Lavrentiy Beria

Lavrentiy Pavlovich Beria (p; tr,; 29 March 1899 – 23 December 1953) was a Soviet politician, Marshal of the Soviet Union and state security administrator, chief of the Soviet security and secret police apparatus (NKVD) under Joseph Stalin during World War II, and promoted to deputy premier under Stalin from 1941. ^[1]

Abdurakhman Avtorkhanov

Abdurakhman Genazovich (Ganazovich) Avtorkhanov (Абдурахма́н Гена́зович (Гана́зович) Авторха́нов, 23 October 1908, Lakha Nevri, Chechnya – 24 April 1997, Munich, Germany) was an acclaimed historian who worked primarily in the fields of Soviet history and History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU).

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Abkhazia

Abkhazia (Аҧсны́; აფხაზეთი; p) is a territory on the eastern coast of the Black Sea, south of the Greater Caucasus mountains, in northwestern Georgia.

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Active measures

Active measures (активные мероприятия) is a term for the actions of political warfare conducted by the Soviet and Russian security services (Cheka, OGPU, NKVD, KGB, FSB) to influence the course of world events, in addition to collecting intelligence and producing "politically correct" assessment of it.

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Aghasi Khanjian

Aghasi Khanjian (Աղասի Խանջյան; Агаси Гевондович Ханджян, Agasi Gevondovich Khandzhyan) (January 30, 1901 – July 6, 1936) was First Secretary of the Communist Party of Armenia from May 1930 to July 1936.

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Ain-Ervin Mere

Ain Mere (from birth to Estification Ervin Martson; February 22, 1903 – April 5, 1969) was an Estonian military officer and collaborator with Nazi Germany in World War II.

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Akaki Mgeladze

Akaki Mgeladze (აკაკი მგელაძე; Ака́кий Ива́нович Мгела́дзе; 1910–1980) was a Soviet politician.

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Aleksandre Mirtskhulava

Aleksandre Mirtskhulava or Aleksandr Iordanovich Mirtskhulava (ალექსანდრე იორდანეს ძე მირცხულავა; Александр Иорданович Мирцхулава) (May 12, 1911 – June 9, 2009) was a Georgian politician who was the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Georgian SSR from 14 April to 20 September 1953.

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Alexander Catsch

Alexander Catsch (also Katsch; 1913–1976) was a German-Russian medical doctor and radiation biologist.

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Alexander Mantashev

Alexander Mantashev (Aleksandr Mantashiants;, Aleksandr Ivanovich Mantashev; 3 March 1842 – 19 April 1911 and was buried on 30 April in the Armenian Pantheon of Tbilisi) was a prominent Armenian oil magnate, industrialist, financier, and a philanthropist.

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Alexander Miasnikian

Alexander Miasnikian, Myasnikyan or Myasnikov (Ալեքսանդր Մյասնիկյան; Алекса́ндр Фёдорович Мяснико́в; Alexander Fyodorovich Myasnikov; 28 January 1886 – 22 March 1925) was an Armenian Bolshevik revolutionary and official.

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Alexander Novikov

Alexander Alexandrovich Novikov (Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Но́виков; – December 3, 1976) was the Chief marshal of the aviation for the Soviet Air Force during Russia's involvement in the Second World War.

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Alexander Orlov (Soviet defector)

Alexander Mikhailovich Orlov (Александр Михайлович Орлов) (born Leiba Lazarevich Feldbin; 21 August 1895 – 25 March 1973), was Major in the Soviet secret police and NKVD Rezident in the Second Spanish Republic.

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Alexander Poskrebyshev

Alexander Nikolaevich Poskrebyshev (Александр Николаевич Поскрёбышев; 7 August 1891 – 3 January 1965) was a Soviet politician and a state and Communist Party functionary.

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Alexander von Benckendorff

Count Alexander Carl Wilhelm Christoph von Benckendorff, (граф Александр Христофорович Бенкендорф, Aleksandr Khristoforovich Benkendorf), was a Russian Cavalry General and statesman, Adjutant General of Tsar Alexander I, a commander of partisan (Kossak irregular) units during the War of 1812-13.

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Aliheydar Garayev

Aliheydar Garayev Agakerim oglu (Əliheydər Qarayev Ağakərim oğlu) (June 20, 1896 - April 24, 1938) also spelled as Aliheydar Qarayev, was a Menshevik-turned-Bolshevik revolutionary, People's Commissar of Justice of Azerbaijan SSR, People's Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs of Azerbaijan during Soviet period.

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Allegations of biological warfare in the Korean War

Allegations that the United States military used biological weapons in the Korean War (1950–53) were raised by the governments of People's Republic of China, the Soviet Union and North Korea.

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American Public Relations Forum

The American Public Relations Forum (APRF) was a conservative anti-communist organization for Catholic women, established in southern California in 1952 with its headquarters in Burbank.

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Anastas Mikoyan

Anastas Ivanovich Mikoyan (25 November 1895 – 21 October 1978) was a Soviet Armenian revolutionary, Old Bolshevik and statesman during the mandates of Lenin, Stalin, Khrushchev and Brezhnev.

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Andrei Zhdanov

Andrei Alexandrovich Zhdanov (p; – 31 August 1948) was a Soviet Communist Party leader and cultural ideologist.

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Andrey Andreyevich Andreyev

Andrey Andreyevich Andreyev (Андре́й Андре́евич Андре́ев; 30 October 1895 – 5 December 1971) was a Soviet Communist politician who rose to power during the rule of Joseph Stalin, joining the Politburo as a candidate member in 1926 and as a full member in 1932.

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Andrey Vyshinsky

Andrey Yanuaryevich Vyshinsky (italic; Andrzej Wyszyński) (– 22 November 1954) was a Soviet politician, jurist and diplomat.

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Andrzej Grzegorczyk

Andrzej Grzegorczyk (22 August 1922 – 20 March 2014) was a Polish logician, mathematician, philosopher, and ethicist noted for his work in computability, mathematical logic, and the foundations of mathematics.

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Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1946)

The anti-communist resistance in Poland, also referred to as the Polish anti-Communist insurrection fought between 1944 and 1946 (and up until 1953), was an armed struggle by the Polish Underground against the Soviet takeover of Poland at the end of World War II in Europe.

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Anti-Katyn

Anti-Katyn (Anty-Katyń, Анти-Катынь) is a propaganda campaign intended to reduce the impact of the Katyn massacre of 1940 — when approximately 22,000 Polish citizens were murdered by the NKVD on the orders of Joseph Stalin — by referencing the deaths of thousands of Russian and Red Army soldiers at Polish internment camps from 1919–1924.

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Anti-Party Group

The Anti-Party Group (r) was a group within the leadership of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union that unsuccessfully attempted to depose Nikita Khrushchev as First Secretary of the Party in June 1957.

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Anton Antonov-Ovseyenko

Anton Vladimirovich Antonov-Ovseyenko (Анто́н Влади́мирович Анто́нов-Овсе́енко; 23 February 1920, Moscow, RSFSR – 9 July 2013, Moscow, Russia) was a Russian historian and writer.

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Apocalypse: The Second World War

Apocalypse: The Second World War (French: Apocalypse, la 2e Guerre mondiale) (2009) is a six-part French documentary by Daniel Costelle and Isabelle Clarke about the Second World War.

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April 1943

The following events occurred in April 1943.

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April 1950

The following events occurred in April 1950.

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Archangel (2005 film)

Archangel - An adaptation of the eponymous novel by Robert Harris (1998).

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Archangel (Harris novel)

Archangel is a novel by Robert Harris set in modern Russia.

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Armenia–Georgia relations

Armenian–Georgian relations refers to foreign relations between Armenia and Georgia.

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Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic

Armenia (translit,; Армения; Armeniya), officially the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic (Armenian SSR; translit; translit), also commonly referred to as Soviet Armenia, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union in December 1922 located in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia.

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Armenian victims of the Great Purge

A number of Armenian intellectuals, Bolshevik and later Communist statesmen, military and religious figures were killed during the Great Purge in 1930s by the Stalinist regime in an attempt to wipe out all political opposition in the Soviet Union.

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Armenians in Abkhazia

The Armenians in Abkhazia form the second largest ethnic group in Abkhazia after the Abkhaz.

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Armenians in Crimea

Armenians have maintained a presence in the Crimea since the Middle Ages.

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Attack on the NKVD Camp in Rembertów

On May 21, 1945, a unit of the Polish Home Army (Armia Krajowa, AK), led by Colonel Edward Wasilewski, attacked a Soviet NKVD camp located in Rembertów in the eastern outskirts of Warsaw.

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August 1946

The following events occurred in August 1946.

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August Uprising

The August Uprising (აგვისტოს აჯანყება, agvistos adjanq’eba) was an unsuccessful insurrection against Soviet rule in the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic from late August to early September 1924.

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Australia–Russia relations

Australia–Russia relations (Российско-австралийские отношения) date back to 1807, when the Russian warship ''Neva'' arrived in Sydney as part of its circumnavigation of the globe.

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Autograph

Autograph is a famous person's artistic signature.

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Autokrator (metal band)

Autokrator is a French death metal band, formed in 2014.

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Avraami Zavenyagin

Lieutenant-General Avraami Pavlovich Zavenyagin (1 May 1901, Uzlovaya – 31 December 1956; his first name is also sometimes given as Avram or Abraham) was a leading figure in the Soviet nuclear projects of the 1940s and 1950s.

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Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University

Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University (formerly Azerbaijan State Oil Academy) Azərbaycan Respublikası Prezidentinin 3 sentyabr 2015-ci il tarixli Sərəncamı.

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Back in the USSA

Back in the USSA is a collection of seven short stories by Eugene Byrne and Kim Newman, which was published in 1997 by Mark V. Ziesing Books.

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Barrier troops

Barrier troops, blocking units, or anti-retreat forces are troops that are placed behind the front lines during a battle in order to shoot any soldiers attempting to retreat or escape from the battle.

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Battle of Sinoia

The Battle of Sinoia was a small military engagement fought near Sinoia (modern-day Chinhoyi) between a small group of Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army (ZANLA) guerrillas and Rhodesian police on 28 April 1966.

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Beqir Balluku

Beqir Balluku (February 14, 1917 – November 5, 1974) was an Albanian politician, military leader, and Minister of Defense of Albania.

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Beria (disambiguation)

Beria may refer to.

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BIFA Award for Best Supporting Actor

The British Independent Film Award for Best Supporting Actor is an annual award given to the Best Supporting Actor in a British film.

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Blooper

A blooper is a short clip from a film or video production, usually a deleted scene, containing a mistake made by a member of the cast or crew.

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Bob Hoskins

Robert William Hoskins (26 October 1942 – 29 April 2014) was an English actor.

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Bogdan Kobulov

Bogdan Kobulov (Богда́н Заха́рович Кобу́лов; 1 March 1904 – 23 December 1953) was a Soviet politician and member of the Soviet security and police apparatus during the rule of Joseph Stalin, as was his younger brother Amayak Zaharovich Kobulov.

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Bombing of Gorky in World War II

The bombing of Gorky (now known as Nizhny Novgorod) by the Luftwaffe continued from 1941 to 1943 in the Eastern Front theatre of World War II.

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Boris Paichadze

Boris Paichadze (ბორის პაიჭაძე,; Борис Соломонович Пайчадзе; 3 February 1915 – 9 October 1990) was a Georgian footballer, who played for FC Dinamo Tbilisi.

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Boris Savinkov

Boris Viktorovich Savinkov (Russian: Бори́с Ви́кторович Са́винков; 19 January 1879 – 7 May 1925) was a Russian writer and revolutionary.

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Boris Vadimovich Sokolov

Boris Sokolov (Бори́с Вади́мович Соколо́в; born January 2, 1957 in Moscow), is a historian and a Russian literature researcher (he has Candidate of Science degree in History and Habilitat Doctor of Science in Philology).

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Boris Vannikov

Boris Lvovich Vannikov (Бори́с Льво́вич Ва́нников; 26 August 1897; Baku, Russian Empire – 22 February 1962; Moscow, Russia SFSR, Soviet Union) was a Soviet government and military official, a three-star General.

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Boyuk Zira

Boyuk Zira (Böyük Zirə), also known as Nargin, is an island in the Caspian Sea.

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Brain-Washing (book)

Brain-Washing: A Synthesis of the Russian Textbook on Psychopolitics, sometimes referred to as The Brainwashing Manual, is a book published in 1955.

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Bronislava Poskrebysheva

Bronislava Solomonovna Metallikova (Masenkis) - Poskrebysheva (Бронислава Соломоновна Металликова-Поскрёбышева, 1910–1941) was born in Proskurov, Podolia Governorate.

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Butugychag

Butugychag Corrective Labor Camp (исправи́тельно-трудово́й ла́герь, Бутугычаг) was a part of the bigger Berlag, a subdivision of GULAG.

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Cancer Ward

Cancer Ward (Ра́ковый ко́рпус, Rákovy kórpus) is a semi-autobiographical novel by Russian author Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn.

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Cases of political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union

In the Soviet Union, a systematic political abuse of psychiatry took place and was based on the interpretation of political dissent as a psychiatric problem.

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Censorship in the Soviet Union

Censorship in the Soviet Union was pervasive and strictly enforced.

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Central Committee elected by the 17th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)

The Central Committee (CC) composition was elected at the 17th Congress, and sat from 10 February 1934 until 22 March 1939.

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Central Committee elected by the 18th Conference of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)

The 18th Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) was elected by the 18th Conference, and was in session from 1941 until 1952.

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Central Committee elected by the 18th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)

The 18th Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) was elected by the 18th Congress, and was in session from 1939 until 1941.

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Central Committee elected by the 19th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was elected by the 19th Congress, and was in session from 1952 until 1956.

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Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was de jure the highest body of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) between Party Congresses.

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Central Stadium (Tbilisi)

Central Stadium, was a multi-purpose stadium in Tbilisi, Georgia.

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Chechen–Russian conflict

The Chechen–Russian conflict (Чеченский конфликт, Chechenskiy konflikt) is the centuries-long conflict, often armed, between the Russian (formerly Soviet) government and various Chechen nationalist and Islamist forces.

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Chechen–Slav ethnic clashes (1958–65)

The Chechen-Slav ethnic clashes took place from 1958 to 1965 in North Caucasus (part of the Soviet Union at the time), upon ethnic tensions between Slavic settlers and local Chechens and Ingushs.

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Cheka

All-Russian Extraordinary Commission (Всероссийская Чрезвычайная Комиссия), abbreviated as VChK (ВЧК, Ve-Che-Ka) and commonly known as Cheka, (from the initialism ChK) was the first of a succession of Soviet secret police organizations.

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Chekism

Chekism (Чекизм; from Cheka or VChK, pronounced Ve-Che-Ka, the first Soviet secret police organization) is a term to describe the situation in the Soviet Union where the secret political police strongly controlled all spheres of society.

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Chronology of Soviet secret police agencies

There was a succession of Soviet secret police agencies over time.

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Chugureti St. Astvatsatsin

Chugureti St.

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Cold War

The Cold War was a state of geopolitical tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others).

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Collective leadership in the Soviet Union

Collective leadership (коллективное руководство) or Collectivity of leadership (коллективность руководства), was considered an ideal form of governance in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and other socialist states espousing communism.

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Committee for the Independence of Georgia

The Committee for the Independence of Georgia (საქართველოს დამოუკიდებლობის კომიტეტი, Sak’art’velos damoukideblobis komiteti) or the Parity Committee (პარიტეტული კომიტეტი, Paritetuli komiteti) was an underground anti-Soviet organization active in the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic in the early 1920s.

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Communist Party of Georgia (Soviet Union)

Georgian Communist Party (საქართველოს კომუნისტური პარტია; Коммунистическая партия Грузии) was a political party in Georgia.

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Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The Communist Party of the Soviet Union was the founding and ruling political party of the Soviet Union.

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Comparison of Nazism and Stalinism

A number of authors have carried out comparisons of Nazism and Stalinism, in which they have considered the similarities and differences of the two ideologies and political systems, what relationship existed between the two regimes, and why both of them came to prominence at the same time.

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Cornelius Edward Gallagher

Cornelius Edward "Neil" Gallagher (born March 2, 1921) is an American Democratic Party politician who represented New Jersey's 13th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1959-1973.

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Counterintelligence failures

Countries with major counterintelligence failures are presented alphabetically.

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Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic

Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Modern Qırım Muhtar Sotsialist Sovet Cumhuriyeti; Official Crimean Tatar name in the; Крымская Автономная Социалистическая Советская Республика Krymskaya Avtonomnaya Socialisticheskaya Sovetskaya Respublika) was an Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic of the Russian SFSR located on the Crimean Peninsula.

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De-Stalinization

De-Stalinization (Russian: десталинизация, destalinizatsiya) consisted of a series of political reforms in the Soviet Union after the death of long-time leader Joseph Stalin in 1953, and the ascension of Nikita Khrushchev to power.

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Death and state funeral of Joseph Stalin

On March 5, 1953, Joseph Stalin, the second leader of the Soviet Union, died aged 74 after suffering a stroke.

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Death squad

A death squad is an armed group that conducts extrajudicial killings or forced disappearances of persons for the purposes of political repression, genocide, or revolutionary terror.

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December 23

No description.

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Democracy and Totalitarianism

Democracy and Totalitarianism is a book by French philosopher and political scientist Raymond Aron.

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Demographics of Abkhazia

This article is about the demographic features of the population of Abkhazia, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health, socioeconomic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

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Deportation

Deportation is the expulsion of a person or group of people from a place or country.

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Deportation of the Balkars

The Deportation of the Balkars was the expulsion by the Soviet government of the entire Balkar population of the North Caucasus to Central Asia on March8, 1944, during World War II.

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Deportation of the Chechens and Ingush

The Deportation of the Chechens and Ingush, also known as Aardakh (Aardax), Operation Lentil (Чечевица, Chechevitsa; Вайнах махкахбахар Vaynax Maxkaxbaxar) was the Soviet forced transfer of the whole of the Vainakh (Chechen and Ingush) populations of the North Caucasus to Central Asia on February 23, 1944, during World War II.

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Deportation of the Crimean Tatars

The deportation of the Crimean Tatars (Crimean Tatar Qırımtatar sürgünligi; Ukrainian Депортація кримських татар; Russian Депортация крымских татар) was the ethnic cleansing of at least 191,044 Tatars from Crimea in May 1944.

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Deportation of the Soviet Greeks

The deportation of the Soviet Greek was a forced transfer of Greeks of the Soviet Union that was ordered by Soviet leader Joseph Stalin.

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Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union

This is a list of all Deputy Premiers of the Soviet Union, meaning the government.

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Designated Targets

Designated Targets is the second volume of John Birmingham's Axis of Time trilogy.

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Designations of Russian artillery

The official designations of Russian and Soviet artillery consists of three sequential parts – weapon caliber, weapon type, and finally a unique identifier for each variant.

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Dimitri Shevardnadze

Dimitri Shevardnadze (დიმიტრი შევარდნაძე) (December 1, 1885 – 1937) was a Georgian painter, art collector and intellectual purged during Joseph Stalin's repressions.

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Doctors' plot

The Doctors' plot (дело врачей, "doctors' case", also known as the case of doctors-saboteurs or doctors-killers) was an antisemitic campaign organized by Joseph Stalin.

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Dracula Cha Cha Cha

Dracula Cha Cha Cha (re-titled Judgment of Tears in the U.S.), is an alternate history/horror novel by British writer Kim Newman.

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Dubna

Dubna (p) is a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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East Germany

East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik, DDR), existed from 1949 to 1990 and covers the period when the eastern portion of Germany existed as a state that was part of the Eastern Bloc during the Cold War period.

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Edvard Radzinsky

Edvard Stanislavovich Radzinsky (Э́двард Станисла́вович Радзи́нский) (born September 23, 1936) is a Russian playwright, television personality, screenwriter, and the author of more than forty popular history books.

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Edward Ochab

Edward Ochab (16 August 1906 – 1 May 1989) was a Polish communist social activist and politician.

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Eksmo

Eksmo (Эксмо) is one of the largest publishing houses in Russia.

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Erich Mielke

Erich Fritz Emil Mielke (28 December 1907 – 21 May 2000) was a German communist official who served as head of the East German Ministry for State Security (Ministerium für Staatsicherheit), better known as the Stasi, from 1957 until shortly after the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989.

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Ernst Schacht

Ernst Schacht (Эрнст Ге́нрихович Шахт) (b. Basel 14 April 1904 – d. 23 February 1942), a Swiss of German origin, emigrated to the Soviet Russia in 1922 when he was 18 years old.

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Eurocommunism

Eurocommunism (adherents sometimes referred to as Gramscians) was a revisionist trend in the 1970s and 1980s within various Western European communist parties.

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Europa Press (news agency)

Europa Press is a Spanish independent, privately held news agency published in Spanish, established in Madrid in 1957.

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Evgeni Mikeladze

Evgeni Mikeladze (ევგენი მიქელაძე) (July 27, 1903 – 1937) was a leading Georgian orchestra conductor of the 1930s, executed during the Joseph Stalin's Great Purges.

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Explosion of the Steamship "Dalstroy"

The Soviet steamer “Dalstroy” (formerly known as the “Genrikh Yagoda”) operated in the 1930s and 1940s from the port of Nakhodka to Magadan, delivering cargo and prisoners to Kolyma.

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Family members of traitors to the Motherland

Traitor of the Motherland family members (Russian: ЧСИР: члены семьи изменника Родины) was a term in Article 58 of Criminal Code of RSFSR about criminal prosecution of wives and children (kin punishment) of all people who were arrested and convicted as "traitors of the Motherland" in the Soviet Union during Stalinist purges of 1930s and later.

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Félix d'Herelle

Félix d'Hérelle (April 25, 1873 – February 22, 1949) was a French-Canadian microbiologist.

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FC Dynamo Moscow

FC Dynamo Moscow (Dinamo Moscow, FC Dinamo Moskva, Дина́мо Москва́) is a Russian football club based in Khimki, Moscow Oblast.

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Fighter pilot

A fighter pilot is a military aviator trained to engage in air-to-air combat while in the cockpit of a fighter aircraft.

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Final Impact

Final Impact is the third volume of John Birmingham's Axis of Time trilogy.

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First Chechen War

The First Chechen War (Пе́рвая чече́нская война́), also known as the First Chechen Сampaign (Пе́рвая чече́нская кампа́ния) or First Russian-Chechen war, was a rebellion by the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria against the Russian Federation, fought from December 1994 to August 1996.

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First Chief Directorate

The First Main Directorate (or First Chief Directorate, Russian: Первое главное управление, Pervoye glavnoye upravleniye) of the Committee for State Security under the USSR council of ministers (PGU KGB) was the organization responsible for foreign operations and intelligence activities by providing for the training and management of covert agents, intelligence collection administration, and the acquisition of foreign and domestic political, scientific and technical intelligence in the Soviet Union.

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First Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union

The office of First Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union, also called First Vice Premier of the Soviet Union, was synonymous with vice-head of government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR); a First Deputy Premier did not always serve in his post alone.

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First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party

The First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party was the leading position in the Georgian Communist party during the Soviet era.

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Flying submarine

A flying submarine, submersible aircraft or aerosub is a combination of a seaplane and a submarine.

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Forced settlements in the Soviet Union

Forced settlements in the Soviet Union took several forms.

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Forward, Comrades

Forward, Comrades is a 2013 Chinese animated short film by Wang Liyin of the Beijing Film Academy.

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Fox at the Front

Fox at the Front is a 2003 alternate history novel written by Douglas Niles and Michael Dobson.

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Fox on the Rhine

Fox on the Rhine is a 2000 alternate history novel written by Douglas Niles and Michael Dobson.

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Freedom Square, Tbilisi

Freedom Square (Georgian: თავისუფლების მოედანი Tavisuplebis moedani, pronounced), formerly known as Erivan (or Erivanskaya) or Pashkevich-Erivanskaya Square (Georgian: ერევანსკი მოედანი, Erevansk'i moedani, Russian: Эриванская площадь, Erivanskaya ploshchad) under Imperial Russia and Lenin Square under the Soviet Union, is located in the center of Tbilisi at the eastern end of Rustaveli Avenue.

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Friedrich Wilhelm von Bergholz

Friedrich Wilhelm von Bergholz (1699–1765) was a courtier from Holstein.

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Fulton J. Sheen

Venerable Fulton John Sheen (born Peter John Sheen, May 8, 1895 – December 9, 1979) was an American bishop (later archbishop) of the Catholic Church known for his preaching and especially his work on television and radio.

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Gaioz Devdariani

Gaioz Devdariani (გაიოზ დევდარიანი) (February 2, 1901 – 1938) was a prominent Georgian revolutionary, Soviet politician, member of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences and a victim of the Great Purge of 1937.

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Galactic Empire (Star Wars)

The Galactic Empire is a fictional autocracy featured in the Star Wars franchise.

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Galaktion Tabidze

Galaktion Tabidze (გალაკტიონ ტაბიძე), simply referred to as Galaktioni (გალაკტიონი) (November 17, 1892 – March 17, 1959), was a leading Georgian poet of the twentieth century whose writings profoundly influenced all subsequent generations of Georgian poets.

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George Eliava

George Eliava (Georgian — გიორგი ელიავა; January 13, 1892 – July 10, 1937) was a Georgian microbiologist who worked with bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria).

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Georgi Atarbekov

Georgiy Aleksandrovich Atarbekov (Георгий Александрович Атарбеков), born Atarbekyan (December 2, 1892 – March 22, 1925) was an Armenian Bolshevik and Soviet security police official.

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Georgian Affair

The Georgian Affair of 1922 (Грузинское дело) was a political conflict within the Soviet leadership about the way in which social and political transformation was to be achieved in the Georgian SSR.

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Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic

Georgia, formally the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic (Georgian SSR; tr; Gruzinskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika), was one of the republics of the Soviet Union from its inception in 1922 to its breakup in 1991.

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Georgy Malenkov

Georgy Maximilianovich Malenkov (– 14 January 1988) was a Soviet politician who succeeded Joseph Stalin as Premier of the Soviet Union, holding this position from 1953 to 1955.

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Georgy Sergeevich Zhiritsky

Georgy Sergeevich Zhiritsky (Георгий Сергеевич Жирицкий; 26 September, 1883 - 4 June, 1966) was a Soviet scientist in the field of Rocket engine, professor.

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Georgy Zhukov

Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov (– 18 June 1974) was a Soviet Red Army General who became Chief of General Staff, Deputy Commander-in-Chief, Minister of Defence and a member of the Politburo.

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German nuclear weapon project

The German nuclear weapon project (Uranprojekt; informally known as the Uranverein; Uranium Society or Uranium Club) was a scientific effort led by Germany to develop and produce nuclear weapons during World War II.

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Gestapo–NKVD conferences

The Gestapo–NKVD conferences were a series of security police meetings organized in late 1939 and early 1940 by Germany and the Soviet Union, following their joint invasion of Poland in accordance with the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact.

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Government of the Democratic Republic of Georgia in Exile

After the Soviet Russian Red Army invaded Georgia and the Bolsheviks took over the country early in 1921, the Parliament of the Democratic Republic of Georgia (DRG) decided the Government went to exile and continued to function as the National Government of Georgia, NGG.

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Great Purge

The Great Purge or the Great Terror (Большо́й терро́р) was a campaign of political repression in the Soviet Union which occurred from 1936 to 1938.

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Great Soviet Encyclopedia

The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (GSE; Большая советская энциклопедия, БСЭ, Bolshaya sovetskaya entsiklopediya) is one of the largest Russian-language encyclopedias, published by the Soviet state from 1926 to 1990, and again since 2002 by Russia (under the name Bolshaya Rossiyskaya entsiklopediya or Great Russian Encyclopedia).

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Grigol Lordkipanidze

Grigol Lordkipanidze (გრიგოლ ლორთქიფანიძე) (September 2, 1881- September 2, 1937) was a Georgian politician and author.

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Grigol Robakidze

Grigol Robakidze (October 28, 1880, Sviri (West Georgia) – November 19, 1962, Geneva) was a Georgian writer, publicist, and public figure primarily known for his prose and anti-Soviet émigré activities.

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Grigori Sokolnikov

Grigori Yakovlevich Sokolnikov (born Girsh Yankelevich Brilliant; 1888–1939) was a Russian old Bolshevik revolutionary, economist, and Soviet politician.

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Grigory Kheifets

Grigory Kheifets, also known as Grigori Kheifetz, was the San Francisco KGB station chief, or Rezident, from December 1941 until July 1944.

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Grigory Kulik

Grigory Ivanovich Kulik (Григо́рий Ива́нович Кули́к) (9 November 1890 – 24 August 1950) was a Soviet military commander and Marshal of the Soviet Union.

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Gulag

The Gulag (ГУЛАГ, acronym of Главное управление лагерей и мест заключения, "Main Camps' Administration" or "Chief Administration of Camps") was the government agency in charge of the Soviet forced labor camp system that was created under Vladimir Lenin and reached its peak during Joseph Stalin's rule from the 1930s to the 1950s.

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Gustav Ludwig Hertz

Gustav Ludwig Hertz (22 July 1887 – 30 October 1975) was a German experimental physicist and Nobel Prize winner, and a nephew of Heinrich Rudolf Hertz.

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Hans-Joachim Born

Hans-Joachim Born (8 May 1909 in Berlin – 15 April 1987 in Munich) was a German radiochemist trained and educated at the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut für Chemie.

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Heinrich Rau

Heinrich Gottlob "Heiner" Rau (2 April 1899 – 23 March 1961) was a German communist politician during the time of the Weimar Republic; subsequently, during the Spanish Civil War, he was a leading member of the International Brigades and after World War II an East German statesman.

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Heinz Barwich

Heinz Barwich (22 July 1911 in Berlin – 10 April 1966 in Cologne) was a German nuclear physicist.

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Hero of the Soviet Union

The title Hero of the Soviet Union (translit) was the highest distinction in the Soviet Union, awarded personally or collectively for heroic feats in service to the Soviet state and society.

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History of Abkhazia

This article refers to the history of Abkhazia from its pre-historic settlement by the lower-paleolithic hunter-gathers during the mesolithic and neolithic periods to the post-1992-1993 war situation.

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History of Berlin

The history of Berlin starts with its foundation in the 13th century.

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History of Chechnya

The history of Chechnya may refer to the history of the Chechens, of their land Chechnya, or of the land of Ichkeria.

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History of Chuvashia

The history of Chuvashia spans from the region's earliest habitation by Finno-Ugric peoples to its incorporation into the Russian Empire and its successor states.

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History of Georgia (country)

The nation of Georgia (საქართველო sakartvelo) was first unified as a kingdom under the Bagrationi dynasty by the King Bagrat III of Georgia in the 8th to 9th century, arising from a number of predecessor states of the ancient kingdoms of Colchis and Iberia.

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History of Hungary

Hungary is a country in Central Europe whose history under this name dates to the Early Middle Ages, when the Pannonian Basin was conquered by the Hungarians (Magyars), a semi-nomadic people who had migrated from Eastern Europe.

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History of nuclear weapons

Nuclear weapons possess enormous destructive power from nuclear fission or combined fission and fusion reactions.

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History of Poland (1945–1989)

The history of Poland from 1945 to 1989 spans the period of Soviet dominance and communist rule imposed after the end of World War II over Poland, as reestablished within new borders.

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History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The history of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union is generally conceived as also covering that of the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party from which it evolved.

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History of the Eastern Orthodox Church

The history of the Eastern Orthodox Church is traced back to Jesus Christ and the Apostles.

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History of the Soviet Union (1927–1953)

The history of the Soviet Union between 1927 and 1953 covers the period in Soviet history from establishment of Stalinism through victory in the Second World War and down to the death of Joseph Stalin in 1953.

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History of the Soviet Union (1953–64)

In the USSR, the eleven-year period from the death of Joseph Stalin (1953) to the political ouster of Nikita Khrushchev (1964), the national politics were dominated by the Cold War; the ideological U.S.–USSR struggle for the planetary domination of their respective socio–economic systems, and the defense of hegemonic spheres of influence.

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Hitler Goes Kaput!

Hitler Goes Kaput! (Гитлер капут!) is a Russian 2008 comedy film directed by Maryus Vaysberg.

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Holy Trinity Cathedral of Tbilisi

The Holy Trinity Cathedral of Tbilisi (თბილისის წმინდა სამების საკათედრო ტაძარი Tbilisis cminda samebis sakatedro tadzari) commonly known as Sameba (სამების ლავრა for Trinity) is the main cathedral of the Georgian Orthodox Church located in Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia.

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Hotel Lux (film)

Hotel Lux is a 2011 German period film directed by Leander Haußmann.

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Ideological repression in the Soviet Union

Ideological repression in the Soviet Union targeted various worldviews and the corresponding categories of people.

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Igor Kurchatov

Igor Vasilyevich Kurchatov (И́горь Васи́льевич Курча́тов; 8(21) January 1903 – 7 February 1960), was a Soviet nuclear physicist who is widely known as the director of the Soviet atomic bomb project.

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Index of Georgia (country)-related articles

For articles (arranged alphabetically) related to Georgia, see:Category:Georgia (country).

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Isaac Babel

Isaac Emmanuilovich Babel (p; – 27 January 1940) was a Russian-language journalist, playwright, literary translator, historian and Bolshevik revolutionary.

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Ivan Konev

Ivan Stepanovich Konev (Ива́н Степа́нович Ко́нев; – 21 May 1973) was a Soviet military commander who led Red Army forces on the Eastern Front during World War II, retook much of Eastern Europe from occupation by the Axis Powers, and helped in the capture of Germany's capital, Berlin.

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Ivan Maslennikov

Ivan Ivanovich Maslennikov (Иван Иванович Масленников; September 16, 1900 – April 16, 1954), General of the Army, was a Soviet military and NKVD commander of Army and Front level during World War II.

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Ivan Serov

State Security General Ivan Alexandrovich Serov (Ива́н Алексáндрович Серóв; 13 August 1905 – 1 July 1990) was a prominent leader of Soviet security and intelligence agencies, head of the KGB between March 1954 and December 1958, as well as head of the GRU between 1958 and 1963.

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Jack Soble

Jack Soble (May 15, 1903 – 1967) was a Lithuanian who, together with his brother Robert Soblen, penetrated Leon Trotsky's entourage for Soviet intelligence in the 1920s.

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Janusz Radziwiłł (1880–1967)

Prince Janusz Franciszek Radziwiłł (3 September 1880 – 4 October 1967) was a Polish nobleman and politician.

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Józef Światło

Józef Światło, born Izaak Fleischfarb (1 January 1915 – 2 September 1994), was a high-ranking official in the Ministry of Public Security of Poland (MBP) who served as deputy director of the 10th Department run by Anatol Fejgin.

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Jānis Rudzutaks

Jānis Rudzutaks (Ян Эрнестович Рудзутак; 15 August (3 August old style) 1887 – 29 July 1938) was a Bolshevik revolutionary and a Soviet politician.

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Jigrashen Avetyats Church

Jigrashen Avetyats Church (Ջիգրաշեն Ավետյաց եկեղեցի; Церковь Джиграшен св.) was an Armenian Apostolic church in Tbilisi, Georgia.

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Jonas Žemaitis

Jonas Žemaitis (also known under his codename Vytautas; March 15, 1909 in Palanga – November 26, 1954 in Moscow) was one of the leaders of the Lithuanian partisans, armed resistance against the Soviet occupation of Lithuania, and acknowledged as the head of state by independent Lithuania.

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Joseph Stalin

Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (18 December 1878 – 5 March 1953) was a Soviet revolutionary and politician of Georgian nationality.

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Julius and Ethel Rosenberg

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were United States citizens who spied for the Soviet Union and were tried, convicted, and executed by the Federal government of the United States.

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July 1964

The following events occurred in July 1964.

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July 20

No description.

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June 1953

The following events occurred in June 1953.

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June 26

No description.

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Justus Mühlenpfordt

Justus Mühlenpfordt (22 April 1911 in Lübeck – 2 October 2000) was a German nuclear physicist.

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Kakutsa Cholokashvili

Kaikhosro "Kakutsa" Cholokashvili (ქაიხოსრო ჩოლოყაშვილი; Kakoutsa Tcholokachvili; Кайхосро Чолокашвили, Kaikhosro Chelokayev) (July 14, 1888 – June 27, 1930) was a Georgian military officer and a commander of an anti-Soviet guerrilla movement in Georgia.

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Kamoyants Saint Gevork Church

Kamoyants Saint Gevork Church (Կամոյանց Սուրբ Գևորգ Եկեղեցի; Церковь Камоянц Св.) was an Armenian Apostolic church in Tbilisi, Georgia.

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Kandid Charkviani

Kandid Charkviani (კანდიდ ჩარკვიანი, Кандид Несторович Чарквиани; 1907 – 13 September 1994) was a Georgian party and government official, and First Secretary of the Communist Party of Georgia from 1938 to 1952.

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Karachays

The Karachays (Къарачайлыла, таулула Qaraçaylıla, tawlula) are a Turkic people of the North Caucasus, mostly situated in the Russian Karachay–Cherkess Republic.

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Karl Radek

Karl Berngardovich Radek (31 October 1885 – 19 May 1939) was a Marxist active in the Polish and German social democratic movements before World War I and an international Communist leader in the Soviet Union after the Russian Revolution.

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Karl Zimmer

Karl Günter Zimmer (12 July 1911 – 29 February 1988) was a German physicist and radiation biologist, known for his work on the effects of ionizing radiation on DNA.

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Katyn Commission

The Katyn Commission or the International Katyn Commission was the International Red Cross committee formed in April 1943 under request by Germany to investigate the Katyn massacre of some 22,000 Polish nationals during the Soviet occupation of Eastern Poland, mostly prisoners of war from the September Campaign including Polish Army officers, intelligentsia, civil servants, priests, police officers and numerous other professionals.

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Katyn massacre

The Katyn massacre (zbrodnia katyńska, "Katyń massacre" or "Katyn crime"; Катынская резня or Катынский расстрел Katynskij reznya, "Katyn massacre") was a series of mass executions of Polish intelligentsia carried out by the NKVD ("People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs", the Soviet secret police) in April and May 1940.

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Károly Szabó

Károly Szabó (November 17, 1916 – October 28, 1964) was an employee of the Swedish Embassy in Budapest from 1944 to 1945.

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Keke Geladze

Ekaterine Giorgis asuli Jughashvili (née Geladze) (5 February 1858 - 4 June 1937) was the mother of Joseph Stalin.

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Kengir uprising

The Kengir uprising was a prisoner uprising that took place in the Soviet labor camp for political prisoners Kengir (Steplag) in May and June 1954.

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Kenneth Goff

Kenneth Goff (c. 19191972) was a Christian Identity minister and anti-Communist crusader.

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Khaibakh massacre

The Khaibakh massacre was a mass execution of the Chechen civilian population of the aul (village) Khaibakh, in the mountainous part of Chechnya, by Soviet forces under the NKVD Colonel Mikhail Gvishiani during the deportations of 1944.

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Kharkiv

Kharkiv (Ха́рків), also known as Kharkov (Ха́рьков) from Russian, is the second-largest city in Ukraine.

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Khojivank Pantheon of Tbilisi

The Armenian Pantheon of Tbilisi, also known as Khojivank (ხოჯივანქი Khojivank'i; Խոջիվանք) or Khojavank (Խոջավանք), is an Armenian architectural complex in north-eastern part of Avlabari district of Tbilisi, Georgia.

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Khrushchev Thaw

The Khrushchev Thaw (or Khrushchev's Thaw; p or simply ottepel)William Taubman, Khrushchev: The Man and His Era, London: Free Press, 2004 refers to the period from the early 1950s to the early 1960s when repression and censorship in the Soviet Union were relaxed, and millions of Soviet political prisoners were released from Gulag labor camps due to Nikita Khrushchev's policies of de-Stalinization and peaceful coexistence with other nations.

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Khrustalyov, My Car!

Khrustalyov, My Car! (Khrustalyov, mashinu!) is a 1998 Russian drama film directed by Aleksei German, screenplay by Svetlana Karmalita.

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Kim Il-sung

Kim Il-sung (or Kim Il Sung) (born Kim Sŏng-ju; 15 April 1912 – 8 July 1994) was the first leader of North Korea, from its establishment in 1948 until his death in 1994.

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Kirill Meretskov

Kirill Afanasievich Meretskov (Кири́лл Афана́сьевич Мерецко́в; June 7, 1897 – December 30, 1968) was a Soviet military commander.

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Kirill Moskalenko

Kirill Semyonovich Moskalenko May 11, 1902 – June 17, 1985) was a Marshal of the Soviet Union. A member of the Soviet Army who fought in both the Russian Civil War and World War II, he later served as Commander in Chief of Strategic Missile Forces and Inspector General for the Ministry of Defense.

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Klaus Fuchs

Emil Julius Klaus Fuchs (29 December 1911 – 28 January 1988) was a German theoretical physicist and atomic spy who, in 1950, was convicted of supplying information from the American, British, and Canadian Manhattan Project to the Soviet Union during and shortly after the Second World War.

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Kliment Voroshilov

Kliment Yefremovich Voroshilov (Kliment Jefremovič Vorošilov; Климент Охрімович Ворошилов, Klyment Okhrimovyč Vorošylov), popularly known as Klim Voroshilov (Клим Вороши́лов, Klim Vorošilov) (4 February 1881 – 2 December 1969), was a prominent Soviet military officer and politician during the Stalin era.

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Kola Norwegians

The Kola Norwegians (Kolanordmenn) were Norwegian settlers along the coastline of the Kola Peninsula in Russia.

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Komsomolskaya (Koltsevaya line)

Komsomolskaya (Комсомо́льская) is a Moscow Metro station in the Krasnoselsky District, Central Administrative Okrug, Moscow.

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Konstantin Kuzakov

Konstantin Stepanovich Kuzakov (1911–1996) (Константин Степанович Кузаков) was the illegitimate second child of Joseph Stalin.

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Konstantin Petrovich Grigorovich

Konstantin Petrovich Grigorovich (18 September 1886, Mykolaiv — 15 April 1939, Moscow) — metallurgical engineer, founder of the soviet school of electrometallurgy, professor (1921), doctor of technical sciences (1934).

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Konstantine Gamsakhurdia

Konstantine Gamsakhurdia (კონსტანტინე გამსახურდია) (May 3, 1893 – July 17, 1975) was a Georgian writer and public figure, who, along with Mikheil Javakhishvili, is considered to be one of the most influential Georgian novelists of the 20th century.

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Korean War

The Korean War (in South Korean, "Korean War"; in North Korean, "Fatherland: Liberation War"; 25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953) was a war between North Korea (with the support of China and the Soviet Union) and South Korea (with the principal support of the United States).

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Kost Levytsky

Kost Levytsky (Кость Леви́цький; 1859 – 1941) was a Ukrainian politician.

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Krutitsy

Krutitsy Metochion (Крути́цкое подворье), full name: Krutitsy Patriarchal Metochion (Крутицкое Патриаршее подворье) is an operating ecclesiastical estate of Russian Orthodox Church, located in Tagansky District of Moscow, Russia, 3 kilometers south-east from the Kremlin.

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Laboratory B in Sungul’

Laboratory B in Sungul' was one of the laboratories under the 9th Chief Directorate of the NKVD (MVD after 1946) that contributed to the Soviet atomic bomb project.

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Lado Ketskhoveli

Lado Ketskhoveli (1877–1903) was a writer and revolutionary who was one of the first people to introduce Joseph Stalin to Marxism.

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Lake Karachay

Lake Karachay (Карача́й), sometimes spelled Karachai or Karachaj, was a small lake in the southern Ural mountains in central Russia.

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Laser microphone

A laser microphone is a surveillance device that uses a laser beam to detect sound vibrations in a distant object.

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Later life of Winston Churchill

After the end of the World War II, Winston Churchill's Conservative Party lost the 1945 election, forcing him to step down as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

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Latvian Operation of the NKVD

The so-called Latvian Operation (Латышская операция) of the People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (NKVD) was a mass arrest and execution of persons of Latvian origin in the Soviet Union during the period of Great Purge (1937–1938).

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Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic

The Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic (Latvian SSR; Latvijas Padomju Sociālistiskā Republika; Латвийская Советская Социалистическая Республика, Latviyskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika), also known as Soviet Latvia or Latvia, was a republic of the Soviet Union.

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Lavrentiy Tsanava

Lavrentiy Fomich Tsanava (Лаврентий Фомич Цанава; ლავრენტი ცანავა; born Lavrentiy Janjghava Лаврентий Джанджгава; ლავრენტი ჯანჯღავა,; 9 August 1900 – 12 October 1955) was a Soviet politician who served as the head of the Committee for State Security of the Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic (KGB) from 1941 until 1951.

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Lazar Kaganovich

Lazar Moiseyevich Kaganovich (Ла́зарь Моисе́евич Кагано́вич; – 25 July 1991) was a Soviet politician and administrator and one of the main associates of Joseph Stalin.

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Léon Theremin

Lev Sergeyevich Termen (p; – 3 November 1993), or Léon Theremin in the United States, was a Russian and Soviet inventor, most famous for his invention of the theremin, one of the first electronic musical instruments and the first to be mass-produced.

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Leningrad affair

The Leningrad affair, or Leningrad case ("Ленинградское дело" in Russian, or "Leningradskoye delo"), was a series of criminal cases fabricated in the late 1940s–early 1950s by Joseph Stalin in order to accuse a number of prominent politicians and members of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union of treason and intention to create an anti-Soviet organisation based in Leningrad.

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Life Is Worth Living

Life is Worth Living is an inspirational American television series which ran on the DuMont Television Network from February 12, 1952, to April 26, 1955, then on ABC until 1957, featuring the Venerable Archbishop Fulton J. Sheen.

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List of Axis of Time characters

John Birmingham's Axis of Time trilogy features several major characters and many minor characters also.

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List of battlecruisers of Russia

After the end of the Russo-Japanese War of 1905, the Russian Naval General Staff decided that it needed a squadron of fast "armored cruisers" (Броненосный крейсер; bronenosnyy kreyser)The Borodino-class ships were formally known as armored cruisers until they were redesignated as battlecruisers (линейный крейсер; lineinyi kreiser) by an order of 29 July 1915.

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List of Chairmen of the KGB

The Chairman of the KGB was the head of the Soviet KGB.

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List of covers of Time magazine (1940s)

This is a list of people appearing on the cover of ''Time'' magazine in the 1940s.

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List of covers of Time magazine (1950s)

This is a list of people appearing on the cover of ''Time'' magazine in the 1950s.

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List of English words of Russian origin

This page transcribes Russian (written in Cyrillic script) using the IPA.

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List of genocides by death toll

This list of genocides by death toll includes death toll estimates of all deaths that are either directly or indirectly caused by genocide.

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List of Georgians

This is a list of notable Georgians.

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List of language interpreters in fiction

This is a list of language interpreters in fiction.

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List of leaders of Georgia

This is the list of the rulers of Georgia from 1918 to the present.

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List of leaders of the Soviet Union

Under the 1977 Constitution of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), the Chairman of the Council of Ministers was the head of government and the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet was the head of state.

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List of people from Tbilisi

This is a list of famous people who have lived in Tbilisi, including both natives and residents.

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List of people who were executed

This is a list of people who have been executed.

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List of places named after people

There are a number of places named after famous people.

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List of poisonings

This is a list of poisonings, both deliberate and accidental, in chronological order by the date of death of the victim(s).

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List of recurring actors and actresses in the James Bond film series

This is a list of actors and actresses that have appeared physically (but not always characteristically) in the Eon Productions series of the James Bond film series more than once.

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List of surnames in Russia

In Russian, most surnames change depending on the gender of the person.

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List of war crimes

This article lists and summarises the war crimes committed since the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 and the crimes against humanity and crimes against peace that have been committed since these crimes were first defined in the Rome Statute.

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List of World War II prisoner-of-war camps in the Soviet Union

The following is a list of prisoner-of-war camps in the Soviet Union during World War II.

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Lubyanka Building

Lubyanka (p) is the popular name for the headquarters of the FSB and affiliated prison on Lubyanka Square in Meshchansky District of Moscow, Russia.

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Lyudmila Tselikovskaya

Lyudmila Vasilyevna Tselikovskaya (Людмила Васильевна Целико́вская, 8 September 1919 – 4 July 1992) was a Russian actress, best remembered for her leading parts in films like Hearts of the Four (1941–1944), Anton Ivanovich Gets Angry (1941), The Aerial Cabman (1943), Ivan the Terrible (1943), Twins (1945) and The Busy Estate (1946).

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Main Directorate of State Security

The Main Directorate of State Security (Glavnoe upravlenie gosudarstvennoy bezopasnosti, Главное управление государственной безопасности, ГУГБ, GUGB) was the name of the Soviet intelligence service and secret police from July 1934 to February 1941.

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Mammad Hasan Hajinski

Mammad Hasan Jafargulu oglu Hajinski (Məmməd Həsən Cəfərqulu oğlu Hacınski; March 3, 1875 – February 9, 1931) was an Azerbaijani architect and statesman.

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Manfred von Ardenne

Manfred von Ardenne (20 January 1907 – 26 May 1997) was a German research and applied physicist and inventor.

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March 1946

The following events occurred in March 1946.

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March 1953

The following events occurred in March 1953.

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March 29

No description.

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Margarita Simonyan

Margarita Simonovna Simonyan (Маргари́та Симо́новна Симонья́н; born 6 April 1980) is the editor-in-chief of the English-language television news network RT (formerly Russia Today), NewsExchange.org, accessed September 20, 2012.

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Marshal of the Soviet Union

Marshal of the Soviet Union (Маршал Советского Союза) was the highest military rank of the Soviet Union, below Generalissimus of the Soviet Union.

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Mass killings under communist regimes

Mass killings occurred under several twentieth-century Communist regimes.

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Mass operations of the NKVD

Mass operations of the NKVD were carried out during the Great Purge and targeted specific categories of people.

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Matus Bisnovat

Matus Ruvimovich Bisnovat (Матус Рувимович Бисноват, October 23, 1905, Nikopol – November 8, 1977), Soviet aircraft and missile designer.

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MAUD Committee

The MAUD Committee was a British scientific working group formed during the Second World War.

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Max Volmer

Max Volmer (3 May 1885 – 3 June 1965) was a German physical chemist, who made important contributions in electrochemistry, in particular on electrode kinetics.

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Maxim Litvinov

Maxim Maximovich Litvinov,; born Meir Henoch Wallach-Finkelstein (17 July 1876 – 31 December 1951) was an ethnic Jewish Russian revolutionary and prominent Soviet Bolshevik Politician.

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Mayak

The Mayak Production Association (Производственное объединение «Маяк», from Маяк 'lighthouse') is one of the biggest nuclear facilities in the Russian Federation, housing a reprocessing plant.

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Mayisyan, Armavir

Mayisyan (Մայիսյան), is a village in the Armavir Province of Armenia.

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Medvedev Forest massacre

The Medvedev Forest massacre was a mass execution in the Soviet Union carried out by the NKVD on September 11, 1941.

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Merkheuli

Merkheuli (Мархьаул; მერხეული) is a village in Abkhazia.

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Mesame Dasi

Mesame Dasi (Georgian: მესამე დასი) was the first social-democratic party in the Caucasus, based in Tbilsi, Georgia.

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Metekhi

Metekhi (Metechi; მეტეხი) is a historic neighborhood of Tbilisi, Georgia, located on the elevated cliff that overlooks the Mtkvari river.

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Michael Bialoguski

Michael Bialoguski (19 March 191729 July 1984) was a Polish-Australian medical practitioner, musician and intelligence agent, who played a significant part in the 1954 Petrov Affair.

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Mieczysław Weinberg

Mieczysław Weinberg (also Moisey or Moishe Vainberg, Moisey Samuilovich Vaynberg; Моисей Самуилович Вайнберг; Mojsze Wajnberg; 8 December 1919 – 26 February 1996) was a Soviet composer of Polish-Jewish origin.

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Mikhail Frinovsky

Mikhail Petrovich Frinovsky (January 1898 - February 4, 1940) served as a deputy head of the NKVD in the years of the Great Purge and, along with Nikolai Yezhov, was responsible for setting in motion the Great Purge.

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Mikhail Gvishiani

Mikhail Maksimovich Gvishiani (მიხეილ გვიშიანი, Михаил Максимович Гвишиани; January 6, 1905 – September 1966) was an ethnic Georgian who served as executive officer in the Soviet NKVD.

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Mikhail Koltsov

Mikhail Efimovich Koltsov (Михаил Ефимович Кольцов) (– February 2, 1940), born Moisey Efimovich Fridlyand (Friedland) (Моисей Ефимович Фридлянд), was a Soviet Journalist, Bolshevik Revolutionary and a NKVD Agent.

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Mikhail Matveyev (NKVD officer)

Mikhail Rodionovich Matveyev (1892-1971) (Михаил Родионович Матвеев) was a senior NKVD executioner, sent to begin the mass shootings at Sandarmokh in Karelia in the late 1930s.

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Mikhail Pervukhin

Mikhail Georgievich Pervukhin (Михаи́л Гео́ргиевич Перву́хин; 14 October 1904 – 22 July 1978) was a Soviet official during the Stalin Era, Khrushchev Era and the early Brezhnev Era.

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Mikhail Sergeevich Kedrov

Mikhail Kedrov (1878, Moscow – 1941) was a Soviet communist politician and secret policeman.

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Mikhail Suslov

Mikhail Andreyevich Suslov (Михаи́л Андре́евич Су́слов; 25 January 1982) was a Soviet statesman during the Cold War.

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Mikhail Trilisser

Mikhail Abramovich Trilisser (Ме́ер Абра́мович Трили́ссер; Jewish, born Meier Abramovich Trilisser) (1 April 1883, Astrakhan – 2 February 1940), also known by the pseudonym Moskvin (Москви́н), was a Soviet chief of the Foreign Department of the Cheka and the OGPU.

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Mikhail Volpin

Mikhail Davydovich Volpin (Михаи́л Давы́дович Во́льпин) (28 December 1902 - 21 July 1988) was a Soviet screenwriter.

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Mikheil Javakhishvili

Mikheil Javakhishvili (მიხეილ ჯავახიშვილი; birth surname: Adamashvili ადამაშვილი) (8 November 1880 – 30 September 1937) was a Georgian novelist who is regarded as one of the top twentieth-century Georgian writers.

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Military history of Georgia

The country of Georgia has known a rich military history, both as a battlefield of empires and as an independent political and military power.

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Mingrelian affair

The Mingrelian affair, or Mingrelian case (Мингрельское дело, mingrel’skoe delo; მეგრელთა საქმე, megrelt’a sak’me), was a series of criminal cases fabricated in 1951 and 1952 in order to accuse several members of the Georgian SSR Communist Party of Mingrelian extraction of secession and collaboration with the Western powers.

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Mingrelian language

Mingrelian or Megrelian (მარგალური ნინა margaluri nina) is a Kartvelian language spoken in Western Georgia (regions of Samegrelo and Abkhazia), primarily by Mingrelians.

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Mingrelians

The Megrelians (Megrelian: მარგალი, margali; მეგრელები: megrelebi) or Mingrelians are an ethnic subgroup of Georgians that mostly live in Samegrelo region of Georgia.

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Ministry of Armaments (Soviet Union)

The Ministry of Armament (Министерство вооружения СССР) was a government ministry in the Soviet Union.

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Ministry of Internal Affairs (Russia)

The Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation (MOI, Министерство внутренних дел, МВД, Ministerstvo Vnutrennikh Del, MVD) is the interior ministry of Russia.

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Ministry of Internal Affairs (Soviet Union)

The Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD; Министерство внутренних дел СССР) was a government ministry in the Soviet Union.

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Ministry of State Security (Soviet Union)

The MGB ('МГБ'), an initialism for Ministerstvo gosudarstvennoy bezopasnosti SSSR (p, translated in English as Ministry for State Security), was the name of the Soviet state security apparatus dealing with internal and external security issues: secret police duties, foreign and domestic intelligence and counterintelligence, etc from 1946 to 1953.

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Miron Vovsi

Miron Vovsi (Мирон Семёнович Вовси; May 13, 1897, Krāslava, Vitebsk Governorate, Russian Empire, now Latvia – June 6, 1960, Moscow, Russia) was a prominent physician of the Soviet Union.

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Mstislav Keldysh

Mstislav Vsevolodovich Keldysh (Мстисла́в Все́володович Ке́лдыш; – 24 June 1978) was a Soviet scientist in the field of mathematics and mechanics, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1946), President of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1961–1975), three times Hero of Socialist Labor (1956, 1961, 1971), fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (1968).

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Museum of Soviet Occupation (Tbilisi)

The Museum of the Soviet Occupation (საბჭოთა ოკუპაციის მუზეუმი, sabch’ot’a okupats’iis muzeumi) is a history museum in Tbilisi, Georgia, documenting the seven decades of the Soviet rule in Georgia (1921–1991) and dedicated to the history of the anti-occupational, national-liberation movement of Georgia, to the victims of the Soviet political repressions throughout this period.

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Museum of Soviet Occupation, Kiev

The Museum of Soviet occupation (Музей радянської окупації, Muzei radianskoi okupatsii) in Kiev, Ukraine, is devoted to portraying the crimes of the Soviet regime in Ukraine from 1917 to 1991.

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Mustafa Barzani

Mustafa Barzani (Mistefa Barzanî) (March 14, 1903 – March 1, 1979) also known as Mullah Mustafa, was a Kurdish nationalist leader, and one of the most prominent political figures in modern Kurdish politics.

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Nagorno-Karabakh War

The Nagorno-Karabakh War was an ethnic and territorial conflict that took place in the late 1980s to May 1994, in the enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh in southwestern Azerbaijan, between the majority ethnic Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh backed by the Republic of Armenia, and the Republic of Azerbaijan.

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Nahum Eitingon

Nahum Isaakovich Eitingon, or Naum Isaakovič Ejtingon (Наум Исаакович Эйтингон, נחום אייטינגון), also known as Leonid Aleksandrovich Eitingon (Леонид Александрович Эйтингон), Ekho Moskvy (Moscow Echo) 06.09.2009: Interview of Nikita Petrov by Yevgeny Kiselyov (in Russian) - "As his immediate superior for many years, General Pavel Sudoplatov, recalled that, in the Lubyanka, Eitingon was known among his friends as Leonid Aleksandrovich; already in the 1920s, almost all Jewish Chekists took Russian names so as not to emphasize their national origin." (6 December 1899, Shkloŭ, Mogilev Governorate – 3 May 1981, Moscow), was a Soviet intelligence officer, who has been described by Yevgeny Kiselyov as one of the organisers and managers of the state terrorism system under Joseph Stalin and later a victim thereof.

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Naval museum complex Balaklava

Naval museum complex Balaklava (Морський музейний комплекс "Балаклава", Russian: Музей холодной войны, "The Cold War Museum", designation K-825) is an underground submarine base in Balaklava, Crimea, (originally known as Object 825 GTS).

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Nestor Lakoba

Nestor Apollonovich Lakoba (Не́стор Аполло́нович Лако́ба; Нестор Аполлонович Лакоба; 1 May 1893 – 28 December 1936) was an Abkhaz Communist leader.

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Night Wolves

The Night Wolves (r) are a Russian motorcycle club.

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Nikita Khrushchev

Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (15 April 1894 – 11 September 1971) was a Soviet statesman who led the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964, and as Chairman of the Council of Ministers, or Premier, from 1958 to 1964.

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Nikolai Erdman

Nikolay Robertovich Erdman (a;, Moscow — 10 August 1970) was a Soviet dramatist and screenwriter primarily remembered for his work with Vsevolod Meyerhold in the 1920s.

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Nikolai Patolichev

Nikolai Semyonovich Patolichev (Николай Семёнович Патоличев; 10 September 1908 – 1 December 1989) was Minister of Foreign Trade of the USSR from 1958 to 1985.

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Nikolai Starostin

Nikolai Petrovich Starostin (Cyrillic: Никола́й Петро́вич Ста́ростин; 26 February 1902 – 17 February 1996) was a Russian footballer and ice hockey player, and founder of Spartak Moscow.

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Nikolai Vlasik

Nikolai Sidorovich Vlasik (Никола́й Си́дорович Вла́сик) (May 22, 1896 – June 18, 1967) was a Soviet security official and general, best known as head of Joseph Stalin's personal security from 1931 to 1952.

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Nikolai Yezhov

Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov,; May 1, 1895 – February 4, 1940) was a Soviet secret police official under Joseph Stalin who was head of the NKVD from 1936 to 1938, during the most active period of the Great Purge. Having presided over mass arrests and executions during the Great Purge, Yezhov eventually fell from Stalin's favour and power. He was arrested, confessed to a range of anti-Soviet activity, later claiming he was tortured into making these confessions, and was executed in 1940. By the beginning of World War II, his status within the Soviet Union had become that of enemy of the people.

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Nikolaus Riehl

Nikolaus Riehl (24 May 1901 – 2 August 1990) was a German industrial physicist.

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Nikolay Mordvinov (actor)

Nikolay Dmitrievich Mordvinov (15 February 1901 - 27 January 1966) was a Soviet actor.

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Nikolay Timofeev-Ressovsky

Nikolaj Vladimirovich Timofeev-Resovskij (Николай Владимирович Тимофеев-Ресовский; – 28 March 1981) was a Soviet biologist.

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Nimar

Nimar is the southwestern region of Madhya Pradesh state in west-central India.

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Nineteen Eighty-Four

Nineteen Eighty-Four, often published as 1984, is a dystopian novel published in 1949 by English author George Orwell.

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NKVD

The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (Народный комиссариат внутренних дел, Narodnyy Komissariat Vnutrennikh Del), abbreviated NKVD (НКВД), was the interior ministry of the Soviet Union.

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NKVD Order No. 001223

The NKVD Order No.

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NKVD Order No. 00689

NKVD Order № 00689 partially recalled the NKVD Order № 00486 about "traitor of Motherland family members".

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NKVD special camps in Germany 1945–49

NKVD special camps (Speziallager) were NKVD-run late and post–World War II internment camps in the Soviet-occupied parts of Germany from May 1945 to January 6, 1950.

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NKVD troika

NKVD troika or Special troika (особая тройка), in Soviet history, were The People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs (NKVD which would later be the beginning of the KGB) of three persons who issued sentences to people after simplified, speedy investigations and without a public and fair trial.

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Noe Zhordania

Noe Zhordania (ნოე ჟორდანია; Ной Никола́евич Жорда́ния; born — January 11, 1953) was a Georgian journalist and Menshevik politician.

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Noel Field

Noel Field (January 23, 1904 – September 12, 1970) was an American spy for the NKVD, whose activities before and after World War II allowed the Eastern Bloc to use his name as prosecuting rationale during the Rajk (1949) and Slánský (1952) show trials.

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Norilsk uprising

The Norilsk uprising was a major strike by Gulag inmates in Gorlag, a special camp mostly for political prisoners, and later in the two camps of Norillag, Norilsk, USSR, now Russia, in the summer of 1953, shortly after Joseph Stalin's death.

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Nuclear espionage

Nuclear espionage is the purposeful giving of state secrets regarding nuclear weapons to other states without authorization (espionage).

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Nuclear Secrets

Nuclear Secrets, aka Spies, Lies and the Superbomb, is a 2007 BBC Television docudrama series which looks at the race for nuclear supremacy from the Manhattan Project through to Pakistan's nuclear weapons programme.

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Number of deaths in the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin

Estimates of the number of deaths attributable to Joseph Stalin vary widely.

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Nuritdin Mukhitdinov

Nuritdin Mukhitdinov (Нуритди́н Акра́мович Мухитди́нов; 6(19) November 1917 – 27 August 2008) was a Soviet politician.

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Oldest Russian derby

The Oldest Russian derby is a football rivalry played between Moscow rivals FC Spartak Moscow and FC Dynamo Moscow.

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Oleg Lavrentiev

Oleg Alexandrovich Lavrentiev (Оле́г Алекса́ндрович Лавре́нтьев; Pskov, Russia – in Kharkiv, Ukraine) was a Russian physicist who made contributions to thermonuclear fusion research.

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Olga Chekhova

Olga Konstantinovna Chekhova, born Knipper (Ольга Константиновна Чехова (14 April 1897, Aleksandropol, Erivan Governorate, Russian Empire (now Gyumri, Armenia) – 9 March 1980, Munich, West Germany) was a Russian-German actress. Her film roles include the female lead in Alfred Hitchcock's Mary (1931).

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On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences

"On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences" («О культе личности и его последствиях», «O kul'te lichnosti i yego posledstviyakh») was a report by Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev made to the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union on 25 February 1956.

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Operation Jungle

Operation Jungle was a program by the British Secret Intelligence Service (MI6) early in the Cold War (1948–1955) for the clandestine insertion of intelligence and resistance agents into Poland and the Baltic states.

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Operation Scherhorn

Operation Scherhorn (in English sources) or Operation Berezino (original Soviet codename) or Operation Beresino (in East German sources) was a secret deception operation performed by the NKVD against the Nazi secret services from August 1944 – May 1945.

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Paolo Iashvili

Paolo Iashvili (პაოლო იაშვილი; 29 June 1894 – 22 July 1937) was a Georgian poet and one of the leaders of Georgian symbolist movement.

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Pavel Batitsky

Pavel Fyodorovich Batitsky (27 June 1910 – 17 February 1984) was a Soviet military leader awarded the highest honorary title of Hero of the Soviet Union in 1965 and promoted to Marshal of the Soviet Union in 1968.

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Pavel Fitin

Lieutenant General Pavel Mikhailovich Fitin (ru: Павел Михайлович Фитин) (1907 Ozhogino, Tobolsk guberniya, Russian Empire - 24 December 1971, Moscow, Soviet Union) was a Soviet intelligence officer and was the director of Soviet intelligence during World War II, identified in the Venona cables under the code name "Viktor.".

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Pavel Sudoplatov

Lieutenant General Pavel Anatolyevich Sudoplatov (Пáвел Aнатóльевич Cудоплáтов; July 7, 1907 – September 26, 1996) was a member of the intelligence services of the Soviet Union who rose to the rank of lieutenant general.

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Pavlo Meshyk

Pavlo Meshyk (Павло Якович Мешик; Павел Яковлевич Мешик, Pavel Meshyk; 1910 – 23 December 1953) was an Ukrainian KGB operative.

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Pál Szalai

Pál Szalai (September 3, 1915 – January 16, 1994) also spelled Pál Szalay and anglicized as Paul Sterling was a high-ranking member of the Budapest police force and the Hungarian Arrow Cross Party during World War II.

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People's Government of Lithuania

The People's Government of Lithuania (Liaudies vyriausybė) was a puppet cabinet installed by the Soviet Union in Lithuania immediately after Lithuania's acceptance of the Soviet ultimatum of June 14, 1940.

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Pete (Disney)

Pete (also called Peg-Leg Pete, Pistol Pete and Black Pete, among other names) is an anthropomorphic cartoon character created in 1925 by Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks.

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Peter Adolf Thiessen

Peter Adolf Thiessen (6 April 1899 – 5 March 1990) was a German physical chemist.

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Petre Otskheli

Petre Otskheli (November 25, 1907 – December 2, 1937) was a Georgian modernist set and costume designer who designed in theatre in Georgia and briefly in Moscow.

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Petrov Affair

The Petrov Affair was a Cold War spy incident in Australia in April 1954, concerning Vladimir Petrov, Third Secretary of the Soviet embassy in Canberra.

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Philipp Bobkov

Philipp Denisovich Bobkov (Фили́пп Дени́сович Бобко́в.) (born December 1, 1925) is a former director of KGB political police department (Fifth Directorate), which was responsible for suppression of internal dissent in the former Soviet Union.

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Poison laboratory of the Soviet secret services

Poison laboratory of the Soviet secret services, alternatively known as Laboratory 1, Laboratory 12, and Kamera which means "The Cell" in Russian, was a covert research and development facility of the Soviet secret police agencies which reportedly reactivated in late '90s.

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Polikarp Mdivani

Polikarp "Budu" Mdivani (პოლიკარპე მდივანი; Поликарп Гургенович Мдивани, Polikarp Gurgenovich Mdivani) (1877 – 19 July 1937) was a veteran Georgian Bolshevik and Soviet government official energetically involved in the Russian Revolutions and the Civil War.

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Polina Zhemchuzhina

Polina Semyonovna Zhemchuzhina (born Perl Semyonovna Karpovskaya; 27 February 1897 - 1 April 1970) was a Soviet politician and the wife of the Soviet foreign minister Vyacheslav Molotov.

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Polish contribution to World War II

The European theatre of World War II opened with the German invasion of Poland on Friday September 1, 1939 and the Soviet invasion of Poland on September 17, 1939.

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Polish prisoners-of-war in the Soviet Union after 1939

As a result of the Soviet invasion of Poland in 1939, hundreds of thousands of Polish soldiers became prisoners of war in the Soviet Union.

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Polish resistance movement in World War II

The Polish resistance movement in World War II, with the Polish Home Army at its forefront, was the largest underground resistance movement in all of occupied Europe, covering both German and Soviet zones of occupation.

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Polish Workers' Party

The Polish Workers' Party (Polska Partia Robotnicza, PPR) was a communist party in Poland from 1942 to 1948.

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Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The Politburo (p, full: Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, abbreviated Политбюро ЦК КПСС, Politbyuro TsK KPSS) was the highest policy-making government authority under the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

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Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union

There was systematic political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union, based on the interpretation of political opposition or dissent as a psychiatric problem.

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Political repression in the Soviet Union

Throughout the history of the Soviet Union, tens of millions of people suffered political repression, which was an instrument of the state since the October Revolution.

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Port of Dar es Salaam

The Port of Dar es Salaam is the principal port serving Tanzania.

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Preview of the War We Do Not Want

Collier's Magazine devoted its entire 130-page October 27, 1951 issue to narrate the events in a hypothetical Third World War, in a feature article entitled Preview of the War We Do Not Want - an Imaginary Account of Russia's defeat and Occupation, 1952-60.

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Purge of the Red Army in 1941

Between October 1940 and February 1942, in spite of the ongoing German attack on the Soviet Union in June 1941, the Red Army, in particular the Soviet Air Force, as well as Soviet military-related industries were subjected to purges by Stalin.

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Pyotr Kapitsa

Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa or Peter Kapitza (Russian: Пётр Леони́дович Капи́ца, Romanian: Petre Capiţa (– 8 April 1984) was a leading Soviet physicist and Nobel laureate, best known for his work in low-temperature physics.

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Ramón Mercader

Jaime Ramón Mercader del Río (7 February 1913 – 18 October 1978),Photograph of more commonly known as Ramón Mercader, was a Spanish communist and NKVD agent who assassinated the Russian Bolshevik revolutionary Leon Trotsky in Mexico City in August 1940.

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RDS-1

The RDS-1 (РДС-1), also known as Izdeliye 501 (device 501) and First Lightning, was the nuclear bomb used in the Soviet Union's first nuclear weapon test.

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RDS-2 Linage

The RDS-2 nuclear warhead was created and designed by the Soviet Union during the late 1940s and early 1950s.

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RDS-37

RDS-37 was the Soviet Union's first two-stage hydrogen bomb, first tested on November 22, 1955.

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Red Army invasion of Georgia

The Red Army invasion of Georgia (15 February – 17 March 1921), also known as the Soviet–Georgian War or the Soviet invasion of Georgia,Debo, R. (1992).

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Red Monarch

Red Monarch is a 1983 British television film starring Colin Blakely as Joseph Stalin.

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Red Terror (Spain)

The Red Terror in Spain (Terror Rojo) is the name given by some historians to various acts of violence committed from 1936 until the end of the Spanish Civil War "by sections of nearly all the leftist groups".

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Rise of Joseph Stalin

Joseph Stalin was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union's Central Committee from 1922 until his death in 1953.

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Robert Soblen

Dr.

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Roman Świątkiewicz

Roman Świątkiewicz, pen name Roman Świątek, or Romuald Świątek-Horyń (born May 20, 1928), is a Polish writer, war veteran and World War II amateur historian.

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Roman Rudenko

Roman Andriyovych Rudenko (Роман Андрійович Руденко, Рома́н Андре́евич Руде́нко, 30 July 1907 – 23 January 1981) was a Ukrainian Soviet lawyer.

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Roshan Seth

Roshan Seth is an Indian-born British actor, who appears mainly in British and American films.

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Rossiyskaya Gazeta

(Российская газета, lit. Russian Gazette) is a Russian newspaper published by the Government of Russia.

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Russian Alsos

The Soviet Alsos or the Russian Alsos was an operation that took place during 19451946 in Germany, Austria, and Czechoslovakia, and whose objectives were the exploitation of German atomic related facilities, intellectual materials, materiel resources, and scientific personnel for the benefit of the Soviet atomic bomb project.

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Russian political jokes

Russian political jokes (or, rather, Russophone political jokes) are a part of Russian humour and can be naturally grouped into the major time periods: Imperial Russia, Soviet Union and finally post-Soviet Russia.

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S-25 Berkut

The S-25 Berkut (С-25 «Беркут»; "Berkut" means golden eagle in English) is a surface-to-air guided missile, the first operational SAM system in the Soviet Union.

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Saint Gregory the Illuminator Church, Tbilisi

Saint Gregory the Illuminator Church (Սուրբ Գրիգոր Լուսավորիչ եկեղեցի; Церковь св.) is an Armenian church in Ketevan Tsamebuli Avenue (formerly Kakheti Street) in Tbilisi, Georgia.

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Saint Karapet Church, Tbilisi

Saint Karapet Church (წმინდა კარაპეტის ეკლესია, Սուրբ Կարապետ եկեղեցի; Церковь св.) is an Armenian church now functioning as Georgian Othodox church in Old Tbilisi, Georgia.

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Saint Sarkis Church, Tbilisi

Saint Sarkis Church (Սուրբ Սարգիս եկեղեցի), is an Armenian church in Harpukh Sulfuric Baths district of Old Tbilisi, Georgia.

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Sandro Akhmeteli

Sandro Akhmeteli (სანდრო ახმეტელი; real name: Aleksandre Akhmetelashvili, ალექსანდრე ახმეტელაშვილი) (April 13, 1886 – June 27, 1937) was a Georgian theater director whose innovative conceptions and skill at mass scenes profoundly influenced the evolution of Soviet and post-Soviet Georgian theater tradition.

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Sandro Shanshiashvili

Sandro Shanshiashvili (სანდრო შანშიაშვილი) (1888-1979) was a Georgian poet and playwright.

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Sariya Lakoba

Sariya Akhmedovna Lakoba (Сария Ахмедовна Лакоба; born Sariya Akhmedovna Dzhikh-Ogly Сария Ахмедовна Джих-оглы; 1904 – 16 May 1939), was a Soviet woman who was the spouse of Nestor Lakoba, the leader of Abkhazia.

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Sasha Gegechkori

Aleksi "Sasha" Gegechkori (ალექსი "საშა" გეგეჭკორი; Алексей Александрович "Саша" Гегечкори, Aleksey Aleksandrovich Gegechkori) (November 23, 1887 – June 7, 1928) was a Georgian Bolshevik activist involved in Sovietization of Georgia in 1921.

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Second Chechen War

Second Chechen War (Втора́я чече́нская война́), also known as the Second Chechen Сampaign (Втора́я чече́нская кампа́ния), was an armed conflict on the territory of Chechnya and the border regions of the North Caucasus between the Russian Federation and the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, also with militants of various Islamist groups, fought from August 1999 to April 2009.

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Semipalatinsk Test Site

The Semipalatinsk Test Site (STS or Semipalatinsk-21), also known as "The Polygon", was the primary testing venue for the Soviet Union's nuclear weapons.

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Semyon Ignatyev

Semyon Denisovich Ignatiev, also spelled Ignatyev (Семён Денисович Игнатьев; 14 September 1904, Karlivka, Kherson Governorate – 27 November 1983, Moscow) was a Soviet politician.

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Sergei Korolev

Sergei Pavlovich Korolev (a,, also transliterated as Sergey Pavlovich Korolyov, Сергій Павлович Корольов Serhiy Pavlovych Korolyov; – 14 January 1966) worked as the lead Soviet rocket engineer and spacecraft designer during the Space Race between the United States and the Soviet Union in the 1950s and 1960s.

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Sergei Kruglov (politician)

Sergei Nikiforovich Kruglov (October 2, 1907 – June 6, 1977) was the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Soviet Union from December 1945 to March 1953 and again from June 1953 until January 1956.

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Sergei Ogoltsov

Sergei Ivanovich Ogoltsov (Сергей Иванович Огольцов in Russian; August 29, 1900 – October 26, 1976) was a Russian member of the Soviet NKVD from 1936 until it was reorganized as the MGB in 1946.

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Sergey Afanasyev (engineer)

Sergey Alexandrovich Afanasyev (Серге́й Алекса́ндрович Афана́сьев) (August 30, 1918 – May 13, 2001) was a prominent Soviet engineer, space and defence industry executive, the first Minister of the Soviet-era Ministry of General Machine Building.

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Sergey Kavtaradze

Sergey or Sergo Kavtaradze (Georgian: სერგო ქავთარაძე, Sergo Kavtaradze; Russian: Сергей Иванович Кавтарадзе, Sergey Ivanovich Kavtaradze; 15 August 1885 – 17 October 1971) was a Soviet politician and diplomat who briefly served as head of government in the Georgian SSR and as Deputy Prosecutor General of the Soviet Union.

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Sergey Spigelglas

Sergey Mikhailovich Spigelglas or Spiegelglass or Shpigelglas (Серге́й Миха́йлович Шпи́гельглас) (29 April 1897 - 29 January 1941) was acting head of the Soviet foreign intelligence service, then part of the NKVD, from February to June 1938.

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Sergo Goglidze

Sergo Goglidze (1901 – 23 December 1953) was a Soviet NKVD official of Georgian ethnicity.

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Serov Instructions

The so-called Serov Instructions (full title: On the Procedure for Carrying out the Deportation of Anti-Soviet Elements from Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia) was an undated top secret document, signed by General Ivan Serov, Deputy People's Commissar for State Security of the Soviet Union (NKGB).

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Seven Sisters (Moscow)

The Seven Sisters (lit) are a group of seven skyscrapers in Moscow designed in the Stalinist style.

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Shamil Basayev

Shamil Salmanovich Basayev (Шамиль Басаев, Шамиль Салманович Басаев; 14 January 1965 – 10 July 2006) was a Chechen General militant Islamist and a leader of the Chechen movement.

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Sharashka

The Experimental Design Bureau (Opytnoe konstruktorskoe bûro; ОКБ), commonly known as sharashka (шара́шка,; sometimes sharaga, sharazhka) was an informal name for secret research and development laboratories in the Soviet Gulag labor camp system.

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Simon Russell Beale

Simon Russell Beale, CBE (born 12 January 1961) is an English actor, author and music historian.

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SMERSH

SMERSH (СМЕРШ) was an umbrella organisation for three independent counter-intelligence agencies in the Red Army formed in late 1942 or even earlier, but officially announced only on 14 April 1943.

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SMERSH (James Bond)

SMERSH is a fictional Soviet counterintelligence agency featured in Ian Fleming's early James Bond novels as agent 007's nemesis.

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Solomon Milshtein

Solomon Rafailovich Milshtein (Соломон Рафаилович Мильштейн; 1899 – 14 January 1955) was a Soviet state security official.

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Solomon Mogilevsky

Solomon Grigorevich Mogilevsky (Соломо́н Григо́рьевич Могиле́вский; 1885 – March 22, 1925) headed the Soviet foreign intelligence service, the INO of the GPU, from 1921 until May 1922.

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Soviet atomic bomb project

The Soviet atomic bomb project (Russian: Советский проект атомной бомбы, Sovetskiy proyekt atomnoy bomby) was the classified research and development program that was authorized by Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union to develop nuclear weapons during World War II.

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Soviet biological weapons program

The Soviet Union began a biological weapons program in the 1920s.

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Soviet deportations from Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina

The Soviet deportations from Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina took place between late 1940 and 1951 and were part of Joseph Stalin's policy of political repression of the potential opposition to the Soviet power (see Population transfer in the Soviet Union).

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Soviet deportations from Lithuania

Soviet deportations from Lithuania were a series of 35 mass deportations carried out in Lithuania, a country that was occupied as a constituent socialist republic of the Soviet Union, in 1941 and 1945–1952.

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Soviet repressions of Polish citizens (1939–1946)

In the aftermath of the German and Soviet invasion of Poland, which took place in September 1939, the territory of Poland was divided in half between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union.

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Soviet territorial claims against Turkey

Soviet territorial claims to Turkey from 1945 to 1953 consisted of several different proposals for normalizing the Soviet-Turkish border in a way favorable to the Soviet Union and relevant constituent nationalities in the Eastern Anatolia Region.

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Soviet Top League

The Soviet Top League, known after 1970 as the Higher League (Высшая лига) served as the top division of Soviet Union football from 1936 until 1991.

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Soviet Union in World War II

The Soviet Union signed a non-aggression pact with Nazi Germany on 23 August 1939.

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Special Tasks

Special Tasks: The Memoirs of an Unwanted Witness—A Soviet Spymaster is the autobiography of Pavel Sudoplatov, who was a member of the intelligence services of the Soviet Union who rose to the rank of lieutenant general.

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Spymaster

A spymaster is the leader of a spy ring, run by a secret service.

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Stalin (1992 film)

Stalin is a 1992 television film, produced for HBO, starring Robert Duvall portraying Soviet leader Joseph Stalin.

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Stalin and antisemitism

The question of how antisemitic Joseph Stalin was is widely discussed by historians.

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Stalin and His Hangmen

Stalin and His Hangmen: An Authoritative Portrait of a Tyrant and Those Who Served Him by Donald Rayfield, and the imprinted with another subtitle: Stalin and His Hangmen: The Tyrant and Those Who Killed for Him, is a 2004 political biography by Donald Rayfield, of Joseph Stalin and his subordinates who ran the Soviet secret police: Felix Dzerzhinsky, Vyacheslav Menzhinsky, Genrikh Yagoda, Nikolai Yezhov and Lavrentiy Beria.

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Stalin's poetry

Before he became a Bolshevik revolutionary and the leader of the Soviet Union, Joseph Stalin was a promising poet.

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Stalingrad-class battlecruiser

The Stalingrad-class battlecruiser, also known as Project 82 (Тяжёлые крейсера проекта 82), was a Soviet battlecruiser design from 1941.

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Stalinism

Stalinism is the means of governing and related policies implemented from the 1920s to 1953 by Joseph Stalin (1878–1953).

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Stanislav Redens

Stanislav Frantsevich Redens (Станислав Францевич Реденс., Stanisław Redens; May 17, 1892 – January 21, 1940) was a Soviet secret police official, one of those responsible for conducting mass repressions under Joseph Stalin.

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Stanislaw Ulam

Stanisław Marcin Ulam (13 April 1909 – 13 May 1984) was a Polish-American scientist in the fields of mathematics and nuclear physics.

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State Defense Committee

The State Defense Committee (translit) was an extraordinary organ of state power in the USSR during the German-Soviet War (Great Patriotic War) which held complete state power in the country.

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State Protection Authority

The State Protection Authority (Államvédelmi Hatóság or ÁVH) was the secret police of Hungary from 1945 until 1956.

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State within a state

A state within a state or a deep state is a political situation in a country when an internal organ ("deep state"), such as the armed forces or public authorities (intelligence agencies, police, secret police, administrative agencies, and branches of government bureaucracy), does not respond to the civilian political leadership.

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Stavka

The Stavka (Ставка) was the high command of the armed forces in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union.

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Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union

In the Soviet Union, systematic political abuse of psychiatry took place and was based on the interpretation of political dissent as a psychiatric problem.

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Svetlana Alliluyeva

Svetlana Iosifovna Alliluyeva (Светла́на Ио́сифовна Аллилу́ева;;; 28 February 1926 – 22 November 2011), later known as Lana Peters, was the youngest child and only daughter of Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin and Nadezhda Alliluyeva, Stalin's second wife.

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Symphony No. 11 (Shostakovich)

The Symphony No.

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T-44

The T-44 is a medium tank first produced near the end of World War II by the Soviet Union.

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Tatiana Okunevskaya

Tatiana Kirillovna Okunevskaya (Татьяна Кирилловна Окуневская.; March 3, 1914 – May 15, 2002) was a Soviet and Russian actress.

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Tbilisi Circus

The Tbilisi Circus (თბილისის ცირკი) is the main circus in Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia.

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Tengiz Abuladze

Tengiz Abuladze (თენგიზ აბულაძე; January 31, 1924 in Kutaisi – March 6, 1994 in Tbilisi) was a Georgian film director, screenwriter, theatre teacher and People's Artist of the USSR.

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Teohari Georgescu

Teohari Georgescu (January 31, 1908 – December 31, 1976) was a high-ranking member of the Romanian Communist Party.

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Territories of Poland annexed by the Soviet Union

17 days after the German invasion of Poland in 1939, which marked the beginning of World War II, the Soviet Union invaded the eastern regions of the Second Polish Republic, which Poland re-established during the Polish–Soviet War and referred to as the "Kresy", and annexed territories totaling with a population of 13,299,000 inhabitants including Lithuanians,Russians, Belarusians, Ukrainians, Poles, Jews, Czechs and others.

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The Alteration

The Alteration is a 1976 alternative history novel by Kingsley Amis, set in a parallel universe in which the Reformation did not take place.

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The Cold Summer of 1953

The Cold Summer of 1953 (Kholodnoe leto pyatdesyat tretego) is a 1988 Soviet crime film directed by Aleksandr Proshkin.

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The Death of Stalin

The Death of Stalin is a 2017 political satire comedy film written and directed by Armando Iannucci and co-written by David Schneider, Ian Martin and Peter Fellows.

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The Fall of Berlin (film)

The Fall of Berlin (Падение Берлина; translit. Padeniye Berlina) is a 1950 Soviet war film and an example of Soviet realism, in two parts separated in the manner of a serial, directed by Mikheil Chiaureli, released by the Mosfilm Studio.

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The Feasts of Belshazzar, or a Night with Stalin

The Feasts of Belshazzar, or a Night with Stalin or (Piry Valtasara, ili noch so Stalinym) is a 1989 film adaptation of Fazil Iskander's eponymous novella directed by Yuri Kara.

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The Inner Circle (1991 film)

The Inner Circle is a 1991 drama film by Russian director Andrei Konchalovsky, telling the story of Joseph Stalin's private projectionist and KGB officer Ivan Sanchin between 1939 and 1953, Stalin's year of death.

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The Literature of Georgia: A History

The Literature of Georgia: A History by Donald Rayfield, professor of Russian and Georgian at the University of London, is the first and the most comprehensive study of the literature of Georgia that has ever appeared in English.

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The Vow (1946 film)

The Vow (Klyatva) is a 1946 Soviet film directed by Mikheil Chiaureli.

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Timeline of events in the Cold War

This is a timeline of the main events of the Cold War, a state of political and military tension after World War II between powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others) and powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union, its allies in the Warsaw Pact and later the People's Republic of China).

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Timeline of Russian history

This is a timeline of Russian history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Russia and its predecessor states.

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Timeline of the 20th century

This is a timeline of the 20th century.

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Timeline of the Great Purge

The Great Purge of 1936-1938 in the Soviet Union can be roughly divided into four periods: Memorial, 2007;October 1936 - February 1937: Reforming the security organizations, adopting official plans for purging the elites.

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Titsian Tabidze

Titsian Tabidze (ტიციან ტაბიძე), simply referred to as Titsiani (ტიციანი) (21 March 1895 – 16 December 1937) was a Georgian poet and one of the leaders of Georgian symbolist movement.

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Tokamak

A tokamak (Токамáк) is a device that uses a powerful magnetic field to confine a hot plasma in the shape of a torus.

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Treaty of Kars

The Treaty of Kars (Kars Antlaşması, Карсский договор / Karskii dogovor, ყარსის ხელშეკრულება, Կարսի պայմանագիր, Qars müqaviləsi) was a peace treaty that established the common borders between Turkey and the three Transcaucasian republics of the Soviet Union (today the independent republics of Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan).

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Triumvirate

A triumvirate (triumvirātus) is a political regime ruled or dominated by three powerful individuals known as triumvirs (triumviri).

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Tsereteli

The Tsereteli (წერეთელი) is a noble family in Georgia, which gave origin to several notable writers, politicians, scholars, and artists.

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Tube Alloys

Tube Alloys was a code name of the clandestine research and development programme, authorised by the United Kingdom, with participation from Canada, to develop nuclear weapons during the Second World War.

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Turkish Straits crisis

The Turkish Straits crisis was a Cold War-era territorial conflict between the Soviet Union and Turkey.

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Ukrainian Insurgent Army

The Ukrainian Insurgent Army (Українська повстанська армія, УПА, Ukrayins’ka Povstans’ka Armiya, UPA) was a Ukrainian nationalist paramilitary and later partisan army that engaged in a series of guerrilla conflicts during World War II against Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, and both Underground and Communist Poland.

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Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic

The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (Ukrainian SSR or UkrSSR or UkSSR; Украї́нська Радя́нська Соціалісти́чна Респу́бліка, Украї́нська РСР, УРСР; Украи́нская Сове́тская Социалисти́ческая Респу́блика, Украи́нская ССР, УССР; see "Name" section below), also known as the Soviet Ukraine, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union from the Union's inception in 1922 to its breakup in 1991. The republic was governed by the Communist Party of Ukraine as a unitary one-party socialist soviet republic. The Ukrainian SSR was a founding member of the United Nations, although it was legally represented by the All-Union state in its affairs with countries outside of the Soviet Union. Upon the Soviet Union's dissolution and perestroika, the Ukrainian SSR was transformed into the modern nation-state and renamed itself to Ukraine. Throughout its 72-year history, the republic's borders changed many times, with a significant portion of what is now Western Ukraine being annexed by Soviet forces in 1939 from the Republic of Poland, and the addition of Zakarpattia in 1946. From the start, the eastern city of Kharkiv served as the republic's capital. However, in 1934, the seat of government was subsequently moved to the city of Kiev, Ukraine's historic capital. Kiev remained the capital for the rest of the Ukrainian SSR's existence, and remained the capital of independent Ukraine after the breakup of the Soviet Union. Geographically, the Ukrainian SSR was situated in Eastern Europe to the north of the Black Sea, bordered by the Soviet republics of Moldavia, Byelorussia, and the Russian SFSR. The Ukrainian SSR's border with Czechoslovakia formed the Soviet Union's western-most border point. According to the Soviet Census of 1989 the republic had a population of 51,706,746 inhabitants, which fell sharply after the breakup of the Soviet Union. For most of its existence, it ranked second only to the Russian SFSR in population, economic and political power.

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Uprising of 1953 in East Germany

The Uprising of 1953 in East Germany started with a strike by East Berlin construction workers on 16 June 1953.

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Us Conductors

Us Conductors is a debut novel by Canadian writer Sean Michaels.

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Vadim Kozin

Vadim Alekseyevich Kozin (Вадим Алексеевич Козин; March 21, 1903 – December 19, 1994) was a Russian tenor and songwriter.

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Valentin Gaft

Valentin Yosifovich Gaft (Валенти́н Ио́сифович Гафт; born 2 September 1935 in Moscow) is a Russian and Soviet actor, People's Artist of Russia (1984).

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Valery Troitskaya

Valery Troitskaya (1917 - 2010) was a Russian geophysicist who is known for her work on Ultra Low Frequency (ULF) waves.

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Valter Roman

Valter or Walter Roman (October 9, 1913 – November 11, 1983), born Ernst or Ernő Neuländer, was a Romanian communist activist and soldier.

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Varvara Yakovleva (politician)

Varvara Nikolaevna Yakovleva (Варвара Николаевна Яковлева) (1884 – 1941 or 1944) was a prominent Bolshevik party member and Soviet government official who later supported Leon Trotsky's attempt to democratize the party.

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Vasil Mzhavanadze

Vasil Pavlovich Mzhavanadze (also Vasily; ვასილ მჟავანაძე; – 31 August 1988) was the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Georgian SSR from September 1953 to September 28, 1972 and a member of the CPSU's Politburo from June 29, 1957 to December 18, 1972.

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Vasile Luca

Vasile Luca (born László Luka; 8 June 1898 – 23 July 1963) was an Austro-Hungarian-born Romanian and Soviet communist politician, a leading member of the Romanian Communist Party (PCR) from 1945 and until his imprisonment in the 1950s.

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Vasily Blokhin

Vasily Mikhailovich Blokhin (Васи́лий Миха́йлович Блохи́н; 7 January 1895 – 3 February 1955) was a Soviet Russian Major-General who served as the chief executioner of the Stalinist NKVD under the administrations of Genrikh Yagoda, Nikolai Yezhov, and Lavrentiy Beria.

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Vasily Blyukher

Vasily Konstantinovich Blyukher (also spelled Bliukher, Blücher, etc., (December 1 1889– November 9, 1938) was a Soviet military commander.

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Victor Alter

Victor Alter (also Wiktor Alter; 7 February 1890 – 17 February 1943) was a Jewish socialist activist and publicist of the Bund, and a member of the executive committee of the Second International.

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Viktor Abakumov

Viktor Semyonovich Abakumov (Виктор Семёнович Абакумов; 24 April 1908 – 19 December 1954) was a high level Soviet security official from 1943 to 1946, the head of SMERSH in the USSR People's Commissariat of Defense, and from 1946 to 1951, Minister of State Security or MGB (ex-NKGB).

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Vitals (novel)

Vitals is a 2002 science fiction/techno-thriller novel by American writer Greg Bear, nominated for a John W. Campbell Memorial Award in 2002.

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Vladimir Bukovsky

From the late 1950s to the mid-1970s, Vladimir Konstantinovich Bukovsky (Влади́мир Константи́нович Буко́вский; b. 30 December 1942) was a prominent figure in the Soviet dissident movement, well-known at home and abroad.

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Vladimir Dekanozov

Vladimir Georgievich Dekanozov (Dekanozishvili) (Влади́мир Гео́ргиевич Декано́зов (Деканозишви́ли)) (June 1898 – 23 December 1953) was a Soviet senior state security operative and diplomat.

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Vladimir Petlyakov

Vladimir Mikhailovich Petlyakov (Влади́мир Миха́йлович Петляко́в) (15 June 1891 – 12 January 1942) was a Soviet aeronautical engineer.

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Vladimir Petrov (diplomat)

Vladimir Mikhaylovich Petrov (Влади́мир Миха́йлович Петро́в; 15 February 1907 – 14 June 1991) was a member of the Soviet Union's clandestine services who became famous in 1954 for his defection to Australia.

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Vladimir Voinovich

Vladimir Nikolayevich Voinovich, also spelled Voynovich (Влади́мир Никола́евич Войно́вич, born 26 September 1932, Stalinabad) is a Russian writer, poet, playwright and journalist, a former Soviet dissident.

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Volga Germans

The Volga Germans (Wolgadeutsche or Russlanddeutsche, Povolzhskiye nemtsy) are ethnic Germans who colonized and historically lived along the Volga River in the region of southeastern European Russia around Saratov and to the south.

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Vorkuta uprising

The Vorkuta Uprising was a major uprising of the labor camp inmates at the Vorkuta Gulag in Vorkuta, Russia in July–August 1953, shortly after the arrest of Lavrentiy Beria.

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Vsevolod Merkulov

Vsevolod Nikolayevich (Boris) Merkulov (Всеволод Николаевич Меркулов in Russian) (– 23 December 1953) was the head of NKGB from February to July 1941, and again from April 1943 to March 1946.

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Vyacheslav Molotov

Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov (né Skryabin; 9 March 1890 – 8 November 1986) was a Soviet politician and diplomat, an Old Bolshevik, and a leading figure in the Soviet government from the 1920s, when he rose to power as a protégé of Joseph Stalin.

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Walter Gotell

Walter Jack Gotell (15 March 1924 – 5 May 1997) was a German actor, known for his role as General Gogol, head of the KGB, in the Roger Moore-era of the James Bond film series, as well as having played the role of Morzeny, a villain, in From Russia With Love.

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Walter Ulbricht

Walter Ernst Paul Ulbricht (30 June 18931 August 1973) was a German Communist politician.

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Warfarin

Warfarin, sold under the brand name Coumadin among others, is a medication that is used as an anticoagulant (blood thinner).

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We will bury you

"We will bury you!" (translit) is a phrase that was used by Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev while addressing Western ambassadors at a reception at the Polish embassy in Moscow on November 18, 1956.

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Werner Hartmann (physicist)

Werner Hartmann (30 January 1912 in Berlin-Friedenau – 8 March 1988 in Dresden) was a German physicist who introduced microelectronics into East Germany.

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Werwolf

Werwolf (German for "werewolf") was a Nazi plan, which began development in 1944, to create a resistance force which would operate behind enemy lines as the Allies advanced through Germany.

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Willi Münzenberg

Wilhelm "Willi" Münzenberg (14 August 1889, Erfurt, Germany – June 1940, Saint-Marcellin, France) was a communist political activist.

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Winston Churchill

Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British politician, army officer, and writer, who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955.

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World War II Behind Closed Doors: Stalin, the Nazis and the West

World War II Behind Closed Doors: Stalin, the Nazis and the West is a 2008 six-episode BBC/PBS documentary series on the role of Joseph Stalin and German-Soviet relations before, during, and after World War II, created by Laurence Rees and Andrew Williams.

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World War II by country

Nearly every country in the world participated in World War II, with the exception of a few countries that remained neutral.

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Yakov Smushkevich

Yakov Vladimirovich Smushkevich (Яков Владимирович Смушкевич; April 14, 1902 – October 28, 1941) was a Lithuanian Jew and Commander of the Soviet Air Force.

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Yefim Yevdokimov

Yefim Georgievich Yevdokimov (Ефи́м Гео́ргиевич Евдоки́мов, – 2 February 1940) was a Soviet politician and member of the Cheka.

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Yevgenia Albats

Yevgenia Markovna Albats (Евге́ния Ма́рковна Альба́ц, born 5 September 1958, Agentura.ru, referring to another web site., Znamya) is a Russian investigative journalist, political scientist, writer and radio host.

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Yuri Felshtinsky

Yuri Georgievich Felshtinsky (Ю́рий Гео́ргиевич Фельшти́нский, born 7 September 1956 in Moscow) is a Russian American historian.

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Yuri Orlov

Yuri Fyodorovich Orlov (Ю́рий Фёдорович Орло́в, born 13 August 1924 in Moscow) is Professor of Physics and Government at Cornell University, a former Soviet dissident, Soviet nuclear physicist and human rights activist, a founder of the Moscow Helsinki Group and Soviet Amnesty International group.

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Yury Dombrovsky

Yury Osipovich Dombrovsky (Ю́рий О́сипович Домбро́вский) (May 12, 1909 - May 29, 1978) was a Russian writer who spent nearly eighteen years in Soviet prison camps and exile.

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Zhou Enlai

Zhou Enlai (5 March 1898 – 8 January 1976) was the first Premier of the People's Republic of China, serving from October 1949 until his death in January 1976.

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Zinaida Reich

Zinaida Nikolayevna Reich (the last name also spelled Raikh or Raih; Зинаида Николаевна Райх; – 15 July 1939) was a Russian actress and became one of the main stars of the Meyerhold Theatre until it was closed under Joseph Stalin.

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Zoya Fyodorova

Zoya Alekseyevna Fyodorova (Зоя Алексеевна Федорова; 11 December 1981) was a Russian film star who had an affair with American Navy captain Jackson Tate in 1945 and bore a child, Victoria Fyodorova in January 1946.

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Zrkinyants Saint Gevork Church

Zrkinyants Saint Gevork Church (Զրկինյանց Սուրբ Գևորգ Եկեղեցի; Церковь Зркинянц Св.) was an Armenian Apostolic church in Tbilisi, Georgia.

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12th Chief Directorate

The 12th Chief (or "Main") Directorate of the Ministry of Defense (12 GU MO) of the former USSR and of the modern Russian Federation (Russian: 12 Главное Управление Министерства Обороны СССР/РФ (Ядерно-техническое обеспечение и Безопасность)) is a department within the Russian (ex-Soviet) Ministry of Defense responsible for safe-keeping, technical maintenance, transportation, delivery, issuance, disposal, etc.

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1899

No description.

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1940

Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.

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1949–51 Soviet nuclear tests

The Soviet Union's 1949-1951 nuclear test series was a group of 3 nuclear tests conducted in 1949-1951.

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1953

No description.

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19th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The Nineteenth Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was held from 5 to 14 October 1952.

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19th Presidium of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The 19th Presidium of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was elected by the 19th Central Committee in the aftermath of the 19th Congress.

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Redirects here:

Beria, Berija, Berya, L. P. Beria, Laurence Beria, Laurenty Pavlovich Beria, Laventrii Beria, Lavernti Beria, Lavernty Beria, Lavrenti Beria, Lavrenti Pavlovich Beria, Lavrentii Beria, Lavrentii Pavlovich Beria, Lavrentiy Beriya, Lavrentiy Pavlovich Beria, Lavrenty Beria, Lavrenty Beriya, Lavrenty Pavlovich Beria, Lawrentij Berija, Берия, ლავრენტი პავლეს ძე ბერია.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavrentiy_Beria

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