Maternal death

Maternal death or maternal mortality is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as "the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy, from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management but not from accidental or incidental causes." There are two performance indicators that are sometimes used interchangeably: maternal mortality ratio and maternal mortality rate, which confusingly both are abbreviated "MMR". ^[1]

Abdominal pregnancy

An abdominal pregnancy can be regarded as a form of an ectopic pregnancy where the embryo or fetus is growing and developing outside the womb in the abdomen, but not in the Fallopian tube, ovary or broad ligament.

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Abortion

Abortion is the ending of pregnancy by removing an embryo or fetus before it can survive outside the uterus.

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Abortion debate

The abortion debate is the ongoing controversy surrounding the moral, legal, and religious status of induced abortion.

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Abortion in Algeria

Abortion in Algeria is only legal if the abortion will save the woman's life or if the pregnancy gravely endangers the woman's physical or mental health.

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Abortion in Armenia

Abortion in Armenia is legal on request up to 12 weeks of pregnancy, and in special circumstances between 12 weeks and 22 weeks.

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Abortion in Bangladesh

Abortion in Bangladesh is illegal under most situations, but menstrual regulation is often used as a substitute.

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Abortion in Botswana

Abortion in Botswana is only legal if the abortion will save the woman's life, if the pregnancy gravely endangers the woman's physical or mental health, or if it is a result of rape or incest.

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Abortion in Chile

Abortion in Chile is legal in the following cases: when the mother's life is at risk, when the fetus will not survive the pregnancy, and in the case of rape during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy (14 weeks, if the woman is under 14 years old).

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Abortion in Croatia

Abortion in Croatia has been a regulated medical operation since 1952, subject to various restrictions.

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Abortion in El Salvador

Abortion in El Salvador is illegal.

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Abortion in Monaco

Abortion in Monaco is only allowed in cases of rape, fetal deformity, illness, or fatal danger to the mother.

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Abortion in Nigeria

Abortion is a controversial topic in Nigeria.

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Abortion in the Dominican Republic

Abortion in the Dominican Republic is completely illegal.

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Abortion in the Philippines

Abortion in the Philippines is mostly illegal, or banned by law.

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Abortion in the United States

Abortion in the United States has been, and remains, a controversial issue in United States culture and politics.

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Abortion in Uganda

Abortion in Uganda is illegal unless performed by a doctor who believes pregnancy places the woman's life at risk.

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Abortion in Zimbabwe

Abortion in Zimbabwe is available under limited circumstances.

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Abortion law

Abortion law permits, prohibits, restricts, or otherwise regulates the availability of abortion.

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Action for Global Health

Action for Global Health Action for Global Health was formed by 15 non-governmental organisations and charities in 2006.

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Afghanistan

Afghanistan (Pashto/Dari:, Pashto: Afġānistān, Dari: Afġānestān), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located within South Asia and Central Asia.

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Afghanistan Midwifery Project

The Afghanistan Midwifery Project (AMP) is a non-profit organization that is dedicated to helping the women of Afghanistan through childbirth, and other women's health issues.

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Allari Premikudu

Allari Premikudu (Naughty Lover) is a 1994 Telugu musical romantic dramedy film produced by Suresh & Satyanand on Sri Satya Durga Arts banner and directed by K. Raghavendra Rao.

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Amannisa Khan

Āmānnisā Khan Nāfisi, also known as Amanni Shahan (ئاماننىسا خان;, 1526-1560) was a concubine of Abdurashit Khan or Abdurashid Khan of the Yerqiang (Yarkand) kingdom.

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Amici del Mondo World Friends Onlus

Amici del Mondo World Friends Onlus is an independent Italian non-profit association of social utility for international cooperationWorld Friends is a Non-Governmental Organization recognized by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs by Law no.

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Angel Gang

The Angel Gang is a fictional group of villains appearing within the Judge Dredd comic strip in the weekly comic book 2000 AD.

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Annunciation Monastery (Tolyatti)

The Annunciation Monastery (Благовещенский скит) is a church complex in the village of Fedorovka in the urban district of Tolyatti in Samara Oblast in Russia.

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Arley Munson Hare

Arley Isabel Munson Hare, MD (1871-c. 1941) was an American physician, surgeon, author, and lecturer.

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Australian Doctors International

Founded in 2000, ADI's goal is to improve the health of people in remote and rural areas of Papua New Guinea.

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Badakhshan Province

Badakhshan Province (بدخشان ولایت Badaxšān wilāyat and Velâyat-e Badakhšân) is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the farthest northeastern part of the country between Tajikistan and northern Pakistan.

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Bakri balloon

The Bakri® Balloon is a medical device invented by Dr.

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Bean nighe

The bean nighe (Scottish Gaelic for "washerwoman" or "laundress") is a female spirit in Scottish folklore, regarded as an omen of death and a messenger from the Otherworld.

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Benin

Benin (Bénin), officially the Republic of Benin (République du Bénin) and formerly Dahomey, is a country in West Africa.

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Berachah Industrial Home for the Redemption of Erring Girls

The Berachah Industrial Home for the Redemption of Erring Girls was a facility for unwed mothers in Arlington, Texas.

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Birth control

Birth control, also known as contraception and fertility control, is a method or device used to prevent pregnancy.

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Birth control in Africa

Most of the countries with the lowest rates of contraceptive use; highest maternal, infant, and child mortality rates; and highest fertility rates are in Africa.

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Birth spacing

Birth spacing, pregnancy spacing, or inter-pregnancy interval refers to how soon after a prior pregnancy a woman becomes pregnant or gives birth again.

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Broad Progressive Front (Argentina)

The Broad Progressive Front (Frente Amplio Progresista, FAP) was a centre-left coalition in Argentina, created in 2011, integrated of progressive and social democratic political parties focusing on an advanced and transparent welfare state.

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Cat Royal

Cat Royal (also known as Cat Royal Adventures) is a series of 7 historical fiction adventure books by Julia Golding, a British novelist.

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Catherine of Siena

Saint Catherine of Siena (25 March 1347 in Siena – 29 April 1380 in Rome), was a tertiary of the Dominican Order and a Scholastic philosopher and theologian who had a great influence on the Catholic Church.

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Catherine of Valois

Catherine of Valois (27 October 1401 – 3 January 1437) was the queen consort of England from 1420 until 1422.

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Cecilia Mettler

Cecilia Charlotte Asper Mettler was a medical historian.

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Central African Republic

The Central African Republic (CAR; Sango: Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka; République centrafricaine, or Centrafrique) is a landlocked country in Central Africa.

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Charlotte Douglas (physician)

Charlotte Ann Douglas OBE FRCOG (29 December 1894 – 27 August 1979) was a Scottish physician, Senior Medical Officer for Scotland and campaigner for the progressive improvement of maternity services in Scotland.

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Child marriage in Afghanistan

According to UNICEF, child marriage is the "formal marriage or informal union before age 18," and it affects more girls than boys.

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Childbirth

Childbirth, also known as labour and delivery, is the ending of a pregnancy by one or more babies leaving a woman's uterus by vaginal passage or C-section.

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Childbirth in India

Childbirth practices in India are shaped by the prevalence of Hinduism and joint-family living, India's young average population, the lower national average age at marriage, and disparities in social status and literacy between men and women.

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Childbirth in rural Appalachia

Childbirth in rural Appalachia has long been a subject of concern.

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Christy Turlington

Christy Nicole Turlington Burns (born January 2, 1969) is an American model, charity-founder and campaigner, and filmmaker.

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Clinical officer

A clinical officer (CO) is a gazetted officer who provides medical care and treatment.

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Community health worker

Community health worker (CHW) are members of a community who are chosen by community members or organizations to provide basic health and medical care to their community capable of providing preventive, promotional and rehabilitation care to these communities.

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Complications of pregnancy

Complications of pregnancy are health problems that are caused by pregnancy.

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Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths in the UK

The Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths (CEMD) is a national programme investigating maternal deaths in the UK and Ireland.

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Congressional Commission on Science and Technology and Engineering

The Congressional Commission on Science and Technology and Engineering (COMSTE) was created by a joint resolution of the 13th Congress to create, amend, or repeal laws and propose budgets that will make the Philippines competitive in science and technology.

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Crisis in Venezuela (2012–present)

The crisis in Venezuela is the socioeconomic and political crisis that Venezuela has been experiencing since 2012 under the presidency of Hugo Chávez and which has continued into the current presidency of Nicolás Maduro.

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Damage to infrastructure in the 2010 Haiti earthquake

Damage to infrastructure in the 2010 Haiti earthquake was extensive and affected areas included Port-au-Prince, Petit-Goâve, Léogâne, Jacmel and other settlements in southwestern Haiti.

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Dan Green (voice actor)

Dan Green (born James Hadley Snyder February 16, 1971) is an American voice actor, voice director and script adapter who has worked for 4Kids Entertainment, DuArt Film and Video, NYAV Post, and Central Park Media.

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Dead Men's Path

Dead Men's Path is a short story by the Nigerian writer Chinua Achebe, first published in 1953.

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Deepak Foundation

Deepak Foundation is a non-profit NGO (Non-Government Organization).

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Democratic Republic of the Congo

The Democratic Republic of the Congo (République démocratique du Congo), also known as DR Congo, the DRC, Congo-Kinshasa or simply the Congo, is a country located in Central Africa.

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Democrats for Life of America

Democrats for Life of America (DFLA) is a 501(c)(4) American political advocacy nonprofit organization that seeks to elect pro-life Democrats and to encourage the Democratic Party to oppose euthanasia, capital punishment and abortion.

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Demographic and Health Surveys

The Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) Program is responsible for collecting and disseminating accurate, nationally representative data on health and population in developing countries.

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Demographics of Africa

The population of Africa has grown rapidly over the past century, and consequently shows a large youth bulge, further reinforced by a low life expectancy of below 50 years in some African countries.

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Diseases of poverty

Diseases of poverty is a term sometimes used to collectively describe diseases, disabilities, and health conditions that are more prevalent among the poor than among wealthier people.

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East Java gubernatorial election, 2018

The 2018 East Java gubernatorial election took place on 27 June 2018 as part of the simultaneous local elections.

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Edenburg, Saskatchewan

Edenburg is an unincorporated community located 4 miles northwest of the town of Aberdeen, Saskatchewan in Canada.

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Effects of global warming on human health

The effects of global warming include its effects on human health.

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Elizabeth Nyamayaro

Elizabeth Nyamayaro is a political scientist and senior advisor to Under-Secretary-General and Executive Director for UN Women.

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Ellie (The Last of Us)

Ellie is a fictional character in the 2013 video game The Last of Us, and the main protagonist of the upcoming video game The Last of Us Part II.

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Endometritis

Endometritis is inflammation of the endometrium, the inner lining of the uterus.

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Ergometrine

Ergometrine also known as ergonovine, is a medication used to cause contractions of the uterus to treat heavy vaginal bleeding after childbirth.

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Eudokia Baïana

Eudokia Baïana (Greek: Ευδοκία Βαϊανή; died 12 April 901) was a Byzantine Empress consort as the third wife of Leo VI the Wise.

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Family planning

Family planning services are defined as "educational, comprehensive medical or social activities which enable individuals, including minors, to determine freely the number and spacing of their children and to select the means by which this may be achieved".

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Female empowerment in Nigeria

Female empowerment in Nigeria is an economic process that involves empowering Nigerian women as a poverty reduction measure.

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Female genital mutilation in Nigeria

Female genital cutting (also known as female genital mutilation) in Nigeria accounts for the most female genital cutting/mutilation (FGM/C) cases worldwide.

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Food security in Mexico

Mexico has sought to ensure food security through its history.

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Franks Site

The Franks Site is a large archaeological site in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Ohio.

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Fred T. Sai

Frederick Torgbor Sai (born 27 June 1924) is a Ghanaian academic and family health physician who co-founded the Planned Parenthood Association of Ghana in 1967.

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Gabon

Gabon, officially the Gabonese Republic (République gabonaise), is a sovereign state on the west coast of Central Africa.

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Gender disparities in health

WHO has defined health as "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity." Identified by the 2012 World Development Report as one of two key human capital endowments, health can influence an individual’s ability to reach his or her full potential in society.

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Gender equality

Gender equality, also known as sexual equality, is the state of equal ease of access to resources and opportunities regardless of gender, including economic participation and decision-making; and the state of valuing different behaviors, aspirations and needs equally, regardless of gender.

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Gender inequality in Bolivia

Although the Constitution of Bolivia guarantees equal rights for women and men, women in Bolivia face struggles and discrimination in several aspects of their lives.

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Gender inequality in Egypt

Traditional gender roles in Egypt are prevalent and clearly defined.

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Gender inequality in El Salvador

Gender inequality can be found in various areas of Salvadoran life such as employment, health, education, political participation, and family life.

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Gender inequality in Honduras

Gender inequality in Honduras has been less marked since the 1980s with a better quality of life for many, especially women.

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Gender inequality in Liberia

The extent of gender inequalities varies throughout Liberia in regard to status, region, rural/urban areas, and traditional cultures.

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Gender inequality in Nepal

Gender inequality in Nepal refers to disparities and inequalities between men and women in Nepal, a landlocked country in South Asia.

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Gender inequality in Sudan

Sudan is a developing nation that faces many challenges in regard to gender inequality.

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Gender inequality in Thailand

The social and economic changes in Thailand in the past decades have important implications for the quality and quantity of labor.

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Gender inequality in Tonga

Gender equality issues are becoming of increasing importance internationally, and in order to bridge gaps in the equality of men versus women, a thorough understanding of differing culture, gender norms, and the legal framework of a country is necessary to give policy suggestions that will decrease the discrimination women everywhere face.

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Geoffrey Chamberlain

Geoffrey Victor Price Chamberlain (21 April 1930 - October 2014) was a professor and academic head of department of obstetrics and gynaecology at St George's Hospital, London, editor in chief of the British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and president of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG).

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Ghana

Ghana, officially the Republic of Ghana, is a unitary presidential constitutional democracy, located along the Gulf of Guinea and Atlantic Ocean, in the subregion of West Africa.

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Girl

A girl is a young female human, usually a child or an adolescent.

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Global health

Global health is the health of populations in the global context; it has been defined as "the area of study, research and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in health for all people worldwide".

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Goddess

A goddess is a female deity.

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Guinea-Bissau

Guinea-Bissau, officially the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (República da Guiné-Bissau), is a sovereign state in West Africa.

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Half the Sky

Half the Sky: Turning Oppression into Opportunity for Women Worldwide is a nonfiction book by Nicholas Kristof and Sheryl WuDunn published by Knopf in September 2009.

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Half the Sky movement

The Half the Sky Movement is inspired by Nicholas Kristof and Sheryl WuDunn's best-selling book Half the Sky: Turning Oppression into Opportunity for Women Worldwide.

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Hammerwood Park

Hammerwood Park is a country house situated in Hammerwood (near East Grinstead, East Sussex, England).

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Health equity

Health equity refers to the study and causes of differences in the quality of health and healthcare across different populations.

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Health in Afghanistan

Health in Afghanistan is unsatisfactory but slowly improving.

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Health in Bhutan

Health in Bhutan is one of the government's highest priorities in its scheme of development and modernization.

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Health in Cambodia

The quality of health in Cambodia is rising along with its growing economy.

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Health in Equatorial Guinea

The national health system of Equatorial Guinea consists of four levels: health posts in each village of 600 people, dispensaries in health centers with a qualified nurse at the intermediate level, district level hospitals, and two referral hospitals at the most centralized level.

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Health in India

The Constitution of India makes health in India the responsibility of the state governments, rather than the central federal government.

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Health in Iraq

Iraq is belonging to WHO health region Eastern Mediterranean and classified as upper middle according to World Bank income classification 2013.

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Health in Mozambique

Health in Mozambique has a complex history, influenced by the social, economic, and political changes that the country has experienced.

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Health in Nepal

Health care services in Nepal are provided by the public and private sector and generally do not reach the benchmark of international standards.

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Health in Sierra Leone

In terms of available healthcare and health status Sierra Leone is rated very poorly.

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Health in South Africa

Health in South Africa.

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Health in South Sudan

The Republic of South Sudan is the world's youngest nation.

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Health indicator

Health indicators are quantifiable characteristics of a population which researchers use as supporting evidence for describing the health of a population.

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Health Oriented Preventive Education

Health Oriented Preventive Education (HOPE) is a Pakistan NGO which provides the poor with service in the sectors of health and education, particularly focusing on women and children.

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Health policy

Health policy can be defined as the "decisions, plans, and actions that are undertaken to achieve specific healthcare goals within a society".

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Healthcare in Canada

Healthcare in Canada is delivered through thirteen provincial and territorial systems of publicly funded health care, informally called Medicare.

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Healthcare in Estonia

Healthcare in Estonia is supervised by the Ministry of Social Affairs and funded by general taxation through the National Health Service.

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Healthcare in Finland

Health care in Finland consists of a highly decentralized three-level publicly-funded healthcare system and a much smaller private sector.

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Healthcare in Iraq

Iraq had developed a centralized free healthcare system in the 1970s using a hospital based, capital-intensive model of curative care.

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Healthcare in Senegal

Healthcare in Senegal is a center topic of discourse in understanding the wellbeing and vitality of the Senegalese people.

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Healthcare in Tanzania

Tanzania has a hierarchical health system which is in tandem with the political administrative hierarchy.

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High-altitude adaptation in humans

High-altitude adaptation in humans is an instance of evolutionary modification in certain human populations, including those of Tibet in Asia, the Andes of the Americas, and Ethiopia in Africa, who have acquired the ability to survive at extremely high altitudes.

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Himari Noihara

or Himari for short, is a fictional character in the manga series Omamori Himari, created by Milan Matra.

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History of early childhood care and education

The History of early childhood care and education (ECCE) refers to the development of care and education of children between zero and eight years old throughout history.

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History of wound care

The history of wound care spans from prehistory to modern medicine.

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Human

Humans (taxonomically Homo sapiens) are the only extant members of the subtribe Hominina.

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Hypercoagulability in pregnancy

Hypercoagulability in pregnancy is the propensity of pregnant women to develop thrombosis (blood clots).

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Hypertension

Hypertension (HTN or HT), also known as high blood pressure (HBP), is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated.

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Ibrahim Index of African Governance

The Ibrahim Index of African Governance (IIAG), established in 2007, provides an annual assessment of the quality of governance in African countries.

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ICD-10 Chapter XV: Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium

ICD-10 is an international statistical classification used in health care and related industries.

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Ina May Gaskin

Ina May Gaskin, CPM, (born March 8th, 1940).

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International Conference on Population and Development

The United Nations coordinated an International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) in Cairo, Egypt, on 5–13 September 1994.

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International Decision Support Initiative

The International Decision Support Initiative (iDSI) is a partnership between governments, universities, and thinktanks that helps health policy makers make better decisions.

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International development

International development or global development is a wide concept concerning level of development on an international scale.

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International rankings of Iran

The following are international rankings for Iran.

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Interstitial pregnancy

An interstitial pregnancy is a uterine but ectopic pregnancy; the pregnancy is located outside the uterine cavity in that part of the fallopian tube that penetrates the muscular layer of the uterus.

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Iori Yagami

is a character from SNK's The King of Fighters video game series who first appeared in The King of Fighters '95 as the leader of the Rivals Team.

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Irvine Loudon

Irvine Loudon (1 August 1924 – 7 January 2015) was a British doctor and a medical historian on childbirth fever and maternal mortality.

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Isabelo de los Reyes

Isabelo de los Reyes y Florentino, also known as Don Belong (July 7, 1864 – October 10, 1938), was a prominent Filipino politician, writer and labor activist in the 19th and 20th centuries.

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Ismail Marzuki

Ismail Marzuki (also known as Bang Ma'ing; 11 May 1914 – 25 May 1958) was an Indonesian composer, songwriter and musician who wrote around 202 to 240 songs between 1931 and 1958, including numerous popular patriotic songs.

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Ivory Coast

Ivory Coast, also known as Côte d'Ivoire and officially as the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a sovereign state located in West Africa.

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Jane McDougal

Jane McDougal (1824–1862) was First Lady of California, wife of John McDougal, Governor from 1851 to 1852.

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Jo Cox

Helen Joanne Cox (22 June 1974 – 16 June 2016) was a British Labour Party politician who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for the Batley and Spen constituency from her election in May 2015 until her murder in June 2016.

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Joe Arpaio

Joseph Michael Arpaio (born June 14, 1932) is an American former law enforcement officer and politician.

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Johns Hopkins University Center for Communication Programs

The Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs (CCP) was founded over 30 years ago by Phyllis Tilson Piotrow as a part the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health's department of Health, Behavior, and Society and is located in Baltimore, Maryland, United States.

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Kanhu Charan Mohanty

Kanhu Charan Mohanty (11 August 1906 – 6 April 1994) was an Indian Odia language novelist who has authored fifty-six novels in a career spanning over six decades from 1930 to 1985.

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Kate Garvey

Kate Garvey is an English public relations executive and a former aide to British prime minister Tony Blair. She is married to Wikipedia co-founder Jimmy Wales.

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Kenya

Kenya, officially the Republic of Kenya, is a country in Africa with its capital and largest city in Nairobi.

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Kevin Baldeosingh

Kevin Baldeosingh (born 1963) is a Trinidadian newspaper columnist, author and Humanist, who has been involved in many controversial social issues, especially in respect to religious issues.

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Kudumbashree

Kudumbashree is the women empowerment and poverty eradication program, framed and enforced by the State Poverty Eradication Mission (SPEM) of the Government of Kerala.

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Lady Jane Grey

Lady Jane Grey (Her exact date of birth is uncertain; many historians agree on the long-held estimate of 1537 while others set it in the later half of 1536 based on newer research. – 12 February 1554), known also as Lady Jane Dudley (after her marriage) and as "the Nine Days' Queen", was an English noblewoman and de facto Queen of England and Ireland from 10 July until 19 July 1553.

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Liberia

Liberia, officially the Republic of Liberia, is a country on the West African coast.

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Lie Kim Hok

Lie Kim Hok (1 November 1853 – 6 May 1912) was a ''peranakan'' Chinese teacher, writer, and social worker active in the Dutch East Indies and styled the "father of Chinese Malay literature".

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Life expectancy

Life expectancy is a statistical measure of the average time an organism is expected to live, based on the year of its birth, its current age and other demographic factors including gender.

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List of causes of death by rate

The following is a list of the causes of human deaths worldwide for the year 2002, arranged by their associated mortality rates.

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List of Clannad characters

This is a list of characters from the visual novel, manga, and anime series Clannad.

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List of Clannad episodes

The Clannad animated television series is based on the visual novel Clannad by the Japanese visual novel brand Key.

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List of complications of pregnancy

Obstetric complications are those complications that develop during pregnancy.

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List of Indonesian inventions and discoveries

This list of Indonesian inventions and discoveries details the indigenous arts and techniques, cultural inventions, scientific discoveries and contributions of the people of Indonesian archipelago — both ancient and modern state of Indonesia.

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List of MeSH codes (E05)

The following is a list of the "E" codes for MeSH.

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List of MeSH codes (G03)

The following is a list of the "G" codes for MeSH.

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List of MeSH codes (L01)

The following is a list of the "L" codes for MeSH.

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List of MeSH codes (N01)

The following is a list of the "N" codes for MeSH.

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List of physicians

This is a list of famous physicians in history.

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List of Roman birth and childhood deities

In ancient Roman religion, birth and childhood deities were thought to care for every aspect of conception, pregnancy, childbirth, and child development.

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List of top international rankings by country

This list of top international rankings by country includes global-scale lists of countries with rankings (this list only contains sovereign states), sorted by country that is placed top or bottom in the respective ranking.

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List of Warriors characters

The Warriors novel series is written by Erin Hunter.

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List of women who died in childbirth

This is a list of notable women, either famous themselves or closely associated with someone well known, who suffered maternal death as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO): Note that this wording includes abortion, miscarriage, stillbirth, and ectopic pregnancy.

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Live birth (human)

In human reproduction, a live birth occurs when a fetus, whatever its gestational age, exits the maternal body and subsequently shows any sign of life, such as voluntary movement, heartbeat, or pulsation of the umbilical cord, for however brief a time and regardless of whether the umbilical cord or placenta are intact.

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Louise N'Jie

Louise Antoinette N'Jie (23 January 1922 – 22 May 2014) was a Gambian teacher, feminist and politician who was the first woman to serve as a cabinet minister in Gambia.

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Luísa Diogo

Luísa Dias Diogo (born 11 April 1958) was Prime Minister of Mozambique from February 2004 to January 2010.

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Lula, Son of Brazil

Lula, Son of Brazil (Lula: O Filho do Brasil) is a 2009 biographical Brazilian film based on the early life of former Brazilian president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.

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Lyantonde District

Lyantonde District is a district in southern Central Uganda.

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Maharashtra

Maharashtra (abbr. MH) is a state in the western region of India and is India's second-most populous state and third-largest state by area.

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Malawi

Malawi (or; or maláwi), officially the Republic of Malawi, is a landlocked country in southeast Africa that was formerly known as Nyasaland.

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Mali Health

Mali Health, established in 2006, is a non-governmental organization with 501(c)(3) status that strives to empower impoverished peri-urban communities in Mali, Africa to transform maternal and child health sustainably.

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Mamie Cadden

Mary Anne "Mamie" Cadden (27 October 1891 – 20 April 1959) was an Irish midwife, backstreet abortionist, and convicted murderer.

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Manav Vikas Mission

Manav Vikas Mission (मानव विकास मिशन) (translation: Human Development Mission) is an initiative of the Government of Maharashtra to increase Human Development Index of backward districts of Maharashtra, India.

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María Clara

María Clara, whose full name is María Clara de los Santos, is the mestiza heroine in Noli Me Tángere, a novel by José Rizal, the national hero of the Republic of the Philippines.

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Masimo

Masimo is an American manufacturer of noninvasive patient monitoring technologies based in Irvine, California.

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Maternal and child health in Tanzania

Both maternal and child health are interdependent and substantially contributing to high burden of mortality worldwide.

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Maternal health

Maternal health is the health of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period.

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Maternal health in Angola

Maternal health in Angola is a very complicated issue.

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Maternal health in Ethiopia

Sustainable Development Goals is a post Millennium Development Goal agenda by experts in the world which will be implemented within the next 15 years until 2030.It has seventeen goals and 169 targets as a whole where SDG 3 deal with ensuring health lives and promote well-being for all at all ages.

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Maternal healthcare in Texas

Maternal healthcare in Texas refers to the provision of family planning services, abortion options, pregnancy-related services, and physical and mental well-being care for women during the prenatal and postpartum periods.

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Maternal Mortality and Morbidity Task Force

The Maternal Mortality and Morbidity Task Force was started by the Department of State in 2013 to help reduce maternal death in Texas.

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Maternal mortality in fiction

Maternal death in fiction is a common theme encountered in literature, movies, and other media.

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Maternal mortality in the United States

Maternal mortality refers to the rate in which mothers die from pregnancy-related causes.

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Maternal Mortality Ratio

The Maternal Mortality Ratio is a key performance indicator for efforts to improve the health and safety of mothers before, during, and after childbirth per country worldwide.

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Maternal near miss

A maternal near miss (MNM) is an event in which a pregnant woman comes close to maternal death, but does not die – a "near-miss".

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Maternal–fetal medicine

Maternal–fetal medicine (MFM) (also known as perinatology) is a branch of medicine that focuses on managing health concerns of the mother and fetus prior to, during, and shortly after pregnancy.

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Matthew Logelin

Matthew Logelin is an American author, blogger, public speaker, and charity founder.

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Medical statistics

Medical statistics deals with applications of statistics to medicine and the health sciences, including epidemiology, public health, forensic medicine, and clinical research.

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Michael Dillon

Laurence Michael Dillon was a British physician and the first trans man to undergo phalloplasty.

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Millennium Development Goals

The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were the eight international development goals for the year 2015 that had been established following the Millennium Summit of the United Nations in 2000, following the adoption of the United Nations Millennium Declaration.

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Million Death Study

The Million Death Study (MDS) is an ongoing human premature mortality study conducted in India.

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Moldova

Moldova (or sometimes), officially the Republic of Moldova (Republica Moldova), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north, east, and south (by way of the disputed territory of Transnistria).

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Mortality rate

Mortality rate, or death rate, is a measure of the number of deaths (in general, or due to a specific cause) in a particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of time.

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Mother

A mother is the female parent of a child.

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Mother and Child (2009 film)

Mother and Child is a drama directed and written by Rodrigo García.

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Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys

The Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) are household surveys implemented by countries under the programme developed by the United Nations Children's Fund to provide internationally comparable, statistically rigorous data on the situation of children and women.

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Murder of Jo Cox

On 16 June 2016, Jo Cox, the British Labour Party Member of Parliament for Batley and Spen, died after being shot and stabbed multiple times in Birstall, West Yorkshire.

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Muskoka Initiative

The Muskoka Initiative on Maternal, Newborn and Child Health is a funding initiative announced at the 36th G8 summit which commits member nations to collectively spend an additional $5 billion between 2010 and 2015 to accelerate progress toward the achievement of Millennium Development Goals 4 and 5, the reduction of maternal, infant and child mortality in developing countries.

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Muthu (1995 film)

Muthu is a 1995 Indian Tamil-language romantic drama film directed by K. S. Ravikumar.

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Neonatal tetanus

Neonatal tetanus is a form of generalised tetanus that occurs in newborns.

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Never events

Never events are the "kind of mistake that should never happen" in the field of medical treatment.

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Niger

Niger, also called the Niger officially the Republic of the Niger, is a landlocked country in Western Africa named after the Niger River.

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Nigeria

Nigeria, officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria is a federal republic in West Africa, bordering Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in the north.

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No Woman, No Cry (film)

No Woman, No Cry is a 2010 documentary film about maternal death, directed by Christy Turlington.

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Noli Me Tángere (novel)

Noli Me Tángere (Latin for Don’t Touch Me) is a novel written by José Rizal, one of the national heroes of the Philippines, during the colonization of the country by Spain to describe perceived inequities of the Spanish Catholic priests and the ruling government.

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Oasis Hospital, Al Ain

Oasis Hospital is a hospital in Al Ain, United Arab Emirates, that was established in 1960 by the American missionary couple Drs.

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Obstetric transition

In reproductive health, obstetric transition is a concept around the secular trend of countries gradually shifting from a pattern of high maternal mortality to low maternal mortality, from direct obstetric causes of maternal mortality to indirect causes, aging of maternal population, and moving from the natural history of pregnancy and childbirth to institutionalization of maternity care, medicalization and over medicalization.

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Obstetrics

Obstetrics is the field of study concentrated on pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period.

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Obstructed labour

Obstructed labour, also known as labour dystocia, is when, even though the uterus is contracting normally, the baby does not exit the pelvis during childbirth due to being physically blocked.

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October Horse

In ancient Roman religion, the October Horse (Latin Equus October) was an animal sacrifice to Mars carried out on October 15, coinciding with the end of the agricultural and military campaigning season.

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Olivia Burges

Millicent Olivia Rawlins (née Burges; 19 September 1892 – 3 August 1930) was a British Scouting and Guiding advocate.

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Organisation of African First Ladies against HIV/AIDS

The Organisation of African First Ladies against HIV/AIDS (OAFLA) is a nongovernmental, not-for-profit organization founded in 2002 by 37 African first ladies.

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Outline of children

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to children: Children – biologically, a child (plural: children) is generally a human between the stages of birth and puberty.

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Outline of death

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to death: Death – termination of all biological functions that sustain a living organism.

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Pan's Labyrinth

Pan's Labyrinth (lit) is a 2006 dark fantasy drama film written and directed by Guillermo del Toro.

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Paul Hunt (academic)

Paul Hunt is a human rights scholar-activist who specialises in economic, social and cultural rights.

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Perinatal mortality

Perinatal mortality (PNM), also perinatal death, refers to the death of a fetus or neonate and is the basis to calculate the perinatal mortality rate.

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Placenta accreta

Placenta accreta occurs when all or part of the placenta attaches abnormally to the myometrium (the muscular layer of the uterine wall).

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Plymouth Colony

Plymouth Colony (sometimes New Plymouth) was an English colonial venture in North America from 1620 to 1691.

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Ponirah Terpidana

Ponirah Terpidana (literally Ponirah is Convicted) is a 1984 Indonesian drama film directed by Slamet Rahardjo.

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Pontianak (folklore)

The pontianak (Dutch-Indonesian spelling: boentianak, Jawi: ڤونتيانق) is a female vampiric ghost in Malay mythology.

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Posthumous birth

A posthumous birth is a birth of a child after the death of a biological parent.

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Postpartum infections

Postpartum infections, also known as childbed fever and puerperal fever, are any bacterial infections of the female reproductive tract following childbirth or miscarriage.

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Postterm pregnancy

Postterm pregnancy is the condition of a baby that has not yet been born after 42 weeks of gestation, two weeks beyond the normal 40.

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Poverty

Poverty is the scarcity or the lack of a certain (variant) amount of material possessions or money.

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Poverty reduction

Poverty reduction, or poverty alleviation, is a set of measures, both economic and humanitarian, that are intended to permanently lift people out of poverty.

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Premature rupture of membranes

Premature rupture of membranes (PROM), or pre-labor rupture of membranes, is a condition that can occur in pregnancy.

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Prenatal care

Prenatal care, also known as antenatal care, is a type of preventive healthcare.

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Prevalence of teenage pregnancy

Industrialized and developing countries have distinctly different rates of teenage pregnancy.

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Princess Margaret Hospital (Funafuti)

Princess Margaret Hospital (PMH) on Funafuti atoll in Tuvalu is the only hospital in the country, and the primary provider of medical services for all the islands of Tuvalu.

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Priscilla White (physician)

Priscilla White (March 17, 1900 – December 16, 1989) was a pioneer in the treatment of diabetes during pregnancy and type 1 diabetes, and was also a founding member of the Joslin Diabetes Center.

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Protection of Life During Pregnancy Act 2013

The Protection of Life During Pregnancy Act 2013 (An tAcht um Chosaint na Beatha le linn Toirchis 2013; Act No.35 of 2013; previously Bill No.66 of 2013) is an Act of the Oireachtas which defined the circumstances and processes within which abortion in Ireland could be legally performed.

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Public health system in India

The modern public health system in India evolved due to a number of influences from the past 70 years, including British influence from the colonial period.

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Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital

Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital is one of the oldest maternity hospitals in Europe, founded in 1739 in London.

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Rape statistics

Statistics on rape and other sexual assaults are commonly available in industrialized countries, and are becoming more common throughout the world.

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Ratanakiri Province

Ratanakiri, officially Ratanak Kiri (រតនគិរីAlternative spellings include រតនៈគិរី, រតនគីរី, and រតនៈគីរី.), is a province of northeast Cambodia.

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Rattan Chand

Dr.

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Reproductive health

Within the framework of the World Health Organization's (WHO) definition of health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, reproductive health, or sexual health/hygiene, addresses the reproductive processes, functions and system at all stages of life.

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Reproductive rights

Reproductive rights are legal rights and freedoms relating to reproduction and reproductive health that vary amongst countries around the world.

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Reproductive rights in Latin America

While feminist movements became prevalent in Europe and North America in the 1960s and 1970s, the women of Latin America were gathering to oppose dictatorships and civil wars.

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Republic of the Congo

The Republic of the Congo (République du Congo), also known as the Congo-Brazzaville, the Congo Republic or simply the Congo, is a country in Central Africa.

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Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York

Richard of York (also known as Richard Plantagenet), 3rd Duke of York KG (21 September 1411 – 30 December 1460), was a leading medieval English magnate, a great-grandson of King Edward III through his father, and a great-great-great-grandson of the same king through his mother.

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Risk factors for breast cancer

Risk factors for breast cancer may be divided into preventable and non-preventable.

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Rivers State

Rivers State, also known simply as Rivers, is one of the 36 states of Nigeria.

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Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool

Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool, (7 June 1770 – 4 December 1828) was a British statesman and Prime Minister (1812–27).

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Robin Lim

Robin Lim ("Mother Robin," or "Ibu Robin") is a midwife and founder of Yayasan Bumi Sehat (Healthy Mother Earth Foundation) health clinics, which offer free prenatal care, birthing services and medical aid to anyone who needs it.

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Salome Karwah

Salomé Karwah (– February 21, 2017) was a Liberian nurse who was named co-Person of the Year by Time magazine in 2014 for her efforts to combat the West African Ebola virus epidemic in Liberia.

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Save the Children State of the World's Mothers report

The Save the Children State of the World's Mothers report (SOWM report) is an annual report by the Save the Children USA, which compiles statistics on the health of mothers and children and uses them to produce rankings of more than 170 countries, showing where mothers fare best and where they face the greatest hardships.

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Scrooge (1951 film)

Scrooge is a 1951 British fantasy drama film and an adaptation of Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol (1843).

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Self-induced abortion

A self-induced abortion (or self-induced miscarriage) is an abortion performed by the pregnant woman herself or with the help of other, non-medical assistance.

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Shoulder presentation

A shoulder presentation refers to a malpresentation at childbirth where the baby is in a transverse lie (its vertebral column is perpendicular to that of the mother), thus the leading part (the part that enters first the birth canal) is an arm, shoulder, or the trunk.

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Shrigley abduction

The Shrigley abduction was an 1826 British case of a forced marriage by Edward Gibbon Wakefield to the 15-year-old heiress Ellen Turner of Pott Shrigley.

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Shukria Barakzai

Shukria Barakzai (شکريه بارکزۍ) is an Afghan politician, journalist and a prominent Muslim feminist.

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Sierra Leone

Sierra Leone, officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country in West Africa.

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Single parent

A single parent is a parent that parents alone without the other parent's support, meaning this particular parent is the only parent to the child, responsible for all financial, material, and emotional needs.

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Sisterhood method

The Sisterhood Method is a household survey to estimate maternal deaths recommended by the World Health Organization.

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Social determinants of health in poverty

The social determinants of health in poverty describe the factors that affect impoverished populations' health and health inequality.

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South Sudan

South Sudan, officially known as the Republic of South Sudan, is a landlocked country in East-Central Africa.

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Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith

Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith is a 2005 American epic space opera film written and directed by George Lucas.

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Stella Browne

Stella Browne (9 May 1880 – 8 May 1955) was a Canadian-born British feminist, socialist, sex radical, and birth control campaigner.

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Structural violence in Haiti

Haiti is impacted by structural violence, a form of dysfunction where social structures prevent certain groups of people from having access to basic human rights, like education and healthcare.

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Sub-Saharan Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa is, geographically, the area of the continent of Africa that lies south of the Sahara.

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Suihō Tagawa

, better known by the pen name Suihō Tagawa (田河水泡, Tagawa Suihō), was a Japanese manga artist.

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Tanzania

Tanzania, officially the United Republic of Tanzania (Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a sovereign state in eastern Africa within the African Great Lakes region.

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Teenage pregnancy

Teenage pregnancy, also known as adolescent pregnancy, is pregnancy in females under the age of 20.

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Tegucigalpa

Tegucigalpa (formally Tegucigalpa, Municipality of the Central District, Tegucigalpa, Municipio del Distrito Central or Tegucigalpa, M.D.C.), colloquially referred to as Téguz, is the capital and largest city of Honduras along with its twin sister, Comayagüela.

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Termination of Pregnancy Act (Zimbabwe)

The Termination of Pregnancy Act is a law in Zimbabwe governing abortion.

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The Jungle Book (1994 film)

Rudyard Kipling's The Jungle Book is a 1994 live-action American adventure film co-written and directed by Stephen Sommers, produced by Edward S. Feldman and Raju Patel, from a story by Ronald Yanover and Mark Geldman.

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The Mists of Avalon

The Mists of Avalon is a 1983 fantasy novel by American writer Marion Zimmer Bradley, in which the author relates the Arthurian legends from the perspective of the female characters.

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The Woman in Black (2012 film)

The Woman in Black is a 2012 supernatural horror film directed by James Watkins and written by Jane Goldman.

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Timeline of healthcare in India

This is a timeline of healthcare in India.

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Torfinn Skard

Torfinn Skard (20 January 1891 – 11 June 1970) was a Norwegian horticulturist, teacher, librarian and author.

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Total fertility rate

The total fertility rate (TFR), sometimes also called the fertility rate, absolute/potential natality, period total fertility rate (PTFR), or total period fertility rate (TPFR) of a population is the average number of children that would be born to a woman over her lifetime if.

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Uche Veronica Amazigo

Uche Veronica Amazigo is a professor of Medical Parasitology and Public health Specialist.

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Unassisted childbirth

Unassisted childbirth (UC) refers to the process of intentionally giving birth without the assistance of a medical birth attendant.

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Unintended pregnancy

Unintended pregnancies are pregnancies that are mistimed, unplanned or unwanted at the time of conception.

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United Nations Commission for Lifesaving Commodities for Women and Children

The UN Commission on Life-Saving Commodities for Women and Children (UNCoLSC) was set up as part of the United Nations Secretary-General’s Every Woman, Every Child programme.

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Unsafe abortion

An unsafe abortion is the termination of a pregnancy by people lacking the necessary skills, or in an environment lacking minimal medical standards, or both.

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Urraca of León

Urraca (April 1079 – 8 March 1126) called the Reckless (la Temeraria), was Queen of León, Castile, and Galicia from 1109 until her death in childbirth.

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Uttarakhand

Uttarakhand, officially the State of Uttarakhand (Uttarākhaṇḍ Rājya), formerly known as Uttaranchal, is a state in the northern part of India.

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Victoria Joyce Ely

Victoria Joyce Ely (September 12, 1889 – May 12, 1979) was an American nurse who served in World War I in the Army Nurse Corps and then provided nursing services in the Florida Panhandle in affiliation with the American Red Cross.

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Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action

The Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action, also known as VDPA, is a human rights declaration adopted by consensus at the World Conference on Human Rights on 25 June 1993 in Vienna, Austria.

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Vilma Ripoll

Vilma Ripoll (born April 12, 1954) is an Argentine nurse and politician.

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Violence against women

Violence against women (VAW), also known as gender-based violence and sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) is, collectively, violent acts that are primarily or exclusively committed against women and girls.

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Vitamin A deficiency

Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) or hypovitaminosis A is a lack of vitamin A in blood and tissues.

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Wasp waist

Wasp waist is a women's fashion silhouette, produced by a style of corset and girdle, that has experienced various periods of popularity in the 19th and 20th centuries.

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Wet nurse

A wet nurse is a woman who breast feeds and cares for another's child.

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What Remains of Edith Finch

What Remains of Edith Finch is a mystery adventure and walking simulator video game developed by Giant Sparrow and published by Annapurna Interactive for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One.

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White Ribbon Alliance for Safe Motherhood

The White Ribbon Alliance (WRA) is a nonpartisan, non-profit and non-governmental membership organization that aims to decrease maternal and newborn death globally.

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Wife of Phinehas

The wife of Phinehas is an unnamed character in the Hebrew Bible.

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William Allen (Quaker)

William Allen (29 August 1770 – 30 September 1843) was an English scientist and philanthropist who opposed slavery and engaged in schemes of social and penal improvement in early nineteenth-century England.

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Woman

A woman is an adult female human being.

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Women Deliver

Women Deliver is a global advocacy organization that works to generate political commitment and financial investment for fulfilling Millennium Development Goal 5—reducing maternal mortality and achieving universal access to reproductive health.

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Women in Argentina

The status of women in Argentina has changed significantly following the return of democracy in 1983; and they have attained a relatively high level of equality.

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Women in Australia

Women in Australia refers to women's demographic and cultural presence in Australia.

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Women in Bangladesh

The status of women in Bangladesh has been subject to many important changes over the past few centuries.

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Women in Belgium

Women in Belgium are European women who live in or are from Belgium.

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Women in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Women in Bosnia and Herzegovina are European women who live in and are from Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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Women in Bulgaria

Women in Bulgaria are European women who live in and are from Bulgaria.

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Women in Denmark

The modern-day character and the historical status of women in Denmark has been influenced by their own involvement in women's movements and political participation in the history of Denmark.

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Women in Ecuador

Women in Ecuador are generally responsible for the upbringing and care of children and families; traditionally, men have not taken an active role.

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Women in Ethiopia

There have been studies concerning women in Ethiopia.

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Women in France

The roles of women in France have changed throughout history.

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Women in Georgia (country)

Women in Georgia live in a society which has been changing over the centuries, where, after decades of Soviet regime, from the 1990s onwards, the culture has seen rapid social changes and new emerging values, but has also been affected by economic instability.

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Women in Germany

The roles of German women have changed throughout history, especially during the past few decades, during which the culture has undergone rapid change.

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Women in Hungary

The roles of women in Hungary have changed significantly over the past 200 years.

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Women in India

The status of women in India has been subject to many great changes over the past few millennia.

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Women in Israel

Women in Israel are women who live in or who are from the State of Israel, established in 1948.

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Women in Italy

Women in Italy refers to females who are from (or reside) in Italy.

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Women in Kazakhstan

Women in Kazakhstan are women who live in or are from Kazakhstan.

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Women in Madagascar

Women in Madagascar, also known as Malagasy women or Malgache women, generally live longer than men, whom they outnumber.

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Women in Paraguay

Women in Paraguay live in a culture that has been undergoing rapid change in recent decades.

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Women in Peru

Women in Peru represent a minority in both numbers and legal rights.

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Women in the Americas

Women in the Americas are women who were born in, who live in, and are from the Americas, a regional area which encompasses the Caribbean region, Central America or Middle America, North America and South America.

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Women in the Arab Spring

Women played a variety of roles in the Arab Spring, but its impact on women and their rights is unclear.

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Women in the Czech Republic

The history, characteristic, evolution, and genealogies of present-day women in the Czech Republic can be traced back from many centuries before the establishment of the country now known as the Czech Republic.

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Women in the Middle Ages

Women in the Middle Ages occupied a number of different social roles.

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Women's Global Network for Reproductive Rights

Women's Global Network for Reproductive Rights (WGNRR) is an international non-governmental organization (NGO) that advocates for sexual and reproductive health and rights worldwide.

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Women's health

Women's health refers to the health of women, which differs from that of men in many unique ways.

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Women's health in Ethiopia

Women's health in Ethiopia can be broken down into several sections: general health status, women’s status, maternal health, women and HIV, harmful traditional practices, and violence against women.

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Women's health in India

Women's health in India can be examined in terms of multiple indicators, which vary by geography, socioeconomic standing and culture.

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Women's rights

Women's rights are the rights and entitlements claimed for women and girls worldwide, and formed the basis for the women's rights movement in the nineteenth century and feminist movement during the 20th century.

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Women's rights in Myanmar

Being isolated for around forty years allowed the myth that women living in Myanmar (Burma) face less gender discrimination and have more rights than females in surrounding Southeast Asian nations.

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World Population Foundation

The World Population Foundation (WPF) was founded in 1987 in the Netherlands by Diana and Roy W. Brown.

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Xtro

Xtro is a 1982 British science fiction horror film directed by Harry Bromley Davenport and co-produced by Bob Shaye.

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Yang Chongrui

Yang Chongrui was a Chinese obstetrician who is credited with modernising women's healthcare in China.

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2009 Brazilian girl abortion case

In 2009, a nine-year-old Brazilian girl became pregnant with twins.

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20th century/Maternal death rates, Death by childbirth, Death in childbirth, Gravidacide, Maternal Mortality, Maternal Mortality Rate, Maternal death rates, Maternal deaths, Maternal mortality, Maternal mortality rate, Obstetric death, Obstetrical death, Peripartum mortality, Pregnancy death, Pregnancy-associated death.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maternal_death

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