Communication

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missions in Iraqi Kurdistan, List of diplomatic missions of San Marino, List of diplomatic missions of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, List of Guantanamo Bay detainees, List of hospitals in Afghanistan, List of human rights organisations, List of international organization leaders in 2004, List of international organization leaders in 2005, List of international organization leaders in 2006, List of international organization leaders in 2007, List of international organization leaders in 2008, List of international organization leaders in 2009, List of international organization leaders in 2010, List of international organization leaders in 2011, List of international organization leaders in 2012, List of international organization leaders in 2013, List of international organization leaders in 2014, List of international organization leaders in 2015, List of international organization leaders in 2016, List of international organizations based in Geneva, List of international 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Expand index (1386 more) » « Shrink index

A Memory of Solferino

A Memory of Solferino (French: Un souvenir de Solférino) is a book of the Swiss humanist Henry Dunant published in 1862.

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A Nightmare on Q Street

A Nightmare On Q Street is a haunted attraction located at Fun-Plex amusement park in Omaha, Nebraska.

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Abdul Motaleb Malik

Abdul Motaleb Malik was the last civilian Governor of East Pakistan.

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Abdullah Tabarak Ahmad

Abdullah Tabarak Ahmad (عبدالله تبارك أحمد) (Guantanamo detainee ID is 56) is a citizen of Morocco, held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detainment camps, in Cuba.

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Abdurahman Khadr

Abdurahman Khadr (عبد الرحمن خضر,; born 1982) is a Canadian citizen who was held as an enemy combatant in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detainment camps, in Cuba, after being detained in 2002 in Afghanistan under suspicion of connections to Al-Qaeda.

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Abedin Mahdavi

Abedin Mahdavi (born October 30, 1981, in Tehran) is Freelance Photojournalism, International Reporter subjecting war children and crisis, Director and a Human rights activist regarding international Peace.

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Abu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse

During the war in Iraq that began in March 2003, personnel of the United States Army and the Central Intelligence Agency committed a series of human rights violations against detainees in the Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq.

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Abu Sayyaf

Abu Sayyaf (جماعة أبو سياف;, ASG; Grupong Abu Sayyaf), unofficially known as the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant – Philippines Province, is a Jihadist militant and pirate group that follows the Wahhabi doctrine of Sunni Islam based in and around Jolo and Basilan islands in the southwestern part of the Philippines, where for more than four decades, Moro groups have been engaged in an insurgency for an independent province in the country.

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Action of 7 September 2009

The Action of 7 September 2009 took place when the German frigate ''Brandenburg'', taking part of Operation Atalanta, chased and captured a pirate skiff south of Mukalla, in the Gulf of Aden, after suspicious activity was spotted on the small vessel by the frigate’s helicopter during a reconnaissance mission.

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Adama Dieng

Adama Dieng (born May 22, 1950, Senegal) is the UN Secretary-General's Special Adviser for the Prevention of Genocide and former board member of the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance and a former registrar of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda.

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Addington Palace

Addington Palace is an 18th-century mansion in Addington near Croydon in south London, England.

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Adland

Adland is website focusing on the advertising industry and an Internet archive of commercials.

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Administrative detention

Administrative detention is arrest and detention of individuals by the state without trial, usually for security reasons.

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Adolf Eichmann

Otto Adolf Eichmann (19 March 1906 – 1 June 1962) was a German Nazi SS-Obersturmbannführer (lieutenant colonel) and one of the major organizers of the Holocaust.

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Aerial bombardment and international law

Air warfare must comply with laws and customs of war, including international humanitarian law by protecting the victims of the conflict and refraining from attacks on protected persons.

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Afghan Civil War (1996–2001)

This article covers the Afghan history between the Taliban's conquest of Kabul and their establishing of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan on 27 September 1996, and the U.S. and U.K. invasion of Afghanistan on 7 October 2001: a period that was part of the Afghan civil war that had started in 1989, and also part of the war (in wider sense) in Afghanistan that had started in 1978.

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Aftermath of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami

The aftermath of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami included both a humanitarian crisis and massive economic impacts.

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Aftermath of World War II

The Aftermath of World War II was the beginning of an era defined by the decline of all great powers except for the Soviet Union and the United States, and the simultaneous rise of two superpowers: the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States of America (USA).

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Against Malaria Foundation

The Against Malaria Foundation (AMF) is a United Kingdom-based charity that provides long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) to populations at high risk of malaria, primarily in Africa.

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Agfa-Commando

Agfa-Commando is the widely used name for the München-Giesing - Agfa Kamerawerke satellite camp of the Dachau concentration camp.

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Ahmad Motevaselian

Ahmad Motevaselian (احمد متوسلیان), an Iranian military attaché, was one of four Iranians that disappeared in Lebanon in 1982.

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Ahmedou Ould-Abdallah

Ahmedou Ould-Abdallah (أحمدو ولد عبد الله) (born November 21, 1940) is a Mauritanian diplomat who was a senior United Nations official.

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AHS Centaur

Australian Hospital Ship (AHS) Centaur was a hospital ship which was attacked and sunk by a Japanese submarine off the coast of Queensland, Australia, on 14 May 1943.

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Aid agency

An aid agency is an organization dedicated to distributing aid.

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Al-Fu'ah

Al-Fu'ah (الفوعة, also spelled al-Fouaa and al-Fo'ua) is a town in northern Syria, administratively part of the Idlib Governorate, located northeast of Idlib.

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Albader Parad

Albader Parad was a senior leader of Abu Sayyaf, a group of Islamic militants in the Philippines with links to al-Qaeda.

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Albanian Red Cross

The Albanian Red Cross (Albanian: Kryqi i Kuq Shqiptar, KKSH), or ARC, is the national society member of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies for Albania.

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Albert Göring

Albert Günther Göring (9 March 1895 – 20 December 1966) was a German businessman who helped Jews and dissidents survive in Germany during the Second World War.

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Aleppo bombings (April–July 2016)

The Aleppo bombings (April–July 2016) were intense bombardments on both rebel and government-held areas in the city of Aleppo, Syria starting in late April 2016.

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Aleppo offensive (November–December 2016)

The Aleppo offensive (November–December 2016), code named Operation Dawn of Victory by government forces, was a successful military offensive launched by the Syrian Armed Forces and allied groups against rebel-held districts in Aleppo.

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Alexander Samsonov

Aleksandr Vasilyevich Samsonov (Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Самсо́нов) was a career officer in the cavalry of the Imperial Russian Army and a general during the Russo-Japanese War and World War I.

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Alexander Sipiagin

Archpriest Alexander Sipiagin (born August 17, 1875 in Tbilisi, Russian Empire - died on January 16, 1941, Rome, Italy) was a politician, a priest of the Catholic Church and a member of Russian apostolate.

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Alexandre Hay

Alexandre Hay (29 October 1919 – 23 August 1991) was a Swiss lawyer.

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Alfredo Astiz

Alfredo Ignacio Astiz (born 8 November 1951) is a former commander, intelligence officer, marine and naval commando who served in the Argentine Navy during the military dictatorship of Jorge Rafael Videla during the Proceso de Reorganización Nacional (1976–1983).

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Ali Abunimah

Ali Hasan Abunimah (علي حسن ابو نعمة, Arabic:; born December 29, 1971) is a Palestinian-American journalist who has been described as "the leading American proponent of a one-state solution to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict."Naomi Zeveloff, The Forward 16 March 2012.

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Alice Ayres

Alice Ayres (12 September 1859 – 1885) was an English nursemaid honoured for her bravery in rescuing the children in her care from a house fire.

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Alice Eckenstein

Alice Emilie Eckenstein (Basel, Switzerland 31 January 1890 – Riehen, Basel, Switzerland 12 May 1984).

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Alice Ross-King

Alice Ross Appleford, (née Ross-King; 5 August 1887 – 19 August 1968) was an Australian civilian and military nurse who took part in both World Wars.

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Allegations of biological warfare in the Korean War

Allegations that the United States military used biological weapons in the Korean War (1950–53) were raised by the governments of People's Republic of China, the Soviet Union and North Korea.

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Allegations of chemical weapons use in the Sri Lankan Civil War

There are allegations that chemical weapons were used by the Sri Lankan military and the rebel Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) during the Sri Lankan Civil War.

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Allegations of war crimes in the 2006 Lebanon War

Allegations of war crimes in the 2006 Lebanon War refer to claims of various groups and individuals, including Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, and United Nations officials, who accused both Hezbollah and Israel of violating international humanitarian law during the 2006 Lebanon War, and warned of possible war crimes.

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Almon, Mateh Binyamin

Almon (עַלְמוֹן), also known as Anatot (עֲנָתוֹת), is an Israeli settlement organized as a community settlement in the West Bank.

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ALNAP

ALNAP (Active Learning Network for Accountability and Performance) is a sector-wide network in the international humanitarian system made up of key international humanitarian organisations and experts.

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Alon Shvut

Alon Shvut (אַלּוֹן שְׁבוּת) is an Israeli settlement located southwest of Jerusalem, one kilometer northeast of Kfar Etzion, in the West Bank.

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Alton Edwards

Alton Edwards is a Zimbabwean singer, who had a UK Top 20 hit with "I Just Wanna (Spend Some Time With You)" during January 1982.

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Aman Sethi

Aman Sethi (Hindi: अमन सेठी) is an Indian journalist and writer.

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American ISIS fighter

On September 1, 2017, American officials announced the USA had recently taken custody of an American ISIS fighter who wasn't immediately identified.

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American Red Cross

The American Red Cross (ARC), also known as the American National Red Cross, is a humanitarian organization that provides emergency assistance, disaster relief, and disaster preparedness education in the United States.

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Amir Hamudi Hasan al-Sadi

Amir Hamudi Hasan al-Saadi or Amer al-Saadi (born April 5, 1938), "the organizational genius behind the Iraqi superweapons program," was Saddam Hussein's liaison with the UN inspectors in the runup to the 2003 invasion of Iraq.

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Amor Mašović

Amor Mašović (born in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina on 29 December 1955), is a Bosnian politician and Chairman of the Bosnian Federal Commission for Missing Persons.

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Ampon Tangnoppakul

Ampon Tangnoppakul (อำพล ตั้งนพกุล;; 1 January 1948 – 8 May 2012), commonly known in Thai as Ah Kong (อากง; meaning 'grandpa') or in English as Uncle SMS, was a Thai national accused of sending four Short Message Service (SMS) messages from his cell phones to Somkiat Khrongwatthanasuk, secretary of then Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva.

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Ana González de Recabarren

Ana González González, more commonly known as Ana González de Recabarren (b. 27 July 1925), is a Chilean human rights activist.

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Anders Frisk

Anders Frisk (born 18 February 1963) is a Swedish insurance agent by trade and a former football referee.

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Anders Nordström

Anders Nordström (born 9 March 1960) is a Swedish physician who served as Acting Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO) from 22 May 2006 to 8 November 2006.

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André Liohn

André Liohn (born November 9, 1974) is a freelance photojournalist born in Botucatu, Brazil, frequently contributing to the publications Der Spiegel, L'Espresso, Time, Newsweek, Le Monde, Veja and others.

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Andrew MacLeod

Andrew Michael MacLeod is an Australian/British businessman, author, humanitarian lawyer and former aid worker.

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Angélica Mendoza de Ascarza

Angélica Mendoza de Ascarza, also known by the names mamá Angélica and mamacha Angélica (1 August 1929 – 28 August 2017), was a Peruvian Quecha human rights activist.

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Angela Boškin

Angela Boškin (1885-1977) was the first professionally trained Slovenian nurse and social worker in Yugoslavia.

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Angela Pery

Angela Olivia Pery, Countess of Limerick, CH GBE (1897–1981) was a leader of the International British Red Cross movements.

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Angelo Donati

Cavalier Angelo Donati (February 3, 1885 – December 30, 1960) was a Jewish Italian banker and philanthropist, and a diplomat of the San Marino Republic in Paris.

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Angelo Gnaedinger

Angelo Gnaedinger has been the Director-General of the International Committee of the Red Cross since 1 July 2002.

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Anine Stang

Anine Stang (born 25 February 1985 Anine Victoria Stang) is a Norwegian singer and songwriter.

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Anna Tieke

Anna Tieke (born Anna Wittenburg: 11 November 1898 - 15 January 1938) was a German communist.

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Annabelle Boettcher

Annabelle Boettcher is professor, expert on Syria and advisor for the humanitarian aid industry.

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Anneke van Giersbergen discography

This is the discography for Dutch rock singer Anneke van Giersbergen.

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Annexation

Annexation (Latin ad, to, and nexus, joining) is the administrative action and concept in international law relating to the forcible transition of one state's territory by another state.

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Anthony Barber

Anthony Perrinott Lysberg Barber, Baron Barber, TD, PC, DL (4 July 1920 – 16 December 2005) was a British Conservative politician who served as Chancellor of the Exchequer.

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Anti-personnel weapon

An anti-personnel weapon is a weapon primarily used to maim or kill infantry and other personnel not behind armor, as opposed to attacking structures or vehicles, or hunting game.

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Anton Dostler

Anton Dostler (10 May 1891 – 1 December 1945) was a German general during World War II.

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Antonio Caggiano

Antonio Caggiano (30 January 1889 – 23 October 1979) was an archbishop and a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church in Argentina.

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April 1917

The following events occurred in April 1917.

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April 1968

The following events occurred in April 1968.

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Arab–Israeli conflict

The Arab–Israeli conflict refers to the political tension, military conflicts and disputes between a number of Arab countries and Israel.

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Araouane

Araouane or Arawan is a small village in the Malian part of the vast Sahara Desert, lying north of Timbuktu on the caravan route to the salt-mining centre of Taoudenni.

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Arbeitslager

Arbeitslager is a German language word which means labor camp.

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Arbi Barayev

Arbi Alautdinovich Barayev (Арби Алаутдинович Бараев; 27 May 1974 – 22 June 2001) was a Chechen warlord, who in 1996 became the founder and first leader of the Special Purpose Islamic Regiment (SPIR) in Chechnya.

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Argentine Military Cemetery

The Argentine Military Cemetery, Cementerio de Darwin (Darwin Cemetery), is a military cemetery on East Falkland that holds the remains of 237 Argentine combatants killed during the 1982 Falklands War (Guerra de las Malvinas).

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Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act

Armed Forces (Special Powers) Acts (AFSPA), are Acts of the Parliament of India that grant special powers to the Indian Armed Forces in what each act terms "disturbed areas".

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Armoured personnel carrier

An armoured personnel carrier (APC) is a type of armoured fighting vehicle (AFV) designed to transport infantry to the battlefield.

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Army Medical Service (Germany)

The Army Medical Service (Sanitätsdienst Heer or Sanitätsdienst des Heeres) is a non-combat specialty branch of the German Army traditionally responsible for providing medical services within the army, and which has a humanitarian function during armed conflicts in accordance with international humanitarian law, and specific rights and responsibilities under the Geneva Conventions, their additional protocols and customary international humanitarian law.

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Army nursing

Army nursing may refer to.

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Arthur Lawley, 6th Baron Wenlock

Arthur Lawley, 6th Baron Wenlock, (12 November 1860 – 14 June 1932), was a British colonial administrator who served variously as Administrator of Matabeleland, Governor of Western Australia, Lieutenant-Governor of the Transvaal, and Governor of Madras.

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Arthur William Dunn

Arthur William Dunn (1868- ?) was an American educator, born at Galesburg, Ill., and educated at Knox College and the University of Chicago.

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Arvid Pardo

Arvid Pardo (February 12, 1914 – June 19, 1999) was a Maltese and Swedish diplomat, scholar, and university professor.

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Asif Shah

Asif Shah (आसिफ शाह) is a Nepali presenter, actor, singer and a friend of Binaya Lohani, director and producer.

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Asim Thahit Abdullah al Khalaqi

Asim Thahit Abdullah Al Khalaqi (1968-2015) was a citizen of Yemen, who was held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detention camp, in Cuba.

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Assassination

Assassination is the killing of a prominent person, either for political or religious reasons or for payment.

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Astrakhan Declaration

The Astrakhan Declaration is a Russian-brokered humanitarian agreement between Armenia and Azerbaijan, signed on October 27, 2010 in the Russian city of Astrakhan.

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Attacks on civilian convoys in the 2006 Lebanon war

A number of incidents of attack on civilian and UN convoys have been reported.

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Attacks on humanitarian workers

Humanitarian aid workers belonging to United Nations organisations, PVOs / NGOs or the Red Cross / Red Crescent have traditionally enjoyed both international legal protection, and de facto immunity from attack by belligerent parties.

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Attacks on parachutists

Attacks on parachutists, as defined by the law of war, is when pilots, aircrews, and passengers are attacked while descending by parachute from disabled aircraft during wartime.

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August R. Lindt

August R. Lindt (born 5 August 1905 in Bern, died 14 April 2000 in Bern), also known as Auguste R. Lindt, was a Swiss lawyer and diplomat.

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Australia and the United Nations

Australia was a founding member of the United Nations (UN) in 1945 and has been actively engaged in the organisation since its formation.

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Avigdor Arikha

Avigdor Arikha (April 28, 1929 – April 29, 2010) was a Romanian-born French–Israeli painter, draughtsman, printmaker, and art historian.

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Awo-Omamma

Awo-Omamma (also Awo Omamma or Awo-Njaba), in the Northeast of Niger Delta is an oil-rich town on the banks of Njaba River in Nigeria's South East Imo State.

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Axis occupation of Greece

The occupation of Greece by the Axis Powers (Η Κατοχή, I Katochi, meaning "The Occupation") began in April 1941 after Nazi Germany invaded Greece to assist its ally, Fascist Italy, which had been at war with Greece since October 1940.

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Ayvalık

Ayvalık is a seaside town on the northwestern Aegean coast of Turkey.

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Azerbaijan Red Crescent Society

The Azerbaijan Red Crescent Society (Azərbaycan Qızıl Aypara Cəmiyyəti) is the largest humanitarian organization in Azerbaijan and is part of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.

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Íngrid Betancourt

Ingrid Betancourt Pulecio (born 25 December 1961) is a Colombian-French politician, former senator and anti-corruption activist.

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Ōfuna prisoner-of-war camp

The was an Imperial Japanese Navy installation located in Kamakura, outside Yokohama, Japan during World War II, where high-value enlisted and officers, particularly pilots and submariner prisoners of war were interrogated and incarcerated by Japanese naval intelligence--> Richard O'Kane, Louis Zamperini and Gregory Boyington were among the prisoners held at Ōfuna.

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Bad Arolsen

Bad Arolsen (until 1997 Arolsen, Bad being the German name for Spa) is a small town in northern Hesse, Germany, in Waldeck-Frankenberg district.

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Bagram Airfield

Bagram Airfield also known as Bagram Air Base is the largest U.S. military base in Afghanistan.

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Bagram torture and prisoner abuse

In 2005, The New York Times obtained a 2,000-page United States Army investigatory report concerning the homicides of two unarmed civilian Afghan prisoners by U.S. military personnel in December 2002 at the Bagram Theater Internment Facility (also Bagram Collection Point or B.C.P.) in Bagram, Afghanistan and general treatment of prisoners.

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Bahía Blanca

Bahía Blanca (English: White Bay) is a city in the southwest of the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, by the Atlantic Ocean, and is the seat of government of Bahía Blanca Partido.

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Baltic Summer Academy

Baltic Summer Academy on International Humanitarian Law is organised every summer by Lithuanian, Latvian and Estonian Red Cross National Societies and International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) Regional Delegation for Central Europe.

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Barbara Cooper (RAF officer)

Air Commodore Barbara Cooper, CBE (born 1958) is a retired British Royal Air Force officer and former Commandant of the Air Cadet Organisation (ACO).

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Baringa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Baringa is a village in Tshuapa Province, Befale Territory in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Bashar al-Assad

Bashar Hafez al-Assad (بشار حافظ الأسد, Levantine pronunciation:;; born 11 September 1965) is a Syrian politician who has been the 19th and current President of Syria since 17 July 2000.

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Battle of Aden (2015)

The Battle of Aden was a battle for the control of Aden, Yemen, between the Houthis and Yemen Army units and militias loyal to Ali Abdullah Saleh on one side, and local residents, Southern Movement militias, and Yemen Army units and militias loyal to Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi on the other side.

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Battle of al-Qusayr (2013)

The second of two battles in al-Qusayr started on 19 May 2013, as part of the larger al-Qusayr offensive, launched in early April 2013 by the Syrian Army and the Lebanese militia Hezbollah, during the Syrian civil war, with the aim of capturing the villages around the rebel-held town of al-Qusayr and ultimately launching an attack on the town itself.

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Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016)

The Battle of Aleppo (معركة حلب) was a major military confrontation in Aleppo, the largest city in Syria, between the Syrian opposition (including the Free Syrian Army (FSA) and other largely-Sunni groups, such as the Levant Front and the Al-Qaeda-affiliated Al-Nusra Front) against the government of Bashar al-Assad, supported by Hezbollah, Shia militias and Russia, and against the Kurdish People's Protection Units. The battle began on 19 July 2012 and was part of the ongoing Syrian Civil War. A stalemate that had been in place for four years finally ended in July 2016, when Syrian government troops closed the rebels' last supply line into Aleppo with the support of Russian airstrikes. In response, rebel forces launched unsuccessful counteroffensives in September and October that failed to break the siege; in November, government forces embarked on a decisive campaign that resulted in the recapture of all of Aleppo by December 2016. The Syrian government victory was widely seen as a potential turning point in Syria's civil war. The large scale devastation of the battle and its importance led combatants to name it the "mother of battles" or "Syria's Stalingrad". The battle was marked by widespread violence against civilians, alleged repeated targeting of hospitals and schools (mostly by pro-government Air Forces and to a lesser extent by the rebels), and indiscriminate aerial strikes and shelling against civilian areas. It was also marked by the inability of the international community to resolve the conflict peacefully. The UN special envoy to Syria proposed to end the battle by giving East Aleppo autonomy, but the idea was rejected by the Syrian government. Hundreds of thousands of residents were displaced by the fighting and efforts to provide aid to civilians or facilitate evacuation were routinely disrupted by continued combat and mistrust between the opposing sides. Various claims of war crimes emerged during the battle, including the use of chemical weapons by both Syrian government forces and rebel forces, the use barrel bombs by the Syrian Air Force, the dropping of cluster munitions on populated areas by Russian and Syrian forces, the carrying out of "double tap" airstrikes to target rescue workers responding to previous strikes, summary executions of civilians and captured soldiers by both sides, indiscriminate shelling and use of highly inaccurate improvised artillery by rebel forces. During the 2016 Syrian government offensive, the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights warned that "crimes of historic proportions" were being committed in Aleppo. Fighting also caused severe destruction to the Old City of Aleppo, a UNESCO World Heritage site. An estimated 33,500 buildings have been either damaged or destroyed. After four years of fighting, the battle represents one of the longest sieges in modern warfare and one of the bloodiest battles of the Syrian Civil War, leaving an estimated 31,000 people dead, almost a tenth of the estimated overall war casualties at that time.

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Battle of Baidoa

The Battle of Baidoa began on December 20, 2006 when the Somali Transitional Federal Government's forces (TFG) allied with Ethiopian forces stationed there attacked advancing Islamic Courts Union (ICU) forces along with 500 alleged Eritrean troops and mujahideen arrayed against them.

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Battle of Basra (2003)

The Battle of Basra lasted from 21 March to 6 April 2003 and was one of the first battles of the 2003 invasion of Iraq.

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Battle of Gaza (2007)

The Battle of Gaza, also referred to as Hamas' takeover of Gaza, was a military conflict between Fatah and Hamas, that took place in the Gaza Strip between the June 10 and 15, 2007.

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Battle of Grozny (August 1996)

In the Battle of Grozny of August 1996 (also known as Operation Jihad or Operation Zero Option), Chechen rebels regained and then kept control of Chechnya's capital Grozny in a surprise raid.

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Battle of Idelimane

The Battle of Idelimane took place during the Internal Conflict in Azawad.

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Battle of Jenin

The Battle of Jenin took place in the Jenin refugee camp in the West Bank in April 1–11, 2002.

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Battle of Langensalza (1866)

The Battle of Langensalza was fought on 27 June 1866 near Bad Langensalza in what is now modern Germany, between the Kingdom of Hanover (Hanoverians) and the Prussians.

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Battle of Länkipohja

The Battle of Länkipohja was a Finnish Civil War battle fought in the village of Länkipohja (now part of the Jämsä municipality) in 16 March 1918 between the Whites and the Reds.

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Battle of Marseille

The Battle of Marseille refers to the combat and other actions from August 21–28, 1944 which led to the liberation of Marseille by French forces in World War II.

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Battle of Mogadishu (1993)

The Battle of Mogadishu, or Day of the Rangers (Maalintii Rangers), was part of Operation Gothic Serpent.

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Battle of Mullaitivu (2009)

The Battle of Mullaitivu was a land battle fought between the Sri Lankan Military and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) for the control of the town of Mullaitivu in the Northern Theater of Eelam War IV during the Sri Lankan civil war.

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Battle of Sana'a (2017)

The Battle of Sana'a in 2017 was fought between forces loyal to Ali Abdullah Saleh and the Houthis in the Yemeni capital of Sana'a.

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Battle of Solferino

The Battle of Solferino (referred to in Italy as the Battle of Solferino and San Martino) on 24 June 1859 resulted in the victory of the allied French Army under Napoleon III and Sardinian Army under Victor Emmanuel II (together known as the Franco-Sardinian Alliance) against the Austrian Army under Emperor Franz Joseph I. It was the last major battle in world history where all the armies were under the personal command of their monarchs.

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Battle of Tessalit

The Amachach military base in Tessalit was defended by roughly 800 Malian soldiers commanded by Colonel Kassim Goita, with 1,500 refugees being mostly Tuareg women and children.

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Battle of Tremseh

The Battle of Tremseh (معركة التريمسة) was a military confrontation between the Syrian Army and the Free Syrian Army in Tremseh, Syria, in the late hours of 12 July 2012 during the Syrian Civil War leading to the reported death of dozens of rebels, and an unknown number of civilians.

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Battle of Vukovar

The Battle of Vukovar was an 87-day siege of Vukovar in eastern Croatia by the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA), supported by various paramilitary forces from Serbia, between August and November 1991.

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Batwa-Luba clashes

The Batwa-Luba clashes are a series of ongoing clashes in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) the Pygmy Batwa people, and the Luba people starting in 2013.

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Begejci camp

The Begejci camp (Logor Begejci) was a detention camp established in September–October 1991 in Begejci near Zrenjanin, Serbia (then part of SFR Yugoslavia, then FRY) where Croatian prisoners of war and civilians were kept by Serbian authorities during the Croatian War of Independence.

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Beit El

Beit El (בֵּית אֵל) is an Israeli settlement and local council located in the Binyamin Region of the West Bank.

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Beita, Nablus

Beita (بيتا, translation: "Home") is a Palestinian town in the Nablus Governorate in the northern West Bank located southeast of Nablus.

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Beitar Illit

Beitar Illit (בֵּיתָר עִלִּית; officially Betar Illit; "Illit" is pronounced "ee-leet"; بيتار عيليت) is an Israeli settlement organized as a city in Gush Etzion, south of Jerusalem, in the Judaean Mountains of the West Bank.

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Belgrave Square

Belgrave Square is one of the grandest and largest 19th-century squares in London.

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Benedict Rogers

Benedict Rogers is a British human rights activist and journalist based in London.

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Bergier commission

The Bergier commission in Bern was formed by the Swiss government on 12 December 1996.

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Bernadine Healy

Bernadine Patricia Healy (August 4, 1944 – August 6, 2011) was an American physician, cardiologist, academic, and first female National Institutes of Health (NIH) Director.

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Bernard Villemot

Bernard Villemot (1911, Trouville-sur-Mer – 1989) was a French graphic artist known primarily for his iconic advertising images for Orangina, Bally Shoe, Perrier, and Air France.

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Biafra

Biafra, officially the Republic of Biafra, was a secessionist state in West Africa which existed from 30 May 1967 to January 1970; it was made up of the states in the Eastern Region of Nigeria.

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Biafran airlift

The Biafran Airlift was an international humanitarian relief effort that transported food and medicine to Biafra during the 1967-70 secession war from Nigeria (Nigerian Civil War).

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Bianca Jagger

Bianca Jagger (born Bianca Pérez-Mora Macías; 2 May 1945) ICorrect, 9 March 2011.

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Biological warfare

Biological warfare (BW)—also known as germ warfare—is the use of biological toxins or infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi with the intent to kill or incapacitate humans, animals or plants as an act of war.

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Bird Studios

Bird Studios is a UK production company, founded in 2003, specializing in design, computer animation and visual effects for TV, film and the digital world.

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Black site

In military terminology, a black site is a location at which an unacknowledged black project is conducted.

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Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)

The Blockade of Germany (1939–1945), also known as the Economic War, was carried out during World War II by the United Kingdom and France in order to restrict the supplies of minerals, metals, food and textiles needed by Nazi Germany - and later Fascist Italy - in order to sustain their war efforts.

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Blockade of the Gaza Strip

The blockade of the Gaza Strip is the ongoing land, air, and sea blockade of the Gaza Strip imposed by Israel and Egypt since 2007.

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Blue Division

The Blue Division (División Azul, Blaue Division), officially designated as División Española de Voluntarios by the Spanish Army and 250.

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Bohemia Interactive

Bohemia Interactive is a video game development studio and publisher, based in Prague, Czech Republic.

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Bolivian Red Cross

The Bolivian Red Cross was officially founded in Bolivia on May 15, 1917.

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Bombing of Lübeck in World War II

During World War II, the city of Lübeck was the first German city to be attacked in substantial numbers by the Royal Air Force.

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Boriša Falatar

Boriša Falatar is a Bosnian-Herzegovinian economist and a former United Nations official.

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Bosnian genocide

The term Bosnian genocide refers to either genocide at Srebrenica and ŽepaIWPR, Genocide Conviction for Serb General Tolimir, 13 December 2012.

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Bosnian War

The Bosnian War was an international armed conflict that took place in Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1992 and 1995.

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Bouza Department

Bouza is a department of the Tahoua Region in Niger.

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Brazier

A brazier is a container for hot coals, generally taking the form of an upright standing or hanging metal bowl or box.

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Brian Whelan

Brian Whelan (born 3 May 1957) is an Irish painter, author and playwright.

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British Red Cross Badge of Honour

The British Red Cross Badge of Honour, instituted in 1958, is an award badge given to people who show exceptional service to the British Red Cross.

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Broadrick Secondary School

Broadrick Secondary School is a government secondary school located in Old Airport, Singapore.

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Bruno Giussani

Bruno Giussani (born in Switzerland in 1964) is the Global curator of TED.

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Budapest String Quartet

The Budapest String Quartet was a string quartet in existence from 1917 to 1967.

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Buffalo 461

Buffalo 461 was a Canadian military de Havilland Canada DHC-5 Buffalo assigned to the second United Nations Emergency Force force in Syria in support of United Nations Security Council Resolution 340.

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Bulgarian Red Cross

The Bulgarian Red Cross, or BRC, was established in 1878 after the liberation of the Principality of Bulgaria and the region of Eastern Rumelia from the Ottoman Empire.

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Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration

The Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration (PRM) is a bureau within the United States Department of State.

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Burj Qa'i

Burj Qa'i (برج قاعي, also spelled Burj al-Qa'y or simply al-Burj) is a village in central Syria, administratively part of the Homs Governorate, located northwest of Homs.

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Burners Without Borders

Burners Without Borders (BWB) is a community-led NGO which initiates civic works projects and disaster relief in local communities around the globe.

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Cadet

A cadet is a trainee.

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Cambodian Red Cross

The Cambodian Red Cross (CRC) (កាកបាទក្រហមកម្ពុជា, Kakkrobat Krahom) is the largest humanitarian organization in Cambodia.

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Camillians

The Camillians or Clerics Regular, Ministers to the Sick (Clerci Regulari Ministeri Infirmaribus) are a Roman Catholic religious order, founded in 1582 by St.

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Camp 1391

Camp 1391 or Unit 1391 or Facility 1391 was an Israel Defense Forces prison camp in northern Israel for "high-risk" prisoners.

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Camp Ashraf

Camp Ashraf or Ashraf City was a camp in Iraq's Diyala province, having the character of a small city with all basic infrastructure, and headquarters of the exiled People's Mujahedin of Iran (PMOI/MEK).

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Camp Atterbury

Camp Atterbury, located in south-central Indiana, about west of Edinburgh, Indiana, serves as a military and civilian training base under the auspices of the Indiana National Guard.

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Camp Bucca

Camp Bucca (سجن بوكا) was a detention facility maintained by the United States military in the vicinity of Umm Qasr, Iraq.

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Camp Cropper

Camp Cropper was a holding facility for security detainees operated by the United States Army near Baghdad International Airport in Iraq.

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Camp Delta Standard Operating Procedures

The Camp Delta Standard Operating Procedures is a document that was written under the authority of Geoffrey D. Miller when he was the officer in charge of Joint Task Force Guantanamo.

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Camp Iguana

Camp Iguana is a small compound in the detention camp complex on the US Naval base at Guantánamo Bay, Cuba.

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Campaign Against Arms Trade

Campaign Against Arms Trade (CAAT) is a UK-based NGO and campaigning organisation working towards the abolition of the international arms trade.

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Camps for Russian prisoners and internees in Poland (1919–24)

Camps for Russian prisoners and internees in Poland that existed during 1919–1924 housed two main categories of detainees: the personnel of the Imperial Russian Army and civilians, captured by Germany during World War I and left on Polish territory after the end of the war; and the Soviet military personnel captured during the Polish–Soviet War, the vast majority of them captured as a result of the battles of 1920.

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Candide ou l'optimisme au XXe siècle

Candide ou l'Optimisme du XXe siècle (Candide, or the Optimist of the Twentieth Century) is a 1960 French comedy drama film directed by Norbert Carbonnaux and written by Carbonnaux and Albert Simonin.

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Cape Verde

Cape Verde or Cabo Verde (Cabo Verde), officially the Republic of Cabo Verde, is an island country spanning an archipelago of 10 volcanic islands in the central Atlantic Ocean.

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CARE (relief agency)

CARE (Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere, formerly Cooperative for American Remittances to Europe) is a major international humanitarian agency delivering emergency relief and long-term international development projects.

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Carl Jacob Burckhardt

Carl Jacob Burckhardt (September 10, 1891 – March 3, 1974) was a Swiss diplomat and historian.

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Carl Lutz

Carl Lutz (30 March 1895 – 12 February 1975) was a Swiss diplomat.

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Carl Petersén (born 1883)

Carl Jacob Karsten Petersén (18 April 1883 – 14 April 1963) was a Swedish Army officer.

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Caroline Moorehead

Caroline Mary Moorehead (born 28 October 1944) is a human rights journalist and biographer.

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Cartel (ship)

Cartel ships, in international law in the 18th and the 19th centuries, were ships employed on humanitarian voyages, in particular, to carry prisoners for exchange between places agreed upon in the terms of the exchange.

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Casualties of the 2010 Haiti earthquake

Casualties of the 2010 Haiti earthquake include both civilian and government officials, locals and foreigners – however the overwhelming majority of those killed and wounded in the quake were Haitian civilians.

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Casualties of the Gaza War (2008–09)

Gaza War fatalities estimates made by human rights NGOs and by the involved combatants: * B'Tselem was unable to classify 32 deaths, including four children, as combatant or non-combatant.

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Cecilia Grierson

Cecilia Grierson (22 November 1859 – 10 April 1934) was an Argentine physician, reformer, and prominent Freethinker.

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Central African Republic Civil War (2012–2014)

The Central African Republic conflict was a civil war in the Central African Republic (CAR) involving the government, rebels from the Séléka coalition and the Anti-balaka militias.

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Central African Republic conflict under the Djotodia administration

An internal conflict in the Central African Republic (CAR) started essentially on 13 April 2013, when the government of President Michel Djotodia officially took over.

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Central Philippine University

Central Philippine University (also referred to as Central or CPU) is a private research university in Iloilo City, Philippines. Established in 1905 through a grant given by the American business magnate, industrialist and philanthropist John D. Rockefeller under the auspices of the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society, it is the first Baptist founded and second American university in the Philippines and AsiaScientia et Fides: The Story of Central Philippine University by Nelson Linnea, A. and Herradura, Elma (1981) (after Silliman University (1901) in Dumaguete). It initially consisted of two separate schools: the Jaro Industrial School for boys and the Baptist Missionary Training School that trains ministers and other Christian workers.. Retrieved 4 April 2015.. Retrieved 4 April 2015.. Retrieved 4 April 2015.. Retrieved 4 April 2015.. Retrieved 4 April 2015. In 1913, women began to be admitted to the school for boys, and in 1920 the school started offering high school education. The school for boys became a junior college and started offering college degrees in 1923 and changed its name to Central Philippine College. In 1936 the junior college became a senior college and two years after it in 1938, the Baptist Missionary Training School merged with the theology department of the college.. Retrieved 7 June 2015 In 1953, the college attained university status.. Retrieved 03-18-14. Iloilo Mission Hospital, the university's hospital which was established in 1901 by the Presbyterian Americans, is the first American and Protestant founded hospital in the Philippines, predates the founding of CPU by four years.. Retrieved 4 May 2014.. Retrieved 4 May 2014 Central pioneered nursing education in the Philippines, when Presbyterian American missionaries established the Union Mission Hospital Training School for Nurses in 1906.https://www.scribd.com/doc/15885553/Pioneer-Nursing-Schools-and-Colleges-in-the-Philippines. Retrieved 12-18-13.. Retrieved 12-18-13. In the same year, the CPU Republic (Central Philippine University Republic), the university's official student governing body, was organized, making it as the first established student governing body in South East Asia.http://cpu.edu.ph/academics/studentactivities.php Central was also the first institution to pioneer the work-study program in the country that were later patterned and followed by other institutions. The university maintains to be non-sectarian and independent but affiliated with the Convention of Philippine Baptist Churches and maintains fraternal ties with the International Ministries of the American Baptist Churches, known before as the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society. CPU consists of eighteen schools and colleges that provides instruction in basic education all the way up to the post-graduate levels. In the undergraduate and graduate levels, its disciplines include accountancy, agriculture, arts and sciences, business, computer studies, education, engineering, hospitality management, law, mass communication, medical laboratory science, medicine, nursing, pharmacy, lifestyle and fitness, real estate management, rehabilitative science, tourism, and theology. The Commission on Higher Education (CHED Philippines) has granted the University a full autonomous status, the same government agency that accredited some of its programs as Centers of Excellence and Centers of Development. Retrieved January-2-2016.,Effective 22 October 2001 to 21 October 2006, Central Philippine University (CPU) was full autonomous as granted by the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) through Memorandum Order No. 32, Series of 2001.. Retrieved 05-02-12 The Department of Science and Technology (Philippines) has designated the university's College of Engineering both as (DOST) Department of Science and Technology School and Center for Civil Engineering Education for Western Visayas region. Central is a registered National Historical Landmark by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines. The annual prestigious national Bombo Music Festival is hosted by the university and is held at the university's Rose Memorial Auditorium.. Retrieved.. Retrieved.. Retrieved.. Retrieved. Also, the university has been designated as a Regional Art Center (or Kaisa sa Sining Regional Art Center) by the Cultural Center of the Philippines. It has also been certified as one of the few ISO certified educational institutions in the Philippines by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The Board of International Ministries of the American Baptist Churches likewise on the other hand, has awarded Central a School of Excellence award. International collaborations with other institutions has made CPU to offer international undergraduate, graduate and doctorate extension programs in Chinese, Korean and Vietnamese universities, especially through the overseas programs offered by the university jointly with the Thai Nguyen University (TNU) and Thai Nguyen University of Economics and Business Administration (TUEBA) both in Vietnam.. Retrieved 4 December 2014. Retrieved 08-11-13.

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Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue

The Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue, otherwise known as the Henry Dunant Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue, or HD, is a private diplomacy organisation based in Switzerland that assists in mediation between conflicting parties to prevent or end armed conflicts.

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Cham Albanian collaboration with the Axis

During the Axis occupation of Greece between 1941 and 1944, large parts of the Albanian minority in the Thesprotia prefecture in Epirus, northwestern Greece, known as Chams (Çamë, Τσάμηδες, Tsamides) collaborated with the occupation forces.

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Cham Albanians

Cham Albanians, or Chams (Çamë, Τσάμηδες Tsámidhes), are a sub-group of Albanians who originally resided in the western part of the region of Epirus in northwestern Greece, an area known among Albanians as Chameria.

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Chanan Singh Dhillon

Lieutenant-Colonel Chanan Singh Dhillon (1920–September 13, 2011) was a famous Punjabi Indian Sikh World War II hero and veteran.

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Charles Coward

Charles Joseph Coward (30 January 1905–1976), known as the "Count of Auschwitz", was a British soldier captured during the Second World War who rescued Jews from Auschwitz and claimed he had smuggled himself into the camp for one night, subsequently testifying about his experience at the IG Farben Trial at Nuremberg.

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Charles Page (photographer)

Charles Page (born 1 September 1946 in Melbourne) is a Brisbane-based documentary photographer, and lecturer at the Queensland College of Art.

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Charlotte Delbo

Charlotte Delbo, (10 August 1913 – 1 March 1985), was a French writer chiefly known for her haunting memoirs of her time as a prisoner in Auschwitz, where she was sent for her activities as a member of the French resistance.

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Charuvi Design Labs

Charuvi Design Labs (CDL) is an animation studio and design lab based in New Delhi, India.

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Chemical warfare

Chemical warfare (CW) involves using the toxic properties of chemical substances as weapons.

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Cherry Lips

"Cherry Lips", also known as "Cherry Lips (Go Baby Go!)" is a 2001 song written, recorded and produced by alternative rock group Garbage for their third studio album, Beautiful Garbage.

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Chevy Chase

Cornelius Crane "Chevy" Chase (born October 8, 1943) is an American actor, comedian and writer.

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Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping

On the night of 14–15 April 2014, 276 female students were kidnapped from the Government Secondary School in the town of Chibok in Borno State, Nigeria.

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Children in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Children in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict refers to the impact of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict on minors in Israel and the Palestinian territories.

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Children in the military

Children in the military are children (defined by the Convention on the Rights of the Child as persons under the age of 18) who are associated with military organisations, such as state armed forces and non-state armed groups.

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Chinese Red Cross

Chinese Red Cross may refer to.

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Christian terrorism

Christian terrorism comprises terrorist acts by groups or individuals who profess Christian motivations or goals.

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Christine Nyatanyi

Christine Nyatanyi (16 July 1965 – 26 September 2011) was a Rwandan economist and politician, who served as the Minister of State responsible for Social Affairs in the Ministry of Local Government, from October 2003 until her death in September 2011.

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Christopher Minko

Christopher Minko is an Australian musician and co-founder of the Phnom Penh-based Delta blues group called Krom.

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CICR

CICR may refer to.

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Civil war

A civil war, also known as an intrastate war in polemology, is a war between organized groups within the same state or country.

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Civilian

A civilian is "a person who is not a member of the military or of a police or firefighting force".

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Civilian casualty ratio

In armed conflicts, the civilian casualty ratio (also civilian death ratio, civilian-combatant ratio, etc.) is the ratio of civilian casualties to combatant casualties, or total casualties.

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Civilian life under the German occupation of the Channel Islands

Life as a civilian during the five years of occupation of the Channel Islands by the German army, which started in June 1940 was difficult and as the war progressed, became much harder.

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Claire Bertschinger

Dame Claire Bertschinger, DBE, DL, DEd, DSSc, DSc (honoris causa), MSc, RGN (born 1953) is an Anglo-Swiss nurse and advocate on behalf of suffering people in the developing world.

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Clara Barton

Clarissa "Clara" Harlowe Barton (December 25, 1821 – April 12, 1912) was a pioneering nurse who founded the American Red Cross.

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Clara Barton National Historic Site

The Clara Barton National Historic Site, which includes the Clara Barton House, was established in 1974 to interpret the life of Clara Barton (1821–1912), an American pioneer teacher, nurse, and humanitarian who was the founder of the American Red Cross.

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Clara Rojas

Clara Leticia Rojas González (born December 20, 1964) is a Colombian lawyer, university lecturer, and campaign manager for former senator and presidential candidate Ingrid Betancourt.

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Cluster munition

A cluster munition is a form of air-dropped or ground-launched explosive weapon that releases or ejects smaller submunitions.

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Co-curricular activity (Singapore)

Co-curricular activities (CCAs), previously known as Extracurricular Activities (ECA) are non-academic activities that all students, regardless of nationality, must participate in.

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Code of Conduct for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and NGOs in Disaster Relief

The Code of Conduct for International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and NGOs in Disaster Relief was drawn up in 1992 by the Steering Committee for Humanitarian Response (SCHR) to set ethical standards for organizations involved in humanitarian work.

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Collective punishment

Collective punishment is a form of retaliation whereby a suspected perpetrator's family members, friends, acquaintances, sect, neighbors or entire ethnic group is targeted.

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College of Europe

The College of Europe (Collège d'Europe) is an elite, independent university institute of postgraduate European studies with the main campus in Bruges, Belgium and a smaller campus in Warsaw, Poland.

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Colombian conflict

The Colombian conflict began in the mid-1960s and is a low-intensity asymmetric war between Colombian governments, paramilitary groups, crime syndicates, and far-left guerrillas such as the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), and the National Liberation Army (ELN), fighting each other to increase their influence in Colombian territory.

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Colombian Red Cross

The Colombian Red Cross is a Colombian-based nonprofit private entity member of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Society.

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Combat medic

Combat medics or field medics (or medics) are military personnel who have been trained to at least an EMT-B level (16-week course in the U.S. Army), and are responsible for providing first aid and frontline trauma care on the battlefield.

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Command responsibility

Command responsibility, sometimes referred to as the Yamashita standard or the Medina standard, and also known as superior responsibility, is the legal doctrine of hierarchical accountability for war crimes.

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Commando Order

The Commando Order was issued by the OKW, the High Command of the German armed forces, on 18 October 1942 stating that all Allied commandos encountered in Europe and Africa should be killed immediately without trial, even if in proper uniforms or if they attempted to surrender.

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Competent tribunal

Competent Tribunal is a term used in Article 5 paragraph 2 of the Third Geneva Convention, which states.

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Condor Films

Condor Films is a film and TV production company based in Zurich, Switzerland.

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Conrad Hoffmann Jr.

Conrad Hoffmann Jr. (September 16, 1884 – August 12, 1958) was an American Christian missionary who aided war prisoners, European university students, and war refugees during both World Wars.

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Constitution of Sudan

The current Constitution of Sudan is the Interim National Constitution of the Republic of Sudan, 2005 (INC), adopted on 6 July 2005.

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Continuation War

The Continuation War was a conflict fought by Finland and Nazi Germany, as co-belligerents, against the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1941 to 1944, during World War II.

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Convention on Cluster Munitions

The Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM) is an international treaty that prohibits the use, transfer, and stockpiling of cluster bombs, a type of explosive weapon which scatters submunitions ("bomblets") over an area.

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Cordell Hull

Cordell Hull (October 2, 1871July 23, 1955) was an American politician from the U.S. state of Tennessee.

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Core Humanitarian Standard on Quality and Accountability

The Core Humanitarian Standard on Quality and Accountability (CHS) sets out nine commitments for humanitarian and development actors to measure and improve the quality and effectiveness of their assistance.

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Cornelio Sommaruga

Cornelio Sommaruga (born December 29, 1932 in Rome) is a prominent Swiss humanitarian, lawyer and diplomat who is best known for being President of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) from 1987 to 1999.

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Correction centers in Jordan

There are 18 correction and rehabilitation centers / CRCs (ar. مركز اصلاح وتاهيل) in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan which are operated by the Public Security Departments prison service which answers to the Ministry of Interior.

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Council for European Palestinian Relations

The Council for European Palestinian Relations (CEPR) is a not-for-profit organisation which serves as Hamas’ representative in Europe, and as such, was banned from Israel by Defense Minister Moshe Ya’alon in December 2013.

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Council of Relief Agencies Licensed to Operate in Germany

The Council of Relief Agencies Licensed to Operate in Germany (CRALOG) was a non governmental organization created in 1946 by the American Council of Voluntary Agencies for Foreign Service and included 11 major relief agencies such as the International Red Cross.

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Count de Salis-Seewis

Count de Salis-Seewis (also written Comte or Graf v. Salis-Seewis / Graf Salis-Seewis / Graf Salis / Gräfin von Salis / Graf von Salis) is a primogenitive title created in Versailles, France on 1 February 1777, while the title Graf (to follow the Count) was created in Vienna, Austria, 16 March 1915.

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Course of events of the Syrian Civil War

This is the course of major events of the Syrian Civil War.

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Criticism of Amnesty International

Criticism of Amnesty International (AI) includes claims of selection bias, as well as ideology/foreign policy bias against either non-Western countries or Western-supported countries.

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Criticism of Holocaust denial

Criticism of Holocaust denial is directed against people who claim that the genocide of Jews during World War II in the HolocaustDonald L Niewyk, The Columbia Guide to the Holocaust, Columbia University Press, 2000, p.45: "The Holocaust is commonly defined as the murder of more than 5,000,000 Jews by the Germans in World War II." Estimates by scholars range from 5.1 million to 7.8 million.

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Croatian War of Independence

The Croatian War of Independence was fought from 1991 to 1995 between Croat forces loyal to the government of Croatia—which had declared independence from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY)—and the Serb-controlled Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) and local Serb forces, with the JNA ending its combat operations in Croatia by 1992.

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Cultural heritage protection in Switzerland

The Swiss Agency for the Protection of Cultural Property defines measures to protect cultural property against damage, destruction, theft and loss.

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Customary international humanitarian law

Customary international humanitarian law is a body of unwritten rules of public international law, which govern conduct during armed conflict.

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Cyclone Bondo

Intense Tropical Cyclone Bondo was a very strong tropical cyclone that was the first of a series of five cyclones to impact Madagascar during the 2006–07 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season.

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Cyclone Enawo

Intense Tropical Cyclone Enawo was the strongest tropical cyclone to strike Madagascar since Gafilo in 2004, which killed at least 81 people of the country in March 2017.

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Cyprus Red Cross

The Cyprus Red Cross Society (CRCS) is the only Red Cross society in Cyprus recognised by the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.

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Cyrus Kar

Cyrus Kar (b. March 18, 1961 in Tehran, Iran) is an Iranian-born American film director, part-time professor at the University of Phoenix, and now-vindicated alleged terrorist who was captured by United States forces in Iraq on May 17, 2005, while filming a documentary on the life of Cyrus The Great.

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Dachau liberation reprisals

The Dachau liberation reprisals were a series of incidents in which German prisoners of war were killed by American soldiers and concentration camp internees at the Dachau concentration camp on April 29, 1945, during World War II.

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Dame Mary Cook

Dame Mary Cook, Lady Cook DBE (née Turner; — 24 September 1950) was the wife of Australian Prime Minister, Sir Joseph Cook.

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Damien Lewis

Damien Lewis is a British author and filmmaker who has spent over twenty years reporting from and writing about conflict zones in many countries.

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Daniel Thürer

Daniel Thürer (born 6 June 1945 in St. Gallen) is a Swiss jurist and professor emeritus of international, comparative constitutional and European law at the University of Zurich.

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Dansville, Livingston County, New York

Dansville is a village in the town of North Dansville, with a small northern part in the town of Sparta in the eastern part of Livingston County, New York, United States.

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David Hicks

David Matthew Hicks (born 7 August 1975) is an Australian who was detained by the United States in Guantanamo Bay detention camp from 2001 until 2007.

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Debate over the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

The debate over the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki concerns the ethical, legal, and military controversies surrounding the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on 6 August and 9 August 1945 at the close of World War II (1939–45).

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Debellatio

The term "debellatio" or "debellation" (Latin "defeating, or the act of conquering or subduing", literally, "warring (the enemy) down", from Latin bellum "war") designates the end of war caused by complete destruction of a hostile state.

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Deborah Lipstadt

Deborah Esther Lipstadt (born March 18, 1947) is an American historian, best known as author of the books Denying the Holocaust (1993), History on Trial: My Day in Court with a Holocaust Denier (2005) and The Eichmann Trial (2011).

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December 14, 1998 Albanian–Yugoslav border ambush

On December 14, 1998, the Yugoslav Army (VJ) ambushed a group of 140 Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) militants attempting to smuggle weapons and supplies from their base in Albania into the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

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December 1917

The following events occurred in December 1917.

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December 1944

The following events occurred in December 1944.

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December 1967

The following events occurred in December 1967.

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Definitions of Japanese war crimes

There are differences from one country to another regarding the definition of Japanese war crimes.

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Deim Zubeir

Deim Zubeir, from the Arabic ديم الزبير, commonly translated as the “Camp of Zubeir”, is the historically established but highly controversial name of Uyujuku town in the Lol State of the Republic of South Sudan, located in the Western Bahr El Ghazal part of the country, some 70 km from the border with the Central African Republic (CAR), near the Biri tributary of the River Chel.

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Deir Yassin massacre

The Deir Yassin massacre took place on April 9, 1948, when around 120 fighters from the Zionist paramilitary groups Irgun and Lehi attacked Deir Yassin, a Palestinian Arab village of roughly 600 people near Jerusalem.

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Demographics of the Palestinian territories

This article is about the demographic features of the population of the area which is commonly described as Palestinian territories and includes information on ethnicity, education level, health of the populous, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of that population.

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Demography of Japan

The demographic features of the population of Japan include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects regarding the population.

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Denise Vernay

Denise Vernay-Jacob (June 21, 1924March 4, 2013) was a member of the French Resistance during World War II, who operated under the aliases of "Miarka" and "Annie." Arrested for clandestine activities, she survived torture by the Gestapo and imprisonment at two Nazi concentration camps – Ravensbrück in Germany in 1944 and Mauthausen in Upper Austria in 1945.

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Dent McSkimming

Florence Dent Archibald McSkimming (October 17, 1896 – July 13, 1976) was an American sportswriter for several St. Louis newspapers.

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Deportation

Deportation is the expulsion of a person or group of people from a place or country.

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Deportations from East Prussia during World War I

Deportations from East Prussia during World War I was a forced deportation of local inhabitants from Russian-occupied areas of East Prussia to remote areas of the Russian Empire in 1914–1915.

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Designated Civilian Official

The Designated Civilian Official (DCO) was the title of the civilian appointed to head the Office for the Administrative Review of Detained Enemy Combatants (OARDEC).

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Dezső Kanizsai

Dezső Kanizsai (27 January 1886 in Cífer – 27 November 1981 in BudapestDates and places: (in Hungarian) sourced to the Hungarian Biographical Encyclopedia, 2004.) was a Hungarian audiologist and educator of the deaf children.

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Diane E. Beaver

Diane E. Beaver is an American lawyer and former officer in the United States Army.

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Dieppe Raid

The Dieppe Raid was an Allied assault on the German-occupied port of Dieppe, France on 19 August 1942, during the Second World War.

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Dipankar Banerjee (general)

Dipankar Banerjee is a retired Major General of the Indian Army based in India.

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Diplomatic and humanitarian efforts in the Somali Civil War

Various international and local diplomatic and humanitarian efforts in the Somali Civil War have been in effect since the conflict first began in the early 1990s.

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Diplomatic corps

The diplomatic corps or corps diplomatique is the collective body of foreign diplomats accredited to a particular country or body.

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Diplomatic service

Diplomatic service is the body of diplomats and foreign policy officers maintained by the government of a country to communicate with the governments of other countries.

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Directorate-General for European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations

The Directorate-General for European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations (ECHO), formerly known as the European Community Humanitarian Aid Office, is the European Commission's department for overseas humanitarian aid and for civil protection.

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Disability in North Korea

Reliable information about disability in North Korea, like other information about social conditions in the country, is difficult to find.

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Disarmed Enemy Forces

Disarmed Enemy Forces (DEF), less commonly, Surrendered Enemy Forces, was a US designation for soldiers who surrendered to an adversary after hostilities ended and for those who had already surrendered POWs and held in camps in occupied German territory at that time.

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Disaster medicine

Disaster medicine is the area of medical specialization serving the dual areas of providing health care to disaster survivors and providing medically related disaster preparation, disaster planning, disaster response and disaster recovery leadership throughout the disaster life cycle.

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Displaced persons camps in post-World War II Europe

Displaced persons camps in post-World War II Europe were camps established after World War II in Germany, Austria, and Italy, primarily for refugees from Eastern Europe and for the former inmates of the Nazi German concentration camps.

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Do Ab prison

The Do Ab prison is a prison in Panjshir, Afghanistan.

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Dog tag

"Dog tag" is an informal but common term for the type of identification tag worn by military personnel.

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Domenikon massacre

The Domenikon Massacre (Σφαγή του Δομένικου., La strage di Domenikon.) was a violent reprisal by the Italian Royal Army's 24th Infantry Division Pinerolo during the Axis Occupation of Greece.

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Donets Governorate

Donets Governorate (Донецька губернія) was a governorate of the Ukrainian SSR (Ukraine) that existed between 1919 and 1925.

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Donka Hospital

The Donka Hospital is a publicly owned hospital in Conakry, Guinea.

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Droughts and famines in Russia and the Soviet Union

Throughout Russian history famines and droughts have been a common feature, often resulting in humanitarian crises traceable to political or economic instability, poor policy, environmental issues and war.

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Dunantist

Dunantist is named after Henry Dunant (1828–1910), who inspired the creation of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.

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Dunantspitze

The Dunantspitze (German for "Peak Dunant", 4,632 m), formerly called Ostspitze ("Eastern Peak"), is a peak of the Monte Rosa Massif in the Pennine Alps in Switzerland.

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Dungu, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Dungu is a town in Haut-Uele Province located at the confluence of the Dungu and Kibali Rivers where they join to form the Uele River, south of the Garamba National Park.

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E. M. Forster

Edward Morgan Forster (1 January 18797 June 1970) was an English novelist, short story writer, essayist and librettist.

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East Timor genocide

The East Timor genocide refers to the "pacification campaigns" of state sponsored terror by the Indonesian government during its occupation of East Timor.

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Eduard Benedek Brunschweiler

Eduard Benedek Brunschweiler (1910–1987) was a Swiss national who was appointed by the International Committee of the Red Cross to manage the Benedictine Archabbey of Pannonhalma on their behalf, during the final months of the German occupation, towards the end of the Second World War.

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Eduard Roschmann

Eduard Roschmann (25 November 1908 – 8 August 1977) was an Austrian Nazi SS-Obersturmführer and commandant of the Riga ghetto during 1943.

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Education in the State of Palestine

Education in the Palestinian territories refers to the educational system in Gaza and the West Bank administered by the Palestinian Ministry of Education and Higher Education.

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Effects of the Gaza War (2008–09)

There are multiple humanitarian, medical, economic, and industrial effects of the 2008–2009 Gaza War which started with the Israeli air strikes on 27 December 2008 and ended on 18 January with a cease-fire implemented unilaterally by Israel, and later the same day by Hamas and other Palestinian factions.

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Efrat

Efrat (אֶפְרָת), or previously officially Efrata (אֶפְרָתָה), is an Israeli settlement established in 1983 and a local council in the Judean Mountains of the West Bank.

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Egoz (ship)

Egoz (hazelnut; originally named Pisces) was a ship that carried Jewish emigrants from Morocco to Israel, at a time when the immigration of Moroccan Jews to Israel was illegal under Moroccan law.

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Eka Tkeshelashvili

Ekaterine "Eka" Tkeshelashvili (ეკატერინე "ეკა" ტყეშელაშვილი; born May 23, 1977) is a Georgian jurist and politician, formerly serving as Minister of Justice, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Secretary of the National Security Council, and Deputy Prime Minister and State Minister for Reintegration of Georgia under President Mikheil Saakashvili.

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El Mashad v. Bush

El Mashad v. Bush (Civil Action No. 2005-0270) is a writ of habeas corpus filed on behalf of several Guantanamo detainees, including Sherif el-Mashad, Adel Fattouh Aly Ahmed Algazzar and Alladeen.

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Eleonora Brown

Eleonora Brown (born August 22, 1948 in Naples) is an Italian–American film actress.

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Elvetham air crash

The Elvetham air crash occurred on 5 October 1945 when a Consolidated Liberator GR.VI aircraft, serial number KG867, of 311 Squadron Royal Air Force crashed at Elvetham, east of Hartley Wintney, Hampshire, following a fire in one of its engines and fuel starvation to another.

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Emad al-Janabi

Emad Khudhayir Shahuth al-Janabi (عماد خضير شهوته الجنابي) (born c. 1965) was an Iraqi blacksmith detained in Abu Ghraib prison where he alleges he was abused by American military personnel and defense contractors.

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Emblems of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement

The emblems of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, under the Geneva Conventions, are to be placed on humanitarian and medical vehicles and buildings, and to be worn by medical personnel and others carrying out humanitarian work, to protect them from military attack on the battlefield.

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Emily Blair

Dame Emily Mathieson Blair DBE RRC FNM (12 January c. 1890 – 25 December 1963) was a Scottish nurse and Matron-in-Chief, serving in both Princess Mary's Royal Air Force Nursing Service and the British Red Cross Society.

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Empress Shōken

, also known as, was the wife of Emperor Meiji of Japan.

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Enemy combatant

An enemy combatant is a person who, either lawfully or unlawfully, directly engages in hostilities for an enemy state or non-state actor in an armed conflict.

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Enhanced interrogation techniques

"Enhanced interrogation techniques" or "enhanced interrogation" is a euphemism for the U.S. government's program of systematic torture of detainees by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), and various components of the U.S. Armed Forces at black sites around the world, including Bagram, Guantanamo Bay, and Abu Ghraib, authorized by officials of the George W. Bush administration.

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Ernest Russell Lyon

Ernest Russell Lyon (19 December 1922 – 27 July 1944) was a flying officer in 234 Squadron of the Royal Air Force during the Second World War.

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Ernst Kaltenbrunner

Ernst Kaltenbrunner (4 October 190316 October 1946) was an Austrian-born senior official of Nazi Germany during World War II.

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Espionage

Espionage or spying, is the act of obtaining secret or confidential information without the permission of the holder of the information.

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Estelle Bernadotte

Estelle Bernadotte (born Estelle Romaine Manville; September 26, 1904 – May 28, 1984), Countess of Wisborg (1928–1973), also known as Estelle Ekstrand (from 1973), was an American-Swedish countess who was a leading figure in the International Red Cross and Girl Scout movement.

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Ethiopian Red Cross Society

The Ethiopian Red Cross Society (ERCS) was founded and recognized by the ICRC in 1935 GC.

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Ethnic bioweapon

An ethnic bioweapon (biogenetic weapon) is a type of theoretical bioweapon that aims to harm only or primarily people of specific ethnicities or genotypes.

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Eugen Filotti

Eugen Filotti (July 28 (July 17 O.S.) 1896 – June 1, 1975) was a Romanian diplomat, journalist and writer.

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European reactions to the 2006 Lebanon War

Reactions to the 2006 Lebanon War coming from the European countries.

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European Youth Forum

The European Youth Forum (from Youth Forum Jeunesse, YFJ) is the platform of the national youth councils and international non-governmental youth organisations in Europe.

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Evelyn Bark

Evelyn Elizabeth Patricia Bark, (1900 - 1993) was a leading member of the British Red Cross.

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Evhen Tsybulenko

Evhen Tsybulenko (Євген Цибуленко) (born 21 October 1972 in Simferopol, Ukraine) is an Estonian legal scholar of Ukrainian descent.

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Ewha Girls' High School

Ewha Girls' High School (이화여자고등학교) is a private girls high school located in Jeong-dong, Jung-gu, Seoul, South Korea.

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Expanding bullet

Expanding bullets, also known as dumdum bullets, are projectiles designed to expand on impact, increasing in diameter to limit penetration and/or produce a larger diameter wound for faster incapacitation.

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Explosive weapon

An explosive weapon generally uses high explosive to project blast and/or fragmentation from a point of detonation.

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Expulsions and exoduses of Jews

In Jewish history, Jews have experienced numerous mass expulsions or ostracism by various local authorities and have sought refuge in other countries.

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Extrajudicial punishment

Extrajudicial punishment is punishment for an alleged crime or offense carried out without legal process or supervision from a court or tribunal through a legal proceeding.

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Eyal Weizman

Eyal Weizman (born 1970 in Haifa) is a British Israeli intellectual and architect.

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Faith-based organization

A Faith-based organization is an organization whose values are based on faith and/or beliefs, which has a mission based on social values of the particular faith, and which most often draws its activists (leaders, staff, volunteers) from a particular faith group.

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Fake passport

A fake passport is a counterfeit of a passport (or other travel document) issued by a nation or authorised agency.

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Falklands War

The Falklands War (Guerra de las Malvinas), also known as the Falklands Conflict, Falklands Crisis, Malvinas War, South Atlantic Conflict, and the Guerra del Atlántico Sur (Spanish for "South Atlantic War"), was a ten-week war between Argentina and the United Kingdom over two British dependent territories in the South Atlantic: the Falkland Islands, and its territorial dependency, the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.

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False flag

A false flag is a covert operation designed to deceive; the deception creates the appearance of a particular party, group, or nation being responsible for some activity, disguising the actual source of responsibility.

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Fang Chih

Fang Chih, also known as Fang Chi and Fang Zhi,, courtesy name: Xi Kong (希孔), (23 November 1895 – 28 March 1989) was a Chinese party boss, provincial governor, diplomat, scholar, author and a high-ranking official of the KMT in the service of the Republic of China.

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Fatah–Hamas conflict

The Fatah–Hamas conflict (النزاع بين فتح وحماس an-Nizāʿ bayna Fataḥ wa-Ḥamās), also referred to as the Palestinian Civil War ('''الحرب الأهلية الفلسطينية'''. al-Ḥarb al-ʾAhliyyah al-Filisṭīnīyyah), was a conflict between the two main Palestinian political parties, Fatah and Hamas, resulting in the split of the Palestinian Authority in 2007.

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Fatherland (novel)

Fatherland is a 1992 alternate history detective novel by English writer and journalist Robert Harris.

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Fay Report

The Fay Report was a military investigation into the torture and abuse of prisoners at the Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq.

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Fédération nationale des déportés et internés résistants et patriotes

The Fédération nationale des déportés et internés résistants et patriotes (National Federation of Deported and Imprisoned Resistance Fighters and Patriots) is an organization founded by Marcel Paul and Henri Manhès in October 1945, five months after the defeat of Nazi Germany at the end of World War II.

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Fe del Mundo

Fe Villanueva del Mundo, OLD ONS OGH, (born Fé Primitiva del Mundo y Villanueva; November 27, 1911 – August 6, 2011) was a Filipino pediatrician.

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February 17

No description.

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February 1998 Afghanistan earthquake

The February 1998 Afghanistan earthquake occurred at near the Afghanistan-Tajikistan border.

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Feliks Sobański

Feliks Hilary Ludwik Michał Sobański (born 11 January 1833 nr. Hajsyn Podolia - died 29 November 1913 Paris) was a Polish landowner, social activist, supporter of the arts and philanthropist.

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Felipe Agoncillo

Felipe Agoncillo (May 26, 1859 – September 29, 1941) was the Filipino lawyer representative to the negotiations in Paris that led to the Treaty of Paris (1898), ending the Spanish–American War and achieving him the title of "outstanding first Filipino diplomat." As a family friend and adviser of General Emilio Aguinaldo and General Antonio Luna during the critical times of the revolution, Agoncillo has been active in participating during that era especially when he presided over the Hong Kong Junta—a group of Filipino exiles who met to plan for future steps in achieving independence.

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Finnish Red Cross

The Finnish Red Cross (FRC, Suomen Punainen Risti, Finlands Röda Kors) is an independent member of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, which is one of the biggest and best-known international organisations in the world and in the field of humanitarian aid.

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First aid kit

A first aid kit is a collection of supplies and equipment that is used to give medical treatment.

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First Geneva Convention

The First Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded in Armies in the Field, held on 22 August 1864, is the first of four treaties of the Geneva Conventions.

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Flag

A flag is a piece of fabric (most often rectangular or quadrilateral) with a distinctive design and colors.

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Flag of Switzerland

The flag of Switzerland consists of a red flag with a white cross (a bold, equilateral cross) in the centre.

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Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–50)

During the later stages of World War II and the post-war period, German citizens and people of German ancestry fled or were expelled from various Eastern and Central European countries and sent to the remaining territory of Germany and Austria.

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Floor Jansen

Floor Jansen (born 21 February 1981) is a Dutch singer, songwriter, and vocal coach.

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Florence A. Blanchfield

Florence Aby Blanchfield (April 1, 1884 in Shepherdstown, West Virginia – May 12, 1971 in Washington, D.C.) was United States Army Colonel and superintendent of the Army Nursing Corps, from 1943 to 1947.

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Florence Nightingale

Florence Nightingale, (12 May 1820 – 13 August 1910) was an English social reformer and statistician, and the founder of modern nursing.

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Florence Nightingale Medal

At the Eighth International Conference of Red Cross Societies in London in 1907, the assembled delegates decided to create a commemorative International Nightingale Medal to be awarded to those distinguished in the nursing field.

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Food distribution

Food distribution is a process in which a general population is supplied with food.

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Forced disappearance

In international human rights law, a forced disappearance (or enforced disappearance) occurs when a person is secretly abducted or imprisoned by a state or political organization or by a third party with the authorization, support, or acquiescence of a state or political organization, followed by a refusal to acknowledge the person's fate and whereabouts, with the intent of placing the victim outside the protection of the law.

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Forced displacement

Forced displacement or forced immigration is the coerced movement of a person or people away from their home or home region and it often connotes violent coercion.

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Foreign relations of Andorra

Since the establishment of sovereignty with the ratification of the constitution in 1993, Andorra has moved to become an active member of the international community.

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Foreign relations of Armenia

Armenia has maintained a policy of complementarism by trying to have positive and friendly relations with Iran, Russia, and the West, including the United States and the European Union since its independence.

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Foreign relations of Iraqi Kurdistan

Relations of Kurdistan Region of Iraq with foreign states and organizations are conducted by the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG).

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Foreign relations of Mexico

The foreign relations of Mexico are directed by the President of the United Mexican States and managed through the Secretariat of Foreign Affairs.

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Foreign relations of North Korea

The foreign relations of North Korea – officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) – have been shaped by its conflict with capitalist countries like South Korea and its historical ties with world communism.

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Foreign relations of San Marino

San Marino is an independent and sovereign member of the international community.

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Foreign relations of Switzerland

The foreign relations of Switzerland are the primary responsibility of the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs (FDFA).

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Foreign relations of Taiwan

The foreign relations of the Republic of China (ROC), referred to by many states as Taiwan, are the relations between the Republic of China and other countries.

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Foreign relations of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta

The Sovereign Military Order of Malta is a sovereign entity maintaining diplomatic relations with 107 states and has observer status or representation at multiple intergovernmental organisations.

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Forensic science

Forensic science is the application of science to criminal and civil laws, mainly—on the criminal side—during criminal investigation, as governed by the legal standards of admissible evidence and criminal procedure.

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Fort Suse

Fort Suse is the name of an Iraqi military barracks and training facility built in 1977 by Russian engineers.

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Fourth Geneva Convention

The Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, commonly referred to as the Fourth Geneva Convention and abbreviated as GCIV, is one of the four treaties of the Geneva Conventions.

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François Naville

François Naville (14 June 1883 – 3 April 1968) was a Swiss physician, director of the medico-legal Institute of the University of Geneva, the only truly neutral expert in the international Katyn Commission investigating the Soviet Katyn massacre of some 22,000 Polish prisoners of war, mostly Polish Army officers, arrested and imprisoned in the course of the Soviet and German invasion of Poland.

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Frank Worsley

Frank Arthur Worsley (22 February 1872 – 1 February 1943) was a New Zealand sailor and explorer who served on Ernest Shackleton's Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition of 1914–1916, as captain of the Endurance.

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Frederick M. "Skip" Burkle Jr.

Frederick M. "Skip" Burkle, Jr. (born April 29, 1940) is an American physician known for his work in human rights, international diplomacy and peacemaking, humanitarian assistance, and disaster response.

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Free France

Free France and its Free French Forces (French: France Libre and Forces françaises libres) were the government-in-exile led by Charles de Gaulle during the Second World War and its military forces, that continued to fight against the Axis powers as one of the Allies after the fall of France.

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Free Hugs Campaign

The Free Hugs Campaign is a social movement involving individuals who offer hugs to strangers in public places.

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French language

French (le français or la langue française) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family.

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French Left

The Left in France (gauche française) was represented at the beginning of the 20th century by two main political parties: the Republican, Radical and Radical-Socialist Party and the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO), created in 1905 as a merger of various Marxist parties.

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French prisoners of war in World War II

During World War II, the French prisoners of war were primarily soldiers from France and its colonial empire captured by Nazi Germany.

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Friedrich Born

Friedrich Born (June 10, 1903, Langenthal, Canton of Bern, Switzerland – January 14, 1963) was a Swiss delegate of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in Budapest between May 1944 and January 1945, when he had to leave Hungary following orders of the occupying Red Army.

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Fritz Berber

Friedrich "Fritz" Berber (born 27 November 1898 in Marburg, Germany; died 23 October 1984 in Kreuth, Germany) was a member of the Nazi administration on Germany up until 1943, after which he worked, on secondment, for International Red Cross in Geneva.

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Fritz Stackelberg

Count Fritz Carl Louis Stackelberg (31 May 1899 – 18 November 1988) was a Swedish diplomat.

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Frontiers and Ghettos

Frontiers and Ghettos: State Violence in Serbia and Israel is a sociological book written by James Ron, Harold E. Stassen Chair in International Affairs at the University of Minnesota.

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GARIOA

Government Aid and Relief in Occupied Areas (GARIOA) was a program under which the US after the 1945 end of World War II from 1946 onwards provided emergency aid to the occupied nations, Japan, Germany, Austria.

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Gaza Strip

The Gaza Strip (The New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998) – p.761 "Gaza Strip /'gɑːzə/ a strip of territory under the control of the Palestinian National Authority and Hamas, on the SE Mediterranean coast including the town of Gaza...". قطاع غزة), or simply Gaza, is a self-governing Palestinian territory on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea, that borders Egypt on the southwest for and Israel on the east and north along a border.

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Gaza War (2008–09)

The Gaza War, also known as Operation Cast Lead, also known as the Gaza Massacre and the Battle of al-Furqan by Hamas, Secondary source, Abdul-Hameed al-Kayyali, Studies on the Israeli Aggression on Gaza Strip: Cast Lead Operation / Al-Furqan Battle, 2009 was a three-week armed conflict between Palestinians in the Gaza Strip and Israel that began on 27 December 2008 and ended on 18 January 2009 in a unilateral ceasefire.

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Gaza's Ark

Gaza's Ark is an international grassroots civil society campaign challenging the Israeli naval blockade of the Gaza Strip (which was found to be legal by the UN's Palmer report, but which has been declared illegal by the International Committee of the Red Cross and by a number of other international bodies) through nonviolent direct action, by sailing from Palestine with export products.

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Gōtarō Mikami

was a Japanese doctor during the Russo-Japanese War noted for his work with the Red Cross.

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General debate of the seventieth session of the United Nations General Assembly

The General Debate of the seventieth session of the United Nations General Assembly commenced on 28 September and ended on 3 October 2015.

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Geneva

Geneva (Genève, Genèva, Genf, Ginevra, Genevra) is the second-most populous city in Switzerland (after Zürich) and the most populous city of the Romandy, the French-speaking part of Switzerland.

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Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights

The Geneva Academy of international Humanitarian Law and Human Rights provides post-graduate education, conducts academic legal research and policy studies, and organizes training courses and expert meetings.

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Geneva Convention (1929)

The Geneva Convention (1929) was signed at Geneva, July 27, 1929.

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Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armies in the Field (1929)

The Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armies in the Field, consisting of 39 articles in French, was adopted on 27 July 1929, at the end of the Diplomatic Conference of Geneva of 1929, which met from the 27 July until the 1 August of that year.

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Geneva Conventions

Original document as PDF in single pages, 1864 The Geneva Conventions comprise four treaties, and three additional protocols, that establish the standards of international law for humanitarian treatment in war.

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Geneva International Academic Network

The Geneva International Academic Network (GIAN) was subsumed by the (SNIS) in late 2007 which assumes the mission, the rights and the responsibilities of the GIAN.

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Geneva Protocol

The Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare, usually called the Geneva Protocol, is a treaty prohibiting the use of chemical and biological weapons in international armed conflicts.

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George Ignatieff

George Pavlovich Ignatieff, (Георгий Па́влович Игнатьев; December 16, 1913 – August 10, 1989) was a noted Russian-Canadian diplomat.

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Gerald Posner

Gerald Leo Posner (born May 20, 1954) is an American investigative journalist and author of twelve books, including Case Closed: Lee Harvey Oswald and the Assassination of JFK (1993), which explores the John F. Kennedy assassination, and Killing the Dream: James Earl Ray and the Assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. (1998), about the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. A plagiarism scandal involving his articles and books arose in 2010.

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Gerard Way

Gerard Arthur Way (born April 9, 1977) is an American singer, songwriter, musician, and comic book writer who was the lead vocalist and co-founder of the rock band My Chemical Romance from its formation in September 2001 until its split in March 2013.

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Gerda Höjer

Gerda Höjer (23 July 1893 - 20 June 1974), was a Swedish nurse and politician for the Liberal People's Party.

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German hospital ship Ophelia

The Ophelia was a steamship originally built by a German shipping company, but requisitioned for use as a hospital ship by the Imperial German Navy during the First World War.

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German mistreatment of Soviet prisoners of war

During World War II, Nazi Germany engaged in a policy of deliberate maltreatment of Soviet prisoners of war (POWs), in contrast to their treatment of British and American POWs.

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German occupation of the Channel Islands

The German occupation of the Channel Islands lasted for most of the Second World War, from 30 June 1940 until their liberation on 9 May 1945.

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German prisoners of war in the United States

Members of the German military were interned as prisoners of war in the United States during World War I and World War II.

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German Red Cross

The German Red Cross (Deutsches Rotes Kreuz), or the DRK, is the national Red Cross Society in Germany.

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German submarine U-505

U-505 is a German Type IXC U-boat built for Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

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Gheorghe Pohrib

Gheorghe Pohrib was a colonel of the Romanian firefighters.

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Giannitsa

Giannitsa (Γιαννιτσά, in English also Yannitsa, Yenitsa) is the largest city in the regional unit of Pella and the capital of the Pella municipality, in the region of Central Macedonia in northern Greece.

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Gikondo massacre

The Gikondo massacre was the mass murder of about 110 people of Tutsi identity, including children, who sheltered in a Polish Pallottine mission church in, Kigali.

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Gikondo Prison

Gikondo Prison or Kigali City Prison is a prison in Kigali, Rwanda.

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Gilad Shalit

Gilad Shalit (Shalit.ogg, Gilˁad Šaliṭ, born 28 August 1986) is a former MIA soldier of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) who on 25 June 2006, was captured by Hamas militants in a cross-border raid via underground tunnels near the Israeli border.

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Gilad Shalit prisoner exchange

The Gilad Shalit prisoner exchange followed a 2011 agreement between Israel and Hamas to release Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit in exchange for 1,027 prisoners – mainly Palestinians and Arab-Israelis, although there was also a Ukrainian, a Jordanian and a Syrian.

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Gino Strada

Gino Strada (b. Luigi Strada April 21, 1948 in Sesto San Giovanni, Province of Milan) is an Italian war surgeon and founder of the UN-recognized Italian NGO Emergency.

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Gisèle Guillemot

Gisèle Guillemot (24 February 1922 – February 2013) was an award-winning French writer and a member of the French Resistance during the Second World War.

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Global Initiative for Emergency and Essential Surgical Care

The Global Initiative for Emergency and Essential Surgical Care was established by the World Health Organization in December 2005.

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Global storm activity of 2010

The global storm activity of 2010 includes major meteorological events in the Earth's atmosphere during the year, including winter storms (blizzards, ice storms, European windstorms), hailstorms, out of season monsoon rain storms, extratropical cyclones, gales, microbursts, flooding, rainstorms, tropical cyclones, and other severe weather events.

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Golden Nymph Award

The Golden Nymph Award are the prizes awarded to the winners of the Official Competition of the Monte-Carlo Television Festival (Festival de Télévision de Monte-Carlo).

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Gordon O'Connor

Gordon James O'Connor, (born May 18, 1939) is a retired Brigadier-General, businessman, lobbyist, and was a Conservative Member of Parliament from 2004 to 2015.

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Gotthard League

The Gotthard League was a Swiss civil society movement formed in 1940 with the aim to combat defeatism and Nazi propaganda at a time when the Swiss were surrounded by triumphant and obviously aggressive Axis powers armies.

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Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies

The Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, or the Graduate Institute (in French: Institut de hautes études internationales et du développement (previously known as Institut (universitaire) de hautes études internationales), abbreviated IHEID (previously HEI, IHEI, or IUHEI) is a post-graduate university located in Geneva, Switzerland. The institution counts one UN secretary-general (Kofi Annan), seven Nobel Prize recipients, one Pulitzer Prize winner, and numerous ambassadors, foreign ministers, and heads of state among its alumni and faculty. Founded by two senior League of Nations officials, the Graduate Institute maintains strong links with that international organisation's successor, the United Nations, and many alumni have gone on to work at UN agencies. The school is a full member of the APSIA. Founded in 1927, the Graduate Institute of International Studies (IHEI or HEI) is continental Europe's oldest school of international relations and was the world's first university dedicated solely to the study of international affairs. It offered one of the first doctoral programmes in international relations in the world. In 2008, the Graduate Institute absorbed the Graduate Institute of Development Studies, a smaller post-graduate institution also based in Geneva founded in 1961. The merger resulted in the current Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies. Today the school enrolls about 800 graduate students from over 100 countries. Foreign students make up nearly 80% of the student body and the school is officially a bilingual English-French institution, although the majority of classes are in English.. With Maison de la Paix acting as its primary seat of learning, the Institute's campuses are located blocks from the United Nations Office at Geneva, International Labour Organization, World Trade Organization, World Health Organization, International Committee of the Red Cross, World Intellectual Property Organization and many other international organizations. It runs joint degree programmes with universities such as Smith College and Yale University, and is Harvard Kennedy School's only partner university to co-deliver double degrees.

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Graham Clarke (musician)

Graham Peter Clarke (born July 11, 1970) is an American musician, songwriter, arranger, and entertainer.

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Gramicidin S

Gramicidin S or Gramicidin Soviet is an antibiotic that is effective against some gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria as well as some fungi.

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Great Famine (Greece)

The Great Famine (Μεγάλος Λιμός) was a period of mass starvation during the Axis occupation of Greece, during World War II (1941–44).

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Greater London Area War Risk Study

The Greater London Area War Risk Study (GLAWARS) was an in depth scientific investigation of how well the city of London, England would survive a nuclear war.

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Greek refugees

Greek refugees is a collective term used to refer to the nearly one million Greek Orthodox natives of Asia Minor, Thrace and the Black Sea areas who fled during the Greek genocide (1914-1922) and Greece's later defeat in the Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922), as well as remaining Greek Orthodox inhabitants of Turkey who were required to leave their homes for Greece shortly thereafter as part of the population exchange between Greece and Turkey, which formalized the population transfer and barred the return of the refugees.

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Green Cross International

Green Cross International (GCI) is a global independent non-profit and non-governmental environmental organisation (NGO) working to address the inter-connected global challenges of security, poverty eradication and environmental degradation through a combination of advocacy and local projects.

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Greendale Secondary School

Greendale Secondary School (abbreviation: GDLSS; Simplified Chinese: 绿苑中学; Traditional Chinese: 綠苑中學) is a secondary school located in Punggol, in the north-eastern part of Singapore.

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Greg Arnold

Gregory Charles "Greg" Arnold is a singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, producer and academic.

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Grimm–Hoffmann affair

The Grimm–Hoffmann affair was a short-lived scandal that seriously brought into question Switzerland's neutrality during World War I. Robert Grimm, a socialist politician, travelled to Russia as an activist to negotiate a separate peace between Russia and Germany, in order to end the war on the Eastern Front in the interests of socialism.

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Guantanamo Bay detention camp

The Guantanamo Bay detention camp is a United States military prison located within Guantanamo Bay Naval Base,, The Independent, 29 April 2006 also referred to as Guantánamo or GTMO, which is on the coast of Guantánamo Bay in Cuba.

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Guantanamo Bay hunger strikes

The first well-known Guantanamo Bay hunger strikes began in the middle of 2005, when detainees held by the United States at the Guantanamo Bay detention camp initiated two hunger strikes.

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Guilherme Ivens Ferraz

Vice Admiral Guilherme Ivens Ferraz (14 September 1865, in Ponta Delgada – 26 December 1956, in Lisbon) was a Portuguese Navy officer.

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Guillaume Henri Dufour

Guillaume Henri Dufour (15 September 1787 – 14 July 1875) was a Swiss army officer, bridge engineer and topographer.

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Gustave Moynier

Gustave Moynier (September 21, 1826 - August 21, 1910) was a Swiss Jurist who was active in many charitable organizations in Geneva.

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György Kárpáti (film director)

György Kárpáti (born 3 July 1933 in Budapest) is a Hungarian film director whose most celebrated feature film is Nem szoktam hazudni (I Hardly Ever Lie, 1966).

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Hackathon

A hackathon (also known as a hack day, hackfest or codefest) is a design sprint-like event in which computer programmers and others involved in software development, including graphic designers, interface designers, project managers, and others, often including subject-matter-experts, collaborate intensively on software projects.

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Haiti

Haiti (Haïti; Ayiti), officially the Republic of Haiti and formerly called Hayti, is a sovereign state located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea.

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Hamilton Road Cemetery, Deal

Hamilton Road Cemetery is a combined municipal and military burial ground situated in the coastal town of Deal, Kent, in South East England.

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Hanau

Hanau is a town in the Main-Kinzig-Kreis, in Hesse, Germany.

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Hanish Islands conflict

The Hanish Islands conflict was a dispute between Yemen and Eritrea over the island of Greater Hanish in the Red Sea, one of the largest in the then disputed Zukur-Hanish archipelago.

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Har Gilo

Har Gilo (הַר גִּלֹה, lit. Mount Gilo) is an Israeli settlement organized as a community settlement located about five kilometers south of Jerusalem, and two kilometers west of Bethlehem in the northern Judean hills of the West Bank.

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Hard Choices (Moore book)

Hard Choices: Moral Dilemmas in Humanitarian Intervention is a non-fiction compilation book about humanitarianism on the international arena, edited by Jonathan Moore.

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Harold W. Jones

Colonel Harold W. Jones, M.D. (November 5, 1877 – April 5, 1958), is noted as the Director of the U.S. Army Medical Library from 1936 through 1945, who made signal contributions to military medicine and to the evolution of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM).

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Harvard Humanitarian Initiative

The Harvard Humanitarian Initiative (HHI) is an interfaculty Harvard University initiative dedicated to advancing research, practice, and policy in the field of humanitarian assistance.

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Hashmonaim

Hashmonaim (חַשְׁמוֹנָאִים, lit. Hasmoneans) is an Israeli settlement located in the western section of the West Bank, off Route 443.

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Hayatullah (detainee)

Hayatullah is a citizen of Afghanistan who was held in extrajudicial detention in the United States' Bagram Theater Internment Facility.

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Hồ Văn Nhựt

Hồ Văn Nhựt (15 July 1905 – 13 March 1986) was a medical doctor who founded the Southern branch of Red Cross of Vietnam and a South Vietnamese opposition leader during and after the period of resistance against colonialism.

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Heiden, Switzerland

Heiden is a village and a municipality in the canton of Appenzell Ausserrhoden in Switzerland.

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Helen Durham

Helen Anne Durham (born 1968), an international humanitarian lawyer, is the Director of International Law and Policy at the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC).

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Helen Mussallem

Dr.

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Helga Dagsland

Helga Dagsland (28 May 1910 – 21 April 2003) was a Norwegian nurse and organizational leader.

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Henry Dunant

Henry Dunant (born Jean-Henri Dunant; 8 May 1828 – 30 October 1910), also known as Henri Dunant, was a Swiss businessman and social activist, the founder of the Red Cross, and the first recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize.

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Henry Dunant Medal

The Henry Dunant Medal is the highest award of the Red Cross Movement.

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Hetty Voûte

Henriëtte ("Hetty") Voûte (1918–1999) was a Dutch Resistance fighter who was declared Righteous Among the Nations by Yad Vashem on March 24, 1988 for her work rescuing Dutch Jewish children whose parents had been deported to Nazi concentration camps during World War II.

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Hewa Bora Airways Flight 122

On 15 April 2008, Hewa Bora Airways Flight 122, a McDonnell Douglas DC-9-51 plane crashed into a residential and market area of Goma of the Democratic Republic of the Congo immediately south of Goma International Airport.

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Hilal Ahmar

Hilal Ahmar (الهلال الأحمر, هلال احمر, Hilâl-i Ahmer,ہلالِ احمر) means Red Crescent in English.

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History of Alexandria

The history of Alexandria dates back to the city's founding, by Alexander the Great, in 331 BC.

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History of Basilan

Basilan is an island province of the Philippines.

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History of biological warfare

Various types of biological warfare (BW) have been practiced repeatedly throughout history.

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History of FARC

The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC–EP) is a Marxist–Leninist revolutionary guerrilla organization based in Colombia, which is involved in the ongoing Colombian armed conflict.

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History of Guernsey

The history of Guernsey stretches back to evidence of prehistoric habitation and settlement and encompasses the development of its modern society.

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History of human rights

While belief in the sanctity of human life has ancient precedents in many religions of the world, the idea of modern human rights began during the era of renaissance humanism in the early modern period.

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History of Poland (1939–1945)

The history of Poland from 1939 to 1945 encompasses primarily the period from the Invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany to the end of World War II.

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History of the Royal Military Police

The history of military policing in Great Britain dates back to the middle ages.

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History of Uganda (1979–present)

The history of Uganda since 11 April 1979 comprises the history of Uganda since the end of the dictatorship of Idi Amin.

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HMHS Letitia (1912)

HMHS Letitia was a British hospital ship that ran aground at Portuguese Cove in Halifax Harbour, Canada on 1 August 1917 while carrying 546 wounded Canadian soldiers from Liverpool, United Kingdom to Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

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HMS Hydra (A144)

HMS Hydra (Pennant Number A144) was a Royal Navy deep ocean hydrographic survey vessel, the third of the original three of the ''Hecla'' class.

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HMS Peterel (1927)

HMS Peterel was a river gunboat built by Yarrow Shipbuilders at Scotstoun and she was the sixth Royal Navy to carry the name.

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Holzminden prisoner-of-war camp

Holzminden prisoner-of-war camp was a World War I prisoner-of-war camp for British and British Empire officers (Offizier Gefangenenlager) located in Holzminden, Lower Saxony, Germany.

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Honduran Red Cross

The Honduran Red Cross is a non-profit institution of social and voluntary interest that provides help to populations in risk.

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Hong Kong Red Cross International Humanitarian Law Moot

The Hong Kong Red Cross International Humanitarian Law Moot is an annual international moot court competition organised by the Hong Kong Red Cross and International Committee of the Red Cross in collaboration with universities in Hong Kong.

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Hooding

Hooding is the placing of a hood over the entire head of a prisoner.

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Hostage

A hostage is a person or entity which is held by one of two belligerent parties to the other or seized as security for the carrying out of an agreement, or as a preventive measure against war.

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House demolition

House demolition is primarily a military tactic which has been used in many conflicts for a variety of purposes.

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House demolition in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict

House demolition is a method utilized by the Israeli Defence Forces (IDF) in Jerusalem, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip against Palestinians.

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HPCR Manual on International Law Applicable to Air and Missile Warfare

After consulting with scholars and governmental experts, the Program on Humanitarian Policy and Conflict Research at Harvard University (HPCR) created in 2003 a multi-annual Project intended to restate the existing international laws applicable to air and missile warfare.

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HS Tabora

HS Tabora was a German hospital ship that was sunk on 26 March 1916 in the port of Dar es Salaam, German East Africa, by the Royal Navy battleship and protected cruisers and, and the Royal Australian Navy light cruiser.

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Huambo

Huambo, formerly Nova Lisboa (English: New Lisbon, 1928–1975), is the capital of the province of Huambo in Angola.

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Hugo Steiner

Hugo Steiner is a Swiss citizen who graduated from the University of Zurich as a physician specialising in endocrinology.

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Human rights

Human rights are moral principles or normsJames Nickel, with assistance from Thomas Pogge, M.B.E. Smith, and Leif Wenar, December 13, 2013, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy,, Retrieved August 14, 2014 that describe certain standards of human behaviour and are regularly protected as natural and legal rights in municipal and international law.

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Human rights abuses in Jammu and Kashmir

Human rights abuses in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir state are an ongoing issue.

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Human rights in Mauritania

Human rights in Mauritania is generally seen as poor according to international observers, including Freedom House, the United States Department of State, and Amnesty International.

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Human rights in Niger

According to the Republic of Niger's Constitution of 1999, most human rights, as defined by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, are upheld and protected.

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Human rights in North Korea

Human rights in North Korea are severely limited.

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Human rights in the Central African Republic

The Central African Republic, which the United Nations High Commissioner has described as undergoing "the most neglected crisis in the world", has an extremely poor human rights record.

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Human rights in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

In all areas of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the human rights record remained considerably poor, and numerous serious abuses were committed.

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Human rights in the State of Palestine

Human rights in the Palestinian Territories refers to the human rights record in the West Bank and Gaza.

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Human rights in the United States

Human rights in the United States comprise and very focused of a series of rights which are legally protected by the Constitution of the United States, including the amendments, state constitutions, conferred by treaty and customary international law, and enacted legislatively through Congress, state legislatures, and state referenda and citizen's initiatives.

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Human rights in Western Sahara

The Government of Morocco sees Western Sahara as its Southern Provinces.

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Human rights violations by the CIA

This article deals with those activities of the Central Intelligence Agency that violate human rights.

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Human rights violations during the Yemeni Civil War (2015-present)

There have been many human rights violations committed by various groups during the Yemeni Civil War.

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Human security

Human security is an emerging paradigm for understanding global vulnerabilities whose proponents challenge the traditional notion of national security by arguing that the proper referent for security should be the individual rather than the state.

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Human shield

Human shield is a military and political term describing the deliberate placement of non-combatants in or around combat targets to deter the enemy from attacking these combat targets.

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Humanitarian access

Humanitarian access is a specific legal term, referred to the ability by neutral humanitarian actors (such as the United Nations, the ICRC, and foreign or local NGOs), to enter an area during a conflict, to provide humanitarian aid as well as monitor and promote human rights.

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Humanitarian aid

Humanitarian aid is material and logistic assistance to people who need help.

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Humanitarian aid during the Syrian Civil War

Humanitarian aid during the Syrian Civil War has been provided by various international bodies, organizations and states.

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Humanitarian exchange

The Humanitarian Exchange or Humanitarian Accord (Acuerdo Humanitario, Intercambio Humanitario or Canje Humanitario) referred to a possible accord to exchange hostages for prisoners between the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) guerrilla group and the Government of Colombia.

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Humanitarian impact of the Russo-Georgian War

The Russo-Georgian War had a huge humanitarian impact on the civilians.

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Humanitarian Initiative

The Humanitarian Initiative is a group of states that evolved within the framework of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) and nuclear weapons diplomacy more widely.

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Humanitarian Law Center

Humanitarian Law Center (HLC) (Fond za Humanitarno pravo, Fondi për të Drejtën Humanitare) is a non-governmental organisation with offices in Belgrade, Serbia, and Pristina, Kosovo.

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Humanitarian principles

There are a number of meanings for the term humanitarian.

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Humanitarian response by national governments to the 2010 Haiti earthquake

The humanitarian response by national governments to the 2010 Haiti earthquake included numerous national governments from around the world pledging to coordinate and send humanitarian aid to the Haitian people affected by the disaster.

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Humanitarian response by non-governmental organizations to the 2010 Haiti earthquake

The humanitarian response by non-governmental organizations to the 2010 Haiti earthquake included many organizations, including international, religious, and regionally based NGOs, which immediately pledged support in the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti earthquake.

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Humanitarian response to the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake

The humanitarian response to the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake of a magnitude of 9.3 was prompted by one of the worst natural disasters of modern times.

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Humanitarian response to the 2010 Haiti earthquake

The response to the 2010 Haiti earthquake included national governments, charitable and for-profit organizations from around the world which began coordinating humanitarian aid designed to help the Haitian people.

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Humanitarian response to the 2015 Nepal earthquake

An earthquake struck Nepal at on 25 April 2015 with a moment magnitude (Mw) of 7.8 or 8.1Ms and a maximum Mercalli Intensity of IX (Violent).

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Humanitarian response to Typhoon Haiyan

In the wake of Typhoon Haiyan, the Philippines received numerous messages of condolence and offers of assistance from a range of international leaders.

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Humanitarian situation during the 2011 Libyan Civil War

By the end of February 2011, medical supplies, fuel and food were dangerously low in Libya.

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Humanitarian situation during the war in Donbass

During the ongoing war between Ukrainian government forces and pro-Russian separatist insurgents in the Donbass region of Ukraine that began in April 2014, many international organisations and states noted a deteriorating humanitarian situation in the conflict zone.

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Hungarian Revolution of 1956

The Hungarian Revolution of 1956, or Hungarian Uprising of 1956 (1956-os forradalom or 1956-os felkelés), was a nationwide revolt against the Marxist-Leninist government of the Hungarian People's Republic and its Soviet-imposed policies, lasting from 23 October until 10 November 1956.

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Hurricane Irma

Hurricane Irma was an extremely powerful and catastrophic Cape Verde hurricane, the strongest observed in the Atlantic in terms of maximum sustained winds since Wilma, and the strongest storm on record to exist in the open Atlantic region.

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Hyacinth Graf Strachwitz

Hyacinth Graf Strachwitz von Groß-Zauche und Camminetz (30 July 1893 – 25 April 1968) was a German Army officer of aristocratic descent.

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Ian Malcolm (politician)

Sir Ian Zachary Malcolm, 17th Laird of Poltalloch, KCMG (3 September 1868 – 28 December 1944) was a Conservative Member of Parliament and Chieftain of the Clan Malcolm/MacCallum.

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ICRC (disambiguation)

The ICRC is the International Committee of the Red Cross.

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ICRC Hospital of Novye Atagi

The ICRC Hospital of Novye Atagi is an International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) hospital in Novye Atagi, Chechnya, Russian Federation.

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ICRC International T20 Cricket Tournament for people with physical disabilities

The ICRC International T20 Cricket Tournament was a five-team Twenty20 cricket competition for people with physical disabilities.

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Ilag

Ilag is an abbreviation of the German word Internierungslager.

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Immanuel (town)

Immanuel, (עִמָּנוּאֵל, IPA: i.maˌnuˈel) also spelled Emmanuel or Emanuel, is an Israeli settlement organized as a local council located in the West Bank.

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Incident in Shanghai

Incident in Shanghai is a 1938 British drama film directed by John Paddy Carstairs and starring Margaret Vyner, Patrick Barr, Ralph Roberts and Derek Gorst.

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Incidents in the Gaza War (2008–09)

Incidents in the Gaza War include incidents involving attacks against civilians, a school, a mosque, and naval confrontations.

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Indefinite detention without trial

Indefinite detention is the incarceration of an arrested person by a national government or law enforcement agency without a trial; the practice violates many national and international laws, including human rights laws.

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Independent State of Croatia

The Independent State of Croatia (Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, NDH; Unabhängiger Staat Kroatien; Stato Indipendente di Croazia) was a World War II fascist puppet state of Germany and Italy.

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Index of Singapore-related articles

Articles related to Singapore include.

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Indian Independence League

The Indian Independence League (also known as IIL) was a political organisation operated from the 1920s to the 1940s to organise those living outside India into seeking the removal of British colonial rule over India.

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Indira Gandhi Children's Hospital

Indira Gandhi Children's hospital located in Kabul is a Children's hospital of Afghanistan.

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Indo-Pakistani War of 1971

The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 was a military confrontation between India and Pakistan that occurred during the liberation war in East Pakistan from 3 December 1971 to the fall of Dacca (Dhaka) on 16 December 1971.

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Indonesian occupation of East Timor

The Indonesian occupation of East Timor began in December 1975 and lasted until October 1999.

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Indus Hospital

The Indus Hospital is a tertiary care multidisciplinary hospital that was constructed starting from 2004 and opened its door for the patients in July 2007.

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Ingrid Pitt

Ingrid Pitt (born Ingoushka Petrov; 21 November 193723 November 2010) was a Polish-British actress, author, and writer best known for her work in horror films of the 1960s and 1970s.

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Initiatives of Change

Initiatives of Change (IofC) is a global organisation dedicated to "building trust across the world's divides" of culture, nationality, belief, and background.

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Insecurity Insight

Established in 2008 by Nathan Taback, Christina Willie and Robin Coupland, Insecurity Insight is a Geneva-based non-profit organisation that has developed the ”Taback-Coupland model of armed violence”, a model that is used to generate data on the impact of armed violence and insecurity on people's lives and wellbeing with a view to generating preventive policies.

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Institute for International Law of Peace and Armed Conflict

The Institute for International Law of Peace and Armed Conflict (IFHV) at Ruhr University Bochum (Germany) is one of the leading research institutes on humanitarian law and humanitarian studies in Europe.

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Intellectual property in Iran

Iran is a member of the WIPO since 2001 and has acceded to several WIPO intellectual property treaties.

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Inter-Agency Guiding Principles on Unaccompanied and Separated Children

The Inter-Agency Guiding Principles on Unaccompanied and Separated Children is a document and set of guidelines agreed upon among six international organizations, including.

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Inter-Agency Standing Committee

The Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) is an inter-agency forum of UN and non-UN humanitarian partners founded in 1992, to strengthen humanitarian assistance.

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InterContinental Dhaka

The InterContinental Dhaka is a prominent luxury hotel in Ramna in central Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh.

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Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya

The Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya (Ha-Merkaz ha-Bentehumi Hertseliyya; abbreviated IDC Herzliya) is a private, not-for-profit, nonsectarian research college in Herzliya, Israel.

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Internally displaced person

An internally displaced person (IDP) is someone who is forced to flee his or her home but who remains within his or her country's borders.

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International Bureau for the Respect of Human Rights in Western Sahara

BIRDHSO (Bureau International pour le Respect des Droits de l'Homme au Sahara Occidental; Oficina Internacional para el Respeto de los Derechos Humanos en el Sahara Occidental; International Bureau for the Respect of Human Rights in Western Sahara) is a Switzerland-based human rights organization campaigning against the human rights violations in Western Sahara.

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International Bureau of Education

The International Bureau of Education (IBE-UNESCO) is a UNESCO category 1 institute mandated as the Centre of Excellence in curriculum and related matters.

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International Code of Conduct for Private Security Service Providers

The International Code of Conduct for Private Security Service Providers (ICoC) is a set of principles for private security providers, created through a multi-stakeholder initiative convened by the Swiss government.

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International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty

The International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS) was an ad hoc commission of participants which in 2001 worked to popularize the concept of humanitarian intervention under the name of "Responsibility to protect".

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International Committee of Military Medicine

The International Committee of Military Medicine (ICMM) is an international and intergovernmental organization consisting of more than one hundred states.

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International Criminal Court

The International Criminal Court (ICC or ICCt) is an intergovernmental organization and international tribunal that sits in The Hague in the Netherlands.

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International Criminal Court Act 2001

The International Criminal Court Act 2001 (c.17) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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International Day of the Disappeared

The International Day of the Disappeared, on August 30 of each year, is a day created to draw attention to the fate of individuals imprisoned at places and under poor conditions unknown to their relatives and/or legal representatives.

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International Disability Alliance

The International Disability Alliance (IDA), created in 1999, is an umbrella organization focused on improving awareness and rights for individuals with disabilities around the globe.

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International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies is a worldwide humanitarian aid organization that reaches 160 million people each year through its 190-member National Societies.

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International framework of sexual violence

Sexual violence includes, but is not limited to rape.

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International health

International health, also called geographic medicine, international medicine, or global health, is a field of health care, usually with a public health emphasis, dealing with health across regional or national boundaries.

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International humanitarian law

International humanitarian law (IHL) is the law that regulates the conduct of war (jus in bello).

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International Institute of Humanitarian Law

The International Institute of Humanitarian Law (IIHL) is an independent, non-profit humanitarian organisation founded in 1970.

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International law and Israeli settlements

The international community considers the establishment of Israeli settlements in the Israeli-occupied territories illegal under international law, because the Fourth Geneva Convention of 1949 prohibits countries from moving population into territories occupied in a war.

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International law and the Arab–Israeli conflict

The International law bearing on issues of Arab–Israeli conflict, which became a major arena of regional and international tension since the birth of Israel in 1948, resulting in several disputes between a number of Arab countries and Israel.

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International law and the Gaza War

Accusations of violations regarding international humanitarian law, which governs the actions by belligerents during an armed conflict, have been directed at both Israel and Hamas for their actions during the Gaza War.

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International organization

An international organization is an organization with an international membership, scope, or presence.

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International Organizations Immunities Act

The International Organizations Immunities Act is a United States federal law enacted in 1945.

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International reaction to the Russo-Georgian War

The international reaction to the Russo-Georgian War covered many nations, non-governmental organisations and non-state actors.

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International reactions to the Bahraini uprising of 2011

The international reactions to the Bahraini uprising of 2011 include responses by supranational organisations, non-governmental organisations, media organisations, and both the governments and civil populaces, like of fellow sovereign states to the protests and uprising in Bahrain during the Arab Spring.

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International reactions to the Gaza War (2008–09)

International reaction to the Gaza War 2008-09 came from many countries and international organisations.

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International reactions to the Syrian Civil War

International reactions to the Syrian Civil War ranged from support for the government to calls for the government to dissolve.

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International recognition of the National Transitional Council

International recognition of the National Transitional Council of Libya was given by the majority of international states but was not universal.

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International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement

The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is an international humanitarian movement with approximately 17 million volunteers, members and staff worldwide which was founded to protect human life and health, to ensure respect for all human beings, and to prevent and alleviate human suffering.

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International Red Cross Committee of Nanking

During the Japanese-led Nanking Massacre, the International Red Cross established a contingent in the city to coordinate the humanitarian aid effort.

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International response to the Holocaust

In the decades since the Holocaust, some national governments, international bodies and world leaders have been criticized for their failure to take appropriate action to save the millions of European Jews, Roma, and other victims of the Holocaust.

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International Review of the Red Cross

The International Review of the Red Cross is a quarterly peer-reviewed public health journal published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the International Committee of the Red Cross.

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International Save the Children Union

The International Save the Children Union (L’Union Internationale de Secours aux Enfants) was a Geneva-based international organisation of children's welfare organisations founded in 1920 by Eglantyne Jebb and her sister Dorothy Buxton, who had earlier founded Save the Children in the UK.

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International Society of Blood Transfusion

The International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) is a scientific society, founded in 1935, which aims to promote the study of blood transfusion, and to spread the know-how about the manner in which blood transfusion medicine and science best can serve the patient's interests.

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International Tracing Service

The International Tracing Service (ITS), in German Internationaler Suchdienst, in French Service International de Recherches in Bad Arolsen, Germany, is an internationally governed centre for documentation, information and research on Nazi persecution, forced labour and the Holocaust in Nazi Germany and its occupied regions.

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International Women's Day

International Women's Day (IWD) is celebrated on March 8 every year.

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International Year of Volunteers

International Year of Volunteers was designated for 2001 by the United Nations General Assembly.

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Internment camps in France

There were internment camps and concentration camps in France before, during and after World War II.

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Interrogation of Abu Zubaydah

Abu Zubaydah (Zayn al-Abidin Muhammed Hussein Abu Zubaydah) is a Saudi citizen who helped manage the Khalden training camp in Afghanistan.

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Interrogation of Saddam Hussein

The Interrogation of Saddam Hussein began shortly after his December 2003 capture, while the deposed President of Iraq was held at the United States Camp Cropper detention facility at Baghdad International Airport.

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Iran–PJAK conflict

The Iran–PJAK conflict, or Iran–Kurdistan Free Life Party conflict is an armed conflict between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Kurdish guerrilla group Kurdistan Free Life Party (PJAK), which began in 2004 and largely ended in 2011.

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Iraq prison abuse scandals

About six months after the invasion of Iraq rumors of Iraq prison abuse scandals started to emerge.

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Irgun and Lehi internment in Africa

From 1944 to 1948, Irgun and Lehi men being held without trial at the Latroun concentration camp were deported by the British Mandate of Palestine authorities to internment camps in Africa, located in Sembel (near Asmara, Eritrea), Carthago, Sudan and Gilgil (north of Nairobi, Kenya).

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Irish Red Cross

The Irish Red Cross Society was formally established by nurse Elizabeth O'Herrin of Dublin City Hospital on 1 July 1939 under the terms of the Red Cross Act 1938.

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Irregular military

Irregular military is any non-standard military component that is distinct from a country's national armed forces.

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Isa Ali Abdullah al Murbati

Issa Ali Abdullah al Murbati is a citizen of Bahrain who was held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detainment camps, in Cuba.

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Islamophobic incidents

The following is a list of a number of recent incidents characterized as inspired by Islamophobia by commentators.

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Ismatullah (Bagram detainee)

Ismatullah is a citizen of Afghanistan.

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Israel and the apartheid analogy

The Israeli apartheid analogy compares Israel's treatment of Palestinians to South Africa's treatment of non-whites during its apartheid era within the context of the crime of apartheid.

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Israel Prison Service

The Israel Prison Service (שירות בתי הסוהר, Sherut Batei HaSohar, إدارة السجون الإسرائيلية, Idārat al-Sujūn al-Isrā’īlīyyah), commonly known in Israel by its acronym Shabas or IPS in English, is the state agency responsible for overseeing prisons in Israel.

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Israel–Syria Mixed Armistice Commission

The Israel–Syria Mixed Armistice Commission (ISMAC) was the United Nations commission for observing the armistice between Israel and Syria after the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, as part of the Mixed Armistice Commissions (MAC).

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Israeli settlement

Israeli settlements are civilian communities inhabited by Israeli citizens, almost exclusively of Jewish ethnicity, built predominantly on lands within the Palestinian territories, which Israel has militarily occupied since the 1967 Six-Day War, and partly on lands considered Syrian territory also militarily occupied by Israel since the 1967 war.

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Israeli West Bank barrier

The Israeli West Bank barrier or wall (for further names see here) is a separation barrier in the West Bank or along the Green Line.

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Israeli-occupied territories

The Israeli-occupied territories are the territories occupied by Israel during the Six-Day War of 1967.

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Italian Red Cross

The Italian Red Cross (IRC, Croce Rossa Italiana or CRI) is the Italian national Red Cross society that has its origin in the Comitato dell'Associazione Italiana per il soccorso ai feriti ed ai malati in guerra in Milan on June 15, 1864.

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J. Edwin Lloyd

Rev.

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J. Peter Burgess

J.

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Jack Hinton

John Daniel "Jack" Hinton, VC (17 September 1909 – 28 June 1997) was a New Zealand soldier who served during the Second World War.

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Jacques Freymond

Jacques Freymond (5 August 1911 – 4 May 1998) was a Swiss political historian.

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Jacques Moreillon

Jacques Moreillon (born 1939) served as Director General of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) until 1988 and as Secretary General of the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM) from November 1, 1988 to March 31, 2004.

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Jakob Kellenberger

Jakob Kellenberger (born 19 October 1944 in Heiden, Switzerland) is a former Swiss diplomat and former president of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC).

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Jamal Udeen Al-Harith

Jamal Udeen Al-Harith, born Ronald Fiddler, The Age (Australia), 13 March 2004.

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James Bacque

James Bacque (born 19 May 1929) is a Canadian novelist, publisher, and book editor.

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James deSouza

James "Jimmy" deSouza (11 December 1925 – 28 January 2016) was a Roman Catholic priest, teacher, school principal and humanitarian.

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James Elmer Mitchell

James Elmer Mitchell (born 1952) is a psychologist and former member of the United States Air Force.

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James Lawson (Australian doctor)

James "Jim" Sutherland Lawson (born 6 May 1934) is an Australian public health doctor and scientist, known for research on breast cancer and for public health services and prevention programs, currently in use in Australian and international public health services.

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Jamshid Momtaz

Jamshid Momtaz (born 18 June 1942 in İzmir) is an Iranian jurist and academic.

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Jane Mayer

Jane Meredith Mayer (born 1955) is an American investigative journalist who has been a staff writer for The New Yorker since 1995.

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January 1936

The following events occurred in January 1936.

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January 1968

The following events occurred in January 1968.

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Japanese embassy hostage crisis

The Japanese embassy hostage crisis began on 17 December 1996 in Lima, Peru, when 14 members of the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) took hostage hundreds of high-level diplomats, government and military officials and business executives who were attending a party at the official residence of the Japanese ambassador to Peru, Morihisa Aoki, in celebration of Emperor Akihito's 63rd birthday.

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Japanese Red Cross Society

The is the Japanese affiliate of the International Red Cross.

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Japanese war crimes

War crimes of the Empire of Japan occurred in many Asia-Pacific countries during the period of Japanese imperialism, primarily during the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II.

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Jasenovac concentration camp

The Jasenovac concentration camp (Logor Jasenovac/Логор Јасеновац,; יאסענאוואץ) was an extermination camp established in Slavonia by the authorities of the Independent State of Croatia (NDH) during World War II.

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Jastrebarsko concentration camp

Jastrebarsko concentration camp held Serb children who had been brought there from various areas of the Axis puppet state, the Independent State of Croatia (Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, NDH) during World War II.

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Jawalakhel

Jāwalākhel (जावलाखेल.) is a subdivision of Lalitpur in Nepal.

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Jawed Ahmad

Jawed Ahmad (Jojo) was an Afghan reporter working for Canadian media outlet CTV who was arrested by American troops and declared an enemy combatant, while working with NATO at Kandahar Airport on October 26, 2007.

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Jay W. Hood

Jay W. Hood is a retired United States Army Major General.

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Jean Mohr

Jean Mohr (born 13 September 1925 in Geneva, Switzerland) is a Swiss documentary photographer who has been active since 1949, primarily with some of the major humanitarian organizations of the world, including the United Nations High Commission for Refugees, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), the World Health Organization, and the International Labour Organization.

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Jean Pictet

Jean Simon Pictet (born 2 September 1914, dec. 30 March 2002) was a Swiss citizen, jurist, legal practitioner and honorary doctorate with a profound knowledge of international humanitarian law.

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Jeff McDonald

Jeff McDonald (born 1963 in Hawthorne, California) is a rock and roll singer and guitarist who co-founded the alternative rock, power pop band Redd Kross with his younger brother Steven Shane McDonald and remains in the band.

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Jennifer Casolo

Jennifer Jean Casolo is an American citizen who was arrested on November 26, 1989 by Salvadoran government troops during the "Final Offensive" of the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN) in San Salvador.

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Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries

The Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries, or Jewish exodus from Arab countries, was the departure, flight, expulsion, evacuation and migration of 850,000 Jews, primarily of Sephardi and Mizrahi background, from Arab and Muslim countries, mainly from 1948 to the early 1970s.

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Jewish Quarter (Jerusalem)

The Jewish Quarter (הרובע היהודי, HaRova HaYehudi; حارة اليهود, Harat al-Yehud) is one of the four traditional quarters of the Old City of Jerusalem (part of Israeli-occupied East Jerusalem).

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Jock Hamilton-Baillie

John Robert Edward "Jock" Hamilton-Baillie MC (1 March 1919 – 16 April 2003), was a British Royal Engineers officer famed for numerous escapes from German prisoner of war camps during World War II.

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Jody Williams

Jody Williams (born October 9, 1950) is an American political activist known for her work in banning anti-personnel landmines, her defense of human rights (especially those of women), and her efforts to promote new understandings of security in today's world.

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Johannes Paulmann

Johannes Paulmann (born October 4, 1960 in Darmstadt, Germany) is a German historian.

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John Bernard Philip Humbert, 9th Count de Salis-Soglio

John Bernard Philip Humbert de Salis, 9th Count de Salis-Soglio, TD, John da Buri, Graf v. Salis-Soglio, (London, 16 November 1947-Cà Buri, Mezzane di Sotto, Veneto, Italy 14 March 2014); SRI Comes, Illustris et Magnificus; former ICRC delegate and envoy; Knight Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion (2000) of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta (knight, 1974), and Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Order of Malta with Swords, first ambassador of the Order to Thailand 1986-98, Cambodia 1993-98, president of its Swiss Association (1995-2000) and of CIOMAL (Comité International de l'Ordre de Malte), 2000–08; British soldier and lawyer; Valpolicella vigneron and hereditary Knight of the Golden Spur. A Count of the Holy Roman Empire (Reichsgraf), (created by letters patent dated Vienna, 12 March 1748 for Envoy Peter de Salis-Soglio (1675-1749), of Chur and Chiavenna, and his son Jerome (Naturalized British in 1731), by Emperor Francis I), John de Salis was the only child of Lt. Colonel John Eugène, 8th Count de Salis (1891-1949), Irish Guards, by his Roman wife Maria Camilla (1926-1953), daughter of General Umberto Presti di Camarda by Teresa (d.1993), daughter of Filippo Nereo Vignola, of Mezzane and Verona. The grandson of the British diplomat, Irish landowner and Catholic re-convert Sir John Francis Charles, 7th Count de Salis-Soglio, his earliest years were spent at 10 Priory Walk, Kensington, and 26 Roedean Crescent, Roehampton Gate, SW15. His father died when he was under two and his mother when he was five, his step-father when he was 10 and one of his two paternal uncles when he was four. His paternal grandparents had also died, in 1902 and 1939, so he was subsequently brought-up, inter-alia, by Franco-Belgian cousins in France (the widow and family of the 3rd Duc de Magenta at Sully, in particular), his remaining paternal uncle in Wiltshire, and his Veronese maternal grandmother, Teresa Vignola Presti. He was educated at Downside, read law at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge (LLB (1972) and LLM), and was called to the Bar, Grays Inn (1970). Later he was a tenant and then door-tenant, at 1 Brick Court, Middle Temple, EC4, and from 1972 lived at 12 First Street, SW3 and then from 1975 in two houses knocked together at 28 Upper Cheyne Row, Chelsea, SW3. Whilst in London he was also a member of the board of management of the Hospital of St John and St Elizabeth. Alongside learning and practicing the law he served in the Cambridge University Officer Training Corps (CUOTC), the HAC (within the Territorial and Army Volunteer Reserve), then in 1972, after meeting its then Colonel, Viscount Monckton, one of whose sisters-in-law happened to be married to one of John's first cousins, transferred to the 9th/12th Royal Lancers (Prince of Wales's). He was with them in Northern Ireland and retired a (Brevet) Major in 1988, having circa 1984 been awarded the Territorial Decoration. The combination of law of war, humanitarian instincts, soldiering and some family precedent (his father had been the Knight of Justice of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem delegate for the revision of the Geneva Convention in July 1929) lead De Salis to become the delegate of International Committee of the Red Cross Missions in the Middle East (Beirut, 1982) and Africa (Rhodesia), and head of delegation in Iraq (1980–81) and Thailand (1981-84, Cambodian refugees), and their special envoy in Lebanon (1982). In July 1983 de Salis wrote: "It is a heartbreaking fact that ICRC being essentially concerned with the victims of armed conflicts, is more directly concerned operationally with the relief of suffering rather than its abolition." On leaving England and moving to Switzerland he became a special officer in the Swiss Army's Panzergrenadiers, and set about a new career as a financier: as partner of Gautier Salis et Cie Geneva (1989–96), vice-chairman of Bank Lips Zurich (1996–98), managing director of European Capital Partners (Switzerland) SA (1999-), and as director of Amadeus SA Geneva (2000-). In the meantime he had taken over his grandmother's 160 acre farm in the Valle di Buri, Mezzane di Sotto, and developed it from dairy to vineyard. By 2010 Conti de Salis-Soglio Wines Verona had taken shape, partly inspired by his courageous and visionary Valtelline cousin Conte Cesare Sertoli Salis of Tirano and Milan (1952-2005) and his Canua Sforzato, akin to Valpolicella's Amarone. John's eighteenth century ancestors, 3rd Count Peter in particular, had also been growers of hemp and vines in eighteenth century Valtelline. In addition to the above Count de Salis was a member of the British Association of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta; had the Gold Medal with Swords (Beirut) 1982; was a Knight of Justice of the Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George; a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the White Elephant (Thailand); and an hereditary Knight of the Golden Spur (Eques Auratus) (1571). He was next male representative of Charles, second and last Viscount Fane and Baron of Loughuyre (aka Lough Gur), and of Vice-Admiral Francis William Drake, of Hillingdon, sometime governor of Newfoundland (1752-4), younger brother of the last Drake baronet of Buckland Abbey, and thus heir-general of Admiral Sir Francis Drake himself. His only listed recreation was melancholia.

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John E. Herbst

John Edward Herbst (born 12 August 1952 in Rockville Centre, New York) is a retired American diplomat who was the United States Ambassador to Uzbekistan from 2000 to 2003 and United States Ambassador to Ukraine from September 2003 to May 2006.

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John Furley

Sir John Furley, CH (19 March 1836 in Ashford, Kent – 27 September 1919 in Oxford) was an English humanitarian who worked to improve medical care both in wartime and at home.

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John Pringle

Sir John Pringle, 1st Baronet, PRS (10 April 1707 – 18 January 1782) was a British physician who has been called the "father of military medicine" (although Ambroise Paré and Jonathan Letterman have also been accorded this sobriquet).

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John Swinburne (New York)

John Swinburne (May 30, 1820 – March 28, 1889) was an American physician and Republican congressman from New York who served as a medical officer from 1861 to 1864, during the Civil War and as a member of American Ambulance Corps at the Siege of Paris in 1870–71.

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John W. Johnston

John Warfield Johnston (September 9, 1818February 27, 1889) was an American lawyer and politician from Abingdon, Virginia.

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Johnson & Johnson

Johnson & Johnson is an American multinational medical devices, pharmaceutical and consumer packaged goods manufacturing company founded in 1886.

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Joint Task Force Guantanamo

Joint Task Force Guantanamo (JTF-GTMO) is a U.S. military joint task force based at Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, Guantánamo Bay, Cuba on the southeastern end of the base.

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Joint War Organisation

The Joint War Organisation (JWO) is a combined operation of the British Red Cross Society and the Order of St John of Jerusalem and was controlled by the non-government Joint War Committee (JWC).

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José Castellanos Contreras

José Arturo Castellanos Contreras (San Vicente, El Salvador, December 23, 1893 — San Salvador, June 18, 1977) was a Salvadoran army colonel and diplomat who, while working as El Salvador's Consul General for Geneva during World War II, and in conjunction with a Jewish-Hungarian businessman named György Mandl, helped save up to 40,000 Jews and Central Europeans from Nazi persecution by providing them with Political Asylum (Salvadoran nationality).

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José Napoleón Duarte

José Napoleón Duarte Fuentes (November 23, 1925 – February 23, 1990) was a Salvadoran politician who served as President of El Salvador from June 1, 1984 to June 1, 1989.

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Josef Mengele

Josef Mengele (16 March 19117 February 1979) was a German Schutzstaffel (SS) officer and physician in Auschwitz concentration camp during World War II.

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Joseph Roth (politician)

Joseph Roth (born 30 January 1896 in Cologne, † 22 January 1945 in Bad Godesberg) was a German politician of the Centre Party). He was first Chairman of the Centre Party in Bad Godesberg, district council member of the District Bonn-country, elementary school teacher and enemy of the Third Reich.

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Jules Voncken

Jules Voncken (1887–June 1975), Generals.dk.

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Julien Anfruns

Julien Anfruns is a Member of the Council of State (France) ('Conseil d'Etat'), Supreme Court Judge.

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Julio Acosta García

Julio Acosta García (23 May 1872 – 6 July 1954) served as 24th President of Costa Rica from 1920 to 1924.

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July 1927

The following events occurred in July 1927.

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Just Can't Get Enough (The Black Eyed Peas song)

"Just Can't Get Enough" is a song by American group The Black Eyed Peas.

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Kafriya

Kafriya (كفريا, also spelled Kifarya or Kefraya) is a village in northern Syria, administratively part of the Idlib Governorate, located northwest of Idlib.

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Kalehe Territory

Kalehe Territory is a territory in South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Kalya

Kalya (קַלְיָה) is an Israeli settlement and kibbutz in the West Bank.

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Kambampati Nachiketa

Group Captain Kambampati Nachiketa Vayusena Medal (Gallantry), is a serving officer of the Indian Air Force.

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Kandahar International Airport

Kandahar International Airport (د کندهار نړيوال هوايي ډګر; referred to by ISAF as Kandahar Airfield, KAF) is located south-east of Kandahar City in Afghanistan.

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Karl Rahm

Karl Rahm (2 April 1907 – 30 April 1947) was a Sturmbannführer (major) in the German Schutzstaffel who, from February 1944 to May 1945, served as the commandant of the Theresienstadt concentration camp.

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Kate Holt

Katherine Emily Holt (born 1972) is a British photojournalist.

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Katyn Commission

The Katyn Commission or the International Katyn Commission was the International Red Cross committee formed in April 1943 under request by Germany to investigate the Katyn massacre of some 22,000 Polish nationals during the Soviet occupation of Eastern Poland, mostly prisoners of war from the September Campaign including Polish Army officers, intelligentsia, civil servants, priests, police officers and numerous other professionals.

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Katyn massacre

The Katyn massacre (zbrodnia katyńska, "Katyń massacre" or "Katyn crime"; Катынская резня or Катынский расстрел Katynskij reznya, "Katyn massacre") was a series of mass executions of Polish intelligentsia carried out by the NKVD ("People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs", the Soviet secret police) in April and May 1940.

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Kedumim

Kedumim (קְדוּמִים), also Qedumim, is an Israeli settlement and town located in the Samarian hills of the West Bank.

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Kelly Kwalik

Kelly Kwalik (1955 – December 16, 2009) was a senior separatist leader and military commander with the Free Papua Movement (OPM), a separatist organization based in Indonesia's Papua Province.

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Kevin Weldon

Kevin Ernest Weldon AM (born 1933) is an Australian book publisher, businessman, aviator and philanthropist.

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Khader Adnan

Khader Adnan Mohammad Musa (خضر عدنان محمد موسى; born on 24 March 1978) is a senior member of the Palestinian Islamist organization Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) and a prisoner in Israel.

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Khalid Sheikh Mohammed

Khalid Sheikh Mohammed (sometimes also spelled Khalid Shaikh Mohammed; among at least fifty pseudonyms; born April 14, 1965) is a Pakistani Islamist militant held by the United States at the Guantanamo Bay detention camp under terrorism-related charges.

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Khalil Suleiman

Khalil Suleiman (خليل سليمان) (1943/1944–4 March 2002) was a Palestinian doctor in Jenin in the West Bank.

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Khan Yunis massacre

The Khan Yunis massacre allegedly took place on 3 November 1956 in the Palestinian town of Khan Yunis and the nearby refugee camp of the same name in the Gaza Strip during the Suez Crisis.

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Khao-I-Dang

Khao-I-Dang Holding Center was a Cambodian refugee camp located 20 km north of Aranyaprathet in Prachinburi (now Sa Kaeo) Province of Thailand.

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Khujand prison riot

The Khujand prison riot began on 14 April 1997 when prisoners at Khujand Men's Correctional Labor Colony 3/19 in Khujand, Tajikistan began to protest living conditions and perceived injustice in the prison system.

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Kidnapping of Jalal Sharafi

Gunmen kidnapped Jalal Sharafi, the second secretary of the Iranian embassy, as he drove through Karrada district in central Baghdad, Iraq on 6 February 2007.

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King (pop band)

King, stylised KING, is an English pop/hip hop quartet, started in 1997.

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Kiryat Arba

Kiryat Arba or Qiryat Arba (קִרְיַת־אַרְבַּע), lit.

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Kizlyar-Pervomayskoye hostage crisis

The Kizlyar-Pervomayskoye hostage crisis, known in Russia as the terrorist act in Kizlyar (Террористический акт в Кизляре), occurred in January 1996 during the First Chechen War.

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Kofoworola Abeni Pratt

Chief Kofoworola Abeni Pratt Hon. FRCN (1910–1992) was a Nigerian-born nurse who is regarded as the first black nurse to work in Britain's National Health Service.

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Kolombangara

Kolombangara (sometimes spelled Kulambangara) is an island in the New Georgia Islands group of the Solomon Islands in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.

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Korićani Cliffs massacre

The Korićani Cliffs massacre was the mass murder of more than 200 Bosniak and Croat men on 21 August 1992, during the Bosnian War, at the Korićani Cliffs (Bosnian, Croatian, and Serbian: Korićanske stijene) on Mount Vlašić in central Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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Kosovo

Kosovo (Kosova or Kosovë; Косово) is a partially recognised state and disputed territory in Southeastern Europe that declared independence from Serbia in February 2008 as the Republic of Kosovo (Republika e Kosovës; Република Косово / Republika Kosovo).

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Kotatsu

A is a low, wooden table frame covered by a futon, or heavy blanket, upon which a table top sits.

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Ktzi'ot Prison

Ktzi'ot Prison is an Israeli detention facility located in the Negev desert 45 miles south-west of Beersheba.

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Kurdish Red Crescent

The Kurdish Red Crescent (Heyva Sor) is a humanitarian nonprofit organization with centers in Germany and Kobane in the de facto autonomous region of Democratic Federation of Northern Syria.

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Kurdistan Free Life Party

The Kurdistan Free Life Party, or PJAK (Partiya Jiyana Azad a Kurdistanê), is a militant leftist-nationalist, anti-Iranian government group.

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Kyrgyzstan

The Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyz Respublikasy; r; Қирғиз Республикаси.), or simply Kyrgyzstan, and also known as Kirghizia (Kyrgyzstan; r), is a sovereign state in Central Asia.

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Laconia incident

The Laconia incident was a series of events surrounding the sinking of a British troopship in the Atlantic Ocean during World War II and an attack on the subsequent rescue attempts.

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Laghouat prison camp

Laghouat prison camp was a detention centre at Laghouat in Saharan Algeria, maintained during the Second World War by Vichy France and later by the French Committee of National Liberation.

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Landau Commission

Moshe Landau The Landau Commission was a three-man Commission set up by the Israeli Government in 1987 following a long-running scandal over the deaths of two Palestinian prisoners in custody and the wrongful conviction of a Circassian IDF officer.

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Law enforcement in Ethiopia

Law enforcement in Ethiopia is dealt with by the Ethiopian Federal Police at federal level and by regional police commissions in the Regions of Ethiopia.

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Law of war

The law of war is a legal term of art which refers to the aspect of public international law concerning acceptable justifications to engage in war (jus ad bellum) and the limits to acceptable wartime conduct (jus in bello or international humanitarian law).

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Le Molay-Littry

Le Molay-Littry is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France.

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Lebanese prisoners in Israel

Lebanese prisoners in Israel have been a source of contention between Lebanon and Israel and were an issue in the 2006 Lebanon War.

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Lebanese Red Cross

The Lebanese Red Cross (LRC) (الصليب الأحمر اللبناني al-Ṣalīb al-aḥmar al-lubnānī) is a humanitarian organization and an auxiliary team to the medical service of the Lebanese Army.

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LED Incapacitator

The Light Emitting Diode (LED) Incapacitator is a weapon designed like a flashlight.

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Lee Beom-seok (foreign minister)

Lee Bum Suk (1925–1983, revised romanization I Beom-seok) was the Foreign Minister of South Korea from 1982 until his death.

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Legal Advisor (Office for the Administrative Review of the Detention of Enemy Combatants)

A Legal Advisor and an Assistant Legal Advisor were part of the Office for the Administrative Review of Detained Enemy Combatants team tasked to conduct Combatant Status Review Tribunals of captives held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detention camps in Cuba.

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Legal assessments of the Gaza flotilla raid

Many legal assessments of the Gaza flotilla raid were published subsequent to the event.

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Levy Report

The Levy Report (דו״ח לוי), officially called Report on the Legal Status of Building in Judea and Samaria (דו״ח על מעמד הבניה באזור יהודה ושומרון), is an 89-page report on West Bank settlements published on 9 July 2012, authored by a three-member committee headed by former Israeli Supreme Court justice Edmund Levy.

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Liberation of the German-occupied Channel Islands

The Channel Islands were occupied during World War II by German forces from 30 June 1940, until May 1945.

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Libyan Civil War (2011)

The first Libyan Civil War, also referred to as the Libyan Revolution or 17 February Revolution, was an armed conflict in 2011 in the North African country of Libya fought between forces loyal to Colonel Muammar Gaddafi and those seeking to oust his government.

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Lies Agreed Upon

Lies Agreed Upon is a documentary produced by Sri Lanka Ministry of Defence in response to a documentary aired by Channel 4, named Sri Lanka's Killing Fields, about the final weeks of the Sri Lankan Civil War.

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Lilian Mercedes Letona

Lilian Mercedes Letona (September 24, 1954 – August 1, 1983), was a Salvadoran guerrilla and communist revolutionary, member of the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN).

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Linus Pauling

Linus Carl Pauling (February 28, 1901 – August 19, 1994) was an American chemist, biochemist, peace activist, author, educator, and husband of American human rights activist Ava Helen Pauling.

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List of acronyms: I

(Main list of acronyms).

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List of agnostics

Listed here are persons who have identified themselves as theologically agnostic.

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List of airline codes (I)

No description.

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List of airliner shootdown incidents

In the history of commercial aviation, there have been many airliner shootdown incidents which have been caused intentionally or by accident.

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List of alumni of the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies

This is a list of notable alumni of the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (French: Institut de hautes études internationales et du développement, abbreviated IHEID or the Graduate Institute Geneva), a bilingual postgraduate university located in Geneva, Switzerland.

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List of attacks on civilians attributed to Sri Lankan government forces

The following is a list of attacks on civilians attributed to armed groups under the control of the Sri Lankan government - Army, Navy, Air Force, Police and paramilitary groups (Home Guards/Civil Defence Force, EPDP, PLOTE, TMVP etc.). This list does not contain assassinations which are listed in a separate article.

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List of Balzan Prize recipients

This is a list of recipients of the Balzan Prize, one of the world's most prestigious academic awards.

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List of Central Philippine University people

The following is a partial list of notable Central Philippine University people.

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List of cities in Israel

Israeli cities in this list are the cities in Israel, and Israeli settlements with city status in the occupied West Bank; Jerusalem includes occupied East Jerusalem.

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List of civilian casualties in the war in Afghanistan (2009)

List of civilian casualties in the war in Afghanistan in 2009.

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List of concentration and internment camps

This is a list of internment and concentration camps, organized by country.

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List of cultural property of national significance in Switzerland: Geneva

This list contains all cultural property of national significance (class A) in the canton of Geneva from the 2009 Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance.

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List of current Permanent Representatives to the United Nations

This is a list of the current Permanent Representatives to the United Nations at United Nations Headquarters, New York City.

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List of development aid agencies

This is a list of aid agencies which provide regional and international development aid or assistance, divided between national (mainly OECD countries) and international organizations.

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List of diplomatic missions in Iraqi Kurdistan

The page lists diplomatic missions in Iraqi Kurdistan, autonomous region of Iraq.

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List of diplomatic missions of San Marino

The Republic of San Marino maintains an extensive diplomatic network in relation to its diminutive size.

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List of diplomatic missions of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta

This is a list of diplomatic missions of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

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List of Guantanamo Bay detainees

As of May 1, 2018, 40 detainees remain at Guantanamo Bay, according to the Federal government of the United States.

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List of hospitals in Afghanistan

This is a list of hospitals in Afghanistan.

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List of human rights organisations

The following is a list of articles on the human rights organisations of the world.

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List of international organization leaders in 2004

2003 international organization leaders – Events of 2004 – 2005 international organization leaders – International organization leaders by year ---- See also.

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List of international organization leaders in 2005

2004 international organization leaders - Events of 2005 - 2006 international organization leaders - International organization leaders by year ---- See also.

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List of international organization leaders in 2006

2005 international organization leaders – Events of 2006 – 2007 international organization leaders – International organization leaders by year ---- See also.

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List of international organization leaders in 2007

2006 international organization leaders - 2008 international organization leaders - International organization leaders by year ---- See also.

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List of international organization leaders in 2008

2007 international organization leaders - 2009 international organization leaders - International organization leaders by year See also.

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List of international organization leaders in 2009

2008 international organization leaders – Events of 2009 – 2010 international organization leaders – International organization leaders by year ---- See also.

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List of international organization leaders in 2010

2009 international organization leaders - 2011 international organization leaders - International organization leaders by year See also.

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List of international organization leaders in 2011

2010 international organization leaders - 2012 international organization leaders - International organization leaders by year ---- See also.

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List of international organization leaders in 2012

2011 international organization leaders - 2013 international organization leaders - International organization leaders by year ---- See also.

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List of international organization leaders in 2013

2012 international organization leaders - 2014 international organization leaders - International organization leaders by year ---- See also.

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List of international organization leaders in 2014

2013 international organization leaders - 2015 international organization leaders - International organization leaders by year ---- See also.

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List of international organization leaders in 2015

2014 international organization leaders - 2016 international organization leaders - International organization leaders by year ---- See also.

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List of international organization leaders in 2016

2015 international organization leaders - 2017 international organization leaders - International organization leaders by year ---- See also.

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List of international organizations based in Geneva

This is a list of international organizations, UN programs and funds and other organizations based in Geneva, Switzerland.

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List of international presidential trips made by Petro Poroshenko

This is a list of international presidential trips made by Petro Poroshenko, the 5th President of Ukraine.

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List of massacres in China

The following is a list of massacres that have occurred in China (numbers may be approximate or exaggerated).

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List of massacres in Russia

The following is a list of massacres that have occurred in Russia (numbers may be approximate).

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List of massacres in Sri Lanka

The following is a list of massacres that have occurred in Sri Lanka and its predecessors (numbers may be approximate).

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List of material published by WikiLeaks

Since 2006, the document archive website WikiLeaks has published anonymous submissions of documents that are generally unavailable to the general public.

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List of McDonnell Douglas DC-10 operators

The following is a list of all current and past airlines operating the McDonnell Douglas DC-10 as of March 2014.

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List of Nobel laureates

The Nobel Prizes (Nobelpriset, Nobelprisen) are prizes awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Swedish Academy, the Karolinska Institutet, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals and organizations who make outstanding contributions in the fields of chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine.

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List of Nobel Peace Prize laureates

The Norwegian Nobel Committee each year awards the Nobel Peace Prize (Norwegian and Nobels fredspris) "to the person who shall have done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses." It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel (who died in 1896), awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine.

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List of non-governmental organizations in Pakistan

This article is a list of notable domestic and international non-governmental organizations operating in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.

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List of parties to the Geneva Conventions

The Geneva Conventions, which were most recently revised in 1949, consist of seven individual treaties which are open to ratification or accession by any sovereign state.

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List of peace activists

This list of peace activists includes people who have proactively advocated diplomatic, philosophical, and non-military resolution of major territorial or ideological disputes through nonviolent means and methods.

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List of people associated with Anne Frank

Annelies Marie "Anne" Frank (12 June 1929 – February 1945)http://www.annefrank.org/en/Anne-Frank/All-people/Anne-Frank/ was a German-born Jewish girl who, along with her family and four other people, hid in the second and third floor rooms at the back of her father's Amsterdam company during the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands.

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List of Permanent Representatives of the United Kingdom to the United Nations in Geneva

The United Kingdom's Permanent Representative to the United Nations and Other International Organisations in Geneva is the United Kingdom's Permanent Representative to the United Nations Office at Geneva and other international organisations based in Geneva including the World Trade Organisation, the International Organization for Migration, the International Committee of the Red Cross and other non-governmental organizations.

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List of presidential trips made by Joachim Gauck

This is a list of presidential visits to foreign countries made by Joachim Gauck, the former President of Germany.

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List of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is the world's largest group of humanitarian non-governmental organizations.

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List of shipwrecks in April 1917

The list of shipwrecks in April 1917 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during April 1917.

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List of shipwrecks in April 1941

The list of shipwrecks in April 1941 includes all ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during April 1941.

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List of shipwrecks in April 1944

The list of shipwrecks in April 1944 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during April 1944.

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List of shipwrecks in August 1918

The list of shipwrecks in August 1918 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during August 1918.

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List of shipwrecks in August 1941

The list of shipwrecks in August 1941 includes all ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during August 1941.

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List of shipwrecks in August 1945

The list of shipwrecks in August 1945 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during August 1945.

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List of shipwrecks in December 1915

The list of shipwrecks in December 1915 includes some ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during December 1915.

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List of shipwrecks in February 1916

The list of shipwrecks in February 1916 includes some ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during February 1916.

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List of shipwrecks in February 1918

The list of shipwrecks in February 1918 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during February 1918.

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List of shipwrecks in January 1918

The list of shipwrecks in January 1918 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during January 1918.

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List of shipwrecks in January 1945

The list of shipwrecks in January 1945 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during January 1945.

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List of shipwrecks in July 1943

The list of shipwrecks in July 1943 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during July 1943.

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List of shipwrecks in June 1918

The list of shipwrecks in June 1918 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during June 1918.

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List of shipwrecks in June 1940

The list of shipwrecks in June 1940 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during June 1940.

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List of shipwrecks in March 1916

The list of shipwrecks in March 1916 includes some ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during March 1916.

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List of shipwrecks in March 1917

The list of shipwrecks in March 1917 includes some ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during March 1917.

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List of shipwrecks in March 1941

The list of shipwrecks in March 1941 includes all ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during March 1941.

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List of shipwrecks in May 1917

The list of shipwrecks in May 1917 includes some ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during May 1917.

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List of shipwrecks in May 1940

The list of shipwrecks in May 1940 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during May 1940.

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List of shipwrecks in May 1942

The list of shipwrecks in May 1942 includes all ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during May 1942.

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List of shipwrecks in May 1943

The list of shipwrecks in May 1943 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during May 1943.

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List of shipwrecks in November 1915

The list of shipwrecks in November 1915 includes some ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during November 1915.

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List of shipwrecks in November 1916

The list of shipwrecks in November 1916 includes some ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during November 1916.

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List of shipwrecks in November 1941

The list of shipwrecks in November 1941 includes all ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during November 1941.

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List of shipwrecks in November 1943

The list of shipwrecks in November 1943 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during November 1943.

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List of shipwrecks in November 1944

The list of shipwrecks in November 1944 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during November 1944.

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List of shipwrecks in October 1914

The list of shipwrecks in October 1914 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during October 1914.

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List of shipwrecks in October 1916

The list of shipwrecks in October 1916 includes some ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during October 1916.

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List of shipwrecks in October 1943

The list of shipwrecks in October 1943 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during October 1943.

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List of shipwrecks in September 1942

The list of shipwrecks in September 1942 includes all ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during September 1942.

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List of shipwrecks in September 1943

The list of shipwrecks in 1943 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during 1943.

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List of Swiss inventors and discoverers

This is a list of Swiss inventors and discoverers.

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List of Syrian Armenians

This is a list of some famous Armenians in Syria.

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List of terrorist incidents in 1996

This is a timeline of incidents in 1996 that have been labelled as "terrorism" and are not believed to have been carried out by a government or its forces (see state terrorism and state-sponsored terrorism).

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List of terrorist incidents in May 2017

This is a timeline of terrorist attacks which took place in May 2017, including attacks by violent non-state actors for political, religious, or ideological motives.

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List of trips made by Secretary-General of the United Nations Ban Ki-moon

This is a list of trips made by UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon.

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List of U.S. Department of Defense code names

This is an incomplete list of U.S. Department of Defense code names primarily the two-word series variety.

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List of uniformed groups in Singapore schools

This is a list of uniformed groups (UGs) in secondary schools in Singapore.

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List of Vanity Fair (British magazine) caricatures (1875–79)

>> List of ''Vanity Fair'' caricatures (1880-84) The following is from a list of caricatures published 1875-79 by the British magazine Vanity Fair (1868–1914).

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List of violent incidents in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, January–June 2015

This is a list of individual incidents and statistical breakdowns of incidents of violence, including civilians killed or injured during protests, Israeli search-and-arrest operations, traffic incidents involving both parties whether deliberate or from as yet unknown causes, property damage and expropriation, involving a violation of rights, taking place between Israel and Palestinians in 2015 as part of the ongoing Israeli–Palestinian conflict, but exclusive of particular events that fall within the parameters of any full outbreak of war hostilities.

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List of violent incidents in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, July–December 2015

List of violent events related to the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict occurring in the second half of 2015.

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List of youth organisations in Singapore

This lists youth organisations in Singapore.

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List of youth organizations

The following is a list of youth organizations.

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Lithuanian Red Cross Society

The Lithuanian Red Cross Society was founded in 1919.

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Ljubica Luković

Ljubica Luković (Љубица Луковић) (1858-1915) was a Serbian nurse, social worker, teacher, translator and president of the Circle of Serbian Sisters.

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Ljudevit Jurak

Ljudevit Jurak (October 6, 1881 – June 9, 1945) was a Croatian professor of pathology who was executed by the Yugoslav government for his research into the Vinnytsia massacre.

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Lockheed C-130 Hercules in Australian service

The Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) has operated forty-eight Lockheed C-130 Hercules transport aircraft.

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Lokichogio

Lokichogio (also Lokichoggio or Lokichokio), is a town in the Turkana District, northwest of Kenya.

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Looting

Looting, also referred to as sacking, ransacking, plundering, despoiling, despoliation, and pillaging, is the indiscriminate taking of goods by force as part of a military or political victory, or during a catastrophe, such as war, natural disaster (where law and civil enforcement are temporarily ineffective), or rioting.

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Louis Appia

Louis Paul Amédée Appia (13 October 1818 - 1 May 1898) was a Swiss surgeon with special merit in the area of military medicine.

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Louis Arthur Grimes School of Law

Louis Arthur Grimes School of Law is the law school of the University of Liberia in Monrovia, Liberia.

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Lucile Petry Leone

Lucile Petry Leone (January 23, 1902 – November 25, 1999) was an American nurse who was the founding director of the Cadet Nurse Corps in 1943.

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Lucy M. Hall

Lucy Mabel Hall (later, Lucy Hall-Brown; November 1843 - August 1, 1907) was an American physician and writer.

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Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement

The Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement attempted to end the Second Congo War through a ceasefire, release of prisoners of war, and the deployment of an international peacekeeping force under the auspices of the United Nations.

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Ma'ale Adumim

Ma'ale Adumim (מַעֲלֵה אֲדֻמִּים, معالي أدوميم) is an urban Israeli settlement and a city in the West Bank, seven kilometers from Jerusalem.

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Magen David Adom

The Magen David Adom (✡; מגן דוד אדום, abbr. MDA, pronounced MAH-dah per its Hebrew acronym, מד"א) is Israel's national emergency medical, disaster, ambulance and blood bank service.

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Mahmud Khudoiberdiyev

Colonel Mahmud Khudoiberdiyev (Tajik:Маҳмуд Худойбердиев; October 18, 1964 - 2001?) was a rebel leader in Tajikistan who, while initially an ally of Tajik President Emomali Rahmon, became an opposition figuere later on in his life.

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Mail privileges of Guantanamo Bay detainees

There have been mixed reports of the limits on Guantanamo detainees' mail privileges.

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Majid Khan (detainee)

Majid Shoukat Khan (born 28 February 1980) is the only known legal resident of the United States who is held in the Guantanamo Bay detainment camps.

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Malaysian Red Crescent Society

The Malaysian Red Crescent (MRC) (Bulan Sabit Merah Malaysia) is a voluntary humanitarian organization that seeks to promote humanitarian values, as well as provide service and public education in disaster management, and health and care in the community.

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Maldivian Red Crescent

The Maldivian Red Crescent (MRC) (Dhivehi: ދިވެހި ރެޑް ކްރެސެންޓް, Dhivehi Red Crescent) is an independent, volunteer, non-profit, humanitarian organization established in the Maldives by virture of the Maldivian Red Crescent Act (Dhivehi: ދިވެހި ރެޑް ކްރެސެންޓްގެ ޤާނޫން, Dhivehi Red Crescent'ge Gaanoonu) Law No: 7/2009 With the birth of the national society in the Maldives, all activities in the last quarter of 2009 was focused on its formation (developing its structures, capacities and programmes) and recognition within the community (be responsive to national vulnerabilities).

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Malini Subramaniam

Malini Subramaniam (ca. 1964 &ndash), an Indian human rights activist, former head of the Chhattisgarh chapter of the International Committee of the Red Cross, and a freelance journalist from India for internet based Scroll.in; specialized on reporting about human rights abuses from where she lived in the vicinity of Jagdalpur city in the Bastar district of the Chhattisgarh state.

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Manjača camp

Manjača camp (pronounced:Mañacha) was a concentration camp which was located on mount Manjača near the city of Banja Luka in northern Bosnia and Herzegovina during the Bosnian War and the Croatian War of Independence from 1991 to 1995.

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Manouchehr Ganji

Manouchehr Ganji (Persian: منوچهر گنجی) is a human rights activist and a former Minister of Education of Iran from 1976 until 1979.

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Map of the Problematique

"Map of the Problematique" is a song by English alternative rock band Muse, released as the fifth single from their fourth studio album Black Holes and Revelations on 18 June 2007 as a digital download only.

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Mapenduma hostage crisis

The Mapenduma hostage crisis began on 8 January 1996 after the Free Papua Movement (Organisasi Papua Merdeka, (OPM)) took 26 members of a World Wildlife Fund research mission captive at Mapenduma, Jayawijaya in Irian Jaya (now Papua Province), Indonesia.

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Mar-a-Lago

Mar-a-Lago is a resort and National Historic Landmark in Palm Beach, Florida, built from 1924 to 1927 by cereal-company heiress and socialite Marjorie Merriweather Post.

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Marcel André Boisard

Marcel A. Boisard (born Geneva 1939) is a Swiss intellectual and diplomat.

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Marcel Junod

Marcel Junod (May 14, 1904 – June 16, 1961) was a Swiss doctor and one of the most accomplished field delegates in the history of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC).

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March 1936

The following events occurred in March 1936.

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Marga Ortigas

Margarita Ortigas (generally known as Marga Ortigas) is a writer and media communications consultant who previously worked as a correspondent for Al Jazeera English.

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Margaret Bucknell Pecorini

Margaret Bucknell Pecorini (1879–1963) was an American painter.

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Marguerite Frick-Cramer

Marguerite Frick-Cramer (28 December 1887 – 22 October 1963), born Renée-Marguerite Cramer, was a Swiss historian.

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Mariampillai Sarathjeevan

Mariampillai Thaddeus Sarathjeevan (May 13, 1968 - May 18, 2009) was a catholic priest from Jaffna, Sri Lanka.

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Mario Jeckle

Mario Jeckle (25 August 1974 – 11 June 2004) was a German computer scientist.

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Marion Cothren

Marion Benedict Cothren (1880–1949) was an American suffrage and peace activist, lawyer, and children's author.

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Mark Danner

Mark David Danner (born November 10, 1958) is an American writer, journalist, and educator.

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Mark Jansen

Mark Jansen, (born 15 December 1978 in Reuver, Netherlands), is a Dutch guitarist, vocalist, and songwriter.

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Mark Vella Tomlin

Mark Vella Tomlin (7 January 1959 – 10 July 2009), a Maltese national, worked as an airline pilot with Medavia between 1993 and July 2008 when he stopped working for health reasons.

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Marlag und Milag Nord

Marlag und Milag Nord was a Second World War German prisoner-of-war camp complex for men of the British Merchant Navy and Royal Navy.

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Marquesa del Ter

Lilly Rose Cabrera, Marquise of Ter and Countess of Morella (1864–29 April 1936), known as the Marquesa del Ter, was the wife of the 2nd and 2nd Count of Morella, Ramón Cabrera y Richards.

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Martens Clause

The Martens Clause (pronounced) was introduced into the preamble to the 1899 Hague Convention II – Laws and Customs of War on Land.

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Martin Bodmer

Martin Bodmer (November 13, 1899 – March 22, 1971) was a Swiss bibliophile, scholar and collector.

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Martin Luther King Jr.

Martin Luther King Jr. (January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968) was an American Baptist minister and activist who became the most visible spokesperson and leader in the civil rights movement from 1954 until his death in 1968.

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Mass graves from Soviet mass executions

Mass graves in the Soviet Union were used for the burial of mass numbers of citizens and foreigners executed by the government of the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin.

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Maurice Gehri

Maurice Gehri (born? died?) was a Swiss and in 1921 the Delegate of the International Committee of the Red Cross during the Gemlik-Yalova Peninsula massacres.

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Maurice Machenbaum

Maurice Machenbaum of Switzerland (born August 7, 1970) was the appointed treasurer of the World Scout Committee, the main executive body of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, from 2007 to 2013.

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Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp complex

The Mauthausen–Gusen concentration camp complex consisted of the Mauthausen concentration camp on a hill above the market town of Mauthausen (roughly east of Linz, Upper Austria) plus a group of nearly 100 further subcamps located throughout Austria and southern Germany.

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Max Huber (statesman)

Hans Max Huber (born 28 December 1874 in Zürich – died 1 January 1960 in Zürich) was a Swiss lawyer and diplomat who represented Switzerland at a series of international conferences and institutions.

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Max Wallace

Max Wallace is a Canadian journalist and historian specializing in the Holocaust, human rights in sport, and popular culture.

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Maxim Dondyuk

Maxim Dondyuk (Максим Дондюк; born 1983 in Ukraine) is a photographer and visual artist.

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May 1968

The following events occurred in May 1968.

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May 1998 Afghanistan earthquake

An earthquake occurred in northern Afghanistan on 30 May 1998, at 06:22 UTC in the Takhar Province with a moment magnitude of 6.5 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII (Very strong).

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Médecins Sans Frontières

Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF; pronounced), also known in English as Doctors Without Borders, is an international humanitarian medical non-governmental organisation (NGO) of French origin best known for its projects in conflict zones and in countries affected by endemic diseases.

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Medical Assistant (Royal Navy)

The Medical Assistant.

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Medical neutrality

Medical Neutrality refers to a principle of noninterference with medical services in times of armed conflict and civil unrest: physicians must be allowed to care for the sick and wounded, and soldiers must receive care regardless of their political affiliations; all parties must refrain from attacking and misusing medical facilities, transport, and personnel.

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Medical torture

Medical torture describes the involvement of, or sometimes instigation by, medical personnel in acts of torture, either to judge what victims can endure, to apply treatments which will enhance torture, or as torturers in their own right.

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Memory of the World Register – International Organizations

The first inscriptions on the UNESCO Memory of the World Register were made in 1997.

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Meulaboh

Meulaboh (or Moulabouh) was the capital of West Aceh Regency, Indonesia, as of July 8, 2013 is an independent city Kota.

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Mevlud Meladze

Mevlud Meladze (მევლუდ მელაძე) (born 5 September 1972) is Georgia's best known motorsports promoter and road safety activist, the founder and vice-president of the Georgian AutoSport Federation, a non-profit association that represents the interests of motoring organisations and car users in Georgia.

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Mexican Red Cross

The Mexican Red Cross is a non-governmental humanitarian assistance organization affiliated with the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies to help those in dangerous situations, such as natural disasters, as well as providing human health services.

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Michael Durant

Michael J. "Mike" Durant (born July 23, 1961) is an American pilot and author.

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Michael N. Schmitt

Michael N. Schmitt is an American law scholar specializing in international humanitarian law, use of force issues, and the international law applicable to cyberspace.

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Michel Comte

Michel Comte (born February 19, 1954 in Zürich, Switzerland) is a filmmaker and a fashion, portrait photographer.

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Mikhaylo Parashchuk

Mikhaylo Parashchuk (Михайло Паращук; Михайло Парашчук; 16 November 1878 – 24 December 1963) was a Ukrainian sculptor who was active in Bulgaria from 1921 to his death.

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Miklós Horthy

Miklós Horthy de Nagybánya (Vitéz"Vitéz" refers to a Hungarian knightly order founded by Miklós Horthy ("Vitézi Rend"); literally, "vitéz" means "knight" or "valiant".;; English: Nicholas Horthy; Nikolaus Horthy Ritter von Nagybánya; 18 June 18689 February 1957) was a Hungarian admiral and statesman, who became the Regent of Hungary.

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Milena Rudnytska

Milena Rudnytska (Мілена Рудницька: 15 July 1892 – 29 March 1979) was a Ukrainian educator, women's activist, politician and writer.

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Military occupation

Military occupation is effective provisional control by a certain ruling power over a territory which is not under the formal sovereignty of that entity, without the violation of the actual sovereign.

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Mine action

Mine action is a domain within humanitarian aid and development studies concerned with activities which aim to reduce the social, economic and environmental impact of landmines and the explosive remnants of war (ERW).

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Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Azerbaijan

The Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Azerbaijan is the Azerbaijani government ministry, associated with the Azerbaijani military.

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Minnesota Protocol

The Minnesota Protocol on the Investigation of Potentially Unlawful Death (2016) is a set of international guidelines for the investigation of suspicious deaths, particularly those in which the responsibility of a State is suspected (either as a result of act or omission).

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Mirpur, Pakistan

Mirpur (Urdu, Punjabi: مِيرپُور), more commonly known as New Mirpur City, is the capital of Mirpur district and is the second largest city of Azad Kashmir after Muzaffarabad.

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Mirwais Hospital

The Mirwais Hospital is a hospital in Kandahar, Afghanistan.

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Missing in action

Missing in action (MIA) is a casualty classification assigned to combatants, military chaplains, combat medics, and prisoners of war who are reported missing during wartime or ceasefire.

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Missing person

A missing person is a person who has disappeared and whose status as alive or dead cannot be confirmed as his or her location and fate are not known.

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Moazzam Begg

Moazzam Begg (مُعَظّم بیگ; born 1968 in Sparkhill, Birmingham) is a British Pakistani who was held in extrajudicial detention by the US government in the Bagram Theater Internment Facility and the Guantanamo Bay detainment camp, in Cuba, for nearly three years.

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Modi'in Illit

Modi'in Illit (מוֹדִיעִין עִלִּית; موديعين عيليت, lit. "Upper Modi'in") is a Haredi Israeli settlement and city in the West Bank, situated midway between Jerusalem and Tel Aviv.

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Mohamedou Ould Slahi

Mohamedou Ould Slahi (born December 21, 1970) is a Mauritanian who was detained at Guantánamo Bay detention camp without charge from 2002 until his release on October 17, 2016.

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Mohammad Javad Tondguyan

Mohammad Javad Bagher Tondguyan (محمدجواد تندگویان; 16 June 1950 – 16 December 1991) was an Iranian engineer and petroleum minister under Prime Minister Mohammad-Ali Rajai from 2 September to 3 November 1980 when he was captured by the Iraqi forces in November 1980 during Iran-Iraq war.

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Mohammad Najibullah

Najibullah Ahmadzai (ډاکټر نجیب ﷲ احمدزی; February 1947 – 27 September 1996), commonly known as Najibullah or Dr.

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Mohammed Bin Ahmad Mizouz

Mohammed Mizouz is a citizen of Morocco who was held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba.

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Mohammed Sulaymon Barre

Mohamed Saleban Bare (known to the Pentagon as Mohammed Sulaymon Barre) (born December 27, 1964) is a Somali refugee who was held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba.

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Monte-Carlo Television Festival

The Festival de Télévision de Monte-Carlo is an international festival and competition focusing on productions for television, founded 1961 and based in Monaco.

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Montreux Document

The Montreux Document is an agreement between signature countries obligations regarding private military and security companies in war zones.

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Monument to Canadian Aid Workers

The Monument to Canadian Aid Workers (French: Monument commémoratif de l'aide humanitaire canadienne) is a monument in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

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Moscow theater hostage crisis

The Moscow theater hostage crisis (also known as the 2002 Nord-Ost siege) was the seizure of a crowded Dubrovka Theater by 40 to 50 armed Chechens on 23 October 2002 that involved 850 hostages and ended with the death of at least 170 people.

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Mother's Day

Mother's Day is a celebration honoring the mother of the family, as well as motherhood, maternal bonds, and the influence of mothers in society.

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Mothers' Bus attack

The Mothers’ Bus attack refers to the 1988 hijacking of an Israeli civilian bus carrying workers to the Negev Nuclear Research Center.

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Mountain War (Lebanon)

The Mountain War (حرب الجبل | Harb al-Jabal), also known as the War of the Mountain and Guerre de la Montagne in French, was a subconflict between the 1982–83 phase of the Lebanese Civil War and the 1984–89 phase of the Lebanese Civil War, which occurred at the mountainous Chouf District located south-east of the Lebanese Capital Beirut.

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MS Gripsholm (1924)

MS Gripsholm was an ocean liner, built in 1924 by Armstrong Whitworth in Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England, for the Swedish American Line for use in the Gothenburg-New York City run.

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Mubariz Ibrahimov

Mubariz Aghakerim oglu Ibrahimov (Mübariz Ağakərim oğlu İbrahimov) (February 7, 1988, Əliabad, Bilasuvar Rayon, Azerbaijan - June 19, 2010, Çaylı, Tartar Rayon, Azerbaijan) was an Azerbaijani Warrant Officer and National Hero of Azerbaijan.

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Muhammad al-Qiq

Muhammad al-Qiq or Mohammed al-Qeeq (محمد القيق) is a Palestinian Journalist, Correspondent and reporter at the Saudi News Agency Almajd TV Network.

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Murad Mirzayev

Murad Mirzayev (Murad Mirzəyev, 31 March 1976 – 3 April 2016) was an Azerbaijani officer, lieutenant colonel of Special Forces of Azerbaijan, National Hero of Azerbaijan.

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Mustafa Dirani

Mustafa Dirani (مصطفى الديراني) was a member and held position of "the head of security" of the Amal movement in Lebanon associated with Syria.

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Myanmar Red Cross Society

Myanmar Red Cross Society (MRCS) was founded in 1937 and it was earlier called Burma Red Cross.

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Myingyan Prison

Myingyan Prison in Myingyan District was known as the most infamous detention center among Burma's political prisoners for its atrocities from early 1990s to October 1999 when the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) was granted an access to the prison.

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Nadiya Savchenko

Nadiya Viktorivna Savchenko (Надія Вікторівна Савченко; born 11 May 1981) is a Ukrainian politician and former Army aviation pilot in the Ukrainian Ground Forces.

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Nagorno-Karabakh War

The Nagorno-Karabakh War was an ethnic and territorial conflict that took place in the late 1980s to May 1994, in the enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh in southwestern Azerbaijan, between the majority ethnic Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh backed by the Republic of Armenia, and the Republic of Azerbaijan.

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Naguleswaram temple

Keerimalai Naguleswaram temple (கீரிமலை நகுலேஸ்வரம் கோயில்), historically known also as the Thirutambaleswaram Kovil of Keerimalai, is a famous Hindu temple in Keerimalai, located north of Jaffna, Northern Province, Sri Lanka in the suburb of Kankesanthurai.

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Nan Chiau High School

Nan Chiau High School (NCHS) is a premier co-educational institution in Singapore affiliated to Singapore Hokkien Huay Kuan.

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National Commission on the Disappearance of Persons

National Commission on the Disappearance of Persons (Spanish: Comisión Nacional sobre la Desaparición de Personas, CONADEP) was an Argentine organization created by President Raúl Alfonsín on 15 December 1983, shortly after his inauguration, to investigate the fate of the desaparecidos (victims of forced disappearance) and other human rights violations (see: Dirty War) performed during the military dictatorship known as the National Reorganization Process between 1976 and 1983.

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National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2012

The National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for Fiscal Year 2012 is a United States federal law which besides other provisions specifies the budget and expenditures of the United States Department of Defense.

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National Liberation Army (Colombia)

The National Liberation Army (Spanish: Ejército de Liberación Nacional, ELN) is an armed group involved in the continuing Colombian armed conflict, Official Journal of the European Union.

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National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad

The National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad or the Azawad National Liberation Movement (Tamasheq: ⵜⴰⵏⴾⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵙⵜ ⴹ ⴰⵙⵍⴰⵍⵓ ⵏ ⴰⵣⴰⵓⴷ, الحركة الوطنية لتحرير أزواد al-Ḥarakat al-Waṭaniyat Litaḥrīr ʾĀzawād, Mouvement national de libération de l'Azawad; MNLA), formerly the National Movement of Azawad (Mouvement national de l'Azawad; MNA), is a political and military organisation based in Azawad in northern Mali.

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National Penitentiary Institute (Peru)

The National Penitentiary Institute of Peru (Instituto Nacional Penitenciario, INPE) is the government agency charged with incarcerating convicts and suspects charged with crimes.

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Navaly church bombing

The Navaly Church bombing was the bombing of the Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul in Navaly (or Navali) in the Jaffna peninsula by the Sri Lankan Air Force during the Sri Lankan Civil War.

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Nepal Red Cross Society

Nepal Red Cross Society (NRCS)(Devnagari: नेपाल रेडक्रस सोसाइटी) is an independent, volunteer based and nonprofit- humanitarian organization that delivers humanitarian service and support to the vulnerable people in an impartial and neutral manner.

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Neve Daniel

Neve Daniel (נְוֵה דָּנִיֵּאל) is an Israeli settlement in the West Bank.

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New Farm Park

New Farm Park is a heritage-listed public park at 137 Sydney Street, New Farm, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

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New Zealand Red Cross

New Zealand Red Cross or Ripeka Whero Aotearoa is a humanitarian organisation, which has more than 15,000 members and volunteers.

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Nick Danziger

Nick Danziger (born 22 April 1958) is a British photographer, film maker and travel writer.

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Nicolae Petrescu-Comnen

Nicolae Petrescu-Comnen (Gallicized as Petresco-Comnène, Petrescu-Comnène or N. P. Comnène, born Nicolae Petrescu; August 24, 1881 – December 8, 1958) was a Romanian diplomat, politician and social scientist, who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs in the Miron Cristea cabinet (between May 1938 and January 31, 1939).

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Niels Christian Ditleff

Niels Christian Ditleff (29 October 1881 – 18 June 1956) was a Norwegian diplomat noted for his humanitarian efforts on behalf of refugees from Nazi Germany.

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Nikolai Velyaminov

Nikolai Alexandrovich Velyaminov (Николай Александрович Вельяминов) (February 27 (O.S. February 15), 1855 in Saint Petersburg – April 9, 1920 in Petrograd) was a Russian surgeon and public figure noted for improving the state of medical treatment in the Imperial Russian Army.

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Nils Melzer

Professor Nils Melzer is an expert, author and practitioner in the field of international law.

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No Horses

"No Horses" is a 2017 stand-alone single released by alternative rock band Garbage, and was recorded and released to coincide with the band's co-headlining Rage and Rapture tour with Blondie, as well as the release of the bands coffee table book This Is the Noise That Keeps Me Awake.

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No quarter

In war, a victor gives no quarter (or takes no prisoners) when the victor shows no clemency or mercy and refuses to spare the life of a vanquished opponent in return for their surrender at discretion (unconditional surrender).

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Nobel Peace Prize

The Nobel Peace Prize (Swedish, Norwegian: Nobels fredspris) is one of the five Nobel Prizes created by the Swedish industrialist, inventor, and armaments manufacturer Alfred Nobel, along with the prizes in Chemistry, Physics, Physiology or Medicine, and Literature.

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Nobel Prize

The Nobel Prize (Swedish definite form, singular: Nobelpriset; Nobelprisen) is a set of six annual international awards bestowed in several categories by Swedish and Norwegian institutions in recognition of academic, cultural, or scientific advances.

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Nofei Prat

Nofei Prat (נוֹפֵי פְּרָת, lit. Prat Scenes) is an Israeli settlement organized as a community settlement in the West Bank.

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Nong Chan Refugee Camp

Nong Chan Refugee Camp, located in Nong Chan Village, Khok Sung District, Sa Kaeo Province, Thailand, was one of the earliest organized refugee camps on the Thai-Cambodian border, where thousands of Khmer refugees sought food and health care after fleeing the Vietnamese invasion of Democratic Kampuchea in 1979.

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Nong Samet Refugee Camp

Nong Samet Refugee Camp (ค่ายผู้อพยพหนองเสม็ด, also known as 007, Rithisen or Rithysen), located in Nong Samet Village, Khok Sung District, Sa Kaeo Province, Thailand, was one of the largest refugee camps on the Thai-Cambodian border and served as a power base for the Khmer People's National Liberation Front (KPNLF) until its destruction by the Vietnamese military in late 1984.

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Norley

Norley is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England.

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North Korea at the 2012 Summer Paralympics

North Korea made its Paralympic Games début at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London, United Kingdom, from August 29 to September 9.

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North Korea at the Paralympics

North Korea made its Paralympic Games début at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London, sending a single wildcard representative (Rim Ju-song, a left arm and left leg amputee) to compete in swimming.

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Northern Alliance

The Afghan Northern Alliance, officially known as the United Islamic Front for the Salvation of Afghanistan (جبهه متحد اسلامی ملی برای نجات افغانستان Jabha-yi Muttahid-i Islāmi-yi Millī barāyi Nijāt-i Afghānistān), was a united military front that came to formation in late 1996 after the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (Taliban) took over Kabul.

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Northern Rakhine State clashes

A series of violent clashes have been ongoing in the northern part of Myanmar's Rakhine State since October 2016.

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Northern Theater of Eelam War IV

The Northern Theater of Eelam War IV refers to the fighting that took place in the northern province of Sri Lanka between July 2006 and May 18, 2009.

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Notre Dame Broadcasting Corporation

Notre Dame Broadcasting Corporation (NDBC) is a radio network based in Kidapawan; it is an affiliate of Catholic Media Network.

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November 1915

The following events occurred in November 1915.

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Nuclear weapon

A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reactions, either fission (fission bomb) or from a combination of fission and fusion reactions (thermonuclear bomb).

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Nuremberg principles

The Nuremberg principles were a set of guidelines for determining what constitutes a war crime.

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October 1910

The following events occurred in October 1910.

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October 1914

The following events occurred in October 1914.

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October 29

No description.

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Oflag IX-C

Oflag IX-C was a German prisoner-of-war camp for officers (Offizierlager) during World War II, located just to the south of the village of Molsdorf, near Erfurt in Thuringia.

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Oflag XIII-B

Oflag XIII-B was a German Army World War II prisoner-of-war camp for officers (Offizierslager), originally in the Langwasser district of Nuremberg.

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Oflag XVII-A

Oflag XVII-A was a German Army World War II prisoner-of-war camp for officers (Offizierlager) located between the villages of Edelbach and Döllersheim in the district of Zwettl in the Waldviertel region of north-eastern Austria.

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Ofra

Ofra (עֹפְרָה) is an Israeli settlement located in the northern West Bank.

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Oleśnica Castle

Oleśnica Castle (Zamek oleśnicki) is a castle in Oleśnica, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, southwestern Poland.

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Olga Álava

Olga Mercedes Álava Vargas (born February 14, 1988) is an Ecuadorian model, social, lifestyle entrepreneur, environmentalist and beauty queen.

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Olha Basarab

Olha Basarab (Ольга Михайлівна Басараб September 1, 1889 - February 12, 1924) was a Ukrainian political activist and member of the Ukrainian Military Organization who conducted both charitable and humanitarian work that was recognized by the International Red Cross, as well as military or intelligence work on behalf of the Ukrainian underground.

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Omara Portuondo

Omara Portuondo Peláez (born 29 October 1930) is a Cuban singer and dancer.

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Operation Bringing Home the Goods

Operation Bringing Home the Goods (מבצע הבאת ביכורים, Mivtza Hava'at Bikurim) was a raid launched by the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) on March 14, 2006 on a Palestinian prison in Jericho.

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Operation Dragon King

Operation Dragon King, known officially as Operation Nagamin (နဂါးမင်း စစ်ဆင်ရေး) and sometimes translated as the King Dragon operation, was a military operation carried out by the Tatmadaw and immigration officials in northern Arakan, Burma (present-day Rakhine State, Myanmar), during the socialist rule of Ne Win.

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Operation Emmanuel

Operation Emmanuel (Operación Emmanuel) was a humanitarian operation that rescued politician Clara Rojas, her son Emmanuel (born in captivity), and former senator Consuelo González from the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in Colombia.

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Operation Grandslam

Operation Grandslam or Operation Grand Slam was an offensive undertaken by United Nations peacekeeping forces from 28 December 1962 to 15 January 1963 against the gendarmerie (military) of the State of Katanga, a secessionist state rebelling against the Republic of the Congo in central Africa.

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Operation Jaque

Operation Jaque (Operación Jaque), named after the first letter of the month of the operation, July, and referencing check in chess, was a Colombian military operation that resulted in the successful rescue of 15 hostages, including former Colombian presidential candidate Íngrid Betancourt.

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Operation Kiebitz

Operation Kiebitz was a failed German operation during World War II to organize the escape of four skilled U-boat commanders from a Canadian prisoner of war camp in Bowmanville, Ontario.

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Operation Pillar of Defense

Operation Pillar of Defense (עַמּוּד עָנָן, ʿAmúd ʿAnán, literally: "Pillar of Cloud") was an eight-day Israel Defense Forces (IDF) operation in the Hamas-governed Gaza Strip, which began on 14 November 2012 with the killing of Ahmed Jabari, chief of the Gaza military wing of Hamas by an Israeli airstrike.

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Operation Red Dawn

Operation Red Dawn was an American military operation conducted on 13 December 2003 in the town of ad-Dawr, Iraq, near Tikrit, that led to the capture of Iraqi president Saddam Hussein.

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Operation Scorched Earth

Operation Scorched Earth (Arabic: عملية الأرض المحروقة) was the code-name of a Yemeni military offensive in the northern Saada Governorate that began in August 2009, marking the fifth wave of violence in an ongoing insurgency pitting the Zaidi Shia Houthis against the government.

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Optional Protocol on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict

The Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict (OPAC), also known as the child soldier treaty, is a multilateral treaty whereby states agree to: 1) prohibit the conscription into the military of children under the age of 18; 2) ensure that military recruits are no younger than 16; and 3) prevent recruits aged 16 or 17 from taking a direct part in hostilities. The treaty also forbids non-state armed groups from recruiting anyone under the age of 18 for any purpose. The United Nations General Assembly adopted the treaty as a supplementary protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child by resolution 54/263 on 25 May 2000. The protocol came into force on 12 February 2002. As of February 2018, 167 states were party to the protocol and a further 13 states had signed but not ratified it.

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Oren Hazan

Oren Asaf Hazan (אורן אסף חזן) is an Israeli politician.

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Oscar Broneer

Oscar Theodore Broneer (December 28, 1894 – February 22, 1992) was a prominent Swedish American educator and archaeologist known in particular for his work on Ancient Greece.

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Osman Ali Atto

Osman Hassan Ali Atto (1940 – August 5, 2013), also spelled Ato, was a controversial Somali businessman.

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Other Losses

Other Losses is a 1989 book by Canadian writer James Bacque, in which Bacque alleges that U.S. General Dwight Eisenhower intentionally caused the deaths by starvation or exposure of around a million German prisoners of war held in Western internment camps briefly after the Second World War.

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Otniel

Otniel (עָתְנִיאֵל) is a Jewish Orthodox Israeli settlement in the West Bank.

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Ottawa Treaty

The Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction, known informally as the Ottawa Treaty, the Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention, or often simply the Mine Ban Treaty, aims at eliminating anti-personnel landmines (AP-mines) around the world.

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Ottó Komoly

Otto Komoly (also known as Nathan Kohn) (26 March 1892 – 1 January 1945) was a Hungarian Jewish engineer, officer, zionist, and humanitarian leader in Hungary.

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Outline of Burundi

The location of Burundi An enlargeable map of the Republic of Burundi The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Burundi: The Republic of Burundi is a small sovereign country located in the Great Lakes region of Africa.

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Outline of Geneva

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Geneva: Geneva –.

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Outline of the State of Palestine

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the State of Palestine: Palestine is politically under the jurisdiction of the Palestinian government and the Hamas Government in Gaza.

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Oxford spelling

Oxford spelling (also Oxford English Dictionary spelling, Oxford style, or Oxford English spelling) is the spelling standard used by the Oxford University Press (OUP) for British publications, including its Oxford English Dictionary (OED) and its influential British style guide Hart's Rules, and by other publishers who are "etymology conscious", according to Merriam-Webster.

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P. K. Sethi

Pramod Karan Sethi (28 November 1927 – 6 January 2008) was an Indian orthopaedic surgeon.

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Pacifism

Pacifism is opposition to war, militarism, or violence.

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Padahuthurai bombing

The Padahuthurai bombing or Illuppaikadavai bombing happened on January 2, 2007, when the Sri Lanka Air Force bombed what they claimed to be rebel LTTE naval base in Illuppaikadavai in Northern Sri Lanka.

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Palacio de Buenavista

Buenavista Palace (El Palacio de Buenavista or El Palacio de los Condes de Buenavista, "the palace of the counts of Buenavista") is a historical edifice in Málaga, Andalusia, Spain.

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Palestine Red Crescent Society

The Palestine Red Crescent Society was founded in 1968, by Fathi Arafat, Yasser Arafat's brother.

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Palestinian prisoners of Israel

Palestinian prisoners of Israel (or as used by Israel Prison Service: Security prisoners) refers in this article to Palestinians imprisoned in Israel in the context of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.

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Palestinian territories

Palestinian territories and occupied Palestinian territories (OPT or oPt) are terms often used to describe the West Bank (including East Jerusalem) and the Gaza Strip, which are occupied or otherwise under the control of Israel.

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Pannonhalma

Pannonhalma (Martinsberg, Rábsky Svätý Martin) is a town in western Hungary, in Győr-Moson-Sopron county with approximately 4,000 inhabitants.

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Paracuellos massacres

The Paracuellos massacres (Matanzas de Paracuellos) were a series of mass killings of civilians and soldiers by the Republican faction of the Spanish Civil War.

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Paramythia

Paramythia (Παραμυθιά, Paramythiá) is a town and a former municipality in Thesprotia, Epirus, Greece.

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Parliamentary Union of the OIC Member States

The Parliamentary Union of the OIC Member States (PUIC, PUOICM) is composed of the parliaments of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) members states.

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Parwan Detention Facility

The Parwan Detention Facility (also called Detention Facility in Parwan) is Afghanistan's main military prison.

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Paulette Nardal

Paulette Nardal (1896-1985) was an Afro-Martiniquais writer and journalist and one of the drivers of the development of a black literary consciousness.

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Pauline Chaponnière-Chaix

Pauline Chaponnière-Chaix (Geneva, 1 November 1850 – Geneva, 6 December 1934) was a Swiss nurse, feminist and suffragette.

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Peace Implementation Council

The Peace Implementation Council (PIC) is an international body charged with implementing the Dayton Peace Agreement for Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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Peace movement

A peace movement is a social movement that seeks to achieve ideals such as the ending of a particular war (or all wars), minimize inter-human violence in a particular place or type of situation, and is often linked to the goal of achieving world peace.

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Peje Bongre Chiefdom

Peje Bongre is a chiefdom in Sierra Leone.

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People detained by the International Criminal Court

People detained by the International Criminal Court (ICC) are held in the ICC's detention centre, which is located within a Dutch prison in Scheveningen, The Hague.

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People's Mujahedin of Iran

The People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran or the Mojahedin-e Khalq (Sāzmān-e mojāhedin-e khalq-e irān, abbreviated MEK, PMOI or MKO), commonly known in Iran as Munafiqin ("hypocrites"), is an Iranian political–militant organization in exile that advocates the violent overthrow of the current government in Iran, while claiming itself as the replacing government in exile.

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Persecution of Biharis in Bangladesh

The Bihari Muslim minority in Bangladesh (also known as Stranded Pakistanis) were subject to persecution during and after the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War, (called the Civil War in Pakistan) experiencing widespread discrimination.

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Pet Emergency Management

Emergency management is the discipline of dealing with and avoiding risks.

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Peter Lorot

Peter Lorot is a former officer who served with the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) during the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983-2005).

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Peter Martin Anker (diplomat)

Peter Martin Anker (21 March 1903 – 7 January 1977) was a Norwegian diplomat.

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Peter Maurer

Peter Maurer (born 1956) is the President of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), appointed 1 July 2012.

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Peter von Hagenbach

Peter von Hagenbach (or Pierre de Hagenbach or Pietro di Hagenbach or Pierre d’Archambaud or Pierre d'Aquenbacq, circa 1420 – May 9, 1474) was a Bourguignon knight from Alsace and Germanic military and civil commander.

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Philanthropy

Philanthropy means the love of humanity.

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Philippe Lazzarini

Philippe Lazzarini (born 1964), is a national of Switzerland and Italy, working for the United Nations.

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Philippine Red Cross

The Philippine Red Cross (abbreviated as PRC) is a member of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.

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Philippine–American War

The Philippine–American War (also referred to as the Filipino-American War, the Philippine War, the Philippine Insurrection, the Tagalog Insurgency; Filipino: Digmaang Pilipino-Amerikano; Spanish: Guerra Filipino-Estadounidense) was an armed conflict between the First Philippine Republic and the United States that lasted from February 4, 1899, to July 2, 1902.

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Phillip Knightley

Phillip George Knightley (23 January 1929 – 7 December 2016) was an Australian journalist, critic, and non-fiction author.

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Pia Bauer

Pia Bauer (5 February 1871 – 10 December 1954) was a nurse in a cancer hospital who has a German award named for her.

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Pierre Depage

Pierre Frédéric Emile Depage (Brussels, 3 November 1894 – 11 March 1979) was a gastroenterologist and Belgian senator affiliated to the Belgian Communist party.

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Pierre Krähenbühl

Pierre Krähenbühl (born January 8, 1966) has been Commissioner General for the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) since March 30, 2014.

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Pisgat Ze'ev

Pisgat Ze'ev (פסגת זאב, lit. Ze'ev's Peak) is an Israeli settlement in East Jerusalem and the largest residential neighborhood in Jerusalem with a population of over 50,000.

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Pope Pius XI and Spain

Foreign relations between Pope Pius XI and Spain were very tense, especially because they occurred within the context of the Spanish Civil War and the period of troubles preceding it.

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Population transfer

Population transfer or resettlement is the movement of a large group of people from one region to another, often a form of forced migration imposed by state policy or international authority and most frequently on the basis of ethnicity or religion but also due to economic development.

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Povilas Aksomaitis

Povilas Aksomaitis (March 29, 1938 – August 23, 2004) was a Lithuanian engineer, politician, and signatory of the 1990 Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania.

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Prijedor ethnic cleansing

During the Bosnian War, there was an ethnic cleansing campaign committed by the Bosnian Serb political and military leadership, mostly against Bosniak and Croat civilians in the Prijedor region of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1992 and 1993.

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Prince Nikolaus of Liechtenstein

Prince Nikolaus Ferdinand Maria Josef Raphael of Liechtenstein (born 24 October 1947) is the non-resident Ambassador of Liechtenstein to the Holy See and a younger brother of the reigning Prince of Liechtenstein, Hans-Adam II.

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Prisoner exchange

A prisoner exchange or prisoner swap is a deal between opposing sides in a conflict to release prisoners: prisoners of war, spies, hostages, etc.

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Prisoner of war

A prisoner of war (POW) is a person, whether combatant or non-combatant, who is held in custody by a belligerent power during or immediately after an armed conflict.

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Prisoner-of-war camp

A prisoner-of-war camp is a site for the containment of enemy combatants captured by a belligerent power in time of war.

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Prisons in Chile

Prison in Chile are generally poor.

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Prnjavor, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Prnjavor (Прњавор) is a town and municipality located in Republika Srpska, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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Protected persons

Protected persons is a legal term under international humanitarian law and refers to persons who are under specific protection of the Geneva Conventions and their Additional Protocols during an armed conflict.

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Protecting power

A protecting power is a country that represents another sovereign state in a country where it lacks its own diplomatic representation.

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Protocol I

Protocol I is a 1977 amendment protocol to the Geneva Conventions relating to the protection of victims of international conflicts, where "armed conflicts in which peoples are fighting against colonial domination, alien occupation or racist regimes" are to be considered international conflicts.

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Protocol on Blinding Laser Weapons

The Protocol on Blinding Laser Weapons, Protocol IV of the 1980 Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons, was issued by the United Nations on 13 October 1995.

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Protocol on Explosive Remnants of War

The Protocol on Explosive Remnants of War is an international treaty concluded in Geneva in 2003 that aims to limit the impact of cluster bombs and other unexploded devices on civilian populations after a conflict ends.

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Psagot

Psagot (פְּסָגוֹת, lit. Peaks) is an Israeli settlement in the West Bank located north of Jerusalem on Tawil hill adjacent to Ramallah, al-Bireh, and Kokhav Ya'akov.

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Public diplomacy of Israel

Public diplomacy in Israel (also hasbara, הַסְבָּרָה hasbará, "explaining") refers to public-relations efforts to disseminate, abroad, positive information about the State of Israel and its actions.

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Pul-e-Charkhi prison

Pul-e-Charkhi (Persian: زندان پل چرخی), also known as Pul-i-Charkhi or Afghan National Detention Facility, is the largest prison in Afghanistan east of Kabul.

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Qana airstrike

The 2006 Qana Airstrike (also referred to as the 2006 Qana Massacre or Second Qana Massacre) was an air strike carried out by the Israel Air Force (IAF) on a three-story", Daily Star, July 30, 2007 building in the small community of al-Khuraybah near the South Lebanese village of Qana on July 30, 2006, during the 2006 Lebanon War.

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Qatar Red Crescent Society

The Qatari branch of the Red Crescent Society, the Qatar Red Crescent (QRC), was established in 1978.

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Quazi Golam Dastgir

Quazi Golam Dastgir (23 September 1932 – 17 October 2008) was a Bangladesh army general and diplomat.

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Quneitra Crossing

The Quneitra Crossing (מעבר קוניטרה, تقاطع القنيطرة) is a border crossing through the purple ceasefire line into the UNDOF controlled area between the Syrian controlled and the Israeli-occupied portion of the Golan Heights.

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Rachela Hutner

Rachela Hutner (2 July 1909 – 23 July 2008) was a pioneering Polish nurse who was instrumental in the development of the post-World War II nursing profession of her country, pressing for educational requirements and standards.

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Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines

Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines (RTLM) was a Rwandan radio station which broadcast from July 8, 1993 to July 31, 1994.

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Radu Lecca

Radu D. Lecca (February 15, 1890–1980) was a Romanian spy, journalist, civil servant and convicted war criminal.

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Raffles Institution

Raffles Institution (RI), founded in 1823, is the oldest school in Singapore for pre-tertiary education.

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Ranavalona III

Ranavalona III (November 22, 1861 – May 23, 1917) was the last sovereign of the Kingdom of Madagascar.

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Raoul Bossy

Raoul V. Bossy (1894–1975) was a Romanian diplomat.

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Rasmea Odeh

Rasmea Yousef Odeh in Arabic رسمية يوسف عودة (born 1947/1948; also known as Rasmea Yousef, Rasmieh Steve, and Rasmieh Joseph Steve), US v. Odeh, US District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan, March 12, 2015 (Gershwin A. Drain, US District Judge) is a Jordanian and former American citizen of Palestinian origin who was a member of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine convicted by Israeli courts for her role in the murder of two students, Leon Kanner and Eddie Joffe in the 1969 Jerusalem Supermarket bombing. After her release in a prisoner exchange, she immigrated to the United States, became a U.S. citizen, and she served as associate director at the Arab American Action Network in Chicago, Illinois. Odeh was convicted in 1970 of involvement in the 1969 PFLP bombings in Jerusalem in which two people were killed, and in 2014 by a US federal jury of immigration fraud. She was sentenced to life in prison in Israel for her involvement in two terrorist bombings in Jerusalem in 1969, one of which killed two people, and involvement in an illegal organization, the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP). She spent 10 years in prison before she was released in a prisoner exchange with the PFLP in 1980. In a 1980 interview she confessed to participating in two bombings with PFLP, though says the intent was not to hurt anyone. Odeh was convicted of immigration fraud on November 10, 2014, by a jury in federal court in Detroit, Michigan, for concealing her arrest, conviction, and imprisonment for the 1969 bombings. On December 11, 2014, she was released on bond pending sentencing. Odeh's counsel maintains she did not receive a "full and fair trial" because the judge ruled as irrelevant her testimony that her confession to the crimes had been extracted by torture while she was in the custody of Israeli police in 1969. On February 13, 2015, federal Judge Gershwin A. Drain denied Odeh's request that he either overturn the federal jury’s conviction of her or grant her a new trial. He ruled that her argument lacked legal merit, as evidence showed that Odeh illegally obtained U.S. citizenship, the jurors "clearly did not believe explanation", and that "the evidence was more than sufficient to support the jury’s verdict." Odeh was sentenced to 18 months in federal prison on March 12, 2015, stripped of her US citizenship, and set for deportation to Jordan after serving her time. She was free on bail while she appealed. Her conviction was vacated by the 6th Circuit Court of Appeals and sent back to the District Court in February 2016. In April 2017 she pleaded guilty to failing to disclose her previous conviction on her citizenship application. As part of the plea agreement she was deported without serving jail time.

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Ratlines (World War II aftermath)

Ratlines were a system of escape routes for Nazis and other fascists fleeing Europe at the end of World War II.

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Raufoss Mk 211

The Raufoss Mk 211 is a.50 caliber (12.7×99mm NATO) multipurpose anti-matériel high-explosive incendiary/armor-piercing ammunition projectile produced by Nammo (Nordic Ammunition Group, a Norwegian/Finnish military industry manufacturer of ammunition), under the model name NM140 MP.

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Ravansar and Sanandaj police station attacks

Ravansar and Sanandaj police station attacks were staged by PJAK militants on April 24 and 25, 2009, targeting Iranian police stations in Ravansar, Kermanshah province and Sanandaj, Kordestan province.

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Raynold Kaufgetz

Raynold Kaufgetz (September 4, 1797 in Zurich, Old Swiss Confederacy – March 26, 1869 in Zurich, Swiss Confederation) was a Swiss soldier, politician and economist, best known for devising cyclical fiat currency theory.

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Rüsselsheim massacre

The Rüsselsheim massacre was a war crime that involved the lynching and killing of six American airmen by townspeople of Rüsselsheim during World War II.

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Reactions to the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict

Reactions to the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict came from around the world.

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Reactions to the Gaza flotilla raid

Reactions to the Gaza flotilla raid on 31 May 2010 ranged from fierce condemnation to strong support for Israel.

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Reba Z. Whittle

First Lieutenant Reba Zitella Whittle (August 19, 1919 – January 26, 1981) was a member of the United States Army Nurse Corps during World War II.

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Red Crescent Society of the United Arab Emirates

The Red Crescent Society of the United Arab Emirates is the United Arab Emirates (UAE) affiliate of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.

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Red Cross (disambiguation)

The name Red Cross generally refers to the humanitarian movement, the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, which is composed of.

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Red Cross of Viet Nam

The Viet Nam Red Cross Society is a member (National Society) of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies and has its headquarters in Hanoi.

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Red Cross parcel

Red Cross parcel refers to packages containing mostly food, tobacco and personal hygiene items sent by the International Association of the Red Cross to prisoners of war during the First and Second World Wars, as well as at other times.

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Red Cross Red Crescent Magazine

Red Cross Red Crescent is the official magazine for the International Red Cross Red Crescent movement, published jointly by the International Committee of the Red Cross and the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent National Societies, both based in Geneva, Switzerland.

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Red Cross Society of China

The Red Cross Society of China is the national Red Cross Society in the People's Republic of China.

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Red Cross Society of the Republic of China

The Red Cross Society of the Republic of China is the Red Cross Society of the Republic of China on Taiwan.

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Redd Kross

Redd Kross is an American alternative rock band from Hawthorne, California, who had their roots in 1978 in a punk rock band called the Tourists, which was started by brothers Jeff and Steve McDonald while they were still in middle school.

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Redha al-Najar

Redha al-Najar is a citizen of Tunisia that was held in US custody in the Bagram Theater Internment Facility.

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Reforms in Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan has been ruled by the former Soviet Union for nearly 70 years.

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Refugee

A refugee, generally speaking, is a displaced person who has been forced to cross national boundaries and who cannot return home safely (for more detail see legal definition).

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Refugee camp

A refugee camp is a temporary settlement built to receive refugees and people in refugee-like situations.

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Refugees in Nepal

Nepal is home to 38,490 refugees officially recognized by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).

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Refugees of Iraq

Refugees of Iraq are Iraqi nationals who have fled Iraq due to war or persecution.

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Refugees of Libya

Refugees of the Libyan Civil War are the people, predominantly Libyans, who fled or were expelled from their homes during the Libyan Civil War, from within the borders of Libya to the neighbouring states of Tunisia, Egypt and Chad, as well as to European countries across the Mediterranean.

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Refugees of the Syrian Civil War

Refugees of the Syrian Civil War or Syrian refugees are citizens and permanent residents of Syrian Arab Republic, who have fled from their country since the onset of the Syrian Civil War in 2011 and have sought asylum in other parts of the world. In 2016, from an estimated pre-war population of 22 million, the United Nations (UN) identified 13.5 million Syrians requiring humanitarian assistance, of which more than 6 million are internally displaced within Syria, and around 5 million are refugees outside of Syria. The vast majority of the latter are hosted by countries neighboring Syria. Among countries of the Regional Refugee and Resilience Plan (3RP), a coordination platform including neighboring countries (with the exception of Israel) and Egypt, the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) counted 5,165,502 registered refugees, as of August 2017. Turkey is the largest host country of registered refugees with over 3.5 million Syrian refugees. The UNHCR counted almost 1 million asylum applicants in Europe, as of August 2017. Humanitarian aid to internally displaced persons (IDPs) within Syria and Syrian refugees in neighbouring countries is planned largely through the UNHCR. By 2016, various nations had made pledges to the UNHCR to permanently resettle 170,000 registered refugees.

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Relief Society of Tigray

The Relief Society of Tigray (abbreviated REST, and known as Maret in Tigrinya) is an NGO based in Tigray, northern Ethiopia.

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Report about Case Srebrenica

Report about Case Srebrenica (the first part) was a controversial official report on the July 1995 Srebrenica massacre in eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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Resistance in the German-occupied Channel Islands

During the German occupation of the Channel Islands, there was limited resistance.

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Restoring Family Links

Restoring Family Links (RFL) is a program of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, more specifically the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies involving activities that aim to prevent separation and disappearance, look for missing persons, restore and maintain contact between family members and clarify the fate of persons reported missing.

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Results-based management

Results-based management (RBM) is a management strategy which uses feedback loops to achieve strategic goals.

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Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia

The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia—Ejército del Pueblo, FARC–EP and FARC) was a guerrilla movement involved in the continuing Colombian armed conflict from 1964 to 2017.

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Reza Deghati

Reza Deghati (born July 26, 1952 in Tabriz, Iran) is an Iranian-French photojournalist who works under the name Reza (رضا).

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Rheinwiesenlager

The Rheinwiesenlager (Rhine meadow camps) were a group of 19 camps built in the Allied-occupied part of Germany by the U.S. Army to hold captured German soldiers at the close of the Second World War.

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Rhodesian passport

Rhodesian passports were passports issued by the government of Rhodesia to its citizens for purposes of international travel.

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Rif Dimashq offensive (February–April 2018)

The Rif Dimashq offensive (February–April 2018), code-named Operation Damascus Steel, was a military offensive launched by the Syrian Arab Army (SAA) in February 2018 in a bid to capture the rebel-held eastern Ghouta suburb.

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Right to silence

The right to silence is a legal principle which guarantees any individual the right to refuse to answer questions from law enforcement officers or court officials.

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Rilima

Rilima is a town in southeastern Rwanda.

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Robert Capa Gold Medal

The Robert Capa Gold Medal is an award for "best published photographic reporting from abroad requiring exceptional courage and enterprise".

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Robert S. Strauss Center for International Security and Law

The Robert S. Strauss Center for International Security and Law is a nonpartisan, multidisciplinary global affairs research center at The University of Texas at Austin.

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Robert Singer (Jewish leader)

Robert Singer (born in 1956 in Chernivtsi, Ukraine) is a Jewish organizational leader and former Israeli government official.

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Robin Ghosh

Robin Ghosh (رابِن گھوش), (রবিন ঘোষ), (13 September 1937 – 13 February 2016) was a Pakistani-Bangladeshi playback singer and film music composer, best known for singing and composing music for Lollywood films from 1961 to 1986.

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Romani people in Mitrovica refugee camps

There are currently (as of 2008) about 500-700 Romani people in Mitrovica refugee camps.

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Ron Haviv

Ron Haviv (1965) is an American photojournalist who covers conflicts.

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Rory MacLean

Rory MacLean FRSL (born 5 November 1954) is a British-Canadian historian and travel writer who lives and works in Berlin and the United Kingdom.

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Rosette Luyina Kiese

Rosette Luyina Kiese is a Congolise athlete who competes in the shot put.

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Roslï Näf

Roslï Näf (1911 in Glarus, Switzerland – 1996) was a Swiss Red Cross nurse, notable for taking great risks to save the lives of 90 Jewish children during some of the worst years of the Holocaust in Europe.

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Ruby Bradley

Colonel Ruby Bradley (December 19, 1907 – May 28, 2002) was one of the most decorated women in United States military history.

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Rudolf Windisch

Leutnant Rudolf Friedrich Otto Windisch was a World War I fighter ace credited with 22 victories.

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Rule of Law in Armed Conflicts Project

The Rule of Law in Armed Conflicts Project (RULAC Project) is an initiative of the Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights to support the application and implementation of the international law of armed conflict.

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Ruse de guerre

The French ruse de guerre, sometimes literally translated as ruse of war, is a non-uniform term; generally what is understood by "ruse of war" can be separated into two groups: the first classifies the phrase purely as an act of military deception against one's opponent; the second emphasizes acts against one's opponent by creative, clever, unorthodox means, sometimes involving force multipliers or superior knowledge.

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Russian famine of 1921–22

The Russian famine of 1921–22, also known as Povolzhye famine, was a severe famine in Russia which began in early spring of 1921 and lasted through 1922.

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Russian hospital ship Vpered

HS Vpered (госпитальное судно "Вперёд") was a Russian hospital ship that was torpedoed by the Imperial German Navy submarine SM ''U-38'' on 8 July 1916.

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Russian Orthodox properties in Palestine

Russian Orthodox properties in Palestine refers to real-estate owned by the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) in Israel and the West Bank.

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Russian-Tajik Slavonic University

Russian-Tajik Slavonic University (RTSU), also known as Russian-Tajik University, is a university in Tajikistan located in Dushanbe.

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Russian–Syrian hospital bombing campaign

During the Syrian Civil War, Russian and Syrian government forces have allegedly conducted a campaign that has focused on the destruction of hospitals and medical facilities within areas not under the control of the Syrian government.

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Russo-Georgian War

The Russo-Georgian War was a war between Georgia, Russia and the Russian-backed self-proclaimed republics of South Ossetia and Abkhazia.

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Ryuichi Shimoda v. The State

Ryuichi Shimoda et al.

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S. H. Nimal Kumar

S.

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Sa Kaeo Refugee Camp

Sa Kaeo Refugee Camp (also referred to as Sa Kaeo I or Ban Kaeng) was the first organized refugee relief camp established on the Thai-Cambodian border.

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Safair

Safair is an aviation company based at the O.R. Tambo International Airport in Kempton Park, South Africa.

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Saint Petersburg Declaration of 1868

The Saint Petersburg Declaration of 1868 or in full Declaration Renouncing the Use, in Time of War, of Explosive Projectiles Under 400 Grammes Weight is an international treaty agreed in Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire, November 29 / December 11, 1868.

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Salijon Abdurahmanov

Salijon Abdurahmanov (born 28 May 1950 in Nukus, Uzbekistan) is an Uzbek journalist who contributed to Radio Free Europe, Voice of America and uznews.net.

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Sally-Anne Jones

Sally-Anne Frances Jones (17 November 1968 – c. June 2017), also known as Umm Hussain al-Britani, or also known as Sakinah Hussein and the White Widow was a British-born terrorist and UN-designated recruiter and propagandist for the Islamic State (ISIS).

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Samashki massacre

The Samashki massacre (Резня в Самашки) was an incident which occurred on April 7–8, 1995, in the village of Samashki, at the border between Chechnya and Ingushetia.

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Sana'a

Sana'a (صنعاء, Yemeni Arabic), also spelled Sanaa or Sana, is the largest city in Yemen and the centre of Sana'a Governorate.

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Sandra Roelofs

Sandra Elisabeth Roelofs–Saakashvili (tr; born 23 December 1968) is a Dutch–Georgian activist and diplomat who was the First Lady of Georgia from 2004 to 2013, when her husband Mikheil Saakashvili was president of the country.

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Sano Tsunetami

Count was a Japanese statesman and founder of the Japanese Red Cross Society.

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Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen

No description.

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Schutzstaffel

The Schutzstaffel (SS; also stylized as with Armanen runes;; literally "Protection Squadron") was a major paramilitary organization under Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Nazi Germany, and later throughout German-occupied Europe during World War II.

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Scorched Earth Operation

The Scorched Earth Operation refers to events in September 1999 in East Timor.

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Scott Speicher

Michael Scott Speicher (12 July 1957 – January 17, 1991) was a United States Navy pilot who was shot down over Iraq during the Persian Gulf War becoming the first American combat casualty of the war.

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Sebastiano Tomada

Sebastiano Tomada is an Italian photojournalist.

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Seckou Keita

Seckou Keita (born 14 February 1978) is a kora player and drummer from Senegal.

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Second Italo-Ethiopian War

The Second Italo-Ethiopian War, also referred to as the Second Italo-Abyssinian War, was a colonial war from 3 October 1935 until 1939, despite the Italian claim to have defeated Ethiopia by 5 May 1936, the date of the capture of Addis Ababa.

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Second Ivorian Civil War

The Second Ivorian Civil War broke out in March 2011 when the crisis in Ivory Coast escalated into full-scale military conflict between forces loyal to Laurent Gbagbo, the President of Ivory Coast since 2000, and supporters of the internationally recognised president-elect Alassane Ouattara.

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Second United Nations Emergency Force

The second United Nations Emergency Forces (UNEF II) was established by United Nations General Assembly, in accordance with United Nations Security Council Resolution 340 (1973), to supervise the ceasefire between Egyptian and Israeli forces at the end of Yom Kippur War (also known as the October War), and following of the agreement of 18January 1974 and 4September 1975, to supervise the redeployment of Egyptian and Israeli forces and to man and control the buffer zones established under those agreements.

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Secondary education in Singapore

Secondary education in Singapore is based on four different tracks or streams:"Integrated Programme", "Express", "Normal (Academic)", or "Normal (Technical)".

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Secours populaire français

The Secours Populaire Français (SPF), or French Popular Relief, is a French non-profit organization founded in 1945, dedicated to fighting poverty and discrimination in public life.

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Selahattin Ülkümen

Selahattin Ülkümen (14 January 1914 in Antakya – 7 June 2003 in Istanbul) was a Turkish diplomat and consul in Rhodes during the Second World War, who assisted many local Jews to escape the Holocaust.

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September 1964

The following events occurred in September 1964.

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September 2016 Urum al-Kubra Aid Convoy attack

A United Nations and Syrian Arab Red Crescent aid convoy unloading at a warehouse along Highway 60 in the rebel-held city of Urum al-Kubra, approximately 15 kilometers (9 mi) west of the city of Aleppo in the Aleppo Governorate of Syria, was destroyed during a late night attack on 19 September 2016, during the Syrian Civil War.

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Serge Raynaud de la Ferriere

Serge Raynaud de la Ferrière (18 January 1916 – 27 December 1962) was a French Initiatic philosopher.

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Seville Agreement

The Seville Agreement was an agreement drafted within the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement in 1997 to specify which organization within the Movement would take the lead in certain field operations.

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Shahabuddin Hekmatyar

Shahabuddin Hekmatyar is the younger brother of Gulbuddin Hekmatyar, the founder of Hezb-e-Islami Gulbuddin.

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Shashi Tharoor

Shashi Tharoor (born 9 March 1956) is an Indian politician and a former career international diplomat who is currently serving as Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha from Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, since 2009.

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Shatila refugee camp

The Shatila refugee camp (مخيم شاتيلا), also known as the Chatila refugee camp, is a refugee camp, originally set-up for Palestinian refugees in 1949.

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Sheila Tlou

Sheila Dinotshe Tlou is a Botswana specialist in HIV/AIDS and women's health, and a nursing educator.

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Shilo, Mateh Binyamin

Shilo (שִׁלֹה / שילה) is an Israeli settlement in the northern West Bank.

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Shortwave listening

Shortwave listening, or SWLing, is the hobby of listening to shortwave radio broadcasts located on frequencies between 1700 kHz and 30 MHz.

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Shouting Hill

The Shouting Hill is a hill in the Israeli controlled portion of the Golan Heights.

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Shu'fat camp

Shu'fat, or more commonly Shuafat (شعفاط), is a Palestinian refugee camp in Jerusalem jurisdiction located next to Shuafat, a Palestinian Arab neighborhood of East Jerusalem.

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Shuafat

Shuafat (شعفاط), also Shu'fat and Sha'fat, is a mostly Arab neighborhood of East Jerusalem, forming part of north-eastern Jerusalem.

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Siege of al-Fu'ah and Kafriya

The Siege of al-Fu'ah and Kefriya is an ongoing siege of the towns of al-Fu'ah and Kafriya in the Idlib Governorate, during the Syrian Civil War.

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Siege of Darayya and Muadamiyat

The Siege of Darayya and Muadamiyat was launched by the Syrian Armed Forces in late 2012 after rebels took over most of the Damascus suburbs of Darayya and Muadamiyat al-Sham in November 2012.

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Silliman University College of Law

The Silliman University College of Law (abbreviated as SU Law or Silliman Law) is one of the constituent colleges of Silliman University, a private university in Dumaguete City, Philippines.

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Simone Simons

Simone Johanna Maria Simons (born 17 January 1985) is a Dutch singer-songwriter.

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Singapore Red Cross

The Singapore Red Cross (SRC) began on 30 September 1949 as part of the British Red Cross Society.

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Siniora Plan

The Siniora Plan was the unofficial name of the 7-point truce plan for the 2006 Lebanon War (the July War) that was presented by Lebanon's Prime Minister Fuad Siniora at the 15-nation conference in Rome on 27 July 2006.

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Sisowath Sirik Matak

Sisowath Sirik Matak (ស៊ីសុវត្ថិ សិរិមតះ; January 22, 1914April 21, 1975) was a member of the Cambodian royal family, under the House of Sisowath.

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Site Two Refugee Camp

Site Two Refugee Camp (also known as Site II or Site 2) was the largest refugee camp on the Thai-Cambodian border and, for several years, the largest refugee camp in Southeast Asia.

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Slovak Red Cross Museum

The Slovak Red Cross Museum (Slovakian: Múzeum Slovenského Červeného kríža) or simply SCK Museum is a specialized museum of the Slovak Red Cross with a nationwide scope.

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SMA Negeri 8 Jakarta

SMA Negeri 8 Jakarta (also known as SMANDEL) is a selective, coeducational public high school in Jakarta, Indonesia.

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Solenta Aviation

Solenta Aviation is an airline based in Johannesburg, South Africa, with its maintenance base at OR Tambo International Airport.

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Solferino

Solferino is a small town and comune in the province of Mantua, Lombardy, northern Italy, approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) south of Lake Garda.

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Somali Red Crescent Society

The Somali Red Crescent Society (SRCS) is a non-political, independent humanitarian organization in Somalia and is part of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.

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Souha Hatono

Souha Hatono VIII of Japan (the 8th) (鳩野宗巴８世) (1844–1917) or Sōha Hatono was a Japanese physician specializing in surgery.

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Southern Air Transport

Southern Air Transport (SAT) (1947–1998), based in Miami, Florida, was a cargo airline best known as a front company for the Central Intelligence Agency (1960–1973) and for its role in the Iran-Contra affair in the mid-1980s.

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Sovereign Military Order of Malta

The Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta (Supremus Ordo Militaris Hospitalis Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani Rhodius et Melitensis), also known as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta (SMOM) or the Order of Malta, is a Catholic lay religious order traditionally of military, chivalrous and noble nature.

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Soviet war crimes

War crimes perpetrated by the Soviet Union and its armed forces from 1919 to 1991 include acts committed by the Red Army (later called the Soviet Army) as well as the NKVD, including the NKVD's Internal Troops.

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Soviet–Afghan War

The Soviet–Afghan War lasted over nine years, from December 1979 to February 1989.

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Spain during World War II

The Spanish State under the dictatorship of General Franco did not officially join the Axis Powers during World War II.

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Spanish Civil War

The Spanish Civil War (Guerra Civil Española),Also known as The Crusade (La Cruzada) among Nationalists, the Fourth Carlist War (Cuarta Guerra Carlista) among Carlists, and The Rebellion (La Rebelión) or Uprising (Sublevación) among Republicans.

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Special Committee on Peacekeeping Operations of the United Nations

The Special Committee on Peacekeeping Operations of the United Nations was established by General Assembly Resolution 2006 (XIX) of 18 February 1965, to conduct a comprehensive review of all issues relating to peacekeeping.

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Special reconnaissance

Special reconnaissance (SR) is conducted by small units of highly trained military personnel, usually from special forces units or military intelligence organizations, who operate behind enemy lines, avoiding direct combat and detection by the enemy.

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Sphere Project

The Sphere Project was launched in 1997 to develop a set of minimum standards in core areas of humanitarian assistance.

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Srebrenica massacre

The Srebrenica massacre, also known as the Srebrenica genocide (Masakr u Srebrenici; Genocid u Srebrenici), was the July 1995 genocide of more than 8,000Potocari Memorial Center Preliminary List of Missing Persons from Srebrenica '95 Muslim Bosniaks, mainly men and boys, in and around the town of Srebrenica during the Bosnian War.

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Sremska Mitrovica Prison

Sremska Mitrovica prison (Serbian: Казнено-поправни завод у Сремској Митровици / Kazneno-popravni zavod u Sremskoj Mitrovici) is the biggest prison in Serbia, consisting of two facilities.

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SS Cap Arcona

Cap Arcona, named after Cape Arkona on the island of Rügen, was a large German ocean liner and the flagship of the Hamburg Südamerikanische Dampfschifffahrts-Gesellschaft ("Hamburg-South America Line").

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SS Duilio

SS Duilio was the first Italian super ocean liner and one of the largest Italian merchant fleets up until 1925.

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SS El Oriente

SS El Oriente was a cargo ship built in 1910 for the Morgan Line, a subsidiary of the Southern Pacific Company.

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SS Giulio Cesare

SS Giulio Cesare was initially a liner of the Navigazione Generale Italiana, which was later operated by the Italian Line.

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SS Kurtuluş

SS Kurtuluş was a Turkish cargo ship which became famous for her humanitarian role in carrying food aid during the famine Greece suffered under the Axis occupation in World War II.

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SS Linz

SS Linz was an Austro-Hungarian Ocean Liner that hit a mine in the Adriatic Sea 4 miles northwest of the Cape of Rodon, while she was travelling from Fiume, Croatia to Durazzo, Albania under command of Captain Tonello Hugo.

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SS Mactan (1898)

SS Mactan was launched 28 December 1898 as the passenger/cargo ship North Lyell for North Mount Lyell Copper Co.Ltd. intended for service between the west coast of Tasmania and Melbourne.

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SS Vega

A number of steamships have carried the name Vega, including.

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SS Vega (1913)

SS Vega was owned by Stockholms Rederiaktieb Svea of Stockholm, a company that had owned steamships since 1886.

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St. Gallen Symposium

The St.

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Stalag

In Germany, stalag was a term used for prisoner-of-war camps.

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Stalag III-A

Stalag III-A was a German World War II prisoner-of-war camp at Luckenwalde, Brandenburg, south of Berlin.

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Stalag IV-G

Stalag IV-G was a German World War II prisoner-of-war camp (Stammlager) for NCOs and enlisted men.

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Stalag Luft IV

Stalag Luft IV was a German World War II prisoner-of-war camp in Gross Tychow, Pomerania (now Tychowo, Poland).

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Stalag V-A

Stalag V-A was a German World War II prisoner-of-war camp (Stammlager) located on the southern outskirts of Ludwigsburg, Germany.

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Stalag VI-C

Stalag VI-C was a World War II German POW camp located 6 km west of the village Oberlangen in Emsland in north-western Germany.

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Stalag X-B

Stalag X-B was a World War II German Prisoner-of-war camp located near Sandbostel in Lower Saxony in north-western Germany.

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Stalag XIII-C

Stalag XIII-C was a German Army World War II prisoner-of-war camp (Stammlager) built on what had been the training camp at Hammelburg, Lower Franconia, Bavaria, Germany.

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Stalag XVIII-A

Stalag XVIII-A was a World War II German Army (Wehrmacht) prisoner-of-war camp located to the south of the town of Wolfsberg, in the southern Austrian state of Carinthia, then a part of Nazi Germany.

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Stalag XXI-D

Stalag XXI-D was a German World War II PoW Camp based in Poznań (Posnan), Poland.

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Standing Commission of the Red Cross and Red Crescent

The Standing Commission of the Red Cross and Red Crescent is the permanent statutory body of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and the highest deliberative body of the Movement between the meetings of the Council of Delegates and the International Conference of the Red Cross and Red Crescent.

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Star and crescent

The star and crescent is an iconographic symbol used in various historical contexts but most well known today as a symbol of the former Ottoman Empire and, by popular extension, the Islamic world.

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Star of David

The Star of David (✡), known in Hebrew as the Shield of David or Magen David (Hebrew rtl; Biblical Hebrew Māḡēn Dāwīḏ, Tiberian, Modern Hebrew, Ashkenazi Hebrew and Yiddish Mogein Dovid or Mogen Dovid), is a generally recognized symbol of modern Jewish identity and Judaism.

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Starobilsk

Starobilsk (Старобільськ, Starobelsk Старобельск) is a city near Luhansk in Luhansk Oblast, Ukraine.

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Starvin' Marvin (South Park)

"Starvin' Marvin" is the eighth episode in the first season of the American animated television series South Park.

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Steering Committee for Humanitarian Response

The Steering Committee for Humanitarian Response (SCHR) is an alliance made up of chief executive officers representing nine humanitarian networks or agencies (CARE International, Caritas Internationalis, the International Committee of the Red Cross, the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, International Save the Children Alliance, Lutheran World Federation, Oxfam, ACT Alliance, and World Vision International).

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Stefan Templeton

R.

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Stefan Tyszkiewicz

Stefan Eugeniusz Tyszkiewicz, in Polish, Stefan Eugeniusz Maria Tyszkiewicz-Łohojski z Landwarowa, Leliwa coat of arms, (born 24 November 1894 in Warsaw, died 6 February 1976 in London) was a member of the Polish nobility, landowner, engineer, inventor and an early pioneer of the Polish automotive industry.

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Sten-Eggert Nauclér

Sten-Eggert Vergenhanns Nauclér (24 September 1914 – 5 November 1990) was a Swedish Army officer who served in various conflict areas, in Swedish service, Ethiopian service and as a volunteer.

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Stephen Funk

Stephen Funk (born June 15, 1982, Seattle, WA) is a former United States Marine Corps Landing Support Specialist and Lance Corporal reservist.

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Studium, Accademia di Casale e del Monferrato per l’Arte, la Letteratura, la Storia,le Scienze e le Varie Umanità

The "Studium", Accademia di Casale e del Monferrato per l’Arte, la Letteratura, la Storia, le Scienze e le Varie Umanità (Studium, Academy of Casale Monferrato for Art, Literature, History, Science and Various Humanity Studies) was significant in ancient times as a major center in Casale Monferrato for academic and scholarly achievement.

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Sulmona

Sulmona (Abruzzese: Sulmóne; Sulmo; Greek: Σουλμῶν, Soulmōn) is a city and comune of the province of L'Aquila in Abruzzo, Italy.

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Sultan Munadi

Sultan Mohammad Munadi (صئلتان هحامماد ئنادي; November 22, 1976 - September 9, 2009) was an Afghan journalist, reporter, production manager and translator.

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Superior orders

Superior orders, often known as the Nuremberg defense, lawful orders or by the German phrase Befehl ist Befehl ("an order is an order"), is a plea in a court of law that a person—whether a member of the military, law enforcement, a firefighting force, or the civilian population—not be held guilty for actions ordered by a superior officer or an official.

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Sutton Bridge

Sutton Bridge is a village and civil parish in the South Holland district of Lincolnshire, England.

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Suzannah Linton

Suzannah Linton is an academic and practising international lawyer.

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Sven Lampell

Sven Hjalmar Lampell (18 December 1920 – 28 June 2007) was a Swedish Air Force officer.

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Sweden v. Yamaguchi

Sweden v. Yamaguchi, otherwise known as in the matter of Marianne Wilson, or in the matter of Mary Ann Vaughn, is a highly complex decision in international family law which touches on questions in law still unresolved over fifty years later.

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Swiss Guide and Scout Movement

The Swiss Guide and Scout Movement (SGSM) (Pfadibewegung Schweiz (PBS), Mouvement Scout de Suisse (MSdS), Movimento Scout Svizzero (MSS), Moviment Battasendas Svizra (MBS)) is the national Scouting and Guiding association of Switzerland formed in 1987.

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Swiss Red Cross

The Swiss Red Cross (German: Schweizerische Rote Kreuz, French: Croix-Rouge suisse, Italian: Croce Rossa Svizzera), or SRC, is the national Red Cross society for Switzerland.

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Swiss referendums, 2012

Twelve referendums were held at the national level in Switzerland during 2012.

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Swisspeace

swisspeace is a practice-oriented peace research institute located in Bern and Basel, Switzerland.

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Switzerland

Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a sovereign state in Europe.

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Switzerland during the World Wars

During World War I and World War II, the Swiss Confederation maintained armed neutrality.

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Sylva Macharová

Sylva Macharová (1893-1968) was a Czech nurse who was one of the first trained nurses in Prague.

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Sylvia Trent-Adams

Sylvia Trent-Adams (born circa 1965) is a rear admiral in the U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps and the current Deputy Surgeon General of the United States.

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Symbols of Islam

Designs used as symbols of Islam include calligraphy of important concepts or phrases, such as the shahada, takbir, basmala, etc.; besides this the colour green is often used as symbolising Islam.

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Syrian Arab Red Crescent

The Syrian Arab Red Crescent (SARC) (الهلال الأحمر العربي السوري Al-Hilal al-Aḥmar al-Arabi al-Souri) is a humanitarian nonprofit organization.

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Syrian Civil War

The Syrian Civil War (الحرب الأهلية السورية, Al-ḥarb al-ʼahliyyah as-sūriyyah) is an ongoing multi-sided armed conflict in Syria fought primarily between the Ba'athist Syrian Arab Republic led by President Bashar al-Assad, along with its allies, and various forces opposing both the government and each other in varying combinations.

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Tactics of the Iraqi insurgency

The tactics of the Iraqi insurgency have varied widely.

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Tajikistan–Uzbekistan border minefields

The Uzbekistan–Tajikistan border minefields are the result of Uzbekistan's unilateral decision to indiscriminately mine rural areas along its border region with Tajikistan.

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Tallinn Manual

The Tallinn Manual (originally entitled, Tallinn Manual on the International Law Applicable to Cyber Warfare) is an academic, non-binding study on how international law (in particular the jus ad bellum and international humanitarian law) applies to cyber conflicts and cyber warfare.

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Targeted killing

Targeted killing is defined as a form of assassination based on the presumption of criminal guilt.

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Targeted Killing in International Law

Targeted Killing in International Law is a book about the legality of targeted killing, written by Nils Melzer.

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Targeted Killings: Law and Morality in an Asymmetrical World

Targeted Killings: Law and Morality in an Asymmetrical World is a non-fiction compilation book about targeted killing edited by Claire Finkelstein, Jens David Ohlin, and Andrew Altman.

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Tariq Mahmood (detainee)

Tariq Mahmood is a British Pakistani who was captured in Islamabad by Pakistani security forces in October 2003.

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Ted Itani

Tetsuo (Ted) Itani is a retired Canadian military officer and humanitarian, who was inducted as a Member of the Order of Canada in 2016.

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Tekoa, Gush Etzion

Tekoa (תְּקוֹעַ) is an Israeli settlement organized as a community settlement in the West Bank, located 20 km northeast of Hebron, 16 km south of Jerusalem and in the immediate vicinity of the Palestinian village of Tuqu'.

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Tel Rumeida

Tel Rumeida/Jabla al Rahama (تل رميدة; תל רומיידה) is an agricultural and residential area in the West Bank city of Hebron.

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Telephone access of Guantanamo Bay detainees

After the United States established the Guantanamo Bay detention camp at its naval base in Cuba, officials occasionally allowed Guantanamo captives' phone calls to their family.

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Thai Red Cross Society

The Thai Red Cross Society (สภากาชาดไทย) is a major humanitarian organisation in Thailand, providing services as part of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.

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Théodore Maunoir

Dr.

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Thérèse Bonney

Thérèse Bonney (born Mabel Bonney, Syracuse, New York, July 15, 1894 - Paris, France, January 15, 1978) was an American photographer and publicist.

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Thérèse Delpech

Thérèse Delpech (11 February 1948 – 17 January 2012) was a French international relations expert and prolific public intellectual.

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The Abandonment of the Jews

The Abandonment of the Jews: America and the Holocaust 1941–1945, published in 1984, is an influential book by David S. Wyman, former Josiah DuBois professor of history at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.

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The Adventures of Dr. McNinja

The Adventures of Dr.

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The International Tracing Unit

The International Tracing Unit works within the framework of Magen David Adom, as part of the International Tracing Service of the Red Cross.

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The Least Worst Place

The Least Worst Place: How Guantanamo Became the World's Most Notorious Prison is a book about the first several months of the operation of the Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba.

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The New College, Chennai

The New College (புதுக்கல்லூரி) is an institution of higher education in Chennai, South India.

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The Week (Indian magazine)

The Week is an Indian news magazine founded in the year 1982 and is published by The Malayala Manorama Co.

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Theresienstadt (film)

Theresienstadt.

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Theresienstadt concentration camp

Theresienstadt concentration camp, also referred to as Theresienstadt ghetto, was a concentration camp established by the SS during World War II in the garrison city of Terezín (Theresienstadt), located in German-occupied Czechoslovakia.

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Theresienstadt Papers

The Theresienstadt Papers (in German original Theresienstadt-Konvolut) are a collection of historical documents of the Jewish self-government of Theresienstadt concentration camp.

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Thierry Hentsch

Thierry Hentsch (August 7, 1944 - July 7, 2005) was a Swiss-Canadian philosopher and political scientist.

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Third Geneva Convention

The Third Geneva Convention, relative to the treatment of prisoners of war, is one of the four treaties of the Geneva Conventions.

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Thisara Samarasinghe

Admiral Thisara Sugeeshwara Gunasekara Samarasinghe RSP, VSV, USP, ndc, psc, DISS, MNI, SLN (born: 16 July 1954) was the Commander of the Sri Lankan Navy from 15 July 2009 to 15 January 2011.

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Thomas Pappas

Thomas M. Pappas is a former United States Army colonel who is a civilian intelligence officer with the Army's Training and Doctrine Command at Fort Eustis, Virginia.

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Thomas Sturge Moore

Thomas Sturge Moore (4 March 1870 – 18 July 1944) was an English poet, author and artist.

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Thomas W. Hartmann

Thomas W. Hartmann is an American lawyer and officer in the United States Air Force Reserve.

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Timeline of events in humanitarian relief and development

The following is a timeline of selected notable events in the history of humanitarian aid, international relief and development.

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Timeline of Geneva

The following is a timeline of the history of the municipality of Geneva, Switzerland.

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Timeline of global health

This page is a timeline of global health, including major conferences, interventions, cures, and crises.

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Timeline of healthcare in Italy

This is a timeline of healthcare in Italy.

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Timeline of modern Greek history

This is a timeline of modern Greek history.

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Timeline of Philippine history

This is a timeline of Philippine history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in the Philippines and their predecessor states.

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Timeline of relief efforts after the 2010 Haiti earthquake

The timeline of rescue efforts after the 2010 Haiti earthquake of 12 January 2010 involves the sequence of events in the days following a highly destructive 7.0 Mw earthquake with an epicenter west of the nation's capital, Port-au-Prince.

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Timeline of the 2006 Lebanon War (July)

This is a timeline of the 2006 Lebanon War during the month of July.

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Timeline of the 2011 Libyan Civil War and military intervention (19 March–May)

The Libyan Civil War began on 15 February 2011 as a civil protest and later evolved into a widespread uprising.

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Timeline of the Arab Spring

Protests arose in Tunisia following Mohamed Bouazizi's self-immolation.

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Timeline of the Canadian Afghan detainee issue

The following is a timeline of events in the Canadian Afghan detainee issue. This includes many specific dates and statements.

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Timeline of the Gaza War (2008–09)

Timeline of the Gaza War.

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Timeline of the Gwangmu Reform

The following is a timeline of the Gwangmu Reform, which was a reforms for modernize Korea from the late 19th century to the early 20th century.

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Timeline of the Libyan Civil War (2014–present)

This is detailed a timeline of the Libyan Civil War (2014-present).

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Timeline of the Syrian Civil War (May–August 2012)

The following is a timeline of the Syrian Civil War from May to August 2012.

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Timeline of the Syrian Civil War (May–August 2017)

The following is a timeline of the Syrian Civil War from May to August 2017.

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Timeline of the Syrian Civil War (September–December 2011)

The following is a timeline of the Syrian uprising from September to December 2011.

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Timeline of the war in Donbass (July–September 2014)

This is a timeline of the War in Donbass, from July to September 2014.

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Timeline of the war in Donbass (July–September 2017)

This is a timeline of the War in Donbass, from 1 July 2017.

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Timothaus Mar Shallita

Timothaus Mar Shallita Youwala (born 1936) is Archbishop of the Ancient Holy Apostolic Catholic Church of the East for Germany and all Europe.

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Tongogara Refugee Camp

Tongogara Refugee Camp is a refugee camp located near Chipinge, Zimbabwe, about 420 km southeast of Harare.

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Torture

Torture (from the Latin tortus, "twisted") is the act of deliberately inflicting physical or psychological pain in order to fulfill some desire of the torturer or compel some action from the victim.

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Torture during the Algerian War of Independence

Elements of the French Armed Forces as well as of the opposing Algerian National Liberation Front (FLN) made use of torture during the Algerian War of Independence (1954–62), creating an ongoing public controversy.

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Toxin

A toxin (from toxikon) is a poisonous substance produced within living cells or organisms; synthetic toxicants created by artificial processes are thus excluded.

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Transnational child protection

Transnational child protection refers to the protection of children from violence, exploitation, abuse and neglect in an international setting.

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Travel document

A travel document is an identity document issued by a government or international treaty organization to facilitate the movement of individuals or small groups of persons across international boundaries, following international agreements.

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Trnopolje camp

The Trnopolje camp was an internment camp established by Bosnian Serb military and police authorities in the village of Trnopolje near Prijedor in northern Bosnia and Herzegovina, during the first months of the Bosnian War.

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Tuareg rebellion (2007–2009)

The Tuareg Rebellion of 2007–2009 was an insurgency that began in February 2007 amongst elements of the Tuareg people living in the Sahara desert regions of northern Mali and Niger.

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Turkish invasion of Cyprus

The Turkish invasion of Cyprus (lit and Τουρκική εισβολή στην Κύπρο), code-named by Turkey as Operation Attila, (Atilla Harekâtı) was a Turkish military invasion of the island country of Cyprus.

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TWA Flight 847

Trans World Airlines Flight 847 was a flight from Cairo to San Diego with en route stops in Athens, Rome, Boston, and Los Angeles.

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Typhoon Maysak (2015)

Typhoon Maysak, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Chedeng, was the most powerful pre-April tropical cyclone on record in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean.

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Typhoon Wipha (2007)

Typhoon Wipha, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Goring, was the strongest typhoon to threaten the Chinese coastline since Typhoon Saomai in August 2006.

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U.S. intelligence involvement with German and Japanese war criminals after World War II

While the United States was involved in the prosecution of war criminals, US military and intelligence agencies protected some war criminals in the interest of obtaining technical or intelligence information from them, or taking part in ongoing intelligence.

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U.S. raid on the Iranian Liaison Office in Arbil

The US raid on the Iranian Liaison Office in Arbil refers to the events of 11 January 2007 when the US military raided the Iranian Liaison Office (which was in the process of becoming accredited as an officially recognized consulate) in Arbil, Iraq, ostensibly to detain two senior Iranian officials but capturing five mid-level diplomats instead.

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Ugandan Bush War

The Ugandan Bush War, also known as the Luwero War, the Ugandan civil war or the Resistance War, was a civil war fought in Uganda between the Uganda National Liberation Army (UNLA) and the National Resistance Army (NRA) from 1981 to 1986.

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United Nations

The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization tasked to promote international cooperation and to create and maintain international order.

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United Nations Border Relief Operation

The United Nations Border Relief Operation (UNBRO) was a donor-nation funded relief effort for Cambodian refugees and others affected by years of warfare along the Thai-Cambodian border.

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United Nations Detention Facility

The United Nations Detention Facility (UNDF) is a United Nations detention center located in Arusha in Northern Tanzania.

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United Nations Detention Unit

The United Nations Detention Unit (UNDU) is a UN-administered jail.

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United Nations Disengagement Observer Force

The United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) was established by United Nations Security Council Resolution 350 on 31 May 1974, to implement Resolution 338 (1973) which called for an immediate ceasefire and implementation of United Nations Security Council Resolution 242.

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United Nations Emergency Force

The first United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF) was established by United Nations General Assembly to secure an end to the Suez Crisis with resolution 1001 (ES-I) on November 7, 1956.

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United Nations General Assembly observers

In addition to its UNnum member states, the United Nations General Assembly may grant observer status to an international organization, entity or non-member state, which entitles the entity to participate in the work of the United Nations General Assembly, though with limitations.

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United Nations Interagency Task Force on the Prevention and Control of NCDs

The was established by the United Nations Secretary-General in 2013 in order to provide scaled up action across the UN system to support governments, in particular in low- and middle-income countries, to tackle non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory disease.

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United Nations Mine Action Service

United Nations Mine Action Service (UNMAS) is located in the Established in 1997 by the United Nations General Assembly, UNMAS leads, coordinates and implements all aspects linked to the mitigation of the threats from mines and explosive remnants of war.

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United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara

The United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (بعثة الأمم المتحدة لتنظيم استفتاء في الصحراء الغربية; Mission des Nations Unies pour l'Organisation d'un Référendum au Sahara Occidental; Misión de las Naciones Unidas para la Organización de un Referéndum en el Sáhara Occidental; MINURSO) is the United Nations peacekeeping mission in Western Sahara, established in 1991 under United Nations Security Council Resolution 690 as part of the Settlement Plan, which had paved way for a cease-fire in the conflict between Morocco and the Polisario Front (representing the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic) over the contested territory of Western Sahara (formerly Spanish Sahara).

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United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights

The United Nations Prizes in the Field of Human Rights were instituted by United Nations General Assembly in 1966.

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United Nations Security Council

The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, charged with the maintenance of international peace and security as well as accepting new members to the United Nations and approving any changes to its United Nations Charter.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 1009

United Nations Security Council resolution 1009, adopted unanimously on 10 August 1995, after recalling all resolutions on the situation in the former Yugoslavia including resolutions 981 (1995), 990 (1995) and 994 (1995), the Council demanded that the Government of Croatia strictly observe Security Council resolutions after an offensive by the Croatian Army began on 4 August 1995.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 1010

United Nations Security Council resolution 1010, adopted unanimously on 10 August 1995, after recalling all resolutions on the situation in the former Yugoslavia and reaffirming Resolution 1004 (1995), the Council demanded that the Bosnian Serbs release all detained persons and permit access to them by international humanitarian organisations.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 1019

United Nations Security Council resolution 1019, adopted unanimously on 9 November 1995, after recalling resolutions 1004 (1995) and 1010 (1995) on the situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina and 1009 (1995) concerning Croatia, the Council discussed violations of international humanitarian law in the former Yugoslavia.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 1034

United Nations Security Council resolution 1034, adopted unanimously on 21 December 1995, after recalling previous resolutions including Resolution 1019 (1995), the Council discussed violations of international humanitarian law in the former Yugoslavia, specifically in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 1199

United Nations Security Council resolution 1199, adopted on 23 September 1998, after recalling Resolution 1160 (1998), the Council demanded that the Albanian and Yugoslav parties in Kosovo end hostilities and observe a ceasefire.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 1265

United Nations Security Council resolution 1265, adopted unanimously on 17 September 1999, in the first resolution to address the topic, the Council discussed the protection of civilians during armed conflict.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 1284

United Nations Security Council resolution 1284, adopted on 17 December 1999, after recalling previous relevant resolutions on Iraq, including resolutions 661 (1990), 687 (1991), 699 (1991), 707 (1991), 715 (1991), 986 (1995), 1051 (1996), 1153 (1998), 1175 (1998), 1242 (1999) and 1266 (1999), the Council established the United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission (UNMOVIC) to replace the United Nations Special Commission (UNSCOM).

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 1300

United Nations Security Council resolution 1300, adopted unanimously on 31 May 2000, after considering a report by the Secretary-General Kofi Annan regarding the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF), the Council extended its mandate for a further six months until 30 November 2000.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 1320

United Nations Security Council resolution 1320, adopted unanimously on 15 September 2000, after reaffirming resolutions 1298 (1999), 1308 (2000) and 1312 (2000) on the situation between Eritrea and Ethiopia, and 1308 (2000), the Council deployed a military component as part of the United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE) and extended its mandate until 15 March 2001.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 1398

United Nations Security Council resolution 1398, adopted unanimously on 15 March 2002, after reaffirming resolutions 1298 (1999), 1308 (2000), 1312 (2000), 1320 (2000), 1344 (2001) and 1369 (2001) on the situation between Eritrea and Ethiopia, the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE) until 15 September 2002.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 1405

United Nations Security Council resolution 1405, adopted unanimously on 19 April 2002, after recalling resolutions 242 (1967), 338 (1973), 1397 (2002), 1402 (2002) and 1403 (2002), the Council emphasised the necessity of humanitarian access to the Palestinian population.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 1429

United Nations Security Council resolution 1429, adopted unanimously on 30 July 2002, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in Western Sahara, particularly resolutions 1359 (2001) and 1394 (2001), the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) for six months until 31 January 2003.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 1495

United Nations Security Council resolution 1495, adopted unanimously on 31 July 2003, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in Western Sahara, particularly Resolution 1429 (2002), the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) until 31 October 2003 and supported the Baker Plan put forth by James Baker III, who was at that time the Special Representative for Western Sahara of the Secretary-General Kofi Annan, as a replacement of the 1991 Settlement Plan.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 1598

United Nations Security Council resolution 1598, adopted unanimously on 28 April 2005, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in Western Sahara, including resolutions 1495 (2003), 1541 (2004) and 1570 (2004), the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) until 31 October 2005.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 1634

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1634, adopted unanimously on 28 October 2005, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in Western Sahara, including resolutions 1495 (2003), 1541 (2004) and 1598 (2005), the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) until 30 April 2006.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 1747

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1747 was a United Nations Security Council resolution that tightened the sanctions imposed on Iran in connection with the Iranian nuclear program.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 436

United Nations Security Council Resolution 436, adopted unanimously on October 6, 1978, after noting the deteriorating situation in Lebanon and being deeply grieved at the loss of life in the country, the Council called upon all parties involved in the hostilities to end acts of violence and observe a ceasefire.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 446

United Nations Security Council resolution 446, adopted on 22 March 1979, concerned the issue of Israeli settlements in the "Arab territories occupied by Israel since 1967, including Jerusalem".

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 512

United Nations Security Council resolution 512, adopted unanimously on 19 June 1982, after recalling resolutions 508 (1982), 509 (1982) and reaffirming the Geneva Conventions, the Council reminded all parties involved in the conflict in Lebanon to respect the rights of the civilian population by allowing the free distribution of aid from United Nations agencies and the International Committee of the Red Cross.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 564

United Nations Security Council resolution 564, adopted unanimously on 31 May 1985, after noting the statement made by the President of the Security Council, the Council expressed alarm and concern at the violence involving the civilian population in Lebanon, including at Palestinian refugee camps resulting in casualties.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 582

United Nations Security Council resolution 582, adopted unanimously on 24 February 1986, after noting that the Council had been seized for six years and the continued conflict between Iran and Iraq, the Council deplored the initial acts that started the Iran–Iraq War and continuation of the conflict.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 666

In United Nations Security Council Resolution 666, adopted on September 13, 1990, after recalling resolutions 661 (1990) and 664 (1990) which discussed the humanitarian situation in Iraq and Kuwait and the detention of nationals from foreign countries, the Council decided to ask the 661 Committee to determine if humanitarian needs have arisen and to keep the situation under review.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 681

United Nations Security Council resolution 681, adopted unanimously on 20 December 1990, after receiving the report from the Secretary-General Javier Pérez de Cuéllar authorised in Resolution 672 (1990) regarding the riots at Temple Mount, the Council expressed its concern over Israel's rejection of resolutions 672 (1990) and 673 (1990).

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 686

United Nations Security Council resolution 686, adopted on 2 March 1991, after reaffirming resolutions 660, 661, 662, 664, 665, 666, 667, 669, 670, 674, 677 and 678 (all 1990), the Council noted the suspension of military activities against Iraq and that all twelve resolutions continue to have full force and effect.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 687

United Nations Security Council Resolution 687, adopted on 3 April 1991, after reaffirming resolutions 660, 661, 662, 664, 665, 666, 667, 669, 670, 674, 677, 678 (all 1990) and 686 (1991), the Council set the terms, in a comprehensive resolution, with which Iraq was to comply after losing the Gulf War.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 706

United Nations Security Council resolution 706 decided on a mechanism to allow Iraq to sell oil in return for humanitarian aid from Member States.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 770

United Nations Security Council resolution 770, adopted on 13 August 1992, after reaffirming previous resolutions on the topic, including Resolution 743 (1992), Resolution 749 (1992), Resolution 761 (1992) and Resolution 764 (1992), the Council recognised the humanitarian situation in Sarajevo and other areas in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 771

United Nations Security Council resolution 771, adopted unanimously on 13 August 1992, after reaffirming resolutions 713 (1991), 721 (1991), 724 (1991), 727 (1992), 740 (1992), 743 (1992), 749 (1992), 752 (1992), 757 (1992), 758 (1992), 760 (1992), 761 (1992), 762 (1992), 764 (1992), 769 (1992) and 770 (1992), the Council expressed concern at and condemned widespread violations of international humanitarian law in the territory of the former Yugoslavia and in particular, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 776

United Nations Security Council resolution 776, adopted on 14 September 1992, after reaffirming Resolution 743 (1992) and noting offers of assistance made by Member States since the adoption of Resolution 770 (1992), the Council authorised an increase in the size and strength of the United Nations Protection Force in Bosnia and Herzegovina and other areas of the former Yugoslavia.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 814

United Nations Security Council resolution 814, adopted unanimously on 26 March 1993, after reaffirming resolutions 733 (1992), 746 (1992), 751 (1992), 767 (1992), 775 (1992) and 794 (1993) on the ongoing civil war in Somalia, the Council, acting under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, authorised an extension of the United Nations Operation in Somalia II (UNOSOM II) until 31 October 1993.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 941

United Nations Security Council resolution 941, adopted unanimously on 23 September 1994, after reaffirming all resolutions on the situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Council discussed violations of international humanitarian law in Banja Luka, Bijeljina and other areas of the country.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 968

United Nations Security Council resolution 968, adopted unanimously on 16 December 1994, after noting statements by the President of the Security Council and reports by the Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali on the situation in Tajikistan, the Council established the United Nations Mission of Observers in Tajikistan (UNMOT) and addressed the process of national reconciliation in the country.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 970

United Nations Security Council resolution 970, adopted on 12 January 1995, after reaffirming all resolutions on the situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina in particular Resolution 943 (1994) concerning the border closure between the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) and Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Council decided that measures in that resolution would be suspended for a further period of 100 days.

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 978

United Nations Security Council resolution 978, adopted unanimously on 27 February 1995, after recalling all previous resolutions on Rwanda, including 935 (1994) and 955 (1994), the Council instructed Member States on the arrest and detention of persons responsible for acts during the Rwandan Genocide, within the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR).

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 994

United Nations Security Council resolution 994, adopted unanimously on 17 May 1995, after reaffirming all resolutions on the conflicts in the former Yugoslavia, particularly resolutions 981 (1995), 982 (1995) and 990 (1995), the Council discussed the withdrawal of Croatian Army from the zone of separation and the full deployment of the United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation in Croatia (UNCRO).

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United States Army Nurse Corps

The United States Army Nurse Corps (AN or ANC) was formally established by the U.S. Congress in 1901.

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United States biological weapons program

The United States biological weapons program officially began in spring 1943 on orders from U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt.

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Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin

Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (abbreviated as UniSZA; Jawi: اونيۏرسيتي سلطان زين العابدين; Sultan Zainal Abidin University) is the 18th public institution of higher learning, located in the state of Terengganu, Malaysia.

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University of Belgrade Faculty of Political Sciences

The Faculty of Political Sciences (Факултет политичких наука Универзитета у Београду / Fakultet političkih nauka Univerziteta u Beogradu., abbreviated FPN) is a constituent institution of the University of Belgrade which focuses on education and research in the fields of political science, international relations, journalism and communication studies, and social policy and social work.

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University of Lausanne

The University of Lausanne (UNIL, French: Université de Lausanne) in Lausanne, Switzerland was founded in 1537 as a school of theology, before being made a university in 1890.

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University of Toronto Schools

University of Toronto Schools (UTS) is an independent secondary day school affiliated with the University of Toronto in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

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University of Waterloo Faculty of Mathematics

The Faculty of Mathematics is one of six faculties of the University of Waterloo in Waterloo, Ontario.

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University of Zurich

The University of Zurich (UZH, Universität Zürich), located in the city of Zürich, is the largest university in Switzerland, with over 25,000 students.

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Unlawful combatant

An unlawful combatant, illegal combatant or unprivileged combatant/belligerent is a person who directly engages in armed conflict in violation of the laws of war.

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Uri Geller

Uri Geller (אורי גלר; born 20 December 1946) is an Israeli illusionist, magician, television personality, and self-proclaimed psychic.

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USS Lawrence (DD-250)

The fourth USS Lawrence (DD-250) was a ''Clemson''-class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War II.

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Vaharai bombing

The Vaharai bombing is a disputed event in the Sri Lankan civil war.

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Valentin Bulgakov

Valentin Fyodorovich Bulgakov (Валентин Фёдорович Булгаков; 25 November 1886 in Kuznetsk, Russian Empire – 22 September 1966 in Yasnaya Polyana, Tula Oblast, Soviet Union) was the last secretary of Leo Tolstoy and his biographer.

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Valerian Trifa

Valerian Trifa (monastic name of Viorel D. Trifa, known in Eastern Orthodox Church records as Valerian (Trifa); June 28, 1914 – January 28, 1987) was a Romanian Orthodox cleric and former fascist political activist, who served as archbishop of the Romanian Orthodox Church in America and Canada.

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Valle del Cauca Deputies hostage crisis

The Valle del Cauca Deputies hostage crisis (Secuestro de los diputados del Valle del Cauca) refers to the kidnapping of 12 Deputies of the Valle del Cauca Department, Colombia, on April 12, 2002 by members of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) to pressure a prisoner exchange between them and the government and to negotiate the demilitarization of the municipalities of Florida and Pradera to initiate peace dialogues.

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Vargas tragedy

The 1999 Vargas tragedy was a disaster that struck the Vargas State of Venezuela on 15 December 1999, when the torrential rains and the flash floods and debris flows that followed on December 14–16 which killed tens of thousands of people, destroyed thousands of homes, and led to the complete collapse of the state's infrastructure.

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Vatche Arslanian

Vatche Arslanian (1955 – April 8, 2003) was a member of the Canadian Red Cross and head of logistics for the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in Iraq.

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Vehicle registration plates of Georgia (country)

Vehicle registration plates of Georgia are composed of an embossed serial of two letters, a hyphen, three numbers, a hyphen, and two letters (e.g. AB-123-AB), in black on a white background with a blue vertical strip on the left.

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Vehicle registration plates of Kyrgyzstan

Kyrgyz registration plates were first issued in 1980, when the country was still a republic of the Soviet Union.

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Vehicle registration plates of Russia

Vehicle registration plates are the mandatory number plates used to display the registration mark of a vehicle, and have existed in Russia for many decades.

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Vehicle registration plates of Serbia

Vehicle registration plates of Serbia are issued using a two-letter region code, followed by three or four-digit numeric and a two-letter alpha license code, separated by a hyphen (e.g., BG 123-AA or BG 1233-AA).

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Velepromet camp

The Velepromet camp was a detention facility established in the final days of the Battle of Vukovar during the Croatian War of Independence.

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Venture Scouts (Scouting Ireland)

Venture Scouts in Scouting Ireland are aged between 15 and 17 years of age.

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Verena Huber-Dyson

Verena Esther Huber-Dyson (May 6, 1923 – March 12, 2016) was a Swiss-American mathematician, known for work in group theory and formal logic.

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Verna Gillis

Verna Gillis (born 1942) is a free-lance producer who has gained recognition for her work promoting and producing music from various cultural backgrounds.

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Versoix

Versoix is a municipality in the Canton of Geneva, Switzerland, which sits on the north-west side of Lac Léman north-east of the city of Geneva.

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Victims of Yalta

Victims of Yalta (British title) or The Secret Betrayal (American title) is a 1977 book by Nikolai Tolstoy that chronicles the fate of Soviet citizens who had been under German control during World War II and at its end fallen into the hands of the Western Allies.

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Vietnamese border raids in Thailand

After the 1978 Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia and defeat of Democratic Kampuchea in 1979, the anti-Hanoi Khmer Rouge fled to the border regions of Thailand, and, with assistance from China, Pol Pot's troops managed to regroup and reorganise in forested and mountainous zones on the Thai-Cambodian border.

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Visa policies of British Overseas Territories

The British Overseas Territories maintain their own rules regarding immigration requirements different from the visa policy of the United Kingdom, but remain under its sovereignty.

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Voisin III

The Voisin III was a French two-seat bomber and ground attack aircraft of World War I, among the earliest of its kind.

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Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights

The Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights is a collaborative effort by governments, major multinational extractive companies, and NGOs to provide guidance to companies on tangible steps that they can take to minimize the risk of human rights abuses in communities located near extraction sites.

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Vukovar massacre

The Vukovar massacre, also known as the Vukovar hospital massacre or the Ovčara massacre, was the killing of Croatian prisoners of war and civilians by Serb paramilitaries, to whom they had been turned over by the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA), at the Ovčara farm southeast of Vukovar on 20 November 1991, during the Croatian War of Independence.

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Wais Barmak

Wais Ahmad Barmak (born 1972) is a politician in Afghanistan.

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Walk for Iraq

Walk for Iraq is a fundraising movement for providing humanitarian aid to Iraqi people.

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Walling

Walling is a method of torture used by the CIA in which a person's neck is encircled by a collar, and the collar then used to slam the person against a wall.

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Wally Badarou

Waliou Jacques Daniel Isheola "Wally" Badarou (born 22 March 1955) is a French-born musician from Benin, West-Africa.

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Walter Wojdakowski

Walter Wojdakowski (born March 29, 1950) is a retired United States Army Major General.

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War and environmental law

War can heavily damage the environment, and warring countries often place operational requirements ahead of environmental concerns for the duration of the war.

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War crime

A war crime is an act that constitutes a serious violation of the laws of war that gives rise to individual criminal responsibility.

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War crimes in the Kosovo War

The War crimes in the Kosovo War were a series of war crimes committed during the Kosovo War (early 1998 – 11 June 1999).

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War crimes trial

A war crimes trial is the trial of persons charged with criminal violation of the laws and customs of war and related principles of international law committed during armed conflict.

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War in Afghanistan (1978–present)

This article covers the history of Afghanistan since the communist military coup on 27 April 1978, known as the Saur Revolution, when the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) took power.

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War in Donbass

The War in Donbass is an armed conflict in the Donbass region of Ukraine.

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War of the Pacific

The War of the Pacific (Guerra del Pacífico), also known as the Salpeter War (Guerra del Salitre) and by multiple other names (see the etymology section below) was a war between Chile on one side and a Bolivian-Peruvian alliance on the other.

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War Refugee Board

The War Refugee Board, established by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in January 1944, was a U.S. executive agency to aid civilian victims of the Nazi and Axis powers.

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Waterboarding

Waterboarding is a form of water torture in which water is poured over a cloth covering the face and breathing passages of an immobilized captive, causing the individual to experience the sensation of drowning.

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Wauwilermoos internment camp

Wauwilermoos was an internment camp and prisoner-of-war penal camp in Switzerland during World War II.

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Władysław Sikorski

Władysław Eugeniusz Sikorski (20 May 1881 – 4 July 1943) was a Polish military and political leader.

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West Bank

The West Bank (الضفة الغربية; הגדה המערבית, HaGadah HaMa'aravit) is a landlocked territory near the Mediterranean coast of Western Asia, the bulk of it now under Israeli control, or else under joint Israeli-Palestinian Authority control.

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Western Sahara

Western Sahara (الصحراء الغربية, Taneẓroft Tutrimt, Spanish and French: Sahara Occidental) is a disputed territory in the Maghreb region of North Africa, partially controlled by the self-proclaimed Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic and partially Moroccan-occupied, bordered by Morocco proper to the north, Algeria to the northeast, Mauritania to the east and south, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west.

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White Flag incident

White Flag incident is the massacre of surrendering LTTE leaders and their families by the Sri Lankan Army on 18 May 2009 in Mullivaikal, Mullaitivu, Vanni, Sri Lanka.LTTE's Political Wing leader Balasingham Nadesan and Pulidevan agreed to surrender and they contacted the United Nations, the governments of Norway, United Kingdom, United States and also ICRC and had been assured by Mahinda Rajapaksa and told to surrender at a particular place by the Basil Rajapakse.

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Wieland Förster

Wieland Förster (born 12 February 1930) is a German sculptor, artist and writer.

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WikiLeaks

WikiLeaks is an international non-profit organisation that publishes secret information, news leaks, and classified media provided by anonymous sources.

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William G. Farrow

William Glover Farrow (24 September 1918 – 15 October 1942) was a lieutenant in the United States Army Air Corps who participated in the Doolittle Raid.

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William Warder Cadbury

William Warder Cadbury (Chinese name: 嘉惠霖 Jiā Huìlín; 1877 – 1959 Oct. 15) was an American physician, professor, researcher, author, and medical missionary (photo). After graduating from University of Pennsylvania's Medical School, he traveled to Canton (Guangzhou), China, where he eventually became the most well known internal medicine doctor in the region during the time period of the Republic of China.

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Win Tin

Win Tin (ဝင်းတင်,, 12 March 1930 – 21 April 2014) was a Burmese journalist, politician and political prisoner.

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Woodrow Wilson

Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856 – February 3, 1924) was an American statesman and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921.

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World government

World government or global government is the notion of a common political authority for all of humanity, yielding a global government and a single state that exercises authority over the entire Earth.

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World Health Assembly

The World Health Assembly (WHA) is the forum through which the World Health Organization (WHO) is governed by its 194 member states.

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World Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO; French: Organisation mondiale de la santé) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international public health.

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World Jewish Congress

The World Jewish Congress (WJC) was founded in Geneva, Switzerland, in August 1936 as an international federation of Jewish communities and organizations.

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World Medical Association

The World Medical Association (WMA) is an international and independent confederation of free professional medical associations, therefore representing physicians worldwide.

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World Policy Conference

The World Policy Conference (WPC) is an independent organization whose aim is to contribute to improving all aspects of governance, with a view to promoting a world that is more open, prosperous, fairer and more respectful of the diversity of States and nations.

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World Red Cross and Red Crescent Day

World Red Cross and Red Crescent Day is an annual celebration of the principles of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.

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World Summit of Nobel Peace Laureates

The World Summit of Nobel Peace Laureates was initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev in the 90s, as a forum in which the Nobel Peace Laureates and the Peace Laureate Organizations could come together to address global issues with a view to encourage and support peace and human well being in the world.

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World Tuberculosis Day

World Tuberculosis Day, observed on 24 March each year, is designed to build public awareness about the global epidemic of tuberculosis (TB) and efforts to eliminate the disease.

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World War I

World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.

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World War I prisoners of war in Germany

The situation of World War I prisoners of war in Germany is an aspect of the conflict little covered by historical research.

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World Water Day

World Water Day is an annual UN observance day (always on 22 March) that highlights the importance of freshwater.

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Xiyue Wang

Xiyue Wang (born c. 1980) is an American PhD candidate in the Department of History at Princeton University.

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Yad Vashem

Yad Vashem (יָד וַשֵׁם; literally, "a monument and a name") is Israel's official memorial to the victims of the Holocaust.

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Yamit

Yamit (ימית) was an Israeli settlement in the northern part of the Sinai Peninsula with a population of about 2,500 people.

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Yarze Prison

Yarze Prison is a Lebanese prison located in Southeast direction of Beirut.

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Yasmin Sooka

Yasmin Louise Sooka is a leading human rights lawyer, the Executive Director of the Foundation for Human Rights in South Africa and a trustee of the Desmond Tutu Peace Centre.

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Yekaterina Mikhailova-Demina

Ekaterina Illarionovna Mikhailova-Demina (Екатерина Илларионовна Михайлова-Дёмина; born 22 December 1925) is the only woman who served in front-line reconnaissance in the Soviet marines during World War II.

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Yellow-star house

The yellow-star houses were a network of almost 1,950 designated compulsory places of residence for around 220,000 Budapest Jews from 21 June 1944 until late November 1944.

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Yemeni Civil War (2015–present)

The Yemeni Civil War is an ongoing conflict that began in 2015 between two factions, each claiming to constitute the Yemeni government, along with their supporters and allies.

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YMCA

The Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA), often simply called the Y, is a worldwide organization based in Geneva, Switzerland, with more than 58 million beneficiaries from 125 national associations.

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Yom Kippur War

The Yom Kippur War, Ramadan War, or October War (or מלחמת יום כיפור,;,, or حرب تشرين), also known as the 1973 Arab–Israeli War, was a war fought from October 6 to 25, 1973, by a coalition of Arab states led by Egypt and Syria against Israel.

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Yoram Dinstein

Yoram Dinstein is a scholar and Professor Emeritus at Tel Aviv University.

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Yosef Yitzchak Schneersohn

Yosef Yitzchak (Joseph Isaac) Schneersohn (יוסף יצחק שניאורסאהן; June 21, 1880 – January 28, 1950) was an Orthodox rabbi and the sixth Rebbe (spiritual leader) of the Chabad Lubavitch chasidic movement.

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Yves Daccord

Yves Daccord (born in 1964) is the Director-General of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC).

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Yvonne Oddon

Yvonne Oddon (1902–1982) was one of the leaders in the reformation of French libraries and a member of the French Resistance in World War II.

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YWCA

The World Young Women's Christian Association (World YWCA) is a movement working for the empowerment, leadership and rights of women, young women and girls in more than 120 countries.

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Zaatari refugee camp

Zaatari (Arabic: مخيم الزعتري) is a refugee camp in Jordan, located east of Mafraq, which is gradually evolving into a permanent settlement.

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Zamboanga City crisis

The Zamboanga City crisis or Zamboanga Siege was an armed conflict in Zamboanga City, Philippines between the forces of the Philippine government and a faction of the Moro National Liberation Front, generally known by other factions as the Rogue MNLF Elements (RME) under the Sulu State Revolutionary Command (SSRC) led by Ustadz Habier Malik and Khaid Ajibon, whose group continues to recognize Nur Misuari as MNLF Chairman.

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Zapad 2017 exercise

WEST 2017 («Запад-2017») was a joint strategic military exercise of the armed forces of the Russian Federation and Belarus (the Union State) that formally began on 14 September 2017 and ended on 20 September 2017, in Belarus as well as in Russia's Kaliningrad Oblast and Russia′s other north-western areas.

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Ziad Abu Ein

Ziad Abu Ein, also spelled Ziad Abu Ain, (زياد أبو عين; 22 November 1959 – 10 December 2014) was a Palestinian politician.

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Zimex Aviation

Zimex Aviation Ltd. is an airline based in Glattbrugg, Switzerland.

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Zinaida Tusnolobova-Marchenko

Zinaida Tusnolobova-Marchenko was a Senior Medical NCO of the Red Army medical service in the 849th Rifle Regiment during World War II.

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Zuzana Chalupová

Zuzana Chalupová (Зузана Халупова / Zuzana Halupova; 1925–2001) was a Serbian naïve painter of Slovak origin, who was born and lived her whole life in the town of Kovačica, Serbia.

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1863

January-March.

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1863 in science

The year 1863 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

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1864

No description.

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1875

No description.

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1917

This year was famous for the October Revolution in Russia, by Vladimir Lenin.

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1928

No description.

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1936 in aviation

This is a list of aviation-related events from 1936.

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1942

Below, events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.

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1944

Below, events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.

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1945 in Afghanistan

The following lists events that happened during 1945 in Afghanistan.

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1947 Mirpur massacre

The 1947 Mirpur Massacre was the killing of thousands of Hindu and Sikh refugees in Mirpur of today's Azad Kashmir, by armed Pakistani tribesmen and soldiers during the First Kashmir War.

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1961 Dufour

1961 Dufour, provisional designation, is a carbonaceous asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 50 kilometers in diameter.

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1963

No description.

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1968 in aviation

This is a list of aviation-related events from 1968.

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1982 Iranian diplomats kidnapping

Three Iranian diplomats as well as a reporter of Islamic Republic News Agency (IRNA) were abducted in Lebanon on 4 July 1982.

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1982 Lebanon War

The 1982 Lebanon War, dubbed Operation Peace for Galilee (מבצע שלום הגליל, or מבצע של"ג Mivtsa Shlom HaGalil or Mivtsa Sheleg) by the Israeli government, later known in Israel as the Lebanon War or the First Lebanon War (מלחמת לבנון הראשונה, Milhemet Levanon Harishona), and known in Lebanon as "the invasion" (الاجتياح, Al-ijtiyāḥ), began on 6 June 1982, when the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) invaded southern Lebanon, after repeated attacks and counter-attacks between the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) operating in southern Lebanon and the IDF that had caused civilian casualties on both sides of the border.

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1983 Beirut barracks bombings

The 1983 Beirut barracks bombing was a suicide attack that occurred on October 23, 1983, in Beirut, Lebanon, during the Lebanese Civil War.

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1993-2016 military reforms in Azerbaijan

Through and post-Karabakh war period showed the importance of taking actions to improve the field of military for Azerbaijan.

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1998 abduction of foreign engineers in Chechnya

The 1998 abduction of foreign engineers took place when four United Kingdom-based specialists were seized by unidentified Chechen gunmen in Grozny, the capital of the unrecognized secessionist Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (ChRI).

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1998 in Afghanistan

The following lists events that happened during 1998 in Afghanistan.

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1999 East Timorese crisis

The 1999 East Timorese crisis began with attacks by anti-independence militants on civilians, and expanded to general violence throughout the country, centered in the capital Dili.

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1999 Vietnamese floods

The 1999 Vietnamese floods affected Vietnam in late 1999 and were the worst floods the country had experienced in a century.

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2000 Hezbollah cross-border raid

In the 2000 Hezbollah cross-border raid Hezbollah militants captured three IDF soldiers; Benny Avraham, Adi Avitan and Omar Sawaid, while they were patrolling the security fence along the border with Lebanon, and took them across the border.

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2001 in Afghanistan

The following lists events that happened during 2001 in Afghanistan.

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2001 insurgency in the Republic of Macedonia

The 2001 insurgency in the Republic of Macedonia was an armed conflict which began when the ethnic Albanian National Liberation Army (NLA) militant group attacked the security forces of the Republic of Macedonia at the beginning of February 2001, and ended with the Ohrid Agreement.

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2002 in Afghanistan

The following lists events that happened during 2002 in Afghanistan.

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2003 Baghdad bombings

The 27 October 2003 Baghdad bombings were the simultaneous suicide car bombings targeting the Red Cross compound, and four Iraqi police stations in Baghdad.

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2003 in Afghanistan

2003 in Afghanistan.

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2003 Nasiriyah bombing

The 2003 Nasiriyah bombing was a suicide attack on the Italian military police headquarters in Nasiriyah, Iraq, south of Baghdad on 12 November, 2003.

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2004 in Canada

Events from the year 2004 in Canada.

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2004 in Switzerland

Events from 2004 in Switzerland.

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2005 Andijan Unrest

The 2005 Andijan Unrest occurred when Uzbek Interior Ministry (MVD) and National Security Service (SNB) troops fired into a crowd of protesters in Andijan in the Republic of Uzbekistan on 13 May 2005.

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2005 Quran desecration controversy

The 2005 Quran desecration controversy began when Newsweek April 30, 2005 issue contained a report asserting that United States prison guards or interrogators had deliberately damaged a copy of the Quran.

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2006 Lebanon War photographs controversies

The 2006 Lebanon War photographs controversies (also referred to as 'Hizbollywood' or 'Hezbollywood')',' Der Tagesspiegel 9 August 2006 refers to instances of photojournalism from the 2006 Lebanon War that misrepresented scenes of death and destruction in Lebanon caused by Israeli air attacks.

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2007 Birthday Honours

The Birthday Honours 2007 for the Commonwealth realms were announced on 17 June 2007, to celebrate the Queen's Birthday of 2007.

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2007 in Afghanistan

Events from the year 2007 in Afghanistan.

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2007 Iranian arrest of Royal Navy personnel

Iranian military personnel arrested 15 Royal Navy personnel in 2007 and held them for 13 days.

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2007 South Korean hostage crisis in Afghanistan

The 2007 Korean hostage crisis in Afghanistan began on July 19, 2007, when 23 Korean missionaries were captured and held hostage by members of the Taliban while passing through Ghazni Province of Afghanistan.

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2007–08 Ethiopian crackdown in Ogaden

The 2007–2008 Ethiopian crackdown in Ogaden was a military campaign by the Ethiopian Army against the Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF).

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2008 breach of the Gaza–Egypt border

The 2008 breach of the Gaza–Egypt border began on 23 January after Hamas militants in the Gaza Strip set off an explosion near the Rafah border crossing, destroying part of the 2003 wall.

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2008 in Iraq

Events in the year 2008 in Iraq.

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2008 Pétion-Ville school collapse

The Pétion-Ville school collapse occurred on November 7, 2008, in Pétion-Ville, a suburb of Port-au-Prince, Haiti, when the church-operated Collège La Promesse Évangélique ("The Evangelical Promise School") collapsed at around 10:00 a.m. local time (15:00 GMT).

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2008 Zimbabwean cholera outbreak

The 2008 Zimbabwean cholera outbreak was an epidemic of cholera affecting much of Zimbabwe from August 2008 until June 2009.

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2009 in Sri Lanka

No description.

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2009 Kunduz airstrike

The 2009 Kunduz airstrike took place on Friday 4 September 2009 at roughly 2:30 am local time, southwest of Kunduz City, Kunduz province in northern Afghanistan, near the hamlets of Omar Kheil by the border of the Chahar Dara and Ali Abad districts.

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2009 Samoa earthquake and tsunami

The 2009 Samoa earthquake and tsunami took place on 29 September 2009 in the southern Pacific Ocean adjacent to the Kermadec-Tonga subduction zone.

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2010 Haiti earthquake

The 2010 Haiti earthquake (Séisme de 2010 à Haïti; Tranblemanntè 12 janvye 2010 nan peyi Ayiti) was a catastrophic magnitude 7.0 Mw earthquake, with an epicenter near the town of Léogâne (Ouest), approximately west of Port-au-Prince, Haiti's capital.

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2010 in Afghanistan

Events from the year 2010 in Afghanistan.

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2010 Mardakert skirmishes

The 2010 Mardakert skirmishes were a series of violations of the Nagorno-Karabakh War ceasefire.

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2010 Pakistan floods

The floods in Pakistan began in late July 2010, resulting from heavy monsoon rains in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Sindh, Punjab and, Balochistan regions of Pakistan, which affected the Indus River basin.

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2010 Sahel famine

A large-scale, drought-induced famine occurred in Africa's Sahel region and many parts of the neighboring Sénégal River Area from February to August 2010.

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2011 East Africa drought

Between July 2011 and mid-2012, a severe drought affected the entire East Africa region.

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2012 Benghazi attack

The 2012 Benghazi attack was a coordinated attack against two United States government facilities in Benghazi, Libya by members of the Islamic militant group Ansar al-Sharia.

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2012 Kufra conflict

The 2012 Kufra conflict started in the aftermath of the Libyan civil war, and involved armed clashes between the Tobu and Zuwayya tribes in the Kufra area of Cyrenaica, Libya.

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2012 Yiliang earthquakes

On 7 September 2012, a series of earthquakes occurred in Yiliang County, Zhaotong, Yunnan.

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2012–13 escalation of the Syrian Civil War

The 2012–13 escalation of the Syrian Civil War refers to the third phase of the Syrian Civil War, which gradually escalated from a UN-mediated cease fire attempt during April–May 2012 and deteriorated into radical violence, escalating the conflict level to a full-fledged civil war.

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2014 Israel–Gaza conflict

The 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict also known as Operation Protective Edge (מִבְצָע צוּק אֵיתָן, Miv'tza Tzuk Eitan, lit. "Operation Strong Cliff") and sometimes referred to as the 2014 Gaza war, was a military operation launched by Israel on 8 July 2014 in the Hamas-ruled Gaza Strip.

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2014 Israeli shelling of UNRWA Gaza shelters

The 2014 Israeli shelling of UNRWA Gaza sheltersThere were seven shellings at UNRWA facilities in the Gaza Strip which took place between 21 July and 3 August 2014 during the Israeli-Gaza conflict.

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2015 China Victory Day Parade

The 2015 China Victory Day parade was a military parade held along Changan Avenue, Beijing, on 3 September 2015 to celebrate the 70th anniversary of Victory over Japan Day of World War II.

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2016 in aviation

This is a list of aviation-related events from 2016.

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2016 Nagorno-Karabakh clashes

The Four-Day War or April War, began along the Nagorno-Karabakh line of contact on 1 April 2016 with the Artsakh Defense Army, backed by the Armenian Armed Forces, on one side and the Azerbaijani Armed Forces on the other.

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2016–18 Kashmir unrest

The 2016–18 unrest in Kashmir, also known as the Burhan aftermath, refers to a series of violent protests in the Kashmir Valley of the Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir.

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2017 in aviation

This is a list of aviation-related events from 2017.

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2017 in Georgia (country)

The following lists events in 2017 in Georgia.

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2017 Iran–Iraq earthquake

On 12 November 2017 at 18:18 UTC (21:48 Iran Standard Time, 21:18 Arabia Standard Time), an earthquake with a moment magnitude of 7.3 occurred on the Iran–Iraq border, just inside Iran, in Ezgeleh, Salas-e Babajani County, Kermanshah Province, with an epicentre approximately south of the city of Halabja, Iraqi Kurdistan.

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2017 Nigerian refugee camp bombing

On 17 January 2017, a Nigerian Air Force jet mistakenly bombed an IDP camp near the Cameroonian border in Rann, Borno State.

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2018 Kabul ambulance bombing

On 27 January 2018, an ambulance was used as a vehicle-borne improvised explosive device near the Sidarat Square in Kabul, Afghanistan.

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Redirects here:

Comité international de la Croix-Rouge, ICRC, IKRK, International Committee of Red Cross, International Red Cross, International Red Cross and Red Crescent Committee, International committee of the red cross, Junior Red Cross, RCY, Red Cross Youth, Red Cross of Geneva, The International Committee of the Red Cross.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross