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Lithuanian nobility

Index Lithuanian nobility

The Lithuanian nobility was historically a legally privileged class in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania consisting of Lithuanians, from the historical regions of Lithuania Proper and Samogitia, and, following Lithuania's eastern expansion, many Ruthenian noble families (boyars). [1]

177 relations: Abraomas Kulvietis, Adam Mickiewicz, Administrative divisions of Lithuania, Albert Wijuk Kojałowicz, Albertas Goštautas, Albertas Manvydas, Alekna Sudimantaitis, Aleksander Józef Lisowski, Alexandru Macedonski, Andrius Rudamina, Anna Jagiellon, Anna of Cilli, Anna Radziwiłł (nobility), Anna, Grand Duchess of Lithuania, Antanas Baranauskas, Artillery battery, Athanasius of Brest-Litovsk, Aušra, Šatrijos Ragana, Šiauliai Gymnasium, Švitrigaila, Žemaitė, Baltic nobility, Barbara Radziwiłł, Battle of Wilkomierz, Birštonas, Bychowiec Chronicle, Casimir Siemienowicz, Casimir's Code, Chodkiewicz, Christianization of Lithuania, Coat of arms of Lithuania, Demographic history of the Vilnius region, Dieveniškės, Dionizas Poška, Education in Lithuania, Elizaveta Ostrogska, Emilija Vileišienė, Ennoblement, European microstates, Family of Gediminas, Felicija Bortkevičienė, Feodor Ostrogski, Flag of Lithuania, Gabrielė Petkevičaitė-Bitė, Goštautai, Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Halshany, Heraldic adoption, Historical Presidential Palace, Kaunas, ..., History of Lithuania, History of Lithuania (1219–95), History of Poland during the Jagiellonian dynasty, History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1648), Ignacy Żagiell, Iliaș of Moldavia, Jan Hieronimowicz Chodkiewicz, Jan Karol Chodkiewicz, Jan Kazimierz Chodkiewicz, Jan Prosper Witkiewicz, Jeremi Wiśniowiecki, Jerzy Tyszkiewicz, Jonas Goštautas, Jonas Kęsgaila, Jonas Steponavičius, Jurgis Karnavičius (composer), Jurgis Savickis, Kaimynas, Katarzyna Ostrogska (1560–1579), Kaunas, Konstanty Kazimierz Brzostowski, Konstanty Ostrogski, Krajowcy, Kristinas Astikas, Krzysztof Chodkiewicz, Krzysztof Mikołaj "Perkūnas" Radziwiłł, Krzysztof Zygmunt Pac, Laukininkas, Laurynas Ivinskis, Lazdynų Pelėda, Lipka Tatars, Lisowczycy, List of Lithuanian consorts, List of rulers of Belarus, List of szlachta, Lithuania, Lithuanian Chronicles, Lithuanian Civil War (1389–92), Lithuanian Civil War (1432–1438), Lithuanian Council of Lords, Lithuanian Jews, Lithuanian name, Lithuanian National Revival, Lithuanian Tribunal, Lithuanization, Ludwik Michał Pac, Ludwik Pociej, Maciej Stryjkowski, Merkelis Giedraitis, Merkelis Petkevičius, Mikalojus Radvila the Old, Mikołaj "the Black" Radziwiłł, Mikołaj Krzysztof Radziwiłł, Monarch, Mykolas Biržiška, Mykolas Kęsgaila, Mykolas Kęsgaila (died 1476), Names and titles of Władysław II Jagiełło, Nobility, Ogiński family, Ogończyk coat of arms, Ona Mašiotienė, Ostrogski family, Pac family, Pact of Vilnius and Radom, Pahlen, Palemonids, Perloja, Petras Cvirka, Piłsudski family, Piotr Pac, Poles in Lithuania, Polish-Lithuanian identity, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Polish–Lithuanian union, Polonization, Povilas Plechavičius, Prienai, Radziwiłł family, Rumbaudas Valimantaitis, Russian nobility, Russians in Lithuania, Ruthenian nobility, Samogitian nobility, Sapieha, Sas coat of arms, Seimas of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Sejm, Signatories of the Act of Independence of Lithuania, Silva rerum, Slavery in Lithuania, Sophia of Halshany, Sophia Olelkovich Radziwill, Sophie de Choiseul-Gouffier, Stanisław Narutowicz, Stanislav Czupurna, Stanislovas Goštautas, Stanislovas Kęsgaila, Stanislovas Kęsgaila (died 1532), Stanislovas Rapolionis, Statutes of Lithuania, Stefan Pac, Szlachta, Szlachta privileges, Tadas Blinda. Pradžia, Tadas Ivanauskas, Title, Treaty of Christmemel, Treaty of Salynas, Union of Grodno (1432), Union of Horodło, Union of Kėdainiai, Union of Kraków and Vilna, Union of Krewo, Union of Mielnik, Vaišvilas, Veldamas, Viktoras Biržiška, Vilnius, Vilnius University, Vincentas Jakševičius, Volok Reform, Wasyl Ciapiński, Władysław II Jagiełło, Wiśniowiecki, Yurii Chodkiewicz, 1528 census of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Expand index (127 more) »

Abraomas Kulvietis

Abraomas Kulvietis (Abraham Culvensis; Abraham Kulwieć; c. 1509 – 19 June 1545) was a Lithuanian jurist and a professor at Königsberg Albertina University, as well as a reformer of the church.

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Adam Mickiewicz

Adam Bernard Mickiewicz (24 December 179826 November 1855) was a Polish poet, dramatist, essayist, publicist, translator, professor of Slavic literature, and political activist.

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Administrative divisions of Lithuania

This article is about the administrative divisions of Lithuania.

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Albert Wijuk Kojałowicz

Albert Wijuk Kojałowicz (Wojciech Wijuk Kojałowicz; Albertas Vijūkas-Kojelavičius; Koialovicius-Wijuk Albertus; 1609–1677) was a PolishIncluded on the "List of the major works in philosophy of science by Polish authors" in -Lithuanian historian, theologian and translator.

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Albertas Goštautas

Albertas Goštautas (Albertus Gastold, Olbracht Gasztołd, Альберт Гаштольд) (– 1539) was a Lithuanian noble of the Goštautai family from ethnic Lithuanian lands of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

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Albertas Manvydas

Albertas Manvydas or Albertas Vaitiekus Manvydas (Wojciech Moniwid; died in 1423) was a Lithuanian noble, the first Voivode of Vilnius and founder of the Manvydai family.

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Alekna Sudimantaitis

Alekna Sudimantaitis (Алехна Судзімонтавіч, Olechno Sudymuntowicz; died in 1490/1491) was an influential Lithuanian noble of Trąby coat of arms, Grand Chancellor of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (1478–1490) and Voivode of Vilnius (1477–1490).

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Aleksander Józef Lisowski

Aleksander Józef Lisowski HNG (c. 1580 – October 11, 1616) was a Polish–Lithuanian noble (szlachcic), commander of a mercenary group that after his death adopted the name "Lisowczycy." His coat of arms was ''Jeż'' (Hedgehog).

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Alexandru Macedonski

Alexandru Macedonski (also rendered as Al. A. Macedonski, Macedonschi or Macedonsky; March 14, 1854 – November 24, 1920) was a Romanian poet, novelist, dramatist and literary critic, known especially for having promoted French Symbolism in his native country, and for leading the Romanian Symbolist movement during its early decades.

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Andrius Rudamina

Andrius Rudamina, S.J. (Andree Rudamina; Andrzej Rudomina; 1596 – 5 September 1631) was the first Lithuanian Jesuit missionary in China.

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Anna Jagiellon

Anna Jagiellon (Anna Jagiellonka, Ona Jogailaitė; 18 October 1523 – 12 November 1596) was Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania in her own right from 1575 to 1586.

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Anna of Cilli

Anna of Cilli or Anne of Celje (– 21 May 1416) was Queen consort of Poland (1402–1416).

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Anna Radziwiłł (nobility)

Anna Radziwiłłówna (1475 or 1476 – 15 March 1522) was a Lithuanian noble woman and Duchess of Masovia.

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Anna, Grand Duchess of Lithuania

Anna (Ona Vytautienė; died on 31 July 1418 in Trakai) was Grand Duchess of Lithuania (1392–1418).

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Antanas Baranauskas

Antanas Baranauskas (Antonius Baranovski, Antoni Baranowski; January 17, 1835 in Anykščiai – November 26, 1902) was a Lithuanian poet, mathematician and Catholic bishop of Sejny.

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Artillery battery

In military organizations, an artillery battery is a unit of artillery, mortars, rocket artillery, multiple rocket launchers, surface to surface missiles, ballistic missiles, cruise missiles etc, so grouped to facilitate better battlefield communication and command and control, as well as to provide dispersion for its constituent gunnery crews and their systems.

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Athanasius of Brest-Litovsk

The holy hieromartyr Athanasius of Brest-Litovsk (killed on September 5, 1648 in Brest-Litovsk) is a saint and martyr of the Russian Orthodox Church.

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Aušra

Aušra or Auszra (literally: dawn) was the first national Lithuanian newspaper.

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Šatrijos Ragana

Šatrijos Ragana ("Witch of Šatrija") was the pen name of Marija Pečkauskaitė (March 8, 1877 – July 24, 1930), a Lithuanian humanist and romantic writer and educator.

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Šiauliai Gymnasium

Julius Janonis Gymnasium in Šiauliai (Šiaulių Juliaus Janonio gimnazija) is a public secondary school in Šiauliai, Lithuania.

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Švitrigaila

Švitrigaila (before 1370 – 10 February 1452) was the Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1430 to 1432.

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Žemaitė

Žemaitė (literally female Samogitian) – a pen name of Julija Beniuševičiūtė-Žymantienė; in Bukantė near Plungė – 7 December 1921 in Marijampolė) was a Lithuanian/Samogitian writer. Born to impoverished gentry, she became one of the major participants in the Lithuanian National Revival. She wrote about peasant life in the style best described as realism.

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Baltic nobility

The Baltic or Baltic German nobility was the privileged social class in the territories of today's Estonia and Latvia.

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Barbara Radziwiłł

Barbara Radziwiłł (Barbara Radziwiłłówna, Barbora Radvilaitė; 6 December 1520/23 – 8 May 1551) was Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania as consort of Sigismund II Augustus, the last male monarch of the Jagiellon dynasty.

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Battle of Wilkomierz

The Battle of Wilkomierz (see other names) took place on September 1, 1435, near Ukmergė in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

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Birštonas

Birštonas (בירשטאן Birshton) is a balneological resort and a spa town in Lithuania situated south of Kaunas on the right bank of the Nemunas River.

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Bychowiec Chronicle

The Bychowiec Chronicle (also spelled Bykhovets, Bykovets or Bychovec) is an anonymous 16th-century chronicle of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

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Casimir Siemienowicz

Kazimierz Siemienowicz (Casimirus Siemienowicz, Kazimieras Simonavičius, Kazimierz Siemienowicz, born 1600 – 1651), was a Polish–Lithuanian general of artillery, gunsmith, military engineer, and pioneer of rocketry.

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Casimir's Code

The Casimir's Code (Kazimiero teisynas, Statut Kazimierza) was a legal code adopted in 1468 by Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland Casimir IV Jagiellon with an approval of the Lithuanian Council of Lords.

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Chodkiewicz

The Chodkiewicz (Хадкевіч, Chodkiewiczowie, Chodkevičius, Kadkevičius, Katkevičius, Katkus) family was one of the most influential noble families of Ruthenian descent in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 16th–17th centuries.

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Christianization of Lithuania

The Christianization of Lithuania (Lietuvos krikštas) occurred in 1387, initiated by King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania Władysław II Jagiełło and his cousin Vytautas the Great.

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Coat of arms of Lithuania

The coat of arms of Lithuania, consisting of an armour-clad knight on horseback holding a sword and shield, is also known as Vytis ((coined). It is one of very few containing symbolism adopted from ducal portrait seals rather than from coats of arms of dynasties, which is the case for most European countries. Article 15 of the Constitution of Lithuania, approved by national referendum in 1992, stipulates, "The Coat of Arms of the State shall be a white Vytis on a red field". The heraldic shield features the field gules (red) with an armoured knight on a horse salient argent (silver). The knight is holding in his dexter hand a sword argent above his head. A shield azure hangs on the sinister shoulder of the knight with a double cross or (gold) on it. The horse saddle, straps, and belts are azure. The hilt of the sword and the fastening of the sheath, the stirrups, the curb bits of the bridle, the horseshoes, as well as the decoration of the harness, are or (gold). The blazon is the following: Gules, a knight armed cap-à-pie mounted on a horse salient argent, brandishing a sword proper and maintaining a shield azure charged with a cross of Lorraine Or.

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Demographic history of the Vilnius region

The city of Vilnius, now the capital of Lithuania, and its surrounding region have at various times come under Polish-Lithuanian, Russian, Polish, German, and Soviet rule.

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Dieveniškės

Dieveniškės (literally: Gods' place, Dziewieniszki, Дзевянішкі) is a town in the Vilnius County of Lithuania, about from the Belarusian border in the so-called Dieveniškės appendix.

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Dionizas Poška

Dionizas Poška (October 1764 – 12 May 1830) was a Lithuanian cultural figure of the early 19th-century Samogitian Revival, the early stage of the Lithuanian National Revival.

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Education in Lithuania

The first documented school in Lithuania was established in 1387 at Vilnius Cathedral.

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Elizaveta Ostrogska

Princess Elizaveta Ostrogska (1539–1582), also known as Elżbieta or Halshka, was a Polish heiress, the only child of Prince Illia Ostrogski and Beata Kościelecka.

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Emilija Vileišienė

Emilija Vileišienė née Jasmantaitė (1861–1935) was a Lithuanian activist.

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Ennoblement

Ennoblement is the conferring of nobility—the induction of an individual into the noble class.

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European microstates

The European microstates or European ministates are a set of very small sovereign states in Europe.

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Family of Gediminas

The family of Gediminas is a group of family members of Gediminas, Grand Duke of Lithuania (ca. 1275–1341), who interacted in the 14th century.

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Felicija Bortkevičienė

Felicija Bortkevičienė née Povickaitė (1 September 1873 – 21 October 1945) was a Lithuanian politician and long-term publisher of Lietuvos ūkininkas and Lietuvos žinios.

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Feodor Ostrogski

Prince Feodor Ostrogski (1360–1446) was a powerful magnate in Volhynia of Rurikid stock, son of Daniil Ostrogski.

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Flag of Lithuania

The flag of Lithuania (Lietuvos vėliava) consists of a horizontal tricolor of yellow, green and red.

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Gabrielė Petkevičaitė-Bitė

Gabrielė Petkevičaitė (18 March 1861 – 14 June 1943) was a Lithuanian educator, writer, and activist.

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Goštautai

Goštautai (Lithuanian plural form), masculine Goštautas and feminine form Goštautaitė (Polish original, after Kasper Niesiecki - Gastoldowie, later transformed into Gasztołdowie) were a Lithuanian-Polish noble family, one of the most influential magnate families during the 15th and early 16th centuries.

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Grand Duchy of Lithuania

The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a European state that lasted from the 13th century up to 1795, when the territory was partitioned among the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia, and Austria.

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Halshany

Halshany (Гальшáны, Alšėnai, Гольшáны, Holszany, אלשאן Olshan) is a village and former town in the Grodno Region of Belarus.

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Heraldic adoption

Heraldic adoption (Adopcja herbowa, "adoption under the coat of arms") was, since the 14th-century, a procedure of ennoblement in Poland of a family by including it into the heraldic family or clan of a particular coat of arms.

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Historical Presidential Palace, Kaunas

The Historical Presidential Palace (Istorinė Prezidentūra) is a Neo-baroque building in the Old Town of Kaunas, Lithuania that served as the Presidential Palace during the interwar years.

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History of Lithuania

The history of Lithuania dates back to settlements founded many thousands of years ago, but the first written record of the name for the country dates back to 1009 AD.

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History of Lithuania (1219–95)

The history of Lithuania between 1219 and 1295 concerns the establishment and early history of the first Lithuanian state, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

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History of Poland during the Jagiellonian dynasty

The rule of the Jagiellonian dynasty in Poland between 1386 and 1572 spans the late Middle Ages and early Modern Era in European history.

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History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1648)

History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1648) covers a period in the history of Poland and Lithuania, before their joint state was subjected to devastating wars in the middle of the 17th century.

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Ignacy Żagiell

Ignacy Żagiell (Lithuanian: Ignotas Žagelis) (14 February 1826, Pavirinčiai, Anykščiai district, Lithuania - 21 June 1891, Warsaw or Vilnius) was a physician, traveler and Polish-language writer, descended from Lithuanian nobility.

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Iliaș of Moldavia

Iliaş or Ilie I was Prince (Voivode) of Moldavia twice: from January 1432 to October 1433 and with his brother Stephen II from August 1435 to May 1443.

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Jan Hieronimowicz Chodkiewicz

Jan Hieronimowicz Chodkiewicz (Jonas Chodkevičius) (1537 – 4 August 1579) was a 16th-century Polish-Lithuanian noble.

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Jan Karol Chodkiewicz

Jan Karol Chodkiewicz (c. 1560 – 24 September 1621; Ян Караль Хадкевіч, Jan Karal Chadkievič, Jonas Karolis Chodkevičius) was a military commander of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth army who was from 1601 Field Hetman of Lithuania, and from 1605 Grand Hetman of Lithuania, and was one of the most prominent noblemen and military commanders of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth of his era.

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Jan Kazimierz Chodkiewicz

Jan Kazimierz Chodkiewicz (1616–1660) was a Polonized Lithuanian nobleman (szlachcic).

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Jan Prosper Witkiewicz

Jan Prosper Witkiewicz (Jonas Prosperas Vitkevičius; Ян Вѝкторович Виткѐвич, Yan Viktorovich Vitkevich) (June 24, 1808–May 8, 1839) was a Polish-Lithuanian Verslo Žinios 1 October 2013 orientalist, explorer and diplomat in the Russian service.

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Jeremi Wiśniowiecki

Jeremi Wiśniowiecki (Ярема Вишневецький - Yarema Vyshnevetsky; August 17, 1612 – August 20, 1651) nicknamed Hammer on the Cossacks or Iron Hand, was a notable member of the aristocracy of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Prince of Wiśniowiec, Łubnie and Chorol in the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the father of the future King of Poland, Michael I. A notable magnate and military commander with Ruthenian and Moldavian origin, Wiśniowiecki was heir of one of the biggest fortunes of the state and rose to several notable dignities, including the position of voivode of the Ruthenian Voivodship in 1646.

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Jerzy Tyszkiewicz

Jerzy Tyszkiewicz (Jurgis Tiškevičius; 1596–1656) was auxiliary bishop of Vilnius from 1627 to 1633, bishop of Samogitia from 1633 to 1649, and bishop of Vilnius from 1649 to 1656.

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Jonas Goštautas

Jonas Gostautas or Goštautas (Jan Gasztołd) (c. 1383 in Geranainys – 1 September 1458 in Vilnius) was a Lithuanian nobleman from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania of the Goštautai noble family, a politician and skillful land owner.

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Jonas Kęsgaila

Jonas Kęsgaila (or Kęsgailaitis) (Jan Kieżgajło, Johannes Kyensgalowicz, died 1485) was a Lithuanian nobleman, son of Mykolas Kęsgaila of the Kęsgaila family.

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Jonas Steponavičius

Jonas Steponavičius (10 March 1880 – 8 December 1947) was a Lithuanian Roman Catholic priest active in Lithuanian cultural and political life.

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Jurgis Karnavičius (composer)

Jurgis Karnavičius (23 April 1884 – 22 December 1941) was a Lithuanian composer of classical music and a forerunner of the development of Lithuanian operatic works.

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Jurgis Savickis

Jurgis Savickis (4 May 1890 – 22 December 1952) was a Lithuanian short story writer and diplomat representing interwar Lithuania mostly in the Scandinavian countries.

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Kaimynas

Kaimynas (plural: kaimynai) was a class of non-free peasants in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania before full-scale serfdom was established by the Wallach reform (1557).

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Katarzyna Ostrogska (1560–1579)

Princess Kateryna Ostrozka (1560–1579) was a Polish–Lithuanian noblewoman.

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Kaunas

Kaunas (also see other names) is the second-largest city in Lithuania and the historical centre of Lithuanian economic, academic, and cultural life.

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Konstanty Kazimierz Brzostowski

Konstanty Kazimierz Brzostowski (1644–1722) was a Polish noble, count of the Holy See, and papal prelate.

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Konstanty Ostrogski

Kostanty Iwanowicz Ostrogski (c. 1460 – 10 August 1530; Канстантын Іванавіч Астроскі, Костянтин Іванович Острозький, Kostjantyn Ostroz'kyj, Konstantinas Ostrogiškis, also known under his Ruthenian name Vasyl-Kostjantyn Ostroz'kyj and modern Belarusian transliteration Kanstancin Astrožski) was a magnate of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later a Grand Hetman of Lithuania from 11 September 1497 until his death.

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Krajowcy

The Krajowcy (Fellow Countrymen or Natives; Krajovcai, Краёўцы) was a group of mainly Polish-speaking intellectuals from the Vilnius Region who, at the beginning of the 20th century, opposed the division of the former Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth into nation states along ethnic and linguistic lines.

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Kristinas Astikas

Kristinas Astikas (1363 in Trakai – 1442 or 1444) was a leading Lithuanian noble and statesman of the Astikai family.

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Krzysztof Chodkiewicz

Krzysztof Chodkiewicz or Katkevičius (died 1652) was a Polish–Lithuanian nobleman (szlachcic).

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Krzysztof Mikołaj "Perkūnas" Radziwiłł

Prince Krzysztof Mikołaj Radziwiłł, nicknamed "Piorun" (Kristupas (Mikalojus) Radvila „Perkūnas“, 1547–1603) was a Reichsfürst of the Holy Roman Empire and a member of the nobility of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

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Krzysztof Zygmunt Pac

Krzysztof Zygmunt Pac (Kristupas Zigmantas Pacas) (1621–1684) was a nobleman and statesman of Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Chancellor (1658–1684) of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

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Laukininkas

A laukininkas (plural: laukininkai) was a free peasant in the early Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

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Laurynas Ivinskis

Laurynas Ivinskis (1810-1881) was a Lithuanian teacher, publisher, translator and lexicographer, from a Samogitian noble family.

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Lazdynų Pelėda

Lazdynų Pelėda (literally: Hazelnut Owl) was the common pen name of two Lithuanian sisters writers: Sofija Ivanauskaitė-Pšibiliauskienė (1867–1926) and Marija Ivanauskaitė-Lastauskienė (1872–1957), who were individually mostly known by their respective marriage names.

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Lipka Tatars

The Lipka Tatars (also known as Lithuanian Tatars, Polish Tatars, Lipkowie, Lipcani or Muślimi) are a group of Tatars who originally settled in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania at the beginning of the 14th century.

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Lisowczycy

Lisowczycy (also known as Straceńcy ('lost men' or 'forlorn hope') or chorągiew elearska (company of); or in singular form: Lisowczyk or elear) – the name of an early 17th-century irregular unit of the Polish-Lithuanian light cavalry.

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List of Lithuanian consorts

The consort (or spouse) of the royal rulers of Lithuania and of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was in all cases a woman and nearly all took the title of Grand Duchess.

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List of rulers of Belarus

History of Belarusian states can be traced far to Principality of Polotsk.

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List of szlachta

The szlachta (szlachta) was a privileged social class in the Kingdom of Poland.

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Lithuania

Lithuania (Lietuva), officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika), is a country in the Baltic region of northern-eastern Europe.

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Lithuanian Chronicles

The Lithuanian Chronicles (Lietuvos metraščiai), or Belarusian-Lithuanian Chronicles (Беларуска-літоўскія летапісы; Белорусско-литовские летописи) are three redactions of chronicles compiled in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

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Lithuanian Civil War (1389–92)

The Lithuanian Civil War of 1389–92 was the second civil conflict between Jogaila, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, and his cousin Vytautas.

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Lithuanian Civil War (1432–1438)

The Lithuanian Civil War of 1432–1438 was a conflict over the succession to the throne of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, after Vytautas the Great died in 1430 without leaving an heir.

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Lithuanian Council of Lords

The Lithuanian Council of Lords (Ponų taryba) was the main permanent institution of central government in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania active in its capital city of Vilnius.

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Lithuanian Jews

Lithuanian Jews or Litvaks are Jews with roots in the present-day Lithuania, Belarus, Latvia, northeastern Suwałki and Białystok region of Poland and some border areas of Russia and Ukraine.

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Lithuanian name

A Lithuanian personal name, like in mostly European cultures, consists of two main elements: the given name (vardas) followed by family name (pavardė).

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Lithuanian National Revival

Lithuanian National Revival, alternatively Lithuanian National Awakening (Lietuvių tautinis atgimimas), was a period of the history of Lithuania in the 19th century at the time when a major part of Lithuanian-inhabited areas belonged to the Russian Empire (the Russian partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth).

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Lithuanian Tribunal

The Lithuanian Tribunal was the highest appeal court for the nobility of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

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Lithuanization

Lithuanization (sometimes also called Lithuanianization) is a process of cultural assimilation—either forced or voluntary—adoption of Lithuanian culture or language experienced by non-Lithuanian people or groups of people.

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Ludwik Michał Pac

Ludwik Michał Pac (May 19, 1778 – August 6, 1835) was a Polish general in the Napoleonic army (1808–1814).

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Ludwik Pociej

Ludwik Konstanty Pociej (Liudvikas Pociejus) (1664-1730) was a Lithuanian nobleman, podkomorzy of Brest, podskarbi, castelan and voivode of Vilnius, Great and Field Hetman of Lithuania.

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Maciej Stryjkowski

Maciej Stryjkowski (also referred to as Strykowski and Strycovius; c. 1547 — c. 1593) was a Polish historian, writer and a poet, notable as the author of Chronicle of Poland, Lithuania, Samogitia and all of Ruthenia (1582).

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Merkelis Giedraitis

Merkelis Giedraitis (Melchior Giedroyć; ca. 1536 – 6 April 1609 in Alsėdžiai) was Bishop of Samogitia from 1576 to 1609.

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Merkelis Petkevičius

Merkelis Petkevičius (Melchior Pietkiewicz; 1550–1608) was Reformation (Calvinist) activist in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

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Mikalojus Radvila the Old

Mikalojus Radvila or Mikolaj I nicknamed the Old (Mikalojus Radvilaitis, Mikalojus II Radvila Senasis, Nicolaus II Radziwil Priscus) (c. 1450 – 16 July 1509) was a Lithuanian noble.

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Mikołaj "the Black" Radziwiłł

Mikołaj Krzysztof Radziwiłł (4 February 1515 – 28 May 1565), nicknamed The Black (Lithuanian: Juodasis), was a Polish-Lithuanian noble who held several administrative positions within the Grand Duchy of Lithuania: Voivode of Vilnius, Grand Lithuanian Chancellor, and Grand Hetman of Lithuania.

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Mikołaj Krzysztof Radziwiłł

Prince Mikołaj Krzysztof Radziwiłł (August 14, 1695 in Biała Podlaska – June 2, 1715) was a Lithuanian–Polish nobleman.

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Monarch

A monarch is a sovereign head of state in a monarchy.

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Mykolas Biržiška

Mykolas Biržiška (24 August 1882 in Viekšniai – 24 August 1962 in Los Angeles), a Lithuanian editor, historian, professor of literature, diplomat, and politician, was one of the twenty signatories of the Act of Independence of Lithuania.

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Mykolas Kęsgaila

Mykolas Kęsgaila ValimantaitisMykolas (Michael) is his Christian given name, Kęsgaila is his pagan given name, and Valimantaitis is his patronymic used as last name.

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Mykolas Kęsgaila (died 1476)

Mykolas Kęsgaila (died 1476) was an influential Lithuanian nobleman from the Kęsgailos family.

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Names and titles of Władysław II Jagiełło

Jogaila, later Władysław II JagiełłoFor the sake of simplicity, this article uses the Lithuanian form Jogaila for the early period of his life and the Polish form Władysław for the period following his accession to the Polish throne.

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Nobility

Nobility is a social class in aristocracy, normally ranked immediately under royalty, that possesses more acknowledged privileges and higher social status than most other classes in a society and with membership thereof typically being hereditary.

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Ogiński family

The Ogiński, feminine form: Ogińska, plural: Ogińscy (Oginskiai, Агінскія, Ahinskija) was a noble family of Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Poland (later, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth), member of the Princely Houses of Poland.

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Ogończyk coat of arms

Ogończyk is a Polish coat of arms.

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Ona Mašiotienė

Ona Mašiotienė née Brazauskaitė (9 September 1883 – 29 December 1949) was a Lithuanian teacher and principal, women's rights activist and writer.

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Ostrogski family

The Ostrogski family (Ostrogscy, Ostrogiškiai, Острозькі - Ostroz'ki, Астрожскія, "Астроскія", Острожские -Ostrozhskie) was one of the greatest Polish-Ruthenian families of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

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Pac family

Pacowie (Pacowie, Pacai, Па́цы) was one of the most influential noble families in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania during the era of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

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Pact of Vilnius and Radom

The Pact of Vilnius and Radom (Unia wileńsko-radomska, Vilniaus-Radomo sutartis) was a set of three acts passed in Vilnius, Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and confirmed by the Crown Council in Radom, Kingdom of Poland in 1401.

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Pahlen

The Pahlen family (von der Pahlen; Пален, Palen) is a noble Estonian, Russian, Lithuanian and Swedish family of Baltic German origin.

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Palemonids

The Palemonids were a legendary dynasty of Grand Dukes of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

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Perloja

Perloja is a village in Varėna district, Lithuania.

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Petras Cvirka

Petras Cvirka (March 12, 1909, Klangai, Kovno Governorate – May 2, 1947, Vilnius) was a Lithuanian author of several novels, children's books, and short story collections.

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Piłsudski family

The Piłsudski family (Pilsūdai) is a family of nobility that originated in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and increased in notability under the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Second Polish Republic.

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Piotr Pac

Piotr Pac (Petras Pacas) (after 1570–1642) was a Polish-Lithuanian noble, Lithuanian Court Chorąży from 1613, Lithuanian Court Treasurer from 1635, Voivode of Trakai (1640–1642).

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Poles in Lithuania

The Polish minority in Lithuania numbered 200,317 persons, according to the Lithuanian census of 2011, or 6.6% of the total population of Lithuania.

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Polish-Lithuanian identity

The Polish-Lithuanian identity describes individuals and groups with histories in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth or with close connections to its culture.

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Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, formally the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, after 1791 the Commonwealth of Poland, was a dualistic state, a bi-confederation of Poland and Lithuania ruled by a common monarch, who was both the King of Poland and the Grand Duke of Lithuania.

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Polish–Lithuanian union

The term Polish–Lithuanian Union refers to a series of acts and alliances between the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania that lasted for prolonged periods of time and led to the creation of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth—the "Republic of the Two Nations"—in 1569 and eventually to the creation of a short-lived unitary state in 1791.

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Polonization

Polonization (or Polonisation; polonizacja)In Polish historiography, particularly pre-WWII (e.g., L. Wasilewski. As noted in Смалянчук А. Ф. (Smalyanchuk 2001) Паміж краёвасцю і нацыянальнай ідэяй. Польскі рух на беларускіх і літоўскіх землях. 1864–1917 г. / Пад рэд. С. Куль-Сяльверставай. – Гродна: ГрДУ, 2001. – 322 с. (2004). Pp.24, 28.), an additional distinction between the Polonization (polonizacja) and self-Polonization (polszczenie się) has been being made, however, most modern Polish researchers don't use the term polszczenie się.

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Povilas Plechavičius

Povilas Plechavičius (February 1, 1890 – December 19, 1973) was an Imperial Russian and then Lithuanian military officer and statesman with polish roots.

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Prienai

Prienai is a city in Lithuania situated on the Nemunas River, south of Kaunas.

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Radziwiłł family

The Radziwiłł family (Radvila; Радзівіл, Radzivił; Radziwill) was a powerful magnate family originating from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland.

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Rumbaudas Valimantaitis

Rumbaudas Valimantaitis (died in 1432) was an influential Lithuanian noble of Zadora coat of arms.

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Russian nobility

The Russian nobility (дворянство. dvoryanstvo) arose in the 14th century.

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Russians in Lithuania

Russians in Lithuania numbered 176,913 people, according to the Lithuanian census of 2011, or 5.8% of the total population of Lithuania.

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Ruthenian nobility

Ruthenian nobility (szlachta ruska) refers to the nobility of Kievan Rus and Galicia–Volhynia, which found itself in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and later Russian and Austrian Empires, and became increasingly polonized and later russified, while retaining a separate, cultural identity.

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Samogitian nobility

The term Samogitian nobility refers to the noble class living in the region of Samogitia, in Lithuania and an integral part of Lithuanian nobility.

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Sapieha

Sapieha (Сапега, Sapeha; Lithuanian: Sapiega) is a princely (magnate) family of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania of Ruthenian origin, descending from the medieval boyars of Smolensk or Polack.

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Sas coat of arms

Sas or Szász (origin: Slavic for "Saxon", Polish: Sas, Hungarian: Szász, Romanian: Saş, Ukrainian: Сас) is a Central European coat of arms.

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Seimas of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania

Seimas (Sejm, Sojm, Сойм) was an early parliament in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

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Sejm

The Sejm of the Republic of Poland (Sejm Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej) is the lower house of the Polish parliament.

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Signatories of the Act of Independence of Lithuania

The signatories of the Act of Independence of Lithuania were the twenty Lithuanian men who signed the Act of Independence of Lithuania on February 16, 1918.

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Silva rerum

Silva rerum (from Latin silva rerum — forest of things; plural: silvae rerum), polonized sylwa or and sometimes described as a home chronicle was a specific type of a book, a multi-generational chronicle, kept by many Polish and Lithuanian noble families from the 16th through 18th centuries.

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Slavery in Lithuania

Slavery in Lithuania existed on the territory of Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

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Sophia of Halshany

Sophia of Halshany or Sonka Olshanskaya (translit; Sofija Alšėniškė; Zofia Holszańska; – September 21, 1461 in Kraków) was a Grand Duchy of Lithuania princess of Halshany.

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Sophia Olelkovich Radziwill

Sophia Olelkovich Radziwill (Saint Sophia of Slutsk, Princess Sophia of Slutsk; May 1, 1585 – March 19, 1612) was a Lithuanian Ortodox saint.

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Sophie de Choiseul-Gouffier

Sophie de Choiseul-Gouffier (Sofija Tyzenhauzaitė de Šuazel-Gufjė; 1790 – 28 May 1878) was a Lithuanian novelist.

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Stanisław Narutowicz

Stanisław Narutowicz (Stanislovas Narutavičius) (2 September 1862, Brewiki, Kovno Governorate – 31 December 1932, Kaunas, Lithuania) was a lawyer and politician, one of the twenty signatories of the Act of Independence of Lithuania and brother to the first president of Poland Gabriel Narutowicz.

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Stanislav Czupurna

Stanislav Czupurna (died in 1411; Stanislovas Čiupurna) was a Lithuanian noble, Court (1395–1407) and Grand Marshal of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (1407–1411).

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Stanislovas Goštautas

Stanislovas Goštautas (also called Stanisław Gasztołd or Gasztołt of Abdank in Polish) (ca. 1507 in Vilnius – 1542) was a notable member of the Lithuanian nobility and a high-ranking member of the Lithuanian administration.

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Stanislovas Kęsgaila

Stanislovas Kęsgaila Jonaitis (Stanisław Janowicz Kieżgajło; died 1527) was a Lithuanian nobleman, son of Jonas Kęsgaila from the Kęsgailos family.

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Stanislovas Kęsgaila (died 1532)

Stanislovas Kęstgaila (1503–1532) was a Lithuanian nobleman, son of Stanislovas Kęsgaila from the Kęsgailos family.

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Stanislovas Rapolionis

Stanislovas Svetkus Rapolionis (Stanislaus Rapagel(l)anus, Stanislaus Lituanus, Stanisław Rafajłowicz; – May 13, 1545) was a Lutheran activist and Protestant reformer from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

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Statutes of Lithuania

The Statutes of Lithuania, originally known as the Statutes of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania were a 16th-century codification of all the legislation of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and its successor, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

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Stefan Pac

Stefan Pac (c. 1587–1640) was a Polish-Lithuanian nobleman, politician and magnate.

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Szlachta

The szlachta (exonym: Nobility) was a legally privileged noble class in the Kingdom of Poland, Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Ruthenia, Samogitia (both after Union of Lublin became a single state, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth) and the Zaporozhian Host.

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Szlachta privileges

The privileges of the szlachta (Poland's nobility) formed a cornerstone of "Golden Liberty" in the Kingdom of Poland and, later, in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

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Tadas Blinda. Pradžia

Tadas Blinda: The Beginning (Lithuanian: Tadas Blinda. Pradžia) is a 2011 Lithuanian adventure film, directed by Donatas Ulvydas, based on the 1987 Rimantas Šavelis novel Tadas Blinda and on the legendary history of the 19th-century outlaw Tadas Blinda.

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Tadas Ivanauskas

Tadas Ivanauskas (December 16, 1882 – June 1, 1970) was a prominent Lithuanian zoologist and biologist, and one of the founders of Vytautas Magnus University.

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Title

A title is a prefix or suffix added to someone's name in certain contexts.

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Treaty of Christmemel

The Treaty of Christmemel (Skirsnemunės sutartis) was a treaty signed on 19 June 1431 between Paul von Rusdorf, Grand Master the Teutonic Knights, and Švitrigaila, Grand Duke of Lithuania.

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Treaty of Salynas

Treaty of Salynas (Frieden von Sallinwerder, Salyno sutartis) was a peace treaty signed on 12 October 1398 by the Grand Duke of Lithuania Vytautas the Great and the Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights Konrad von Jungingen.

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Union of Grodno (1432)

The Union of Grodno was a series of acts of the Polish–Lithuanian union between Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

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Union of Horodło

The Union of Horodło or Pact of Horodło was a set of three acts signed in the town of Horodło on 2 October 1413.

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Union of Kėdainiai

Union of Kėdainiai (or Agreement of Kėdainiai, Polish: Umowa Kiejdańska) was an agreement between several magnates of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the king of the Swedish Empire, Charles X Gustav.

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Union of Kraków and Vilna

The Union of Kraków and Vilna also known as Union of Vilnius was one of the agreements of the Polish–Lithuanian union.

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Union of Krewo

In a strict sense, the Union of Krewo or "Act of Krėva" (also spelled "Union of Krevo", "Act of Kreva"; Krėvos sutartis) was a set of prenuptial promises made in the Kreva Castle on 14 August 1385 by Jogaila, Grand Duke of Lithuania, in exchange for marriage to the underage reigning Queen Jadwiga of Poland.

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Union of Mielnik

The Act of Mielnik or Union of Mielnik was an attempt to unite the Kingdom of Poland with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1501.

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Vaišvilas

Vaišvilas (Polish: Wojszwił) (14th century) was a Lithuanian noble and sometimes is considered as one of the sons of Kęstutis, Grand Duke of Lithuania.

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Veldamas

Veldamas (plural: veldamai) was a form of landownership in the early stages of Lithuanian serfdom.

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Viktoras Biržiška

Viktoras Biržiška (February 23, 1886, Viekšniai - 27 January 1964 Chicago) was a Lithuanian mathematician, engineer, journalist, and encyclopedist of noble extraction.

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Vilnius

Vilnius (see also other names) is the capital of Lithuania and its largest city, with a population of 574,221.

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Vilnius University

Vilnius University (Vilniaus universitetas; former names exist) is the oldest university in the Baltic states and one of the oldest in Northern Europe.

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Vincentas Jakševičius

Vincentas Jakševičius (in Naujamiestis district, Russian Empire – July 19, 1936 in Kaišiadorys, Lithuania) was a Lithuanian sculptor specializing in church interiors.

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Volok Reform

The Volok Reform (Valakų reforma, Валочная памера) was a 16th-century land reform in parts of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (Lithuania proper, Duchy of Samogitia and parts of White Ruthenia).

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Wasyl Ciapiński

Wasyl Ciapiński (Vasily Ciapinski (Васіль Мікалаевіч Цяпінскі-Амельяновіч); Wasyl Ciapiński, Omelianowicz; Vasily Tyapinski) (1540s in Vitebsk Voivodeship – c. 1604) was a Belarusian-Lithuanian noble, humanist, educator, writer, publisher and translator from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania known for translating the Bible into the Belarusian language.

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Władysław II Jagiełło

Jogaila (later Władysław II JagiełłoHe is known under a number of names: Jogaila Algirdaitis; Władysław II Jagiełło; Jahajła (Ягайла). See also: Names and titles of Władysław II Jagiełło. (c. 1352/1362 – 1 June 1434) was the Grand Duke of Lithuania (1377–1434) and then the King of Poland (1386–1434), first alongside his wife Jadwiga until 1399, and then sole King of Poland. He ruled in Lithuania from 1377. Born a pagan, in 1386 he converted to Catholicism and was baptized as Władysław in Kraków, married the young Queen Jadwiga, and was crowned King of Poland as Władysław II Jagiełło. In 1387 he converted Lithuania to Christianity. His own reign in Poland started in 1399, upon the death of Queen Jadwiga, and lasted a further thirty-five years and laid the foundation for the centuries-long Polish–Lithuanian union. He was a member of the Jagiellonian dynasty in Poland that bears his name and was previously also known as the Gediminid dynasty in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The dynasty ruled both states until 1572,Anna Jagiellon, the last member of royal Jagiellon family, died in 1596. and became one of the most influential dynasties in late medieval and early modern Central and Eastern Europe. During his reign, the Polish-Lithuanian state was the largest state in the Christian world. Jogaila was the last pagan ruler of medieval Lithuania. After he became King of Poland, as a result of the Union of Krewo, the newly formed Polish-Lithuanian union confronted the growing power of the Teutonic Knights. The allied victory at the Battle of Grunwald in 1410, followed by the Peace of Thorn, secured the Polish and Lithuanian borders and marked the emergence of the Polish–Lithuanian alliance as a significant force in Europe. The reign of Władysław II Jagiełło extended Polish frontiers and is often considered the beginning of Poland's Golden Age.

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Wiśniowiecki

Wiśniowiecki (Вишневе́цькі, Vyshnevetski; Višnioveckiai) was a Polish princely family of Ruthenian-Lithuanian origin, notable in the history of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

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Yurii Chodkiewicz

Knyaz Yurii Chodkiewicz (1515–1569) was Bielsk starost in 1556, Puńsk starost in 1568, Great Master of the Pantry of Lithuania in 1554, Grand Krajczy of Lithuania in 1555, and Trakai castellan in 1566.

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1528 census of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania

The census of 1528 was the first census carried out in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

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Bajorai, Bajoras, Kunigaikshtis, Kunigaikstis, Kunigaikštis, Lithuanian gentry, Lithuanian noble, Lithuanian noble family, Lithuanian nobleman, Lithuanian nobles, Nobility in Lithuania, Nobility of Lithuania, Samogitian noble, Samogitian noble family.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuanian_nobility

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