Communication

487 relations: Aboriginal child protection, Academic detailing, ACP Smart Medicine, Acupuncture, Addiction, Adherence management coaching, Adolescent health, Adrian Smith (statistician), Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics, Advanced practice registered nurse, Adverse effect, Alcoholism, Alessandro Liberati, Allan S. Detsky, Allopathic medicine, AllTrials, Alternative cancer treatments, Alternative medicine, Alternative therapies for developmental and learning disabilities, Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine, American Group Psychotherapy Association, Andrew Weil, Anna Donald, Anne Anderson (researcher), Anthroposophic medicine, Antibiotic-associated diarrhea, Antihypertensive drug, Antimicrobial stewardship, Apheresis, Aphrodisiac, Apitherapy, Apple cider vinegar, Ara Darzi, Baron Darzi of Denham, Archie Cochrane, Aromatherapy, Association of American Physicians and Surgeons, Atenolol, Attachment disorder, Attachment therapy, Attachment-based therapy (children), Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder management, Auriculotherapy, Avanur, Bandolier (journal), Beckley Foundation, Bee, Benjamin Spock, Best Practice & Research: Clinical Rheumatology, Bestbets, Bioidentical hormone replacement therapy, ..., Blinded experiment, Blood, Bloodletting, Bradford Hill criteria, Breast cancer awareness, Breast cancer classification, Breast self-examination, British Journal of Sports Medicine, British Thoracic Society, Britt Marie Hermes, Callous and unemotional traits, Cameroon, Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Cancer, Cardiovascular & pulmonary physiotherapy, Case report, Causes of autism, Cello scrotum, Cenikor Foundation, Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, Centro Studi GISED, Charlie Baker, Children's Day Hospital, Chiropractic, Choosing Wisely Canada, Chris Silagy, Chronic condition, Chronic Lyme disease, Chu Ke-liang, Clinical audit, Clinical decision support system, Clinical pathway, Cochrane (organisation), Cochrane Library, Cognitive bias modification, CommonGround (software), Conard House, Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials, Consumers United for Evidence-based Healthcare, Contemporary reaction to Ignaz Semmelweis, Conventional wisdom, Couples therapy, COX-2 inhibitor, Crataegus monogyna, Cricoid pressure, Critical appraisal, CrossFit, David Franklin (scientist), David Gorski, David Sackett, Deepak Chopra, Defensive medicine, Dental radiography, Discovery and development of triptans, Disease, Disease registry, Dodo bird verdict, Donald Berwick, Door-to-balloon, Drummond Rennie, Eat Smart, Move More, Weigh Less, EBID, EBM, Edward Tobinick, Edzard Ernst, Effects of long-term benzodiazepine use, Elastic therapeutic tape, Electroacupuncture, Eleutherococcus senticosus, Elevated alpha-fetoprotein, Elina Hemminki, Elizabeth Nabel, EMBRACE Healthcare Reform Plan, Emergency medical personnel in the United Kingdom, Emergency Medicine Reform in Ukraine since 2016, Emotional Freedom Techniques, Empiric therapy, Epidemiological method, Epidemiology of autism, Epilepsy, Equine-assisted therapy, Essure, Evidence (disambiguation), Evidence-based conservation, Evidence-based dentistry, Evidence-based design, Evidence-based education, Evidence-based legislation, Evidence-based management, Evidence-based medical ethics, Evidence-based pharmacy in developing countries, Evidence-based policing, Evidence-based policy, Evidence-based practice, Evidence-based research, Evidence-based toxicology, Evidence-based Toxicology Collaboration, Evidence-Based Veterinary Medicine Association, EvidenceNetwork.ca, Faith healing, Feldenkrais Method, Forensic epidemiology, Forskolin, Framingham Heart Study, Franklin White, Friends of Science in Medicine, Functional medicine, Futile medical care, FUTON bias, Gary Null, Günter Ollenschläger, General medical examination, Genital wart, Georges De Moor, German Agency for Quality in Medicine, German Network for Evidence Based Medicine, Germanium, Gerontechnology, Gestational diabetes, Glyn Elwyn, Gold standard (test), Gordon Guyatt, Grape seed extract, Grey literature, Guidelines International Network, Hand strength, Harald Walach, Harold G. Koenig, Health care, Health freedom movement, Health Information and Quality Authority, Health information on the Internet, Healthcare error proliferation model, Healthcare Improvement Scotland, Healthcare in China, Healthcare reform debate in the United States, HealthWatch, Heavy metal detoxification, Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, Hierarchy of evidence, History of alternative medicine, History of chiropractic, History of medicine, HIV/AIDS in China, Homeopathy, Hospital accreditation, Hypocognition, Hypothermia therapy for neonatal encephalopathy, Iatrogenesis, Idiosyncrasy, ILabs, Impacted wisdom teeth, Improvement Science Research Network, IMRAD, Index of health articles, Infant crying, Infections associated with diseases, Information metabolism, Informationist, International Diabetes Center at Park Nicollet, International emergency medicine, International healthcare accreditation, Intervention mapping, Intuitive statistics, IPS Supported Employment, Iridology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, J. J. Leeming, J. Michael McGinnis, Jan Hajek (scientist), Jean Civiale, Jeremy Howick, John Dwyer (medicine), John Roberton (1797), Joint Commission, Joint Royal Colleges Ambulance Liaison Committee, Jon Sudbø, Journal club, Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, Kameshwar Prasad, Ken Harvey (professor), Ketogenic diet, Klub Sceptyków Polskich, Knowledge transfer, Kombucha, Laxative, Learning health systems, Leon Eisenberg, Levels of evidence, Likelihood ratios in diagnostic testing, Lipid-lowering agent, List of addiction and substance abuse organizations, List of alumni of Wesley College, Melbourne, List of books about skepticism, List of citizen science projects, List of common misconceptions, List of McMaster University people, List of medical abbreviations: E, List of MeSH codes (G02), List of Muslim doctors, List of Old Uppinghamians, List of people associated with University College London, List of topics characterized as pseudoscience, Loretta Marron, Louis Aronne, Lucozade, MammaPrint, Managed care, Management of acute coronary syndrome, Management of cerebral palsy, Management of multiple sclerosis, Manual therapy, Marci Hamilton, Maria V. Pospelova-Shtrom, Market access, Mass deworming, Maudsley family therapy, McMaster University, Measles, Medical abortion, Medical algorithm, Medical consensus, Medical education in Australia, Medical guideline, Medical home, Medical intuitive, Medical literature, Medical literature retrieval, Medical model, Medical necessity, Medical tourism agent, Medical toxicology, Medicare Quality Cancer Care Demonstration Act, Medicine, Medicine (Elsevier journal), Medicine in the medieval Islamic world, Meditech, MEDLINE, Megavitamin therapy, Melvin Sabshin, Meta-analysis, Metagenomics: An Alternative Approach to Genomics, Metal toxicity, Metastasectomy, Michael B. Bracken, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine at McMaster University, Michael Klaper, Misophonia, Molecular pathological epidemiology, Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi, Muir Gray, Muscle relaxant, Myofascial trigger point, National & Gulf Center for Evidence Based Health Practice, National Association for Chiropractic Medicine, National Breast Cancer Coalition, National Council Against Health Fraud, National Guideline Clearinghouse, National Institute of Nursing Research, Natural Standard, Naturalistic fallacy, Naturopathy, Nei guan, Nerve allograft, Neuro-linguistic programming, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Number needed to harm, Nurse-led clinic, Nurses Improving Care for Healthsystem Elders, Nursing process, Nursing research, Nystagmus, Office of Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Oil of clove, Ontario Shores Centre for Mental Health Sciences, Orthomolecular medicine, Osteomyology, Osteopathic medicine in the United States, Osteopathic Oath, Ottawa ankle rules, Outcomes research, Outline of clinical research, Pain management, Palliative care, Paradigm, Paradigm shift, Paramedics in the United States, Parsemus Foundation, PARTY Program (Prevent Alcohol and Risk Related Trauma in Youth), Patient safety, Patient safety organization, Paul Glasziou, Pay for performance (healthcare), Pediatric Attention Disorders Diagnostic Screener, Percutaneous coronary intervention, Persistent vegetative state, Peter Kranke, Peter Pronovost, PharmFree, Philip D'Arcy Hart, Philosophy of medicine, Philosophy of science, Physician, Phytolacca americana, Pierre Charles Alexandre Louis, Pipeline planning, PLOS Medicine, Pneumothorax, Podiatry, Poly-MVA, Pontifical Xavierian University Faculty of Medicine, Poor Economics, Postcoital test, Pragmatic clinical trial, Precision medicine, Premature ovarian failure, Primary care ethics, Primary spine practitioner, Probability interpretations, Prokarin, Protandim, Psychiatric and mental health nursing, Psychiatric hospital, Psychiatric Rehabilitation Association, Psychotherapy, Public health, Publication bias, Qigong, Quackery, Quackwatch, Quaternary prevention, Raphael M. Bonelli, Rasa shastra, Reactive attachment disorder, Real world evidence, Receiver operating characteristic, Regulation and prevalence of homeopathy, Reiki, Research Council for Complementary Medicine, Resource-based relative value scale, Rhinoceros, Richard Lehman (primary care physician), Ritam Chowdhury, Robert Sears (physician), Robin Mathy, Rocky Mountain University of Health Professions, Rosecrance, Rudolf Tischner, Rural and isolated practice registered nurse, Rutin, SABRE Research UK, Sam Chachoua, Samsung Medical Center, Santiago Medina, Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study, Schizoaffective disorder, Science-Based Medicine, Scientific method, Scott Reuben, Screening (medicine), Sea buckthorn oil, Semyon Korsakov, Serratiopeptidase, Shiatsu, Smallwood Report, Soursop, Sports drink, Statin, Stephen Barrett, Sterilization (microbiology), Stockpiling antiviral medications for pandemic influenza, Strategic environmental assessment, Stretching, Strychnos nux-vomica, Subarachnoid hemorrhage, Suckers (book), Surviving Sepsis Campaign, Susan G. Komen for the Cure, Susan Shur-Fen Gau, Susanna Gregory, Sustainable development, Swank diet, Sydney Medical School, Systematic review, Systemic scleroderma, Tai chi, Taryn Young, TeenScreen, Teesside University, The BMJ, The Greater Good (film), The Institutes for the Achievement of Human Potential, The Joanna Briggs Institute, The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University, TheNNT, Therapeutic touch, Thrombophilia, Tim Kaine, Timeline of healthcare in China, Timeline of healthcare in Germany, Tissue plasminogen activator, Token economy, Traditional western medicine, Traumatic brain injury, Trent Accreditation Scheme, Trip (search engine), Turning Point Alcohol and Drug Centre, Umbilical hernia, Undertreatment of pain, United States Preventive Services Task Force, University of Sharjah, Users' Guides to the Medical Literature, Utilization management, Vereniging tegen de Kwakzalverij, Victor Montori, Virginia v. Cherrix, Viscum album, Vitamin K, Vitex agnus-castus, Walter Spitzer, Water fluoridation, Water ionizer, WebPT, Wesley College, University of Sydney, West China Medical Center of Sichuan University, Western culture, William Silverman, William Winkenwerder Jr., Witch doctor, Withania somnifera, Women's health, World Association of Young Scientists, World Happiness Report, Zeitschrift für Evidenz, Fortbildung und Qualität im Gesundheitswesen, Zynx Health, 8 learning management questions. Expand index (437 more) » « Shrink index

Aboriginal child protection

Aboriginal child protection describes services designed specifically for protection of the children of "aboriginal" or indigenous peoples, particularly where these peoples are a minority within a country.

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Academic detailing

Academic detailing is “university or non-commercial-based educational outreach.” The process involves face-to-face education of prescribers by trained health care professionals, typically pharmacists, physicians, or nurses.

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ACP Smart Medicine

ACP Smart Medicine is an electronic, evidence-based, decision-support tool designed for point-of-care use by internists and other physicians.

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Acupuncture

Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine in which thin needles are inserted into the body.

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Addiction

Addiction is a brain disorder characterized by compulsive engagement in rewarding stimuli despite adverse consequences.

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Adherence management coaching

Adherence management coaching (AdM coaching) is an evidence-based applied behavioral approach for significantly improving patient adherence and reducing unplanned hospital readmissions.

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Adolescent health

Adolescent health, or youth health, is the range of approaches to preventing, detecting or treating young people’s health and well being.

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Adrian Smith (statistician)

Sir Adrian Frederick Melhuish Smith, FRS (born 1946) is a distinguished British statistician and was Principal of Queen Mary, University of London from 1998 to 2008.

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Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics

Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics (ALSO) is a program that was developed by the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP).

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Advanced practice registered nurse

An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is a nurse with post-graduate education in nursing.

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Adverse effect

In medicine, an adverse effect is an undesired harmful effect resulting from a medication or other intervention such as surgery.

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Alcoholism

Alcoholism, also known as alcohol use disorder (AUD), is a broad term for any drinking of alcohol that results in mental or physical health problems.

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Alessandro Liberati

Alessandro Liberati (Genoa, Italy, 27 April 1954 – Bologna, Italy, 1 January 2012) was an Italian healthcare researcher and clinical epidemiologist, and founder of the Italian Cochrane Centre.

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Allan S. Detsky

Allan Steven Detsky is a Canadian physician and health policy expert.

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Allopathic medicine

Allopathic medicine is an expression commonly used to refer to modern scientific systems of medicine, such as the use of pharmacologically active agents or physical interventions to treat or suppress symptoms or pathophysiologic processes of diseases or conditions, by proponents of alternative medicine.

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AllTrials

AllTrials (sometimes called All Trials or AllTrials.net) is a project advocating that clinical research adopt the principles of open research.

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Alternative cancer treatments

Alternative cancer treatments are alternative or complementary treatments for cancer that have not been approved by the government agencies responsible for the regulation of therapeutic goods.

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Alternative medicine

Alternative medicine, fringe medicine, pseudomedicine or simply questionable medicine is the use and promotion of practices which are unproven, disproven, impossible to prove, or excessively harmful in relation to their effect — in the attempt to achieve the healing effects of medicine.--> --> --> They differ from experimental medicine in that the latter employs responsible investigation, and accepts results that show it to be ineffective. The scientific consensus is that alternative therapies either do not, or cannot, work. In some cases laws of nature are violated by their basic claims; in some the treatment is so much worse that its use is unethical. Alternative practices, products, and therapies range from only ineffective to having known harmful and toxic effects.--> Alternative therapies may be credited for perceived improvement through placebo effects, decreased use or effect of medical treatment (and therefore either decreased side effects; or nocebo effects towards standard treatment),--> or the natural course of the condition or disease. Alternative treatment is not the same as experimental treatment or traditional medicine, although both can be misused in ways that are alternative. Alternative or complementary medicine is dangerous because it may discourage people from getting the best possible treatment, and may lead to a false understanding of the body and of science.-->---> Alternative medicine is used by a significant number of people, though its popularity is often overstated.--> Large amounts of funding go to testing alternative medicine, with more than US$2.5 billion spent by the United States government alone.--> Almost none show any effect beyond that of false treatment,--> and most studies showing any effect have been statistical flukes. Alternative medicine is a highly profitable industry, with a strong lobby. This fact is often overlooked by media or intentionally kept hidden, with alternative practice being portrayed positively when compared to "big pharma". --> The lobby has successfully pushed for alternative therapies to be subject to far less regulation than conventional medicine.--> Alternative therapies may even be allowed to promote use when there is demonstrably no effect, only a tradition of use. Regulation and licensing of alternative medicine and health care providers varies between and within countries. Despite laws making it illegal to market or promote alternative therapies for use in cancer treatment, many practitioners promote them.--> Alternative medicine is criticized for taking advantage of the weakest members of society.--! Terminology has shifted over time, reflecting the preferred branding of practitioners.. Science Based Medicine--> For example, the United States National Institutes of Health department studying alternative medicine, currently named National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, was established as the Office of Alternative Medicine and was renamed the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine before obtaining its current name. Therapies are often framed as "natural" or "holistic", in apparent opposition to conventional medicine which is "artificial" and "narrow in scope", statements which are intentionally misleading. --> When used together with functional medical treatment, alternative therapies do not "complement" (improve the effect of, or mitigate the side effects of) treatment.--> Significant drug interactions caused by alternative therapies may instead negatively impact functional treatment, making it less effective, notably in cancer.--> Alternative diagnoses and treatments are not part of medicine, or of science-based curricula in medical schools, nor are they used in any practice based on scientific knowledge or experience.--> Alternative therapies are often based on religious belief, tradition, superstition, belief in supernatural energies, pseudoscience, errors in reasoning, propaganda, fraud, or lies.--> Alternative medicine is based on misleading statements, quackery, pseudoscience, antiscience, fraud, and poor scientific methodology. Promoting alternative medicine has been called dangerous and unethical.--> Testing alternative medicine that has no scientific basis has been called a waste of scarce research resources.--> Critics state that "there is really no such thing as alternative medicine, just medicine that works and medicine that doesn't",--> that the very idea of "alternative" treatments is paradoxical, as any treatment proven to work is by definition "medicine".-->.

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Alternative therapies for developmental and learning disabilities

Alternative therapies for developmental and learning disabilities include a range of practices used in the treatment of dyslexia, ADHD, Asperger syndrome, autism, Down syndrome and other developmental and learning disabilities.

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Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine

Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine is a bimonthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering alternative medical treatments.

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American Group Psychotherapy Association

The American Group Psychotherapy Association (AGPA) is a not-for-profit multi-disciplinary organization dedicated to enhancing the practice, theory and research of group psychotherapy.

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Andrew Weil

Andrew Thomas Weil (born June 8, 1942) is an American celebrity doctor who is a physician, author, spokesperson, and broadly described "guru" of the alternative medical brands: holistic health and integrative medicine, whose name also constitutes an emerging brand of healthcare services and products in these fields.

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Anna Donald

Anastasia Katherine "Anna" Donald (née Courtice; 7 April 1966 – 1 February 2009) was an Australian pioneer in the field of evidence-based medicine as well as an epidemiologist and company director.

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Anne Anderson (researcher)

Anne Barbara Michie Anderson (10 February 1937 – 11 February 1983) was a Scottish reproductive physiologist, researcher, lecturer, and author.

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Anthroposophic medicine

Anthroposophic medicine (or anthroposophical medicine) is a form of alternative medicine.

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Antibiotic-associated diarrhea

Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) results from an imbalance in the colonic microbiota caused by antibiotic therapy.

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Antihypertensive drug

Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure).

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Antimicrobial stewardship

Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) is the systematic effort to educate and persuade prescribers of antimicrobials to follow evidence-based prescribing, in order to stem antibiotic overuse, and thus antimicrobial resistance.

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Apheresis

Apheresis (ἀφαίρεσις (aphairesis, "a taking away")) is a medical technology in which the blood of a person is passed through an apparatus that separates out one particular constituent and returns the remainder to the circulation.The blood is filtered to remove the stem cells.

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Aphrodisiac

An aphrodisiac or love drug is a substance that increases libido when consumed.

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Apitherapy

Apitherapy is a branch of alternative medicine that uses honey bee products, including honey, pollen, propolis, royal jelly and bee venom.

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Apple cider vinegar

Apple cider vinegar is a vinegar made from apples, sugar and yeast.

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Ara Darzi, Baron Darzi of Denham

Ara Wardkes Darzi, Baron Darzi of Denham, (Արա Վարդգես Դարզի; born 7 May 1960) is an Armenian-British doctor and Labour politician.

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Archie Cochrane

Archibald Leman Cochrane CBE (12 January 1909 – 18 June 1988) was a Scottish doctor noted for his book Effectiveness and Efficiency: Random Reflections on Health Services.

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Aromatherapy

Aromatherapy uses plant materials and aromatic plant oils, including essential oils, and other aroma compounds for improving psychological or physical well-being.

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Association of American Physicians and Surgeons

The Association of American Physicians and Surgeons (AAPS) is a politically conservative non-profit association founded in 1943 to "fight socialized medicine and to fight the government takeover of medicine." The group was reported to have approximately 4,000 members in 2005, and 5,000 in 2014.

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Atenolol

Atenolol is a selective β1 receptor antagonist, a drug belonging to the group of beta blockers (sometimes written β-blockers), a class of drugs used primarily in cardiovascular diseases.

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Attachment disorder

Attachment disorder is a broad term intended to describe disorders of mood, behavior, and social relationships arising from a failure to form normal attachments to primary care giving figures in early childhood.

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Attachment therapy

Attachment therapy is a controversial category of alternative child mental health interventions intended to treat attachment disorders.

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Attachment-based therapy (children)

Attachment-based therapy applies to interventions or approaches based on attachment theory, originated by John Bowlby.

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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder management

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder management options are evidence-based practices with established treatment efficacy for ADHD.

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Auriculotherapy

Auriculotherapy (also auricular therapy, ear acupuncture, and auriculoacupuncture) is a form of alternative medicine based on the idea that the ear is a micro system, which reflects the entire body, represented on the auricle, the outer portion of the ear.

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Avanur

Avanur is a village in Thrissur district in the state of Kerala, India.

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Bandolier (journal)

Bandolier was an independent healthcare journal about evidence-based healthcare, written by Oxford University scientists.

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Beckley Foundation

The Beckley Foundation is a UK-based think-tank and UN-accredited NGO, dedicated to activating global drug policy reform and initiating scientific research into psychoactive substances.

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Bee

Bees are flying insects closely related to wasps and ants, known for their role in pollination and, in the case of the best-known bee species, the European honey bee, for producing honey and beeswax.

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Benjamin Spock

Benjamin McLane Spock (May 2, 1903 – March 15, 1998) was an American pediatrician whose book Baby and Child Care (1946) is one of the best-sellers of all time.

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Best Practice & Research: Clinical Rheumatology

Best Practice & Research: Clinical Rheumatology is a medical journal covering evidence-based medicine as applied to clinical practice of musculoskeletal conditions.

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Bestbets

BestBETS (Best Evidence Topic Reports) is a system designed by emergency physicians at Manchester Royal Infirmary, UK.

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Bioidentical hormone replacement therapy

Bioidentical hormone replacement therapy (BHRT), also known as bioidentical hormone therapy or natural hormone therapy, is the use of hormones that are identical on a molecular level with endogenous hormones in hormone replacement therapy.

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Blinded experiment

A blind or blinded-experiment is an experiment in which information about the test is masked (kept) from the participant, to reduce or eliminate bias, until after a trial outcome is known.

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Blood

Blood is a body fluid in humans and other animals that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells.

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Bloodletting

Bloodletting (or blood-letting) is the withdrawal of blood from a patient to prevent or cure illness and disease.

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Bradford Hill criteria

The Bradford Hill criteria, otherwise known as Hill's criteria for causation, are a group of 9 principles, established in 1965 by the English epidemiologist Sir Austin Bradford Hill.

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Breast cancer awareness

Breast cancer awareness is an effort to raise awareness and reduce the stigma of breast cancer through education on symptoms and treatment.

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Breast cancer classification

Breast cancer classification divides breast cancer into categories according to different schemes criteria and serving a different purpose.

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Breast self-examination

Breast self-examination (BSE) is a screening method used in an attempt to detect early breast cancer.

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British Journal of Sports Medicine

The British Journal of Sports Medicine (BJSM) is a peer-reviewed medical journal in the fields of sports science and sports medicine.

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British Thoracic Society

The British Thoracic Society (BTS) was formed in 1982 by the amalgamation of the British Thoracic Association and the Thoracic Society.

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Britt Marie Hermes

Britt Marie Hermes (née Deegan) is an American former naturopathic doctor who became a critic of naturopathy and alternative medicine.

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Callous and unemotional traits

Callous and unemotional traits (CU) are distinguished by a persistent pattern of behavior that reflects a disregard for others, and also a lack of empathy and generally deficient affect.

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Cameroon

No description.

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Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine

The Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine (CCNM) is a private not-for-profit institution located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

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Cancer

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.

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Cardiovascular & pulmonary physiotherapy

Physiotherapists treating patients following uncomplicated coronary artery bypass surgery (also called coronary artery bypass graft surgery, or CABG) surgery continue to use interventions such as deep breathing exercises that are not supported by best available evidence.

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Case report

In medicine, a case report is a detailed report of the symptoms, signs, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of an individual patient.

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Causes of autism

Many causes of autism have been proposed, but understanding of the theory of causation of autism and the other autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is incomplete.

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Cello scrotum

Cello scrotum is a hoax medical condition originally published as a brief case report in the British Medical Journal in 1974.

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Cenikor Foundation

The Cenikor Foundation is a private, not-for-profit behavioral health organization based in Houston, Texas.

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Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine

The Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM) based in the Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences in the University of Oxford is an academic-led centre dedicated to the practice, teaching and dissemination of high quality evidence-based medicine to improve healthcare in everyday clinical practice.

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Centre for Reviews and Dissemination

The Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD) is a health services research centre based at the University of York, England.

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Centro Studi GISED

Centro Studi GISED is an Italian research association with legal personality registered with no.

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Charlie Baker

Charles Duane Baker Jr. (born November 13, 1956) is an American businessman and politician serving as the 72nd and current Governor of Massachusetts, having been sworn into office on January 8, 2015.

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Children's Day Hospital

The Children's Day Hospital, or more properly, the Psychiatric Day Hospital for Children and their Families at 35 Black Prince Road, Vauxhall, London was a South London out-patient resource under the aegis of St Thomas' Hospital and the NHS between 1965 and 1990 when it closed.

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Chiropractic

Chiropractic is a form of alternative medicine mostly concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of mechanical disorders of the musculoskeletal system, especially the spine.

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Choosing Wisely Canada

Choosing Wisely Canada (CWC) is a Canadian-based health education campaign launched on April 2, 2014 under the leadership of Dr.

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Chris Silagy

Christopher Allen Silagy AO (14 September 1960 – 13 December 2001) was an advocate of evidence-based medicine and an evaluator of health care programs.

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Chronic condition

A chronic condition is a human health condition or disease that is persistent or otherwise long-lasting in its effects or a disease that comes with time.

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Chronic Lyme disease

Chronic Lyme disease (not to be confused with Lyme Disease) is a generally rejected diagnosis that encompasses "a broad array of illnesses or symptom complexes for which there is no reproducible or convincing scientific evidence of any relationship to B. burgdorferi'' infection." Despite numerous studies, there is no clinical evidence that "chronic" Lyme disease is caused by a persistent infection.

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Chu Ke-liang

Chu Ke-liang (5 December 194615 May 2017) was a Taiwanese comedian, actor, television show host and singer.

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Clinical audit

Clinical audit is a process that has been defined as "a quality improvement process that seeks to improve patient care and outcomes through systematic review of care against explicit criteria and the implementation of change".

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Clinical decision support system

A clinical decision support system (CDSS) is a health information technology system that is designed to provide physicians and other health professionals with clinical decision support (CDS), that is, assistance with clinical decision-making tasks.

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Clinical pathway

A clinical pathway, also known as care pathway, integrated care pathway, critical pathway, or care map, is one of the main tools used to manage the quality in healthcare concerning the standardisation of care processes.

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Cochrane (organisation)

Cochrane is a non-profit, non-governmental organization formed to organize medical research findings so as to facilitate evidence-based choices about health interventions faced by health professionals, patients, and policy makers.

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Cochrane Library

The Cochrane Library (named after Archie Cochrane) is a collection of databases in medicine and other healthcare specialties provided by Cochrane and other organizations.

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Cognitive bias modification

Cognitive bias modification (CBM) refers to the process of modifying cognitive biases in healthy people and also refers to a growing area of psychological (non-pharmaceutical) therapies for anxiety, depression and addiction called cognitive bias modification therapy (CBMT).

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CommonGround (software)

CommonGround is a Web app that helps mental health clients identify treatment preferences and effectively communicate them to clinicians.

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Conard House

Conard House is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization based in the SoMa arts district of San Francisco, working to support adults living with serious mental health and medical conditions.

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Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials

CONSORT (Consolidated Standards Of Reporting Trials) encompasses various initiatives developed by the CONSORT Group to alleviate the problems arising from inadequate reporting of randomized controlled trials.

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Consumers United for Evidence-based Healthcare

Consumers United for Evidence-based Healthcare (CUE) is a coalition of health advocacy consumer groups interested in evidence-based healthcare.

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Contemporary reaction to Ignaz Semmelweis

Dr.

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Conventional wisdom

Conventional wisdom is the body of ideas or explanations generally accepted as true by the public and/or by experts in a field.

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Couples therapy

Couple's therapy (also couples' counselling or marriage therapy) attempts to improve romantic relationships and resolve interpersonal conflicts.

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COX-2 inhibitor

Selective COX-2 inhibitors are a type of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that directly targets cyclooxygenase-2, COX-2, an enzyme responsible for inflammation and pain.

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Crataegus monogyna

Crataegus monogyna, known as common hawthorn or single-seeded hawthorn, is a species of hawthorn native to Europe, northwest Africa and western Asia.

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Cricoid pressure

Cricoid pressure, also known by the eponymous name of the Sellick manoeuvre (in American English, Sellick maneuver), is a technique used in endotracheal intubation to reduce the risk of regurgitation.

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Critical appraisal

Critical appraisal is the use of explicit, transparent methods to assess the data in published research, applying the rules of evidence to factors such as internal validity, adherence to reporting standards, conclusions and generalizability.

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CrossFit

CrossFit is a branded fitness regimen created by Greg Glassman and is a registered trademark of CrossFit, Inc.

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David Franklin (scientist)

David Franklin is an American microbiologist and former fellow of Harvard Medical School who while employed by Parke-Davis filed the 1996 whistleblower lawsuit exposing their illegal promotion of Neurontin (gabapentin) for off-label uses.

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David Gorski

David Henry Gorski is an American surgical oncologist, professor of surgery at Wayne State University School of Medicine, and a surgical oncologist at the Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, specializing in breast cancer surgery.

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David Sackett

David Lawrence Sackett, (November 17, 1934 – May 13, 2015) was an American-Canadian medical doctor and a pioneer in evidence-based medicine.

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Deepak Chopra

Deepak Chopra (born October 22, 1946) is an Indian-born American author, public speaker, alternative medicine advocate, and a prominent figure in the New Age movement.

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Defensive medicine

Defensive medicine, also called defensive medical decision making, refers to the practice of recommending a diagnostic test or medical treatment that is not necessarily the best option for the patient, but an option that mainly serves the function to protect the physician against the patient as potential plaintiff.

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Dental radiography

Dental radiographs are commonly called X-rays.

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Discovery and development of triptans

Triptans is a word commonly used for a class of anti-migraine drugs that are selective 5-hydroxytryptamine/serotonin1B/1D (5-HT1B/1D) agonists.

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Disease

A disease is any condition which results in the disorder of a structure or function in an organism that is not due to any external injury.

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Disease registry

Disease or patient registries are collections of secondary data related to patients with a specific diagnosis, condition, or procedure, and they play an important role in post marketing surveillance of pharmaceuticals.

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Dodo bird verdict

The Dodo bird verdict (or Dodo bird conjecture) is a controversial topic in psychotherapy, referring to the claim that all psychotherapies, regardless of their specific components, produce equivalent outcomes.

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Donald Berwick

Donald M. Berwick (born September 9, 1946) is a former Administrator of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS).

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Door-to-balloon

Door-to-balloon is a time measurement in emergency cardiac care (ECC), specifically in the treatment of ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (or STEMI).

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Drummond Rennie

Drummond Rennie is an American nephrologist and high altitude physiologist who is a contributing deputy editor of The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) and an adjunct professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco.

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Eat Smart, Move More, Weigh Less

Eat Smart, Move More, Weigh Less is a 15-week adult weight management program that uses strategies based on evidence for weight loss and/or weight maintenance.

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EBID

EBID may refer to.

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EBM

EBM may stand for.

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Edward Tobinick

Edward Lewis Tobinick is an American physician who is known for the study and promotion of etanercept as a potential off-label treatment for neurological disorders.

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Edzard Ernst

Edzard Ernst (born 30 January 1948) is an academic physician and researcher specializing in the study of complementary and alternative medicine.

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Effects of long-term benzodiazepine use

The effects of long-term benzodiazepine use include drug dependence as well as the possibility of adverse effects on cognitive function, physical health, and mental health.

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Elastic therapeutic tape

Elastic therapeutic tape, also called kinesiology tape, Kinesio tape, k-tape, or KT,; is an elastic cotton strip with an acrylic adhesive that is used with the intent of treating pain and disability from athletic injuries and a variety of other physical disorders.

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Electroacupuncture

Electroacupuncture is a form of acupuncture where a small electric current is passed between pairs of acupuncture needles.

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Eleutherococcus senticosus

Eleutherococcus senticosus is a species of small, woody shrub in the family Araliaceae native to Northeastern Asia.

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Elevated alpha-fetoprotein

Elevated alpha-fetoprotein refers to a state where alpha-fetoprotein levels are outside of the reference range.

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Elina Hemminki

Kirsti Elina Hemminki (born August 22, 1948) is a Finnish academic who was trained in medicine and public health.

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Elizabeth Nabel

Elizabeth Nabel is an American cardiologist and the current President of Harvard-affiliated Brigham and Women's Health Care, Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School, and Chief Health and Medical Adviser to the National Football League.

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EMBRACE Healthcare Reform Plan

The Expanding Medical and Behavioral Resources with Access to Care for Everyone (EMBRACE) plan is a healthcare system reform proposal introduced by a group called Healthcare Professionals for Healthcare Reform (HPfHR).

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Emergency medical personnel in the United Kingdom

Emergency medical personnel in the United Kingdom are people engaged in the provision of emergency medical services and this includes paramedics, emergency medical technicians and emergency care assistants.

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Emergency Medicine Reform in Ukraine since 2016

Emergency Medicine Reform in Ukraine is a part of Ukrainian Health Reform from 2016 till now.

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Emotional Freedom Techniques

Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) is a form of counseling intervention that draws on various theories of alternative medicine including acupuncture, neuro-linguistic programming, energy medicine, and Thought Field Therapy (TFT).

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Empiric therapy

Empiric therapy or empirical therapy is therapy based on experience and, more specifically, therapy begun on the basis of a clinical educated guess in the absence of complete or perfect information.

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Epidemiological method

The science of epidemiology has matured significantly from the times of Hippocrates, Semmelweis and John Snow.

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Epidemiology of autism

The epidemiology of autism is the study of the incidence and distribution of autism spectrum disorders (ASD).

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Epilepsy

Epilepsy is a group of neurological disorders characterized by epileptic seizures.

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Equine-assisted therapy

Equine-assisted therapy (EAT) encompasses a range of treatments that involve activities with horses and other equines to promote human physical and mental health.

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Essure

Essure is a device for female sterilization.

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Evidence (disambiguation)

Evidence, in its broadest sense includes everything that is used to determine or demonstrate the truth of an assertion.

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Evidence-based conservation

Evidence-based conservation is the application of evidence in conservation management actions and policy making.

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Evidence-based dentistry

Evidence-based dentistry (EBD) uses current scientific evidence to guide decision-making in dentistry.

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Evidence-based design

Evidence-based design, or EBD, is defined as the process of basing decisions about the built environment on credible research to achieve the best possible outcomes.

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Evidence-based education

Evidence-based education is an approach to all aspects of education—from policy-making to classroom practice—where that is based on randomized trials, as with the testing of new drugs in evidence-based medicine.

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Evidence-based legislation

Evidence-based legislation (EBL) calls for the use of the best available scientific evidence and systematically collected data, when available, by legislatures as a basis for their formulation and writing of law.

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Evidence-based management

Evidence-based management (EBMgt) is an emerging movement to explicitly use the current, best evidence in management and decision-making.

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Evidence-based medical ethics

Evidence-based medical ethics is a form of medical ethics that uses knowledge from ethical principles, legal precedent, and evidence-based medicine to draw solutions to ethical dilemmas in the health care field.

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Evidence-based pharmacy in developing countries

Many developing nations have developed national drug policies, a concept that has been actively promoted by the WHO.

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Evidence-based policing

Evidence-Based Policing (EBP) is an approach to policy making and tactical decision-making for police departments.

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Evidence-based policy

Evidence-based policy is a term often applied in multiple fields of public policy to refer to situations whereby policy decisions are informed by rigorously established objective evidence.

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Evidence-based practice

Evidence-based practice (EBP) is an interdisciplinary approach to clinical practice that has been gaining ground following its formal introduction in 1992.

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Evidence-based research

Evidence-based research (EBR) is "the use of prior research in a systematic and transparent way to inform a new study so that it is answering questions that matter in a valid, efficient and accessible manner".

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Evidence-based toxicology

The discipline of evidence-based toxicology (EBT) strives to transparently, consistently, and objectively assess available scientific evidence in order to answer questions in toxicology, the study of the adverse effects of chemical, physical, or biological agents on living organisms and the environment, including the prevention and amelioration of such effects.

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Evidence-based Toxicology Collaboration

The non-profit Evidence-based Toxicology Collaboration (EBTC) comprises a group of scientists and experts with ties to governmental and non-governmental agencies, chemical and pharmaceutical companies, and academia that have banded together to promote the use of what are known as “evidence-based approaches” in toxicology.

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Evidence-Based Veterinary Medicine Association

The Evidence-Based Veterinary Medicine Association (EBVMA) is an international, non-profit (501(c)3) professional organization founded with the mission of better organizing the emerging veterinary research, training, and practice of evidence-based veterinary medicine (EBVM) — the formal strategy to integrate the best critically designed and statistically evaluated research available combined with clinical expertise as well as the unique needs or wishes of each client in clinical practice.

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EvidenceNetwork.ca

EvidenceNetwork.ca creates media content on public policy topics for publication in the mainstream media and links journalists with policy experts to provide access to non-partisan, evidence-based information.

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Faith healing

Faith healing is the practice of prayer and gestures (such as laying on of hands) that are believed by some to elicit divine intervention in spiritual and physical healing, especially the Christian practice.

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Feldenkrais Method

The Feldenkrais Method is a type of exercise therapy devised by Moshé Feldenkrais (1904–1984).

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Forensic epidemiology

The discipline of forensic epidemiology (FE) is a hybrid of principles and practices common to both forensic medicine and epidemiology.

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Forskolin

Forskolin (coleonol) is a labdane diterpene that is produced by the Indian Coleus plant (Plectranthus barbatus).

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Framingham Heart Study

The Framingham Heart Study is a long-term, ongoing cardiovascular cohort study on residents of the city of Framingham, Massachusetts.

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Franklin White

Franklin Marshall Matthews White (born 1946) is a Canadian public health scientist focused on capacity building for international and global education, research and development.

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Friends of Science in Medicine

The Friends of Science In Medicine (FSM) is an Australian association which supports evidence-based medicine and strongly opposes the promotion and practice of unsubstantiated therapies that lack a scientifically plausible rationale.

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Functional medicine

Functional medicine is a form of alternative medicine which proponents say focuses on interactions between the environment and the gastrointestinal, endocrine, and immune systems, but opponents have described it as "pseudoscientific silliness" and quackery.

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Futile medical care

Futile medical care is the continued provision of medical care or treatment to a patient when there is no reasonable hope of a cure or benefit.

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FUTON bias

FUTON bias is a term for the tendency of scholars to cite academic journals with open access—that is, journals that make their full text available on the Internet without charge—in preference to toll-access publications.

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Gary Null

Gary Michael Null (born 1945) is an American talk radio host and author who advocates for alternative medicine and naturopathy and who produces a line of dietary supplements.

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Günter Ollenschläger

Günter Ollenschläger (born 3 March 1951 in Bonn) is a German physician, medical editor, and professor of internal medicine and clinical decision making at the University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine.

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General medical examination

The general medical examination is a common form of preventive medicine involving visits to a general practitioner by well feeling adults on a regular basis.

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Genital wart

Genital warts are a sexually transmitted infection caused by certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV).

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Georges De Moor

Professor Georges J. E. De Moor (born 25 August 1953, Ostend, Belgium) is a Belgian MD and head of the Department of Health Informatics and Medical Statistics of the University of Ghent (Ghent).

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German Agency for Quality in Medicine

The German Agency for Quality in Medicine (AEZQ) - in German "Ärztliches Zentrum für Qualität in der Medizin (ÄZQ)", established in 1995 and located in Berlin, co-ordinates healthcare quality programmes with special focus on evidence-based medicine, medical guidelines, patient empowerment, patient safety programs, and quality management.

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German Network for Evidence Based Medicine

The German Network for Evidence based Medicine (in German: Deutsches Netzwerk Evidenzbasierte Medizin DNEbM) is a scientific nonprofit association of individuals and institutions promoting the quality of patient care and disease prevention by applying the principles of evidence-based healthcare (EbHC) - in special dentistry (EbD), medicine (EbM), nursing (EbN), pharmacy, physiotherapy - in the countries of German language.

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Germanium

Germanium is a chemical element with symbol Ge and atomic number 32.

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Gerontechnology

Gerontechnology is an interdisciplinary academic and professional field combining gerontology and technology.

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Gestational diabetes

Gestational diabetes is a condition in which a woman without diabetes develops high blood sugar levels during pregnancy.

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Glyn Elwyn

Glyn Elwyn is a professor and physician-researcher at The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Dartmouth College, USA, where he directs the Patient Engagement Research Program.

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Gold standard (test)

In medicine and statistics, gold standard test is usually diagnostic test or benchmark that is the best available under reasonable conditions.

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Gordon Guyatt

Gordon Henry Guyatt, MD, MSc, FRCP, OC born November 11, 1953) is a Canadian physician and Distinguished University Professor in the Departments of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact (formerly Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics) and Medicine at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario. He is known for his leadership in evidence-based medicine, a term that first appeared in a single-author paper he published in 1991. Subsequently, a 1992 JAMA article that Guyatt led proved instrumental in bringing the concept of evidence-based medicine to the worlds attention. In 2007, The BMJ launched an international election for the most important contributions to healthcare. Evidence-based medicine came 7th, ahead of the computer and medical imaging. Guyatt’s concerns with the role of the medical system, social justice, and medical reform remain central issues that he promoted in tandem with his medical work. On October 9, 2015, he was named to the Canadian Medical Hall of Fame. ----.

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Grape seed extract

Grape seed extract (GSE) is an industrial derivative of whole grape seeds.

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Grey literature

Grey literature (or gray literature) are materials and research produced by organizations outside of the traditional commercial or academic publishing and distribution channels.

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Guidelines International Network

The Guidelines International Network (G-I-N) is an international scientific association of organisations and individuals interested and involved in development and application of evidence-based guidelines and health care information.

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Hand strength

Hand strength measurements are of interest to study pathology of the hand that involves loss of muscle strength.

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Harald Walach

Harald Walach (born 1957) is Professor for Research Methodology in Complementary Medicine at Viadrina European University Frankfurt (Oder).

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Harold G. Koenig

Harold G. Koenig is a psychiatrist on the faculty of Duke University.

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Health care

Health care or healthcare is the maintenance or improvement of health via the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, illness, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in human beings.

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Health freedom movement

The health freedom movement is a libertarian coalition that opposes regulation of health practices and advocates for increased access to "non-traditional" health care.

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Health Information and Quality Authority

The Health Information and Quality Authority (HIQA) (Irish: An t-Údarás um Fhaisnéis agus Cáilíocht Sláinte) is a statutory, government-funded agency in Ireland which monitors the safety and quality of the healthcare and social care systems.

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Health information on the Internet

Health information on the Internet refers to all communication related to health done on the Internet.

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Healthcare error proliferation model

The healthcare error proliferation model is an adaptation of James Reason’s Swiss Cheese Model designed to illustrate the complexity inherent in the contemporary healthcare delivery system and the attribution of human error within these systems.

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Healthcare Improvement Scotland

Healthcare Improvement Scotland (HIS) is the national healthcare improvement organisation for Scotland.

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Healthcare in China

Healthcare in China consists of both public and private medical institutions and insurance programs.

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Healthcare reform debate in the United States

The healthcare reform debate in the United States has been a political issue focusing upon increasing medical coverage, decreasing costs, insurance reform, and the philosophy of its provision, funding, and government involvement.

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HealthWatch

HealthWatch is a UK charity which promotes evidence-based medicine.

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Heavy metal detoxification

Heavy metal detox, or detoxification, is the removal of metallic toxic substances from the body.

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Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), also known as Osler–Weber–Rendu disease and Osler–Weber–Rendu syndrome, is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder that leads to abnormal blood vessel formation in the skin, mucous membranes, and often in organs such as the lungs, liver, and brain.

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Hierarchy of evidence

Evidence hierarchies reflect the relative authority of various types of biomedical research, which create levels of evidence, or at least levels of methodologies that produce evidence.

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History of alternative medicine

The history of alternative medicine refers to the history of a group of diverse medical practices that were collectively promoted as "alternative medicine" beginning in the 1970s, to the collection of individual histories of members of that group, or to the history of western medical practices that were labeled "irregular practices" by the western medical establishment.

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History of chiropractic

The history of chiropractic began in 1895 when Daniel David Palmer of Iowa performed the first chiropractic adjustment on a partially deaf janitor, Harvey Lillard.

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History of medicine

The history of medicine shows how societies have changed in their approach to illness and disease from ancient times to the present.

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HIV/AIDS in China

Much of the current spread of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in China has been through intravenous drug use and prostitution.

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Homeopathy

Homeopathy or homœopathy is a system of alternative medicine developed in 1796 by Samuel Hahnemann, based on his doctrine of like cures like (similia similibus curentur), a claim that a substance that causes the symptoms of a disease in healthy people would cure similar symptoms in sick people.

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Hospital accreditation

Hospital accreditation has been defined as “A self-assessment and external peer assessment process used by health care organizations to accurately assess their level of performance in relation to established standards and to implement ways to continuously improve”.

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Hypocognition

Hypocognition, in cognitive linguistics, means missing and being unable to communicate cognitive and linguistic representations because there are no words for particular concepts.

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Hypothermia therapy for neonatal encephalopathy

Brain hypothermia, induced by cooling a baby to around 33 °C for three days after birth, is a treatment for hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.

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Iatrogenesis

Iatrogenesis (from the Greek for "brought forth by the healer") refers to any effect on a person resulting from any activity of one or more persons acting as healthcare professionals or promoting products or services as beneficial to health that does not support a goal of the person affected.

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Idiosyncrasy

An idiosyncrasy is an unusual feature of a person (though there are also other uses, see below).

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ILabs

iLabs is a non-profit Milan-based organization pursuing multidisciplinary research on radical extension of human life-span.

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Impacted wisdom teeth

Impacted wisdom teeth (or impacted third molars) are wisdom teeth which do not fully erupt into the mouth because of blockage from other teeth (impaction).

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Improvement Science Research Network

The Improvement Science Research Network (ISRN) (Principal Investigator:, EdD, MS, RN, ANEF, FAAN) is a large-scale academic-practice based healthcare research network that was created to accelerate interprofessional improvement science across multiple healthcare sites.

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IMRAD

In scientific writing, IMRaD (Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion) refers to a common organization structure.

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Index of health articles

Health is the state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and a positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities.

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Infant crying

Infant crying is the crying of infants as a response to an internal or external stimulus.

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Infections associated with diseases

Infections associated with diseases are those that are associated with possible infectious etiologies, that meet the requirements of Koch's postulates.

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Information metabolism

Information metabolism, sometimes referred to as informational metabolism or energetic-informational metabolism, is a psychological theory of interaction between biological organisms and their environment, developed by Polish psychiatrist Antoni Kępiński.

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Informationist

An Informationist (or Information Specialist in Context) provides research and knowledge management services in the context of clinical care or biomedical research.

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International Diabetes Center at Park Nicollet

International Diabetes Center at Park Nicollet (IDC) is a center for diabetes care, research and education located in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States.

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International emergency medicine

International emergency medicine is a subspecialty of emergency medicine that focuses not only on the global practice of emergency medicine but also on efforts to promote the growth of emergency care as a branch of medicine throughout the world.

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International healthcare accreditation

Due to the near-universal desire for safe and good quality healthcare, there is a growing interest in international healthcare accreditation.

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Intervention mapping

Intervention mappingBartholomew Eldridge, L. K., Markham, C. M., Ruiter, R. A. C., Fernàndez, M. E., Kok, G., & Parcel, G. S., 2016.

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Intuitive statistics

Intuitive statistics, or folk statistics, refers to the cognitive phenomenon where organisms use data to make generalizations and predictions about the world.

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IPS Supported Employment

IPS Supported Employment is an evidence-based approach to supported employment for people who have a mental illness.

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Iridology

Iridology (also known as iridodiagnosisCline D; Hofstetter HW; Griffin JR. Dictionary of Visual Science. 4th ed. Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston 1997. or iridiagnosis) is an alternative medicine technique whose proponents claim that patterns, colors, and other characteristics of the iris can be examined to determine information about a patient's systemic health.

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Isfahan University of Medical Sciences

Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) (دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی درمانی اصفهان) is a university specializing in basic medical sciences, clinical science, and health services, located in Isfahan, Iran.

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J. J. Leeming

John Joseph Leeming, (1899 – 1981), BSc, ACGI, FICE, MI Struct E, MI Mun E, F Inst HE, was a British civil engineer and traffic engineer.

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J. Michael McGinnis

James Michael McGinnis (born 12 July 1944) is a physician, epidemiologist, and long-time contributor to national and international health programs and policy, including continuous policy responsibilities for leadership in disease prevention and health promotion through four Administrations (Carter, Reagan, Bush, Clinton).

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Jan Hajek (scientist)

Jan Hajek is a Czech scientist and mathematician, living in the Netherlands.

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Jean Civiale

Jean Civiale (1792–1867) was a French surgeon and urologist, who, in 1832, invented a surgical instrument (the lithotrite) and performed transurethral lithotripsy, the first known minimally invasive surgery, to crush stones inside the bladder without having to open the abdomen (lithotomy).

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Jeremy Howick

Jeremy Howick is a Canadian-born, British residing clinical epidemiologist and philosopher of science.

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John Dwyer (medicine)

John Michael Dwyer, AO (born 9 September 1939) is an Australian doctor, professor of medicine, and public health advocate.

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John Roberton (1797)

John Roberton (20 March 1797 – 24 August 1876) was a Scottish physician and social reformer.

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Joint Commission

The Joint Commission is a United States-based nonprofit tax-exempt 501(c) organization that accredits more than 21,000 US health care organizations and programs.

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Joint Royal Colleges Ambulance Liaison Committee

JRCALC is the Joint Royal Colleges Ambulance Liaison Committee.

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Jon Sudbø

Jon Sudbø (born May 3, 1961) is a Norwegian dentist, physician, and former medical researcher, who was exposed as a scientific fraudster in 2006.

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Journal club

A journal club is a group of individuals who meet regularly to critically evaluate recent articles in the academic literature, such as the scientific literature, medical literature, or philosophy literature.

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Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine

The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering alternative medicine published by Mary Ann Liebert.

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Kameshwar Prasad

Kameshwar Prasad is an Indian neurologist, medical researcher, academic and the head of the department of Neurology at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi (AIIMS), known as a proponent of Evidence-based medicine (EBM) and Evidence-based Healthcare (EBHC).

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Ken Harvey (professor)

Kenneth John (Ken) Harvey AM is an Australian public health doctor, currently adjunct Associate Professor at the School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine at Monash University.

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Ketogenic diet

The ketogenic diet is a high-fat, adequate-protein, low-carbohydrate diet that in medicine is used primarily to treat difficult-to-control (refractory) epilepsy in children.

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Klub Sceptyków Polskich

Klub Sceptyków Polskich or KSP (English: Polish Skeptics Club or Polish Sceptics Club) is a non-profit, non-governmental organisation actively engaged in the promotion of critical thinking, scientific skepticism and scientific methods.

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Knowledge transfer

Knowledge transfer refers to sharing or disseminating of knowledge and providing inputs to problem solving.

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Kombucha

Kombucha (also tea mushroom, Manchurian mushroom, formal name: Medusomyces gisevii) is a variety of fermented, lightly effervescent sweetened black or green tea drinks commonly intended as functional beverages for their supposed health benefits.

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Laxative

Laxatives, purgatives, or aperients are substances that loosen stools and increase bowel movements.

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Learning health systems

Learning health systems (LHS) are healthcare systems in which knowledge generation processes are embedded in daily practice to produce continual improve in care.

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Leon Eisenberg

Leon Eisenberg, (August 8, 1922 – September 15, 2009) was an American child psychiatrist, social psychiatrist and medical educator who "transformed child psychiatry by advocating research into developmental problems" He is credited with a number of "firsts" in medicine and psychiatry - in child psychiatry, autism, and the controversies around autism, randomized clinical trials (RCTs), social medicine, global health, affirmative action, and evidence-based psychiatry.

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Levels of evidence

In medicine, levels of evidence (LoE) are arranged in a ranking system used in evidence-based practices to describe the strength of the results measured in a clinical trial or research study.

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Likelihood ratios in diagnostic testing

In evidence-based medicine, likelihood ratios are used for assessing the value of performing a diagnostic test.

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Lipid-lowering agent

Hypolipidemic agents, or antihyperlipidemic agents, are a diverse group of pharmaceuticals that are used in the treatment of high levels of fats (lipids), such as cholesterol, in the blood (hyperlipidemia).

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List of addiction and substance abuse organizations

An addiction service assists persons (and their families) who are struggling with an addiction to drugs, including alcohol (substance abuse) or other forms of addiction, such as problem gambling and sexual addiction.

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List of alumni of Wesley College, Melbourne

This is a list of notable Old Wesley Collegians, former students of Wesley College, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

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List of books about skepticism

This list of books about skepticism is a skeptic's library of works centered on scientific skepticism, religious skepticism, critical thinking, scientific literacy, and refutation of claims of the paranormal.

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List of citizen science projects

Citizen science projects are activities sponsored by a wide variety of organizations so non-scientists can meaningfully contribute to scientific research.

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List of common misconceptions

This list of common misconceptions corrects erroneous beliefs that are currently widely held about notable topics.

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List of McMaster University people

McMaster University, located in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, is a public research university that was founded in 1887 through funds bequeathed by Canadian Senator, William McMaster.

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List of medical abbreviations: E

Category:Lists of medical abbreviations.

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List of MeSH codes (G02)

The following is a list of the "G" codes for MeSH.

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List of Muslim doctors

A Muslim doctor is a doctor that professes Islam and/or is engaged in the practice of Islamic medicine.

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List of Old Uppinghamians

Alumni of Uppingham School are known as Old Uppinghamians.

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List of people associated with University College London

This is a list of people associated with University College London, including notable staff and alumni associated with the institution.

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List of topics characterized as pseudoscience

This is a list of topics that have, at one point or another in their history, been characterized as pseudoscience by academics or researchers.

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Loretta Marron

Loretta Josephine Marron, OAM (born 16 October 1951) is the Chief Executive Officer of the Australian Friends of Science in Medicine organization.

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Louis Aronne

Louis J. Aronne is an American physician and author who is an obesity medicine specialist.

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Lucozade

Lucozade is a soft drink manufactured by the Japanese company Suntory and marketed as a range of sports and energy drinks.

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MammaPrint

MammaPrint is a prognostic and predictive diagnostic test for early stage breast cancer patients that assess the risk that a tumor will metastasize to other parts of the body.

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Managed care

The term "managed care" or "managed healthcare" is used in the United States to describe a group of activities ostensibly intended to reduce the cost of providing for profit health care while improving the quality of that care ("managed care techniques").

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Management of acute coronary syndrome

Management of acute coronary syndrome is targeted against the effects of reduced blood flow to the afflicted area of the heart muscle, usually because of a blood clot in one of the coronary arteries, the vessels that supply oxygenated blood to the myocardium.

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Management of cerebral palsy

Over time, the approach to cerebral palsy management has shifted away from narrow attempts to fix individual physical problems such as spasticity in a particular limb to making such treatments part of a larger goal of maximizing the person's independence and community engagement.

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Management of multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS).

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Manual therapy

Manual therapy, or manipulative therapy, is a physical treatment primarily used by physical therapists, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, chiropractors, massage therapists, athletic trainers, osteopaths, and osteopathic physicians to treat musculoskeletal pain and disability; it most commonly includes kneading and manipulation of muscles, joint mobilization and joint manipulation.

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Marci Hamilton

Marci Hamilton (born July 22, 1957) is the CEO and Academic Director at CHILD USA, an interdisciplinary think tank to prevent child abuse and neglect.

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Maria V. Pospelova-Shtrom

Maria Vladimirovna Pospelova-Shtrom was a 20th Century parasitologist best known for her work delineating the biology and public health importance of ticks in western Asia and eastern Europe, contributing to the reduction of the incidence of tick-borne diseases, especially tick-borne relapsing fever.

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Market access

Market access for goods means the conditions, tariff and Non-tariff measures (NTMs), set by countries for the entry of specific goods into their markets.

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Mass deworming

Mass deworming, also called preventive chemotherapy, is the process of treating large numbers of people, particularly children, for helminthiasis (for example soil-transmitted helminths (STH)) and schistosomiasis infections in areas with a high prevalence of these conditions.

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Maudsley family therapy

Maudsley family therapy also known as family-based treatment or Maudsley approach, is a family therapy for the treatment of anorexia nervosa devised by Christopher Dare and colleagues at the Maudsley Hospital in London.

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McMaster University

McMaster University (commonly referred to as McMaster or Mac) is a public research university in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

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Measles

Measles is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by the measles virus.

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Medical abortion

A medical abortion is a type of non-surgical abortion in which medication is used to bring about abortion.

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Medical algorithm

A medical algorithm is any computation, formula, statistical survey, nomogram, or look-up table, useful in healthcare.

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Medical consensus

Medical consensus is a public statement on a particular aspect of medical knowledge at the time the statement is made that a representative group of experts agree to be evidence-based and state-of-the-art (state-of-the-science) knowledge.

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Medical education in Australia

Medical education in Australia includes the educational activities involved in the initial and ongoing training of medical practitioners (doctors) in Australia.

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Medical guideline

A medical guideline (also called a clinical guideline or clinical practice line) is a document with the aim of guiding decisions and criteria regarding diagnosis, management, and treatment in specific areas of healthcare.

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Medical home

The medical home, also known as the patient-centered medical home (PCMH), is a team-based health care delivery model led by a health care provider to provide comprehensive and continuous medical care to patients with a goal to obtain maximal health outcomes.

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Medical intuitive

A medical intuitive is an alternative medicine practitioner who claims to use their self-described intuitive abilities to find the cause of a physical or emotional condition through the use of insight rather than modern medicine.

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Medical literature

Medical literature is the scientific literature of medicine: articles in journals and texts in books devoted to the field of medicine.

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Medical literature retrieval

Medical literature retrieval or medical document retrieval is an activity that uses professional methods for medical research papers retrieval, report and other data to improve medicine research and practice.

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Medical model

Medical model is the term coined by psychiatrist R. D. Laing in his The Politics of the Family and Other Essays (1971), for the "set of procedures in which all doctors are trained".

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Medical necessity

Medical necessity is a United States legal doctrine, related to activities which may be justified as reasonable, necessary, and/or appropriate, based on evidence-based clinical standards of care.

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Medical tourism agent

A medical tourism agent (also health tourism provider or medical tourism provider) is an organisation or a company which seeks to bring together a prospective patient with a service provider, usually a hospital or a clinic.

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Medical toxicology

Medical toxicology is a subspecialty of medicine focusing on toxicology and providing the diagnosis, management, and prevention of poisoning and other adverse effects due to medications, occupational and environmental toxicants, and biological agents.

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Medicare Quality Cancer Care Demonstration Act

The United States Medicare Quality Cancer Care Demonstration Act of 2009 is a landmark, national initiative intended to enhance the quality of cancer care, focused on seniors covered by Medicare (approximately 45% of cancer patients are Medicare beneficiaries), while also controlling costs.

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Medicine

Medicine is the science and practice of the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease.

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Medicine (Elsevier journal)

Medicine is a continually updated, evidence-based medical review journal covering internal medicine and its specialties.

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Medicine in the medieval Islamic world

In the history of medicine, Islamic medicine is the science of medicine developed in the Islamic Golden Age, and written in Arabic, the lingua franca of Islamic civilization.

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Meditech

Medical Information Technology, Incorporated (stylized as MEDITECH), is a Massachusetts-based software and service company selling information systems for health care organizations.

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MEDLINE

MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, or MEDLARS Online) is a bibliographic database of life sciences and biomedical information.

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Megavitamin therapy

Megavitamin therapy is the use of large doses of vitamins, often many times greater than the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) in the attempt to prevent or treat diseases.

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Melvin Sabshin

Melvin Sabshin, M.D. (1925–2011) was an American psychiatrist, the Medical Director of the American Psychiatric Association from 1974 to 1997, and a leader in psychiatry placing it firmly within the discipline of medicine.

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Meta-analysis

A meta-analysis is a statistical analysis that combines the results of multiple scientific studies.

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Metagenomics: An Alternative Approach to Genomics

Research is going on in the field of genomics.

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Metal toxicity

Metal toxicity or metal poisoning is the toxic effect of certain metals in certain forms and doses on life.

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Metastasectomy

In oncology, metastasectomy is the surgical removal of metastases, which are secondary cancerous growths that have spread from cancer originating in another organ in the body.

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Michael B. Bracken

Michael B. Bracken, Ph.D., M.Phil., M.P.H., (born September 24, 1942) is a perinatal epidemiologist.

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Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine at McMaster University

The Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, known as the McMaster University School of Medicine prior to 2003, is the medical school of McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

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Michael Klaper

Michael A. Klaper is an American physician, author, and veganism advocate.

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Misophonia

Misophonia, literally "hatred of sound", was proposed in 2000 as a condition in which negative emotions, thoughts, and physical reactions are triggered by specific sounds.

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Molecular pathological epidemiology

Molecular pathological epidemiology (MPE, also molecular pathologic epidemiology) is a discipline combining epidemiology and pathology.

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Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi

Abū Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakariyyā al-Rāzī (Abūbakr Mohammad-e Zakariyyā-ye Rāzī, also known by his Latinized name Rhazes or Rasis) (854–925 CE), was a Persian polymath, physician, alchemist, philosopher, and important figure in the history of medicine.

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Muir Gray

Sir J. A. Muir Gray, CBE, FRCPSGlas, FCLIP is a British physician, who has held senior positions in screening, public health and information management.

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Muscle relaxant

A muscle relaxant is a drug that affects skeletal muscle function and decreases the muscle tone.

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Myofascial trigger point

Myofascial trigger points, also known as trigger points, are described as hyperirritable spots in the fascia surrounding skeletal muscle.

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National & Gulf Center for Evidence Based Health Practice

The National & Gulf Center for Evidence Based Health Practice has been established with the initiative of Bandar Al Knawy, Chief Executive Officer of National Guard Health Affairs, and with the support of former chief executive, Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al Rabiah in March 2004.

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National Association for Chiropractic Medicine

The National Association for Chiropractic Medicine (NACM) was Dynamic Chiropractic.

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National Breast Cancer Coalition

The National Breast Cancer Coalition (NBCC) is a grassroots advocacy organization that seeks to improve public policies surrounding breast cancer research, diagnosis and treatment.

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National Council Against Health Fraud

The National Council Against Health Fraud (NCAHF) was a not-for-profit, US-based organization, run by Dr.

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National Guideline Clearinghouse

National Guideline Clearinghouse (NGC) is a database of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines and related documents.

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National Institute of Nursing Research

The National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), as part of the U.S. National Institutes of Health, supports clinical and basic research to establish a scientific basis for the nursing care of individuals across the life span—from management of patients during illness and recovery, to the reduction of risks for disease and disability, and the promotion of healthy lifestyles.

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Natural Standard

Natural Standard is an international research collaboration that systematically reviews scientific evidence on complementary and alternative medicine.

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Naturalistic fallacy

In philosophical ethics, the term "naturalistic fallacy" was introduced by British philosopher G. E. Moore in his 1903 book Principia Ethica.

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Naturopathy

Naturopathy or naturopathic medicine is a form of alternative medicine that employs an array of pseudoscientific practices branded as "natural", "non-invasive", and as promoting "self-healing".

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Nei guan

Nei guan (P6, Chinese: 内关) is an acupoint, a point of the skin that is stimulated with various techniques in the practice of acupuncture.

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Nerve allograft

Nerve allotransplantation (allo- means "other" in Greek) is the transplantation of a nerve to a receiver from a donor of the same species.

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Neuro-linguistic programming

Neuro-linguistic programming (NLP) is an approach to communication, personal development, and psychotherapy created by Richard Bandler and John Grinder in California, United States in the 1970s.

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Northern Ontario School of Medicine

The Northern Ontario School of Medicine (École de médecine du Nord de l'Ontario) is a medical school in the Canadian province of Ontario, created through a partnership between Laurentian University in Sudbury and Lakehead University in Thunder Bay.

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Number needed to harm

The number needed to harm (NNH) is an epidemiological measure that indicates how many patients on average need to be exposed to a risk-factor over a specific period to cause harm in an average of one patient who would not otherwise have been harmed.

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Nurse-led clinic

A nurse-led clinic is any outpatient clinic that is run or managed by registered nurses, usually nurse practitioners or Clinical Nurse Specialists in the UK.

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Nurses Improving Care for Healthsystem Elders

Nurses Improving Care for Healthsystem Elders (NICHE) is a program of the Hartford Institute for Geriatric Nursing at New York University College of Nursing, that works to achieve systematic nursing change to benefit hospitalized older patients.

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Nursing process

The nursing process is a modified scientific method.

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Nursing research

Nursing research is research that provides evidence used to support nursing practices.

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Nystagmus

Nystagmus is a condition of involuntary (or voluntary, in rare cases) eye movement, acquired in infancy or later in life, that may result in reduced or limited vision.

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Office of Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine

The Office of Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine (OCCAM) is an office of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) in the Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis.

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Oil of clove

Oil of clove, also known as clove oil, is an essential oil extracted from the clove plant, Syzygium aromaticum.

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Ontario Shores Centre for Mental Health Sciences

Ontario Shores Centre for Mental Health Sciences (Ontario Shores) is a public hospital located in Whitby, Ontario, Canada, providing a range of specialized assessment and treatment services to those living with complex and serious mental illness.

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Orthomolecular medicine

Orthomolecular medicine, a form of alternative medicine, aims to maintain human health through nutritional supplementation.

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Osteomyology

Osteomyology (sometimes Neurosteomyology) is a form of alternative medicine found almost exclusively in the United Kingdom and is loosely based on aggregated ideas from other manipulation therapies, principally chiropractic and osteopathy.

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Osteopathic medicine in the United States

Osteopathic medicine is a branch of the medical profession in the United States.

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Osteopathic Oath

The Osteopathic Oath is an oath commonly administered to osteopathic physicians who practice osteopathic medicine in the United States.

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Ottawa ankle rules

In medicine, the Ottawa ankle rules are a set of guidelines for clinicians to help decide if a patient with foot or ankle pain should be offered X-rays to diagnose a possible bone fracture.

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Outcomes research

Outcomes research is a branch of public health research, which studies the end results (outcomes) of the structure and processes of the health care system on the health and well-being of patients and populations.

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Outline of clinical research

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to clinical research: Clinical research is the aspect of biomedical research that addresses the assessment of new pharmaceutical and biological drugs, medical devices and vaccines in humans.

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Pain management

Pain management, pain medicine, pain control or algiatry, is a branch of medicine employing an interdisciplinary approach for easing the suffering and improving the quality of life of those living with chronic pain The typical pain management team includes medical practitioners, pharmacists, clinical psychologists, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, physician assistants, nurses.

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Palliative care

Palliative care is a multidisciplinary approach to specialized medical and nursing care for people with life-limiting illnesses.

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Paradigm

In science and philosophy, a paradigm is a distinct set of concepts or thought patterns, including theories, research methods, postulates, and standards for what constitutes legitimate contributions to a field.

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Paradigm shift

A paradigm shift (also radical theory change), a concept identified by the American physicist and philosopher Thomas Kuhn (1922–1996), is a fundamental change in the basic concepts and experimental practices of a scientific discipline.

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Paramedics in the United States

In the United States, the paramedic is a paraprofessional whose primary focus is to provide advanced emergency medical care for critical and emergency patients who access Emergency Medical Services (EMS).

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Parsemus Foundation

The Parsemus Foundation is an American non-governmental organization whose stated objective is to advance low cost evidence-based medicines not pursued by the pharmaceutical industry.

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PARTY Program (Prevent Alcohol and Risk Related Trauma in Youth)

The acronym P.A.R.T.Y. refers to an evidence-based international health promotion program.

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Patient safety

Patient safety is a discipline that emphasizes safety in health care through the prevention, reduction, reporting, and analysis of medical error that often leads to adverse effects.

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Patient safety organization

A patient safety organization (PSO) is a group, institution or association that improves medical care by reducing medical errors.

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Paul Glasziou

Paul P. Glasziou (born 21 May 1954) is an Australian academic physician known for his research in evidence-based medicine.

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Pay for performance (healthcare)

In the healthcare industry, pay for performance (P4P), also known as "value-based purchasing", is a payment model that offers financial incentives to physicians, hospitals, medical groups, and other healthcare providers for meeting certain performance measures.

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Pediatric Attention Disorders Diagnostic Screener

The Pediatric Attention Disorders Diagnostic Screener (PADDS), created by Dr.

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Percutaneous coronary intervention

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a non-surgical procedure used to treat narrowing (stenosis) of the coronary arteries of the heart found in coronary artery disease.

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Persistent vegetative state

A persistent vegetative state (PVS) is a disorder of consciousness in which patients with severe brain damage are in a state of partial arousal rather than true awareness.

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Peter Kranke

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Peter Pronovost

Peter J. Pronovost is an intensive care specialist physician at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland.

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PharmFree

PharmFree is a campaign of the American Medical Student Association, in collaboration with No Free Lunch, to organize political activism challenging the practice of pharmaceutical gifting to students and physicians.

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Philip D'Arcy Hart

Philip Montagu D’Arcy Hart, CBE (25 June 1900 – 30 July 2006) was a seminal British medical researcher and pioneer in tuberculosis treatment.

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Philosophy of medicine

The philosophy of medicine is a branch of philosophy that includes the epistemology, ontology/metaphysics, and ethics of medicine.

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Philosophy of science

Philosophy of science is a sub-field of philosophy concerned with the foundations, methods, and implications of science.

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Physician

A physician, medical practitioner, medical doctor, or simply doctor is a professional who practises medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining, or restoring health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments.

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Phytolacca americana

Phytolacca americana, the American pokeweed or simply pokeweed, is a herbaceous perennial plant in the pokeweed family Phytolaccaceae growing up to in height.

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Pierre Charles Alexandre Louis

Pierre-Charles-Alexandre Louis (14 April 178722 August 1872) was a French physician, clinician and pathologist known for his studies on tuberculosis, typhoid fever, and pneumonia, but Louis's greatest contribution to medicine was the development of the "numerical method", forerunner to epidemiology and the modern clinical trial, paving the path for evidence-based medicine.

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Pipeline planning

Pipeline planning is a social audit that incorporates stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled trials.

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PLOS Medicine

PLOS Medicine (formerly styled PLoS Medicine) is a peer-reviewed weekly medical journal covering the full spectrum of the medical sciences.

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Pneumothorax

A pneumothorax is an abnormal collection of air in the pleural space between the lung and the chest wall.

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Podiatry

Podiatry or podiatric medicine is a branch of medicine devoted to the study, diagnosis, and medical and surgical treatment of disorders of the foot, ankle and lower extremity.

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Poly-MVA

Poly-MVA (or Lipoic Acid Mineral Complex) is a dietary supplement created by Merrill Garnett (1931&ndash), a former dentist turned biochemist.

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Pontifical Xavierian University Faculty of Medicine

The Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Faculty of Medicine in Bogotá, Colombia is one of the leading medical schools in Colombia and Latin America.

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Poor Economics

Poor Economics: A Radical Rethinking of the Way to Fight Global Poverty (2011) is a non-fiction book by Abhijit V. Banerjee and Esther Duflo, both professors of Economics at MIT.

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Postcoital test

The postcoital test (PCT) (also known as Sims test, Huhner test or Sims-Huhner test) is a test in the evaluation of infertility.

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Pragmatic clinical trial

A pragmatic clinical trial (PCT), sometimes called a practical clinical trial (PCT), is a clinical trial that focuses on correlation between treatments and outcomes in real-world health system practice rather than focusing on proving causative explanations for outcomes, which requires extensive deconfounding with inclusion and exclusion criteria so strict that they risk rendering the trial results irrelevant to much of real-world practice.

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Precision medicine

Precision medicine (PM) is a medical model that proposes the customization of healthcare, with medical decisions, treatments, practices, or products being tailored to the individual patient.

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Premature ovarian failure

Premature ovarian failure (POF) is the loss of function of the ovaries before age 40.

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Primary care ethics

Primary care ethics is the study of the everyday decisions that primary care clinicians make, such as: how long to spend with a particular patient, how to reconcile their own values and those of their patients, when and where to refer or investigate, how to respect confidentiality when dealing with patients, relatives and third parties.

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Primary spine practitioner

Primary spine practitioners (also referred to as PSP, Spine Care Clinician, or Spine Care Specialist, or in the broader context a primary musculoskeletal specialist or provider) are health care professionals who are specially trained to provide primary care for patients with spinal disease.

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Probability interpretations

The word probability has been used in a variety of ways since it was first applied to the mathematical study of games of chance.

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Prokarin

Prokarin (also known as Procarin) is a patented alternative medicine that consists of a mixture of histamine and caffeine.

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Protandim

Protandim is a herbal dietary supplement marketed with unsupported claims that it can treat a number of medical conditions.

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Psychiatric and mental health nursing

Psychiatric nursing or mental health nursing is the appointed position of a nurse that specialises in mental health, and cares for people of all ages experiencing mental illnesses or distress.

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Psychiatric hospital

Psychiatric hospitals, also known as mental hospitals, mental health units, mental asylums or simply asylums, are hospitals or wards specializing in the treatment of serious mental disorders, such as clinical depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder.

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Psychiatric Rehabilitation Association

The Psychiatric Rehabilitation Association (PRA) is a professional association for practitioners of psychiatric rehabilitation who serve persons and families living with psychiatric disorders.

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Psychotherapy

Psychotherapy is the use of psychological methods, particularly when based on regular personal interaction, to help a person change behavior and overcome problems in desired ways.

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Public health

Public health is "the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting human health through organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals".

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Publication bias

Publication bias is a type of bias that occurs in published academic research.

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Qigong

Qigong, qi gong, chi kung, or chi gung is a holistic system of coordinated body posture and movement, breathing, and meditation used in the belief that it promotes health, spirituality, and martial arts training.

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Quackery

Quackery or health fraud is the promotion of fraudulent or ignorant medical practices.

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Quackwatch

Quackwatch is a United States-based network of people founded by Stephen Barrett, which aims to "combat health-related frauds, myths, fads, fallacies, and misconduct" and to focus on "quackery-related information that is difficult or impossible to get elsewhere".

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Quaternary prevention

The quaternary prevention, concept coined by the Belgian general practitioner Marc Jamoulle, are the actions taken to identify a patient at risk of overmedicalisation, to protect them from new medical invasion, and to suggest interventions which are ethically acceptable.

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Raphael M. Bonelli

Raphael M. Bonelli (born September 10, 1968 in Schärding in Austria) is an Austrian professor of psychiatry, neurology and psychotherapy at the Sigmund Freud University Vienna.

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Rasa shastra

In Ayurvedic medicine, the traditional medical lore of Hinduism, rasa shastra is a process by which various metals, Minerals and other substances, including mercury, are purified and combined with herbs in an attempt to treat illnesses.

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Reactive attachment disorder

Reactive attachment disorder (RAD) is described in clinical literature as a severe and relatively uncommon disorder that can affect children.

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Real world evidence

Real world evidence (RWE) in medicine means evidence obtained from real world data (RWD), which are observational data obtained outside the context of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and generated during routine clinical practice.

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Receiver operating characteristic

In statistics, a receiver operating characteristic curve, i.e. ROC curve, is a graphical plot that illustrates the diagnostic ability of a binary classifier system as its discrimination threshold is varied.

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Regulation and prevalence of homeopathy

Homeopathy is fairly common in some countries while being uncommon in others.

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Reiki

() is a form of alternative medicine developed in 1922 by Mikao Usui.

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Research Council for Complementary Medicine

The Research Council for Complementary Medicine (RCCM) is a charitable organisation (UK Registered Charity Number 1146724) founded in 1983 to develop and promote good quality research into alternative and complementary medicine (CAM) and enhance evidence-based medicine in this area.

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Resource-based relative value scale

Resource-based relative value scale (RBRVS) is a schema used to determine how much money medical providers should be paid.

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Rhinoceros

A rhinoceros, commonly abbreviated to rhino, is one of any five extant species of odd-toed ungulates in the family Rhinocerotidae, as well as any of the numerous extinct species.

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Richard Lehman (primary care physician)

Richard Lehman is a British primary care physician and academic and senior research fellow at the department of primary health care at the University of Oxford.

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Ritam Chowdhury

Ritam Chowdhury is an Indian writer, physician, epidemiologist and biostatistician scientist of Bengali descent.

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Robert Sears (physician)

Robert W. Sears, FAAP — known as Dr.

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Robin Mathy

Robin Michele Mathy (born July 21, 1957) is an academic and activist.

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Rocky Mountain University of Health Professions

Rocky Mountain University of Health Professions is a regionally accredited institution established in 1998 as an exclusive graduate healthcare education provider.

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Rosecrance

Rosecrance is a private, not-for-profit behavioral health organization based in Rockford, Illinois.

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Rudolf Tischner

Rudolf Tischner (3 April 1879 in Hohenmölsen – 24 April 1961) was a German ophthalmologist and parapsychologist born in Hohenmölsen.

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Rural and isolated practice registered nurse

Rural and isolated practice registered nurse (RIPRN), also rural and isolated practice endorsed registered nurse (RIPERN), is an endorsement for registered nurses practising in rural, isolated and remote areas in Australia.

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Rutin

Rutin, also called rutoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside and sophorin, is the glycoside combining the flavonol quercetin and the disaccharide rutinose (α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranose).

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SABRE Research UK

SABRE Research UK is a British charity raising awareness of the need to remove bias from the conduct and scientific evaluation of animal research.

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Sam Chachoua

Samir "Sam" Chachoua is an Australian alternative medicine practitioner, trained as a medical doctor.

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Samsung Medical Center

Samsung Medical Center (SMC) is a tertiary hospital located in Irwon-Dong of Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, South Korea.

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Santiago Medina

Santiago Medina (born in 1964) is a Colombian-American sculptor.

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Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study

The Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (also known under the abbreviation 4S) is a multicenter clinical trial that was performed in the 1990s in Scandinavia and sponsored by Merck.

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Schizoaffective disorder

Schizoaffective disorder (SZA, SZD or SAD) is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal thought processes and deregulated emotions.

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Science-Based Medicine

Science-Based Medicine is a daily blog with entries covering issues in science and medicine, especially dangerous medical scams and practices.

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Scientific method

Scientific method is an empirical method of knowledge acquisition, which has characterized the development of natural science since at least the 17th century, involving careful observation, which includes rigorous skepticism about what one observes, given that cognitive assumptions about how the world works influence how one interprets a percept; formulating hypotheses, via induction, based on such observations; experimental testing and measurement of deductions drawn from the hypotheses; and refinement (or elimination) of the hypotheses based on the experimental findings.

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Scott Reuben

Scott S. Reuben (born 1958) is an American anesthesiologist who was Professor of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine at Tufts University in Boston, Massachusetts and chief of acute pain at Baystate Medical Center in Springfield, Massachusetts from February 1991 until 2009 when he was sentenced to prison for healthcare fraud.

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Screening (medicine)

Screening, in medicine, is a strategy used in a population to identify the possible presence of an as-yet-undiagnosed disease in individuals without signs or symptoms.

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Sea buckthorn oil

Sea buckthorn oil is derived from plants in a group of species of the genus Hippophae, the most commonly used of which is Hippophae rhamnoides.

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Semyon Korsakov

Semyon Nikolaevich Korsakov (Семён Николаевич Корсаков, Semyon Nikolayevich Korsakov) (January 14, 1787 – December 1, 1853 OS) was a Russian government official, noted both as a homeopath and an inventor who was involved with an early version of information technology.

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Serratiopeptidase

Serratiopeptidase (Serratia E-15 protease, also known as serralysin, serrapeptase, serratiapeptase, serratia peptidase, serratio peptidase, or serrapeptidase) is a proteolytic enzyme (protease) produced by enterobacterium Serratia sp.

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Shiatsu

Shiatsu (指圧) is a form of Japanese bodywork based on ideas in traditional Chinese medicine.

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Smallwood Report

200px The Smallwood Report, officially entitled The Role of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in the NHS: An Investigation into the Potential Contribution of Mainstream Alternative Therapies to Healthcare in the UK, was a 2005 report promoting the use of so-called "alternative medicine" in Britain's taxpayer funded National Health Service, as a cost-effective and efficate alternative to evidence-based medicine.

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Soursop

Soursop (also graviola, custard apple, and in Latin America, guanábana) is the fruit of Annona muricata, a broadleaf, flowering, evergreen tree.

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Sports drink

Sports drinks are beverages whose stated purpose is to help athletes replace water, electrolytes, and energy before and after training or competition, though their efficiency for that purpose has been questioned, particularly after exercise.

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Statin

Statins, also known as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, are a class of lipid-lowering medications.

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Stephen Barrett

Stephen Joel Barrett (born 1933) is an American retired psychiatrist, author, co-founder of the National Council Against Health Fraud (NCAHF), and the webmaster of Quackwatch.

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Sterilization (microbiology)

Sterilization (or sterilisation) refers to any process that eliminates, removes, kills, or deactivates all forms of life and other biological agents (such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, spore forms, prions, unicellular eukaryotic organisms such as Plasmodium, etc.) present in a specified region, such as a surface, a volume of fluid, medication, or in a compound such as biological culture media.

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Stockpiling antiviral medications for pandemic influenza

An antiviral stockpile is a reserve supply of essential antiviral medications in case of shortage.

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Strategic environmental assessment

Strategic environmental assessment (SEA) is a systematic decision support process, aiming to ensure that environmental and possibly other sustainability aspects are considered effectively in policy, plan and programme making.

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Stretching

Stretching is a form of physical exercise in which a specific muscle or tendon (or muscle group) is deliberately flexed or stretched in order to improve the muscle's felt elasticity and achieve comfortable muscle tone.

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Strychnos nux-vomica

Strychnos nux-vomica, the strychnine tree, also known as nux vomica, poison nut, semen strychnos, and quaker buttons, is a deciduous tree native to India, and southeast Asia.

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Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is bleeding into the subarachnoid space—the area between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater surrounding the brain.

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Suckers (book)

Suckers: How Alternative Medicine Makes Fools of Us All is a book about alternative medicine written by author and health journalist Rose Shapiro.

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Surviving Sepsis Campaign

The Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) is a global initiative to bring together professional organizations in reducing mortality from sepsis.

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Susan G. Komen for the Cure

Susan G. Komen, formerly known as Susan G. Komen for the Cure and originally as The Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation, often referred to as simply Komen, is the largest and best-funded breast cancer organization in the United States.

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Susan Shur-Fen Gau

Susan Shur-Fen Gau (1962 –), also known as Susan Gau, Shur-Fen Gau, Gau Shur-Fen and in Chinese:高淑芬, is a Taiwanese psychiatrist and academic with specialized in psychiatry, psychology, epidemiology, preventive medicine, occupational therapy, and brain and mind sciences.

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Susanna Gregory

Susanna Gregory is the pseudonym of Elizabeth Cruwys, a Cambridge academic who was previously a coroner's officer.

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Sustainable development

Sustainable development is the organizing principle for meeting human development goals while at the same time sustaining the ability of natural systems to provide the natural resources and ecosystem services upon which the economy and society depend.

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Swank diet

The Swank Diet is a diet that is low in saturated fat, which was proposed in 1949 by Roy Laver Swank, MD, PhD (1909–2008), academic neurologist at the University of Oregon, for the treatment of multiple sclerosis.

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Sydney Medical School

The University of Sydney School of Medicine, also known as Sydney Medical School (SMS) is the graduate medical school of the University of Sydney.

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Systematic review

Systematic reviews are a type of literature review that uses systematic methods to collect secondary data, critically appraise research studies, and synthesize studies.

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Systemic scleroderma

Systemic scleroderma, also called diffuse scleroderma or systemic sclerosis, is an autoimmune disease of the connective tissue.

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Tai chi

Tai chi (taiji), short for T'ai chi ch'üan, or Taijiquan (pinyin: tàijíquán; 太极拳), is an internal Chinese martial art practiced for both its defense training and its health benefits.

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Taryn Young

Taryn Young is the Director of the Centre for Evidence-based Health Care and Head of the Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at Stellenbosch University.

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TeenScreen

The TeenScreen National Center for Mental Health Checkups at Columbia University was a national mental health and suicide risk screening initiative for middle- and high-school age adolescents.

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Teesside University

Teesside University is a public university with its main campus in Middlesbrough, Teesside in North East England.

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The BMJ

The BMJ is a weekly peer-reviewed medical journal.

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The Greater Good (film)

The Greater Good is a controversial film about vaccines.

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The Institutes for the Achievement of Human Potential

The Institutes for The Achievement of Human Potential (IAHP), founded in 1955 by Glenn Doman and Carl Delacato, provide literature on and teaches patterning therapy (motor learning), which the Institutes promote as improving the "neurologic organization" of "brain injured" and healthy children through a variety of programs, including diet and exercise.

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The Joanna Briggs Institute

The Joanna Briggs Institute - known internationally as "JBI" - is an international not-for-profit organisation, operating 72 collaborating centres and groups around the world.

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The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University

The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (CASA) is a science-based, multidisciplinary organization focused on transforming society's understanding of and response to the disease of addiction.

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TheNNT

The theNNT is an evidence-based medicine website created by a small group led by David H. Newman and Graham Walker that collects statistical information about drugs, particularly the number needed to treat measure.

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Therapeutic touch

Therapeutic touch (commonly shortened to "TT"), known by some as "non-contact therapeutic touch" (NCTT), is a pseudoscientific energy therapy which practitioners claim promotes healing and reduces pain and anxiety.

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Thrombophilia

Thrombophilia (sometimes hypercoagulability or a prothrombotic state) is an abnormality of blood coagulation that increases the risk of thrombosis (blood clots in blood vessels).

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Tim Kaine

Timothy Michael Kaine (born February 26, 1958) is an American attorney and politician serving as the junior United States Senator from Virginia since 2013.

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Timeline of healthcare in China

This is a timeline of healthcare in China, focusing especially on modern science-based medicine healthcare.

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Timeline of healthcare in Germany

This is a timeline of healthcare in Germany, focusing on modern healthcare system first adopted in this country.

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Tissue plasminogen activator

Tissue plasminogen activator (abbreviated tPA or PLAT) is a protein involved in the breakdown of blood clots.

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Token economy

A token economy is a system of contingency management based on the systematic reinforcement of target behavior.

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Traditional western medicine

Traditional western medicine may refer to.

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Traumatic brain injury

Traumatic brain injury (TBI), also known as intracranial injury, occurs when an external force injures the brain.

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Trent Accreditation Scheme

The Trent Accreditation Scheme (TAS), now replaced de facto by a number of independent accreditation schemes, such as the QHA Trent Accreditation, was a British accreditation scheme formed with a mission to maintain and continually evaluate standards of quality, especially in health care delivery, through the surveying and accreditation of health care organisations, especially hospitals and clinics, both in the UK and elsewhere in the world.

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Trip (search engine)

Trip is a free clinical search engine.

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Turning Point Alcohol and Drug Centre

Turning Point Alcohol and Drug Centre is an alcohol and other drugs organisation located in the inner Melbourne(Australia) suburb of Richmond. Established in 1994 in Fitzroy, the organisation provides clinical treatment and support to those with substance addiction issues, as well as conducting clinical and epidemiological research and development. In addition, the organisation provides education and training to health and welfare professionals.http://www.turningpoint.org.au/about_us.html. Turning Point Alcohol and Drug Centre. Accessed 2007-06-29. The organisation's approach to alcohol and other drugs clinical treatment is primarily based upon the medical model of treatment. This includes using an evidence based approach to treatment services and implementing harm minimisation techniques towards relevant client issues. The organisation amalgamated with public health provider Eastern Health in October 2009, and is formally affiliated with Monash University. In addition, Turning Point collaborates with international organisations including The United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime (UNODC); International Network of Drug Treatment and Rehabilitation Resource Centres, California State University; Center for Behavioral Research and Services, Yale University; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS and The International Harm Reduction Association.

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Umbilical hernia

An umbilical hernia is a health condition where the abdominal wall behind the navel is damaged.

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Undertreatment of pain

Undertreatment of pain is the absence of pain management therapy for a person in pain when treatment is indicated.

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United States Preventive Services Task Force

The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) is "an independent panel of experts in primary care and prevention that systematically reviews the evidence of effectiveness and develops recommendations for clinical preventive services".

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University of Sharjah

The University of Sharjah (jāmiʿat aš-šāriqah; also known as UOS or Sharjah University) is an Emirati private national university located in University City, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.

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Users' Guides to the Medical Literature

The Users’ Guides to the Medical Literature is a series of articles originally published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, later rewritten and compiled in a textbook, now in its third edition.

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Utilization management

Utilization Management (UM) is the use of techniques that allow purchasers to manage the cost of health care benefits by assessing its appropriateness before it is provided using evidence-based criteria or guidelines.

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Vereniging tegen de Kwakzalverij

The Vereniging tegen de Kwakzalverij or VtdK (English: Association Against Quackery or Society Against Quackery) is a Dutch organisation that investigates the claims of alternative medicine and opposes quackery.

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Victor Montori

Victor Montori is the professor of Medicine at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

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Virginia v. Cherrix

Virginia v. Cherrix is a 2006 court case in which the Commonwealth of Virginia sued to force Starchild Abraham ("Wolf") Cherrix (born June 1990), aged 16 at the time of the court case, to undergo further conventional medical treatment for a highly treatable form of cancer, Hodgkin disease.

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Viscum album

Viscum album is a species of mistletoe in the family Santalaceae, commonly known as European mistletoe, common mistletoe or simply as mistletoe (Old English mistle).

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Vitamin K

Vitamin K is a group of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamins that the human body requires for complete synthesis of certain proteins that are prerequisites for blood coagulation (K from Koagulation, Danish for "coagulation") and which the body also needs for controlling binding of calcium in bones and other tissues.

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Vitex agnus-castus

Vitex agnus-castus, also called vitex, chaste tree (or chastetree), chasteberry, Abraham's balm, lilac chastetree, or monk's pepper, is a native of the Mediterranean region.

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Walter Spitzer

Walter O. Spitzer (1937–2006) was a Canadian epidemiologist and professor of epidemiology and health at McGill University, a position he held from 1975 until his retirement in 1995.

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Water fluoridation

Water fluoridation is the controlled addition of fluoride to a public water supply to reduce tooth decay.

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Water ionizer

A water ionizer (also known as an alkaline ionizer) is a home appliance which claims to raise the pH of drinking water by using electrolysis to separate the incoming water stream into acidic and alkaline components.

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WebPT

WebPT is a Phoenix, Arizona-based company that provides web-based electronic medical record (EMR) systems for physical therapists.

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Wesley College, University of Sydney

Wesley College is a Protestant co-residential college of 250 students within the University of Sydney.

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West China Medical Center of Sichuan University

West China Medical Center of Sichuan University, formerly West China University of Medical Sciences (WCUMS), is located in Chengdu, Sichuan, China, and is administered by the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China.

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Western culture

Western culture, sometimes equated with Western civilization, Occidental culture, the Western world, Western society, European civilization,is a term used very broadly to refer to a heritage of social norms, ethical values, traditional customs, belief systems, political systems and specific artifacts and technologies that have some origin or association with Europe.

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William Silverman

William Aaron Silverman (October 23, 1917 – December 16, 2004) was an American physician who made important contributions to neonatology.

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William Winkenwerder Jr.

William Winkenwerder Jr. is a physician and prominent American health care industry leader.

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Witch doctor

A witch doctor was originally a type of healer who treated ailments believed to be caused by witchcraft.

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Withania somnifera

Withania somnifera, known commonly as ashwagandha, Indian ginseng, poison gooseberry, or winter cherry, is a plant in the Solanaceae or nightshade family.

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Women's health

Women's health refers to the health of women, which differs from that of men in many unique ways.

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World Association of Young Scientists

The World Association of Young Scientists (WAYS; formerly World Academy of Young Scientists) is a global network of young scientists established in 2004, in partnership with UNESCO and ICSU.

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World Happiness Report

The World Happiness Report is an annual publication of the United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network which contains rankings of national happiness and analysis of the data from various perspectives.

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Zeitschrift für Evidenz, Fortbildung und Qualität im Gesundheitswesen

Zeitschrift für Evidenz, Fortbildung und Qualität im Gesundheitswesen (English: The Journal of Evidence and Quality in Health Care) is a bilingual German and English language peer-reviewed medical journal published by Elsevier Germany.

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Zynx Health

Zynx Health Incorporated is an American corporation specializing in providing evidence-based clinical decision support system solutions made available at the point of patient care through electronic health record (EHR) systems.

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8 learning management questions

The 8 Learning Management Questions (or 8 LMQs) are a set of sequential design based questions for teachers that engage them to develop a teaching plan for their classrooms, so as to produce intended learning outcome in all students.

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Evidence Based Medicine, Evidence base, Evidence based, Evidence based guidelines, Evidence based healthcare, Evidence based medicine, Evidence strength, Evidence-Based Medicine, Evidence-based, Evidence-based clinical information, Evidence-based health care, Evidence-based healthcare, Evidence-based psychiatry, Evidology, Grade B recommendation, Grades of recommendation, Level B recommendation, Recommendation grade, Science Based Medicine, Science-based medicine.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidence-based_medicine

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