statesman and prelate of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Pilgrim I (archbishop of Salzburg)

Pilgrim I (died 8 October 923) was the archbishop of Salzburg from 907 until his death.

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Pilgrim von Puchheim

Pilgrim von Puchheim (– 5 April 1396) was Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg (as Pilgrim II) from 1365 until his death.

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Pilsbach

Pilsbach is a town in the Austrian state of Upper Austria.

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Pleissnerland

Pleissnerland, Pleissenland or the Imperial Territory of Pleissenland (Reichsterritorium Pleißenland; Terra Plisensis) was a Reichsgut of the Holy Roman Empire, which meant that it was directly possessed by the respective elected King of the Romans or Emperor.

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Pope Damasus II

Pope Damasus II (died 9 August 1048), born Poppo de' Curagnoni, was Pope from 17 July 1048 to his death on 9 August that same year.

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Porta Claudia

The Porta Claudia is a former fortification at the Scharnitz Pass, where the valley of the River Isar narrows near the village of Scharnitz (Tyrol, Austria), on the Bavarian border near Mittenwald.

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Prince-Bishopric of Freising

The Prince-Bishopric of Freising (German: Hochstift Freising) was an ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire from 1294 until its secularisation in the early years of the 19th century.

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Prince-elector

The prince-electors (or simply electors) of the Holy Roman Empire (Kurfürst, pl. Kurfürsten, Kurfiřt, Princeps Elector) were the members of the electoral college of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Privilegium Minus

The Privilegium Minus is the denotation of a deed issued by Emperor Frederick Barbarossa on 17 September 1156.

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Protestant Union

The Protestant Union (Protestantische Union), also known as the Evangelical Union, Union of Auhausen, German Union or as the Protestant Action Party, was a coalition of Protestant German states that was formed on May 14th, 1608 by Calvinist Frederick IV, Elector Palatine in order to defend the rights, lands and person of each member.

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Raab

Raab is a market town (Marktgemeinde) in the district of Schärding in Upper Austria in Austria.

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Radom

Radom (ראָדעם Rodem) is a city in east-central Poland with 219,703 inhabitants (2013).

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Ravensburg

Ravensburg is a town in Upper Swabia in Southern Germany, capital of the district of Ravensburg, Baden-Württemberg.

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Regensburg

Regensburg (Castra-Regina;; Řezno; Ratisbonne; older English: Ratisbon; Bavarian: Rengschburg or Rengschburch) is a city in south-east Germany, at the confluence of the Danube, Naab and Regen rivers.

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Reginar I Longneck

Reginar I Longneck (850 – 915), Rainerus or Ragenerus Longicollus, was a leading nobleman in the kingdom of Lotharingia, variously described in contemporary sources with the titles of count, margrave, missus dominicus and duke.

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Reichenau, Carinthia

Reichenau (Rajnava) is a municipality in the district of Feldkirchen in the Austrian state of Carinthia.

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Renata of Lorraine

Renata of Lorraine (20 April 1544 – 22 May 1602), was by birth a member of the House of Lorraine and by marriage Duchess of Bavaria.

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Rheinfelden

Rheinfelden (Rhyfälde) is a municipality in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland, seat of the district of Rheinfelden.

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Rhine Campaign of 1796

In the Rhine Campaign of 1796 (June 1796 to February 1797), two First Coalition armies under the overall command of Archduke Charles outmaneuvered and defeated two French Republican armies.

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Richenza of Northeim

Richenza of Northeim (c. 1087/1089 – 10 June 1141), a member of the comital House of Northeim, was Duchess of Saxony from 1106, German queen (formally Queen of the Romans) from 1125 and Holy Roman Empress from 1133 until the death of her husband Lothair of Supplinburg in 1137.

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Richenza of Swabia

Richenza (also spelled as Richeza or Richza) (– before 1083) was a German noblewoman.

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Richeza of Berg

Richeza of Berg (Richenza z Bergu; – 27 September 1125) was Duchess of Bohemia from 1111 to 1117 and again from 1120 until 1125, by her marriage with the Přemyslid duke Vladislav I. She was the daughter of the Swabian count Henry I of Berg (d. 1116) and his wife Adelheid of Mochental (d. 1127), a daughter of the Bavarian margrave Diepold II of Vohburg.

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Rintfleisch massacres

The Rintfleisch or Rindfleisch movement was a series of massacres against Jews in the year 1298.

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Robert (archbishop of Trier)

Robert, also spelled Ruotbert or Rotbert (died 19 May 956), was the archbishop of Trier from 931 until his death.

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Roll of arms

A roll of arms (or armorial) is a collection of coats of arms, usually consisting of rows of painted pictures of shields, each shield accompanied by the name of the person bearing the arms.

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Rosina von Graben von Rain

Rosina von Graben von Rain (died 1534 (?)), also called Rosina von Rain, was an Austrian noble woman, a member of the Graben von Stein family and heiress of the burgraviate of Sommeregg Castle in Carinthia.

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Rudolf I of Bohemia

Rudolf of Habsburg (– 3/4 July 1307), a member of the House of Habsburg, was Duke of Austria and Styria (as Rudolf III) from 1298 as well as King of Bohemia and titular King of Poland (as Rudolf I) from 1306 until his death.

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Rudolf, Duke of Rhaetia

Rudolf (Ruadolfus) was a Frankish nobleman of the House of Welf, attested as the duke of Rhaetia in 890–92.

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Rupertiwinkel

The Rupertiwinkel is a small historic region on the southeastern border of Bavaria, Germany.

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Salzburger Nockerl

Salzburger Nockerl (pl., Austro-Bavarian: Soizburga Noggal) are a sweet soufflé served as a dessert, a culinary speciality in the Austrian city of Salzburg.

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Salzkammergut

The Salzkammergut is a resort area located in Austria, stretching from the city of Salzburg eastwards along the Alpine Foreland and the Northern Limestone Alps to the peaks of the Dachstein Mountains.

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Sankt Georgen am Längsee

Sankt Georgen am Längsee (Šentjurij ob Dolgem jezeru) is a municipality in the district of Sankt Veit an der Glan in Carinthia, Austria.

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Sankt Martin im Innkreis

Sankt Martin im Innkreis is a municipality in Ried im Innkreis District, in the Austrian state of Upper Austria.

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Sankt Veit an der Glan

Sankt Veit an der Glan (Slovene: Šentvid ob Glini) is a town in the Austrian state of Carinthia, the administrative centre of the Sankt Veit an der Glan District.

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Saxon Eastern March

The Saxon Eastern March (Sächsische Ostmark) was a march of the Holy Roman Empire from the 10th until the 12th century.

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Saxon Rebellion

The Saxon Rebellion or Rebellion of the Saxons (Sachsenkrieg), also commonly called the Saxon Uprising (not to be confused with the Saxon Wars, also called the Saxon Uprising), refers to the struggle between the Salian dynasty ruling the Holy Roman Empire and the rebel Saxons during the reign of Henry IV.

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Scheibler Armorial

The so-called Scheibler Armorial (Scheiblersches Wappenbuch, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Cod.icon. 312 c) is an armorial manuscript compiled, in two separate portions, over the course of the 15th to 17th centuries.

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Sebastian Franck

Sebastian Franck (20 January 1499 – c. 1543) was a 16th-century German freethinker, humanist, and radical reformer.

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Second Crusade

The Second Crusade (1147–1149) was the second major crusade launched from Europe.

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Seeon Abbey

Seeon Abbey (Kloster Seeon) was a Benedictine monastery in the municipality of Seeon-Seebruck in the rural district of Traunstein in Bavaria, Germany.

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Series ducum Bavariae

The Series ducum Bavariae ("Series of Dukes of Bavaria"), subtitled, a Theodone usque ad annum 1244 ("from Theodo to the year 1244"), is a regnal list of the Duchy of Bavaria compiled in the middle of the thirteenth century.

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Siegfried I, Count of Sponheim

Siegfried I (c. 1010 – 7 February 1065) is considered the progenitor of the Carinthian ducal House of Sponheim (Spanheimer) and all of its lateral branches, including the Counts of Lebenau and the Counts of Ortenburg.

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Siegfried, Prince-Archbishop of Bremen

Siegfried of Anhalt or Siegfried of Ballenstedt (c. 1132 – 24 October 1184) was born as the third son of Sophie of Winzenburg and her husband Albert the Bear, then Count of Anhalt, of the House of Ascania.

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Slovene Istria

Slovene Istria (slovenska Istra, Istria slovena) is a region in southwest of Slovenia.

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Sophia of Hungary

Sophia of Hungary (– 18 June 1095), a member of the royal Árpád dynasty, was a Margravine of Istria and Carniola from about 1062 until 1070, by her first marriage with Margrave Ulric I, as well as Duchess of Saxony from 1072 until her death, by her second marriage with Duke Magnus Billung.

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South Tyrolean Unterland

The South Tyrolean Unterland (Südtiroler Unterland) or Bozen Unterland (Bozner Unterland; Bassa Atesina) is a section of the Etschtal valley stretching from the regional capital Bolzano (Bozen) down the Adige (Etsch) river to Tramin and Salorno (Salurn).

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Southern Germany

Southern Germany as a region has no exact boundary but is generally taken to include the areas in which Upper German dialects are spoken.

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Spanish conquest of the Muisca

The Spanish conquest of the Muisca took place from 1537 to 1540.

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Spittal an der Drau

Spittal an der Drau is a town in the western part of the Austrian federal state of Carinthia.

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Sponheim family

Sponheim or Spanheim was a medieval German noble family, which originated in Rhenish Franconia.

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St. Johann in Tirol

St.

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Stams

Stams is a municipality in Imst District, in the Austrian state of Tyrol.

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Starý Plzenec

Starý Plzenec (Altpilsen) is a town in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic.

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Stem duchy

A stem duchy (Stammesherzogtum, from Stamm, meaning "tribe", in reference to the Germanic tribes of the Franks, Saxons, Bavarians and Swabians) was a constituent duchy of the Kingdom of Germany at the time of the extinction of the Carolingian dynasty (the death of Louis the Child in 911) and through the transitional period leading to the formation of the Holy Roman Empire later in the 10th century.

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Stephen I of Hungary

Stephen I, also known as King Saint Stephen (Szent István király; Sanctus Stephanus; Štefan I. or Štefan Veľký; 975 – 15 August 1038 AD), was the last Grand Prince of the Hungarians between 997 and 1000 or 1001, and the first King of Hungary from 1000 or 1001 until his death in 1038.

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Straßwalchen

Straßwalchen is a market town in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung (Flachgau) in the state of Salzburg in Austria.

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Straubing

Straubing is an independent city in Lower Bavaria, southern Germany.

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Stuart period

The Stuart period of British history lasted from 1603 to 1714 during the dynasty of the House of Stuart.

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Sudeten Germans

German Bohemians, later known as the Sudeten Germans, were ethnic Germans living in the lands of the Bohemian Crown, which later became an integral part of the state of Czechoslovakia.

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Swabian League

The Swabian League (Schwäbischer Bund) was a mutual defence and peace keeping association of Imperial Estates – free Imperial cities, prelates, principalities and knights – principally in the territory of the early medieval stem duchy of Swabia, established in 1488 at the behest of Emperor Frederick III of Habsburg and supported as well by Bertold von Henneberg-Römhild, archbishop of Mainz, whose conciliar rather than monarchic view of the Reich often put him at odds with Frederick's successor Maximilian.

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Synod of Erfurt

The Synod (or Council) of Erfurt was a church council held at Erfurt in northeastern Thuringia under the presidency of Henry I of Germany in 932.

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Tafelgüterverzeichnis

The Tafelgüterverzeichnis is a list of the "courts which belong to the table of the king of the Romans" (curie que pertinent ad mensam regis Romanorum), that is, a register of the lands belonging to the royal demesne (or fisc) and of the payments in cash or in kind which each estate owed annually.

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Tamalameque

Tamalameque is a town and municipality in the Colombian Department of Cesar.

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Tamsweg

Tamsweg is a market town in the Austrian state of Salzburg near the border with Styria.

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Tassilo III, Duke of Bavaria

Tassilo III (741 – c. 796) was the duke of Bavaria from 748 to 788, the last of the house of the Agilolfings.

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Tegernsee

Tegernsee is a town in the Miesbach district of Bavaria, Germany.

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Theophanu

Theophanu (Θεοφανώ, Theophano; Theophanu, Theofana; 955June 15, 990 AD), also spelled Theophania, Theophana or Theophano, was an Empress consort of the Holy Roman Empire by marriage to Holy Roman Emperor Otto II, and regent of the Holy Roman Empire during the minority of her son from 983 until her death in 990.

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Theutbald I (bishop of Langres)

Theutbald I (or Theobald, Thibaut, Thibaud, Theutbaldus; died 16 August 856) was the bishop of Langres from when he was elected to succeed Alberic (died 838) until his death.

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Thiemo

Blessed Thiemo (Thimo, also called Dietmar or Theodinarus; 28 September 1101/02) was Archbishop of Salzburg from 1090 until his death.

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Thietmar of Minden

Saint Thietmar (Dietmar, Thiemo) of Minden was bishop of Minden from 1185 or 1186 until his death in 1206.

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Thirty Years' War

The Thirty Years' War was a war fought primarily in Central Europe between 1618 and 1648.

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Thuringian dialect

Thuringian is an East Central German dialect group spoken in much of the modern German Free State of Thuringia north of the Rennsteig ridge, southwestern Saxony-Anhalt and adjacent territories of Hesse and Bavaria.

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Timeline of German history

This is a timeline of German history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Germany and its predecessor states.

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Timeline of historical geopolitical changes

This is a timeline of country and capital changes around the world.

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Tittmoning

Tittmoning is a town in the district of Traunstein, in Bavaria, Germany.

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Tolmin

Tolmin (Tolmino,trilingual name Tolmein, Tolmino, Tolmin in: German Tolmein) is a small town in northwestern Slovenia.

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Treaty of Gerstungen

The Treaty of Gerstungen (Frieden von Gerstungen) was concluded on 2 February 1074 in Gerstungen Castle on the River Werra in what is now Germany.

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Treaty of Verdun

The Treaty of Verdun, signed in August 843, was the first of the treaties that divided the Carolingian Empire into three kingdoms among the three surviving sons of Louis the Pious, who was the son of Charlemagne.

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Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol

Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol (Trentino-Alto Adige,; Trentino-Südtirol; Trentin-Südtirol) is an autonomous region in Northern Italy.

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Tulln an der Donau

Tulln an der Donau (Tulln on the Danube) is a historic town in the Austrian state of Lower Austria, the administrative seat of Tulln District.

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Tyrlaching

Tyrlaching is a municipality in the district of Altötting in Bavaria, Germany.

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Tyrol

Tyrol (historically the Tyrole, Tirol, Tirolo) is a historical region in the Alps; in northern Italy and western Austria.

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Tyrol (state)

Tyrol (Tirol; Tirolo) is a federal state (Bundesland) in western Austria.

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University of Salzburg

The University of Salzburg, also known as the Paris Lodron University of Salzburg (Paris-Lodron-Universität Salzburg, PLUS), named after its founder, Prince-Archbishop Paris Lodron, is a public university located in Salzburg city, Austria.

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Upper Austria

Upper Austria (Oberösterreich; Austro-Bavarian: Obaöstarreich; Horní Rakousy) is one of the nine states or Bundesländer of Austria.

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Upper Palatinate

The Upper Palatinate (Oberpfalz) is one of the seven administrative districts of Bavaria, Germany, located in the east of Bavaria.

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Urszula Meyerin

Urszula Meyerin also Meierin (1570–1635) was a politically influential Polish courtier and mistress to King Sigismund III of Poland.

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Villach

Villach (German pronunciation:; Beljak, Villaco, Vilac) is the seventh-largest city in Austria and the second-largest in the federal state of Carinthia.

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Vimperk

Vimperk (Winterberg) is a town in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic.

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Violante Beatrice of Bavaria

Violante Beatrice of Bavaria (Violante Beatrix; 23 January 167330 May 1731) was Grand Princess of Tuscany as the wife of Grand Prince Ferdinando of Tuscany and Governor of Siena from 1717 until her death.

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Waiofar

Waiofar, also spelled Waifar, Waifer or Waiffre (died 768), was the last independent Duke of Aquitaine from 745 to 768.

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Waldsassen

Waldsassen is a town in the district of Tirschenreuth in the Upper Palatinate region of Bavaria.

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War of the Bavarian Succession

A Saxon–Prussian alliance fought the War of the Bavarian Succession (July 1778 – 21 May 1779) against the Austrian Habsburg Monarchy to prevent the Habsburgs from acquiring the Electorate of Bavaria.

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War of the Cities (1387–1389)

The War of the Cities (Städtekrieg) began as a war between the Swabian League of Cities and the Bavarian dukes 1387−1389.

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War of the Three Henries (977–978)

The War of the Three Henries was a brief rebellion of three German princes, all called Henry, against Emperor Otto II in 977–978.

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Wattens

Wattens is a market town of the Innsbruck-Land District in the Austrian state of Tyrol.

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Weißenhorn

Weißenhorn is a town in the district of Neu-Ulm in Bavaria.

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Welf (father of Judith)

Welf I (or Hwelf; died about 825) is the first documented ancestor of the Elder House of Welf.

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Welf I, Duke of Bavaria

Welf I (died 6 November 1101, Paphos, Cyprus) was Duke of Bavaria from 1070 to 1077 and from 1096 to his death.

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Welf, Duke of Carinthia

Welf III (died 13 November 1055), the last male member of the Swabian line of the Elder House of Welf, was Duke of Carinthia and Margrave of Verona from 1047 until his death.

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William of Ockham

William of Ockham (also Occam, from Gulielmus Occamus; 1287 – 1347) was an English Franciscan friar and scholastic philosopher and theologian, who is believed to have been born in Ockham, a small village in Surrey.

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Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau

Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau (26 March 1559 – 16 January 1617) was Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg from 1587 to 1612.

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Wolfram von Eschenbach

Wolfram von Eschenbach (–) was a German knight and poet, regarded as one of the greatest epic poets of medieval German literature.

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Zell am See

Zell am See is the administrative capital of the Zell am See District in the Austrian state of Salzburg.

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Zwentibold

Zwentibold (Zventibold, Swentiboldo, Sventibaldo, Sanderbald; – 13 August 900), a member of the Carolingian dynasty, was the illegitimate son of Emperor Arnulf.

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1003

Year 1003 (MIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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1006

Year 1006 (MVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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1007

Year in topic Year 1007 (MVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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1020

Year 1020 (MXX) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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1026

Year 1026 (MXXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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1255

Year 1255 (MCCLV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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1504

Year 1504 (MDIV) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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1549

Year 1549 (MDXLIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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625

Year 625 (DCXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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685

Year 685 (DCLXXXV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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711

Year 711 (DCCXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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716

Year 716 (DCCXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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717

Year 717 (DCCXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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719

Year 719 (DCCXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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725

Year 725 (DCCXXV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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741

Year 741 (DCCXLI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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757

Year 757 (DCCLVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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777

Year 777 (DCCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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817

Year 817 (DCCCXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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865

Year 865 (DCCCLXV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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876

Year 876 (DCCCLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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899

Year 899 (DCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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900

Year 900 (CM) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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905

Year 905 (CMV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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907

Year 907 (CMVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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910

Year 910 (CMX) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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911

Year 911 (CMXI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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912

Year 912 (CMXII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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913

Year 913 (CMXIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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917

Year 917 (CMXVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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919

Year 919 (CMXIX) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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921

Year 921 (CMXXI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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925

Year 925 (CMXXV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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929

Year 929 (CMXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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935

Year 935 (CMXXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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937

Year 937 (CMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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940

Year 940 (CMXL) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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941

Year 941 (CMXLI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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943

Year 943 (CMXLIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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947

Year 947 (CMXLVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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948

Year 948 (CMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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949

Year 949 (CMXLIX) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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950

Year 950 (CML) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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951

Year 951 (CMLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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953

Year 953 (CMLIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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954

Year 954 (CMLIV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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955

Year 955 (CMLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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957

Year 957 (CMLVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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958

Year 958 (CMLVIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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974

Year 974 (CMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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976

Year 976 (CMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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977

Year 977 (CMLXXVII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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978

Year 978 (CMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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982

Year 982 (CMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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984

Year 984 (CMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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985

Year 985 (CMLXXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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989

Year 989 (CMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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995

Year 995 (CMXCV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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996

Year 996 (CMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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Redirects here:

Bavaria-Dachau, Duchess of Bavaria, Duchy of Bavaria-Dachau, Dukes of Bavaria, Herzogtum Baiern.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duchy_of_Bavaria

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