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134 relations: Aggregate demand, Aggregate supply, Agriculture, Agriculture in Austria, Alfred Marshall, Ancient economic thought, Arnold Harberger, Bargaining, Barony of Westerwald, Big push model, Bilateralism, Bobby Jindal, Brander–Spencer model, British Columbia general election, 2005, Buffer stock scheme, Bureaucratic collectivism, Capital flows in Japan, Capital, Volume I, Capitalism, City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality, Collectivization in Hungary, Communist propaganda, Compensating variation, Consumer surplus for software products, Coral bleaching, Criticisms of Marxism, Criticisms of socialism, Danish cooperative movement, Deadweight loss, Debt-to-GDP ratio, Democratic response to 2006 State of the Union address, Discounts and allowances, Distortion (economics), Domestic policy of the George W. Bush administration, Economic democracy, Economic rent, Effective demand, Elasticity (economics), Energy modeling, English contract law, Envelope theorem, Excess supply, Fei–Ranis model of economic growth, Finances of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Fiscal policy of the United States, Foundations of Economic Analysis, Fourth National Government of New Zealand, Frank P. Ramsey, Free market, Gains from trade, ..., George Deukmejian, Globalization and women in China, Glossary of economics, Google Book Search Settlement Agreement, Government Pension Fund of Norway, Habitants, History of accounting, Index of economics articles, Indian tax forms, International rankings of Iran, Jon Singleton (accountant), Jules Dupuit, Julia Carson, Land value tax, Lewis turning point, List of countries by government budget, Long tail, Luigi Pasinetti, Marginal cost, Marginal cost of public funds, Marginal propensity to consume, Minimum wage, Mitch Daniels, Monopoly, Monopoly Capital, Monopsony, Naked Imperialism, Neo-Marxian economics, Net neutrality, NewBridge Bank, Nonprofit organization, Operating surplus, Option value (cost–benefit analysis), Oregon tax rebate, Outline of economics, Paul A. Baran, Paul Sweezy, Perfect competition, Perspectives on capitalism by school of thought, Price discrimination, Price fixing, Price floor, Price skimming, Price support, Pricing, Principles of Economics (Marshall), Profit (economics), Public economics, Reservation price, Scarcity value, Shoemaking, Shopping, Shortage, Social return on investment, Supply and demand, Surplus, Surplus economics, Surplus labour, Surplus product, Surplus value, Sustainable yield, Tariff, Tax incidence, Tax wedge, Terje Søviknes, Tesla, Inc., The Class Struggle in the Ancient Greek World, The Great Stagnation, Thomas McIlwraith, Thomas Robert Malthus, Tommy Douglas, Trade, Two-part tariff, V. Gordon Childe, Value of time, Value-added tax, Veblen good, Virginia ballot measures, 1992, Welfare (disambiguation), Welfare cost of business cycles, Welfare economics, Wheat, Williamson trade-off model, 2012 Australian federal budget. Expand index (84 more) »
Aggregate demand
In macroeconomics, aggregate demand (AD) or domestic final demand (DFD) is the total demand for final goods and services in an economy at a given time.
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Aggregate supply
In economics, aggregate supply (AS) or domestic final supply (DFS) is the total supply of goods and services that firms in a national economy plan on selling during a specific time period.
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Agriculture
Agriculture is the cultivation of land and breeding of animals and plants to provide food, fiber, medicinal plants and other products to sustain and enhance life.
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Agriculture in Austria
The share of agriculture in Austria in the Austrian economy declined steadily after World War II, agriculture continues to represent an important element of the economy because of its social and political significance.
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Alfred Marshall
Alfred Marshall, FBA (26 July 1842 – 13 July 1924) was one of the most influential economists of his time.
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Ancient economic thought
In the history of economic thought, ancient economic thought refers to the ideas from people before the Middle Ages.
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Arnold Harberger
Arnold Carl Harberger (born July 27, 1924) is an American economist.
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Bargaining
Bargaining or haggling is a type of negotiation in which the buyer and seller of a good or service debate the price and exact nature of a transaction.
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Barony of Westerwald
The Barony of Westerwald (Herrschaft zum Westerwald) was a Vogtei created in the 15th century from the royal estate (Königshof) of in the German hill region of the High Westerwald.
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Big push model
The big push model is a concept in development economics or welfare economics that emphasizes that a firm's decision whether to industrialize or not depends on its expectation of what other firms will do.
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Bilateralism
Bilateralism is the conduct of political, economic, or cultural relations between two sovereign states.
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Bobby Jindal
Piyush "Bobby" Jindal (born June 10, 1971) is an American politician who was the 55th Governor of Louisiana between 2008 and 2016, and previously served as a U.S. Congressman and as the vice chairman of the Republican Governors Association.
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Brander–Spencer model
The Brander–Spencer model is an economic model in international trade originally developed by James Brander and Barbara Spencer in the early 1980s.
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British Columbia general election, 2005
The 38th British Columbia general election was held on May 17, 2005, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) of the Province of British Columbia (BC), Canada.
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Buffer stock scheme
A buffer stock scheme (commonly implemented as intervention storage, the "ever-normal granary") is an attempt to use commodity storage for the purposes of stabilising prices in an entire economy or, more commonly, an individual (commodity) market.
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Bureaucratic collectivism
Bureaucratic collectivism is a theory of class society.
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Capital flows in Japan
Capital began to flow in and out of Japan following the Meiji Restoration of 1868, but policy restricted loans from overseas.
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Capital, Volume I
Capital.
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Capitalism
Capitalism is an economic system based upon private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit.
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City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality
The City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality is a metropolitan municipality that manages the local governance of Johannesburg, South Africa.
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Collectivization in Hungary
In the Hungarian People's Republic, agricultural collectivization was attempted a number of times in the late 1940s, until it was finally successful in the early 1960s.
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Communist propaganda
Communist propaganda is the scientific, artistic, and social promotion of the ideology of communism, communist worldview and interests of the communist movement.
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Compensating variation
In economics, compensating variation (CV) is a measure of utility change introduced by John Hicks (1939).
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Consumer surplus for software products
Consumer surplus for software products can be calculated differently from other products.
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Coral bleaching
Coral bleaching occurs when coral polyps expel algae that live inside their tissues.
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Criticisms of Marxism
Criticisms of Marxism have come from various political ideologies and academic disciplines.
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Criticisms of socialism
Criticism of socialism refers to any critique of socialist models of economic organization and their feasibility as well as the political and social implications of adopting such a system.
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Danish cooperative movement
The Danish cooperative movement (Danish: Andelsbevægelsen) was a cooperative movement with profound influence on the economical, organizational and industrial development of Denmark from the 1790s to the 1960s.
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Deadweight loss
A deadweight loss, also known as excess burden or allocative inefficiency, is a loss of economic efficiency that can occur when equilibrium for a good or a service is not achieved.
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Debt-to-GDP ratio
In economics, the debt-to-GDP ratio is the ratio between a country's government debt (a cumulative amount) and its gross domestic product (GDP) (measured in years).
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Democratic response to 2006 State of the Union address
The response to the 2006 State of the Union Address was delivered by Virginia Governor Tim Kaine on January 31, 2006, after United States President George W. Bush delivered his 2006 State of the Union address.
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Discounts and allowances
Discounts and allowances are reductions to a basic price of goods or services.
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Distortion (economics)
A distortion is "any departure from the ideal of perfect competition that therefore interferes with economic agents maximizing social welfare when they maximize their own".
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Domestic policy of the George W. Bush administration
This article discusses the domestic policy of the George W. Bush administration.
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Economic democracy
Economic democracy is a socioeconomic philosophy that proposes to shift decision-making power from corporate managers and corporate shareholders to a larger group of public stakeholders that includes workers, customers, suppliers, neighbors and the broader public.
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Economic rent
In economics, economic rent is any payment to an owner or factor of production in excess of the costs needed to bring that factor into production.
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Effective demand
In economics, effective demand (ED) in a market is the demand for a product or service which occurs when purchasers are constrained in a different market.
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Elasticity (economics)
In economics, elasticity is the measurement of how an economic variable responds to a change in another.
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Energy modeling
Energy modeling or energy system modeling is the process of building computer models of energy systems in order to analyze them.
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English contract law
English contract law is a body of law regulating contracts in England and Wales.
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Envelope theorem
The envelope theorem is a result about the differentiability properties of the objective function of a parameterized optimization problem.
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Excess supply
In economics, an excess supply or economic surplus is a situation in which the quantity of a good or service supplied is more than the quantity demanded, and the price is above the equilibrium level determined by supply and demand.
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Fei–Ranis model of economic growth
The Fei–Ranis model of economic growth is a dualism model in developmental economics or welfare economics that has been developed by John C. H. Fei and Gustav Ranis and can be understood as an extension of the Lewis model.
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Finances of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Finances of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) are similar to other non-profit and religious organizations, in that their funding comes from the donations of its members and the principal expense is in constructing and maintaining facilities.
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Fiscal policy of the United States
Fiscal policy is considered any changes the government makes to the national budget in order to influence a nation's economy.
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Foundations of Economic Analysis
Foundations of Economic Analysis is a book by Paul A. Samuelson published in 1947 (Enlarged ed., 1983) by Harvard University Press.
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Fourth National Government of New Zealand
The Fourth National Government of New Zealand (also known as the Bolger–Shipley Government) was the government of New Zealand from 2 November 1990 to 27 November 1999.
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Frank P. Ramsey
Frank Plumpton Ramsey (22 February 1903 – 19 January 1930) was a British philosopher, mathematician and economist who made fundamental contributions to abstract algebra before his death at the age of 26.
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Free market
In economics, a free market is an idealized system in which the prices for goods and services are determined by the open market and consumers, in which the laws and forces of supply and demand are free from any intervention by a government, price-setting monopoly, or other authority.
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Gains from trade
In economics, gains from trade are the net benefits to economic agents from being allowed an increase in voluntary trading with each other.
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George Deukmejian
Courken George Deukmejian Jr. (June 6, 1928 – May 8, 2018), in Armenian Ջորջ Դոքմեջյան, in Western Armenian Ճորճ Տէօքմէճեան was an American politician who was the 35th Governor of California from 1983 to 1991 and Attorney General of California from 1979 to 1983.
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Globalization and women in China
The study of the impact of globalization on women in China examines the role and status of Chinese women relative to the political and cultural changes that have taken place in the 20th century as a consequence of globalization.
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Glossary of economics
Most of the terms listed in Wikipedia glossaries are already defined and explained within Wikipedia itself.
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Google Book Search Settlement Agreement
The Google Book Search Settlement Agreement was a proposal between the Authors Guild, the Association of American Publishers, and Google in the settlement of ''Authors Guild et al. v. Google'', a class action lawsuit alleging copyright infringement on the part of Google.
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Government Pension Fund of Norway
The Government Pension Fund of Norway comprises two entirely separate sovereign wealth funds owned by the government of Norway.
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Habitants
Habitants were French settlers and the inhabitants of French origin who farmed the land along the two shores of the St. Lawrence River and Gulf in what is the present-day Province of Quebec in Canada.
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History of accounting
The history of accounting or accountancy is thousands of years old and can be traced to ancient civilizations.
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Index of economics articles
This aims to be a complete article list of economics topics.
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Indian tax forms
Indian tax forms are used to document information in compliance with the Income Tax Act of 1961 and in accordance with the Income Tax Rules (codified in 1962), which govern the process of filing income tax returns in India.
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International rankings of Iran
The following are international rankings for Iran.
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Jon Singleton (accountant)
Jon Singleton is a public servant in Manitoba, Canada.
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Jules Dupuit
Arsène Jules Étienne Juvenel Dupuit (18 May 1804 – 5 September 1866) was an Italian-born French civil engineer and economist.
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Julia Carson
Julia May Carson (July 8, 1938 – December 15, 2007), born Julia May Porter, was a member of the United States House of Representatives for from 1997 until her death in 2007 (numbered as the 10th District from 1997 to 2003).
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Land value tax
A land/location value tax (LVT), also called a site valuation tax, split rate tax, or site-value rating, is an ad valorem levy on the unimproved value of land.
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Lewis turning point
The Lewis turning point is a situation in economic development where surplus rural labor reaches a financial zero.
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List of countries by government budget
The list is mainly based on CIA World Factbook for the year 2016.
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Long tail
In statistics and business, a long tail of some distributions of numbers is the portion of the distribution having a large number of occurrences far from the "head" or central part of the distribution.
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Luigi Pasinetti
Luigi L. Pasinetti (born September 12, 1930) is an Italian economist of the post-Keynesian school.
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Marginal cost
In economics, marginal cost is the change in the opportunity cost that arises when the quantity produced is incremented by one unit, that is, it is the cost of producing one more unit of a good.
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Marginal cost of public funds
The marginal cost of public funds (MCF) is a concept in public finance which measures the loss incurred by society in raising additional revenues to finance government spending due to the distortion of resource allocation caused by taxation.
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Marginal propensity to consume
In economics, the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) is a metric that quantifies induced consumption, the concept that the increase in personal consumer spending (consumption) occurs with an increase in disposable income (income after taxes and transfers).
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Minimum wage
A minimum wage is the lowest remuneration that employers can legally pay their workers.
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Mitch Daniels
Mitchell Elias Daniels Jr. (born April 7, 1949) is an American academic administrator, businessman, author, and retired politician who served as the 49th Governor of Indiana, from 2005 to 2013, and a Republican.
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Monopoly
A monopoly (from Greek μόνος mónos and πωλεῖν pōleîn) exists when a specific person or enterprise is the only supplier of a particular commodity.
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Monopoly Capital
Monopoly Capital: An Essay on the American Economic and Social Order is a book by Paul Sweezy and Paul A. Baran published in 1966 by Monthly Review Press.
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Monopsony
In economics, a monopsony (from Ancient Greek μόνος (mónos) "single" + ὀψωνία (opsōnía) "purchase") is a market structure in which only one buyer interacts with many would-be sellers of a particular product.
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Naked Imperialism
Naked Imperialism: The U.S. Pursuit of Global Dominance is a 2006 book by John Bellamy Foster.
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Neo-Marxian economics
The terms neo-Marxian, post-Marxian and radical political economics were first used to refer to a distinct tradition of economic thought in the 1970s and 1980s.
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Net neutrality
Net neutrality is the principle that Internet service providers treat all data on the Internet equally, and not discriminate or charge differently by user, content, website, platform, application, type of attached equipment, or method of communication.
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NewBridge Bank
NewBridge Bank was a banking company based in Greensboro, North Carolina, with locations in North Carolina and Virginia.
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Nonprofit organization
A non-profit organization (NPO), also known as a non-business entity or non-profit institution, is dedicated to furthering a particular social cause or advocating for a shared point of view.
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Operating surplus
Operating surplus is an accounting concept used in national accounts statistics (such as United Nations System of National Accounts (UNSNA)) and in corporate and government accounts.
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Option value (cost–benefit analysis)
In cost–benefit analysis and social welfare economics, the term option value refers to the value that is placed on private willingness to pay for maintaining or preserving a public asset or service even if there is little or no likelihood of the individual actually ever using it.
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Oregon tax rebate
The Oregon tax rebate, commonly referred to as the kicker, is a rebate calculated for both individual and corporate taxpayers in the U.S. state of Oregon when a revenue surplus exists.
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Outline of economics
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to economics: Economics – analyzes the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.
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Paul A. Baran
Paul Alexander Baran (25 August 1909 – 26 March 1964) was an American Marxist economist.
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Paul Sweezy
Paul Marlor Sweezy (April 10, 1910 – February 27, 2004) was a Marxian economist, political activist, publisher, and founding editor of the long-running magazine Monthly Review.
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Perfect competition
In economics, specifically general equilibrium theory, a perfect market is defined by several idealizing conditions, collectively called perfect competition.
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Perspectives on capitalism by school of thought
Throughout modern history, a variety of perspectives on capitalism have evolved based on different schools of thought.
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Price discrimination
Price discrimination is a microeconomic pricing strategy where identical or largely similar goods or services are transacted at different prices by the same provider in different markets.
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Price fixing
Price fixing is an agreement between participants on the same side in a market to buy or sell a product, service, or commodity only at a fixed price, or maintain the market conditions such that the price is maintained at a given level by controlling supply and demand.
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Price floor
A price floor is a government- or group-imposed price control or limit on how low a price can be charged for a product.
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Price skimming
Price skimming is a pricing strategy in which a marketer sets a relatively high initial price for a product or service at first, then lowers the price over time.
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Price support
In economics, a price support may be either a subsidy or a price control, both with the intended effect of keeping the market price of a good higher than the competitive equilibrium level.
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Pricing
Pricing is the process whereby a business sets the price at which it will sell its products and services, and may be part of the business's marketing plan.
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Principles of Economics (Marshall)
Principles of Economics is a leading political economy or economics textbook of Alfred Marshall (1842–1924), first published in 1890.
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Profit (economics)
In economics, profit in the accounting sense of the excess of revenue over cost is the sum of two components: normal profit and economic profit.
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Public economics
Public economics (or economics of the public sector) is the study of government policy through the lens of economic efficiency and equity.
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Reservation price
Reservation (or reserve) price is a limit on the price of a good or a service.
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Scarcity value
Scarcity value is the economic factor that increases an item's relative price based more upon its relatively low supply.
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Shoemaking
Shoemaking is the process of making footwear.
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Shopping
Shopping is an activity in which a customer browses the available goods or services presented by one or more retailers with the potential intent to purchase a suitable selection of them.
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Shortage
In economics, a shortage or excess demand is a situation in which the demand for a product or service exceeds its supply in a market.
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Social return on investment
Social return on investment (SROI) is a principles-based method for measuring extra-financial value (i.e., environmental and social value not currently reflected in conventional financial accounts) relative to resources invested.
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Supply and demand
In microeconomics, supply and demand is an economic model of price determination in a market.
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Surplus
Surplus may refer to.
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Surplus economics
Surplus economics is the study of economics based upon the concept that economies operate on the basis of the production of a surplus over basic needs.
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Surplus labour
Surplus labour (German: Mehrarbeit) is a concept used by Karl Marx in his critique of political economy.
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Surplus product
Surplus product (German: Mehrprodukt) is an economic concept explicitly theorised by Karl Marx in his critique of political economy.
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Surplus value
Surplus value is a central concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy.
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Sustainable yield
The sustainable yield of natural capital is the ecological yield that can be extracted without reducing the base of capital itself, i.e. the surplus required to maintain ecosystem services at the same or increasing level over time.
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Tariff
A tariff is a tax on imports or exports between sovereign states.
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Tax incidence
In economics, tax incidence or tax burden is the analysis of the effect of a particular tax on the distribution of economic welfare.
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Tax wedge
The tax wedge is the deviation from the equilibrium price/quantity (P^* and Q^*, respectively) as a result of the taxation of a good.
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Terje Søviknes
Terje Søviknes (born 28 February 1969) is a Norwegian politician for the Progress Party who has served as the Minister of Petroleum and Energy since December 2016.
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Tesla, Inc.
Tesla, Inc. (formerly Tesla Motors) was founded in 2003, and is an American multinational corporation based in Palo Alto, California, that specializes in electric vehicles, lithium-ion battery energy storage and solar panel manufacturing (through the subsidiary company SolarCity).
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The Class Struggle in the Ancient Greek World
The Class Struggle in the Ancient Greek World from the Archaic Age to the Arab Conquests is a 1981 book by the British classical historian G. E. M. de Ste. Croix, a fellow of New College, Oxford.
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The Great Stagnation
The Great Stagnation: How America Ate All the Low-Hanging Fruit of Modern History, Got Sick, and Will (Eventually) Feel Better is a pamphlet by Tyler Cowen published in 2011.
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Thomas McIlwraith
Sir Thomas McIlwraith (17 May 1835 – 17 July 1900) was for many years the dominant figure of colonial politics in Queensland.
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Thomas Robert Malthus
Thomas Robert Malthus (13 February 1766 – 23 December 1834) was an English cleric and scholar, influential in the fields of political economy and demography.
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Tommy Douglas
Thomas Clement Douglas (20 October 1904 – 24 February 1986) was a Canadian democratic socialist politician and Baptist minister.
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Trade
Trade involves the transfer of goods or services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money.
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Two-part tariff
A two-part tariff (TPT) is a pricing technique in which the price of a product or service is composed of two parts - a lump-sum fee as well as a per-unit charge.
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V. Gordon Childe
Vere Gordon Childe (14 April 1892 – 19 October 1957), better known as V. Gordon Childe, was an Australian archaeologist and philologist who specialized in the study of European prehistory.
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Value of time
In transport economics, the value of time is the opportunity cost of the time that a traveler spends on his/her journey.
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Value-added tax
A value-added tax (VAT), known in some countries as a goods and services tax (GST), is a type of tax that is assessed incrementally, based on the increase in value of a product or service at each stage of production or distribution.
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Veblen good
Veblen goods are types of luxury goods for which the quantity demanded increases as the price increases, an apparent contradiction of the law of demand.
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Virginia ballot measures, 1992
The 1992 Virginia State Elections took place on Election Day, November 3, 1992, the same day as the U.S. Presidential and the U.S. House elections in the state.
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Welfare (disambiguation)
Welfare is the provision of a safety net of minimal level of well-being and social support for all citizens.
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Welfare cost of business cycles
In macroeconomics, the cost of business cycles is the decrease in social welfare, if any, caused by business cycle fluctuations.
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Welfare economics
Welfare economics is a branch of economics that uses microeconomic techniques to evaluate well-being (welfare) at the aggregate (economy-wide) level.
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Wheat
Wheat is a grass widely cultivated for its seed, a cereal grain which is a worldwide staple food.
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Williamson trade-off model
The Williamson trade-off model is a theoretical model in the economics of industrial organization which emphasizes the trade-off associated with horizontal mergers between gains resulting from lower costs of production and the losses associated with higher prices due to greater degree of monopoly power.
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2012 Australian federal budget
The 2012 Australian federal budget for the Australian financial year ended 30 June 2013 was presented on 8 May 2012 by the Treasurer of Australia, Wayne Swan, the fifth federal budget presented by Swan, and the second budget of the Gillard Government.
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Redirects here:
Consumer Surplus, Consumer and producer surplus, Consumer surplus, Consumer's Surplus, Consumer's surplus, Consumers surplus, Consumers' Surplus, Consumers' surplus, Marshallian surplus, Producer Surplus, Producer surplus, Producer's Surplus, Producer's surplus, Producers surplus, Producers' Surplus, Producers' surplus, Rule of one-half, Social surplus, Surplus (economics).
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_surplus
