Communication

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A Vote for the King of the Romans

A Vote for the King of the Romans (Hlas pro římského krále) is a 2016 Czech historical television film directed by Václav Křístek.

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Aš

Aš (Asch) is a town of Cheb District in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic.

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Adolf IX of Berg

Adolf IX of Berg (also referred to as Adolf VI) (c. 1280 – 3 April 1348) was the eldest son of Henry of Berg, Lord of Windeck and Agnes of the Mark.

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Adolf, Count Palatine of the Rhine

Adolf of the Rhine (Adolf der Redliche von der Pfalz) (27 September 1300, Wolfratshausen – 29 January 1327, Neustadt) from the house of Wittelsbach was formally Count Palatine of the Rhine in 1319–1327.

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Agnes of Bavaria (nun)

Agnes of Bavaria (1335 – 11 November 1352) was a Bavarian nun from Munich and a member of the House of Wittelsbach.

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Agnes of Burgundy, Duchess of Bourbon

Agnes of Burgundy (1407 – 1 December 1476), duchess of Bourbon (Bourbonnais) and Auvergne, countess of Clermont, was the daughter of John the Fearless (1371–1419) and Margaret of Bavaria.

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Agnes of Hohenstaufen

Agnes of Hohenstaufen (1176 – 7 or 9 May 1204) was the daughter and heiress of the Hohenstaufen count palatine Conrad of the Rhine.

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Albert I, Duke of Bavaria

Albert I, Duke of Bavaria (Albrecht; 25 July 1336, Munich – 13 December 1404, The Hague) KG, was a feudal ruler of the counties of Holland, Hainaut, and Zeeland in the Low Countries.

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Albert II of Brunswick-Lüneburg

Albert II of Brunswick-Lüneburg (–1358), a member of the House of Welf, was Prince-Bishop of Halberstadt from 1325 until his death.

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Albert II of Germany

Albert the Magnanimous KG (10 August 139727 October 1439) was King of Hungary and Croatia from 1437 until his death and member of the House of Habsburg.

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Albert II, Duke of Austria

Albert II (12 December 1298 – 16 August 1358), known as the Wise or the Lame, a member of the House of Habsburg, was Duke of Austria and Styria from 1330, as well as Duke of Carinthia from 1335 until his death.

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Albert II, Duke of Bavaria

Duke Albert II or Albrecht (1368 – January 21, 1397, Kelheim) was a feudal co-regent, with his father Albert I, Duke of Bavaria, in the counties of Holland, Hainaut, and Zeeland in the Low Countries.

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Albert II, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst

Albert II, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (died 17 July 1362) was a German prince of the House of Ascania and ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Zerbst.

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Albert III, Duke of Bavaria

Albert III the Pious of Bavaria-Munich (27 March 1401 – 29 February 1460), since 1438 Duke of Bavaria-Munich.

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Albert IV, Duke of Austria

Albert IV of Austria (19 September 1377 – 14 September 1404) was a Duke of Austria.

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Albert of Schwarzburg

Albert of Schwarzburg (died 15 March 1327), in contemporary sources also Albertus Alamanus ("Albert the German") or Albertus de Nigro Castro, was a member of the Saxon–Thuringian House of Schwarzburg who became a member of the Knights Hospitaller, rising to be marshal and grand preceptor of the Order, and fighting with success against the Turks.

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Albrecht III Achilles, Elector of Brandenburg

Albert III (Albrecht III.) (9 November 141411 March 1486) was Elector of Brandenburg from 1471 until his death, the third from the House of Hohenzollern.

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Aldona of Lithuania

Aldona (baptized Ona or Anna; her pagan name, Aldona, is known only from the writings of Maciej Stryjkowski; – 26 May 1339) was Queen consort of Poland (1333–1339), and a princess of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

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Alexander of San Elpidio

Alexander of San Elpidio (1269–1326) was an Italian Augustinian.

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Alter Hof

The Alter Hof (Old Court) in the center of Munich is the former imperial residence of Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor and consists of five wings: Burgstock, Zwingerstock, Lorenzistock, Pfisterstock and Brunnenstock.

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Altstadt-Lehel

Altstadt and Lehel are districts of the German city of Munich.

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Ampfing

Ampfing is a municipality in the district of Mühldorf in Bavaria in Germany.

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Anna of Glogau

Anna of Glogau (1250/52 – 25 June 1271) was the eldest child of Konrad I, Duke of Silesia-Glogau and his first wife Salome of Greater Poland.

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Anne of Austria, Duchess of Bavaria

Anna of Austria (1318–1343) was the youngest daughter of Frederick the Fair, of Austria and his wife, Isabella of Aragon.

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Anne of Austria, Landgravine of Thuringia

Anne of Bohemia and Austria (12 April 1432 – 13 November 1462) was a Duchess of Luxembourg in her own right, and as consort, Landgravine of Thuringia and of Saxony.

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Anne of Bohemia, Duchess of Austria

Anne of Bohemia (27 March 1323 – 3 September 1338), also known as Anna of Luxembourg, was a daughter of John of Bohemia and his first wife, Elizabeth of Bohemia.

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Anne of Burgundy

Anne of Burgundy, Duchess of Bedford (Anne de Bourgogne) (30 September 1404 – 14 November 1432) was a daughter of John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy (1371–1419) and his wife Margaret of Bavaria (1363–1423).

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Anti-king

An anti-king, anti king or antiking (Gegenkönig, antiroi, protikrál) is a would-be king who, due to succession disputes or simple political opposition, declares himself king in opposition to a reigning monarch.

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Antipope

An antipope (antipapa) is a person who, in opposition to the one who is generally seen as the legitimately elected Pope, makes a significantly accepted competing claim to be the Pope, the Bishop of Rome and leader of the Catholic Church.

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Antipope Nicholas V

Nicholas V, born Pietro Rainalducci (c. 125816 October 1333) was an antipope in Italy from 12 May 1328 to 25 July 1330 during the pontificate of Pope John XXII (1316–34) at Avignon.

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Apostolic poverty

Apostolic poverty is a Christian doctrine professed in the thirteenth century by the newly formed religious orders, known as the mendicant orders, in direct response to calls for reform in the Roman Catholic Church.

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April 1

No description.

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Arnstein

Arnstein is a town in the Main-Spessart district in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) in Bavaria, Germany.

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Avesnes family

The Avesnes family played an important role during the Middle Ages.

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Avignon Papacy

The Avignon Papacy was the period from 1309 to 1376 during which seven successive popes resided in Avignon (then in the Kingdom of Arles, part of the Holy Roman Empire, now in France) rather than in Rome.

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Azzone Visconti

Azzone Visconti (7 December 1302 – 16 August 1339) was lord of Milan from 1329 until his death.

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Öllingen

Öllingen is a municipality in the district of Alb-Donau in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

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Świecie, Lower Silesian Voivodeship

Świecie (Schwerta) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Leśna, within Lubań County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland, near the border with the Czech Republic.

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Bacharach

Bacharach (also known as Bacharach am Rhein) is a town in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Bad Cannstatt

Bad Cannstatt, formerly just "Cannstatt" or "Kannstadt" (until 1900), is one of the outer stadtbezirke, or city districts, of Stuttgart in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

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Bad Homburg vor der Höhe

Bad Homburg vor der Höhe is the district town of the Hochtaunuskreis, Hesse, Germany, on the southern slope of the Taunus, bordering among others Frankfurt am Main and Oberursel.

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Bad Kreuznach

Bad Kreuznach is a town in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Bad Sobernheim

Bad Sobernheim is a town in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Bad Soden-Salmünster

Bad Soden-Salmünster is a town in the Main-Kinzig district, in Hesse, Germany.

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Bad Tölz

Bad Tölz is a town in Bavaria, Germany and the administrative center of the district of Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen.

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Baldwin of Luxembourg

Baldwin of Luxembourg (c. 1285 – 21 January 1354) was the Archbishop-Elector of Trier and Archchancellor of Burgundy from 1307 to his death.

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Balthasar, Landgrave of Thuringia

Landgrave Balthasar of Thuringia (21 December 1336 in Weißenfels – 18 May 1406 at the Wartburg in Eisenach) was Margrave of Meissen and Landgrave of Thuringia from the House of Wettin.

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Barnim VII, Duke of Pomerania

Barnim VII (1390 – 22 September 1450, Wolgast) was the son of Duke Barnim VI, Duke of Pomerania.

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Basilica of St. Castor

The Basilica of St.

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Battle of Altopascio

The Battle of Altopascio was a battle fought in 1325 in Tuscany, between the Ghibelline forces of Lucca under Castruccio Castracani and those of Guelph Florence.

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Battle of Gammelsdorf

The Battle of Gammelsdorf (Schlacht von Gammelsdorf) circled around the question of who would execute tutelage over the minor children of the late Lower Bavarian Dukes, thus also commanding the tremendous economic power of that region.

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Battle of Mühldorf

The Battle of Mühldorf (also Battle of Ampfing) was fought near Mühldorf am Inn on September 28, 1322 between the Duchy of (Upper) Bavaria and Austria.

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Battle of Morgarten

The Battle of Morgarten occurred on 15 November 1315, when a 1,500-strong force from the Swiss Confederacy ambushed a group of Habsburg soldiers on the shores of Lake Ägeri near the Morgarten Pass in Switzerland.

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Battle of Zappolino

The Battle of Zappolino (also known as the War of the Oaken Bucket) was fought in November 1325 between forces representing the Italian towns of Bologna and Modena, an incident in the series of raids and reprisals between the two cities that were part of the larger conflicts of Guelphs and Ghibellines.

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Baunach

Baunach is a town in the Upper Franconian district of Bamberg and the seat of the administrative community (Verwaltungsgemeinschaft) of Baunach.

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Bavaria

Bavaria (Bavarian and Bayern), officially the Free State of Bavaria (Freistaat Bayern), is a landlocked federal state of Germany, occupying its southeastern corner.

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Bavaria-Landshut

Bavaria-Landshut (Bayern-Landshut) was a duchy in the Holy Roman Empire from 1353 to 1503.

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Bavaria-Straubing

Bavaria-Straubing denotes the widely scattered territorial inheritance in the Wittelsbach house of Bavaria that were governed by independent dukes of Bavaria-Straubing between 1353 and 1432; a map (illustration) of these marches and outliers of the Holy Roman Empire, vividly demonstrates the fractionalisation of lands where primogeniture did not obtain.

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Bavarian Circle

The Bavarian Circle (Bayerischer Reichskreis) was an Imperial Circle of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Bayernburg

Bayernburg (German for "Bavarian Castle"; Bajenburgas) is the name of three separate wooden castles of the Teutonic Order in different locations along the Neman River in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania during the Lithuanian Crusade.

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Büdingen

Büdingen is a town in the Wetteraukreis, in Hesse, Germany.

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Beatrice of Bavaria

Beatrice of Bavaria (1344 – 25 December 1359); Swedish: Beatrix; was Queen of Sweden by marriage to King Eric XII, who co-ruled with his father, King Magnus IV.

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Beatrice of Brandenburg

Beatrice of Brandenburg (Beatrycze Brandenburska, Beatrix von Brandenburg; c. 1270 – before 26 April 1316), was a German princess and a member of the House of Ascania in the Brandenburg branch.

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Beatrice of Nuremberg

Beatrix of Nuremberg (Nuremberg – 10 June 1414, Perchtoldsdorf) was a daughter of Frederick V, Burgrave of Nuremberg and his wife Elisabeth of Meissen.

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Beatrice of Silesia

Beatrice of Silesia (also known as Beatrice of Świdnica; Beatrycze świdnicka, Beatrix von Schweidnitz; 1290 – 25 August 1320) was a Polish princess member of the House of Piast in the Silesian branch of Jawor-Świdnica and by marriage Duchess of Bavaria and German Queen.

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Bernard d’Albi

Bernard d'Albi, was born at Saverdun in the diocese of Pamiers in the Pyrenees foothills, south of Toulouse, and died on 23 November 1350 at Avignon.

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Bernard of Świdnica

Bernard (II) of Świdnica (Bernard Świdnicki) (c. 1291 – 6 May 1326) was a Duke of Jawor-Lwówek-Świdnica-Ziębice during 1301–1312 (with his brothers as co-rulers), of Świdnica-Ziębice during 1312–1322 (with his brother as co-ruler), and sole Duke of Świdnica since 1322 until his death.

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Bernhard von Neher

Karl Josef Bernhard von Neher (16 January 1806, Biberach an der Riß - 17 January 1886, Stuttgart) was a German painter.

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Bernkastel-Kues

Bernkastel-Kues is a well-known winegrowing centre on the Middle Moselle in the Bernkastel-Wittlich district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Berthold VII, Count of Henneberg-Schleusingen

Berthold VII, Count of Henneberg-Schleusingen (nicknamed the Wise, born: 1272 in Schleusingen; died: 13 April 1340, Schleusingen) was Count of Henneberg- Schleusingen from 1284 to 1340.

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Bertrand de Déaulx

Bertrand de Déaulx (or Deaulx, or Deux; Lat. Bertrandus de Deucio) was a French bishop, diplomat and Cardinal.

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Birkenfeld

Birkenfeld is a town and the district seat of the Birkenfeld district in southwest Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Bishopric of Trent

The Prince-Bishopric of Trent or Bishopric of Trent for short is a former ecclesiastical principality roughly corresponding to the present-day Northern Italian autonomous province of Trentino.

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Bohemian Palatinate

The Bohemian Palatinate (Česká Falc, Böhmische Oberpfalz), since the 19th century also called New Bohemia (Nové Čechy, Neuböhmen), is a historical area in the northeast of present-day Bavaria (Germany), which from 1353 onwards was incorporated into the Crown of Bohemia by Emperor Charles IV.

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Bolesław III the Generous

Boleslaw III the Wasteful (Bolesław III Rozrzutny; 23 September 1291 – Brieg, 21 April 1352), was a Duke of Legnica, Brzeg (Brieg) from 1296 until 1342, and Duke of Wrocław from 1296 until 1311.

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Bolko I the Strict

Bolko I the Strict also known as the Raw or of Jawor (Bolko I Surowy or Srogi or Jaworski; 1252/56 – 9 November 1301), was a Duke of Lwówek (Löwenberg) during 1278–81 (with his brother as co-ruler) and Jawor (Jauer) since 1278 (with his brother as co-ruler until 1281), sole Duke of Lwówek since 1286, Duke of Świdnica-Ziębice since 1291.

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Bolko II the Small

Bolko II the Small (Bolko II Mały (Świdnicki), Bolko II (Schweidnitz); c. 1312 – 28 July 1368), was the last independent Duke of the Piast dynasty in Silesia.

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Brandenburg–Pomeranian conflict

Starting in the 12th century, the Margraviate, later Electorate, of Brandenburg was in conflict with the neighboring Duchy of Pomerania over frontier territories claimed by them both, and over the status of the Pomeranian duchy, which Brandenburg claimed as a fief, whereas Pomerania claimed Imperial immediacy.

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Brenz an der Brenz

Brenz an der Brenz is a borough of the village of Sontheim in the Heidenheim District of Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

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Brenz Castle

Brenz Castle is Renaissance castle located in the Brenz an der Brenz borough of Sontheim in Heidenheim district of Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

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Brouwershaven

Brouwershaven is a small city on the Grevelingen in the Dutch province of Zeeland.

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Buch, Rhein-Hunsrück

Buch is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Bundesstraße 23

Bundesstraße 23 (abbreviated to B 23) is a German federal highway (German: Bundesstraße) in Bavaria that runs from Peiting to the Austrian border near Garmisch-Partenkirchen.

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Burghausen, Altötting

Burghausen (Central Bavarian: Burghausn) is the largest town in the Altötting district of Upper Bavaria in Germany.

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Burglengenfeld

Burglengenfeld is a town in the district of Schwandorf, in Bavaria, Germany.

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Burgsinn

Burgsinn is a market community in the Main-Spessart district in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) in Bavaria, Germany and the seat of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft (municipal association) of Burgsinn.

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Burial sites of European monarchs and consorts

This list contains all European emperors, kings and regent princes and their consorts as well as well-known crown princes since the Middle Ages, whereas the lists are starting with either the beginning of the monarchy or with a change of the dynasty (e.g. England with the Norman king William the Conqueror, Spain with the unification of Castile and Aragon, Sweden with the Vasa dynasty, etc.). In addition, it contains the still-existing principalities of Monaco and Liechtenstein and the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg.

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Bust of Charlemagne

The Bust of Charlemagne (de: Karlsbüste) is a reliquary in the form of the bust of Charlemagne made around 1350, which contains the king's skullcap.

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Cangrande I della Scala

Cangrande (christened Can Francesco) della Scala (9 March 1291 – 22 July 1329) was an Italian nobleman, belonging to the della Scala family which ruled Verona from 1308 until 1387.

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Cangrande II della Scala

Cangrande II della Scala (8 June 1332 – 14 December 1359) was Lord of Verona from 1351 until his death.

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Canton of Bern

The canton of Bern (Bern, canton de Berne) is the second largest of the 26 Swiss cantons by both surface area and population.

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Canton of Obwalden

The canton of Obwalden, also canton of Obwald (ˈɔbˌvaldən) is a canton of Switzerland.

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Casimir III the Great

Casimir III the Great (Kazimierz III Wielki; 30 April 1310 – 5 November 1370) reigned as the King of Poland from 1333 to 1370.

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Castles of Manderscheid

Near the Eifel town of Manderscheid are the ruins of two castles, the castles of Manderschied, whose history and location reflect the mediaeval conflict of interest between the Electorate of Trier and the Duchy of Luxembourg.

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Castruccio Castracani

Castruccio Castracani degli Antelminelli (1281 – 3 September 1328) was an Italian condottiero and duke of Lucca.

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Catherine of Valois

Catherine of Valois (27 October 1401 – 3 January 1437) was the queen consort of England from 1420 until 1422.

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Charles I of Hungary

Charles I, also known as Charles Robert (Károly Róbert; Karlo Robert; Karol Róbert; 128816 July 1342) was King of Hungary and Croatia from 1308 to his death.

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Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor

Charles IV (Karel IV., Karl IV., Carolus IV; 14 May 1316 – 29 November 1378Karl IV. In: (1960): Geschichte in Gestalten (History in figures), vol. 2: F-K. 38, Frankfurt 1963, p. 294), born Wenceslaus, was a King of Bohemia and the first King of Bohemia to also become Holy Roman Emperor.

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Charles the Bold

Charles the Bold (also translated as Charles the Reckless).

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Charles VII of France

Charles VII (22 February 1403 – 22 July 1461), called the Victorious (le Victorieux)Charles VII, King of France, Encyclopedia of the Hundred Years War, ed.

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Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor

Charles VII (7 April 1697 – 20 January 1745) was the Prince-elector of Bavaria from 1726 and Holy Roman Emperor from 24 January 1742 until his death in 1745.

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Charles, Duke of Calabria

Charles, Duke of Calabria (1298 – 9 November 1328) was the son of King Robert of Naples and Yolanda of Aragon.

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Château de Kintzheim

The Château de Kintzheim is a castle in the commune of Kintzheim in the Bas-Rhin département of France dating from the 12th century.

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Christina Ebner

Sister Christina Ebner, O.P., (also Christine), (26 March 1277 – 27 December 1356) was a German Dominican nun, writer and mystic.

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Cisterna di Latina

Cisterna di Latina is a town and comune in the province of Latina in Lazio, of central Italy.

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Coats of arms of the Holy Roman Empire

Over its long history, the Holy Roman Empire used many different heraldic forms, representing its numerous internal divisions.

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Cola di Rienzo

Cola di Rienzo (or de Rienzi; or) (c. 1313 – 8 October 1354) was an Italian medieval politician and popular leader, tribune of the Roman people in the mid-14th century.

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Colonna family

The Colonna family, also known as Sciarrillo or Sciarra, is an Italian noble family.

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Coregency

A coregency or co-principality is the situation where a monarchical position (such as king, queen, emperor or empress), normally held by only a single person, is held by two or more.

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Coronation of the Holy Roman Emperor

The Coronation of the Holy Roman Emperor was a ceremony in which the ruler of Europe's then-largest political entity received the Imperial Regalia at the hands of the Pope, symbolizing both the pope's alleged right to crown Christian sovereigns and also the emperor's role as protector of the Roman Catholic Church.

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Count of Hainaut

The Count of Hainaut was the ruler of the county of Hainaut, a historical region in the Low Countries (including the modern countries of Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg and parts of northern France and western Germany).

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Count of Holland

The Counts of Holland ruled over the County of Holland in the Low Countries between the 10th and the 16th century.

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Count-kings

Count-kings (Grafenkönige) was a description given by the historian Bernd Schneidmüller to the rulers of the Holy Roman Empire between the Great Interregnum and the final acquisition of the royal throne by the Habsburg dynasty in 1438.

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Countess of the Palatinate

The Countess of the Palatinate was the consort of the Count of the Palatinate, one of the Empire's greatest princes.

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Counts of Celje

The Counts of Celje (Celjski grofje) or the Counts of Cilli (Grafen von Cilli; cillei grófok) were the most influential late medieval noble dynasty on the territory of present-day Slovenia.

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Counts of Hainaut family tree

This is a family tree of the Counts of Hainaut, sometimes spelled though not pronounced Hainault from 1055 to 1432, when the County of Hainaut and the County of Holland are incorporated in the estates of the Duchy of Burgundy, following the end of the Hook and Cod wars.

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County of Rieneck

The County of Rieneck was a comital domain within the Holy Roman Empire that lay in what is now northwestern Bavaria (in the west of Lower Franconia).

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County of Sponheim

The County of Sponheim (Grafschaft Sponheim, former spelling: Spanheim, Spanheym) was an independent territory in the Holy Roman Empire that lasted from the 11th century until the early 19th century.

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County Palatine of Tübingen

The County Palatine of Tübingen was a state of the Holy Roman Empire in the medieval period.

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Cremona

Cremona is a city and comune in northern Italy, situated in Lombardy, on the left bank of the Po River in the middle of the Pianura Padana (Po Valley).

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Darmstadt

Darmstadt is a city in the state of Hesse in Germany, located in the southern part of the Rhine-Main-Area (Frankfurt Metropolitan Region).

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Declaration of Rhense

The Declaration of Rhens or Treaty of Rhens (Kurverein) was a decree or Kurverein of the Prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire issued in 1338 and initiated by Baldwin of Luxembourg, the Archbishop of Trier and brother of the late Emperor Henry VII.

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Defensor pacis

The tract Defensor pacis (The Defender of Peace) laid the foundations of modern doctrines of sovereignty.

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Diet of Metz (1356/57)

The Diet of Metz (Metzer Hoftag) was an Imperial Diet of the Holy Roman Empire held in the imperial city of Metz from 17 November 1356 to 7 January 1357, with Emperor Charles IV presiding.

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Dietrich von Altenburg

Dietrich von Altenburg was the 19th Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights, serving from 1335 to 1341.

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Diez, Germany

Diez an der Lahn is a town in Germany's Rhein-Lahn district in Rhineland-Palatinate, on the borders of Hesse.

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Diocese of Aleria

The Diocese of Aleria (Latin Dioecesis Aleriensis) was a Roman Catholic diocese of the Latin rite, in the center of the eastern coast of the island of Corsica in the Department of Haute-Corse.

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Dionigi di Borgo San Sepolcro

Dionigi di Borgo San Sepolcro OESA (Roberti of Roberti, Dennis) (c. 1300 – 31 March 1342) was an Augustinian monk who was at one time Petrarch's confessor, and who taught Boccaccio at the beginning of his education in the humanities.

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Dominican Monastery (Frankfurt am Main)

The Dominican Monastery (Dominikanerkloster) is a former Christian monastery in Frankfurt am Main.

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Državni posao

Državni posao (English: The State Job) is a Serbian television comedy show starring Dimitrije Banjac, Nikola Škorić and Dejan Ćirjaković.

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Duchy of Bavaria

The Duchy of Bavaria (German: Herzogtum Bayern) was, from the sixth through the eighth century, a frontier region in the southeastern part of the Merovingian kingdom.

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Duchy of Carinthia

The Duchy of Carinthia (Herzogtum Kärnten; Vojvodina Koroška) was a duchy located in southern Austria and parts of northern Slovenia.

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Duchy of Carniola

The Duchy of Carniola (Vojvodina Kranjska, Herzogtum Krain, Krajna) was a State of the Holy Roman Empire, established under Habsburg rule on the territory of the former East Frankish March of Carniola in 1364.

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Duchy of Jülich

The Duchy of Jülich (Herzogtum Jülich; Hertogdom Gulik; Duché de Juliers) comprised a state within the Holy Roman Empire from the 11th to the 18th centuries.

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Duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg

The Duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg was a medieval duchy of the Holy Roman Empire centered at Wittenberg, which emerged after the dissolution of the stem duchy of Saxony.

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Eberhard I, Count of Württemberg

Eberhard I (13 March 1265, Stuttgart - 5 June 1325, Stuttgart) was Count of Württemberg from 1279 until his death.

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Eberhard II, Count of Württemberg

Eberhard II, called "der Greiner" (the Jarrer) (after 1315 – 15 March 1392, Stuttgart), Count of Württemberg from 1344 until 1392.

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Eberhard III, Count of Württemberg

Eberhard III of Württemberg (called der Milde (the Clement) (1364 – 16 May 1417, Göppingen), ruled from 1392 to 1417 as the Count of Württemberg, then a part of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Ebermannstadt

Ebermannstadt is a town in the district of Forchheim, in Bavaria, Germany.

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Edward III of England

Edward III (13 November 1312 – 21 June 1377) was King of England and Lord of Ireland from January 1327 until his death; he is noted for his military success and for restoring royal authority after the disastrous and unorthodox reign of his father, Edward II.

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Egerland

The Egerland (Chebsko; Egerland; Egerland German dialect: Eghalånd) is a historical region in the far north west of Bohemia in the Czech Republic at the border with Germany.

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Eichendorf

Eichendorf (Oachadoaf) is a municipality in the district of Dingolfing-Landau in Bavaria in Germany.

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Eisbach (Rhine)

The Eisbach, locally known as die Eis, is a long river and left or western tributary of the Rhine in the northeastern Palatinate and southeastern Rhenish Hesse, in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate.

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Electoral Palatinate

The County Palatine of the Rhine (Pfalzgrafschaft bei Rhein), later the Electorate of the Palatinate (Kurfürstentum von der Pfalz) or simply Electoral Palatinate (Kurpfalz), was a territory in the Holy Roman Empire (specifically, a palatinate) administered by the Count Palatine of the Rhine.

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Electorate of Saxony

The Electorate of Saxony (Kurfürstentum Sachsen, also Kursachsen) was a state of the Holy Roman Empire established when Emperor Charles IV raised the Ascanian duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg to the status of an Electorate by the Golden Bull of 1356.

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Elisabeth of Meissen

Elisabeth of Meissen, Burgravine of Nuremberg (22 November 1329 – 21 April 1375) was the daughter of Frederick II, Margrave of Meissen and Mathilde of Bavaria and a member of the House of Wettin.

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Elisabeth of Nuremberg

Elisabeth of Nuremberg (1358 – 26 July 1411) was the daughter of Frederick V, Burgrave of Nuremberg and Elisabeth of Meissen.

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Elisabeth of Sicily, Duchess of Bavaria

Elisabeth of Sicily (1310–1349) was a daughter of Frederick III of Sicily and Eleanor of Anjou.

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Elizabeth of Austria (1436–1505)

Elizabeth of Austria (Elisabeth, Elżbieta Rakuszanka; Elžbieta Habsburgaitė; c. 1436 – 30 August 1505) was the wife of King Casimir IV of PolandBrzezińska (1999), p. 190 and thus Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania.

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Elizabeth of Carinthia, Queen of Sicily

Elizabeth of Carinthia (1298–1352) was an influential queen and royal family member in the Kingdom of Sicily, who lived and ruled in a tumultuous time.

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Elizabeth Richeza of Poland

Elizabeth Richeza of Poland (Eliška-Rejčka; Ryksa-Elżbieta; 1 September 1288 – 19 October 1335), was a Polish princess member of the House of Piast and by her two marriages Queen consort of Bohemia, Poland and Duchess consort of Austria and Styria.

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Elmstein Castle

Elmstein Castle (Burg Elmstein) is a castle ruin built in the High Middle Ages overlooking Elmstein in the Palatinate Forest in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate.

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Eltmann

Eltmann is a town of 5500 inhabitants (in the Haßberge district of Lower Franconia, in Bavaria, Germany. It lies on the south bank of the Main river, west of Bamberg. It comprises the town proper, and its outlying districts, Dippach, Eschenbach, Limbach, Lembach, Roßstadt, and Weissbrunn, as well as an industrial district. Eltmann lies within the Naturpark Steigerwald. The German federal highway (Bundesstraße) 26 passes through town, and the German Main Valley Autobahn 70 has an interchange adjacent to town. Eltmann receives rail service from the German national railway system, Deutsche Bahn, at the Ebelsbach-Eltmann train station.

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Eltville

Eltville am Rhein (from Alta Villa, Latin for "high estate, high town", corrupted to Eldeville, Elfeld and later Eltville) is a town in the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis in the Regierungsbezirk of Darmstadt in Hesse, Germany.

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Eltz

The House of Eltz is a noted German noble family of the Uradel.

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Emicho I, Count of Nassau-Hadamar

Emicho I, Count of Nassau-Hadamar (also known as Emich, first mentioned in 1289, died on 7 June 1334), was the second son of Count Otto I of Nassau and his wife Agnes (d. 1303), the daughter of Count Emich IV of Leiningen-Landeck.

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Engelbert II of the Mark

Engelbert II of the Mark (1275 – July 18, 1328) was Count of the Mark and through marriage, Count of Arenberg.

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Epprechtstein

The Epprechtstein is a mountain in the northern Fichtel Mountains in northeast Bavaria,.

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Epprechtstein Castle

Epprechtstein Castle (Burg Epprechtstein) is a former hill castle on the mountain of the same name, the Epprechtstein, which rises above the village of Kirchenlamitz.

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Eric XII of Sweden

Eric "XII" (Swedish: Erik Magnusson; 1339 – 21 June 1359) was a rival king of Sweden of his father, Magnus IV, from 1356 to his death in 1359.

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Erkelenz

Erkelenz is a town in the Rhineland in western Germany that lies southwest of Mönchengladbach on the northern edge of the Cologne Lowland, halfway between the Lower Rhine region and the Lower Meuse.

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Ernest, Duke of Bavaria

Ernest of Bavaria-Munich (Ernst, Herzog von Bayern-München), (Munich, 1373 – 2 July 1438 in Munich), from 1397 Duke of Bavaria-Munich.

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Ettal Abbey

Ettal Abbey (Kloster Ettal) is a Benedictine monastery in the village of Ettal close to Oberammergau and Garmisch-Partenkirchen in Bavaria, Germany.

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Falkenburg Castle (Palatinate)

Falkenburg Castle is a castle ruin overlooking the village of Wilgartswiesen in the Palatinate Forest in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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False Waldemar

The False Waldemar, also known as the Wrong Woldemar († 1356 in Dessau) was an impostor who from 1348 to 1350 was invested with the Mark Brandenburg by Charles IV.

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Family of Gediminas

The family of Gediminas is a group of family members of Gediminas, Grand Duke of Lithuania (ca. 1275–1341), who interacted in the 14th century.

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Family tree of the German monarchs

The following image is a family tree of every king, monarch, confederation president and emperor of Germany, from Charlemagne in 800 over Louis the German in 843 through to Wilhelm II in 1918.

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Föckelberg

Föckelberg is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Fürstenfeld Abbey

Fürstenfeld Abbey (Kloster Fürstenfeld) is a former Cistercian monastery in Fürstenfeldbruck (formerly known simply as Bruck) in Bavaria, Germany.

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Ferdinand Freiherr von Miller

Ferdinand Miller, from 1875 von Miller and from 1912 Freiherr von Miller (8 June 1842 – 18 December 1929) was an ore caster, sculptor and director of the Academy of Fine Arts, Munich (Akademie der Bildenden Künste München).

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Fiscus Judaicus

The fiscus Iudaicus (Latin for "Jewish tax") or fiscus Judaicus was a tax-collecting agency instituted to collect the tax imposed on Jews in the Roman Empire after the destruction of Jerusalem and its Temple in AD 70.

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Fladungen

Fladungen is a town in the Rhön-Grabfeld district, in Bavaria, Germany.

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Francesco Dandolo

Monument to Doge Francesco Dandolo Francesco Dandolo (died 1339) was the 52nd Doge of Venice.

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Francesco II Ordelaffi

Francesco II Ordelaffi (c. 1300–1374), also known as Cecco II, was a lord of Forlì, the son of Sinibaldo Ordelaffi (died 1337, brother of Scarpetta and Francesco) and Orestina Calboli, and the grandson of Teobaldo I Ordelaffi.

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Franciscans

The Franciscans are a group of related mendicant religious orders within the Catholic Church, founded in 1209 by Saint Francis of Assisi.

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Frankfurter Judengasse

The Frankfurter Judengasse (from German: “Jews' Alley”) was the Jewish ghetto of Frankfurt and one of the earliest ghettos in Germany.

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Fraticelli

The Fraticelli ("Little Brethren") or Spiritual Franciscans were extreme proponents of the rule of Saint Francis of Assisi, especially with regard to poverty, and regarded the wealth of the Church as scandalous, and that of individual churchmen as invalidating their status.

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Frauenberg, Rhineland-Palatinate

Frauenberg is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Frederick I, Elector of Brandenburg

Frederick (Middle High German: Friderich, Standard German: Friedrich; 21 September 1371 – 20 September 1440) was the last Burgrave of Nuremberg from 1397 to 1427 (as Frederick VI), Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach from 1398, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach from 1420, and Elector of Brandenburg (as Frederick I) from 1415 until his death.

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Frederick I, Elector of Saxony

Frederick I, the Belligerent or the Warlike (Friedrich der Streitbare; 11 April 1370 – 4 January 1428), a member of the House of Wettin, ruled as Margrave of Meissen from 1407 and Elector of Saxony (as Frederick I) from 1423 until his death.

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Frederick II, Elector of Brandenburg

Frederick II of Brandenburg (19 November 1413 – 10 February 1471), nicknamed "the Iron" (der Eiserne) and sometimes "Irontooth" (Eisenzahn), was a Prince-elector of the Margraviate of Brandenburg from 1440 until his abdication in 1470, and was a member of the House of Hohenzollern.

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Frederick II, Elector of Saxony

Frederick II, The Gentle (Friedrich, der Sanftmütige; Frederick the Gentle) (22 August 1412 in Leipzig – 7 September 1464 in Leipzig) was Elector of Saxony (1428–1464) and was Landgrave of Thuringia (1440–1445).

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Frederick II, Margrave of Meissen

Frederick II, the Serious (30 November 1310 in Gotha – 18 November 1349 at the Wartburg), Margrave of Meissen, son of Frederick I, Margrave of Meissen and Elisabeth von Lobdeburg-Arnshaugk.

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Frederick III of Sicily

Frederick II (or III) (13 December 1272 – 25 June 1337) was the regent (from 1291) and subsequently King of Sicily from 1295 until his death.

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Frederick III, Landgrave of Thuringia

Frederick III, the Strict (14 December 1332, Dresden – 21 May 1381, Altenburg), Landgrave of Thuringia and Margrave of Meissen, was the son of Frederick II, Margrave of Meissen and Mathilde of Bavaria.

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Frederick IV, Burgrave of Nuremberg

Frederick IV of Nuremberg (1287–1332) from the House of Hohenzollern was Burgrave of Nuremberg from 1300 to 1332.

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Frederick IV, Duke of Lorraine

Frederick IV (Ferry) (15 April 1282 – 21 April 1329), called the Fighter, was the Duke of Lorraine from 1312 to his death.

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Frederick IV, Landgrave of Thuringia

Frederick IV (before 30 November 1384 – 7 May 1440), nicknamed the Peaceful (Friedrich der Friedfertige) or the Simple (der Einfältige), was a member of the House of Wettin and Margrave of Meissen who ruled as the last independent Landgrave of Thuringia from 1406 until his death.

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Frederick the Fair

Frederick the Handsome (Friedrich der Schöne) or the Fair (c. 1289 – 13 January 1330), from the House of Habsburg, was Duke of Austria and Styria from 1308 as Frederick I as well as King of Germany (King of the Romans) from 1314 (anti-king until 1325) as Frederick III until his death.

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Frederick VIII, Count of Zollern

Friedrich VIII, Count of Zollern, nicknamed Easter Sunday (d. 1333) was a Count of Hohenzollern.

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Frederick, Duke of Bavaria

Frederick (1339 – 4 December 1393) was Duke of Bavaria from 1375.

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Free Imperial City of Nuremberg

The Imperial City of Nuremberg (Reichsstadt Nürnberg) was a free imperial city — independent city-state — within the Holy Roman Empire.

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Freilassing

Freilassing, until 1923 Salzburghofen is a town of some 16,000 inhabitants in the southeastern corner of Bavaria, Germany.

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Friedrich Joseph, Count of Nauendorf

Friedrich Joseph of Nauendorf, a general in Habsburg service during the French Revolutionary Wars, was noted for his intrepid and daring raids.

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Friedrich von Weech

Friedrich von Weech (16 October 1837 - 17 November 1905) was a German historian and archivist.

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Frisian freedom

Friese freedom or freedom of the Frisians (West Frisian Fryske frijheid) was the absence of feudalism and serfdom in Frisia, the area that was originally inhabited by the Frisians.

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Friso-Hollandic Wars

The Friso-Hollandic Wars, also called Frisian-Hollandic Wars (Fries-Hollandse Oorlogen, West Frisian: Frysk-Hollânske oarloggen), were a series of short medieval wars (ranging from single battles to entire campaigns) consisting of the attempts made by the counts of Holland to conquer the free Frisian territories, which lay to the north and east of their domain.

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Galeazzo I Visconti

Galeazzo I Visconti (21 January 1277 – 6 August 1328) was lord of Milan from 1322 to 1327.

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Galeazzo II Visconti

Galeazzo II Visconti (– 4 August 1378) was a member of the Visconti dynasty and a ruler of Milan, Italy.

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Galeotto I Malatesta

Galeotto I Malatesta (1299–1385) was an Italian condottiero, who was lord of Rimini, Fano, Ascoli Piceno, Cesena and Fossombrone.

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Gallicanism

Gallicanism is the belief that popular civil authority—often represented by the monarchs' authority or the State's authority—over the Catholic Church is comparable to that of the Pope's.

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Gamlen

Gamlen is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Cochem-Zell district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Gau-Algesheim

Gau-Algesheim is a town in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Günther von Schwarzburg

Günther XXI von Schwarzburg (1304 – 14 June 1349), King of Germany, was a descendant of the counts of Schwarzburg and the younger son of Henry VII, Count of Schwarzburg-Blankenburg.

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Günther von Schwarzburg (opera)

Günther von Schwarzburg is a Singspiel in three acts by Ignaz Holzbauer set to a German libretto by Anton Klein.

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Gedern

Gedern is a town in the Wetteraukreis district in Hesse, Germany, and historically belongs to Oberhessen.

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Gelderland

Gelderland (also Guelders in English) is a province of the Netherlands, located in the central eastern part of the country.

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Gelnhausen

Gelnhausen is a town and the capital of the Main-Kinzig-Kreis, in Hesse, Germany.

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Gemünden, Westerwaldkreis

Gemünden is an Ortsgemeinde – a community belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde – in the Westerwaldkreis in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Gerhard V of Jülich

Gerhard V of Jülich (before 1250 – 29 July 1328), Count of Jülich (1297–1328), was the youngest son of William IV, Count of Jülich and Richardis of Guelders, daughter of Gerard III, Count of Guelders.

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Gerlach V of Isenburg-Limburg

Gerlach V of Isenburg-Limburg (died April 14, 1355), also called Gerlach II "the Elder" of Limburg, was Count of Isenburg-Limburg.

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Germersheim

Germersheim is a town in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate, of around 20,000 inhabitants.

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Gertrude of Hohenberg

Gertrude Anne of Hohenberg (– 16 February 1281) was German queen from 1273 until her death, by her marriage with King Rudolf I of Germany.

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Giovanni di Vico

Giovanni di Vico (died 1366) was an Italian Ghibelline leader, lord of Viterbo, Vetralla, Orvieto, Narni and numerous other lands in northern Lazio and Umbria.

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Giovanni Gaetano Orsini (cardinal)

Giovanni Gaetano Orsini (ca. 1285 - 27 August 1335), Cardinal of the Holy Roman Church from 17 December 1316 until his death, was a Roman nobleman, a nephew of Pope Nicholas III and a grandson of Matteo Rosso Orsini.

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Goldegg

Goldegg, also named Goldegg im Pongau, is a municipality in St. Johann im Pongau District, in the state of Salzburg in Austria.

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Golden Bull of 1356

The Golden Bull of 1356 was a decree issued by the Imperial Diet at Nuremberg and Metz (Diet of Metz (1356/57)) headed by the Emperor Charles IV which fixed, for a period of more than four hundred years, important aspects of the constitutional structure of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Goslar

Goslar is a historic town in Lower Saxony, Germany.

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Grafing

Grafing bei München (officially: Grafing b.München) is a town in the Upper Bavarian district of Ebersberg.

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Grenzau Feud

. The Grenzau Feud (Grenzauer Fehde) was a warlike conflict between the troops of Koblenz in the Electorate of Trier on the one hand and Lord Philip of Isenburg and Lord Reynard of Westerburg on the other at Grenzau on 20 April 1347.

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Grosseto

Grosseto is a city and comune in the central Italian region of Tuscany, the capital of the Province of Grosseto.

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Growth of the Old Swiss Confederacy

The Old Swiss Confederacy began as a late medieval alliance between the communities of the valleys in the Central Alps, at the time part of the Holy Roman Empire, to facilitate the management of common interests such as free trade and to ensure the peace along the important trade routes through the mountains.

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Grumbach

Grumbach is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Guelders

Guelders or Gueldres (Gelre, Geldern) is a historical county, later duchy of the Holy Roman Empire, located in the Low Countries.

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Guido Tarlati

Caprese. Guido Tarlati (died 1327) was a lord and Bishop of Arezzo.

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Haßloch

Haßloch (or Hassloch) is a municipality in the Bad Dürkheim district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Hadamar

Hadamar is a small town in Limburg-Weilburg district in Hessen, Germany.

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Haflinger

The Haflinger, also known as the Avelignese, is a breed of horse developed in Austria and northern Italy (namely Hafling in South Tyrol region) during the late nineteenth century.

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Halle, Belgium

Halle (Hal) is a city and municipality of Belgium, in the district (arrondissement) Halle-Vilvoorde of the province Flemish Brabant.

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Henry I of Jawor

Henry I of Jawor (Henryk I Jaworski; – 15 May 1346), was a Duke of Jawor-Lwówek-Świdnica-Ziębice during 1301–1312 (with his brothers as co-rulers), sole Duke of Jawor-Lwówek since 1312 and Duke of Głogów since 1337 until his death.

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Henry I, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal

Margrave Henry I (nicknamed Henry Lackland; 21 March 1256 – 14 February 1318) was a member of the House of Ascania and Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal and Landsberg.

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Henry II, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen

Henry II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, (before 1296 – after 1351), also called de Graecia ("of Greece"), was the eldest son of Henry I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg.

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Henry II, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal

Henry II of Brandenburg-Stendal, nicknamed Henry the Younger or Henry the Child (Heinrich das Kind; – July 1320) was the last Margrave of Brandenburg from the House of Ascania.

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Henry IV the Faithful

Henry IV (II) the Faithful (– 22 January 1342) was a Duke of Żagań and parts of Greater Poland from 1309 until 1317 (with his brothers in all the lands except Głogów in different divisions among them), Duke of Głogów from 1318 until 1321 (with his brother as co-ruler) and sole ruler over Żagań from 1321 until his death.

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Henry IV, Count of Waldeck

Henry IV, Count of Waldeck (– 1 May 1348) was the ruling Count of Waldeck from 1305 to 1344.

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Henry of Bohemia

Henry of Carinthia (Heinrich von Kärnten, Jindřich Korutanský; – 2 April 1335), a member of the House of Gorizia (Meinhardiner), was Duke of Carinthia and Margrave of Carniola (as Henry VI) as well as Count of Tyrol from 1295 until his death.

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Henry VI the Good

Henry VI the Good (also known as of Wrocław) (Henryk VI Dobry or Wrocławski) (18 March 1294 – 24 November 1335) was a Duke of Wrocław since 1296 (with his brothers as co-rulers until 1311).

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Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor

Henry VII (German: Heinrich; c. 1275 – 24 August 1313)Kleinhenz, pg.

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Henry XIII, Duke of Bavaria

Henry I of Lower Bavaria, member of the Wittelsbach dynasty (19 November 1235 – 3 February 1290 in Burghausen) was Duke of Lower Bavaria.

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Henry XIV, Duke of Bavaria

Henry XIV, duke of Bavaria (29 September 1305 – 1 September 1339), was duke of Lower Bavaria (also called Henry II).

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Henry XV, Duke of Bavaria

Henry XV, duke of Bavaria, as duke of Lower Bavaria also called Henry III, (28 August 1312 – 18 June 1333 in Natternberg near Deggendorf).

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Henry XVI, Duke of Bavaria

Henry XVI of Bavaria (1386 – 30 July 1450, Landshut),, since 1393 Duke of Bavaria-Landshut.

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Hiltpoltstein Castle

Hiltpoltstein Castle (Burg Hiltpoltstein) was originally a high mediaeval aristocratic castle dating to the 11th or 12th century.

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History of Austria

The history of Austria covers the history of Austria and its predecessor states, from the early Stone Age to the present state.

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History of Bavaria

The history of Bavaria stretches from its earliest settlement and its formation as a stem duchy in the 6th century through its inclusion in the Holy Roman Empire to its status as an independent kingdom and finally as a large Bundesland (state) of the modern Federal Republic of Germany.

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History of Catholic dogmatic theology

The history of Catholic dogmatic theology divides into three main periods: the patristic, the medieval, the modern.

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History of Franconia

Franconia (Franken) is a region that is not precisely defined, but which lies in the north of the Free State of Bavaria, parts of Baden-Württemberg and South Thuringia and Hesse in Germany.

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History of Germany

The concept of Germany as a distinct region in central Europe can be traced to Roman commander Julius Caesar, who referred to the unconquered area east of the Rhine as Germania, thus distinguishing it from Gaul (France), which he had conquered.

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History of Goslar

Goslar is a world heritage site in Germany.

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History of Munich

Events in the history of Munich in Germany.

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History of Speyer

The history of Speyer begins with the establishment of a Roman camp in 10 BCE, making it one of Germany's oldest cities.

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History of the Czech lands in the High Middle Ages

The history of the Czech lands in the High Middle Ages encompasses the period from the rule of Vladislav II (c.1110–1174 AD) to that of Henry of Bohemia (c.1265–1335).

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History of the Jews in Germany

Jewish settlers founded the Ashkenazi Jewish community in the Early (5th to 10th centuries CE) and High Middle Ages (circa 1000–1299 CE).

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History of the Jews in the Netherlands

Most history of the Jews in the Netherlands was generated between the end of the 16th century and World War II.

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History of Uri

Uri is a Swiss Talschaft and canton in the upper Reuss valley.

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Holy Roman Emperor

The Holy Roman Emperor (historically Romanorum Imperator, "Emperor of the Romans") was the ruler of the Holy Roman Empire (800-1806 AD, from Charlemagne to Francis II).

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Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire (Sacrum Romanum Imperium; Heiliges Römisches Reich) was a multi-ethnic but mostly German complex of territories in central Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806.

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Homburg (Saar)

Homburg is a town in Saarland, Germany, the administrative seat of the Saarpfalz (Saar-Palatinate) district.

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Hook and Cod wars

The Hook and Cod wars (Hoekse en Kabeljauwse twisten) comprise a series of wars and battles in the County of Holland between 1350 and 1490.

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House of Glyme

Glymes was a noble house of Belgium, of descendants of a bastard branch of the Dukes of Brabant.

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House of Gonzaga

The House of Gonzaga was a princely family that ruled Mantua, in northern Italy, from 1328 to 1708; they also ruled Monferrato in Piedmont and Nevers in France, and also many other lesser fiefs throughout Europe.

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House of Habsburg

The House of Habsburg (traditionally spelled Hapsburg in English), also called House of Austria was one of the most influential and distinguished royal houses of Europe.

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House of Luxembourg

The House of Luxembourg (Lucemburkové) was a late medieval European royal family, whose members between 1308 and 1437 ruled as King of the Romans and Holy Roman Emperors as well as Kings of Bohemia (Čeští králové, König von Böhmen) and Hungary.

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House of Wittelsbach

The House of Wittelsbach is a European royal family and a German dynasty from Bavaria.

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Humbert II of Viennois

Humbert II de la Tour-du-Pin (1312 – 4 May 1355) was the Dauphin of the Viennois from 1333 to 16 July 1349.

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Imperial Regalia

The Imperial Regalia, also Imperial Insignia (in German Reichskleinodien, Reichsinsignien or Reichsschatz), are regalia of the Holy Roman Emperor.

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Ingwiller

Ingwiller is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

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Innenstadt (Frankfurt am Main)

The Innenstadt (inner city) is the central city district of Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

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Inner Austria

Inner Austria (Innerösterreich, Notranja Avstrija, Austria Interiore) was a term used from the late 14th to the early 17th century for the Habsburg hereditary lands south of the Semmering Pass, referring to the Imperial duchies of Styria, Carinthia and Carniola and the lands of the Austrian Littoral.

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Interregnum (HRE)

There was no emperor of the Holy Roman Empire between 1245 and 1312, and again during 1378–1433 and 1437–1452.

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Irmengard of Oettingen

Irmengard of Oettingen (– 6 November 1389 in Worms, Germany) was a princess of the Counts von Oettingen by birth, and by marriage, Countess Palatine of the Rhine and, as a widow, a Dominican nun.

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Isabeau of Bavaria

Isabeau of Bavaria (or Isabelle; also Elisabeth of Bavaria-Ingolstadt; c. 1370 – 24 September 1435) was born into the House of Wittelsbach as the eldest daughter of Duke Stephen III of Bavaria-Ingolstadt and Taddea Visconti of Milan.

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Isabella of Aragon, Queen of Germany

Isabella of Aragon (1305 – 12 July 1330) was the daughter of James II of Aragon and his second wife Blanche of Anjou.

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Isabella of Bourbon

Isabella of Bourbon, Countess of Charolais (1434 – 25 September 1465) was the second wife of Charles the Bold, Count of Charolais and future Duke of Burgundy.

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Isabella of Valois

Isabella of France (9 November 1389 – 13 September 1409) was Queen consort of England as the second spouse of King Richard II.

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Isartor

The Isartor at the Isartorplatz in Munich is one of four main gates of the medieval city wall.

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Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut

Jacqueline (Jacoba van Beieren; Jacqueline de Bavière; 15 July 1401 – 8 October 1436), was a Duchess of Bavaria-Straubing, Countess of Holland and Zeeland and Countess of Hainaut from 1417 to 1433.

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Jakob Twinger von Königshofen

Jacob Königshofen (more properly Jakob Twinger von Königshofen) (1346 – 27 December 1420) was a German chronicler.

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Joan of England (1335–1348)

Joan of England (December 19, 1333 or January 28, 1334 – July 1, 1348)Mortimer, I. The Perfect King: The Life of Edward III Father of the English Nation.

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Joan of France, Duchess of Brittany

Joan of France (24 January 1391 – 27 September 1433) was Duchess of Brittany through her marriage to John V. She was a daughter of Charles VI of France and Isabeau of Bavaria.

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Joan of Valois, Countess of Hainaut

Joan of Valois (c. 1294 – 7 March 1342) was the second eldest daughter of the French prince Charles of Valois and his first wife, Margaret, Countess of Anjou.

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Joanna of Bavaria

Joanna of Bavaria (c. 1362 – 31 December 1386), a member of the House of Wittelsbach, was German queen from 1376 and Queen of Bohemia from 1378 until her death, by her marriage with the Luxembourg king Wenceslaus.

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Joanna of Pfirt

Joanna of Pfirt (Jeanne de Ferrette; – 15 November 1351) was Duchess consort of Austria from 1330 until her death by her marriage with the Habsburg duke Albert II.

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Joanna Sophia of Bavaria

Joanna Sophia of Bavaria (c. 1373 – 15 November 1410) was the youngest daughter of Albert I, Duke of Bavaria and his first wife Margaret of Brieg.

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Johann III, Count of Sponheim-Starkenburg

Johann III, Count of Sponheim-Starkenburg, the Older (b. ca. 1315 – d. 30 December 1398), reigned over the County of Sponheim for 67 years.

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Johannes Tauler

Johannes Tauler OP (c. 1300 – 16 June 1361) was a German mystic, a Catholic preacher and a theologian.

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John Henry, Margrave of Moravia

John Henry of Luxembourg (Jan Jindřich, Johann Heinrich; 12 February 1322 – 12 November 1375), a member of the House of Luxembourg, was Count of Tyrol from 1335 to 1341 and Margrave of Moravia from 1349 until his death.

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John I, Duke of Bavaria

John I of Bavaria (29 November 1329 – 20 December 1340), (German: Johann I das Kind, Herzog von Niederbayern), he was the Duke of Lower Bavaria since 1339.

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John I, Duke of Cleves

John I, Duke of Cleves, Count of Mark (16 February 1419 – 5 September 1481) was Duke of Cleves and Count of Mark.

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John II, Duke of Bavaria

Duke John II of Bavaria-Munich (1341 – 1397), (German: Johann II, Herzog von Bayern-München), since 1375 Duke of Bavaria-Munich.

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John II, Duke of Bourbon

John de Bourbon, Duke of Bourbon (1426 – 1 April 1488, Château de Moulins), sometimes referred to as John the Good and The Scourge of the English, was a son of Charles I of Bourbon and Agnes of Burgundy.

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John II, Duke of Brabant

John II van Brabant (September 27, 1275 – October 27, 1312, Tervuren), also called John the Peaceful, was Duke of Brabant, Lothier and Limburg (1294–1312).

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John II, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg

John II of Saxe-Lauenburg (c. 1275 – 22 April 1322) was the eldest son of John I of Saxony and Ingeborg Birgersdotter of Småland (c. 1253–30 June 1302, Mölln), a daughter or grandchild of Birger jarl.

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John III, Burgrave of Nuremberg

John III of Nuremberg (c. 1369 – 11 June 1420 in Plassenburg), Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach from the House of Hohenzollern.

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John III, Duke of Bavaria

John III the Pitiless, Duke of Bavaria-Straubing (1374–1425), of the House of Wittelsbach, was first bishop of Liège 1389–1418 and then duke of Bavaria-Straubing and count of Holland and Hainaut 1418–1425.

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John III, Duke of Brabant

John III (Jan; 1300 – 5 December 1355) was Duke of Brabant, Lothier, and Limburg (1312–1355).

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John of Anjou

John (János; 1354–1360) was a Hungarian royal prince of the Capetian House of Anjou.

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John of Bohemia

John the Blind (Jang de Blannen; Johann der Blinde von Luxemburg; Jan Lucemburský; 10 August 1296 – 26 August 1346) was the Count of Luxembourg from 1309 and King of Bohemia from 1310 and titular King of Poland.

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John of Jandun

John of Jandun (French Jean de Jandun, Johannes von Jandun, or Johannes de Janduno, circa 1285–1328) was a French philosopher, theologian, and political writer.

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John of Viktring

John of Viktring (Johann von Viktring, Janez Vetrinjski, Iohannis abbatis Victorensis; 12 November 1347) was a late medieval chronicler and political advisor to Duke Henry of Carinthia.

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John of Winterthur

John of Winterthur (c. 1300 – after 1348) was a Swiss historian who wrote a chronicle of history up to 1348.

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John, Duke of Touraine

John, Dauphin of France and Duke of Touraine (31 August 1398 – 5 April 1417) was the fourth son and ninth child of Charles VI of France and Isabeau of Bavaria.

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John, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach

John, nicknamed the Alchemist (Johann der Alchimist; 1406 – 16 November 1464) was a Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach and served as the peace-loving Margrave of Brandenburg after the abdication of his father, Frederick I, the first member of the House of Hohenzollern to rule Brandenburg.

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Jus naufragii

The jus naufragii (right of shipwreck), sometimes lex naufragii (law of shipwreck), was a medieval custom (never actually a law) which allowed the inhabitants or lord of a territory to seize all that washed ashore from the wreck of a ship along its coast.

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Kaisersesch

Kaisersesch is a town in the Cochem-Zell district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Kamenz

Kamenz (Kamjenc) is a town (Große Kreisstadt) in the district of Bautzen in Saxony, Germany.

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Karl Ballenberger

Karl Ballenberger (1801–1860) was a 19th-century German painter who worked in an archaic, medievalising style.

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Kastl Abbey

Kastl Abbey (Kloster Kastl) is a former Benedictine monastery in Kastl in the Upper Palatinate, Bavaria.

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Katherine of Bavaria

Katherine of Bavaria (c. 1361–1400 AD, Hattem), was the eldest child of Albert I, Duke of Bavaria and his first wife Margaret of Brieg.

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Königsbronn Abbey

Königsbronn Abbey (Kloster Königsbronn) was a Cistercian monastery in Königsbronn in Heidenheim an der Brenz, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

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King of Italy

King of Italy (Latin: Rex Italiae; Italian: Re d'Italia) was the title given to the ruler of the Kingdom of Italy after the fall of the Western Roman Empire.

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King of the Romans

King of the Romans (Rex Romanorum; König der Römer) was a title used by Syagrius, then by the German king following his election by the princes from the time of Emperor Henry II (1014–1024) onward.

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Kingdom of Bohemia

The Kingdom of Bohemia, sometimes in English literature referred to as the Czech Kingdom (České království; Königreich Böhmen; Regnum Bohemiae, sometimes Regnum Czechorum), was a medieval and early modern monarchy in Central Europe, the predecessor of the modern Czech Republic.

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Kingdom of Germany

The Kingdom of Germany or German Kingdom (Regnum Teutonicum, "Teutonic Kingdom"; Deutsches Reich) developed out of the eastern half of the former Carolingian Empire.

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Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)

The Kingdom of Italy (Latin: Regnum Italiae or Regnum Italicum, Italian: Regno d'Italia) was one of the constituent kingdoms of the Holy Roman Empire, along with the kingdoms of Germany, Bohemia, and Burgundy.

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Kintzheim

Kintzheim is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Alsace in north-eastern France.

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Kirchheim in Schwaben

Kirchheim or Kirchheim in Schwaben (engl. Kirchheim in Swabia) is a municipality and a market town in the district of Unterallgäu in the region of Swabia (Schwaben) in the south-west of Bavaria, Germany.

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Kirn

Kirn is a town in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany.

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Klarenthal Abbey

Klarenthal Abbey (Kloster Klarenthal in German) is a former convent of the Order of Poor Ladies in the borough of Klarenthal in Wiesbaden, Germany.

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Konrad Mannert

Konrad Mannert (April 17, 1756 – September 27, 1834) was a Prussian historian and geographer.

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Kronberg im Taunus

Kronberg im Taunus is a town in the Hochtaunuskreis district, Hesse, Germany and part of the Frankfurt Rhein-Main urban area.

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Kufstein

Kufstein is a town in the Austrian state of Tyrol, the administrative seat of Kufstein District.

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Kufstein Fortress

The Kufstein Fortress (Festung Kufstein) is the main landmark of Kufstein, a city of Tyrol in Austria.

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Ladislaus the Posthumous

Ladislaus the Posthumous, known also as Ladislas (Utószülött László; Ladislav Pohrobek, 22 February 144023 November 1457) (in Hungarian: V. László), was Duke of Austria, and King of Hungary, Croatia and Bohemia.

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Lahnstein

Lahnstein is a ''verband''-free town of Rhein-Lahn-Kreis in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Lake Bolsena

Lake Bolsena (Lago di Bolsena) is a crater lake of central Italy, of volcanic origin.

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Lake Starnberg

Lake Starnberg (Starnberger See) — called Lake Würm (German Würmsee) until 1962 — is Germany's fifth largest freshwater lake in terms of area and, due to its great average depth, the second largest in terms of water volume, after Lake Constance.

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Lands of the Bohemian Crown

The Lands of the Bohemian Crown, sometimes called Czech lands in modern times, were a number of incorporated states in Central Europe during the medieval and early modern periods connected by feudal relations under the Bohemian kings.

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Le Quesnoy

Le Quesnoy is a commune and small town in the east of the Nord department of northern France, accordingly its historic province is French Hainaut.

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Leipheim

Leipheim is a town in the district of Günzburg, in Bavaria, Germany.

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Leopold I, Duke of Austria

Leopold I (4 August 1290 – 28 February 1326) from the House of Habsburg was Duke of Austria and Styria – as co-ruler with his elder brother Frederick the Fair – from 1308 until his death.

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Lindenfels

Lindenfels is a town in the Bergstraße district in Hesse, Germany.

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Lingerhahn

Lingerhahn is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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List of battles 1301–1600

No description.

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List of Bavarian consorts

There have been three kinds of Bavarian consorts in history, Duchesses, Electresses and Queens.

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List of Burgundian consorts

This article lists queens, countesses, and duchesses consort of the Kingdom, County, Duchy of Burgundy.

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List of condottieri

Condottieri (singular condottiero) were mercenary leaders employed by Italian city-states and seignories from the late Middle Ages until the mid-17th century.

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List of consorts of Brandenburg

No description.

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List of Counts Palatine of the Rhine

The Elector of the Palatinate (Kurfürst von der Pfalz) ruled the Palatinate of the Rhine in the Kingdom of Germany and the Holy Roman Empire from 915 to 1803.

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List of coupled cousins

This is a list of prominent individuals who have been romantically or maritally coupled with a cousin.

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List of German monarchs

This is a list of monarchs who ruled over the German territories of central Europe from the division of the Frankish Empire in 843 (by which a separate Eastern Frankish Kingdom was created), until the collapse of the German Empire in 1918.

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List of German queens

German queen is the informal title used when referring to the wife of the ruler of the Kingdom of Germany.

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List of Germans

This is a list of notable Germans or German-speaking or -writing persons.

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List of Holy Roman Empresses

Holy Roman Empress or Empress of the Holy Roman Empire is the title given to the consort (wife) or regent of the Holy Roman Emperor.

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List of Italian queens

Queen of Italy (regina Italiae in Latin and regina d'Italia in Italian) is a title adopted by many spouses of the rulers of the Italian peninsula after the fall of the Roman Empire.

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List of margravines of Meissen

The Margraviate of Meissen was a territorial state on the border of the Holy Roman Empire.

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List of monarchs by nickname

This is a list of monarchs (and other royalty and nobility) sorted by nickname.

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List of nicknames of European royalty and nobility: L

No description.

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List of rulers of Bavaria

The following is a list of rulers during the history of Bavaria.

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List of rulers of Brandenburg

This article lists the Margraves and Electors of Brandenburg during the period of time that Brandenburg was a constituent state of the Holy Roman Empire.

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List of state leaders in 1314

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List of state leaders in 1315

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List of state leaders in 1316

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List of state leaders in 1317

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List of state leaders in 1318

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List of state leaders in 1319

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List of state leaders in 1320

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List of state leaders in 1321

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List of state leaders in 1322

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List of state leaders in 1323

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List of state leaders in 1324

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List of state leaders in 1325

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List of state leaders in 1326

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List of state leaders in 1327

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List of state leaders in 1328

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List of state leaders in 1329

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List of state leaders in 1330

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List of state leaders in 1331

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List of state leaders in 1332

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List of state leaders in 1333

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List of state leaders in 1334

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List of state leaders in 1335

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List of state leaders in 1336

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List of state leaders in 1337

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List of state leaders in 1338

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List of state leaders in 1339

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List of state leaders in 1340

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List of state leaders in 1341

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List of state leaders in 1342

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List of state leaders in 1343

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List of state leaders in 1344

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List of state leaders in 1345

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List of state leaders in 1346

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List of state leaders in 1347

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List of state leaders in the 14th century

;State leaders in the 13th century – State leaders in the 15th century – State leaders by year This is a list of state leaders in the 14th century (1301–1400) AD.

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List of Swedish consorts

This is a list of Swedish queens consort and spouses of Swedish monarchs and regents.

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List of treaties

This list of treaties contains known historic agreements, pacts, peaces, and major contracts between states, armies, governments, and tribal groups.

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List of wars involving the Czech Republic

This is a list of wars involving the Czech Republic and its predecessor states.

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Lordship of Hanau

The Lordship of Hanau was a territory within the Holy Roman Empire.

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Louis (given name)

Louis is the French form of the Old Frankish given name Chlodowig (Modern German: Ludwig) and one of two English forms, the other being Lewis.

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Louis I of Brzeg

Louis I the Fair, also known as the Wise or the Right (Ludwik I Sprawiedliwy, Roztropny, or Prawy) or Louis I of Brzeg (Ludwik I brzeski; – 6/23 December 1398), a member of the Silesian Piasts, was a Silesian duke of Legnica from 1342 to 1346 (jointly with his elder brother Wenceslaus I until 1345) and of Brzeg from 1358 until his death.

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Louis I, Landgrave of Hesse

Louis I of Hesse (Ludwig) (6 February 1402, Spangenberg - 17 January 1458), called "the Peaceful" was Landgrave of Lower Hesse (Hesse) from 1413-1458.

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Louis II, Duke of Bavaria

Ludwig I or Louis I of Upper Bavaria (Ludwig II der Strenge, Herzog von Bayern, Pfalzgraf bei Rhein) (13 April 1229 – 2 February 1294) was Duke of Upper Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine from 1253.

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Louis II, Elector of Brandenburg

Louis the Roman (7 May 1328 – 17 May 1365) was the eldest son of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian by his second wife, Margaret II, Countess of Hainault, and a member of the House of Wittelsbach.

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Louis IV

Louis IV or Ludwig IV may refer to.

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Louis IV of Germany

Louis IV of Germany may refer to.

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Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria

Louis IX (also known as Louis the Rich; 23 February 1417 – 18 January 1479), (German: Ludwig IX, Herzog von Bayern-Landshut) was Duke of Bavaria-Landshut from 1450.

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Louis of Meissen

Louis of Meissen (25 February 1341 at the Wartburg – 17 February 1382 in Calbe) was a German nobleman from the House of Wettin.

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Louis V

Louis V may refer to.

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Louis V, Duke of Bavaria

Louis V, called the Brandenburger (May 1315 – 18 September 1361), a member of the House of Wittelsbach, ruled as Margrave of Brandenburg (as Louis I) from 1323 to 1351 and as Duke of Bavaria from 1347 until his death.

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Louis VII, Duke of Bavaria

Duke Louis VII of Bavaria (c. 1368 – 1 May 1447, Burghausen) (German: Ludwig VII. der Bärtige, Herzog von Bayern) was Duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt from 1413 until 1443.

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Lower Rhenish–Westphalian Circle

The Lower Rhenish–Westphalian Circle (Niederrheinisch-Westfälischer Reichskreis) was an Imperial Circle of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Lucca

Lucca is a city and comune in Tuscany, Central Italy, on the Serchio, in a fertile plain near the Tyrrhenian Sea.

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Ludovico I Gonzaga

Ludovico I Gonzaga (1268 - 18 January 1360) was an Italian lord, the founder of the Gonzaga family who was the first capitano del popolo of Mantua and imperial vicar.

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Ludwig of Bavaria

Ludwig of Bavaria or Louis of Bavaria may refer to.

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Lupold of Bebenburg

Lupold of Bebenburg (Lupold von Bebenburg; born 1297, died 28 October 1363) was the Bishop of Bamberg from 1353 (as Leopold III).

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Magnus I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg

Magnus I (1304–1369), called the Pious (Latin Pius), was duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg.

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March of Carniola

The March (or Margraviate) of Carniola (Kranjska krajina; Mark Krain) was a southeastern state of the Holy Roman Empire in the High Middle Ages, the predecessor of the Duchy of Carniola.

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March of Lusatia

The March or Margraviate of Lusatia (Mark(grafschaft) Lausitz) was as an eastern border march of the Holy Roman Empire in the lands settled by Polabian Slavs.

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March of the Nordgau

The March of the Nordgau (Markgrafschaft Nordgau) or Bavarian Nordgau (Bayerischer Nordgau) was a medieval administrative unit (Gau) on the frontier of the German Duchy of Bavaria.

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Margaret II, Countess of Hainaut

Margaret II of Avesnes (1311 – 23 June 1356) was Countess of Hainaut and Countess of Holland (as Margaret I) from 1345 to 1356.

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Margaret of Bavaria

Margaret of Bavaria, (1363 – January 1423, Dijon), was Duchess consort of Burgundy by marriage to John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy.

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Margaret of Bavaria, Duchess of Slavonia

Margaret of Bavaria (1321–1374) was the eldest child of Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor, and Margaret II, Countess of Hainaut.

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Margaret of Bohemia, Duchess of Bavaria

Margaret of Bohemia (1313–1341) was the daughter of King John of Bohemia by his first wife Elisabeth of Bohemia (1292–1330).

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Margaret of Bourbon (1438–1483)

Margaret of Bourbon (5 February 1438 – 24 April 1483) was the daughter of Charles I, Duke of Bourbon (1401–1456) and Agnes of Burgundy (1407–1476).

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Margaret of Nevers

Margaret of Nevers (Marguerite; December 1393 – February 1442), also known as Margaret of Burgundy, was Dauphine of France and Duchess of Guyenne as the daughter-in-law of King Charles VI of France.

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Margaret, Countess of Tyrol

Margaret, nicknamed Margarete Maultasch (1318 – 3 October 1369), was the last Countess of Tyrol from the House of Gorizia (Meinhardiner).

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Margareta Ebner

Blessed Margareta Ebner (1291 – 20 June 1351) was a German professed religious from the Dominican Nuns.

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Margiris

Margiris or Margis (died 25 February 1336) was a medieval Lithuanian/Samogitian prince, mentioned by Caspar Schütz, via Wigand of Marburg, as the heroic defender of Pilėnai fortress in 1336.

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Margraviate of Brandenburg

The Margraviate of Brandenburg (Markgrafschaft Brandenburg) was a major principality of the Holy Roman Empire from 1157 to 1806 that played a pivotal role in the history of Germany and Central Europe.

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Margraviate of Landsberg

The Margraviate of Landsberg (Mark Landsberg) was a march of the Holy Roman Empire that existed from the 13th to the 14th century under the rule of the Wettin dynasty.

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Marie of Cleves, Duchess of Orléans

Marie of Cleves (19 September 1426 – 23 August 1487) was the third wife of Charles, Duke of Orléans, and the mother of his only son, King Louis XII of France.

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Marie of Valois, Prioress of Poissy

Marie of France (24 August 1393 – 19 August 1438) was the daughter of Charles VI and his wife, Isabeau of Bavaria.

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Marsilius of Padua

Marsilius of Padua (Italian: Marsilio or Marsiglio da Padova; born Marsilio dei Mainardini or Marsilio Mainardini; c. 1275 – c. 1342) was an Italian scholar, trained in medicine, who practiced a variety of professions.

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Mary of Avesnes

Marie of Hainaut (1280–1354) was the daughter of John II, Count of Holland and Philippa of Luxembourg, her brother was William I, Count of Hainaut.

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Mary of Burgundy, Duchess of Cleves

Mary of Burgundy, Duchess of Cleves (1393 – 30 October 1466) was the second child of John the Fearless and Margaret of Bavaria, and an elder sister of Philip the Good.

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Mastino II della Scala

Mastino II della Scala (1308 – 3 June 1351) was lord of Verona.

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Matilda of Bavaria, Margravine of Meissen

Matilde of Bavaria (aft. 21 June 1313 – 2 July 1346) Meißen) was the eldest daughter of Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor and his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica. Matilde was a member of the House of Wittelsbach.

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Matilda of Habsburg

Matilda of Habsburg or Melchilde (1253 in Rheinfelden – 23 December 1304 in Munich, Bavaria) was the eldest daughter of Rudolph I of Germany and Gertrude of Hohenburg.

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Matteo Orsini

Matteo Orsini (died probably on 18 August 1340) was an Italian Dominican friar and Cardinal.

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Maximilian III Joseph, Elector of Bavaria

Maximilian III Joseph (28 March 1727 – 30 December 1777) was a Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire and Duke of Bavaria from 1745 to 1777.

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Münnerstadt

Münnerstadt is a town in the district of Bad Kissingen in Bavaria, Germany.

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Mechtild of Nassau

Mechtild of Nassau (before 1280 – 19 June 1323) was the youngest child of Adolf of Germany and his wife Imagina of Isenburg-Limburg.

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Meersburg Castle

Meersburg Castle (Burg Meersburg), also known as the Alte Burg (English: Old Castle), in Meersburg on Lake Constance in Baden-Württemberg, Germany is the oldest inhabited castle in Germany.

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Meinhard III, Count of Gorizia-Tyrol

Meinhard III (9 February 1344 – 13 January 1363), a member of the House of Wittelsbach, was Duke of Upper Bavaria and Count of Tyrol from 1361 until his death.

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Meisenheim

Meisenheim is a town in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Michael of Cesena

Michael of Cesena (Michele di Cesena or Michele Fuschi) (c. 1270 – 29 November 1342) was an Italian Franciscan, general of that Order, and theologian.

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Michelle of Valois

Michelle of France (11 January 1395 – 8 July 1422) was a Duchess consort of Burgundy.

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Middle Rhine

Between Bingen and Bonn, Germany, the river Rhine flows as the Middle Rhine (Mittelrhein) through the Rhine Gorge, a formation created by erosion, which happened at about the same rate as an uplift in the region, leaving the river at about its original level, and the surrounding lands raised.

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Monza

Monza (Mùnscia; Modoetia) is a city and comune on the River Lambro, a tributary of the Po in the Lombardy region of Italy, about north-northeast of Milan.

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Munich

Munich (München; Minga) is the capital and the most populated city in the German state of Bavaria, on the banks of the River Isar north of the Bavarian Alps.

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Munich Frauenkirche

The Frauenkirche (Full name: Dom zu Unserer Lieben Frau, Cathedral of Our Dear Lady) is a church in the Bavarian city of Munich that serves as the cathedral of the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising and seat of its Archbishop.

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Neu-Bamberg

Neu-Bamberg is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Neu-Ems Castle

Neu-Ems Castle (Burg Neu-Ems or Schloss Glopper) is a medieval castle in Hohenems in the province of Vorarlberg, Austria.

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Nicholas of Freising

Nicholas of Freising, commonly known as Nicholas the Minorite, was a member of the Franciscan Order during the early 14th Century.

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Nicolas de Besse

Nicolas de Besse was born in the diocese of Limoges, in 1322.

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November 9

No description.

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Novo Mesto

Novo Mesto (Novo mesto; also known by other alternative names) is the city on a bend of the Krka River in the City Municipality of Novo Mesto in southeastern Slovenia, close to the border with Croatia.

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Obermünster, Regensburg

The Obermünster, or Obermünster Abbey, Regensburg, was a collegiate house of canonesses (Frauenstift) in Regensburg, Bavaria, second only to Niedermünster in wealth and power.

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Obernburg

Obernburg am Main (officially Obernburg a.Main) is a town in the Miltenberg district in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) in Bavaria, Germany.

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October 11

No description.

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Offenbach-Hundheim

Offenbach-Hundheim is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Old Town Hall, Munich

The Old Town Hall (German Altes Rathaus), until 1874 the domicile of the municipality, serves today as a building for representative purposes for the city council in Munich.

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Opicinus de Canistris

Opicinus de Canistris (1296–c. 1353), also known as the Anonymous Ticinensis was an Italian priest, writer, mystic, and cartographer who generated a number of unusual writings and fantastic cosmological diagrams.

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Orsoy, Germany

Orsoy is a district of the Lower Rhine town of Rheinberg on the Rhine.

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Osnabrück Town Hall

The historic town hall (Rathaus) of Osnabrück, Germany was built in the late Gothic style from 1487 to 1512.

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Othenin, Count of Montbéliard

Othenin (died 1338), called the Mad, was a Count of Montbéliard.

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Otto II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg

Otto II, Duke of Brunswick and Lüneburg (about 1266 – 10 April 1330), also known as Otto the Strict (Otto der Strenge), came from the House of Welf and was Prince of Lüneburg from 1277 to 1330.

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Otto III, Duke of Bavaria

Otto III (11 February 1261 – 9 November 1312), a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty, was the Duke of Lower Bavaria from 1290 to 1312 and the King of Hungary and Croatia between 1305 and 1307.

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Otto IV, Duke of Lower Bavaria

Otto IV (January 3, 1307 – December 14, 1334 in Munich) was a Duke of Lower Bavaria.

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Otto V, Duke of Bavaria

Otto V the Bavarian, Duke of Bavaria (1340/42 – 15 November 1379), was a Duke of Bavaria and Elector of Brandenburg as Otto VII.

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Otto, Duke of Austria

Otto, the Merry (der Fröhliche; 23 July 1301 – 17 February 1339), a member of the House of Habsburg, was Duke of Austria and Styria from 1330, as well as Duke of Carinthia from 1335 until his death.

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Pagano della Torre

Pagano della Torre (died July 30, 1365) was Patriarch of Aquileia from 1319 until 1332.

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Papal appointment

Papal appointment was a medieval method of selecting a pope.

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Papal conclave, 1314–16

The papal conclave of 1314–16 (May 1, 1314 to August 7, 1316), held in the apostolic palace of Carpentras and then the Dominican house in Lyon, was one of the longest conclaves in the history of the Roman Catholic Church and the first conclave of the Avignon Papacy.

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Pavia

Pavia (Lombard: Pavia; Ticinum; Medieval Latin: Papia) is a town and comune of south-western Lombardy, northern Italy, south of Milan on the lower Ticino river near its confluence with the Po.

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Peter John Olivi

Peter John Olivi, also Pierre de Jean Olivi or Petrus Joannis Olivi (1248 – March 14, 1298), was a Franciscan theologian who, although he died professing the faith of the Roman Catholic Church, became a controversial figure in the arguments surrounding poverty at the beginning of the 14th century.

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Peter of Aspelt

Peter of Aspelt (aka Peter von Aichspelt, Peter von Basel, Peter von Mainz; born 1240/45, died June 5, 1320 in Mainz) was Archbishop of Mainz from 1306 to 1320, and an influential political figure of the period.

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Pfalzgrafenstein Castle

Pfalzgrafenstein Castle (Burg Pfalzgrafenstein) is a toll castle on the Falkenau island, otherwise known as Pfalz Island in the Rhine river near Kaub, Germany.

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Pfuel

The German ancient noble family of Pfuel (also Pfuhl or Phull) arrived in Brandenburg in the year 926 and later widened their influence to Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, Mecklenburg, Pomerania, Württemberg, Westphalia, Eastern Europe and Sweden.

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Philip the Good

Philip the Good (Philippe le Bon, Filips de Goede; 31 July 1396 – 15 June 1467) was Duke of Burgundy as Philip III from 1419 until his death.

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Philip VI of France

Philip VI (Philippe VI) (1293 – 22 August 1350), called the Fortunate (le Fortuné) and of Valois, was the first King of France from the House of Valois.

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Philippa of Hainault

Philippa of Hainault (Middle French: Philippe de Hainaut; 24 June c.1310/15 – 15 August 1369) was Queen of England as the wife of King Edward III.

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Philippa of Luxembourg

Philippa of Luxembourg (1252 – 6 April 1311) was the daughter of Count Henry V of Luxembourg and his wife, Marguerite of Bar.

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Pier Saccone Tarlati di Pietramala

Pier Saccone Tarlati di Pietramala (1261–1356) was an Italian condottiero from Pietramala d'Arezzo in the Val d'Arno, a rocca that controlled the mule track between his native town of Arezzo and Anghiari.

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Pope Benedict XII

Pope Benedict XII (Benedictus XII; 1285 – 25 April 1342), born Jacques Fornier, was Pope from 30 December 1334 to his death in April 1342.

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Pope Clement VI

Clement VI (Clemens VI; 1291 – 6 December 1352), born Pierre Roger, was Pope from 7 May 1342 to his death in 1352.

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Pope John XXII

Pope John XXII (Ioannes XXII; 1244 – 4 December 1334), born Jacques Duèze (or d'Euse), was Pope from 7 August 1316 to his death in 1334.

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Prince-Bishopric of Augsburg

The Prince-Bishopric of Augsburg was one of the prince-bishoprics of the Holy Roman Empire, and belonged to the Swabian Circle.

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Rabenstein Castle (Saxony)

Rabenstein Castle (German:Burg Rabenstein) is the smallest Mediaeval castle in Saxony.

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Raid on Brandenburg

The Raid on Brandenburg was a Polish–Lithuanian raid on the Margraviate of Brandenburg in February–March 1326.

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Römer

The Römer (German surname, "Roman") is a medieval building in the Altstadt of Frankfurt am Main, Germany, and one of the city's most important landmarks.

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Reichenstein Castle (Trechtingshausen)

Reichenstein Castle (Burg Reichenstein), also known as Falkenburg is a castle in the UNESCO World Heritage Site of the Upper Middle Rhine Valley.

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Reichskrieg (1311–1312)

The Reichskrieg was a war fought in 1311 and 1312 by the imperial cities of the Holy Roman Empire against Eberhard I, Count of Württemberg, known as 'Eberhard the Illustrious Highness'.

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Reliquary Crown of Henry II

The so-called Crown of Henry II is a medieval crown which came from the reliquary of the saint Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor (972–1024) at Bamberg Cathedral, though it is not thought to date from close to his lifetime.

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Republic of Lucca

The Republic of Lucca was a historic state of Italy, which lasted from 1160 to 1805 on the central Italian peninsula.

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Rheinböllen

Rheinböllen is a town in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Richard de Bury

Richard de Bury (24 January 1287 – 14 April 1345), also known as Richard Aungerville or Aungervyle, was an English priest, teacher, bishop, writer, and bibliophile.

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Rimini

Rimini (Rémin; Ariminum) is a city of about 150,000 inhabitants in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern Italy and capital city of the Province of Rimini.

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Robert d'Ufford, 1st Earl of Suffolk

Robert de Ufford, 1st Earl of Suffolk, KG (9 August 1298 – 4 November 1369) was an English peer.

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Robert, King of Naples

Robert of Anjou (Roberto d'Angiò), known as Robert the Wise (Roberto il Saggio; 1275 – 20 January 1343), was King of Naples, titular King of Jerusalem and Count of Provence and Forcalquier from 1309 to 1343, the central figure of Italian politics of his time.

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Rocca di Papa

Rocca di Papa (Roman Castles Romanesco: 'A Rocca) is a small town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Rome, Lazio, Italy.

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Roman Anton Boos

Roman Anton Boos (28 February 1733 (?) in Bischofswang, near Roßhaupten - 19 December 1810, Munich) was a German sculptor.

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Roman Catholic Diocese of Castello

The Diocese of Castello, originally the Diocese of Olivolo, is a former Roman Catholic diocese that was based on the city of Venice in Italy.

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Roman Catholic Diocese of Reggio Emilia-Guastalla

You may be looking for the archdiocese of Reggio Calabria-Bova The Diocese of Reggio Emilia-Guastalla is a Roman Catholic ecclesiastical territory in Emilia-Romagna, Italy.

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Roman Catholic Diocese of San Severino

The former Italian Catholic Diocese of San Severino, in the Province of Macerata, Marche in Central Italy, existed until 1986.

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Roman triumph

The Roman triumph (triumphus) was a civil ceremony and religious rite of ancient Rome, held to publicly celebrate and sanctify the success of a military commander who had led Roman forces to victory in the service of the state or, originally and traditionally, one who had successfully completed a foreign war.

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Rudelsburg

The Rudelsburg is a ruined hill castle located on the east bank of the river Saale above Saaleck, a village in the borough of Naumburg in the county of Burgenlandkreis in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.

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Rudolf I of Germany

Rudolf I, also known as Rudolf of Habsburg (Rudolf von Habsburg, Rudolf Habsburský; 1 May 1218 – 15 July 1291), was Count of Habsburg from about 1240 and the elected King of the Romans from 1273 until his death.

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Rudolf I, Duke of Bavaria

Rudolf I of Bavaria, called "the Stammerer" (Rudolf der Stammler; 4 October 1274 – 12 August 1319), a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty, was Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine from 1294 until 1317.

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Rudolf I, Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg

Rudolf I (– 12 March 1356), a member of the House of Ascania, was Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg from 1298 until his death.

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Rudolf II, Count Palatine of the Rhine

Rudolf II "the blind" (8 August 1306 in Wolfratshausen – 4 October 1353 in Neustadt) was Count Palatine of the Rhine (see Palatinate) from 1329 to 1353.

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Rudolf IV, Margrave of Baden-Pforzheim

Rudolf IV, Margrave of Baden-Pforzheim (died 25 June 1348) was a son of Margrave Herman VII of Baden and his wife, Agnes of Truhendingen.

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Rudolf V, Margrave of Baden-Pforzheim

Rudolf V, Margrave of Baden-Pforzheim (died 28 August 1361) was a son of Margrave Rudolf IV (died 25 June 1348) and his second wife Maria of Oettingen (d. 10 June 1369).

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Rupert, King of Germany

Rupert of the Palatinate (Ruprecht von der Pfalz; 5 May 1352 – 18 May 1410), a member of the House of Wittelsbach, was Elector Palatine from 1398 (as Rupert III) and King of Germany (rex Romanorum) from 1400 until his death.

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Sankt Wendel

St.

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Saxe-Lauenburg

The Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg (Herzogtum Sachsen-Lauenburg, called Niedersachsen (Lower Saxony) between the 14th and 17th centuries), was a reichsfrei duchy that existed 1296–1803 and 1814–1876 in the extreme southeast region of what is now Schleswig-Holstein.

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Schaffhausen

Schaffhausen (Schafuuse; Schaffhouse; Sciaffusa; Schaffusa; Shaffhouse) is a town with historic roots, a municipality in northern Switzerland, and the capital of the canton of the same name; it has an estimated population of 36,000.

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Schlüsselfeld

Schlüsselfeld is a town on the southwestern edge of the Upper Franconian district of Bamberg.

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Schongau, Bavaria

Schongau is a town in Bavaria, near the Alps.

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Schwabenheim an der Selz

Schwabenheim an der Selz is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Schwäbisch Hall

Schwäbisch Hall, or Hall for short is a town in the German state of Baden-Württemberg and capital of the district of Schwäbisch Hall.

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Sciarra Colonna

Giacomo Colonna (1270-1329), more commonly known by his bynames Sciarrillo or Sciarra, was a member of the powerful Colonna family.

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Seßlach

Seßlach is a town in the district of Coburg, in northern Bavaria, Germany.

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Sendlinger Tor

The Sendlinger Tor (translated: Sendling Gate) is a city gate at the southern extremity of the historic old town area of Munich.

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September 28

No description.

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Simmern

Simmern (officially Simmern/Hunsrück) is a town of roughly 7,600 inhabitants (2013) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, the district seat of the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis, and the seat of the like-named ''Verbandsgemeinde''.

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Simon II, Count of Sponheim-Kreuznach

Simon II of Sponheim (– 1336 in Kastellaun) was a German nobleman.

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Sion, Switzerland

Sion (Sitten; Seduno; Sedunum) is a Swiss town, a municipality, and the capital of the canton of Valais and of the district of Sion.

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Sophia of Bavaria

Sophia of Bavaria (1376 – 4 November 1428) was a Queen of Bohemia and the spouse of Wenceslaus, King of Bohemia and King of the Romans.

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Sponheim family

Sponheim or Spanheim was a medieval German noble family, which originated in Rhenish Franconia.

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St. Mary's Church, Munich

Saint Mary Ramersdorf (Sankt Maria Ramersdorf) in the district Ramersdorf-Perlach of Munich is a parish church and church of pilgrimage.

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Stahleck Castle

Stahleck Castle is a 12th-century fortified castle in the Upper Middle Rhine Valley at Bacharach in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria

Stephen II (1319 – 13 May 1375, Landshut; Stephan) was Duke of Bavaria from 1347 until his death.

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Stephen III, Duke of Bavaria

Stephen III (1337 – 26 September 1413), called the Magnificent or the Fop (Stephan der Kneißl), was the Duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt from 1375.

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Stephen of Anjou

Stephen (István; 20 August 1332 – 9 August 1354) was a Hungarian royal prince of the Capetian House of Anjou.

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Stephen, Count Palatine of Simmern-Zweibrücken

Stephen of Simmern-Zweibrücken (Stefan Pfalzgraf von Simmern-Zweibrücken) (23 June 1385 – 14 February 1459, Simmern) was Count Palatine of Simmern and Zweibrücken from 1410 until his death in 1459.

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Strasbourg massacre

The Strasbourg massacre occurred on February 14, 1349, when several hundred Jews were publicly burnt to death, and the rest of them expelled from the city as part of the Black Death persecutions.

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Straubing

Straubing is an independent city in Lower Bavaria, southern Germany.

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Stuttgart

Stuttgart (Swabian: italics,; names in other languages) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden-Württemberg.

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Swabia

Swabia (Schwaben, colloquially Schwabenland or Ländle; in English also archaic Suabia or Svebia) is a cultural, historic and linguistic region in southwestern Germany.

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Swabian League of Cities

The Swabian League of Cities (German: Schwäbischer Städtebund) was a primarily military alliance between a number of free imperial cities in and around the area now defined as south-western Germany.

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Taxation of the Jews in Europe

Taxation of the Jews in Europe refers to taxes imposed specifically on Jewish people in Europe, in addition to the taxes levied on the general population.

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Teutonic Order

The Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem (official names: Ordo domus Sanctæ Mariæ Theutonicorum Hierosolymitanorum, Orden der Brüder vom Deutschen Haus der Heiligen Maria in Jerusalem), commonly the Teutonic Order (Deutscher Orden, Deutschherrenorden or Deutschritterorden), is a Catholic religious order founded as a military order c. 1190 in Acre, Kingdom of Jerusalem.

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The Name of the Rose

The Name of the Rose (Il nome della rosa) is the 1980 debut novel by Italian author Umberto Eco.

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Thierhaupten Abbey

Thierhaupten Abbey (Kloster Thierhaupten) was a Benedictine monastery in Thierhaupten near the Lech River and near Augsburg in Bavaria, Germany.

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Timeline of Aachen

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Aachen, Germany.

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Timeline of Slovenian history

This is a timeline of Slovenian history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Slovenia and its predecessor states.

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Timeline of the Hundred Years' War

This is a timeline of the Hundred Years' War between England and France from 1337 to 1453 as well as some of the events leading up to the war.

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Tittmoning

Tittmoning is a town in the district of Traunstein, in Bavaria, Germany.

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Traversari

The Traversari (or domus Traversariorum, according to medieval chroniclers) are a noble Italian family.

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Treaty of Namslau

The Treaty of Namslau or Namysłów, also known as the Peace of Namslau, was a peace treaty between King Charles IV of Bohemia and King Casimir III of Poland.

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Treaty of Pavia (1329)

The Treaty of Pavia which divided the House of Wittelsbach into two branches, was signed in Pavia in 1329.

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Triefenstein

Markt Triefenstein is a market community in the Main-Spessart district in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) in Bavaria, Germany.

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Ubertino of Casale

Ubertino of Casale (1259 – c. 1329) was an Italian Franciscan and one of the leaders (together with Michael of Cesena) of the Spirituals, the stricter branch of the Franciscan order.

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Ulrich II, Lord of Hanau

Ulrich II, Lord of Hanau (– 23 September 1346) was Lord of Hanau from 1305/1306 until his death.

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Ulrich III, Count of Württemberg

Ulrich III (after 1286 – 11 July 1344) Count of Württemberg from 1325 until 1344.

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Upper Lusatia

Upper Lusatia (Oberlausitz; Hornja Łužica; Górna Łužyca; Łużyce Górne or Milsko; Horní Lužice) is a historical region in Germany and Poland.

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Valdemar IV of Denmark

Valdemar IV Atterdag (the epithet meaning "A New Dawn"), or Waldemar (132024 October 1375; Valdemar Atterdag), was King of Denmark from 1340 to 1375.

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Wachenheim

Wachenheim an der Weinstraße (formerly called Wachenheim im Speyergau) is a small town in the Bad Dürkheim district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, roughly 1 km south of Bad Dürkheim and 20 km west of Ludwigshafen.

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Waldemar, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal

Waldemar the Great (Waldemar der Große; – 14 August 1319), a member of the House of Ascania, was Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal from 1308 until his death.

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War of Metz

The War of Metz or Four Lords' War was a feudal conflict which devastated the region around Metz between 1324 and 1326.

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War of the Bucket

The War of the Bucket or the War of the Oaken Bucket was fought in 1325, between the rival city-states of Bologna and Modena.

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Wartislaw IV, Duke of Pomerania

Wartislaw IV or Vartislav IV (before 1290 – 1 August 1326) was Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast from 1309 until his death.

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Wartislaw IX, Duke of Pomerania

Duke Wartislaw IX of Pomerania-Wolgast (c. 1400 – 17 April 1457, Wolgast) was the eldest son of the Duke Barnim VI, Duke of Pomerania and Veronica (dynasty of Griffins).

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Wedel family

Wedel (or Wedell) is an old German noble family, from Stormarn in what is now Schleswig-Holstein.

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Wiesbaden

Wiesbaden is a city in central western Germany and the capital of the federal state of Hesse.

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Wiesbaden-Sonnenberg

Sonnenberg is a borough of Wiesbaden, the capital of the state of Hesse, Germany.

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William I, Count of Hainaut

William I, Count of Hainaut (– 7 June 1337), was Count William III of Avesnes, Count William III of Holland and Count William II of Zeeland from 1304 to his death.

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William I, Duke of Bavaria

William I, Duke of Bavaria-Straubing (Frankfurt am Main, 12 May 1330 – 15 April 1389, Le Quesnoy), was the second son of the emperor Louis IV the Bavarian from his second wife Margaret of Holland and Hainaut.

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William I, Margrave of Meissen

William I, the one-eyed, (19 December 1343, Dresden – 9 February 1407, Schloss Grimma) was Margrave of Meissen.

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William II, Count of Hainaut

William II, Count of Hainaut (1307 – 26 September 1345) was William IV of Avesnes, William IV of Holland and William III of Zeeland from 1337 to his death, succeeding his father, William I. He married Joanna, Duchess of Brabant and Limburg in 1334, but had no issue.

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William II, Duke of Bavaria

Duke William II of Bavaria-Straubing KG (5 April 1365—31 May 1417) was also count William IV of Holland, count William VI of Hainaut and count William V of Zeeland.

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William II, Margrave of Meissen

Wilhelm II, the Rich (23 April 1371 – 13 March 1425) was the second son of Margrave Frederick ''the Strict'' of Meissen and Catherine of Henneberg.

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William III, Landgrave of Thuringia

William III (30 April 1425 – 17 September 1482), called the Brave (in German Wilhelm der Tapfere), was landgrave of Thuringia (from 1445) and claimant duke of Luxemburg (from 1457).

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William of Ockham

William of Ockham (also Occam, from Gulielmus Occamus; 1287 – 1347) was an English Franciscan friar and scholastic philosopher and theologian, who is believed to have been born in Ockham, a small village in Surrey.

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William V, Duke of Jülich

William V, Duke of Jülich (– 25/26 February 1361) was a German nobleman.

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Wunsiedel

Wunsiedel is the seat of the Upper Franconian district of Wunsiedel in northeast Bavaria, Germany.

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Zwingenberg, Hesse

Zwingenberg lies in the Bergstraße district in southern Hesse, Germany, south of Frankfurt and Darmstadt, and with the granting of town rights coming in 1274 it is the oldest town on the Hessian Bergstraße.

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1280s

The 1280s is the decade starting January 1, 1280 and ending December 31, 1289.

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1282

Year 1282 (MCCLXXXII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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1310s

The 1310s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1310, and ended on December 31, 1319.

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1313

Year 1313 (MCCCXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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1314

Year 1314 (MCCCXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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1320s in England

Events from the 1320s in England.

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1326

Year 1326 (MCCCXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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1329

Year 1329 (MCCCXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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1330s in England

Events from the 1330s in England.

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1335

Year 1335 (MCCCXXXV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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1338

Year 1338 (MCCCXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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1340s

The 1340s were a Julian calendar decade in the 14th century, in the midst of a period in world history often referred to as the Late Middle Ages in the Old World and the pre-Columbian era in the New World.

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1345

Year 1345 (MCCCXLV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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1346

Year 1346 (MCCCXLVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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1347

Year 1347 (MCCCXLVII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar, and a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Proleptic Gregorian calendar.

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Redirects here:

Emperor Louis IV, Emperor Louis the Bavarian, Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV, Holy Roman emperor Louis IV, Lewis of Bavaria, Lewis the Bavarian, Louis IV (HRR), Louis IV of Bavaria, Louis IV the Bavarian, Louis V of Germany, Louis the Bavarian, Ludwig IV (HRR), Ludwig IV der Baier, Ludwig IV the Bavarian, Ludwig IV, Holy Roman Emperor, Ludwig the Bavarian, Schism of Louis of Bavaria, Schism of Louis the Bavarian.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor

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