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Aa Church

Aa Church (Aa kirke), located in Aakirkeby on the Danish island of Bornholm, is a Romanesque church dating from the 12th century.

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Absolute monarchy

Absolute monarchy, is a form of monarchy in which one ruler has supreme authority and where that authority is not restricted by any written laws, legislature, or customs.

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Action of 17 August 1712

This battle took place on 17 August 1712 south of Rügen, in the Baltic Sea, during the Great Northern War.

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Action of 31 July 1712

This battle took place on 31 July 1712 southeast of Rügen, in the Baltic Sea, during the Great Northern War.

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Adam Heinrich von Steinau

Adam Heinrich Graf von Steinau (died 1712) was a Saxon Generalfeldmarschall.

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Adam Ludwig Lewenhaupt

Adam Ludwig Lewenhaupt (15 April 1659, Copenhagen – 12 February 1719 Moscow) was a Swedish general.

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Adam Veyde

Adam Adamovich Veyde (Адам Адамович Вейде) (1667 – January 26, 1720) was a Russian infantry general and a close associate of Peter the Great.

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Admiralty in the 18th century

The Glorious Revolution of 1688 rearranged the political map of Europe, and led to a series of wars with France that lasted well over a century.

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Admiralty Shipyard

The Admiralty Shipyard (Адмиралтейские верфи) (formerly Soviet Shipyard No. 194) is one of the oldest and largest shipyards in Russia, located in Saint Petersburg.

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Adolf Frederick, King of Sweden

Adolf Frederick or Adolph Frederick (Adolf Fredrik, Adolf Friedrich; 14 May 171012 February 1771) was King of Sweden from 1751 until his death.

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Age of Liberty

In Swedish and Finnish history, the Age of Liberty (Age of Freedom) (Frihetstiden) is a half-century-long period of parliamentary governance and increasing civil rights, beginning with Charles XII's death in 1718 and ending with Gustav III's self-coup in 1772.

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Akmenė

Akmenė is a city in northern Lithuania.

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Alūksne

Alūksne is a town on the shores of Lake Alūksne in northeastern Latvia near the borders with Estonia and Russia.

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Alūksne Castle

Alūksne Castle (Marienburgas pils, Alūksnes pils; Marienburg) is a castle of Teutonic Knights in current Alūksne, North-Eastern Latvia.

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Alexander Bekovich-Cherkassky

Prince Alexander Bekovich-Cherkassky (Алекса́ндр Беко́вич-Черка́сский), born Devlet-Girei-mırza (Девлет-Гирей-мурза) (died 1717), was a Russian officer of Circassian origin who led the first Russian military expedition into Central Asia.

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Alexander Danilovich Menshikov

Prince Aleksander Danilovich Menshikov (Алекса́ндр Дани́лович Ме́ншиков; –) was a Russian statesman, whose official titles included Generalissimus, Prince of the Russian Empire and Duke of Izhora (Duke of Ingria), Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, Duke of Cosel.

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Alexander Kikin

Alexander Vasilievich Kikin (Александр Васильевич Кикин; ca. 1670-1718) was a political mentor and advisor to Alexei Petrovich, Tsarevich of Russia; accused of having arranged the flight abroad of the latter, Kikin was broken on the wheel.

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Alexander Sergeyevich Menshikov

Prince Alexander Sergeyevich Menshikov (Алекса́ндр Серге́евич Ме́ншиков; 26 August 17872 May 1869) was a Finno-Russian nobleman, military commander and statesman.

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Alexey Bestuzhev-Ryumin

Count Alexey Petrovich Bestuzhev-Ryumin (Алексе́й Петро́вич Бесту́жев-Рю́мин) (1 June 1693 – 21 April 1768), Chancellor of the Russian Empire, was one of the most influential and successful European diplomats of the 18th century.

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Allotment system

The allotment system (indelningsverket; ruotujakolaitos) was a system used in Sweden for keeping a trained army at all times.

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Altaic languages

Altaic is a proposed language family of central Eurasia and Siberia, now widely seen as discredited.

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Amalia von Königsmarck

Amalia "Emilie" Wilhelmina Königsmarck (20 August 1663 – 30 January 1740) was a Swedish noble, known as a dilettante artist (painter), amateur actor, and poet.

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Ambassadors and envoys from Russia to Poland (1763–1794)

Ambassadors and envoys from Russia to Poland–Lithuania in the years 1763–1794 were among the most important characters in the politics of Poland.

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Anders Nilsen Wiborg

Anders Nilsen Wiborg (c. 1655 – 1718) was the fourth commander of the Christiansfjeld Fortress in Norway.

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Andrew Vinius

Andrew Vinius (Андре́й Андре́евич Ви́ниус, Andrey Andreyevich Vinius) (1641–1717) was a Russian statesman and a friend of Peter the Great.

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Andrey Khilkov

Prince Andrey Yakovlevich Khilkoff (1676–1716) was Russian ambassador to Sweden.

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Andronikov Monastery

Andronikov Monastery of the Saviour (Андро́ников монасты́рь, Спа́со-Андро́ников монасты́рь, or Андро́ников Нерукотво́рного Спа́са монасты́рь) is a former monastery on the left bank of the Yauza River in Moscow, consecrated to the Holy Image of Saviour Not Made by Hands and containing the oldest extant (i.e. outside the Kremlin) building in Moscow.

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Andrychów

Andrychów (list, list, hist. also Andrychau) is the largest town in Wadowice County in southern Poland, in Little Beskids, in historical region Lesser Poland, with 22,257 inhabitants.

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Anikita Repnin

Prince Anikita Ivanovich Repnin (Аники́та Ива́нович Репни́н; 1668 – 3 July 1726, in Riga) was a prominent Russian general during the Great Northern War who superintended the taking of Riga in 1710 and served as the Governor of Livland from 1719 until his death.

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Anna Colbjørnsdatter

Anna Colbjørnsdatter Arneberg (1667–1736) was a Norwegian national heroine who was most known for her participation in the Battle of Norderhov (slaget på Norderhov) during the Great Northern War.

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Anna Constantia von Brockdorff

Anna Constantia von Brockdorff (17 October 1680 – 31 March 1765), later the Countess of Cosel, was a German lady-in-waiting and noblewoman, and mistress of Augustus the Strong, King of Poland and Elector of Saxony, in 1706-1713.

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Anna Ivanovna Kramer

Anna Ivanovna Kramer (1694-1770), was a Russian court official.

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Anna Jöransdotter

Anna Jöransdotter (floruit 1714), was a Finnish soldier.

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Anna Krefting

Anna Paulsdatter Krefting née Vogt (1683-1766), was a Norwegian businesswoman who ran and expanded her family's business enterprises in and around Christiania for over 50 years.

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Anna Woynarowska

Anna Woynarowska (died after 1742), was a Polish noble.

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Annenkrone

Annenkrone (St Anne's Crown, Анненские укрепления, Annenskiye ukrepleniya, Pyhän Annan kruunu) is an early 18th century fortification in Vyborg, Russia.

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Annenschule

Saint Anna German High School (Главное немецкое училище Святой Анны), usually known as Annenschule (Анненшуле), was a school in Saint Petersburg, Russia founded in 1736 for children of the German population of the city.

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Annika Svahn

Annika Svahn (fl. 1714), was a Finnish prisoner of war during the Great Northern War.

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Anrep family

Anrep is a family, belonging to Swedish and Russian nobility.

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Anthony Sadowski

Anthony Sadowski (c. 1669 – April 22, 1736) was a Polish-born Indian trader and interpreter employed by the provincial governor of Pennsylvania as an Indian agent in the western country.

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Anti-Russian sentiment

Anti-Russian sentiment or Russophobia is a diverse spectrum of negative feelings, dislikes, fears, aversion, derision and/or prejudice of Russia, Russians or Russian culture.

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Anton Egon, Prince of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg

Anton Egon (23 April 1656 – 10 October 1716), a member of the Swabian House of Fürstenberg, was Imperial Prince and Princely Landgrave of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg from 1674 until his death.

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Archipelago fleet

The archipelago fleet (skärgårdsflottan), officially the Fleet of the army (arméns flotta), was a branch of the armed forces of Sweden which existed between 1756 and 1823.

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Archipelago National Park

Archipelago National Park (Skärgårdshavets nationalpark, Saaristomeren kansallispuisto) is a national park in Southwest Finland.

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Architecture of Estonia

This article covers the architecture of Estonia.

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Architecture of Finland

The architecture of Finland has a history spanning over 800 years, and while up until the modern era the architecture was strongly influenced by currents from Finland's two respective neighbouring ruling nations, Sweden and Russia, from the early 19th century onwards influences came directly from further afield; first when itinerant foreign architects took up positions in the country and then when the Finnish architect profession became established.

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Arkhangelsk

Arkhangelsk (p), also known in English as Archangel and Archangelsk, is a city and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, in the north of European Russia.

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Arkhangelsk Gostiny Dvor

The Merchant Court (Гостиный двор) is a network of fortified depots built on the Pur-Navolok promontory in Arkhangelsk by a team of German and Dutch masons between 1668 and 1684.

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Artillery Regiment (1636)

The Artillery Regiment (Artilleriregementet) was a Swedish Army artillery regiment that traced its origins back to the 17th century.

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Arvid Axel Mardefelt

Freiherr Arvid Axel Mardefelt (around 1655 – Jakin, Poland May 18, 1708) was a Swedish Infantry General from the 18th century and a familiar of Charles XII of Sweden.

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Arvid Horn

Count Arvid Bernhard Horn af Ekebyholm (6 April 166417 April 1742) was a Swedish General, diplomat and politician.

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Ascension Convent (Kiev)

The Ascension Convent (Флорівський монастир, Флоровский монастырь) in the Kievan neighbourhood of Podil, also known as the Florivsky, originated in the 16th century as the wooden church of Sts.

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Assens, Denmark

Assens is a town with a population of 5,956 (1 January 2014) on the west coast of the island of Funen on the eastern side of the Little Belt in central Denmark.

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Atla, Rapla County

Atla is a village in Juuru Parish, Rapla County, Estonia.

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Attack on Marstrand

The Attack on Marstrand was a successful Dano-Norwegian siege of Marstrand and Carlsten fortress which took place from July 10 to 16, 1719 during the end of the Great Nordic War.

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Augustus II the Strong

Augustus II the Strong (August II.; August II Mocny; Augustas II; 12 May 16701 February 1733) of the Albertine line of the House of Wettin was Elector of Saxony (as Frederick Augustus I), Imperial Vicar and elected King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania.

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Augustus III of Poland

Augustus III (August III Sas, Augustas III; 17 October 1696 5 October 1763) was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1734 until 1763, as well as Elector of Saxony in the Holy Roman Empire from 1733 until 1763 where he was known as Frederick Augustus II (Friedrich August II).

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Axel Erik Roos

Axel Erik Roos (1684 in Årnäs in Västergötland – December 14, 1765 in Lövåsen, Gestad, Dalsland, Sweden) was a baron, lieutenant general in the Swedish army of Charles XII of Sweden, and governor of Dalsland.

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Östergötland Infantry Regiment

The Östergötland Infantry Regiment (Östgöta infanteriregemente) was a Swedish Army infantry regiment that traced its origins back to the 16th century.

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Ølsted, Halsnæs Municipality

Ølsted is a small town located south of Frederiksværk, between Lake Arre to the northeast and Roskilde Fjord to the west, in Halsnæs Municipality, some 50 km northwest of Copenhagen, Denmark.

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Āgenskalns

Āgenskalns (historically known also as Hāgenskalns or Hagensberg) is a district in Riga, located on the left bank of the Daugava, an old neighbourhood, mainly built in the late 19th to early 20th century.

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Łaszczów

Łaszczów is a town in Tomaszów Lubelski County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.

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Šventoji, Lithuania

Šventoji (Sventāja) is a small resort town on the coast of the Baltic Sea in Lithuania.

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Baligród

Baligród (Балигород, Balyhorod) is a village in Lesko County, in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship (province) of south-eastern Poland.

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Baltacı Mehmet Pasha

Baltacı Mehmet Pasha (also called Pakçemüezzin Baltacı Mehmet Pasha, sometimes known just as Baltacı or Baltadji; 1662, Osmancık – July 1712, Lemnos) was an Ottoman statesman who served as grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire from 1704 to 1706, and as Kapudan Pasha (grand admiral of the Ottoman Navy) in 1704.

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Balthasar Denner

Balthasar Denner (15 November 1685 – 14 April 1749) was a German painter, highly regarded as a portraitist.

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Baltic Fleet

The Baltic Fleet (Балтийский флот) is the fleet of the Russian Navy in the Baltic Sea.

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Baltic Germans

The Baltic Germans (Deutsch-Balten or Deutschbalten, later Baltendeutsche) are ethnic German inhabitants of the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea, in what today are Estonia and Latvia.

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Baltic governorates

The Baltic governorates (Прибалтийские губернии), originally the Ostsee governorates (Ostseegouvernements, Остзейские губернии), was a collective name for the administrative units of the Russian Empire set up in the territories of Swedish Estonia, Swedish Livonia (1721) and, afterwards, of Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (1795).

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Baltic knighthoods

Baltic Noble Corporations of Courland, Livonia, Estonia, and Oesel (Ösel) were medieval fiefdoms formed by German nobles in the 13th century under vassalage to the Teutonic Knights and Denmark in modern Latvia and Estonia.

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Baltic Sea

The Baltic Sea is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, enclosed by Scandinavia, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Russia, Poland, Germany and the North and Central European Plain.

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Baltic states

The Baltic states, also known as the Baltic countries, Baltic republics, Baltic nations or simply the Baltics (Balti riigid, Baltimaad, Baltijas valstis, Baltijos valstybės), is a geopolitical term used for grouping the three sovereign countries in Northern Europe on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea: Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania.

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Baltzar von Dahlheim

Carl Baltzar von Dahlheim (1669-1756) was a German-Swedish military officer, born in Saxony as Baltzar Tahlheim, who distinguished himself serving Sweden during the Great Northern War.

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Bambrzy

Bambrzy (Poznańskie Bambry, German: Posener Bamberger) are Poles who are partly descended from Germans who moved from the area of Bamberg (Upper Franconia, Germany) to villages surrounding Poznań, Poland.

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Barth, Germany

Barth is a town in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.

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Bashkir Uprising (1704–11)

The Bashkir Rebellion from 1704 to 1711 was one of the longest in the series of Bashkir rebellions in the 17th and 18th centuries in the Russian Empire.

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Basmo Fortress

Basmo fortress (Basmo festning) is a former fortification located in the north-western part of Marker municipality in Østfold, Norway.

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Battalion (Sweden)

A Swedish battalion during the mid 17th century up to the mid 18th century was the smallest tactical unit in combat.

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Battle of Ösel Island

The Battle of Osel Island took place on May 24, 1719 (O.S.), during the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Darsūniškis

The Battle of Darsūniškis took place on March 24, 1702 near the town of Darsūniškis (Polish: Dorsuniszki) during the Swedish invasion of Poland in the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Desna

The Battle of Desna, also known as the Crossing of the Desna River, was a three-day operation which took place on 11 to 13 November 1708 during the Swedish invasion of Russia in the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Dynekilen

The naval Battle of Dynekilen (Slaget ved Dynekilen) took place on 8 July 1716 during the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Erastfer

The battle of Erastfer (also Battle of Errestfer, Battle of Erastvere) took place on 29 December 1701 (O.S.) / 30 December 1701 (Swedish calendar) / 9 January / 1702 (N.S.) near Erastfer in eastern Swedish Livonia (present-day Erastvere in Estonia) between a Russian force of around 13,000 regulars along with 6,000 irregulars led by general Boris Sheremetev and a Swedish force of about 3,470 men (at least 1,000 men were absent from the ranks for various reasons on the day of the battle, resulting in an actual fighting force of about 2,200–2,470 men), under the command of Wolmar Anton von Schlippenbach.

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Battle of Fehmarn (1715)

The Action of 24 April 1715 was a battle took place on 24 April 1715, during the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Fladstrand

This inconclusive battle which took place on 11 April 1712 near Fladstrand, Jylland, between Swedish and Danish forces.

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Battle of Fontenoy

The Battle of Fontenoy, 11 May 1745,This article uses the Gregorian calendar (unless otherwise stated).

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Battle of Fraustadt

The Battle of Fraustadt was fought on 2 February 1706 (O.S.) / 3 February 1706 (Swedish calendar) / 13 February 1706 (N.S.) between Sweden and Saxony-Poland and their Russian allies near Fraustadt (now Wschowa) in Poland.

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Battle of Gadebusch

The Battle of Gadebusch or Wakenstädt (20 December 1712) was Sweden's final great victory in the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Gangut

The Battle of Gangut (Гангутское сражение, Riilahden taistelu, Finland Swedish: Slaget vid Rilax, Sjöslaget vid Hangöudd) took place on 27 JulyJul./ 7 August 1714Greg. during the Great Northern War (1700–21), in the waters of Riilahti Bay, north of the Hanko Peninsula, near the site of the modern-day city of Hanko, Finland, between the Swedish Navy and Imperial Russian Navy.

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Battle of Gemauerthof

The Battle of Gemauerthof was a battle in the Great Northern War, fought south of Riga, in present-day Latvia in July 1705.

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Battle of Gothenburg

The Battle of Gothenburg was a Danish attempt to destroy the Swedish squadron in Gothenburg, which was led by Olof Strömstierna.

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Battle of Grengam

The Battle of Grengam (Гренгамское морское сражение, Slaget vid Ledsund, or Slaget vid Föglöfjärden.), Flisön taistelu of 1720 was the last major naval battle in the Great Northern War that took place in the Åland Islands, in the Ledsund strait between the island communities of Föglö and Lemland.

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Battle of Grodno (1706)

The Battle of Grodno (1706) refers to the battle during the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Grodno (1708)

Battle of Grodno (1708) refers to the short battle on January 26, 1708, during the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Høland

The Battle of Høland were two minor skirmishes fought on Mars 9, 1716 in Høland, Norway during the Norwegian campaign of the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Helsingborg

The Battle of Helsingborg (February 28, 1710) was Denmark's failed and final attempt to regain the Scanian lands, lost to Sweden in 1658.

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Battle of Hogland (1705)

The battle of Hogland 1705 was a minor naval battle between the Swedish ship of the line Reval and 7 Russian galleys.

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Battle of Hogland (1713)

The Action of 22 July 1713 was a naval battle between Sweden and the Tsardom of Russia which took place on 22 July 1713 near the shallows of Kalbådagrund.

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Battle of Holowczyn

The Battle of Holowczyn or Holofzin or Golovchin was fought between the Russian forces, and the Swedish army, led by Charles XII of Sweden, only 26 years of age at the time.

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Battle of Hummelshof

Battle of Hummelshof took place on July 19, 1702 (O.S.) near the small town Hummelshof in Swedish Livonia (present-day Estonia).

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Battle of Jakobstadt

The Battle of Jakobstadt (Jēkabpils), (Krzyżbork) was a battle fought in the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Kalisz

The Battle of Kalisz took place on October 29, 1706 in Kalisz, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth during the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Køge Bay (1710)

This indecisive battle took place on 4 October 1710, during the Great Northern War, in Køge Bay, just south of Copenhagen.

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Battle of Kletsk (1706)

The Battle of Kletsk took place on 30 April 1706 (Gregorian calendar), in- and outside the city of Kletsk, Belarus during Charles XII's Polish campaign of 1701–1706, in the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Kliszów

The Battle of Kliszów (Klissow) (Klezow) took place on July 8 (Julian calendar) / July 9 (Swedish calendar) / July 19, 1702 (Gregorian calendar) near Kliszów, Poland-Lithuania, during the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Koniecpol

The Battle of Koniecpol was an encounter in November 1708 during the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Koporye

The Battle of Koporye took place on October 8, 1708 close to Koporye, in the Swedish Empire during the Ingrian campaign in the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Krasnokutsk–Gorodnoye

The Battle of Krasnokutsk–Gorodnoye took place on February 20–22, 1709 (Gregorian calendar), in the Swedish campaign of Russia during the Great Northern War 1700-1721.

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Battle of Lesnaya

The Battle of Lesnaya (Битва при Лесной Bitva pri Lesnoy, Slaget vid Lesna, Bitwa pod Leśną), was one of the major battles of the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Lwów

During its long and complicated history, the Ukrainian city of Lviv (Львів, Lwów, Lvov, Leopolis, or Lemberg) was the site of several major battles and sieges.

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Battle of Malatitze

The Battle of Molyatichi (Swedish: Malatitze), also known as the Battle of Dobroye, took place on August 31, 1708 at Molyatichi (present-day Belarus near the Russian border) during the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Napue

The Battle of Napue was fought on February 19, 1714 (O.S.) / March 2, 1714 (N.S.) at the villages of Napue and Laurola in the Isokyrö parish of the Swedish Empire (modern Finland) between the Swedish Empire and the Tsardom of Russia.

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Battle of Narva

The following are famous battles that took place around Narva.

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Battle of Narva (1700)

The Battle of Narva (Битва при Нарве; Slaget vid Narva) on (20 November in the Swedish transitional calendar) was an early battle in the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Olkieniki (1706)

The Battle of Olkieniki took place at March 6, 1706 close to the town of Olkieniki in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (today Valkininkai in Lithuania) during the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Oposhnya

The Battle of Oposhnya was a battle which took place on February 8, 1709 during the Swedish invasion of Russia in the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Orford Ness (1704)

The Battle of Orford Ness took place between a southbound Swedish convoy escorted by the Swedish warship Öland and an English squadron "some miles" off Orford Ness on 27 July 1704 (Julian Calendar).

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Battle of Pälkäne

The Battle of Pälkäne, sometimes called the Battle at Kostianvirta or Battle on the Pialkiane River (Битва на реке Пялькяне) was fought between the Russian army under Admiral Fyodor Apraksin and the defending Finnish army of Sweden under General Carl Gustaf Armfeldt on 17 October 1713, as part of the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Petschora

The Battle of Petschora took place on February 23, 1701 near the village of Pechory, Russia during the second year of the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Poltava

The Battle of Poltava (Slaget vid Poltava; Полта́вская би́тва; Полта́вська би́тва) on 27 June 1709 (8 July, N.S.) was the decisive victory of Peter I of Russia, also known as "the Great," over the Swedish forces under Field Marshal Carl Gustav Rehnskiöld, in one of the battles of the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Poniec

The Battle of Poniec took place on October 28, 1704 in Poniec, Poland, during the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Poznań (1704)

The Battle of Poznań was a battle that took place on August 9, 1704 in Poznań, Poland during the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Praga (1705)

The Battle of Praga took place on October 25, 1705 near the town of Warsaw, Poland during the fifth year of the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Pułtusk (1703)

The Battle of Pułtusk took place on April 21, 1703 in Pułtusk during the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Rajovka

The Battle of Rajovka took place on September 20, 1708 near Rajovka during the Swedish invasion of Russia in the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Rauge

The Battle of Rauge was a battle that took place on 15 September 1701 near Rõuge, Livonia during the Great Northern War in which the Swedes defeated the numerically superior Russians.

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Battle of Rügen (1715)

Battle of Rügen was a major naval battle fought on August 8, 1715 outside the Swedish island of Rügen (present-day Germany) during the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Saladen

The Battle of Saladen was a battle that took place on 19 March 1703 near Saločiai, Lithuania during the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Sokolki

The Battle of Sokolka took place on April 23, 1709, near the town of Poltava, Ukraine, during the ninth year of the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Stäket

The Battle of Stäket was a minor battle during the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Stångebro

The Battle of Stångebro, or the Battle of Linköping, took place at Linköping, Sweden, on 25 September 1598 (O.S.) and effectively ended the personal union between Sweden and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, that had existed since 1592.

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Battle of Stralsund

Battle of Stralsund may refer to any of the following battles and/or sieges.

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Battle of Strömstad

The Battle of Strömstad took place on July 19, 1717 at Strömstad during the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Stresow

The successful Landing on Groß Stresow by Prussian, Danish and Saxon troops took place on 15 November 1715 on the island of Rügen, Germany during the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Systerbäck

The Battle of Systerbäck took place on July 19, 1703 near the Sestra River during the Great Northern War.

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Battle of the Neva (1708)

The Battle of the Neva was a battle which took place on September 9, 1708 during the Swedish invasion of Russia in the Great Northern War.

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Battle of the Palaces

The "Battle of the Palaces" occurred in the Russian Empire in the last decade of the reign of Catherine II (1784–1796) and the reign of Paul I (1796–1801), with ripple effects extending into the beginning of the reign of Alexander I. A bitter standoff between Catherine and Paul, her only legitimate son and heir, manifested itself in transient political and ideological conflicts, but also had a lasting, tangible impact on Russian architecture.

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Battle of Varja

The Battle of Varja took place on November 7, 1700 close to at the villages of Varja and Aa, in the Swedish Empire during the Estonian campaign of the first year in the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Vilnius (1702)

The Battle of Vilnius was a battle which took place on 16 April 1702 in Vilnius, the capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, during the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Warsaw (1705)

The Battle of Warsaw (also known as the Battle of Rakowitz or Rakowiec)Rakowiec later became part of the Ochota district of Warsaw.

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Battle of Wesenberg (1704)

The Battle of Wesenberg took place on June 26, 1704 close to Rakvere (Wesenberg) during the Great Northern War.

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Battle of Wismar (1711)

The Battle of Wismar took place on December 5, 1711 close to Wismar, Swedish Empire during the Great Northern War.

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Battles at Göta Älv

The battles at Göta älv were a series of battles and sieges which took place in and around the Gothenburg area between 1717 and 1719, between the Swedish Empire and Denmark-Norway, during the Great Northern War.

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Baturyn

Batúryn (Бату́рин), is a historic town in Chernihiv Oblast (province) of northern Ukraine.

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Bauska

Bauska is a town in Bauska Municipality, in the Zemgale region of southern Latvia.

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Bauska Castle

Bauska Castle (Schloss Bauske) is a complex consisting of the ruins of an earlier castle and a later palace on the outskirts of the Latvian city of Bauska.

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Błażowa

Błażowa (בלאזשאוו) is a town in Rzeszów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland, with a population of 2,121 inhabitants (02.06.2009).

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Belarusian resistance movement

Belarusian resistance movement are the resistance movements on the territory of contemporary Belarus.

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Benjamin Danielsson Roth

Benjamin Danielsson Roth (German: Roht) was a Saxon blacksmith and farrier who emigrated to Sweden sometime between 1706 and 1709 during the Great Northern War.

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Berezina River

The Berezina or Biarezina (Бярэ́зіна) is a river in Belarus and a tributary of the Dnieper River.

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Bergenhus Regiment

The Bergenhus Regiment was a Norwegian Army infantry regiment located in the counties of Hordaland and Sogn og Fjordane.

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Black Death migration

The Black Death was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, resulting in the deaths of an estimated 75 to 200 million people in Eurasia and peaking in Europe from 1346 to 1353.

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Bochnia

Bochnia (German: Salzberg) is a town of 30,000 inhabitants on the river Raba in southern Poland.

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Boguchwała

Boguchwała is a town in Rzeszów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland.

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Bohodukhiv

Bohodukhiv (Богодухів, Богоду́хов, translit. Bogodukhov) is a city in Kharkiv Oblast (province) of eastern Ukraine.

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Bollhuset

Bollhuset, also called Stora Bollhuset (The Big Ball House), Bollhusteatern (Ball House Theater), and Gamla Bollhuset (Old Ball House) at various times, was the name of the first theater in Stockholm, Sweden; it was the first Swedish theater and the first real theater building in the whole of Scandinavia.

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Boris Kurakin

Prince Boris Ivanovich Kurakin (Борис Иванович Куракин in Russian) (30 July 1676, Moscow – 28 October 1727, Paris) was the third permanent Russian ambassador abroad, succeeding Andrey Matveyev in The Hague and one of the closest associates of Peter the Great.

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Boris Sheremetev

Boris Petrovich Sheremetev (Бори́с Петро́вич Шереме́тев; –) was a Russian diplomat and general field marshal during the Great Northern War.

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Brandenburg-Prussia

Brandenburg-Prussia (Brandenburg-Preußen) is the historiographic denomination for the Early Modern realm of the Brandenburgian Hohenzollerns between 1618 and 1701.

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Brandenburg–Pomeranian conflict

Starting in the 12th century, the Margraviate, later Electorate, of Brandenburg was in conflict with the neighboring Duchy of Pomerania over frontier territories claimed by them both, and over the status of the Pomeranian duchy, which Brandenburg claimed as a fief, whereas Pomerania claimed Imperial immediacy.

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Breaking wheel

The breaking wheel, also known as the Catherine wheel or simply the wheel, was a torture device used for public execution from antiquity into early modern times by breaking a criminal's bones and/or bludgeoning them to death.

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Bremen Infantry Regiment (Sweden)

The Bremen Infantry Regiment (Bremiska infanteriregementet), was a Swedish Army infantry regiment organised in Germany in the early 18th century.

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Bremen-Verden

Bremen-Verden, formally the Duchies of Bremen and Verden (Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden), were two territories and immediate fiefs of the Holy Roman Empire, which emerged and gained imperial immediacy in 1180. By their original constitution they were prince-bishoprics of the Archdiocese of Bremen and Bishopric of Verden. In 1648, both prince-bishoprics were secularised, meaning that they were transformed into hereditary monarchies by constitution, and from then on both the Duchy of Bremen and the Duchy of Verden were always ruled in personal union, initially by the royal houses of Sweden, the House of Vasa and the House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, and later by the House of Hanover. With the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, Bremen-Verden's status as fiefs of imperial immediacy became void; as they had been in personal union with the neighbouring Kingdom of Hanover, they were incorporated into that state.

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Bremervörde

Bremervörde is a town in the north of the district (Landkreis) of Rotenburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany.

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Brigitta Scherzenfeldt

Brigitta Christina Scherzenfeldt, as married Bernow, Lindström, Ziems, and Renat (1684 – 4 April 1736), was a Swedish memoirist and weaving teacher who was captured during the Great Northern War and lived as a slave in the Dzungar Khanate in Central Asia.

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Brita Olsdotter

Brita Olsdotter (fl. 1719) was an old Swedish woman who, according to legend, saved the city of Linköping from being burnt by the Russians during the Great Northern War.

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Brotherhood of Blackheads

The Brotherhood of Blackheads (Mustpeade vennaskond; Bruderschaft der Schwarzhäupter; Melngalvju brālības) is an association of local unmarried merchants, ship owners, and foreigners that was active in Livonia (present-day Estonia and Latvia) from the mid-14th century till 1940 but still remains active in present day Hamburg.

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Bulavin Rebellion

The Bulavin Rebellion (Astrakhan Revolt) is the name given to a war of Don Cossacks against Imperial Russia between the years 1707 and 1708.

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Byaroza

Biaroza (Бяро́за, official Belarusian romanization standard: Biaroza, formerly Бяро́за-Карту́зская; Beryoza; Bereza) is a town of 31 000 inhabitants (1995) in Western Belarus in Brest Region and the administrative center of the Byaroza District.

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Byaroza Monastery

Byaroza monastery refers to the ruins of the former Carthusian baroque Roman Catholic Monastery of the Holy Cross, constructed in the seventeenth century in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and today situated in Belarus.

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Bydgoszcz

Bydgoszcz (Bromberg; Bydgostia) is a city in northern Poland, on the Brda and Vistula rivers.

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Cameralism

Cameralism (German: Kameralismus) was a German science and technology of administration in the 18th and early 19th centuries.

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Campaign of Grodno

The Campaign of Grodno was a plan developed by Johann Patkul and Otto Arnold von Paykull during the Swedish invasion of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, a part of the Great Northern War.

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Capitulation of Estonia and Livonia

With the Capitulation of Estonia and Livonia in 1710 the Swedish dominions Estonia and Livonia were integrated into the Russian EmpireLuts (2006), p. 159 following their conquest during the Great Northern War.

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Carl Ewald von Rönne

Carl Ewald von Rönne (15 December 1663 – 29 December 1716) was a German-born Russian cavalry officer.

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Carl Gustaf Armfeldt

Carl Gustaf Armfeldt (9 November 1666 – 24 October 1736) was a Swedish officer, general and friherre (baron) who took part in the Great Northern War.

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Carl Gustaf Creutz

Carl Gustaf Creutz (1660−1728) was a Swedish general.

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Carl Gustav Rehnskiöld

Count Carl Gustav Rehnskiöld (6 August 1651 – 29 January 1722) was a Swedish Field Marshal under the command of King Karl XII of Sweden.

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Carl Gyllenborg

Count Carl Gyllenborg (7 March 1679 in Stockholm – 9 December 1746 in Uppsala) was a Swedish statesman and author.

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Carl Henrik Wrangel

Carl Henrik Wrangel, friherre Wrangel af Adinal (28 January 1681 – 23 March 1755) was an officer of the Swedish Army, eventually attaining the rank of Field Marshal.

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Carl Nieroth

Carl Gustaf von Nieroth (died 1712) was a Swedish officer and Governor-General of Swedish Estonia 1709–1710 (though not formally installed) and of Finland 1710–1712.

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Carl Oscar Munthe

Carl Oscar Munthe (12 December 1861 – 20 December 1952) was a Norwegian military officer and historian.

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Carl Piper

Carl, Count (or Greve) Piper (July 29, 1647, Stockholm – May 29, 1716, Schlüsselburg) was a Swedish statesman.

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Carl Rudolf, Duke of Württemberg-Neuenstadt

Carl Rudolf (Neuenstadt am Kocher, 29 May 1667 – Neuenstadt am Kocher, 17 November 1742) was third and last Duke of Württemberg-Neuenstadt, army commander in Danish service and Field Marshal of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Carlo Bartolomeo Rastrelli

Carlo Bartolomeo Rastrelli (1675 in Florence, Italy – 18 November 1744 in Saint Petersburg, Russia) was an Italian sculptor and architect.

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Carlsburg, Weser

Carlsburg (also Carolus-Stadt or Carolsburg) was a 17th-century fortified town in Swedish Bremen-Verden at the confluence of the Weser and Geeste rivers, at the site of modern Bremerhaven, Germany.

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Carmelite Church, Lviv

The Carmelite Church in Lviv was first mentioned in 1634 as the church of the monastery of the Barefoot Carmelites.

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Carolean Death March

The Carolean Death March (karolinernas dödsmarsch) or the Catastrophe of Øyfjellet refers to the disastrous retreat by a Swedish Carolean army under the command of Carl Gustaf Armfeldt across the Tydal mountain range in Trøndelag around the new year 1718–1719.

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Caroleans

Caroleans (karoliner) were the soldiers of the Swedish kings Charles XI and Charles XII whose notable tactics differed from that of Western Europe through a greater reliance upon pikes, rapiers, bayonets and the spirit of the offensive.

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Carolus Rex (album)

Carolus Rex is the sixth studio album by Swedish power metal band Sabaton.

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Caspar Herman Hausmann

Caspar Herman Hausmann was a Danish-Norwegian General, lumber merchant and squire. He was born 10 January 1653 at Segeberg in the Danish duchy of Holsten (now Holstein), which was then in union with Denmark-Norway. He died 9 September 1718 in Christiania (now Oslo) and lies in a crypt in Oslo Cathedral. He was married to Karen Nielsdatter Toller (1662–1742). He was a half-brother by Margaret Pape with Ulrik Frederik Gyldenløve (1638–1704) — Gyldenløve was King Frederick III of Denmark's acknowledged illegitimate son and Statholder (viceroy) to Norway from 1664 until 1699.

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Catharina Bröms

Catharina Bröms (1665-1735), was a Swedish ironmaster.

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Catholic Church in Estonia

The Catholic Church in Estonia is the national branch of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope in Rome.

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Cēsis

Cēsis, (Wenden, Venden, Võnnu, Kieś) is a town in Latvia located in the northern part of the Central Vidzeme Upland.

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Cēsis Castle

Cēsis Castle is a Livonian castle situated in Cēsis, Latvia.

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Chancellor of Justice

The Chancellor of Justice is a government official found in some northern European countries, broadly responsible for supervising the lawfulness of government actions.

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Charles Frederick, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp

Duke Charles Frederick of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp (30 April 1700 – 18 June 1739) was a Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp and an important member of European royalty.

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Charles Whitworth, 1st Baron Whitworth

Charles Whitworth, 1st Baron Whitworth (14 October 1675 – 23 October 1725) was a British diplomat.

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Charles XII of Sweden

Charles XII, also Carl (Karl XII; 17 June 1682 – 30 November 1718 O.S.), Latinized to Carolus Rex, was the King of Sweden from 1697 to 1718.

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Charles' Church, Tallinn

Charles Church (Estonian: Kaarli kirik) is a Lutheran church in Tallinn, Estonia, built 1862-1870 to plans by Otto Pius Hippius.

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Christen Thomesen Sehested

Christen Thomesen Sehested (24 August 1664 – 1736), born in Copenhagen, was son of a lieutenant-colonel, Axel Sehested, and grandson of the King's chancellor Christen Thomesen Sehested, who died in 1657.

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Christian Albert, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp

Christian Albert (Gottorp –, Gottorp) was a duke of Holstein-Gottorp and bishop of Lübeck.

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Christian August of Holstein-Gottorp, Prince of Eutin

Christian August of Holstein-Gottorp-Eutin (11 January 1673 – 24 April 1726) was a cadet of the reigning ducal House of Holstein-Gottorp who became prince of Eutin, prince-bishop of Lübeck and regent of the Duchy of Holstein-Gottorp.

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Christian Detlev Reventlow

Christian Detlev, Count von Reventlow (1671–1738) was a Danish military leader and diplomat.

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Christian Jacobsen Drakenberg

Christian Jacobsen Drakenberg (18 November 1626 (?) – 9 October 1772) was a Norwegian sailor who, according to his information, was born in 1626 in Blomsholm, Norway and thus reached the age of 145.

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Christian Nicolaus von Linger

Christian Nicolaus von Linger, (5 April 1669 in Berlin, died 17 April 1755), was a Prussian general.

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Christian Thomsen Carl

Christian Thomsen Carl, Christian Thomasen Carl, Christian Thomæsen Carl, Christian Thomesen Carl, Christen Thomasen Carl or Christen Thomesen Carl, in German tradition Carlson or Karlson, rarely Carlsen (born 1676 in Assens, Funen - died 29 March 1713 in Greifswald, Swedish Pomerania) was a Danish naval officer.

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Christiansfjell Fortress

Christiansfjeld Fortress is a former fortification located at Elverum in Hedmark, Norway.

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Christina Piper

Christina Piper, née Törne (1673 in Stockholm – 1752 in Krageholm Castle, Scania), was a Swedish countess, landowner and entrepreneur, married to the statesman and military count Carl Piper.

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Christoph Wilhelm von Kalckstein

Christoph Wilhelm von Kalckstein (17 October 1682 – 2 June 1759) was a Prussian count, field marshal, teacher and educator of King Frederick II of Prussia.

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Chrzanów

Chrzanów is a town in southern Poland with 39,704 inhabitants.

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Church of Saint John the Baptist, Kamai

Church of Saint John the Baptist (Касьцёл Сьвятога Яна Хрысьціцеля) is a parish Catholic Church in the village Kamai in the Pastavy District of Vitebsk Region, Belarus.

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Church of St. Lawrence, Lohja

The Church of St.

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Church of St. Paraskeva, Vilnius

St.

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Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Muravanka

Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary (Царква Раства Багародзіцы) is an Eastern Orthodox church in Muravanka, Shchuchyn District, Hrodna Province, in Belarus.

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Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Warsaw

The Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary is a Roman Catholic church located at 80 Solidarności Avenue (formerly 32 Leszno Street) in Warsaw.

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Church of the Saviour, Tyumen

The Church of the Saviour, also known as the Church of the Image of "The Saviour Not Made by Hands" (Храм в честь Нерукотворённого О́браза Спа́са, Khram v chest' Nerukotvoryonogo Obraza Spasa) or shorter Spasskaya Church (Спасская Церковь, Spasskaya Tserkov), is a church in Tyumen, Tyumen Oblast, Russia, located at Lenin Street, 43, in a crossroad between the Chelyuskintsev Street.

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Churches in Norway

Church building in Norway began when Christianity was established there around the year 1000.

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Chyhyryn Regiment

The Chyhyryn Regiment was one of the seventeen territorial-administrative subdivisions of the Hetman State.

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City of Military Glory

City of Military Glory («Город воинской славы») is an honorary title bestowed upon the citizenry of Russian cities, where soldiers had displayed courage and heroism during the Second World War.

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Civil Code of 1734

The Civil Code of 1734 (Swedish: 1734 års lag), was passed by the Swedish Riksdag of the Estates in 1734, and put in effect after it had been ratified by Frederick I of Sweden 23 January 1736.

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Civil war in Poland (1704–06)

The civil war in Poland (1704–1706) was a part of a larger European conflict, the Great Northern War.

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Coastal batteries of Estonia

The coastal batteries presented itself as a powerful strike force of Estonian Navy between 1918 and 1940.

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Coat of arms of Saint Petersburg

The coat of arms of Saint Petersburg is the official symbol of the city and was adopted in April 2003.

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Cold-weather warfare

Cold-weather warfare, also known as Arctic warfare or winter warfare, encompasses military operations affected by snow, ice, thawing conditions or cold, both on land and at sea.

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Commander-in-Chief, English Channel (Royal Navy)

The Commander-in-Chief, English Channel or formally Commander-in-Chief, of His Majesty's Ships in the Channel was a senior commander of the Royal Navy.

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Conrad von Reventlow

Conrad, Count von Reventlow (April 21, 1644 – July 21, 1708) was a Danish statesman and the first "Grand Chancellor of Denmark" (Danmarks storkansler), a predecessor title of the Prime Minister of Denmark, from 1699 until his death.

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Cornelius Kruys

Cornelius Cruys (Крюйс, Корнелий Иванович) (1655 – 1727) was a Norwegian-Dutch admiral of the Imperial Russian Navy and the first commander of the Russian Baltic Fleet.

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Cossack Hetmanate

The Cossack Hetmanate (Гетьманщина), officially known as Zaporizhian Host (Військо Запорозьке), was a Cossack state in Central Ukraine between 1649 and 1764 (some sources claim until 1782).

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Cossacks

Cossacks (козаки́, translit, kozaky, казакi, kozacy, Czecho-Slovak: kozáci, kozákok Pronunciations.

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Count Johann Hartwig Ernst von Bernstorff

Count Johann Hartwig Ernst von Bernstorff (Johann Hartwig Ernst Graf von Bernstorff; 13 May 1712 – 18 February 1772) was a German-Danish statesman and a member of the Bernstorff noble family of Mecklenburg.

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Crimean–Nogai raids into East Slavic lands

The Crimean-Nogai raids were slave raids carried out by the Khanate of Crimea and by the Nogai Horde into the region of Rus' then controlled by the Grand Duchy of Moscow (until 1547), by the Tsardom of Russia (1547-1721), by the Russian Empire (1721 onwards) and by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1569).

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Crossing of the Düna

The Crossing of the Düna (also known as Battle of Riga) took place during the Great Northern War on July 8 (Julian calendar) / July 9 (Swedish calendar) / July 19 (Gregorian calendar) 1701 near the city of Riga, present-day Latvia.

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Culottes

Culottes are an item of clothing worn on the lower half of the body.

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Culture of Estonia

The culture of Estonia combines an indigenous heritage, represented by the country's Finnic national language Estonian, with Nordic cultural aspects.

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Czartoryski Palace (Puławy)

The Czartoryski Palace (Pałac Czartoryskich) is a palace in the town of Pulawy, Poland.

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Częstochowa

Częstochowa,, is a city in southern Poland on the Warta River with 240,027 inhabitants as of June 2009.

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Dalarna Regiment

The Dalarna Regiment (Dalregementet), designations I 13 and I 13/Fo 53, was a Swedish Army infantry regiment that traced its origins back to the 16th century.

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Danish Auxiliary Corps in Anglo-Dutch service 1701–1714

Having been forced to sue for peace with Sweden in 1700, the Danish army was much larger than the kingdom could support.

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Danish Auxiliary Corps in Habsburg service 1701–1709

After having been forced to sue for peace with Sweden in 1700, the Danish army was much larger than the kingdom could support.

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Danish Defence

The Danish Defence (Forsvaret, Danska verjan, Illersuisut) is the unified armed forces of the Kingdom of Denmark, charged with the defence of Denmark and its constituent, self-governing nations Greenland and the Faroe Islands.

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Danish ironclad Tordenskjold

The Danish ironclad Tordenskjold was a coast defence barbette ironclad named for Peter Tordenskjold, victor in the Battle of Dynekilen during the Great Northern War in 1716.

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Dannebroge

The Dannebroge was a Dano-Norwegian ship-of-the-line that exploded and sunk October 4, 1710, during the Great Northern War.

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Dano-Swedish war

Dano-Swedish War may refer to one of many wars between Denmark-Norway and Sweden or just wars between Sweden and Denmark.

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Danylo Apostol

Danylo Apostol (1654–1734), was a Hetman of Zaporizhian Host from 1727 to 1734.

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Darsūniškis

Darsūniškis (Dorsuniszki, דאַרשונישאָק, Darshonishok) is a settlement on the Nemunas River in Kaišiadorys District Municipality, western Lithuania.

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Daugavgrīvas fortress

Daugavgrīvas fortress (German: Dünamünder Schanze, Festung Dünamünde, Polish: twierdza Dynemunt, Russian: крепость Дюнамюнде, Усть-Двинск, Swedish: Neumünde) is a fortress built in the Swedish Livonia in the 17th century.

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Dębica

Dębica (דעמביץ Dembitz) is a city in southeastern Poland with 46,693 inhabitants, as of 2 June 2009.

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Demographics of Latvia

This article is about the demographic features of the population of the historical territory of Latvia, including population density, ethnic background, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

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Denmark

Denmark (Danmark), officially the Kingdom of Denmark,Kongeriget Danmark,.

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Detailed logarithmic timeline

This timeline shows the whole history of the universe, the Earth, and mankind in one table.

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Ditlev Vibe

Ditlev Vibe (15 October 1670 – 5 October 1731) was a Danish government official and Governor-general of Norway.

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Dobele Castle

Dobele Castle is a castle in the town of Dobele on the west bank of the river, in the historical region of Zemgale, in Latvia.

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Dominions of Sweden

The Dominions of Sweden or Svenska besittningar ("Swedish possessions") were territories that historically came under control of the Swedish Crown, but never became fully integrated with Sweden.

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Dominium maris baltici

The establishment of a dominium maris baltici ("Baltic Sea dominion") was one of the primary political aims of the Danish and Swedish kingdoms in the late medieval and early modern eras.

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Drabiv

Drabiv (Драбів) is an urban-type settlement located in Cherkasy Oblast (province) in the central Ukraine.

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Dresden Armoury

The Dresden Armoury or Dresden Armory (German: Rüstkammer), also known as the Dresden Historical Museum (German: Historisches Museum Dresden), is one of the world's largest collections of ceremonial weapons, armour and historical textiles.

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Drohiczyn

Drohiczyn (Drohičinas, Дарагічын, Дорогочин, Дорогичин) is a town in Siemiatycze County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland.

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Drottningholm Palace

The Drottningholm Palace (Drottningholms slott) is the private residence of the Swedish royal family.

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Ducal Castle, Szczecin

The Ducal Castle in Szczecin, Poland, was the seat of the dukes of Pomerania-Stettin of the House of Pomerania (Griffins), who ruled the Duchy of Pomerania from 1121 to 1637.

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Duchy of Courland and Semigallia

The Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (Ducatus Curlandiæ et Semigalliæ, Księstwo Kurlandii i Semigalii, Herzogtum Kurland und Semgallen, Kurzemes un Zemgales hercogiste) was a duchy in the Baltic region that existed from 1561 to 1569 as a vassal state of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and from 1569 to 1726 to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, incorporated into the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth by Sejm in 1726, On 28 March 1795, it was annexed by the Russian Empire in the Third Partition of Poland.

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Duchy of Estonia (1219–1346)

The Duchy of Estonia (Hertugdømmet Estland Ducatus Estonie), also known as Danish Estonia, was a direct dominion (dominium directum) of the King of Denmark from 1219 until 1346 when it was sold to the Teutonic Order and became part of the Ordenstaat.

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Duchy of Estonia (1561–1721)

The Duchy of Estonia (Hertigdömet Estland, Eestimaa hertsogkond, Herzogtum Estland), also known as Swedish Estonia, (italic) was a dominion of the Swedish Empire from 1561 until 1721 during the time that most or all of Estonia was under Swedish rule.

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Duchy of Holstein

The Duchy of Holstein (Herzogtum Holstein, Hertugdømmet Holsten) was the northernmost state of the Holy Roman Empire, located in the present German state of Schleswig-Holstein.

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Duke of Estonia

The first duke of Estonia (Hertug af Estland&thinsp) was appointed in 1220 by Valdemar II after Danish conquest of Estonia during Livonian crusade.

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Duke of Holstein-Gottorp

Holstein-Gottorp or Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp is the historiographical name, as well as contemporary shorthand name, for the parts of the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein, also known as Ducal Holstein, that were ruled by the dukes of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp.

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Dukla

Dukla is a town and an eponymous municipality in southeastern Poland, in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship.

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Dzyatlava

Dziatlava (Дзятлава, Zietela, Zdzięcioł, Дятлово, זשעטל Zhetl) is a town in Belarus in the Hrodna voblast, about 165 km southeast of Hrodna.

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East Prussia

East Prussia (Ostpreußen,; Prusy Wschodnie; Rytų Prūsija; Borussia orientalis; Восточная Пруссия) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1773 to 1829 and again from 1878 (with the Kingdom itself being part of the German Empire from 1871); following World War I it formed part of the Weimar Republic's Free State of Prussia, until 1945.

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Eastern Orthodoxy in Estonia

Eastern Orthodoxy in Estonia is practiced by 12.8% of the population, making it the second most identified religion in this majority-secular state after Lutheran Christianity with 13.6%.

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Economic reforms under Peter the Great

In the year 1682, Peter the Great became the new Tsar of Russia.

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Efremov family

Efremov, (Rus. Ефремов, sometimes transliterated as Yefremov) were a noble family of Don Cossacks origin.

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Eišiškės

Eišiškės (Ejszyszki, Эйши́шки/Eishishki, Эйшы́шкі/Eishyshki, אײשישאׇק/Eyshishok) is a city in southeastern Lithuania on the border with Belarus.

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Elżbieta Sieniawska

Elżbieta Helena Sieniawska née Lubomirska (1669 in Końskowola – 21 March 1729 in Oleszyce) was a Polish noblwoman, Grand Hetmaness of the Crown (Hetmanowa wielka koronna) and renowned patron of arts.

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Eli Sjursdotter

Eli Sjursdotter is a 1938 Norwegian drama film directed by Arne Bornebusch and Leif Sinding, starring Sonja Wigert, Ingjald Haaland and Sten Lindgren.

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Embūte Castle

The ruins of Embūte Castle are located in Embūte, Latvia (Amboten), in the Embūte parish, Vaiņode municipality, not far from an ancient castle hill erected by Curonians.

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Emperor of All Russia

The Emperor or Empress of All Russia ((pre 1918 orthography) Императоръ Всероссійскій, Императрица Всероссійская, (modern orthography) Император Всероссийский, Императрица всероссийская, Imperator Vserossiyskiy, Imperatritsa Vserossiyskaya) was the absolute and later the constitutional monarch of the Russian Empire.

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Erastvere

Erastvere (Errestfer, Erästvere) is a village in Kanepi Parish, Põlva County in southeastern Estonia.

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Erik Dahlbergh

Count Erik Jönsson Dahlbergh (10 October 162516 January 1703) was a Swedish engineer, soldier, and field marshal.

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Ernst Detlof von Krassow

Ernst Detlof von Krassow, Swedish noble and military commander, born around 1660, dead 23 January 1714, freiherr (1707).

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Ernst Gideon von Laudon

Baron Ernst Gideon von Laudon (German: Ernst Gideon Freiherr von Laudon (originally Laudohn or Loudon) (13 February 1717 – 14 July 1790) was an Austrian generalisimo, one of the most successful opponents of the Prussian king Frederick the Great, allegedly lauded by Alexander Suvorov as his teacher. He served the position of military governorship of Habsburg Serbia from his capture of Belgrade in 1789 until his death, cooperating with the resistance fighters of Koča Anđelković.

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Ernst Gottlieb Glück

Ernst Gottlieb Glück (Ernst Gottlieb Glück, Эрнст Готлиб Глюк, about 1698, Marienburg (modern Alūksne), Livonia, Kingdom of Sweden — 14 (25) November 1767, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Empire) was a Russian statesman.

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Esaias Wechter

Esaias Wechter (1701 — 17 May 1776) was a Finnish merchant, early industrialist and politician.

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Estland

* Estland is the modern name for Estonia in German, Swedish, Danish, Norwegian, Dutch and some other Germanic languages, with the notable exception of modern English (Old English did use the term).

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Estonia

Estonia (Eesti), officially the Republic of Estonia (Eesti Vabariik), is a sovereign state in Northern Europe.

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Estonia under Swedish rule

Estonia under Swedish rule signifies the time between 1558 and 1710, when parts of present-day Estonia (and after 1645 all of the present-day country) were under Swedish rule.

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Estonia–Russia relations

Estonia–Russia relations (Российско-эстонские отношения, Eesti-Vene suhted) refers to bilateral foreign relations between Estonia and Russia.

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Estonian Navy

The Estonian Navy (Eesti Merevägi), is the name of the unified naval forces among the Estonia Defence Forces.

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Estonian Swedes

The Estonian Swedes, Estonia-Swedes, or Coastal Swedes (estlandssvenskar, "Estonia Swedes", colloquially aibofolke, "Island People", rannarootslased, i.e. "Coastal Swedes" or eestirootslased) are a Swedish-speaking minority traditionally residing in the coastal areas and islands of what is now western and northern Estonia.

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Evacuation of Kolkanpää

The Evacuation of Kolkanpää took place between October 18 and 27, 1708 close to Kolkanpää, in the Swedish Empire during the Great Northern War.

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Evangelical Lutheran Church in Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Central Asia

The Evangelical Lutheran Church in Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Central Asia (Евангелическо-лютеранская церковь в России, Украине, в Казахстане и Средней Азии), also known as the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Russia and the Other States (ELCROS), is a Lutheran denomination that itself comprises seven regional Lutheran denominations in Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan as well as individual congregations in Azerbaijan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan.

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Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland

The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland (Suomen evankelis-luterilainen kirkko; Evangelisk-lutherska kyrkan i Finland) is a national church of Finland.

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Executions of Cossacks in Lebedin

Executions Cossacks in Lebedin (Катівня в Лебедині), (Казни казаков в Лебедине) was a large scale execution of Ukrainian Cossacks suspected of having sided with Hetman Ivan Mazepa after his break with Tsar Peter I during the Great Northern War.

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Falsters Minder

Falsters Minder (literally Falster's Memories) is the city museum of Nykøbing on the Danish island of Falster.

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Farimagsgade

Vester, Nørre and Øster Farimagsgade (lit. West, North and East Farimagsgade) is a succession of streets which together connect the south-western Vesterbro to the northern Østerbro along the periphery of the city centre in Copenhagen, Denmark.

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February 30

February 30 (or 30 February) occurs on some calendars but not the Gregorian calendar, where the month of February contains only 28 days, or 29 days in a leap year.

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Fehmarn

Fehmarn (Femern) is an island on, since 2003, a town on the island in the Baltic Sea, off the eastern coast of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, and c. 18 kilometers south of the Danish island of Lolland.

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Ferdinand Kettler

Ferdinand Kettler (November 1, 1655 - May 4, 1737) was the Duke of Courland and Semigallia from 1730 to 1737.

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Field of Mars (Saint Petersburg)

The Field of Mars or Marsovo Polye (Ма́рсово по́ле) is a large park named after Mars, the Roman god of war, situated in the center of Saint-Petersburg, with an area of about.

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Finland during the Great Northern War

Finland during the Great Northern War was dominated by the Russian invasion and subsequent military occupation of Finland, then part of Sweden, from 1714 until the treaty of Nystad 1721, which ended the Great Northern War.

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Finland under Swedish rule

Finland under Swedish rule refers to the period in the history of Finland when it was a part of Sweden.

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Finnhorse

The Finnhorse or Finnish Horse (Suomenhevonen, literally "horse of Finland"; nickname: Suokki, or Finskt kallblod, literally "finnish cold-blood") is a horse breed with both riding horse and draught horse influences and characteristics, and is the only breed developed fully in Finland.

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Finnish Orthodox Church

The Finnish Orthodox Church (Suomen ortodoksinen kirkko; Finska Ortodoxa Kyrkan), or Orthodox Church of Finland, is an autonomous Eastern Orthodox archdiocese of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople.

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Foreign policy of the Russian Empire

The Foreign policy of the Russian Empire covers Russian foreign relations down to 1917.

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Fountain

A fountain (from the Latin "fons" (genitive "fontis"), a source or spring) is a piece of architecture which pours water into a basin or jets it into the air to supply drinking water and/or for a decorative or dramatic effect.

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France–Russia relations

France–Russia relations (Российско-французские отношения, Rossiysko-frantsuzskiye otnosheniya) date back to the early modern period.

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Francis II Rákóczi

Francis II Rákóczi (II.,; 27 March 1676 – 8 April 1735) was a Hungarian nobleman and leader of the Hungarian uprising against the Habsburgs in 1703-11 as the prince (fejedelem) of the Estates Confederated for Liberty of the Kingdom of Hungary.

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Fredensborg

Fredensborg is a railway town located in Fredensborg Municipality, North Zealand, some 30 kilometres north of Copenhagen, Denmark.

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Fredensborg Palace

Fredensborg Palace (Fredensborg Slot) is a palace located on the eastern shore of Lake Esrum (Danish, Esrum Sø) in Fredensborg on the island of Zealand (Sjælland) in Denmark.

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Frederick I of Sweden

Frederick I (Fredrik I; 28 April 1676 – 5 April 1751) was prince consort of Sweden from 1718 to 1720, and King of Sweden from 1720 until his death and (as Frederick I) also Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel from 1730.

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Frederick IV of Denmark

Frederick IV (11 October 1671 – 12 October 1730) was the king of Denmark and Norway from 1699 until his death.

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Frederick IV, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp

Frederick IV (18 October 1671 – 19 July 1702) was the reigning Duke of Holstein-Gottorp.

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Frederick Louis, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck

Frederick Louis of Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck (Friedrich Ludwig von Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck; 6 April 1653 – 7 March 1728) was a Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck and field marshal of the Prussian Army.

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Frederick William I of Prussia

Frederick William I (Friedrich Wilhelm I) (14 August 1688 – 31 May 1740), known as the "Soldier King" (Soldatenkönig), was the King in Prussia and Elector of Brandenburg from 1713 until his death in 1740 as well as the father of Frederick the Great.

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Frederick William, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin

Frederick William I, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (28 March 1675 – 31 July 1713) was the reigning Duke of Mecklenburg in the Mecklenburg-Schwerin portion of the duchy of Mecklenburg from 1692 until 1713.

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Frederik Ruysch

Frederik Ruysch (March 28, 1638 – February 22, 1731) was a Dutch botanist and anatomist.

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Frederiksborg Castle

Frederiksborg Castle (Frederiksborg Slot) is a palatial complex in Hillerød, Denmark.

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Frederikshavn

Frederikshavn is a Danish town in Frederikshavn municipality, Region Nordjylland, on the northeast coast of the Jutland peninsula in northern Denmark.

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Friedrich Siegmund von Waldow

Friedrich Sigmund von Waldow was royal Prussian Major General, Chief of the Cuirassier Regiment no 8 and hereditary lord of Mehrenthin.

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Friedrich Wilhelm Quirin von Forcade de Biaix

Friedrich Wilhelm Quirin von Forcade de Biaix,Lange, Page 91 Lehmann, Band 1, Page 34, Nr.

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Frombork

Frombork is a town in northern Poland, on the Vistula Lagoon, in Braniewo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship.

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Funen Life Regiment

The Funen Life Regiment (Fynske Livregiment) was an infantry regiment of the Royal Danish Army.

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Fyodor Apraksin

Count Fyodor Matveyevich Apraksin (also Apraxin; Фёдор Матве́евич Апра́ксин; 27 October 1661 10 November 1728, Moscow) was one of the first Russian admirals, governed Estonia and Karelia from 1712 to 1723, was made general admiral (1708), presided over the Russian Admiralty from 1718 and commanded the Baltic Fleet from 1723.

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Galley

A galley is a type of ship that is propelled mainly by rowing.

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Gangut-class battleship

The Gangut-class battleships, also known as the "Sevastopol class", were the first dreadnoughts begun for the Imperial Russian Navy before World War I. They had a convoluted design history involving several British companies, evolving requirements, an international design competition, and foreign protests.

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Gatchina

Gatchina (Га́тчина) is a town and the administrative center of Gatchinsky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia.

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Gatchinsky District

Gatchinsky District (Га́тчинский райо́н) is an administrativeOblast Law #32-oz and municipalLaw #113-oz district (raion), one of the seventeen in Leningrad Oblast, Russia.

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Gauja

The Gauja River (Koiva jõgi, Livländische Aa) is a river in Vidzeme, Latvia.

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Gauja Estonians

Gauja Estonians (in Estonian Koiva maarahvas) were Estonians who lived along Gauja river in Latvia.

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Gaujiena Castle

Gaujiena Castle (Schloss Adsel; Atsele ordulinnus) is a castle in the historical region of Vidzeme, in northern Latvia.

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Głogów Małopolski

Głogów Małopolski is a town in Rzeszów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland.

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Głowno

Głowno is a town and community in Poland, in Łódź Voivodeship, in Zgierz County, about 25 km northeast of Łódź.

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Georg Lybecker

Georg Lybecker was a Swedish friherre and Lieutenant General of the Swedish Army, he was son to Georg Henrik Lybecker and Catharina Grissbach.

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Georg Philipp Telemann

Georg Philipp Telemann (– 25 June 1767) was a German Baroque composer and multi-instrumentalist.

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Georg Wilhelm de Gennin

Georg Wilhelm de Gennin (Георг Вильгельм де Геннин) or Vilim Ivanovich de Gennin (Вилим Иванович де Геннин) (October 11, 1665 — April 12, 1750) was a German-born Russian military officer and engineer who specialized in mining and metallurgy.

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Georg Wilhelm Richmann

Georg Wilhelm Richmann (Russian: Георг Вильгельм Рихман) (22 July 1711 – 6 August 1753), (Old Style: 11 July 1711 – 26 July 1753) was a Baltic German physicist.

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George Bogislaus Staël von Holstein

George Bogislaus Staël von Holstein (born 6 December 1685 in Narva; died 17 December 1763 in Malmö) was a Swedish baron and field marshal.

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George I of Great Britain

George I (George Louis; Georg Ludwig; 28 May 1660 – 11 June 1727) was King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1 August 1714 and ruler of the Duchy and Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover) in the Holy Roman Empire from 1698 until his death.

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George Rooke

Admiral of the Fleet Sir George Rooke (1650 – 24 January 1709) was an English naval officer.

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Gerhard Johann von Löwenwolde

Gerhard Johann von Löwenwolde (Гергард Иоганн Левенвольде, died 1721)Bushkovitch (2001), p. 295 was a Baltic German Estonian knight.

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Germany–Russia relations

Germany–Russia relations display cyclical patterns, moving back and forth from cooperation and alliance to strain and to total warfare.

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Globe of Gottorf

The Globe of Gottorf (Gottor'''p'''er Globus or Gottor'''f'''er Globus., Den gottorpske kæmpeglobus or Gottorpsk kæmpeglobus) is a 17th-century large globe of the earth in the Kunstkamera museum in St. Petersburg in Russia.

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Gogland

Gogland or Hogland (Гогланд; Suursaari; Hogland, Suursaar, Hochland) is an island in the Gulf of Finland in the eastern Baltic Sea, about 180 km west from Saint Petersburg and 35 km from the coast of Finland (near Kotka).

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Gomel

Gomel (also Homieĺ, Homiel, Homel or Homyel’; Belarusian: Го́мель, Łacinka: Homiel,, Russian: Го́мель) is the administrative centre of Gomel Region and with 526,872 inhabitants (2015 census) the second-most populous city of Belarus.

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Gostilitsy

Gostilitsy is a village and the administrative center of Gostilitskoye Rural Settlement in Lomonosovsky District, Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located several kilometers west of the town of Petergof.

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Gostiny dvor

Gostinyi dvor (p) is a historic Russian term for an indoor market or shopping centre.

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Gottorfer Codex

The Gottorfer Codex (German) or det gottorpske kodeks (Danish) is a four volume work commissioned by Frederick III, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp between 1649 and 1659 to depict the wide assortment of plants that grew in the ducal gardens at Gottorf Castle (Gottorp) in the duchy of Schleswig.

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Government reform of Peter the Great

The government reforms of Peter I aimed to modernize the Tsardom of Russia (later the Russian Empire) based on Western and Central European models.

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Governorate of Estonia

The Governorate of Est(h)onia (Eestimaa kubermang) or Duchy of Estonia, also known as the Government of Estonia, was a governorate of the Russian Empire in what is now northern Estonia.

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Governorate of Livonia

The Governorate of Livonia (Лифляндская губерния, Liflyandskaya guberniya; Gouvernement Livland, Livländisches Gouvernement; Vidzemes guberņa, after the Latvian inhabited Vidzeme region) was one of the Baltic governorates of the Russian Empire, now divided between the Republic of Latvia and the Republic of Estonia.

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Governorates of the Grand Principality of Finland

The governorates of the Grand Principality of Finland were the administrative division of the Grand Principality of Finland as part of the Russian Empire from 1809 to 1917.

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Grand Duchy of Finland

The Grand Duchy of Finland (Suomen suuriruhtinaskunta, Storfurstendömet Finland, Великое княжество Финляндское,; literally Grand Principality of Finland) was the predecessor state of modern Finland.

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Grand Embassy of Peter the Great

The Grand Embassy (translit) was a Russian diplomatic mission to Western Europe in 1697–98 led by Peter the Great.

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Grünes Gewölbe

The Grünes Gewölbe (English: Green Vault) in Dresden is a unique historic museum that contains the largest collection of treasures in Europe.

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Great Famine of Estonia (1695–97)

The Great Famine of Estonia (also The great starvation) killed about a fifth of Estonian and Livonian population (70,000–75,000 people) in two years.

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Great fire of Tartu

The Great fire of Tartu took place on and destroyed most of the city of Tartu in what is now Estonia.

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Great Frost of 1709

The Great Frost, as it was known in England, or Le Grand Hiver ("The Great Winter"), as it was known in France, was an extraordinarily cold winter in Europe in late 1708 and early 1709,.

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Great Northern

Great Northern may refer to.

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Great Northern War plague outbreak

During the Great Northern War (1700–1721), many towns and areas of the Circum-Baltic and East-Central Europe suffered from a severe outbreak of the plague with a peak from 1708 to 1712.

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Great Reduction (Sweden)

In the Great Reduction of 1680, by which the ancient landed nobility lost its power base, the Swedish Crown recaptured lands earlier granted to the nobility.

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Great Stockholm Fire of 1759

The Great Stockholm Fire of 1759 was the city’s greatest fire since 1686.

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Great War (disambiguation)

The Great War is an alternative term for World War I. It may also refer to.

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Greifswald

Greifswald, officially the University and Hanseatic City of Greifswald (German: Universitäts- und Hansestadt Greifswald), is a city in northeastern Germany.

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Grill (family)

The Grill family was one of several Swedish families having significant influence with the Swedish East India Company (SOIC).

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Grodno

Grodno or Hrodna (Гродна, Hrodna; ˈɡrodnə, see also other names) is a city in western Belarus.

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Guard Hussar Regiment (Denmark)

The Guard Hussar Regiment (Gardehusarregimentet, GHR) is a special cavalry unit of the Royal Danish Army, the primary task is to train the Guard Hussars for various functions in the mobilisation force.

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Gubbeltåga

GubbeltågaStatens kartverk:, Stedsobjekt-id: 2274931, Navneenhets-id: 712261 og 712262 (Lule Sami language: Gubbeltædno) is a river in the municipality of Rana in Nordland county, Norway, which flows in a southern and southwestern direction.

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Gulf of Finland

The Gulf of Finland (Suomenlahti; Soome laht; p; Finska viken) is the easternmost arm of the Baltic Sea.

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Gustaf Otto Douglas

Count Gustaf (also Gustav) Otto Douglas (23 February 1687, Stockholm – 2 February 1771, Reval) was a Swedish mercenary of Scottish descent, grandson of Robert Douglas, Count of Skenninge.

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Gustaf von Psilander

Gustaf von Psilander (16 August 1669– 18 March 1738) was a Swedish Navy admiral.

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Gustav Bogislav von Münchow

Gustav Bogislav von Münchow (10 September 1686 in Kosemühl, Pomerania–20 June 1766 in Berlin) was a Prussian general.

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Gustav III of Sweden

Gustav III (– 29 March 1792) was King of Sweden from 1771 until his assassination in 1792.

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Haapsalu Castle

Haapsalu Castle (also Haapsalu Episcopal Castle, Haapsalu piiskopilinnus) is a castle with cathedral in Haapsalu, Estonia, founded in the thirteenth century as the seat of the Bishopric of Ösel-Wiek.

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Hadiach Regiment

The Hadiach Regiment (translit) was one of then territorial-administrative subdivisions of the Cossack Hetmanate.

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Halden

, between 1665 and 1928 known as Frederikshald, is both a town and a municipality in Østfold county, Norway.

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Halland Regiment

The Halland Regiment (Hallands regemente), designations I 16 and I 16/Fo 31, was a Swedish Army infantry regiment that traced its origins back to the 16th century.

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Halshany Castle

Halshany or Holszany Castle (Гальшанскі замак, Alšėnų pilis, Zamek holszański) is the ruined residence of the Sapieha magnate family in Halshany, Hrodna Voblast, Belarus.

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Hamina

Hamina (Fredrikshamn) is a town and a municipality of Finland.

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Hamina Fortress

Hamina Fortress is located in Finland on the coast of the Gulf of Finland and it is an integral part of the Hamina city centre.

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Hanna Hertsyk

Hanna Hertsyk (died 1752), was a Ukrainian Hetmana by marriage to Pylyp Orlyk, Hetman of Ukraine (r. 1708-1742).

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Hans Colbjørnsen

Hans Colbjørnsen (c.1675 – 1754) was a Norwegian timber merchant and military officer.

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Hans Friedrich von Platen

Hans Friedrich von Platen (21 January 1668 at estate at Sagar on Ruegen, 17 May 1743 in Mohrungen, Prussia) was a royal Prussian general of the cavalry.

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Hans von Lehwaldt

Hans von Lehwald(t) (24 June 1685 – 16 November 1768), also known as Johann von Lehwald(t), was a Prussian Generalfeldmarschall.

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Hans Wachtmeister

Hans Wachtmeister, Count of Johannishus, (–) was admiral general of the Swedish Navy and advisor to King Charles XI of Sweden and King Charles XII of Sweden.

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Harju County

Harju County (Harju maakond), or Harjumaa (Harrien or Rugel, Harria) is one of the 15 counties of Estonia.

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Harku

Harku (Hark) is a small borough (alevik) in Harku Parish, Harju County, northern Estonia.

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Harku Manor

Harku manor (Harku mõis, Hark) was a manor in Harjumaa, Estonia.

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Hats (party)

The Hats (Hattarna) were a Swedish political faction active during the Age of Liberty (1719–1772).

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Hälsingland Regiment

The Hälsingland Regiment (Hälsinge regemente), designations I 14, I 14/Fo 49 and I 14/Fo 21, was a Swedish Army infantry regiment that traced its origins back to the 16th century.

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Häme Castle

Häme Castle (Hämeen linna, Tavastehus slott) is a medieval castle in Hämeenlinna, Finland.

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Hedvig Catharina De la Gardie (1695–1745)

Hedvig Catharina De la Gardie, née Lillie (1695–1745), was a Swedish countess, notable for her salon and political activity.

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Hedvig Sophia of Sweden

Hedvig Sophia Augusta of Sweden (26 June 1681 – 22 December 1708), Duchess of Holstein-Gottorp, was the eldest child of Charles XI of Sweden and Ulrike Eleonore of Denmark.

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Hedwig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp

Hedwig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp (23 October 1636 – 24 November 1715) was Queen of Sweden from 1654 until 1660 by marriage to Charles X Gustav of Sweden, and the mother of Charles XI.

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Hegra Fortress

Hegra Fortress (Hegra festning) is a small mountain fortress in the village of Hegra in the municipality of Stjørdal in Trøndelag county, Norway.

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Hellenurme

Hellenurme (Hellenorm) is a village in Valga County in southeastern Estonia.

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Hemmema

A hemmema (from Finnish "Hämeenmaa", Tavastia) was a type of warship built for the Swedish archipelago fleet and the Russian Baltic navy in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.

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Henning Alexander von Kleist

Henning Alexander von Kleist (1676/77–1749) was an 18th-century Prussian field marshal.

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Henry (bishop of Finland)

Henry (Henrik; Henrik; Henricus; died 20 January 1156.) was a medieval English clergyman.

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Herlufsholm School

Herlufsholm School and Estate (Herlufsholm Skole og Gods) is a private day and boarding school by the River Suså in Næstved, about 80 kilometers south of Copenhagen.

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Hessian (soldier)

Hessians were German soldiers who served as auxiliaries to the British Army during the American Revolutionary War.

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Hetman of Zaporizhian Host

Hetman of Zaporizhian Host (Гетьман Війська Запорозького, Гетман Войска Запорожского, Hetman wojsk kozackich) is a former historic government office and political institution of Cossack Hetmanate (Zaporizhian Host) in Ukraine that was equivalent to a head of state.

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Hiiu County

Hiiu County (Hiiu maakond), or Hiiumaa, is one of 15 counties of Estonia, being the smallest county both in terms of area and population.

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Himmelpforten Convent

Himmelpforten Convent (Low Saxon: Klooster Hemelpoorten, Kloster Himmelpforten; Conventus Porta Coeli) was founded as a monastery of nuns following the Cistercian Rule during the 13th century in Himmelpforten, in today's Lower Saxony, Germany.

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Historiens 100 viktigaste svenskar

Historiens 100 viktigaste svenskar (The 100 Greatest Swedes) is a book by Niklas Ekdal and Petter Karlsson, published in 2009.

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History of Belarus

This article describes the history of Belarus.

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History of cross-dressing

This article details the history of cross-dressing.

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History of Denmark

The history of Denmark as a unified kingdom began in the 8th century, but historic documents describe the geographic area and the people living there—the Danes—as early as 500 AD.

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History of Estonia

The history of Estonia forms a part of the history of Europe.

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History of Europe

The history of Europe covers the peoples inhabiting Europe from prehistory to the present.

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History of Finland

The history of Finland begins around 9,000 BCE during the end of the last glacial period.

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History of Galicia (Eastern Europe)

With the arrival of the Hungarians into the heart of the Central European Plain around 899, Slavic tribes of Vistulans, White Croats, and Lendians found themselves under Hungarian rule.

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History of Germans in Russia, Ukraine and the Soviet Union

The German minority in Russia, Ukraine and the Soviet Union was created from several sources and in several waves.

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History of guerrilla warfare

The history of guerrilla warfare stretches back to ancient history.

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History of infantry

Although the term infantry dates from the 15th century, the foot troops of the previous eras in history who fought with a variety of weapons before the introduction of the firearms are also referred to as infantry.

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History of Ivano-Frankivsk

Ivano-Frankivsk (Івано-Франківськ, Ivano-Frankivs'k; Iwano-Frankowsk; Iwano-Frankiwsk; translit, see also other names) is one of administrative centers in western Ukraine with almost 350 years of history as a city settlement.

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History of Jämtland

The history of Jämtland dates back thousands of years, starting with the arrival of humans.

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History of Latvia

The history of Latvia began around 9000 BC with the end of the last glacial period in northern Europe.

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History of Lithuania

The history of Lithuania dates back to settlements founded many thousands of years ago, but the first written record of the name for the country dates back to 1009 AD.

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History of Lviv

Lviv (Ukrainian: Львів, L’viv; Lwów; Lemberg; לעמבערג; Lvov, see also other names) is an administrative center in western Ukraine with more than a millennium of history as a settlement, and over seven centuries as a city.

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History of Minsk

Early East Slavs settled the forested hills of today's Minsk by the 9th century.

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History of Norway

The history of Norway has been influenced to an extraordinary degree by the terrain and the climate of the region.

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History of Poland

The history of Poland has its roots in the migrations of Slavs, who established permanent settlements in the Polish lands during the Early Middle Ages.

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History of Poland in the Early Modern era (1569–1795)

The early modern era of Polish history follows the late Middle Ages.

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History of Pomerania

The history of Pomerania starts shortly before 1000 AD with ongoing conquests by newly arrived Polans rulers.

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History of Poznań

Poznań, today Poland's fifth largest city, is also one of the country's oldest cities, and was an important political and religious center in the early Polish state of the 10th century.

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History of Riga

The history of Riga, the capital of Latvia, begins as early as the 2nd century with a settlement, the Duna urbs, at a natural harbor not far upriver from the mouth of the Daugava River.

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History of Russia

The History of Russia begins with that of the East Slavs.

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History of Saint Petersburg

Founded by Tsar Peter the Great on 27 May 1703.

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History of Scandinavia

The history of Scandinavia is the history of the geographical region of Scandinavia and its peoples.

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History of Scania

The history of the province of Scania was for many hundred years, up until the 18th century, marked by the struggle between the two Scandinavian kingdoms of Denmark and Sweden over the hegemony in the Baltic area.

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History of Stockholm

The history of Stockholm, capital of Sweden, for many centuries coincided with the development of what is today known as Gamla stan, the Stockholm Old Town.

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History of Sweden

During the 11th and 12th centuries, Sweden gradually became a unified Christian kingdom that later included what is today Finland.

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History of Tarnobrzeg

History of Tarnobrzeg - In the late 16th century, the area of current Tarnobrzeg, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland emerged as a local center of industry, with several bloomeries mentioned here in 1565.

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History of the Danish navy

The history of the Danish navy began with the founding of a joint Dano-Norwegian navy on 10 August 1510, when King John appointed his vassal Henrik Krummedige to become "chief captain and head of all our captains, men and servants whom we now have appointed and ordered to be at sea." The joint fleet was dissolved when Christian Fredrick established separate fleets for Denmark and Norway on 12 April 1814.

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History of the Jews in Latvia

The History of the Jews in Latvia dates back to the first Jewish colony established in Piltene in 1571.

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History of the Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire was founded by Osman I. As sultan Mehmed II conquered Constantinople (today named Istanbul) in 1453, the state grew into a mighty empire.

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History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)

History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764) covers a period in the history of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, from the time their joint state became the theater of wars and invasions fought on a great scale in the middle of the 17th century, to the time just before the election of Stanisław August Poniatowski, the last king of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

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History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)

The History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795) is concerned with the final decades of existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

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History of the Royal Navy

The official history of the Royal Navy began with the formal establishment of the Royal Navy as the national naval force of the Kingdom of England in 1660, following the Restoration of King Charles II to the throne.

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History of Toruń

The first settlement in the vicinity of Toruń is dated by archaeologists to 1100 BC (Lusatian culture).

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History of Warsaw

The history of Warsaw spans over 1400 years.

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History of Zamość

Zamość, founded in 1580, is a town in Poland.

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Holstein Party

The Holstein Party (Swedish: Holsteinska partiet), was the name of a political group in 18th-century Sweden which played a significant role in politics after the death of Charles XII of Sweden in 1718 and until 1727.

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Holstein-Glückstadt

Holstein-Glückstadt or Schleswig-Holstein-Glückstadt is the historiographical name, as well as contemporary shorthand name, for the parts of the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein that were ruled by the Kings of Denmark in their function as dukes of Schleswig and Holstein, thus also known as Royal Schleswig-Holstein.

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Horodnia

Horodnia (Городня) is a town in Chernihiv Raion, Chernihiv Oblast (province) of Ukraine.

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House of Croÿ

The House of Croÿ is a family of European mediatized nobility, which held a seat in the Imperial Diet from 1486, and was elevated to the rank of Princes of the Holy Roman Empire in 1594.

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House of Wittelsbach

The House of Wittelsbach is a European royal family and a German dynasty from Bavaria.

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Hummuli

Hummuli (Hummelshof) is a small borough (alevik) in Valga County, in southern Estonia.

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Husarö

Husarö is an island in the Stockholm archipelago, northeast of Stockholm and south of Norrtälje.

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Ibrahim Muteferrika

Ibrahim Müteferrika (İbrahim Müteferrika; 1674–1745) was a Hungarian-born Ottoman diplomat, polymath, publisher, printer, courtier, economist, man of letters, astronomer, historian, historiographer, Islamic scholar and theologian, sociologist, and the first Muslim to run a printing press with movable Arabic type.

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Ichnia

Íčnja is a town in Chernihiv Oblast of Ukraine, located on the Ichenka River.

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Imperial Guard (Russia)

The Russian Imperial Guard, officially known as the Leib Guard (Лейб-гвардия leyb-gvardiya, from German Leib "Body"; cf. Life Guards / Bodyguard) were military units serving as personal guards of the Emperor of Russia.

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Imperial Russian Army

The Imperial Russian Army (Ру́сская импера́торская а́рмия) was the land armed force of the Russian Empire, active from around 1721 to the Russian Revolution of 1917.

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Imperial Russian Navy

The Imperial Russian Navy was the navy of the Russian Empire.

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Ingela Gathenhielm

Ingela Olofsdotter Gathenhielm née Hammar, (11 September 1692 – 29 April 1729), was a Swedish privateer in service of King Charles XII of Sweden during the Great Northern War.

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Ingria

Historical Ingria (Inkeri or Inkerinmaa; Ингрия, Ingriya, Ижорская земля, Izhorskaya zemlya, or Ингерманландия, Ingermanlandiya; Ingermanland; Ingeri or Ingerimaa) is the geographical area located along the southern shore of the Gulf of Finland, bordered by Lake Ladoga on the Karelian Isthmus in the north and by the River Narva on the border with Estonia in the west.

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Instrument of Government (1719)

The Instrument of Government of 1719 (1719 års regeringsform) adopted on 21 February 1719 by the Riksdag of the Estates was one of the fundamental laws that made up the constitution of Sweden from 1719 to 1772.

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Ivan Betskoy

Ivan Ivanovich Betskoi or Betskoy (Ива́н Ива́нович Бе́цкой) was a Russian school reformer who served as Catherine II's advisor on education and President of the Imperial Academy of Arts for thirty years (1764–94).

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Ivan Botsis

Count Ivan Fedoseevich Botsis (Ιωάννης Μπότσης, Иван Федосеевич Боцис, died 18 May 1714 at biografija.ru) was a Russian admiral and one of the founders of the Imperial Russian Navy under Peter the Great.

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Ivan Mazepa

Ivan Stepanovych Mazepa (Іван Степанович Мазепа, Jan Mazepa Kołodyński). Retrieved 10 July 2015 served as the Hetman of Zaporizhian Host in 1687–1708.

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Ivan Skoropadsky

Ivan Skoropadsky (Іван Скоропадський) (1646 – 3 July 1722) was a Polish–Lithuanian-born Hetman of Zaporizhian Host, and the successor to the famous Hetman Ivan Mazepa.

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Ivangorod

Ivangorod (p; Jaanilinn; Jaanilidna) is a town in Kingiseppsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Narva River by the Estonia–Russia border, west of St. Petersburg.

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Ivangorod Fortress

Ivangorod Fortress (Ивангородская крепость, Jaanilinna linnus, Jaanilidna) is a medieval castle in Ivangorod, Leningrad Oblast, Russia.

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Ivar Huitfeldt

Iver Huitfeldt (5 December 1665 – 4 October 1710) was a Norwegian naval officer who was killed in action, when he commanded the ship Dannebroge during Great Northern War 1700–1721.

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Ivar Huitfeldt Column

The Ivar Huitfeldt Column is a monument at Langelinie in Copenhagen, Denmark, built to commemorate the death of Admiral Ivar Huitfeldt and his men in a naval battle off Stevns during the Great Northern War.

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Izborsk

Izborsk (Избо́рск; Irboska; Seto) is a rural locality (village) in Pechorsky District of Pskov Oblast, Russia.

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Jašiūnai

Jašiūnai (Jaszuny, Яшуны) is a town in Lithuania.

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Jacob Bruce

Count Jacob or James Daniel Bruce (Граф Яков Вилимович Брюс, Graf Yakov Vilimovich Bryus; 11 May 1669 – 30 April 1735) was a Russian statesman, military leader and scientist of Scottish descent (Clan Bruce), one of the associates of Peter the Great.

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Jacob Heinrich von Flemming

Jakob Heinrich von Flemming (March 3, 1667 – April 30, 1728) was a Saxon count, military officer and politician.

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Jacobite rising of 1719

The Jacobite rising of 1719 or the Nineteen was a Spanish-backed landing in Scotland, originally planned as part of a larger rising in South-West England to restore James Francis Edward Stuart to the throne of Great Britain.

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Jan de Witte

Jan de Witte (1709–1785) was a Polish military engineer, professional officer and architect of Dutch descent.

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Jan Kazimierz Sapieha the Elder

Jan Kazimierz Sapieha the Elder (Jonas Kazimieras Sapiega vyresnysis) (?–1730) was a Grand Hetman of Lithuania since 1708 to 1709.

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Jarmen

Jarmen is a town in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district, in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany.

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Jarosław

Jarosław (Ярослав, יאַרעסלאָוו Yareslov, Jaroslau) is a town in south-eastern Poland, with 38,970 inhabitants, as of 30 June 2014.

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Jasło

Jasło is a county town in south-eastern Poland with 36,641 inhabitants, as of 31 December 2012.

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Jauch family

The Jauch family of Germany is a Hanseatic family which can be traced back till the Late Middle Ages.

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Jämtland

Jämtland (Norwegian: Jemtland,; Latin: Iemptia) or Jamtland is a historical province (landskap) in the centre of Sweden in northern Europe.

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Jämtland Rifle Regiment

The Jämtland Rifle Regiment (Jämtlands fältjägarregemente), also I 5 or I 23, was a Swedish Army infantry regiment that operated in various forms the years 1670–1983, 1990–1997 and 2000–2005.

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Józef Feldman

Józef Feldman (wartime pseudonym: Józef Sokołowski; born on 1 August 1899 in Przemyśl, died on 16 June 1946 in Kraków) was a Polish-Jewish historian, professor of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków and a member of the Polish Academy of Learning.

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Jönköping Regiment

The Jönköping Regiment (Jönköpings regemente), designation I 12, was a Swedish Army infantry regiment that traced its origins back to the 16th century.

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Jørgen Rantzau

Jørgen Rantzau (1652 – 1713) was a Danish military officer, who fought several campaigns under John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough.

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Jürgen Christoph von Koppelow

Jürgen Christoph von Koppelow or Jørgen Christopher von Koppelau (variants: Koppelöu, Kaplan, Coplou, Coppelouwe, Kobbelow) (1684–1770) was a Norwegian nobleman and officer that fought in the Great Northern War on behalf of Denmark–Norway.

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Jēkabpils

Jēkabpils (Jakobstadt; Jakubów) is a city in southeastern Latvia roughly halfway between Riga and Daugavpils and spanning the Daugava River.

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Jędrzejów

Jędrzejów is a town in Poland, located in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, about southwest of Kielce.

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Jean de Forcade de Biaix

Jean de Forcade de Biaix,Picamilh, Tome 1, Page 421 aka Jean de Forcade, Marquis de Biaix,Priesdorff, Band 1, Page 114, Nr.

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Jens Rostgaard

Jens Rostgaard, born 1650, died 1715, was a Danish soldier, civil servant, judge and antiquarian, known for leading the militia against the Swedish landing at Humlebæk in 1700, and for writing the history of Copenhagen.

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Johan Gustaf Renat

Johan Gustaf Renat (1682–1744) was a Swedish soldier and cartographer.

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Johann Dietrich von Hülsen

Johann Dietrich von Hülsen (1 June 1693–29 May 1767) was a Prussian lieutenant general of the infantry.

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Johann Ernst Gotzkowsky

Johann Ernst Gotzkowsky (21 November 1710 – 9 August 1775) was a Prussian merchant with a successful trade in trinkets, silk, taft, porcelain, grain and bills of exchange.

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Johann Friedrich Mayer (theologian)

Johann Friedrich Mayer (6 December 1650 – 30 March 1712) was a German Lutheran theologian and professor of theology at Wittenberg University.

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Johann Georg, Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels

Johann Georg, Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels (13 July 1677, in Halle – 16 March 1712, in Weissenfels), was a duke of Saxe-Weissenfels-Querfurt and a member of the House of Wettin.

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Johann Matthias von der Schulenburg

Marshal Johann Matthias Reichsgraf von der Schulenburg (8 August 1661 – 14 March 1747) was a German aristocrat and general of Brandenburg-Prussian background who served in the Saxon and Venetian armies in the early 18th century and found a second career in retirement in Venice, as a grand collector and patron.

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Johann Patkul

Johann Reinhold Patkul (27 July 1660 – 10 October 1707) was a Livonian nobleman, politician and agitator of Baltic German extraction.

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Johann Valentin Meder

Johann Valentin Meder (baptised May 3, 1649 – July 1719) was a German composer, organist, and singer.

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Johannes Henrik Schiøtz

Johannes Henrik Schiøtz (27 November 1884 – 1957) was a Norwegian military officer and historian.

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John Adolphus, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön

John Adolphus of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön (Johann Adolf or Hans Adolf; 8 April 1634, Ahrensbök – 2 July 1704 Ruhleben) was the second Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön, which had been created by a division of the Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg.

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John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough

General John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, 1st Prince of Mindelheim, 1st Count of Nellenburg, Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, (26 May 1650 – 16 June 1722 O.S.) was an English soldier and statesman whose career spanned the reigns of five monarchs.

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John II Casimir Vasa

John II Casimir (Jan II Kazimierz Waza; Johann II.; Jonas Kazimieras Vaza; 22 March 1609 – 16 December 1672) was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania during the era of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Duke of Opole in Upper Silesia, and titular King of Sweden 1648–1660.

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John Norris (Royal Navy officer)

Admiral of the Fleet Sir John Norris (1670 or 167113 June 1749) was a Royal Navy officer.

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Juliana Schierberg

Juliana Sophia Schierberg, known as Julianchen (died 1712) was a Swedish favorite.

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July 19

No description.

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July 31

No description.

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Jutland Dragoon Regiment

The Jutland Dragoon Regiment (Jydske Dragonregiment) is the only regiment of the Royal Danish Army that has an armored (MBT) battalion, and is one of the Danish combat regiment in which soldiers are entitled to wear the black beret of the Armoured corps.

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Kabinettskriege

Kabinettskriege ("Cabinet Wars"; singular Kabinettskrieg) is the German expression referring to the type of wars which affected Europe during the period of absolute monarchies, from the 1648 Peace of Westphalia to the 1789 French Revolution.

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Kadriorg Palace

Kadriorg Palace (Kadrioru loss, Schloss Katharinental) is a Petrine Baroque palace built for Catherine I of Russia by Peter the Great in Tallinn, Estonia.

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Kajaani Castle

The Kajaani castle (Finnish: Kajaanin linna, Swedish: Kajaneborg, Kajaneborgs slott, or with older spelling Cajanaborg) was built on the Ämmäkoski island of the Kajaani river in the centre of Kajaani, Finland, in the 17th century.

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Kalmar Regiment

The Kalmar Regiment (Kalmar regemente), designations I 20, I 21 and Fo 18, was a Swedish Army infantry regiment that traced its origins back to the 16th century.

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Kalmyk Khanate

The Kalmyk Khanate (Kalmyk: Хальмг хана улс) was an Oirat khanate on the Eurasian steppe.

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Kaltinėnai

Kaltinėnai (Samogitian: Kaltinienā) is a small town in the west of Lithuania, located near Žemaičių highway in Šilalė district municipality, Tauragė County.

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Kambja

Kambja is a small borough (alevik) in Tartu County, Estonia.

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Kamennogorsk

Kamennogorsk (Каменного́рск), known under the Finnish name of Antrea (А́нтреа; S:t Andree) before 1948, is a town in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Karelian Isthmus on the left bank of the Vuoksa River (Lake Ladoga's basin) northwest of St. Petersburg.

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Kandava

Kandava (Kandau; Kāndav) is a town in Latvia.

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Karelian Isthmus

The Karelian Isthmus (Karelsky peresheyek; Karjalankannas; Karelska näset) is the approximately 45–110 km wide stretch of land, situated between the Gulf of Finland and Lake Ladoga in northwestern Russia, to the north of the River Neva (between 61°21’N, 59°46’N and 27°42’E, 31°08’E).

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Kari Hiran

Kari Rasmusdatter Hiran (floruit 1716), was a Norwegian farmer and war heroine.

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Karksi-Nuia

Karksi-Nuia is a town in Mulgi Parish, Viljandi County, southern Estonia close to the Latvian border.

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Karl Johansslussen

Karl Johanslussen ("Lock of Charles John") is a lock and a sluice, along the Söderström river connecting and controlling the flood discharge between Riddarfjärden, the easternmost part of Lake Mälaren, and Saltsjön, the section of the Baltic Sea reaching into central Stockholm, Sweden.

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Kaspar Ernst von Schultze

Kaspar Ernst von Schultze (also Casper Earnest von Schultze) (18 October 1691 in Berlin–2 December 1757 in Breslau) was a Lieutenant General of infantry in the Prussian Army, commander of the Breslau fortress, and director of the royal riding academy in Liegnitz.

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Katholm Castle

Katholm Castle is a manor house located on the Djursland peninsula, six km south of Grenaa, in western Denmark.

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Kazimierz Karwowski

Kazimierz Karwowski (c. 1670 – 12 May 1746) of Pniejnia was a Polish noble and politician.

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Kötzschau

Kötzschau is a village and a former municipality in the district Saalekreis, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.

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Kexholm County

Kexholm County was a county of the Swedish Empire from 1634 to 1721, when the southern part was ceded to the Russian Empire in the Treaty of Nystad.

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Khmelnytsky Uprising

The Khmelnytsky Uprising (Powstanie Chmielnickiego; Chmelnickio sukilimas; повстання Богдана Хмельницького; восстание Богдана Хмельницкого; also known as the Cossack-Polish War, Chmielnicki Uprising, or the Khmelnytsky insurrection) was a Cossack rebellion within the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1648–1657, which led to the creation of a Cossack Hetmanate in Ukrainian lands.

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Khotyn

Khotyn (Хотин,; Hotin; see other names) is a city in Chernivtsi Oblast of western Ukraine, and is the administrative center of Khotyn Raion within the oblast, and is located south-west of Kamianets-Podilskyi.

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Khyriv

Khyriv is a town in Staryi Sambir Raion, Lviv Oblast (region) of Ukraine with a population of around 4,088 as of 2013.

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Kingdom of Prussia

The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen) was a German kingdom that constituted the state of Prussia between 1701 and 1918.

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Kingisepp

Kingisepp (Ки́нгисепп or Кингисе́пп; Jaamahttp://www.hs.fi/english/article/Last+of+the+Ingrian+grannies+hold+on/1329104265831), formerly Yamburg (Я́мбург), Yam (Ям), and Yama (Я́ма), is an ancient town and the administrative center of Kingiseppsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located along the Luga River southwest of St. Petersburg, east of Narva, and south of the Gulf of Finland.

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Kingiseppsky District

Kingiseppsky District (Кингисе́ппский райо́н) is an administrativeOblast Law #32-oz and municipalLaw #81-oz district (raion), one of the seventeen in Leningrad Oblast, Russia.

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Kirovsky District, Leningrad Oblast

Kirovsky District (Ки́ровский райо́н) is an administrativeOblast Law #32-oz and municipalLaw #100-oz district (raion), one of the seventeen in Leningrad Oblast, Russia.

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Kliszów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship

Kliszów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kije, within Pińczów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland.

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Koch (boat)

The koch (a) was a special type of small one or two mast wooden sailing ships designed and used in Russia for transpolar voyages in ice conditions of the Arctic seas, popular among the Pomors.

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Koknese

Koknese is a historic town in Latvia, the administrative centre of Koknese municipality on the right bank of the Daugava River.

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Koknese Castle

Koknese Castle (Kokneses pils) is a complex in Koknese, Latvia, dating from the 13th century.

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Konevets

Konevets (Коневец; Konevitsa or Kononsaari) is an approximately 8.5-km² island famous as the site of the Konevsky Monastery.

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Konevsky Monastery

Konevsky Monastery (Рождество-Богородичный Коневский монастырь (as it is written on the seal of the monastery), Konevitsan Jumalansynnyttäjän syntymän luostari) is a Russian Orthodox monastery that occupies the Konevets Island in the western part of the Lake Ladoga, Leningrad Oblast, Russian Federation.

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Kongsvoll

Kongsvoll (Kongsvold Fjeldstue) is a historic mountain lodge built on the site of a former inn located in the Drivdalen valley in the municipality of Oppdal in Trøndelag county, Norway.

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Konin

Konin is a city in central Poland, on the Warta River.

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Konstanty Władysław Sobieski

Konstanty Władysław Sobieski (1 May 1680 – 28 February 1726) was a Polish prince, nobleman, politician, diplomat, scholar and the son of John III Sobieski, King of Poland, and his wife, Marie Casimire Louise de la Grange d'Arquien.

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Koporye

Koporye (Копорье; Finnish: Kaprio; Koporje) is a historic village (selo) in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located about to the west of St. Petersburg and south of the Koporye Bay of the Baltic Sea.

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Korela Fortress

Korela Fortress (Russian: Корела, Finnish: Käkisalmen linna, Swedish: Kexholms slott), at the town of Priozersk.

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Kremlin Arsenal

The Kremlin Arsenal (Арсенал Московского Кремля) is a former armory built within the grounds of the Moscow Kremlin in Russia.

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Kremlin Wall Necropolis

Burials in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis in Moscow began in November 1917, when 240 pro-Bolshevik victims of the October Revolution were buried in mass graves at Red Square.

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Kristiansten Fortress

Kristiansten Fortress (Kristiansten Festning, historically spelled Christiansten) is located on a hill east of the city of Trondheim in Sør-Trøndelag county, Norway.

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Kristina Sabaliauskaitė

Dr.

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Krościenko nad Dunajcem

Krościenko nad Dunajcem is a village in southern Poland situated in the Nowy Targ County in Lesser Poland Voivodeship since 1999 (previously in Nowy Sącz Voivodeship, from 1975-1998).

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Kronoberg Regiment

The Kronoberg Regiment (Kronobergs regemente), designations I 11 and I 11/Fo 16, was a Swedish Army infantry regiment that traced its origins back to the 16th century.

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Kronstadt

Kronstadt (Кроншта́дт), also spelled Kronshtadt, Cronstadt or Kronštádt (Krone for "crown" and Stadt for "city"; Kroonlinn), is a municipal town in Kronshtadtsky District of the federal city of Saint Petersburg, Russia, located on Kotlin Island, west of Saint Petersburg proper near the head of the Gulf of Finland.

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Krudttårnet

Krudttårnet (Danish for "gunpowder tower") is a former gunpowder magazine and fortification in Frederikshavn, Denmark.

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Kuressaare

Kuressaare, also known as Arensburg, is a town and a municipality on Saaremaa island in Estonia.

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Kuressaare Castle

Kuressaare Castle (Kuressaare linnus; Schloss Arensburg), also Kuressaare Episcopal Castle, (Kuressaare piiskopilinnus), is a castle in Kuressaare on Saaremaa island, in western Estonia.

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Kurista, Tartu County

Kurista is a village in Kastre Parish, Tartu County, Estonia.

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Kurpie

Kurpie is one of a number of ethnic regions in Poland, noted for its unique traditional customs, such as its own types of traditional costume, traditional dance and distinctive type of architecture and livelihoods.

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Kuskovo

Kuskovo (Куско́во) was the summer country house and estate of the Sheremetev family.

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Kymmenegård and Nyslott County

Kymmenegård and Nyslott County (Kymmenegårds och Nyslotts län, Savonlinnan ja Kymenkartanon lääni) was a county of Sweden from 1721 to 1747.

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Kyrö Distillery Company

Kyrö Distillery Company is a Finnish distillery specializing in rye gin and rye whisky best known for its Napue rye gin.

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La troupe du Roi de Suede

La troupe du Roi de Suede, or Roi de Suede for short, was a French-speaking Swedish court theater, active at the Royal Swedish court from 1699 until 1706.

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Laiuse Castle

Laiuse Castle (Estonian: Laiuse ordulinnus, German: Schloß Lais) was a Livonian Order castle in Laiusevälja, Jõgeva Parish, Estonia.

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Lake Ladoga

Lake Ladoga (p or p; Laatokka;; Ladog, Ladoganjärv) is a freshwater lake located in the Republic of Karelia and Leningrad Oblast in northwestern Russia, in the vicinity of Saint Petersburg.

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Landing at Humlebæk

The Landing at Humlebæk took place on August 4, 1700 (Gregorian calendar), in the Swedish invasion of Denmark during the Great Northern War 1700-1721.

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Landskrona Citadel

Landskrona Citadel (Citadellet or Landskrona slott) is situated in Landskrona, Scania, southern Sweden.

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Larvik

is a town and municipality in Vestfold county, Norway.

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Latvia

Latvia (or; Latvija), officially the Republic of Latvia (Latvijas Republika), is a sovereign state in the Baltic region of Northern Europe.

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Latvian Orthodox Church

The Latvian Orthodox Church (Latvijas Pareizticīgā Baznīca, Latviyskaya Pravoslavnaya Tserkov’) is a self-governing, i.e. autonomous, Eastern Orthodox Church under the jurisdiction of the Patriarchate of Moscow.

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Le Fiamme di Zaporoze

Le Fiamme di Zaporoze is an epic historical novel written in Italian about the Zaporozhian Cossacks at the time of Hetman Ivan Mazepa and Czar Peter the Great during the Great Northern War, by Mario Dimitrio Donadio and published in Italy by Giraldi Editore in 2008.

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Lelów

Lelów (לעלוב - Lelov) is a village in Częstochowa County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Leningrad Oblast

Leningrad Oblast (lʲɪnʲɪnˈgratskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Lensahn

Lensahn is a municipality in the district of Ostholstein, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.

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Leopold I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau

Leopold I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau (3 July 1676 – 7 April 1747) was a German prince of the House of Ascania and ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Dessau from 1693 to 1747.

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Lesko

Lesko (or Lisko until 1926; Lescow, alias Olesco Lescovium; לינסק-Linsk) is a town in south-eastern Poland with a population of 5,755 (02.06.2009).

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Leslie (Russian nobility)

Leslie is the name of Russian noble family of Scottish origin.

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Lesogorsky

Lesogorsky (Лесого́рский; Jääski) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, located on the left bank of the Vuoksi River, on the Karelian Isthmus, near the Russia–Finland border, and a station of the Kamennogorsk–Svetogorsk–Imatra railway.

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Lesser Poland

Lesser Poland (Polish: Małopolska, Latin: Polonia Minor) is a historical region (dzielnica) of Poland; its capital is the city of Kraków.

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Leszno

Leszno (Lissa, between 1800 and 1918 also called Polnisch Lissa or Lissa in Posen) is a town in western Poland with 64,612 inhabitants (2014).

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Lev Kiszka

Luka Lev Kiszka (Леў Кішка, Лев Кишка, Leon Kiszka) (1663—1728) was the Metropolitan of Kiev, Galicia and Russia of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church from 1714 to his death in 1728.

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Lev Zalenskyj

Lev Szlubic Zalenskyj (Лев Слюбич-Заленський, Леў Шлюбіч-Заленскі, Lew Ślubicz-Załęski) (c. 1648—1708) was the Metropolitan of Kiev, Galicia and Russia of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church from 1694 to his death in 1708.

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Liahavichy Castle

Liachavičy Castle was a fortified Belarus castle.

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Library of Congress Classification:Class D -- History, General and Old World

Class D: History, General and Old World is a classification used by the Library of Congress Classification system.

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Lida

Lida (Лі́да; Ли́да; Lyda; Lida; לידא) is a city in western Belarus in Hrodna Voblast, situated west of Minsk.

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Lida Castle

Lida Castle (Лідскі замак, Lydos pilis) was one of several citadels erected by Grand Duke Gediminas of Lithuania in the early 14th century to defend his lands against the expansion of the Teutonic Knights.

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Lidzbark Warmiński

Lidzbark Warmiński (Heilsberg) is a town in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship in Poland.

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Liepāja

Liepāja (pronounced) (Libau; see other names) is a city in western Latvia, located on the Baltic Sea.

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Lier, Norway

Lier is a municipality in Buskerud county, Norway.

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Life Guards (Sweden)

The Life Guards (Livgardet, designation LG) is a combined Swedish Army cavalry/infantry regiment, with guard of honour and training responsibility.

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Life Regiment Hussars

The Life Regiment Hussars (Livregementets husarer; designated K 3) is one of Europe's most victorious regiments and one of the oldest regiments still active. The regiment descends directly from units set up by King Gustav I of Sweden (Gustav Vasa) in 1536, when Sweden set up a draft of horses and men north and south of Stockholm.

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Ligovo

Ligovo (Лигово) is a historical area of the federal city of Saint Petersburg (Russia).

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Limbaži

Limbaži (Lemsalu, Lemsal, Limbaž) is a town in the Vidzeme region of northern Latvia.

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Lines of Vasilyevsky Island

Lines of Vasilyevsky Island (Rus. plural linii линии, singular liniya (also linia) линия "a line") is a group of streets in a part (called Vasilyevsky Island) of downtown Saint Petersburg, Russia, and their mostly numeric names atypical for the rest of the modern Saint Petersburg.

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Lisbetha Olsdotter

Elisabeth "Lisbetha" Olsdotter (died November 1679) was a Swedish woman, who was executed on a number of different charges after having dressed as a man, served as a soldier and married a woman.

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List of ambassadors of Russia to the United Kingdom

This is a list of heads of mission from Russia to the United Kingdom.

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List of assassinations in fiction

Assassinations have formed a major plot element in various works of fiction.

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List of battles (alphabetical)

Alphabetical list of historical battles (see also Military history, Lists of battles): NOTE: Where a year has been used to disambiguate battles it is the year when the battle started.

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List of battles (geographic)

This list of battles is organized geographically, by country in its present territory.

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List of battles 1601–1800

No description.

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List of battles by casualties

The following is a list of the casualties count in battles in world history.

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List of book-based war films (wars before 1775)

A list of films that are based on war books.

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List of conflicts by duration

The following list ranks wars and times of war by their duration, including both historical and ongoing wars.

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List of conflicts in Europe

This is a list of conflicts in Europe ordered chronologically, including wars between European states, civil wars within European states, wars between a European state and a non-European state that took place within Europe, and global conflicts in which Europe was a theatre of war.

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List of cultural icons of Russia

This is a list of cultural icons of Russia.

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List of early-modern journals

The list of early-modern journals gives an overview of periodicals (newspapers are excluded) for the period from the first printed books to 1800.

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List of Extra Credits episodes

The first videos before the debut of webseries Extra Credits were released on YouTube by the series' co-creator Daniel Floyd.

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List of former cities of Latvia

Former cities of Latvia are entities that once had city rights and were located in the territory of Latvia.

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List of headgear

This is an incomplete list of headgear (that is, anything worn on the head), both modern and historical.

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List of Hetalia: Axis Powers characters

The characters of Hetalia: Axis Powers (often shortened to just Hetalia) are Japanese manga/anime personifications of various nations, countries and micronations.

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List of historical period drama films and series set in Near Eastern and Western civilization

The historical period drama is a film genre in which stories are based upon historical events and famous people.

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List of last surviving veterans of military insurgencies and wars

This a chronological list of the last surviving veterans of military insurgencies, conflicts and wars around the world.

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List of maritime disasters in the 18th century

A maritime disaster is an event which usually involves a ship or ships and can involve military action.

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List of military alliances

This is the list of military alliances.

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List of military disasters

In this list a military disaster is the unexpected and sound defeat of one side in a battle or war, sometimes changing the course of history.

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List of miniature wargames

Miniature wargames are a form of wargaming designed to incorporate miniatures or figurines into play, which was invented at the beginning of the 19th century in Prussia.

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List of modern great powers

A great power is a nation or state that, through its great economic, political and military strength, is able to exert power and influence over not only its own region of the world, but beyond to others.

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List of museums in Saint Petersburg

No description.

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List of Norwegian battles

List of Norwegian battles is a list of battles fought in Norway or which a significant number of participated.

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List of orders of battle

This is a list of orders of battle, which list the known military units that were located within the field of operations for a battle or campaign.

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List of people from Moscow

This is a list of famous people who were born or have lived in Moscow, Russia.

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List of regents

A regent is a person selected to act as head of state (ruling or not) because the ruler is a minor, not present, or debilitated.

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List of rulers of Lithuania

The following is a list of rulers over Lithuania—grand dukes, kings, and presidents—the heads of authority over historical Lithuanian territory.

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List of Russian admirals

This list of Russian admirals includes the admirals of all ranks, serving in the Russian Imperial Navy, the Soviet Navy and the modern Russian Navy.

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List of Russian films of 2007

A list of films produced in Russia in 2007 (see 2007 in film).

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List of Russian people

This is a list of people associated with the modern Russian Federation, the Soviet Union, Imperial Russia, Russian Tsardom, the Grand Duchy of Moscow, and other predecessor states of Russia.

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List of Russian sail frigates

This is a list of Russian sail frigates of the period 1694–1852: The format is: Name, number of guns (rank/real amount), launch year (A.

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List of ships of the line of Russia

This is a list of Russian ships of the line from the period 1668–1860: The format is: Name, number of guns (rank/real amount), launch year (A.

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List of shipwrecks of Europe

This is a list of shipwrecks located in and around the continent of Europe.

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List of slaves

Slavery is a social-economic system under which persons are enslaved: deprived of personal freedom and forced to perform labor or services without compensation.

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List of Swedish battles

This is a list of major (land) battles and operations fought by Sweden between 1521 and 1814.

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List of treaties

This list of treaties contains known historic agreements, pacts, peaces, and major contracts between states, armies, governments, and tribal groups.

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List of war films and TV specials

This is a list of war films and TV specials such as documentaries, TV mini-series, and drama serials depicting aspects of historical wars.

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List of wars 1500–1799

This is a list of wars that began between 1500 to 1799. Other wars can be found in the historical lists of wars and the list of wars extended by diplomatic irregularity.

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List of wars between Russia and Sweden

Wars between Russia and Sweden have been recorded since as early as the 12th century.

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List of wars by death toll

This list of wars by death toll includes death toll estimates of all deaths that are either directly or indirectly caused by war.

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List of wars involving Denmark

This is a list of wars involving the Kingdom of Denmark.

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List of wars involving Estonia

Below is a list of military conflicts in which Estonians participated on a larger scale or took place on Estonian territory.

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List of wars involving Lithuania

This is a list of military conflicts in which Lithuanian military forces participated.

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List of wars involving Norway

This is a list of wars involving the Kingdom of Norway in some capacity, both the modern polity and its predecessor states.

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List of wars involving Poland

This is a chronological list of military conflicts in which Polish armed forces won or took place on Polish territory from the reign of Mieszko I (960–992) to the ongoing military operations.

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List of wars involving Russia

The following is an incomplete list of armed conflicts and wars fought by Russia, by Russian people, from antiquity to the present day.

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List of wars involving Sweden

This is a list of wars involving the Kingdom of Sweden.

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List of wars involving the Ottoman Empire

This is a list of conflicts involving the Ottoman Empire ordered chronologically, including civil Wars within the Empire.

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List of wars involving the United Kingdom

This is a list of wars involving the United Kingdom and the Kingdom of Great Britain and generally the British Isles.

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List of wars involving Ukraine

The following is an incomplete list of major wars fought by Ukraine, by Ukrainian people or regular armies during periods when independent Ukrainian states existed, from antiquity to the present day.

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List of wartime cross-dressers

Many people have engaged in cross-dressing during wartime under various circumstances and for various motives.

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Lithuania

Lithuania (Lietuva), officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika), is a country in the Baltic region of northern-eastern Europe.

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Lithuania proper

Lithuania proper (Lithuania propria, literally: "Genuine Lithuania"; Didžioji Lietuva; ליטע, Lite) refers to a region which existed within the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and where the Lithuanian language was spoken.

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Lithuanian Civil War (1700)

Civil war in Lithuania refers to the conflict between several powerful magnate families in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

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Livonia

Livonia (Līvõmō, Liivimaa, German and Scandinavian languages: Livland, Latvian and Livonija, Inflanty, archaic English Livland, Liwlandia; Liflyandiya) is a historical region on the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea.

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Livonian War

The Livonian War (1558–1583) was fought for control of Old Livonia (in the territory of present-day Estonia and Latvia), when the Tsardom of Russia faced a varying coalition of Denmark–Norway, the Kingdom of Sweden, and the Union (later Commonwealth) of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland.

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Livonians

The Livonians, or Livs (Livonian: līvlizt), are a Finnic ethnic group indigenous to northern Latvia and southwestern Estonia.

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Liw, Poland

Liw is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Liw, within Węgrów County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.

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Lomonosovsky District, Leningrad Oblast

Lomonosovsky District (Ломоно́совский райо́н) is an administrativeOblast Law #32-oz and municipalLaw #117-oz district (raion), one of the seventeen in Leningrad Oblast, Russia.

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Louis Bartholomew Załuski

Louis Bartholomew Zaluski (born 1 June 1661 – 24 December 1721 in Warsaw, Poland) was a Polish Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church Auxiliary Bishop of Przemysl, and the Bishop of Płock.

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Lovisa von Burghausen

Lovisa von Burghausen (1698 – 20 January 1733) was a Swedish memoirist who became famous for her story about her time in captivity as a slave in Russia after being taken prisoner by the Russians during the Great Northern War.

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Lubartów

Lubartów is a town in eastern Poland, with 23,000 inhabitants (2004), situated in Lublin Voivodeship.

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Lucavsala

Lucavsala (variously Lucav Island, Lucava Sala, Lucavas Sala, Ostrov Lutsavas-sala, or Ostrov Lutsavsala) is an island in the Daugava River in Riga, Latvia.

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Ludvig Fabritius

Ludvig (Lodewyck) Fabritius (14 September 1648, Brazil – 6 October 1729, Stockholm) was the Swedish ambassador to Safavid Iran during the reign of King Charles XI (r. 1660–1697) and Charles XII (r. 1697–1718).

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Ludza Estonians

The Ludza Estonians (in Ludza dialect of the Estonian: Lutsi maarahvas – ‘Lutsi Estonians’, in Latvian: Ludzas igauņi) were a group of ethnic Estonians living in near Ludza, south-eastern Latvia.

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Luzhsky District

Luzhsky District (Лу́жский райо́н) is an administrativeOblast Law #32-oz and municipalLaw #65-oz district (raion), one of the seventeen in Leningrad Oblast, Russia.

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Lviv Arsenal

The City Arsenal (Львівський міський арсенал, Miskiy arsenal, Arsenał Miejski we Lwowie) is the oldest of three historic arsenal buildings in Lviv, Ukraine.

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Lysaker Bridge

The Lysaker Bridge (Lysakerbrua or Lysakerbroen) is a road bridge between Sollerud in Oslo and Lysaker in Bærum.

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Madona

Madona (Modohn) is a town with town rights in the Vidzeme region of Latvia and is the center of the Madona municipality.

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Magari, Estonia

Magari is a village in Kanepi Parish, Põlva County in southeastern Estonia.

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Magnus Julius De la Gardie

Magnus Julius De la Gardie (14 April 1668 – 28 April 1741), son of Axel Julius De la Gardie, was a Swedish general and statesman, member of the Swedish Hats Party.

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Magnus Stenbock

Count Magnus Gustafsson Stenbock (22 May 1665 – 23 February 1717) was a Swedish military officer at the time of the Great Northern War.

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Magnus Stiernstråle

Magnus Stiernstråle (died 18 December 1738) was a Swedish military colonel, and was most likely from Livonia.

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Malcolm Sinclair (Swedish nobleman)

Malcolm Sinclair (1690 – 17 June 1739) was a Swedish officer, nobleman and envoy who was murdered by two Russian officers on his way home from the Ottoman Empire.

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Malla, Estonia

Malla is a village in Viru-Nigula Parish, Lääne-Viru County, in northeastern Estonia.

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Margareta Capsia

Margareta Capsia (1682 – June 20, 1759) was a Swedish/Finnish artist, the first professional native female artist in Finland, which during her lifetime was a part of Sweden.

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Margareta Elisabeth Roos

Margareta Elisabeth Roos or Anna Stina Roos (1696–1772) was a Swedish-Estonian woman and a crossdresser who served as a soldier in the Swedish army of Charles XII of Sweden during the Great Northern War.

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Margareta von Ascheberg

Margareta von Ascheberg (9 July 1671 – 26 October 1753) was a Swedish land owner, noble and acting regiment colonel during the Great Northern War.

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Maria Faxell

Maria Faxell, née Caméen (1678-1738), was a Swedish vicar's wife who, according to legend, averted a Norwegian attack in Sweden during the Great Northern War.

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Maria Johansdotter

Maria Johansdotter, or Maja Jansdotter, also known as Magnus Johansson (fl. 1706), was a Swedish spelman (a player of Swedish folk music) and parish clerk.

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Marstrand Free Port

The Marstrand Free Port was an largely autonomous island territory of Sweden, during the Gustavian Era of the late 18th century, which effectively functioned as a merchant republic.

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Matija Zmajević

Matija Zmajević (also Matej Zmajević, in Russia Matvei Khristoforovich Zmayevich Матвей Христофорович Змаевич; January 6, 1680 – August 23, 1735) was admiral of the Baltic Fleet and the shipbuilder of the Russian Tsar Peter the Great, building a fleet in Voronezh.

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Mazeppa (poem)

Mazeppa is a narrative poem written by the English romantic poet Lord Byron in 1819.

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Międzyrzec Podlaski

Międzyrzec Podlaski is a city in Biała Podlaska County, Lublin Voivodeship, Poland, with the population of 17,162 inhabitants.

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Mikhail Andreyevich Golitsyn

Prince Mikhail Andreyevich Golitsyn (Михаил Андреевич Голицын; 1639–1687) was governor of Pskov.

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Mikhail Kozlovsky

Mikhail Ivanovich Kozlovsky (6 November 1753 – 30 September 1802) was a Russian Neoclassical sculptor active during the Age of Enlightenment.

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Mikhail Matyushkin

Mikhail Athanas'evich Matyushkin (Михаил Афанасьевич Матюшкин; 1676-1737) was a general of the Russian Empire during the reign of Peter the Great.

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Mikhail Mikhailovich Golitsyn (admiral)

Prince Mikhail Mikhailovitch Golitsyn (Михаи́л Миха́йлович Голи́цын) (1 November 1684–25 March 1764) was a Russian admiral and diplomat.

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Mikhail Petrovich Bestuzhev-Ryumin

Count Mikhail Petrovich Bestuzhev-Ryumin (Михаи́л Петро́вич Бесту́жев-Рю́мин; 1688, Moscow – 1760) was a Russian diplomat.

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Military history of Europe

The military history of Europe refers to the history of warfare on the European continent.

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Military history of Sweden

During the prehistoric times, modern Sweden was divided into provinces and in the Svea and Göta kingdoms.

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Military history of the Russian Empire

The military history of the Russian Empire encompasses the history of armed conflict in which the Russian Empire participated.

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Military of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

The military of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth evolved from the merger of the armies of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania following the 1569 Union of Lublin, which formed the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

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Military of the Swedish Empire

From 1611 to 1721, Sweden was a European great power, becoming a dominant faction in the quest for control of the Baltic Sea and a formidable military power.

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Military Revolution

The Military Revolution was a radical change in military strategy and tactics with resulting major changes in government.

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Millennium of Russia

The Millennium of Russia (Russian Тысячелетие России) is a bronze monument in the Novgorod Kremlin.

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Minsk

Minsk (Мінск,; Минск) is the capital and largest city of Belarus, situated on the Svislach and the Nyamiha Rivers.

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Mir, Belarus

Mir (Мір; Мир; both meaning "world" and "peace"; but the name most likely originates from the name of the river the settlement is situated on) is a town in Kareličy (Карэлічы) raion, Hrodna Voblast, Belarus on the banks of Miranka River, about 85 kilometers southwest of the national capital, Minsk.

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Missunde

Missunde (Danish: Mysunde, Old Norse Mjósund "narrow strait") is a village on the Schlei coast of Schwansen in Southern Schleswig in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, about 7 miles from Schleswig.

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Modern history

Modern history, the modern period or the modern era, is the linear, global, historiographical approach to the time frame after post-classical history.

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Mogilev

Mogilev (or Mahilyow; Магілёў,; Łacinka: Mahiloŭ; Могилёв,; מאָליעוו, Molyev) is a city in eastern Belarus, about from the border with Russia's Smolensk Oblast and from the border with Russia's Bryansk Oblast.

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Molyatichi

Molyatichi is a village in the Krychaw Raion in Belarus.

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Monarchy of Sweden

The Monarchy of Sweden concerns the monarchical head of state of Sweden,See the Instrument of Government, Chapter 1, Article 5.

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Monument to Peter I (St. Michael's Castle)

The Monument to Peter I (памятник Петру I) is a bronze equestrian monument of Peter the Great in front of the St. Michael's Castle in Saint Petersburg, Russia.

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Mooste

Mooste is a small borough in Põlva Parish, Põlva County, Estonia.

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Moritz Wilhelm, Duke of Saxe-Zeitz

Moritz Wilhelm (English: Maurice William; 12 March 1664 – 15 November 1718), a member of the Saxon House of Wettin, was the second and last Duke of Saxe-Zeitz from 1681 until his death.

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Moss Jernverk

Moss Jernverk (Moss Ironworks) was an ironwork in Moss, Norway.

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Mstów, Silesian Voivodeship

Mstów is a village (town in 1279 - 1870) in Częstochowa County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Muhu St. Catherine's Church

Muhu St.

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Mykland Church

Mykland Church (Mykland kirke) is a parish church in Froland municipality in Aust-Agder county, Norway.

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Naissaar

Naissaar (Nargen; Nargö) is an island northwest of Tallinn (but belonging to Viimsi Parish) in Estonia.

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Narva

Narva (Нарва) is the third largest city in Estonia.

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Narva River

The Narva (Narva jõgi, Нарва) (or Narova) is a river flowing into the Baltic Sea, the largest river in Estonia by discharge.

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Naum Senyavin

Naum Akimovich Senyavin (Наум Акимович Сенявин in Russian) (c. 1680 &ndash) was a Vice Admiral (1727) of the Imperial Russian Navy.

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Navahrudak Castle

The former castle in Navahrudak, Belarus (Навагрудскі замак, Naugarduko pilis, Zamek w Nowogródku) was one of the key strongholds of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, cited by Maciej Stryjkowski as the location of Mindaugas's coronation as King of Lithuania as well as his likely burial place.

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Närke-Värmland Regiment

The Närke-Värmland Regiment (Närke-Värmlands regemente) was a Swedish Army infantry regiment that traced its origins back to the 16th century.

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Nesvizh Castle

Niasviž Castle or Nesvizh Castle (Нясьвіскі замак, Niasvižski zamak, zamek w Nieświeżu, Nesvyžius) is a residential castle of the Radziwiłł family in Niasviž, Belarus.

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Neuenwalde Convent

The Neuenwalde Convent (N. Low Saxon: Klooster Niewohl, Kloster Neuenwalde; Conventus Sancte CrucisRobert Wöbber,, on:, retrieved on 2 December 2014.) is a Lutheran damsels' convent in, a locality of Geestland, Lower Saxony, Germany.

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Neva River

The Neva (Нева́) is a river in northwestern Russia flowing from Lake Ladoga through the western part of Leningrad Oblast (historical region of Ingria) to the Neva Bay of the Gulf of Finland.

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New Hrodna Castle

The New Castle in Hrodna, Belarus is a royal palace of Augustus III of Poland and Stanisław August Poniatowski where the famous Grodno Sejm took place in 1793.

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Nichita Smochină

Nichita P. Smochină (Russian and Moldovan Cyrillic: Никита Смокинэ, Nikita Smokine; also known as M. Florin; March 14, 1894 – December 14, 1980) was a Transnistrian-born activist, scholar and political figure, especially noted for campaigning on behalf of ethnic Romanians in the Soviet Union.

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Nikita Demidov

Nikita Demidov (full name Nikita Demidovich Antufiev; 5 April 1656 – 28 November 1725) was a Russian industrialist who founded the Demidov industrial dynasty.

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Nils Gyllenstierna

Nils Carlsson Gyllenstierna af Fogelvik, a member of the Swedish baronial family of Gyllenstierna, born 1648, dead 1720, was a Swedish field-marshal, member of the Royal Council, president of the Board of War, and governor-general of Bremen-Verden.

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Nils Krister von Baumgarten

Nils Krister von Baumgarten (1674, Kalmar ― 1727, Stockholm) was a Swedish military officer.

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Nissen (noble family)

Nissen, von Nissen and von Nissen-Benzon is a Danish family of land owners from Southern Jutland, which was partially ennobled in 1710.

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Noarootsi Parish

Noarootsi Parish (Noarootsi vald, Nuckö kommun) was a rural municipality in Lääne County, western Estonia between 1991 and 2017.

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Nordic countries

The Nordic countries or the Nordics are a geographical and cultural region in Northern Europe and the North Atlantic, where they are most commonly known as Norden (literally "the North").

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North Frisia

North Frisia or Northern Friesland is the northernmost portion of Frisia, located primarily in Germany between the rivers Eider and Wiedau/Vidå.

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Northern Wars

Northern Wars is a term used for a series of wars fought in northern and northeastern Europe in the 16th and 17th century.

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Norway during the Great Northern War

The Great Northern War was the war fought between a coalition of Denmark–Norway, Russia and Saxony-Poland (from 1715 also Prussia and Hanover) on one side and Sweden on the other side from 1700 to 1721.

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Norwegian Army

Norway achieved full independence in 1905, and in the first century of its short life has contributed to three major conflicts, World War II, the Cold War and the War on Terror.

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Notgeld

Notgeld (German for "emergency money" or "necessity money") refers to money issued by an institution in a time of economic or political crisis.

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Novaya Ladoga

Novaya Ladoga (Но́вая Ла́дога) is a town in Volkhovsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located at the point where the Volkhov River flows into Lake Ladoga, east of St. Petersburg.

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Nowotaniec

Nowotaniec (Lobetanz, 1409; ד בנוביטַניץ' Novitanitz; Новотанець, Novotanets’) is a village in south-eastern Poland, inhabited by about 430 (2002), in the Pogórze Bukowskie (Bukowsko Upland) mountains.

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Nowy Korczyn

Nowy Korczyn is a village in Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland.

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Nowy Sącz

Nowy Sącz is a city in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship of southern Poland.

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Nyasvizh

Nesvizh, Niasviž (Нясві́ж; Не́свиж; Nieśwież; ניעסוויז; Nesvisium) is a city in Belarus.

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Nyenschantz

Nyenschantz (Ниенша́нц, Nienshants; Nyenskans; Nevanlinna) was a Swedish fortress at the confluence of the Neva River and Okhta River, the site of present-day Saint Petersburg, Russia.

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Nyland and Tavastehus County Cavalry Regiment

The Nyland and Tavastehus County Cavalry Regiment (Nylands och Tavastehus läns kavalleriregemente) was a Swedish Army cavalry regiment located in the county of Nyland and Tavastehus that traced its origins back to the 17th Century.

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Odderøya

Odderøya is an island in Kristiansand municipality in Vest-Agder county, Norway.

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Odrzykoń

Odrzykoń is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wojaszówka, within Krosno County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland.

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Ogrodzieniec

Ogrodzieniec is a town in Zawiercie County, Silesian Voivodeship, Poland, with 4,499 inhabitants (2004).

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Old Finland

Old Finland (Vanha Suomi; r; Gamla Finland) is a name used for the areas that Russia gained from Sweden in the Great Northern War and in the Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743).

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Old Grodno Castle

The Old Grodno Castle (also known as the Grodno Upper Castle and Bathory's Castle) originated in the 11th century as the seat of a dynasty of Black Ruthenian rulers, descended from a younger son of Yaroslav the Wise of Kiev.

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Old Trinity Cathedral

The Old Trinity Cathedral (also known as Peter's Trinity Cathedral, Троице-Петровский собор) was the oldest church in St. Petersburg, Russia.

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Oleśnica, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship

Oleśnica is a village in Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland.

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Olonets

Olonets (Оло́нец; Aunus, Anuksenlinnu; Aunus, Aunuksenlinna or Aunuksenkaupunki) is a town and the administrative center of Olonetsky District of the Republic of Karelia, Russia, located on the Olonka River to the east from Lake Ladoga.

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Opatów

Opatów (אַפּטאַ, אַפּט) is a town in Poland, in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, historic province of Lesser Poland.

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Order of battle for the Battle of Lesnaya

The following units fought in the Battle of Lesnaya on October 9, 1708 during the Great Northern War.

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Oslo

Oslo (rarely) is the capital and most populous city of Norway.

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Ossowski (Dołęga)

The surname Ossowski (singular masculine), Ossowska (singular feminine), or Ossowscy (plural) (also Osowski / Osowska / Osowscy) belongs to a Polish noble family.

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Ostrobothnia (historical province)

Ostrobothnia, Österbotten (literally "Eastern Bottom", "botten" deriving from Old Norse botn in the meaning of 'bay', and Latinized "bothnia"), Pohjanmaa (literally "Bottom (low) lands") is a historical province comprising a large western and northern part of modern Finland (which was then the "eastern half" of Sweden).

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Otto Vellingk

Count Otto Ottoson Vellingk (1649, Jama, Swedish Ingria - 1708) was a Swedish general during the Great Northern War.

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Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire (دولت عليه عثمانیه,, literally The Exalted Ottoman State; Modern Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu or Osmanlı Devleti), also historically known in Western Europe as the Turkish Empire"The Ottoman Empire-also known in Europe as the Turkish Empire" or simply Turkey, was a state that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries.

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Ottoman wars in Europe

The Ottoman wars in Europe were a series of military conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and various European states dating from the Late Middle Ages up through the early 20th century.

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Ottoman–Venetian War (1714–1718)

The Seventh Ottoman–Venetian War was fought between the Republic of Venice and the Ottoman Empire between 1714 and 1718.

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Our Lady of the Gate of Dawn

Our Lady of the Gate of Dawn (Aušros Vartų Dievo Motina, Matka Boska Ostrobramska, Маці Божая Вастрабрамская, Остробрамская икона Божией Матери) is the prominent Catholic painting of the Blessed Virgin Mary venerated by the faithful in the Chapel of the Gate of Dawn in Vilnius, Lithuania.

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Outline of Saint Petersburg

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Saint Petersburg: Saint Petersburg – second-largest city in Russia.

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Paide Church

Paide Holy Cross Church is a Lutheran church in Paide, Estonia.

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Palace of Facets

The Palace of the Facets (Грановитая Палата, Granovitaya Palata) is a building in the Moscow Kremlin, Russia, which contains what used to be the main banquet reception hall of the Muscovite Tsars.

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Palanga

Palanga (Palanga (also till 1934)) is a seaside resort town in western Lithuania, on the shore of the Baltic Sea.

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Palmer Ort

The Palmer Ort is the southernmost point of the German Baltic Sea island of Rügen and its peninsula of Zudar.

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Palmse

Palmse is a village in Haljala Parish, Lääne-Viru County, in northern Estonia, on the territory of Lahemaa National Park.

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Patriarch Alexy II of Moscow

Patriarch Alexy II (or Alexius II, Патриарх Алексий II; secular name Alexey Mikhailovich von Ridiger Алексе́й Миха́йлович Ри́дигер; 23 February 1929 – 5 December 2008) was the 15th Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus', the primate of the Russian Orthodox Church.

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Pavlo Polubotok

Pavlo Polubotok (Павло Полуботок) (born around 1660, died on 29 December 1724), was a Cossack political and military leader and Acting Hetman of Left-bank Ukraine between 1722 and 1724.

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Pärnu

Pärnu (Pernau) is the fourth-largest city in Estonia.

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Põltsamaa Castle

Põltsamaa Castle (Põltsamaa linnus; Schloss Oberpahlen), also Põltsamaa Order Castle, (Põltsamaa ordulinnus), is a castle in Põltsamaa, Jõgeva County, in eastern Estonia.

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Põlva

Põlva is a town in southeastern Estonia, the capital of Põlva County, and the centre of Põlva Parish.

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Peace

Peace is the concept of harmony and the absence of hostility.

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Peace of Lund

The Peace of Lund, signed on 16 September (O.S.) / 26 September 1679, was the final peace treaty between Denmark-Norway and the Swedish Empire in the Scanian War.

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Peace of Travendal

The Peace of Travendal was a peace treaty concluded at the outset of the Great Northern War on 18 August 1700 between the Swedish Empire, Denmark–Norway and Holstein-Gottorp in Traventhal.

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Pechersk Lavra fortification

The Lavra fortification (translit; translit) is a system of walls, towers and other constructions built for the protection of the Cave Monastery in Kiev, the capital of Ukraine.

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Pechory

Pechory (Печо́ры; Estonian and Seto: Petseri) is a town and the administrative center of Pechorsky District in Pskov Oblast, Russia.

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Peder Colbjørnsen

Peder Colbjørnsen (5 July 1683 – 17 March 1738) was a Norwegian timber merchant and war hero.

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Pehr Evind Svinhufvud

Pehr Evind Svinhufvud af Qvalstad (15 December 1861 – 29 February 1944) was the third President of Finland from 1931 to 1937.

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Pehr Kalm

Pehr Kalm (6 March 1716 – 16 November 1779) (in Finland also known as Pietari Kalm and in some English-language translations as Peter Kalm) was a Finnish explorer, botanist, naturalist, and agricultural economist.

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Pereswetoff-Morath

Pereswetoff-Morath (Пересветов(-Мурат).) is a Swedish noble family of Russian origin, one of the so-called bayor families.

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Perloja

Perloja is a village in Varėna district, Lithuania.

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Peter and Paul Fortress

The Peter and Paul Fortress is the original citadel of St. Petersburg, Russia, founded by Peter the Great in 1703 and built to Domenico Trezzini's designs from 1706 to 1740 as a star fortress.

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Peter Lacy

Count Peter von Lacy, or Pyotr Petrovich Lacy (Пётр Петро́вич Ла́сси), as he was known in Russia (26 September 1678 – 30 April 1751), was one of the most successful Russian imperial commanders before Rumyantsev and Suvorov.

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Peter Ludwig du Moulin

Peter Ludwig du Moulin (1681 in Wesel–10 August 1756 in Stendal) was a Prussian General of Infantry and served Frederick the Great during the War of Austrian Succession (1740–1748).

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Peter the Great (Fabergé egg)

The Peter the Great Egg is a jewelled Easter egg made under the supervision of the Russian jeweler Peter Carl Fabergé in 1903 for the last Tsar of Russia, Nicholas II.

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Peter the Great: His Life and World

Peter the Great: His Life and World is a 1980 work written by Robert K. Massie.

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Peter Tordenskjold

Peter Jansen Wessel Tordenskiold (28 October 1690 – 12 November 1720), commonly referred to as Tordenskjold (lit. Thunder Shield), was a Danish-Norwegian nobleman and an eminent naval flag officer in the service of the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy.

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Peter von Pennavaire

Peter Ernst von Pennavaire (1678/1680–19 January 1759), was the son a French advocate (attorney) in Toulouse, who had fled from France in about 1685.

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Peterhof Palace

The Peterhof Palace (p, Dutch for Peter's Court) is a series of palaces and gardens located in Petergof, Saint Petersburg, Russia, laid out on the orders of Peter the Great.

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Petrozavodsk

Petrozavodsk (p; Karelian, Vepsian & Petroskoi; Finland Swedish: Petroskoj) is the capital city of the Republic of Karelia, Russia, which stretches along the western shore of Lake Onega for some.

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Philip Johan von Strahlenberg

Philip Johan von Strahlenberg (1676–1747) was a Swedish officer and geographer of German origin who made important contributions to the cartography of Russia.

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Piła

Piła (Schneidemühl) is a town in northwestern Poland.

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Pińczów

Pińczów is a town in Poland, in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, about 40 km south of Kielce.

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Pierre Marteau

Pierre Marteau (French for Peter Hammer) was the imprint of a supposed publishing house.

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Piirissaar

Piirissaar (earlier Borka, translit) is an Estonian island located in Lake Peipus.

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Pirna

Pirna (Pěrno) is a town in the Free State of Saxony, Germany, capital of the administrative district Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge.

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Pitești

Pitești is a city in Romania, located on the Argeș River.

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Pojama

A pojama or pojema (also pojanmaa) was a type of warship built for the Swedish archipelago fleet in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.

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Poland

Poland (Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country located in Central Europe.

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Polish Crown Jewels

The only surviving original piece of the Polish Crown Jewels from the time of the Piast dynasty is the ceremonial sword – Szczerbiec.

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Polish Navy

The Polish Navy (Marynarka Wojenna, "War Navy") is a military branch of the Polish Armed Forces responsible for naval operations.

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Polish Theatre in Bydgoszcz

The Polish theatre or Polski Teatr of Bydgoszcz has been established in 1949, at Adam Mickiewicz Alley N°2, in downtown district.

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Polish–Lithuanian royal election, 1704

In early 1700, King of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania and Elector of Saxony, Augustus II the Strong began the Great Northern War by attacking Swedish Livonia.

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Polish–Swedish wars

The Polish–Swedish Wars were a series of wars between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Sweden.

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Poltava

Poltava (Полтава; Полтава) is a city located on the Vorskla River in central Ukraine.

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Pomerania during the Early Modern Age

Pomerania during the Early Modern Age covers the history of Pomerania in the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries.

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Pomeranian War

The Pomeranian War was a theatre of the Seven Years' War.

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Poniec

Poniec (Punitz) is a town situated in the southern part of the Greater Poland Voivodeship (since 1999), formerly in Leszno Voivodeship (1975-1998), in Poland.

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Pontifical university

Pontifical universities are higher education ecclesiastical schools established or approved directly by the Holy See, composed of three main ecclesiastical faculties (Theology, Philosophy and Canon Law) and at least one other faculty.

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Pori Brigade

The Pori Brigade (Finnish: Porin Prikaati), based in Huovinrinne, Säkylä, is a Finnish Army unit, directly under the Army headquarters.

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Postage stamps and postal history of Estonia

This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Estonia.

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Potsdam Giants

The Potsdam Giants was the Prussian infantry regiment No 6, composed of taller-than-average soldiers.

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Poznań

Poznań (Posen; known also by other historical names) is a city on the Warta River in west-central Poland, in the Greater Poland region.

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Pram (ship)

A pram or pramm describes a type of shallow-draught flat-bottomed ship.

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Preobrazhenskoye District

Preobrazhenskoye District (райо́н Преображе́нское) is a district of Eastern Administrative Okrug in the federal city of Moscow, Russia.

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Preobrazhensky Regiment

The Preobrazhensky Lifeguard Regiment was one of the oldest and most elite guard regiments of the Imperial Russian Army.

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Prienai

Prienai is a city in Lithuania situated on the Nemunas River, south of Kaunas.

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Primorsk, Leningrad Oblast

Primorsk (Примо́рск; Koivisto; Björkö) is a coastal town in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia and is the second largest Russian port on the Baltic, after St. Petersburg.

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Prince Alexander of Imereti (1674–1711)

Prince Alexander (ალექსანდრე, Alek'sandre), also known as Tsarevich Aleksandr Archilovich Imeretinsky (Александр Арчилович Имеретинский) (1674 – 20 February 1711) was a Georgian royal prince (batonishvili) of the Kingdom of Imereti.

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Prince's Life Regiment

The Prince's Life Regiment (Prinsens Livregiment) was a Royal Danish Army infantry regiment.

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Priozersk

Priozersk (Приозе́рск, known before 1948 in Finnish as Käkisalmi (Kexholm) is a town and the administrative center of Priozersky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located at the northwestern shore of Lake Ladoga, at the estuary of the northern armlet of the Vuoksi River on the Karelian Isthmus. It is served by a station of the same name on the St. Petersburg—Khiytola railway. Population.

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Priozersky District

Priozersky District (Приозе́рский райо́н) is an administrativeOblast Law #32-oz and municipalLaw #50-oz district (raion), one of the seventeen in Leningrad Oblast, Russia.

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Province of Pomerania (1653–1815)

The Province of Pomerania was a province of Brandenburg-Prussia, the later Kingdom of Prussia.

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Province of Pomerania (1815–1945)

The Province of Pomerania (Provinz Pommern) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free State of Prussia from 1815 until 1945.

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Provincial and Municipal Public Library in Bydgoszcz

Bydgoszcz Provincial and City Public Library-"Dr.

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Prussia

Prussia (Preußen) was a historically prominent German state that originated in 1525 with a duchy centred on the region of Prussia.

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Prussia Columns

The Prussia Columns (Preußensäulen) are two monuments, over high, that were erected in the years 1854 and 1855 by order of the Prussian king, Frederick William IV on the southeast coast of the German island of Rügen near Neukamp and Groß Stresow.

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Prussian Army

The Royal Prussian Army (Königlich Preußische Armee) served as the army of the Kingdom of Prussia.

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Pruth River Campaign

The Russo-Ottoman War of 1710–11, also known as the Pruth River Campaign after the main event of the war, erupted as a consequence of the defeat of Sweden by the Russian Empire in the Battle of Poltava and the escape of the wounded Charles XII of Sweden and his large retinue to the Ottoman-held fortress of Bender.

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Przeworsk

Przeworsk, (translit, translit) is a town in south-eastern Poland with 15,675 inhabitants, as of 2 June 2009.

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Pskov

Pskov (p; see also names in other languages) is a city and the administrative center of Pskov Oblast, Russia, located about east from the Estonian border, on the Velikaya River.

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Pskov-Caves Monastery

Pskov-Caves Monastery or The Pskovo-Pechersky Dormition Monastery or Pskovo-Pechersky Monastery (Пско́во-Печ́ерский Успе́нский монасты́рь, Petseri klooster) is a Russian Orthodox male monastery, located in Pechory, Pskov Oblast in Russia, just a few kilometers from the Estonian border.

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Puławy

Puławy is a city in eastern Poland, in Lublin Province of northern Lesser Poland, located at the confluence of the Wisła and Kurówka rivers.

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Pułtusk

Pułtusk (Ostenburg) is a town in Poland by the river Narew, north of Warsaw.

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Raasiku Manor

History of the Raasiku manor house (German: Rasik) dates back to the Middle Ages.

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Radziwiłł family

The Radziwiłł family (Radvila; Радзівіл, Radzivił; Radziwill) was a powerful magnate family originating from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland.

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Raeapteek

The Raeapteek (Town Hall Pharmacy; Ratsapotheke) is in the center of Tallinn city, Estonia.

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Rakvere

Rakvere (Wesenberg or Wesenbergh) is a town in northern Estonia and the county seat of Lääne-Viru County, 20 km south of the Gulf of Finland.

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Rawa Mazowiecka

Rawa Mazowiecka is a town in central Poland, with 17,561 inhabitants (2016).

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Rägavere, Sõmeru Parish

Rägavere is a village in Sõmeru Parish, Lääne-Viru County, in northeastern Estonia.

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Rõngu

Rõngu is a small borough (alevik) in Tartu County, southern Estonia.

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Røros

(Plassje) is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway.

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Røros (town)

(Plassje) is the administrative centre of Røros municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway.

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Red Gate

Red Gate (Russian: Красные ворота, Krasnye vorota) were triumphal arches built in an exuberantly baroque design in Moscow.

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Red Ruthenia

Red Ruthenia or Red Rus' (Ruthenia Rubra; Russia Rubra; Chervona Rus'; Ruś Czerwona, Ruś Halicka; Chervonnaya Rus') is a term used since the Middle Ages for a region now comprising south-eastern Poland and adjoining parts of western Ukraine.

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Repnin

Repnin (Репнин), the name of an old Russian princely family of Rurikid stock.

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Republics of the Soviet Union

The Republics of the Soviet Union or the Union Republics (r) of the Soviet Union were ethnically based proto-states that were subordinated directly to the Government of the Soviet Union.

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Riga

Riga (Rīga) is the capital and largest city of Latvia.

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Riksråd

Riksrådet (in Norwegian and Swedish), Rigsrådet (in Danish) or (English: The Council of the Realm and The Council of the State – sometimes translated as "Privy Council") is the name of the councils of the Scandinavian countries that ruled the countries together with the kings from late Middle Ages to the 17th century.

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Ropsha

Ropsha (Ропша) is a settlement in Lomonosovsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, situated about south of Peterhof and south-west of central Saint Petersburg, at an elevation of to in elevation.

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Roslavl

Roslavl (Ро́славль, Roslavlis, Rosław) is a town and the administrative center of Roslavlsky District in Smolensk Oblast, Russia.

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Roslavlsky District

Roslavlsky District (Росла́вльский райо́н) is an administrativeResolution #261 and municipalLaw #133-z district (raion), one of the twenty-five in Smolensk Oblast, Russia.

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Royal Castle, Poznań

The Royal Castle in Poznań (Zamek Królewski w Poznaniu) dates from 1249 and the reign of Przemysł I. Located in the Polish city of Poznań, it was largely destroyed during the Second World War but has since been partly rebuilt.

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Royal Danish Army

The Royal Danish Army (Hæren) is the land-based branch of the Danish Defence, together with the Danish Home Guard.

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Royal Danish Navy

The Royal Danish Navy (Søværnet) is the sea-based branch of the Danish Defence force.

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Royal Horse Guards (Denmark)

The Royal Horse Guards (Danish: Livgarden til Hest) was a Cuirassier regiment in the Royal Danish Army which was founded on orders from King Frederick III in January 1661 and discontinued on 31 May 1866.

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Royal Life Guards (Denmark)

The Royal Life Guards (Den Kongelige Livgarde) is an infantry regiment of the Danish Army, founded in 1658 by King Frederik III.

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Royal Norwegian Navy

The Royal Norwegian Navy (Norwegian: Sjøforsvaret, "the naval defence (forces)") is the branch of the Norwegian Armed Forces responsible for naval operations of the state of Norway.

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Royal Saxon Army

The Royal Saxon Army (Königlich Sächsische Armee) was the military force of the Electorate (1682—1807) and later the Kingdom of Saxony (1807—1918).

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Russia

Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.

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Russia–Sweden relations

Russia-Sweden relations date back to the 10th century; when Swedish Vikings called Varangians founded new states that were later to evolve into Russia, Belarus and Ukraine.

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Russian bayors

Bayors, baijorer, ryss(e)baijorer, a Swedish transmogrification of бояринъ ‘boyar’, designating in the early modern era all Russian noblemen in general, and particularly a group of Russian noble families who had entered Swedish service in the late sixteenth–early seventeenth centuries and were incorporated into the Swedish nobility.

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Russian Empire

The Russian Empire (Российская Империя) or Russia was an empire that existed across Eurasia and North America from 1721, following the end of the Great Northern War, until the Republic was proclaimed by the Provisional Government that took power after the February Revolution of 1917.

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Russian frigate Shtandart

The frigate Shtandart was the first ship of Russia's Baltic fleet.

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Russian Navy

The Russian Navy (r, lit. Military-Maritime Fleet of the Russian Federation) is the naval arm of the Russian Armed Forces.

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Russian Pillage of 1719–21

The Russian Pillage (Swedish: Rysshärjningarna), is the name for the action of the Imperial Russian Fleet toward the Swedish civilian population along the Swedish east coast, as well as expeditions and the raids of single unit in the inland, during the finishing years of the Great Northern War in 1719–1721.

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Russian ship of the line Poltava (1712)

Poltava (Полтава) was a 54-gun ship of the line of the Russian Navy that was launched on 15 JuneAll dates are in the New Style 1712 from Saint Petersburg.

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Russian ship Vyborg

At least three ships and one ship class of the Imperial Russian Navy have been named Vyborg, after the successful siege of Vyborg in 1710.

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Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic

The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR; Ru-Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика.ogg), also unofficially known as the Russian Federation, Soviet Russia,Declaration of Rights of the laboring and exploited people, article I or Russia (rɐˈsʲijə; from the Ρωσία Rōsía — Rus'), was an independent state from 1917 to 1922, and afterwards the largest, most populous, and most economically developed union republic of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1991 and then a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with priority of Russian laws over Union-level legislation in 1990 and 1991.

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Russian Winter

Russian Winter, General Winter, General Frost, or General Snow refers to the winter climate of Russia as a contributing factor to the military failures of several invasions of Russia.

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Russians in Estonia

The population of Russians in Estonia is estimated at 320,000, most of whom live in the urban areas of Harju and Ida-Viru counties.

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Russians in Latvia

Russians have been the largest ethnic minority in Latvia for the last two centuries.

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Russo-Swedish War (1656–1658)

The Russo-Swedish War of 1656–1658 was fought by Russia and Sweden as a theater of the Second Northern War.

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Russo-Swedish War (1741–43)

The Russo–Swedish War of 1741–1743, known as the Hats' Russian War in Sweden and the Hats' War in Finland, which resulted in the Lesser Wrath (Pikkuviha, Lilla ofreden), or the occupation of Finland, was instigated by the Hats, a Swedish political party that aspired to regain the territories lost to Russia during the Great Northern War, and by French diplomacy, which sought to divert Russia's attention from supporting its long-standing ally, the Habsburg monarchy, in the War of the Austrian Succession.

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Rutger Macklier

Friherre Rutger Maclean I (1688–1748) or Rutger Macklean I was an officer of Charles XII of Sweden who participated in Battle of Holowczyn, Battle of Poltava and Battle of Tobolsk in the Great Northern War.

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Rydzyna

Rydzyna (Reisen) is a Polish town that was the seat of king Stanisław I during his first short reign from 1704 to 1709.

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Rytterskole

A rytterskole (English: rider school or cavalry school) was a type of school erected in Denmark in the years 1721–1727 for the education of common children.

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Rzeszów

Rzeszów (Ряшiв, Ŕašiv; Resche (antiquated); Resovia; ריישע, rayshe) is the largest city in southeastern Poland, with a population of 189,637 (01.03.2018).

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Sack of Baturyn

Sack of Baturyn (Захоплення Батурина, Взятие Батурина) (1-2 November 1708), sometimes also referred to as the Slaughtering in Baturyn, was a part of series of punishing raids conducted by the Russian Imperial Army against Mazepa and Cossack state.

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Saint Casimir

Saint Casimir Jagiellon (Kazimierz, Kazimieras; October 3, 1458 – March 4, 1484) was a prince of the Kingdom of Poland and of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

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Saint Michael's Castle

St.

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Saint Petersburg

Saint Petersburg (p) is Russia's second-largest city after Moscow, with 5 million inhabitants in 2012, part of the Saint Petersburg agglomeration with a population of 6.2 million (2015).

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Saint Petersburg Governorate

Saint Petersburg Governorate (Санкт-Петербу́ргская губе́рния, Sankt-Peterburgskaya guberniya), or Government of Saint Petersburg, was an administrative division (a guberniya) of the Tsardom of Russia, the Russian Empire, and the Russian SFSR, which existed in 1708–1927.

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Sakalovapalo burial mounds

Sakalovapalo burial mounds is an ancient burial ground, a cemetery in Meremäe rural municipality in Obinitsa village in Estonia.

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Sandomierz Confederation

The Sandomierz Confederation was an anti-Swedish confederation, formed on May 20, 1704 in defense of the King of Poland, August II the Strong.

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Sara Holmsten

Sara Holmsten (1715–1795) was a Swedish memoirist and member of the Moravian Church.

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Södertälje

Södertälje is a city and the seat of Södertälje Municipality, Stockholm County, Sweden.

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Sēlpils Castle

Sēlpils Castle (Sēlpils pils) is an ancient castle in Latvia.

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Sędziszów Małopolski

Sędziszów Małopolski is a town in Ropczyce-Sędziszów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland, with a population of 7,078 (02.06.2009).

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Schleswig, Schleswig-Holstein

Schleswig (Slesvig; South Jutlandic: Sljasvig; archaic English: Sleswick; Sleswig) is a town in the northeastern part of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.

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Schwedenlöcher

The Schwedenlöcher is a gorge-like side valley of the Amselgrund near Rathen in Saxon Switzerland.

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Schwedt

Schwedt (or Schwedt/Oder) is a town in northeastern Brandenburg, Germany.

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Scorched earth

A scorched-earth policy is a military strategy that aims to destroy anything that might be useful to the enemy while it is advancing through or withdrawing from a location.

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Sebezh

Sebezh (Се́беж, Siebież) is a town and the administrative center of Sebezhsky District in Pskov Oblast, Russia, located in a picturesque setting between Lakes Sebezhskoye and Orono south of Pskov, the administrative center of the oblast.

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Sejny

Sejny (Seinai) is a town in north-eastern Poland and the capital of Sejny County, in Podlaskie Voivodeship, close to the northern border with Lithuania and Belarus.

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Semyonovsky Regiment

The Semyonovsky Lifeguard Regiment was one of the two oldest guard regiments of the Imperial Russian Army.

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September 11

Between the years AD 1900 and 2099, September 11 of the Gregorian calendar is the leap day of the Coptic and Ethiopian calendars.

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Shlisselburg

Shlisselburg (p; Schlüsselburg; Nöteborg) is a town in Kirovsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located at the head of the Neva River on Lake Ladoga, east of St. Petersburg.

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Siege of Belgrade (1717)

The siege of Belgrade in 1717 occurred during the Austro-Venetian-Ottoman war (1714-1718), after the Austrian victory of Petrovaradin.

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Siege of Danzig (1734)

The Siege of Danzig of 1734 was the Russian encirclement (February 22 – June 30) and capture of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth city of Danzig (Gdańsk) during the War of Polish Succession.

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Siege of Fredriksten

The Siege of Fredriksten was a siege of the Norwegian fortress of Fredriksten in the city of Fredrikshald, today's Halden, by Charles XII of Sweden.

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Siege of Narva (1704)

The Battle of Narva was the second Russian siege of Swedish Narva during the Great Northern War, resulting in the capture of the town by Russia on 9 August 1704, and the subsequent massacre of some of its Swedish inhabitants.

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Siege of Nöteborg (1702)

The Siege of Nöteborg was one of the first sieges of the Great Northern War, when Russian forces captured the Swedish fortress of Nöteborg (later renamed Shlisselburg) in October 1702.

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Siege of Riga (1700)

The Sieges of Riga were two sieges which took place on February 22 and June 15, 1700 in RigaTucker, S.C., 2010, A Global Chronology of Conflict, Vol.

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Siege of Stralsund (1711–15)

The Siege of Stralsund was a battle during the Great Northern War.

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Siege of Tönning

During the Great Northern War, the fortress of Tönning (Tønning) in the territory of Holstein-Gottorp, an ally of the Swedish Empire, was besieged twice: Denmark-Norway was forced to lift the first siege in 1700, but a combined force of the anti-Swedish coalition successfully besieged and took Tönning in 1713–1714.

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Siege of Thorn (1703)

The Siege of Thorn was set during the Great Northern War, between Sweden and Saxony from May to October 14, 1703.

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Siege of Veprik

The Siege of Veprik took place on January 3 to January 17, 1709 during the Swedish invasion of Russia in the Great Northern War.

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Siege of Viborg (1710)

The Siege of Viborg took place in the spring of 1710 during the Great Northern War (1700–1721), as a second attempt by the Russians to capture the fortress port of Viborg (Vyborg), near the modern border between Russia and Finland, after a failed attempt in 1706.

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Siege of Vyborg

Siege of Vyborg may refer to.

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Sigulda Medieval Castle

Sigulda Medieval Castle ruins are located on the edge of the Gauja valley in Latvia.

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Silent Sejm

Silent Sejm (also Dumb Sejm and literally Mute Sejm, Нямы сойм; Sejm Niemy; Nebylusis seimas) is the name given to the session of the Sejm (parliament) of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth of 1 February 1717 held in Warsaw.

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Sinimäed Hills

The Sinimäed Hills (or Blue Hills; Vaivara Sinimäed) are three linked hills in northeastern Estonia.

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Skåneland

Skåneland (Swedish) or Skånelandene (Danish) is a region on the southern Scandinavian peninsula.

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Skirmish at Bender

The Skirmish at Bender (Kalabaliken i Bender and Benderin kalabaliikki) was devised to remove Charles XII of Sweden from the Ottoman Empire after his military defeats in Russia.

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Skrzynno, Masovian Voivodeship

Skrzynno is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wieniawa, within Przysucha County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.

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Skuleskogen National Park

Skuleskogen National Park (Skuleskogens nationalpark) is a Swedish national park in Västernorrland County, on the coast of the Baltic Sea, in northern Sweden.

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Slantsevsky District

Slantsevsky District (Сла́нцевский райо́н) is an administrativeOblast Law #32-oz and municipalLaw #47-oz district (raion), one of the seventeen in Leningrad Oblast, Russia.

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Smiltene

Smiltene is a town in the Vidzeme region in northern Latvia, 132 km northeast of the capital Riga, and the administrative centre of Smiltene Municipality.

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Sofia Drake

Sofia Drake of Torp and Hamra (1662-16 September 1741), was a Swedish landowner.

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Sophia Dorothea of Hanover

Sophia Dorothea of Hanover (– 28 June 1757) was a Queen consort in Prussia as spouse of Frederick William I.

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Sophia Elisabet Brenner

Sophia Elisabet Brenner, née Weber (29 April 1659 – 14 September 1730), was a Swedish writer, poet, feminist and salon hostess.

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Sosnove

Sosnove (Сосновое) is an urban-type settlement in Berezne Raion of Rivne Oblast, Ukraine, located at around.

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Sottunga

Sottunga is an island municipality of Åland, an autonomous territory of Finland.

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Sound Dues

The Sound Dues (or Sound Toll; Øresundstolden) were a toll on the use of the Øresund which constituted up to two thirds of Denmark's state income in the 16th and 17th centuries.

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South Sea Company

The South Sea Company (officially The Governor and Company of the merchants of Great Britain, trading to the South Seas and other parts of America, and for the encouragement of fishing) was a British joint-stock company founded in 1711, created as a public-private partnership to consolidate and reduce the cost of national debt.

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St Michael's Church, Tallinn

St Michael's Church or St Michael's Swedish Church (Svenska S:t Mikaelskyrkan) is a Lutheran church used by the Swedish congregation in the old town district of Tallinn, Estonia.

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St Peter and St Paul's Cathedral, Tallinn

St.

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St. Gertrude Old Church, Riga

St.

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St. John's Church, Tartu

St.

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St. Mary's Church, Grodno

St.

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Stach Konwa

Stach Konwa is a legendary Polish hero, especially important to the inhabitants of the Polish Kurpie region.

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Stade

Stade is a city in Lower Saxony in northern Germany.

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Stanisław Chomętowski

Stanisław Chomętowski (1673–1728) was a Polish politician, military commander and diplomat, notable as one of the most reliable supporters of Polish king August II the Strong.

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Stanisław Leszczyński

Stanisław I Leszczyński (also Anglicized and Latinized as Stanislaus I, Stanislovas Leščinskis, Stanislas Leszczynski; 20 October 1677 – 23 February 1766) was King of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania, Duke of Lorraine and a count of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Stanisław Poniatowski (1676–1762)

Stanisław Poniatowski (15 September 1676 29 August 1762) was a Polish military commander, diplomat, and noble.

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Starrkärr Church

Starrkärr Church (Starrkärrs kyrka)is a church in Starrkärrs socken, Sweden, situated southeast of Älvängen and northeast of the locality Nödinge-Nol.

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Staszów

Staszów is a town in Poland, in Świętokrzyskie Voivodship (historic province of Lesser Poland), about southeast of Kielce, and northeast of Kraków.

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Statare

Statare were contract-workers in Swedish agriculture who, contrary to other farmhands, were expected to be married, were provided with a simple dwelling for their family, and instead of eating at the servants' table were paid in kind with foodstuff.

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Staverns Fortress

Staverns Fortress was a military facility located on the island of Citadelløya at Stavern in Vestfold, Norway.

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Stößner

Stößner is the name of a house of German nobility.

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Stepan Velyaminov

Stepan Lukich Velyaminov (Степан Лукич Вельяминов; 1670-1737) was a Russian military and state figure, Major General, President of Collegium of Little Russia (1722-27), privy councilor, senator.

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Stephen Poyntz

Stephen Poyntz (1685–1750) was an English diplomat and courtier.

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Stockholm

Stockholm is the capital of Sweden and the most populous city in the Nordic countries; 952,058 people live in the municipality, approximately 1.5 million in the urban area, and 2.3 million in the metropolitan area.

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Stockholm during the Age of Liberty

Stockholm during the Age of Liberty (1718-1772) is the period in the history of Stockholm when Sweden was governed by weak kings and a strong Riksdag where the Hats and Caps were fighting each other for influence.

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Stockholm Palace

Stockholm Palace or the Royal Palace (Stockholms slott or Kungliga slottet) is the official residence and major royal palace of the Swedish monarch (the actual residence of King Carl XVI Gustaf and Queen Silvia is at Drottningholm Palace).

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Stralsund

Stralsund, (Swedish: Strålsund) is a Hanseatic town in the Pomeranian part of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.

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Streltsy

Streltsy (t; стреле́ц) were the units of Russian firearm infantry from the 16th to the early 18th centuries and also a social stratum, from which personnel for Streltsy troops were traditionally recruited.

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Stroganov family

The Stroganovs or Strogonovs (Стро́гановы, Стро́гоновы), referred to in French as Stroganoffs, were a family of highly successful Russian merchants, industrialists, landowners, and statesmen.

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Summer Palace of Peter the Great

The Summer Palace of Peter the Great was built between 1710–1714 in the northeast corner of the Summer Garden that sat on an island formed by the Fontanka river, Moyka river, the Swan Canal (also known as Winter Canal) and has the railings of its northern perimeter running along the left bank of the Neva river across from the Cabin of Peter the Great and Peter and Paul Fortress and was the first palace built in Saint Petersburg, the second largest city in Russia.

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Sumy

Sumy (Суми, Сумы) is a city in north-eastern Ukraine, and the capital of Sumy Oblast (region).

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Suomenlinna

Suomenlinna (Finnish), or Sveaborg (Swedish), literal translation Finland Castle, until 1918 Viapori (Finnish), is an inhabited sea fortress built on six islands (Kustaanmiekka (sv:Vargskär / Gustavssvärd), Susisaari (sv:Vargö), Iso-Mustasaari (sv:Stora Östersvartö), Pikku-Mustasaari (sv:Lilla Östersvartö), Länsi-Mustasaari (sv:Västersvartö), and Långören) and which now forms part of the city of Helsinki, the capital of Finland.

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Surrender at Perevolochna

The surrender at Perevolochna was the capitulation of almost the entire Swedish army on June 30, 1709 (O.S.) / July 1, 1709 (Swedish calendar) / July 11, 1709 (N.S.). It signified the annihilation of the once formidable Swedish army after the defeat at Battle of Poltava, and paved the way for the eventual Russian victory in the Great Northern War.

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Suure-Jaani

Suure-Jaani is a town in the northern part of the county of Viljandimaa in Põhja-Sakala rural municipality, 25 kilometres north of the town of Viljandi.

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Suvalkija

Suvalkija or Sudovia (Sūduva or Suvalkija or Užnemunė) is the smallest of the five cultural regions of Lithuania.

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Svartholm fortress

The Svartholm fortress (Svartholman merilinnoitus; Svartholms fästning) was built between 1749 and 1764 outside Loviisa in Southern Finland by Augustin Ehrensvärd.

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Svea Life Guards

The Svea Life Guards (Svea livgarde), also I 1, was a Swedish Army infantry regiment that was active in various forms 1521–2000.

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Sven Åderman

Sven Åderman was a Swedish inventor and officer who created a musket capable of firing more rapidly than other conventional weaponry of the late 17th century.

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Svenstrup (manor house)

Svenstrup is a manor house and estate located close to Borup, Køge Municipality, some 50 kilometres southwest of Copenhagen, Denmark.

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Sweden

Sweden (Sverige), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.

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Sweden and the Winter War

The Winter War was fought in the four months following the Soviet Union's invasion of Finland on November 30, 1939.

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Sweden–Ukraine relations

Sweden–Ukraine relations are foreign relations between Sweden and Ukraine.

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Swedes

Swedes (svenskar) are a Germanic ethnic group native to Sweden.

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Swedish Army

The Swedish Army (Armén) is a branch of the Swedish Armed Forces in which its main responsibility is land operations.

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Swedish calendar

The Swedish calendar (Svenska kalendern) or Swedish style (Svenska stilen) was a calendar in use in Sweden and its possessions from 1 March 1700 until 30 February 1712 (see below).

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Swedish diaspora

The Swedish diaspora consists of emigrants and their descendants, especially those that maintain some of the customs of their Swedish culture.

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Swedish East India Company

The Swedish East India Company (Svenska Ostindiska Companiet or SOIC) was founded in Gothenburg, Sweden, in 1731 for the purpose of conducting trade with the Far East.

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Swedish Empire

The Swedish Empire (Stormaktstiden, "Great Power Era") was a European great power that exercised territorial control over much of the Baltic region during the 17th and early 18th centuries.

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Swedish field artillery (early 18th century)

A Swedish foot (infantry) regiment during the 17th and 18th century was split into two battalions at the inception of a battle and light field artillery was usually put in the gaps that appeared between those battalions.

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Swedish Ingria

Swedish Ingria (Svenska Ingermanland, ‘land of Ingrians’) was a dominion of the Swedish Empire from 1583 to 1595 and then again from 1617 to 1721, when it was ceded to the Russian Empire in the Treaty of Nystad.

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Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War

The Swedish invasion of the Holy Roman Empire, or the Swedish Intervention in the Thirty Years' War is a historically accepted division of the Thirty Years' War.

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Swedish invasion of Poland (1701–1706)

The Swedish invasion of Poland (1701–1706), also known as Charles XII's invasion of Poland or the Polish front of the Great Northern War, was a conflict in eastern Europe overshadowed by the ongoing Great Northern War fought between the Swedish Empire against the Russian Empire, Denmark-Norway, Saxony and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

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Swedish invasion of Russia (1708–1709)

The invasion of Russia by Charles XII of Sweden was a campaign undertaken during the Great Northern War between Sweden and the allied states of Russia, Poland, and Denmark.

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Swedish Livonia

Swedish Livonia (Svenska Livland) was a dominion of the Swedish Empire from 1629 until 1721.

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Swedish Navy

The Swedish Royal Navy (Svenska marinen) is the naval branch of the Swedish Armed Forces.

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Swedish Pomerania

Swedish Pomerania (Svenska Pommern; Schwedisch-Pommern) was a Dominion under the Swedish Crown from 1630 to 1815, situated on what is now the Baltic coast of Germany and Poland.

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Swedish Wars on Bremen

The Swedish Wars on Bremen were fought between the Swedish Empire and the Hanseatic town of Bremen in 1654 and 1666.

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Swedish Wismar

Swedish Wismar (Swedish: Svenska Wismar) was a Dominion under the Swedish Crown from 1648 to 1903 and corresponded roughly to the modern boundaries of the city of Wismar.

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Szczecin

Szczecin (German and Swedish Stettin), known also by other alternative names) is the capital and largest city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland. Located near the Baltic Sea and the German border, it is a major seaport and Poland's seventh-largest city. As of June 2011, the population was 407,811. Szczecin is located on the Oder, south of the Szczecin Lagoon and the Bay of Pomerania. The city is situated along the southwestern shore of Dąbie Lake, on both sides of the Oder and on several large islands between the western and eastern branches of the river. Szczecin is adjacent to the town of Police and is the urban centre of the Szczecin agglomeration, an extended metropolitan area that includes communities in the German states of Brandenburg and Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. The city's recorded history began in the 8th century as a Slavic Pomeranian stronghold, built at the site of the Ducal castle. In the 12th century, when Szczecin had become one of Pomerania's main urban centres, it lost its independence to Piast Poland, the Duchy of Saxony, the Holy Roman Empire and Denmark. At the same time, the House of Griffins established themselves as local rulers and the population was Christianized. After the Treaty of Stettin in 1630, the town came under the control of the Swedish Empire and became in 1648 the Capital of Swedish Pomerania until 1720, when it was acquired by the Kingdom of Prussia and then the German Empire. Following World War II Stettin became part of Poland, resulting in expulsion of the German population. Szczecin is the administrative and industrial centre of West Pomeranian Voivodeship and is the site of the University of Szczecin, Pomeranian Medical University, Maritime University, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin Art Academy, and the see of the Szczecin-Kamień Catholic Archdiocese. From 1999 onwards, Szczecin has served as the site of the headquarters of NATO's Multinational Corps Northeast. Szczecin was a candidate for the European Capital of Culture in 2016.

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Tallinn

Tallinn (or,; names in other languages) is the capital and largest city of Estonia.

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Tallinn Gate

Tallinn Gate (Tallinna värav) is a city gate in the historical fortifications of Pärnu, Estonia.

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Tarnogród Confederation

The Tarnogród Confederation was a confederation of szlachta in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, in the years 1715–1716.

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Tartu County

Tartu County (Tartu maakond), or Tartumaa (Kreis Dorpat), is one of 15 counties of Estonia.

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Tõnismägi

Tõnismägi (Estonian for "St. Anthony's Hill") is a 36-metre high hillock adjacent to Toompea hill in Tallinn, Estonia.

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Tönning

Tönning (German; Low German Tünn, Tönn or Tönnen; Danish: Tønning; North Frisian: Taning) is a town in the district of Nordfriesland in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein.

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Tørres Christensen

Tørres Christensen (10 May 1664 – 15 February 1721) was a Norwegian timber merchant, sawmill owner, landowner and ship owner.

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Ternopil

Ternopil (Ternopil',; Tarnopol; Ternopol'; Tarnopol; Ternepol/Tarnopl; Tarnopol) is a city in western Ukraine, located on the banks of the Seret River.

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Territorial evolution of Russia

Territorial changes of Russia happened by means of military conquest and by ideological and political unions in the course of over five centuries (1533-today).

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The Bronze Horseman (poem)

The Bronze Horseman: A Petersburg Tale (Медный всадник: Петербургская повесть Mednyj vsadnik: Peterburgskaja povest, literally: "The Copper Horseman") is a narrative poem written by Alexander Pushkin in 1833 about the equestrian statue of Peter the Great in Saint Petersburg and the great flood of 1824.

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The Outward Urge

The Outward Urge is a science fiction fix-up novel by British writer John Wyndham.

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The Ruin (Ukrainian history)

The Ruin (translit) is a historical term introduced by the Cossack chronicle writer Samiylo Velychko (1670-1728) for the political situation in Ukrainian history during the second half of 17th century.

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The Sovereign's Servant

The Sovereign's Servant (Слуга государев, Sluga Gosudarev) is a 2007 Russian war film written and directed by Oleg Ryaskov.

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The Vyborg Side

The Vyborg Side (Vyborgskaya storona) is a 1939 Soviet drama film directed by Grigori Kozintsev and Leonid Trauberg, the final part of trilogy about the life of a young factory worker, Maxim.

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Third Silesian War

The Third Silesian War was a theatre of the Seven Years' War.

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Thomas Hopsonn

Sir Thomas Hopsonn or Hopson (1643 – 1717) was an English naval officer and member of parliament.

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Timeline of British diplomatic history

This timeline covers the main points of British (and English) foreign policy from 1485 to the early 21st century.

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Timeline of Estonian history

This is a timeline of Estonian history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Estonia and its predecessor states.

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Timeline of Finnish history

This is a timeline of Finnish history.

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Timeline of Latvian history

This is a timeline of Latvian history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Latvia and its predecessor states.

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Timeline of Russian history

This is a timeline of Russian history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Russia and its predecessor states.

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Timeline of Swedish history

This is a timeline of Swedish history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Sweden and its predecessor states.

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Timeline of Warsaw

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Warsaw, Poland.

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Tobolsk

Tobolsk (Тобо́льск) is a town in Tyumen Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Tobol and Irtysh Rivers.

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Toila

Toila is a small borough (alevik) in Ida-Viru County, in northeastern Estonia.

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Toksovo

Toksovo (То́ксово; Toksova) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Vsevolozhsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located to the north of St. Petersburg on the Karelian Isthmus.

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Toompea

Toompea (from Domberg, "Cathedral Hill") is a limestone hill in the central part of the city of Tallinn, the capital of Estonia.

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Tordenskjold Township, Otter Tail County, Minnesota

Tordenskjold Township is a township in Otter Tail County, Minnesota, United States.

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Torstenson War

The Torstenson war, Hannibal controversy or Hannibal War (Hannibalsfeiden) was a short period of conflict between Sweden and Denmark–Norway from 1643 to 1645 towards the end of the Thirty Years' War.

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Toruń

Toruń (Thorn) is a city in northern Poland, on the Vistula River.

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Tosnensky District

Tosnensky District (То́сненский райо́н) is an administrativeOblast Law #32-oz and municipalLaw #116-oz district (raion), one of the seventeen in Leningrad Oblast, Russia.

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Tower of St. Olav

The Tower of St.

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Trakai

Trakai (see names section for alternate and historic names) is a historic city and lake resort in Lithuania.

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Trångsund Fortress

Trångsund Fortress (Крепость Тронгзунд, Uuraan linnoitus) is a naval fort by the Vyborg Bay in the town of Vysotsk, Leningrad Oblast, Russia.

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Trøndelag

Trøndelag is a county in the central part of Norway.

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Treaties of Stockholm (Great Northern War)

The Treaties of Stockholm are two treaties signed in 1719 and 1720 that ended the war between Sweden and an alliance of Hanover and Prussia.

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Treaty of Altranstädt (1706)

The Treaty of Altranstädt was concluded between Charles XII of Sweden and Augustus the Strong of Saxony and Poland-Lithuania, on 13 October 1706, during the Great Northern War.

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Treaty of Altranstädt (1707)

The Treaty or Convention of Altranstädt was signed between Charles XII of Sweden and Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor on 31 August 1707.

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Treaty of Berlin (1715)

The Treaty of Berlin was concluded on 2 May 1715, during the Great Northern War.

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Treaty of Bromberg

The Treaty of Bromberg (Latin: Pacta Bydgostensia) or Treaty of Bydgoszcz was a treaty between John II Casimir of Poland and Elector Frederick William of Brandenburg-Prussia, ratified at Bromberg (Bydgoszcz) on 6 November 1657.

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Treaty of Constantinople (1700)

The Treaty of Constantinople or Istanbul was signed on 13 July 1700 between the Tsardom of Russia and the Ottoman Empire.

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Treaty of Copenhagen (1709)

On 22 October 1709, during the Great Northern War, the alliance between the Russian Empire and Denmark-Norway was renewed in the Treaty of Copenhagen.

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Treaty of Dresden (1699)

The Treaty of Dresden was concluded on 14 September 1699, preparing the Great Northern War.

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Treaty of Dresden (1709)

The Treaty of Dresden was concluded on 28 June 1709, during the Great Northern War.

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Treaty of Frederiksborg

The Treaty of Frederiksborg (Frederiksborgfreden) was a treaty signed at Frederiksborg Castle, Zealand, on 3 July 1720Heitz (1995), p.244 (14 July 1720 according to the Gregorian calendar), ending the Great Northern War between Denmark-Norway and Sweden.

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Treaty of Greifswald

The Treaty of Greifswald was concluded on 28 October 1715, during the Great Northern War.

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Treaty of Hanover (1710)

The Treaty of Hanover was concluded on 3 July 1710, during the Great Northern War.

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Treaty of Narva

The Treaty of Narva was concluded on 19 August (O.S.) / 30 August 1704 during the Great Northern War.

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Treaty of Nystad

The Treaty of Nystad (Ништадтский мир, Uudenkaupungin rauha, Freden i Nystad, Uusikaupunki rahu) was the last peace treaty of the Great Northern War of 1700–1721.

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Treaty of Preobrazhenskoye

The Treaty of Preobrazhenskoye (or the Treaty of Preobrazhenskoe) was negotiated by Johann Patkul and signed on 22 November 1699 in Preobrazhenskoye (now a part of Moscow), a favoured residence of the tsar Peter the Great.

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Treaty of Schwedt

The Treaty of Schwedt was concluded on 6 October 1713, during the Great Northern War, between the Tsardom of Russia and Brandenburg-Prussia in Schwedt.

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Treaty of Stettin (1570)

The Treaty of Stettin (Frieden von Stettin, Freden i Stettin, Freden i Stettin) of 13 December 1570, ended the Northern Seven Years' War fought between Sweden and Denmark with her internally fragmented alliance of Lübeck and Poland.

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Treaty of Stettin (1653)

The Treaty of Stettin (Grenzrezeß von Stettin) of 4 May 1653Heitz (1995), p.232 settled a dispute between Brandenburg and Sweden, who both claimed succession in the Duchy of Pomerania after the extinction of the local House of Pomerania during the Thirty Years' War.

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Treaty of Stettin (1715)

The Treaty of Stettin was concluded on 28 April 1715, during the Great Northern War, in the Prussian camp at Stettin (now Szczecin) between Hanover and Prussia.

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Treaty of Szatmár

The Treaty of Szatmár (or the Peace of Szatmár) was a peace treaty concluded at Szatmár (present-day Satu Mare, Romania) on 29 April 1711 between the House of Habsburg emperor Charles VI, the Hungarian estates and the Kuruc rebels.

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Treaty of Thorn (1709)

The Treaty of Thorn was concluded on 9 October 1709 between Augustus the Strong of Poland-Lithuania and Peter the Great of Russia in Thorn (Toruń), during the Great Northern War.

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Treaty of Tsarskoye Selo

The Treaty of Tsarskoye Selo was a territorial and dynastic treaty between the Russian Empire and the Kingdom of Denmark.

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Treaty of Valiesar

The Treaty of Valiesar (Vallisaare vaherahu, Валиесарский договор 1658) was a treaty between Russia and Sweden, which concluded the Russo–Swedish theater of the Second Northern War.

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Treaty of Vilnius (1561)

The Treaty of Vilnius or Vilna was concluded on 28 November 1561, during the Livonian War, between the Livonian Confederation and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth at Vilnius (Vilna, Wilna, Wilno).

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Treaty of Warsaw (1705)

The Treaty of Warsaw was concluded on 18 November (O.S.) / 28 November 1705 during the Great Northern War.

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Tromper Wiek

The Tromper Wiek is a bay on the Baltic Sea between the peninsulas of Wittow and Jasmund on the island of Rügen in northeast Germany.

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Trosa

Trosa is a locality and the seat of Trosa Municipality, Södermanland County, Sweden with 5,027 inhabitants in 2010 (town) and 11,417 in 2010 (municipality).

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Tsardom of Russia

The Tsardom of Russia (Русское царство, Russkoye tsarstvo or Российское царство, Rossiyskoye tsarstvo), also known as the Tsardom of Muscovy, was the name of the centralized Russian state from assumption of the title of Tsar by Ivan IV in 1547 until the foundation of the Russian Empire by Peter the Great in 1721.

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Tuba Dei

Tuba Dei (Latin for "God's Trumpet"), is the largest medieval bell in Poland and one of the largest medieval bells in Europe, hanging in the tower of Ss. Johns Cathedral in Toruń.

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Turuma

A turuma (from the Finnish word "Turunmaa") was a type of warship built for the Swedish archipelago fleet in the late 18th century.

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Tuutari (parish)

Tuutari (Russian Дудерово, Дудорово, Дудергоф, Swedish Duderhof, Dudern) is a historical Finnish Lutheran church parish in Ingria.

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Udema

An udema (or; also udenma) was a type of warship built for the Swedish archipelago fleet in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.

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Ueckermünde

Ueckermünde is a seaport town in northeast Germany, located in the district of Vorpommern-Greifswald, Western Pomerania, near Germany's border with Poland's Police County.

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Ukraine

Ukraine (Ukrayina), sometimes called the Ukraine, is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast; Belarus to the northwest; Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively.

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Ulrik Christian Gyldenløve, Count of Samsø

Ulrik Christian Gyldenløve (1678 – December 1719) was a Danish navy Admiral and Governor of Iceland.

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Ulrika Eleonora Stålhammar

Ulrika Eleonora Stålhammar (1683 in Svenarum – 16 February 1733 at Björnskog in Hultsjö), was a Swedish corporal and crossdresser who served in the Great Northern War.

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Ulrika Eleonora, Queen of Sweden

Ulrika Eleonora or Ulrica Eleanor (23 January 1688 – 24 November 1741), also known as Ulrika Eleonora the Younger, was Queen regnant of Sweden from 5 December 1718 until her abdication on 29 February 1720 in favour of her husband Frederick I of Sweden, which made her Queen consort of Sweden until her death.

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Uman Regiment

The Uman Regiment (Уманський полк) was one of the seventeen territorial-administrative subdivisions of the Hetman State.

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Umeå Town Hall

Umeå Town Hall (Umeå rådhus) was built after the fire in 1888 that burnt the city to the ground.

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Union between Sweden and Norway

Sweden and Norway or Sweden–Norway (Svensk-norska unionen; Den svensk-norske union), officially the United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway, or as the United Kingdoms, was a personal union of the separate kingdoms of Sweden and Norway under a common monarch and common foreign policy that lasted from 1814 until its amicable and peaceful dissolution in 1905.

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University of Tartu

The University of Tartu (UT; Tartu Ülikool, Universitas Tartuensis) is a classical university in the city of Tartu, Estonia.

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Uppsala Cathedral

Uppsala Cathedral (Uppsala domkyrka) is a cathedral located between the Uppsala University Main Building and the River Fyris in the centre of Uppsala, Sweden.

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Ural Mountains

The Ural Mountains (p), or simply the Urals, are a mountain range that runs approximately from north to south through western Russia, from the coast of the Arctic Ocean to the Ural River and northwestern Kazakhstan.

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Ural Swedes

The Ural Swedes, (uralssvenskar., Уральские шведы) were Yaik Cossacks (later Orenburg Cossacks) with Swedish ancestry, related to the large groups of Swedish prisoners of the Great Northern War (1700–1721).

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Uusikaupunki

Uusikaupunki (Nystad), is a town and municipality of Finland.

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Valga County

Valga County (Valga maakond), or Valgamaa is the first-level administrative unit in Estonia and one of 15 counties of Estonia.

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Valga, Estonia

Valga (Walk) is a town in southern Estonia and the capital of Valga County.

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Valjala Church

Saint Martin's Church of Valjala is a Lutheran church in Valjala, on the island of Saaremaa, Estonia.

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Valmiera

Valmiera (Wolmar; Wolmar see other names) is the largest city of the historical Vidzeme region, Latvia, with a total area of.

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Valmiera Castle

Valmiera Castle (Valmieras pils, Schloß Wolmar) was a castle in Valmiera, Latvia.

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Vana-Antsla

Vana-Antsla is a small borough (alevik) in Võru County, in southeastern Estonia, located about north of the town of Antsla.

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Vasily Tatishchev

Vasily Nikitich Tatishchev (Васи́лий Ники́тич Тати́щев) (April 19, 1686 – July 15, 1750) was a prominent Russian statesman, and ethnographer, best remembered as the author of the first full-scale Russian history and founder of three Russian cities: Stavropol-on-Volga (now Tolyatti), Yekaterinburg, and Perm.

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Vasilyevsky Island

Vasilyevsky Island (Васи́льевский о́стров, Vasilyevsky Ostrov, V.O.) is an island in St. Petersburg, Russia, bordered by the Bolshaya Neva and Malaya Neva Rivers (in the delta of the Neva River) in the south and northeast, and by the Gulf of Finland in the west.

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Vasknarva

Vasknarva (Сыренец, Syrenets; Neuschloss) is a village in Alutaguse Parish, Ida-Viru County in northeastern Estonia.

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Vawkavysk

Vawkavysk (Ваўкавы́ск, Vaŭkavýsk; Волковыск; Wołkowysk; Valkaviskas; וואלקאוויסק; names in other languages) is one of the oldest towns in southwestern Belarus and the capital of the Vawkavysk district.

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Värvat främlingsregemente

Värvat Främlingsregemente (Enlisted Foreigner Regiment), was a Swedish Army infantry regiment organised in Poland in the early 18th century.

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Västerbotten Regiment

The Västerbotten Regiment (Västerbottens regemente), designations I 19, I XIX, I 20 and I 20/Fo 61, was a Swedish Army infantry regiment that traced its origins back to the 16th century.

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Västmanland Regiment

The Västmanland Regiment (Västmanlands regemente), designations I 18 and Fo 48, was a Swedish Army infantry regiment that traced its origins back to the 16th century.

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Ventspils

Ventspils (see other names) is a town in northwestern Latvia in the historical Courland region of Latvia, and is the sixth largest city in the country.

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Vepriai

Vepriai (simplified Lithuanian transcription, Wieprze) is the largest town in Ukmergė district, Lithuania, situated south-west of Ukmergė with population of about 549 (2011).

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Viļaka Castle

Viļaka Castle (Viļakas pilsdrupas) (Mariensee Castle, Marienhausen, Villack) is a castle in the historical region of Latgale, in eastern Latvia.

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Viborg and Nyslott County

Viborg and Nyslott County (Viborgs och Nyslotts län, Viipurin ja Savonlinnan lääni) was a county of the Swedish Empire from 1634 to 1721.

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Victoria Bastion

The Victoria Bastion is a fortified structure designed by Erik Dahlberg in Narva, Estonia built in 1683–1704.

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Victory title

A victory title is an honorific title adopted by a successful military commander to commemorate his defeat of an enemy nation.

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Vidzeme

Vidzeme (Vidžemė, Vidūmō) is one of the historical and cultural regions of Latvia.

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Viimsi

Viimsi (Wiems) is a small borough (alevik) in Harju County, northern Estonia.

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Viljandi

Viljandi (Fellin) is a town and municipality in southern Estonia with a population of 17,473 in 2013.

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Vilnius

Vilnius (see also other names) is the capital of Lithuania and its largest city, with a population of 574,221.

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Vincenzo Brenna

Vincenzo Brenna (1747Lanceray, p. 37, states birth year as 1745. Contemporary historians (Dmitry Shvidkovsky) agree on 1747 (Shvidkovsky, p. 293) – May 17, 1820) was an Italian architect and painter who was the house architect of Paul I of Russia.

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Vinni, Estonia

Vinni is a small borough (alevik) in Vinni Parish, Lääne-Viru County, in northern Estonia.

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Visby City Wall

Visby City Wall (Visby ringmur, sometimes Visby stadsmur) is a medieval defensive wall surrounding the Swedish town of Visby on the island of Gotland.

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Vistula Germans

Vistula Germans (Weichseldeutsche) are ethnic Germans who had settled in what became known after the 1863 Polish rebellion as the Vistula Territory.

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Vitebsk

Vitebsk, or Vitsebsk (Ві́цебск, Łacinka: Viciebsk,; Витебск,, Vitebskas), is a city in Belarus.

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Vitus Bering

Vitus Jonassen Bering (baptised 5 August 1681, died 19 December 1741),All dates are here given in the Julian calendar, which was in use throughout Russia at the time.

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Volga–Don Canal

Lenin Volga–Don Shipping Canal (Волго-Донской судоходный канал имени В. И. Ленина, Volga-Donskoy soudokhodniy kanal imeni V. I. Lenina, abbreviated ВДСК, VDSK) is a canal which connects the Volga River and the Don River at their closest points.

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Volosovsky District

Volosovsky District (Во́лосовский райо́н) is an administrativeOblast Law #32-oz and municipalLaw #64-oz district (raion), one of the seventeen in Leningrad Oblast, Russia.

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Von Wahl

The von Wahl family originated in Scotland and then settled in the Baltic states.

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Vsevolod Petriv

Vsevolod Petriv (Всеволод Миколайович Петрів, January 12, 1883 – July 10, 1948) was a colonel of the Imperial Russian Army, General and Head of the Staff of the Ukrainian People's Army (or Ukrainian National Army), publicist, historian, and teacher.

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Vyborg

Vyborg (p; Viipuri,; Viborg; Wiborg; Viiburi) is a town in, and the administrative center of, Vyborgsky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia.

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Vyborg Governorate

The Vyborg Governorate was a Russian Governorate 1744-1812, which was established in territories ceded by the Swedish Empire in the Great Northern War.

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Vyborgsky District, Leningrad Oblast

Vyborgsky District (Вы́боргский райо́н) is an administrativeOblast Law #32-oz and municipalLaw #17-oz district (raion), one of the seventeen in Leningrad Oblast, Russia.

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Vyborgsky District, Saint Petersburg

Vyborgsky District, Saint Petersburg is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the 18 in Saint Petersburg, Russia.

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Vyshgorodok

Vyshgorodok (Вышгородок) (Višgorodoka or Augšpils) is a rural locality (village) in Gavry volost, Pytalovsky District of Pskov Oblast, Russia, founded in the 15th century as a borderline fortress.

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Vysotsk

Vysotsk (Высо́цк; Uuras; Trångsund) is a coastal town and a seaport in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Karelian Isthmus, on the eastern shore of the Vyborg Bay, southwest of Vyborg and northwest of St. Petersburg.

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Waśniów

Waśniów is a village in Ostrowiec County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland.

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War of the Polish Succession

The War of the Polish Succession (1733–35) was a major European war sparked by a Polish civil war over the succession to Augustus II, which the other European powers widened in pursuit of their own national interests.

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War of the Spanish Succession

The War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714) was a European conflict of the early 18th century, triggered by the death of the childless Charles II of Spain in November 1700.

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Warsaw

Warsaw (Warszawa; see also other names) is the capital and largest city of Poland.

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Warsaw Confederation (1704)

The Warsaw Confederation was a confederation against King of Poland August II the Strong.

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Wilhelm Bergholtz

Wilhelm Bergholtz was a German military officer from Holstein.

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Wojnicz

Wojnicz is a town in Tarnów County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship.

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Wolgast

Wolgast is a town in the district of Vorpommern-Greifswald, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.

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Wolin Castle

Wolin Castle was a castle in the town Wolin on the island also named Wolin (in Poland), owned by the dukes of Pomerania.

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Wolmar Anton von Schlippenbach

Wolmar Anton von Schlippenbach (1653–1721) was Governor General of Swedish Estonia from 1704 to 1706.

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Women in 18th-century warfare

Active warfare throughout recorded history has predominantly involved male combatants; however, women have also contributed to military activities including as combatants.

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Women in the military by country

Recent history of changes in women's roles includes having women in the military in many countries.

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Women in the military in Europe

European countries have had varying policies that confine women and military service or the extent of their participation in the national armed services of their respective countries, especially combatant roles in armed conflicts or hostile environments.

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Wschowa

Wschowa (Fraustadt) is a town in the Lubusz Voivodeship in Poland with 14,607 inhabitants (2004).

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Yurij Vynnyckyj

Gabriel Yurij Vynnyckyj (Юрій Винницький, Юры Віньніцкі, Jerzy Winnicki) (1660—1713) was the Administrator of Kiev–Galicia from 1708 and Metropolitan of Kiev, Galicia and Ruthenia of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church from 1710 to his death in 1713.

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Zaķusala

Zaķusala (Hare Island) is one of several islands in the Daugava river in the central part of the city Riga, the capital of Latvia.

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Zakroczym

Zakroczym (זאקראטשין Zakrotshin) is a small town in the Masovian Voivodeship, Poland.

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Zamość

Zamość (Yiddish: זאמאשטש Zamoshtsh) is a city in southeastern Poland, situated in the southern part of Lublin Voivodeship (since 1999), about from Lublin, from Warsaw and from the border with Ukraine.

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Zamość Fortress

Zamość Fortress (Twierdza Zamość) is a set of fortifications constructed together with the city of Zamość (southeastern Poland).

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Zamoyski Family Fee Tail

The Zamoyski Family Fee Tail (Polish: Ordynacja Zamojska) was one of the first and largest fee tails in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

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Zaporizhia

− Zaporizhia (Запорі́жжя) or Zaporozhye (Запоро́жье), formerly Alexandrovsk (Алекса́ндровск), (Олександрівськ), is a city in southeastern Ukraine, situated on the banks of the Dnieper River.

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Zealand Life Regiment

The Zealand Life Regiment (Sjællandske Livregiment) was a Royal Danish Army infantry regiment.

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Zembin

Zembin (Зе́мбін, Зе́мбин, Ziembin) is a locality in the Barysaw District of Minsk Region, Belarus.

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10th Regiment (Denmark)

The 10th Regiment (10., widely known as the Feltherrens Fodregiment) was a Danish Army infantry regiment.

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13th Belozersk Infantry Regiment

The 13th Belozersk Infantry Regiment, or 13th General Field Marshal Prince Volkonsky's Infantry Regiment, was an infantry regiment of the Russian Empire's Imperial Russian Army.

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1684

No description.

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1700

As of March 1 (O.S. February 19), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 11 days until 1799.

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1700 in Denmark

Events from the year 1700 in Denmark.

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1700 in Norway

Events in the year 1700 in Norway.

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1700 in Sweden

Events from the year 1700 in Sweden.

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1701

In the Swedish calendar it was a common year starting on Tuesday, one day ahead of the Julian and ten days behind the Gregorian calendar.

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1701 in Sweden

Events from the year 1701 in Sweden.

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1702

In the Swedish calendar it was a common year starting on Wednesday, one day ahead of the Julian and ten days behind the Gregorian calendar.

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1703

In the Swedish calendar it was a common year starting on Thursday, one day ahead of the Julian and ten days behind the Gregorian calendar.

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1704

In the Swedish calendar it was a leap year starting on Friday, one day ahead of the Julian and ten days behind the Gregorian calendar.

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1704 in Sweden

Events from the year 1704 in Sweden.

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1708

In the Swedish calendar it was a leap year starting on Wednesday, one day ahead of the Julian and ten days behind the Gregorian calendar.

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1709

In the Swedish calendar it was a common year starting on Friday, one day ahead of the Julian and ten days behind the Gregorian calendar.

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1709 in Denmark

Events from the year 1709 in Denmark.

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1709 in Sweden

Events from the year 1709 in Sweden.

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1720 in Denmark

Events from the year 1720 in Denmark.

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1721

No description.

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1721 in Sweden

Events from the year 1721 in Sweden.

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1723 in Sweden

Events from the year 1723 in Sweden.

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1729 in Sweden

Events from the year 1729 in Sweden.

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18th century

The 18th century lasted from January 1, 1701 to December 31, 1800 in the Gregorian calendar.

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18th-century history of Germany

Germany in the era 1680s to 1789 comprised many small territories enclosed in the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation.

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1st Neva Infantry Regiment

The 1st General Field Marshal Count Lacy's, His Majesty King of the Hellenes' Neva Infantry Regiment (1-й пехотный Невский генерал-фельдмаршала графа Ласси, ныне Его Величества Короля Эллинов полк) was an infantry regiment of the Russian Imperial Army.

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Redirects here:

Great Nordic War, Great Northern Wars, Great north war, Russo-Swedish War (1700-1721), Russo-Swedish War (1700-21), Russo-Swedish War (1700–1721), Russo-Swedish War (1700–21), Russo–Swedish War (1700–1721), The Great Northern War, The Second Northern War, The great north war, The great northern war, Third Northern War.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Northern_War