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Metallurgy

Index Metallurgy

Metallurgy is a domain of materials science and engineering that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements, their inter-metallic compounds, and their mixtures, which are called alloys. [1]

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Paine, Thomas Turner (metallurgist), Thyssen AG, Tiangong Kaiwu, Time Team (series 11), Timeline of environmental history, Timeline of Indian innovation, Timeline of materials technology, Timeline of Polish science and technology, Timothy Beers, Titanium gold, Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Tkay Maidza, Tocopilla, Tokushichi Mishima, Tokyo Dental College, Toledo do Brasil, Tomislav Ljubenović, Torrean civilization, Toughness, Tourism in Romania, Touzac, Lot, Towerlands, North Ayrshire, Tracteur Panhard-Châtillon, Trakia Economic Zone, Transport phenomena, Trifun Kostovski, Trip hammer, Trois-Rivières, Tu Youyou, Tubal, Tung-Sol, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, Tyco Toys, UAM Azcapotzalco, Užice, Uchaly Mining and Metallurgical Combine, Uddeholms AB, Ultrasonic impact treatment, Unethical human experimentation in the United States, United Energy Systems of Ukraine, Universal Decimal Classification, Université Laval, University of Alabama College of Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, University of Lagos, University of São Paulo, University of Science and Technology Beijing, University of the Philippines College of Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of Tripoli, University of Zanjan, University of Zimbabwe, Ural Mining and Metallurgical Company, Ural State Technical University, Uralmash, Urdaibai estuary, Uri Sebag, Ursula Franklin, Uruk period, USRA standard, USS Stewart (DE-238), Utkalmani Gopabandhu Institute of Engineering, V6 engine, Vacuum, Vadim Novinsky, Valdivia, Valence (city), Valerie Randle, Valladolid, Vallès Occidental, Vannoccio Biringuccio, Varna culture, Varna Necropolis, Vasily Sergeyevich Smirnov (metallurgist), Vazimba, Vedanta Limited, Vegard's law, Venezuela and the International Monetary Fund, Victor Kravchenko (defector), Vijay Koparkar, Vilafranca del Penedès, Vinča culture, Vincent Wardell, Violarite, Visegrád Group, Vladimir Grachev, Volcae, Voldemārs Sudmalis, VSMPO-AVISMA, W. E. S. Turner, Wales, Walter Boas, Walter Rosenhain, Water treatment, West African Craton, West Yangon Technological University, Whisker (metallurgy), Whitecliff Ironworks, Wilhelm August Lampadius, Wilhelm Biltz, Wilhelm Fenner, Wilhelm Schmidt (engineer), William Arbegast, William Arthur Bone, William Bowles (naturalist), William Campbell (metallographer), William Francis Hillebrand, William Garwood, William Gowland, William H. G. FitzGerald, William Hyde Wollaston, William Kelly (inventor), William Nelson Page, William Penney, Baron Penney, William R. Lucas, William Reid (VC), William W. Gullett, William Williams (academic), Wilson Brothers & Company, Woodhead Publishing, Wootz steel, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Wu Chinese-speaking people, Wuppertal, X-ray crystallography, X-ray scattering techniques, Xu Caidong, Yamada Sōbi, Yangon Technological University, Yann M'Vila, Yayoi period, Yenakiieve, Yerakini, York Time Institute, Yorkshire and the Humber, Yoruba religion, Zahid Ali Akbar Khan, Zakopane, Zaolzie, Zaporizhia, Zhou Ren, Zlatoust, Zona da Mata (Minas Gerais), Zosimos of Panopolis, Zygmunt Szkopiak, .44 Henry, 107 mm divisional gun M1940 (M-60), 1070, 11th century, 1530 in science, 1722 in science, 1801 in France, 1837 in science, 1869 in France, 18th-century French literature, 3rd millennium BC, 4-digit UNESCO Nomenclature. Expand index (1456 more) »

A. A. Griffith Medal and Prize

The A. A. Griffith Medal and Prize is awarded annually by the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining in commemoration of Alan Arnold Griffith.

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A. K. Huntington

Professor Alfred Kirby Huntington (1852–1920) was a British professor of metallurgy and aviation pioneer.

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Abdul Qadeer Khan

Abdul Qadeer Khan, NI, HI, FPAS (ڈاکٹر عبد القدیر خان; born 1935 or 1936), known as A. Q. Khan, is a Pakistani former nuclear physicist and a metallurgical engineer, who founded the uranium enrichment program for Pakistan's atomic bomb project.

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Abnormal grain growth

Abnormal or discontinuous grain growth, also referred to as exaggerated or secondary recrystallisation grain growth, is a grain growth phenomenon through which certain energetically favorable grains (crystallites) grow rapidly in a matrix of finer grains resulting in a bimodal grain size distribution.

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Abu Hanifa Dinawari

Ābu Ḥanīfah Āḥmad ibn Dawūd Dīnawarī (815–896 CE, أبو حنيفة الدينوري) was an Islamic Golden Age polymath, astronomer, agriculturist, botanist, metallurgist, geographer, mathematician, and historian.

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Acid throwing

Acid throwing, also called an acid attack, a vitriol attack or vitriolage, is a form of violent assault defined as the act of throwing acid or a similarly corrosive substance onto the body of another "with the intention to disfigure, maim, torture, or kill".

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Adam Menelaws

Adam Menelaws, also spelled Menelas (born between 1748 and 1756, presumably in Edinburgh – died 31 August 1831 in Saint Petersburg, Адам Адамович Менелас) was an architect and landscape designer of Scottish origin, active in the Russian Empire from 1784 to 1831.

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Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding

The Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding in Mykolaiv is a higher education institution which trains specialists for the shipbuilding and allied industries of Ukraine.

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Advanced Functional Materials

Advanced Functional Materials is a peer-reviewed scientific journal, published by Wiley-VCH.

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Advanced Materials

Advanced Materials is a weekly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering materials science.

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Aeroflot Flight 3519

Aeroflot Flight 3519 was a Tupolev Tu-154B-2 airline flight on a domestic route from Krasnoyarsk to Irkutsk on December 23, 1984.

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Aetites

In the magico-medical tradition of Europe and the Near East, the aetites (singular in Latin) or aetite (anglicized) is a stone used to promote childbirth.

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Afanasievo culture

The Afanasievo culture, or Afanasevo culture (Russian Афанасьевская культура Afanas'yevskaya kul'tura; " Afanasevan culture"), is the earliest known archaeological culture of south Siberia, occupying the Minusinsk Basin and the Altai Mountains during the eneolithic era, 3300 to 2500 BC.

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Agarak, Meghri

Agarak (Ագարակ), is a village within the Meghri Municipality of Syunik Province at the south of Armenia, founded in 1949.

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Aggregate (composite)

Aggregate is the component of a composite material that resists compressive stress and provides bulk to the composite material.

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Agoston Haraszthy

Agoston Haraszthy (Haraszthy Ágoston,; August 30, 1812, Pest, Hungary – July 6, 1869, Corinto, Nicaragua) was a Hungarian-American nobleman, adventurer, traveler, writer, town-builder, and pioneer winemaker in Wisconsin and California, often referred to as the "Father of California Viticulture," or the "Father of Modern Winemaking in California".

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Ahmet Hadžipašić

Ahmet Hadžipašić (1 June 1952 in Cazin – 23 July 2008 in Zenica) was the former Prime Minister of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (from 14 February 2003 to May 2007).

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Ajit Shetty

Ajit Shetty is an Indian-Belgian businessman, who was born in Nellore, India, on 20 May 1946.

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Akelo

Andrea Cagnetti (born 16 March 1967 in Corchiano, Viterbo), known in the artistic world as Akelo, is an Italian goldsmith, designer, and sculptor.

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Akimitsu Takagi

, was the pen-name of a popular Japanese crime fiction writer active during the Shōwa period of Japan.

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Alain Reza Yavari

Alain Reza Yavari (December 15, 1949 – November 24, 2015) was a French scholar in the fields of chemical and physical metallurgy, with a focus on bulk metallic glasses.

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Alan Cottrell

Sir Alan Howard Cottrell, FRS (17 July 1919 – 15 February 2012) was an English metallurgist and physicist, former Chief Scientific Advisor to the UK Government and vice-chancellor of Cambridge University 1977–1979.

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Alaverdi, Armenia

Alaverdi (Ալավերդի), is a town and municipal community in the Lori Province at the northeastern part of Armenia, near the border with Georgia.

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Albert L. Marsh

Albert Leroy Marsh, (August 16, 1877 – September 17, 1944) was an American metallurgist.

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Albert Morris

Albert Morris (13 August 1886 in Bridgetown, South Australia – 9 January 1939, Broken Hill), was a highly acclaimed amateur Australian botanist, ecologist, conservationist and pioneer developer of arid zone re-vegetation and ecological restoration techniques.

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Albert Sauveur

Albert Sauveur (21 June 1863 – 26 January 1939) was an American Metallurgist, originally from Belgium.

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Alchemy

Alchemy is a philosophical and protoscientific tradition practiced throughout Europe, Africa, Brazil and Asia.

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Aleksander Burba

Aleksander Adolfovich Burba (a; 6 August 1918 – 5 October 1984) was a Soviet organizer of industry and education, a scholar in the field of chemical and metallurgical technologies, Ph.D. (Technology, 1968), Professor (1980), Director of the Mednogorsk Copper-Sulfur Plant (1954-1971), the first Rector (founder) of the Orenburg Polytechnic Institute (1971-1983), now the Orenburg State University.

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Alex Greaney

Peter Alexander Greaney (born 1975) is a former University Boat Race cox.

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Alexander King Sample

Alexander King Sample (born November 7, 1960) is an American prelate of the Catholic Church.

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Alexander Semin

Alexander Valeryevich Semin (Александр Валерьевич Сёмин,; born 3 March 1984) is a Russian professional ice hockey winger currently playing in Sokol Krasnoyarsk of the Supreme Hockey League, the second highest league in Russia.

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Alexander Zakharchenko

Alexander Vladimirovich Zakharchenko (p, Олександр Володимирович Захарченко; born 1976, Ostrov (25 June 2014)) is a separatist leader, who is the current head of state and Prime Minister of the self-proclaimed state and a rebel group Donetsk People's Republic, which declared independence from Ukraine on 11 May 2014.

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Alexei Turchaninov

Alexei Fedorovich Turchaninov, née Vasilyev (Алексей Фёдорович Турчанинов; 1704/1705–March 21, 1787) was a business magnate in the Russian Empire, grandfather of Pavel and Dmitry Solomirsky, the member of the wealthy Turchaninov family.

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Alexis Brasseur

Alexis 'Lexi' Brasseur (26 December 1860 – 3 November 1924) was a Luxembourgeois playwright, composer, and metallurgist.

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Alfred Gilbert

Sir Alfred Gilbert (12 August 18544 November 1934) was an English sculptor and goldsmith who enthusiastically experimented with metallurgical innovations.

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Alfred Wilm

Alfred Wilm (25 June 1869 – 6 August 1937) was a German metallurgist who invented the alloy Al-3.5–5.5%Cu-Mg-Mn, now known as Duralumin which is used extensively in aircraft.

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Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach

Alfried Felix Alwyn Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach (13 August 1907 – 30 July 1967), often referred to as Alfried Krupp, was an industrialist, a competitor in Olympic yacht races and a member of the Krupp family, which has been prominent in German industry since the early 19th century.

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Ali Daei

Ali Daei (علی دایی; born 21 March 1969) is an Iranian former footballer and current coach and businessman.

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Ali Erdemir

Ali Erdemir, born in Kadirli, Adana, Turkey, is a Turkish materials scientist specializing in surface engineering and tribology.

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Allevard

Allevard, (also known as Allevard-les-Bains) is a commune in the Isère department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of southeastern France.

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Alpha case

In metallurgy, alpha case is the oxygen-enriched surface phase that occurs when titanium and its alloys are exposed to heated air or oxygen.

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Alpha Sigma Mu

Alpha Sigma Mu (ΑΣΜ) is a scholastic honor society recognizing academic achievement among students in the fields of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering.

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Alphonse Sagebien

Alphonse Eléonor Sagebien (1807-1892) was a French hydrological engineer born in Amiens and the inventor of the Sagebien wheel - a device that made hydraulically powered systems much more efficient in extracting energy from moving water.

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Altai Republic

The Altai Republic (Респу́блика Алта́й, Respublika Altay,; Altai: Алтай Республика, Altay Respublika) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic).

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Aluminium Plant Podgorica

Aluminium Plant Podgorica (Montenegrin: Kombinat Aluminijuma Podgorica - KAP) (MNSE) is an aluminium smelter company, located on the southern outskirts of Podgorica, Montenegro.

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Alves dos Reis

Artur Virgílio Alves Reis (Lisbon, 8 September 1896 – 9 June 1955) was a Portuguese criminal who perpetrated one of the largest frauds in history, against the Bank of Portugal in 1925, often called the Portuguese Bank Note Crisis.

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American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers

The American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers (AIME) is a professional association for mining and metallurgy, with over 145,000 members.

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American Iron and Steel Institute

The American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) is an association of North American steel producers.

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American Machinist

The American Machinist is an American trade magazine of the international machinery industries and most especially their machining aspects.

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Ames Project

The Ames Project was a research and development project that was part of the larger Manhattan Project to build the first atomic bombs during World War II.

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Anatoly Belyaev

Anatoly Ivanovich Belyaev (1906–1967) founded the school of metallurgy of light non-ferrous metals and semi-conducting materials.

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Ancient astronauts

"Ancient astronauts" (or "ancient aliens") refers to the pseudoscientific idea that intelligent extraterrestrial beings visited Earth and made contact with humans in antiquity and prehistoric times.

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Andhra University College of Engineering

Andhra University College of Engineering, also known as AU College of Engineering, is an autonomous college of the Andhra University located at Visakhapatnam, India.

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Andorra

Andorra, officially the Principality of Andorra (Principat d'Andorra), also called the Principality of the Valleys of Andorra (Principat de les Valls d'Andorra), is a sovereign landlocked microstate on the Iberian Peninsula, in the eastern Pyrenees, bordered by France in the north and Spain in the south.

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Andrés Jorquera Tapia

Andrés Jorquera Tapia (born January 19, 1976) is a Chilean ski mountaineer and high mountain guide.

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Andrés Manuel del Río

Andrés Manuel del Río Fernández (10 November 1764 – 23 March 1849) was a Spanish–Mexican scientist and naturalist who discovered compounds of vanadium in 1801.

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Andre Geim

Sir Andre Konstantin Geim, FRS, HonFRSC, HonFInstP (born 21 October 1958) is a Soviet-born Dutch-British physicist working in the School of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Manchester.

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Andrei Kirilenko (politician)

Andrei Pavlovich Kirilenko (p; – 12 May 1990) was a Soviet statesman from the start to the end of the Cold War.

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Andrew Briggs

George Andrew Davidson Briggs (born 1950) (known as Andrew Briggs) is a British scientist.

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Andronovo culture

The Andronovo culture is a collection of similar local Bronze Age cultures that flourished c. 2000–900 BC in western Siberia and the central Eurasian Steppe.

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Anne Glover (venture capitalist)

Anne Margaret Glover, CBE HonFREng (born 6 February 1954), is CEO and co-founder of Amadeus Capital Partners, a venture capital firm that invests in European high-technology companies.

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Annealing (metallurgy)

Annealing, in metallurgy and materials science, is a heat treatment that alters the physical and sometimes chemical properties of a material to increase its ductility and reduce its hardness, making it more workable.

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Anthony G. Evans

Anthony Glyn Evans (December 4, 1942 – September 9, 2009) was Alcoa Professor of Materials, Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Director of the Center for Multifunctional Materials and Structures and Co-Director for the Center for Collaborative Engineering Research and Education at the University of California, Santa Barbara, United States.

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Anthracite

Anthracite, often referred to as hard coal, is a hard, compact variety of coal that has a submetallic luster.

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Antique firearms

An antique firearm is a term to describe a firearm that was designed and manufactured prior to the beginning of the 20th century.

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Antonio de Ulloa

Antonio de Ulloa y de la Torre-Giral (12 January 1716 – 3 July 1795) was a Spanish general of the navy, explorer, scientist, author, astronomer, colonial administrator and the first Spanish governor of Louisiana.

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Antwerp (province)

Antwerp (Antwerpen) is the northernmost province both of the Flemish Region, also called Flanders, and of Belgium.

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Aphelion (software)

The Aphelion Imaging Software Suite is a software suite that includes three base products (i.e., Aphelion Lab, Aphelion Dev, and Aphelion) for addressing image processing and image analysis applications.

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Application of silicon-germanium thermoelectrics in space exploration

Silicon-germanium (SiGe) thermoelectrics have been used for converting heat into power in spacecraft designed for deep-space NASA missions since 1976.

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Aranmula kannadi

Aranmula kannadi (ആറന്മുളക്കണ്ണാടി, meaning the Aranmula mirror) is a handmade metal-alloy mirror, made in Aranmula, a small town in the state of Kerala, India.

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Araranguá

Araranguá is a city located in the southern part of Santa Catarina state, in the south of Brazil.

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ARBED

The Aciéries Réunies de Burbach-Eich-Dudelange (French; literally "United Steelworks of Burbach-Eich-Dudelange"), better known by its acronym ARBED, was a major Luxembourg-based steel and iron producing company.

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Archaeology

Archaeology, or archeology, is the study of humanactivity through the recovery and analysis of material culture.

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Archaeology Museum, Sogamoso

The Archaeology Museum of Sogamoso is a museum on the archaeological findings in the area of sacred City of the Sun Sogamoso, Boyacá, Colombia.

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Archaeology of Kosovo

Archaeology of Kosovo as a field of study and research was started in the second half of the 20th century.

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Architecture of Mesopotamia

The architecture of Mesopotamia is ancient architecture of the region of the Tigris–Euphrates river system (also known as Mesopotamia), encompassing several distinct cultures and spanning a period from the 10th millennium BC, when the first permanent structures were built, to the 6th century BC.

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Ardennes

The Ardennes (L'Ardenne; Ardennen; L'Årdene; Ardennen; also known as the Ardennes Forest or Forest of Ardennes) is a region of extensive forests, rough terrain, rolling hills and ridges formed by the geological features of the Ardennes mountain range and the Moselle and Meuse River basins.

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Ardennes (department)

Ardennes is a department in the Grand Est region of northeastern France named after the Ardennes area.

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Argaric culture

The Argaric culture, named from the type site El Argar near the town of Antas, in what is now the province of Almería in southeastern Spain, is an Early Bronze Age culture which flourished between c. 2200 BC and 1550 BC.

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Argonne National Laboratory

Argonne National Laboratory is a science and engineering research national laboratory operated by the University of Chicago Argonne LLC for the United States Department of Energy located near Lemont, Illinois, outside Chicago.

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Aricom

Aricom PLC (Ариком) was a London-listed iron ore mining company with operations in Russia.

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Armored cruiser

The armored cruiser was a type of warship of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

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Artes Mechanicae

Artes Mechanicae or mechanical arts, are a medieval concept of ordered practices or skills, often juxtaposed to the traditional seven liberal arts Artes liberales.

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Artillery

Artillery is a class of large military weapons built to fire munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry's small arms.

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Arun Kumar Biswas

Arun Kumar Biswas (6 July 1934 – 30 November 2015) was a professor at Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur (India) during 1963-95.

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Association football club names

Association Football club names are a part of the sport's culture, reflecting century-old traditions.

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Association for Iron and Steel Technology

The Association for Iron and Steel Technology (AIST) is a non-profit professional organization focused on promoting the international iron and steel industry through networking and education.

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Asturian Americans

Asturian Americans (Americanu, Americanos) are citizens of the United States who are of Asturian ancestry.

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Atalanti

Atalanti (Αταλάντη Atalantē) is the second largest town in Phthiotis, Greece.

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Atul Chokshi

Atul Harish Chokshi (born 1958) is an Indian materials scientist, metallurgical engineer and a professor at the Department of Materials Engineering of the Indian Institute of Science.

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Auger electron spectroscopy

Hanford scientist uses an Auger electron spectrometer to determine the elemental composition of surfaces. Auger electron spectroscopy (AES; pronounced in French) is a common analytical technique used specifically in the study of surfaces and, more generally, in the area of materials science.

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Augustin Gottfried Ludwig Lentin

Augustin Gottfried Ludwig Lentin (January 4, 1764 – January 18, 1823) was a German chemist.

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Augustus Braun Kinzel

Augustus Braun Kinzel (July 26, 1900 – October 23, 1987) was a noted American metallurgist and first president of the National Academy of Engineering.

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Aulnois (river)

The Aulnois (also: Aunois) is a Franco-Belgian river which flows in the French Ardennes département and in Luxembourg Province in the far south of Belgian Wallonia.

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Aurecon

Aurecon is an engineering, management, design, planning, project management and consulting company based in Australia and South Africa.

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Automatic transmission

An automatic transmission, also called auto, self-shifting transmission, n-speed automatic (where n is its number of forward gear ratios), or AT, is a type of motor vehicle transmission that can automatically change gear ratios as the vehicle moves, freeing the driver from having to shift gears manually.

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Avellaneda

Avellaneda is a port city in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, and the seat of the Avellaneda Partido, whose population was 328,980 as per the.

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Awadhesh Narain Singh

Awadhesh Narain Singh is a leader of Bharatiya Janata Party from Bihar.

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Axel Hultgren

Axel Gustaf Emanuel Hultgren, (November 16, 1886 – May 15, 1974) was a Swedish metallurgist.

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Árpád Basch

Árpád Basch (April 16, 1873, Budapest - 1944, Budapest) was a Hungarian painter and graphic artist.

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Ōgon Shrine

The also known as the Jinguashi Shinto Shrine, Gold Temple or Spirits of the Mountain Shrine (山神社 yama jinja) is a Shinto shrine located halfway up a mountain at Siping Lane (四平街) in the Gold Ecological Park in Jinguashi, Ruifang District, New Taipei City, Taiwan (formerly Kinkaseki, Zuihō town, Kirun district, Taihoku Prefecture during Japanese rule) Kinkaseki town (now Jinguashi) at the time of Japanese rule was said to have been the number one gold mine town in Asia.

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Žanis Bahs

Žanis Bahs (also Žanis Bachs; 1885-1941) was a Latvian general.

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B of the Bang

B of the Bang was a sculpture by Thomas Heatherwick next to the City of Manchester Stadium in Manchester, England, which was commissioned to mark the 2002 Commonwealth Games; it was one of the tallest structures in Manchester and the tallest sculpture in the UK until the completion of ''Aspire'' in 2008.

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Bačka Palanka

Bačka Palanka (Бачка Паланка) is a town and municipality located in the South Bačka District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia.

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Babayevo (town), Vologda Oblast

Babayevo (Баба́ево) is a town and the administrative center of Babayevsky District in Vologda Oblast, Russia, located in the south of the district, on the Kolp River (Volga's basin) west of Vologda, the administrative center of the oblast.

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Bachelor of Engineering

The Bachelor of Engineering, abbreviated as B.E., B.Eng., or B.A.I. (in Latin form) is a first professional undergraduate academic degree awarded to a student after four to five years of studying engineering at an accredited university.

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Balkhashtsvetmet

Balhashcvetmet ("Ferrous Metallurgy of Balkhash;" formerly known as "BGMC, for Balkhash Mining and Metallurgical Combine) is a copper-smelting combine located on the northern coast of the Lake Balkhash in Balkhash, Kazakhstan.

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Bandung Institute of Technology

The Bandung Institute of Technology or Institute of Technology, Bandung (Institut Teknologi Bandung, abbreviated as ITB) is a state, coeducational research university located in Bandung, Indonesia.

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Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology

Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (বাংলাদেশ প্রকৌশল বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়়), commonly known as BUET (বুয়েট), is a public university in Bangladesh, which focuses on the study of engineering and architecture.

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Bangui

Bangui (or Bangî in Sango, formerly written Bangi in English) is the capital and largest city of the Central African Republic.

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Bar stock

Bar stock, also (colloquially) known as blank, slug or billet, is a common form of raw purified metal, used by industry to manufacture metal parts and products.

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Barium fluoride

Barium fluoride (BaF2) is a chemical compound of barium and fluorine and is a salt.

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Bashkortostan

The Republic of Bashkortostan (Башҡортостан Республикаһы, p), also historically known as Bashkiria (p), is a federal subject of Russia (a republic (state)).

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Battle of Kansas

The Battle of Kansas (also known as the "Battle of Wichita"Airpower July 1981) was the nickname given to a project to build, modify, and deliver large quantities of the world's most advanced bomber to the front-lines, originally in Europe and in the Pacific, although due to delay in production, was only used in the Pacific.

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Beagle Boys

The Beagle Boys are a group of fictional characters from the Donald Duck universe.

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Beerse

Beerse is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Antwerp.

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Beijing Institute of Technology

Beijing Institute of Technology (abbreviated BIT; Simplified Chinese: 北京理工大学; Traditional Chinese: 北京理工大學; pinyin: Běijīng Lǐgōng Dàxué), is a co-educational public university, located in Beijing, China, established in 1940, Yan'an.

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Bellows

A bellows or pair of bellows is a device constructed to furnish a strong blast of air.

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Belo Horizonte

Belo Horizonte ("Beautiful Horizon") is the sixth-largest city in Brazil, the thirteenth-largest in South America and the eighteenth-largest in the Americas.

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Bembine Tablet

The Bembine Tablet, the Bembine Table of Isis or the Mensa Isiaca (Isiac Tablet) is an elaborate tablet of bronze with enamel and silver inlay, most probably of Roman origin but imitating the ancient Egyptian style.

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Bendorf

Bendorf is a town in the district of Mayen-Koblenz, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, on the right bank of the Rhine, approx.

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Benin Bronzes

The Benin Bronzes are a group of more than a thousand metal plaques and sculptures that decorated the royal palace of the Kingdom of Benin in what is now modern-day Nigeria.

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Benoit Mandelbrot

Benoit B.  Mandelbrot  (20 November 1924 – 14 October 2010) was a Polish-born, French and American mathematician and polymath with broad interests in the practical sciences, especially regarding what he labeled as "the art of roughness" of physical phenomena and "the uncontrolled element in life".

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Bergslagen

Bergslagen is a historically, culturally, and linguistically distinct mining district located north of Lake Mälaren in northern Svealand, Sweden.

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Berlin Foundry Cup

The Berlin Foundry Cup (Erzgießerei-Schale) is a red-figure kylix (drinking cup) from the early 5th century BC.

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Berna

Berna was a Swiss manufacturer of buses, trolleybuses and trucks, which later also specialized in surface metallurgical treatments and components.

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Bertil Haase

Bertil Robert Herman Haase Vidarsson (5 June 1923 – 7 July 2014) was a Swedish pentathlete who competed at both Winter and Summer Olympics.

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Bertram Hopkinson

Bertram Hopkinson (11 January 1874 – 26 August 1918) was a British patent lawyer and Professor of Mechanism and Applied Mechanics at Cambridge University.

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Beryllide

Beryllide is an intermetallic compound of beryllium with other metals, e.g. zirconium, tantalum, titanium, nickel, or cobalt.

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Bhopal disaster

The Bhopal disaster, also referred to as the Bhopal gas tragedy, was a gas leak incident on the night of 2–3 December 1984 at the Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL) pesticide plant in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.

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Bicycle frame

A bicycle frame is the main component of a bicycle, onto which wheels and other components are fitted.

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Bikramjit Basu

is currently a full Professor at Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, specializing in Engineering Ceramics and Biomaterials Science.

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Bill Robinson (scientist)

William Henry Robinson (2 October 1938 – 17 August 2011) was a New Zealand scientist and seismic engineer who invented the lead rubber bearing (LRB) seismic isolation device.

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Biomaterial

A biomaterial is any substance that has been engineered to interact with biological systems for a medical purpose - either a therapeutic (treat, augment, repair or replace a tissue function of the body) or a diagnostic one.

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Blast furnace

A blast furnace is a type of metallurgical furnace used for smelting to produce industrial metals, generally pig iron, but also others such as lead or copper.

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Bob Heffron

Robert James Heffron (10 September 189027 July 1978), also known as Bob Heffron or R. J. Heffron, was a long-serving New South Wales politician, union organiser and Australian Labor Party Premier of New South Wales from 1959 to 1964.

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Bogny-sur-Meuse

Bogny-sur-Meuse is a commune in the Ardennes department in the Grand Est region of northern France.

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Boguchany Aluminium Smelter

Boguchany Aluminium Smelter (Богуча́нский алюми́ниевый заво́д, Boguchanskiy Alyuminiyevy Zavod) is a Russian aluminium smelter currently being constructed near the settlement of Tayozhny, in the Boguchansky District of Krasnoyarsk Krai.

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Boian culture

The Boian culture (dated to 4300–3500 BC), also known as the Giuleşti–Mariţa culture or Mariţa culture, is a Neolithic archaeological culture of Southeast Europe.

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Borax

Borax, also known as sodium borate, sodium tetraborate, or disodium tetraborate, is an important boron compound, a mineral, and a salt of boric acid.

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Boris Nikolaevich Poliakov

Boris Nikolaevich Poliakov (Борис Николаевич Поляков.; born May 17,1938 in Nizhny Tagil, Russia) is a Russian scientist, professor of Mechanical Engineering, and member of the Academy of Engineering Sciences of the Russian Federation.

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Boron

Boron is a chemical element with symbol B and atomic number 5.

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Borys Paton

Borys Yevhenovych Paton (Борис Євгенович Патон) (born November 27, 1918) is the long-term chairman of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.

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Bower–Barff process

In metallurgy, the Bower–Barff process is a method of coating iron or steel with magnetic iron oxide, such as Fe2O4, in order to minimize atmospheric corrosion.

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Brayton cycle

The Brayton cycle is a thermodynamic cycle named after George Brayton who describes the workings of a constant-pressure heat engine.

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Brick

A brick is building material used to make walls, pavements and other elements in masonry construction.

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Brinell scale

The Brinell scale characterizes the indentation hardness of materials through the scale of penetration of an indenter, loaded on a material test-piece.

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Bristol Jupiter

The Bristol Jupiter was a British nine-cylinder single-row piston radial engine built by the Bristol Aeroplane Company.

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British and Irish stained glass (1811–1918)

A revival of the art and craft of stained-glass window manufacture took place in early 19th-century Britain, beginning with an armorial window created by Thomas Willement in 1811–12.

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British Non-Ferrous Metals Research Association

The British Non-Ferrous Metals Research Association was a research group in the United Kingdom during the 20th century, bringing together public and privately funded research into metallurgy.

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Brittany

Brittany (Bretagne; Breizh, pronounced or; Gallo: Bertaèyn, pronounced) is a cultural region in the northwest of France, covering the western part of what was known as Armorica during the period of Roman occupation.

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Bronze and brass ornamental work

The use of bronze dates from remote antiquity.

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Brooke Evans

Brooke Evans (1797–1862), was well known as an English nickel refiner, weapons manufacturer and geologist.

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Bruce Chalmers

Bruce Chalmers (October 15, 1907 – May 25, 1990) was a British-born and educated physicist, a metallurgy professor at Harvard University, a member of the National Academy of Science, an editor in chief of Progress in Materials Science, master of John Winthrop House at Harvard University.

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Brumado

Brumado is a Brazilian municipality in the interior of Bahia, in the Northeast region of the country, precisely in the mesoregion of the Center-South of the State, in the homonymous microregion, 555 kilometers from the state capital, Salvador.

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BRVM Composite

The BRVM Composite is a stock index calculated from the value of each stock on the Bourse Régionale des Valeurs Mobilières, or BRVM.

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Bryansk

Bryansk (p) is a city and the administrative center of Bryansk Oblast, Russia, located southwest of Moscow.

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Bubble (physics)

A bubble is a globule of one substance in another, usually gas in a liquid.

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Budhaditya Mukherjee

Budhaditya Mukherjee (born 1955) is an Indian classical sitar and surbahar player of the Imdadkhani gharana (school).

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Bujang Valley

The Bujang Valley (Lembah Bujang) is a sprawling historical complex and has an area of approximately 224 km2 situated near Merbok, Kedah, between Gunung Jerai in the north and Muda River in the south, it is the richest archaeological area in Malaysia.

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Bunyoro

Bunyoro is a kingdom in Western Uganda.

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Burnley Coalfield

The Burnley Coalfield is the most northerly portion of the Lancashire Coalfield.

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Bursa Technical University

400px Bursa Technical University (Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi), is a public research university in Bursa, Turkey.

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Burton Edelson

Burton I. Edelson (July 31, 1926 – January 6, 2002) was, for 20 years, a United States Navy Officer involved in advanced research and space science, a leader in developing satellite communications at COMSAT, and a leader of NASA's Space Science and Applications during the 1980s.

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Burzahom archaeological site

The Burzahom archaeological site is located in the Kashmir Valley of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.

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Butuan

(pronounced), officially the (Butuanon: Dakbayan hong; name; name), or simply known as City, is a highly urbanized city and regional center of the Caraga Region,.

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Byung-Chul Han

Byung-Chul Han (born 1959) is a South Korean-born German author, cultural theorist, and professor at the Berlin University of the Arts.

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C. V. Boys

Sir Charles Vernon Boys, FRS (15 March 1855 – 30 March 1944) was a British physicist, known for his careful and innovative experimental work.

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Cabeiri

In Greek mythology, the Cabeiri, Cabiri or Kabiri (Κάβειροι, Kábeiroi) were a group of enigmatic chthonic deities.

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Cable protection system

A cable protection system (CPS) protects subsea power cables against various factors that negatively impact on the cable lifetime, normally used when entering an offshore structure.

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Caesium

Caesium (British spelling and IUPAC spelling) or cesium (American spelling) is a chemical element with symbol Cs and atomic number 55.

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Calamine brass

Calamine brass is brass produced by a particular alloying technique using the zinc ore calamine directly, rather than first refining it to metallic zinc.

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Calcium nitrite

Calcium nitrite is an inorganic compound with chemical formula Ca(NO2)2.

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Caldas da Rainha

Caldas da Rainha is a medium-sized city in western central Portugal in the historical province of Estremadura and the district of Leiria.

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Camille de Briey

Camille de Briey (June 27, 1800 - June 3, 1877) was a Belgian industrialist, politician and diplomat.

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Campine

The Campine (French) or De Kempen (Dutch) is a natural region situated chiefly in north-eastern Belgium and parts of the south-eastern Netherlands which once consisted mainly of extensive moors, tracts of sandy heath, and wetlands.

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Canada–Peru Free Trade Agreement

The Canada–Peru Free Trade Agreement (CPFTA) is a free trade agreement between Peru and Canada.

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Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

The Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum (CIM) is a not-for-profit technical society of professionals in the Canadian minerals, metals, materials and energy industries.

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Canal

Canals, or navigations, are human-made channels, or artificial waterways, for water conveyance, or to service water transport vehicles.

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Canonsburg, Pennsylvania

Canonsburg is a borough in Washington County, Pennsylvania, southwest of Pittsburgh.

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Carbon capture and storage in Mexico

Mexico highly depends on the burning of its fossil fuels, and for the same reason, it is in its interest to look into mitigation solutions for its corresponding emissions.

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Carbonate-hosted lead-zinc ore deposits

Carbonate-hosted lead-zinc ore deposits are important and highly valuable concentrations of lead and zinc sulfide ores hosted within carbonate (limestone, marl, dolomite) formations and which share a common genetic origin.

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Carl Blaurock

Carl Blaurock (April 22, 1894 – February 1, 1993) was an American mountaineer.

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Carl Friedrich Wenzel

Carl Friedrich Wenzel (February 26, 1793) was a German chemist and metallurgist who determined the reaction rates of various chemicals, establishing, for example, that the amount of metal that dissolves in an acid is proportional to the concentration of acid in the solution.

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Carl Reichenbach

Baron Dr.

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Carlos Cardoen

Carlos Remigio Cardoen Cornejo (born 1 May 1942, Santa Cruz, Chile) is a Chilean metallurgical engineer, weapons scientist and agricultural businessman.

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Carlton Forge Works

Carlton Forge Works is an aerospace manufacturing company that produces seamless rolled rings.

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Carmagnola

Carmagnola is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located south of Turin.

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Carnation Revolution

The Carnation Revolution (Revolução dos Cravos), also referred to as the 25th of April (vinte e cinco de Abril), was initially a military coup in Lisbon, Portugal, on 25 April 1974 which overthrew the authoritarian regime of the Estado Novo.

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Caroaebe River

The Caroaebe River (sometimes incorrectly referred to as the Caroebe River which is further south) is a river of Roraima state in northern Brazil, near the equator.

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Casimir Siemienowicz

Kazimierz Siemienowicz (Casimirus Siemienowicz, Kazimieras Simonavičius, Kazimierz Siemienowicz, born 1600 – 1651), was a Polish–Lithuanian general of artillery, gunsmith, military engineer, and pioneer of rocketry.

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Castro culture

Castro culture (cultura castrexa, cultura castreja, cultura castriega, cultura castreña) is the archaeological term for the material Celtic culture of the north-western regions of the Iberian Peninsula (present-day northern Portugal together with Galicia, Asturias, Castile and León, Cantabria and Basque Country) from the end of the Bronze Age (c. 9th century BC) until it was subsumed by Roman culture (c. 1st century BC).

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Cataguases

Cataguases is a municipality located in the southeastern part of the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil.

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CECyT 2 Miguel Bernard Perales

The Center of Science and Technological Studies No.

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Centennial Exposition

The Centennial International Exhibition of 1876, the first official World's Fair in the United States, was held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, from May 10 to November 10, 1876, to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence in Philadelphia.

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Central economic region

Central Economic Region (Центра́льный экономи́ческий райо́н, Tsentralny ekonomichesky rayon) is one of twelve economic regions of Russia.

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Central Institute of Road Transport

The Central Institute of Road Transport (acronym CIRT) is a Government of India undertaking, established under the then Ministry of Shipping and Transport and the Association of State Road Transport Undertakings (ASTRU).

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Central University of Venezuela

The Central University of Venezuela (or Universidad Central de Venezuela, UCV, in Spanish) is a premier public university of Venezuela located in Caracas.

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Centro Universitário da FEI

Centro Universitário da FEI is a higher education facility in São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil, offering undergraduate degrees in engineering, business administration, and computer sciences as well as master's degrees in mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, and administration; specialization courses are also offered.

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Ceramic engineering

Ceramic engineering is the science and technology of creating objects from inorganic, non-metallic materials.

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Chalcogen

The chalcogens are the chemical elements in group 16 of the periodic table.

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Chalcolithic

The Chalcolithic (The New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998), p. 301: "Chalcolithic /,kælkəl'lɪθɪk/ adjective Archaeology of, relating to, or denoting a period in the 4th and 3rd millennium BCE, chiefly in the Near East and SE Europe, during which some weapons and tools were made of copper. This period was still largely Neolithic in character. Also called Eneolithic... Also called Copper Age - Origin early 20th cent.: from Greek khalkos 'copper' + lithos 'stone' + -ic". χαλκός khalkós, "copper" and λίθος líthos, "stone") period or Copper Age, in particular for eastern Europe often named Eneolithic or Æneolithic (from Latin aeneus "of copper"), was a period in the development of human technology, before it was discovered that adding tin to copper formed the harder bronze, leading to the Bronze Age.

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Champagne-Ardenne

Champagne-Ardenne is a former administrative region of France, located in the northeast of the country, bordering Belgium.

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Charcoal

Charcoal is the lightweight black carbon and ash residue hydrocarbon produced by removing water and other volatile constituents from animal and vegetation substances.

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Charles Beaulieu

Charles E. Beaulieu, (born July 5, 1930) is a Canadian academic, civil servant, and businessman.

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Charles Benjamin Dudley

Charles Benjamin Dudley (July 14, 1842 – December 21, 1909) was a U.S. chemist who was an early proponent of standardisation in industry.

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Charles Fairburn

Charles Edward Fairburn (5 September 1887 – 12 October 1945) was an electrical engineer whose work mainly concerned rail transport.

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Charles Heycock

Charles Thomas Heycock FRS (21 August 1858 – 3 June 1931) was a British chemist and soldier who was awarded the Royal Society's Davy Medal in 1920.

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Charles R. Van Hise

Charles Richard Van Hise (May 29, 1857 – November 19, 1918) was an American geologist, academic and progressive.

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Charles Tennant

Charles Tennant (3 May 1768 – 1 October 1838) was a Scottish chemist and industrialist.

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Charters Towers School of Mines

Charters Towers School of Mines is a heritage-listed school of mines at 24 - 26 Hodgkinson Street, Charters Towers, Charters Towers Region, Queensland, Australia.

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Chavín culture

The Chavín culture is an extinct, prehistoric civilization, named for Chavín de Huantar, the principal archaeological site at which its artifacts have been found.

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Château de Salm

Château de Salm is a ruined castle overlooking the valley of the Bruche, located in the commune of La Broque in the present-day département of Bas-Rhin, Alsace, France.

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Chelyabinsk

Chelyabinsk (a) is a city and the administrative center of Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia, located in the northeast of the oblast, south of Yekaterinburg, just to the east of the Ural Mountains, on the Miass River, on the border of Europe and Asia.

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Chemical engineering

Chemical engineering is a branch of engineering that uses principles of chemistry, physics, mathematics and economics to efficiently use, produce, transform, and transport chemicals, materials and energy.

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Chemical industry

The chemical industry comprises the companies that produce industrial chemicals.

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Chemical metallurgy

Chemical metallurgy is the science of obtaining metals from their ores, and of considering reactions of metals which are usually considered with an approach of disciplines belonging to chemistry.

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Chen Nengkuan

Chen Nengkuan (28 April 1923 – 27 May 2016) was a Chinese metal physics and detonation physics expert and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).

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Chieti

Chieti (Abruzzese: Chjïétë, Chjìtë; Θεάτη, Theati; Theate, Teate) is a city and comune in Southern Italy, east by northeast of Rome.

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Childe Wills

Childe Harold Wills (June 1, 1878 – December 30, 1940), also known as C. Harold Wills, or C.H. Wills, was an early associate of Henry Ford, one of the first employees of the Ford Motor Company, and the chief contributor to the design of the Model T. After leaving Ford, he began his own automobile company.

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China Metallurgical Group Corporation

China Metallurgical Group Corporation (MCC), is a Chinese state-owned enterprise headquartered in Beijing, engaged in EPC (engineering, procurement and construction), natural resources exploitation, papermaking, equipment fabrication, real estate development.

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China's Circular Economy

A Circular Economy is an alternative way countries manage their resources, where instead of using products in the traditional linear make, use, dispose method, resources are used for their maximum utility throughout its life cycle and regenerated in a cyclical pattern minimizing waste.

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China-Belarus Industrial Park

The China-Belarus Industrial Park (Китайско-Белорусский индустриальный парк) is a special economic zone in Belarus, established under the intergovernmental agreement between the People’s Republic of China and the Republic of Belarus.

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Chinese Library Classification

The Chinese Library Classification (CLC), also known as Classification for Chinese Libraries (CCL), is effectively the national library classification scheme in China.

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Chingiz Ildyrym

Chingiz Ildyrym oglu Sultanov (Çingiz İldırım oğlu Sultanov) (1890–1937) better known as Chingiz Ildyrym, was an Azerbaijani Bolshevik revolutionary, innovator and the first People's Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs of Azerbaijan after the Sovietization of Azerbaijan.

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Chita Oblast

Chita Oblast (p) was a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) in southeast Siberia, Russia.

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Chongqing University

Chongqing University (also abbreviated as CQU) is a key national university located in Chongqing, China, and a member of the "Excellence League".

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Cieszyn Silesia

Cieszyn Silesia or Těšín Silesia or Teschen Silesia (Polish:, Czech: or, German: Teschener Schlesien or Olsagebiet) is a historical region in south-eastern Silesia, centered on the towns of Cieszyn and Český Těšín and bisected by the Olza River.

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CINVESTAV

The Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (in Spanish: Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional or simply as CINVESTAV-IPN) is a Mexican non-governmental scientific research institution affiliated with the National Polytechnic Institute and founded by president Adolfo López Mateos on 17 April 1961, initially planned as a postgraduate department of the National Polytechnic Institute; this was later modified by President José López Portillo, on 17 September 1982.

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Cistercian architecture

Cistercian architecture is a style of architecture associated with the churches, monasteries and abbeys of the Roman Catholic Cistercian Order.

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Cistercians

A Cistercian is a member of the Cistercian Order (abbreviated as OCist, SOCist ((Sacer) Ordo Cisterciensis), or ‘’’OCSO’’’ (Ordo Cisterciensis Strictioris Observantiae), which are religious orders of monks and nuns. They are also known as “Trappists”; as Bernardines, after the highly influential St. Bernard of Clairvaux (though that term is also used of the Franciscan Order in Poland and Lithuania); or as White Monks, in reference to the colour of the "cuccula" or white choir robe worn by the Cistercians over their habits, as opposed to the black cuccula worn by Benedictine monks. The original emphasis of Cistercian life was on manual labour and self-sufficiency, and many abbeys have traditionally supported themselves through activities such as agriculture and brewing ales. Over the centuries, however, education and academic pursuits came to dominate the life of many monasteries. A reform movement seeking to restore the simpler lifestyle of the original Cistercians began in 17th-century France at La Trappe Abbey, leading eventually to the Holy See’s reorganization in 1892 of reformed houses into a single order Order of Cistercians of the Strict Observance (OCSO), commonly called the Trappists. Cistercians who did not observe these reforms became known as the Cistercians of the Original Observance. The term Cistercian (French Cistercien), derives from Cistercium, the Latin name for the village of Cîteaux, near Dijon in eastern France. It was in this village that a group of Benedictine monks from the monastery of Molesme founded Cîteaux Abbey in 1098, with the goal of following more closely the Rule of Saint Benedict. The best known of them were Robert of Molesme, Alberic of Cîteaux and the English monk Stephen Harding, who were the first three abbots. Bernard of Clairvaux entered the monastery in the early 1110s with 30 companions and helped the rapid proliferation of the order. By the end of the 12th century, the order had spread throughout France and into England, Wales, Scotland, Ireland, Spain, Portugal, Italy, and Eastern Europe. The keynote of Cistercian life was a return to literal observance of the Rule of St Benedict. Rejecting the developments the Benedictines had undergone, the monks tried to replicate monastic life exactly as it had been in Saint Benedict's time; indeed in various points they went beyond it in austerity. The most striking feature in the reform was the return to manual labour, especially agricultural work in the fields, a special characteristic of Cistercian life. Cistercian architecture is considered one of the most beautiful styles of medieval architecture. Additionally, in relation to fields such as agriculture, hydraulic engineering and metallurgy, the Cistercians became the main force of technological diffusion in medieval Europe. The Cistercians were adversely affected in England by the Protestant Reformation, the Dissolution of the Monasteries under King Henry VIII, the French Revolution in continental Europe, and the revolutions of the 18th century, but some survived and the order recovered in the 19th century.

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City of Adelaide (1864)

City of Adelaide is a clipper ship, built in Sunderland, England, and launched on 7 May 1864.

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Civil engineer

A civil engineer is a person who practices civil engineering – the application of planning, designing, constructing, maintaining, and operating infrastructures while protecting the public and environmental health, as well as improving existing infrastructures that have been neglected.

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Civilization

A civilization or civilisation (see English spelling differences) is any complex society characterized by urban development, social stratification imposed by a cultural elite, symbolic systems of communication (for example, writing systems), and a perceived separation from and domination over the natural environment.

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Clarence Zener

Clarence Melvin Zener (December 1, 1905 – July 2, 1993) was the American physicist who first (1934) described the property concerning the breakdown of electrical insulators.

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Classic stage

In archaeological cultures of North America, the classic stage is the theoretical North and Meso-American societies that existed between DC 500 and 1200.

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Classical music

Classical music is art music produced or rooted in the traditions of Western culture, including both liturgical (religious) and secular music.

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Clement Clerke

Sir Clement Clerke, 1st Baronet (died 1693) was an important (but financially unsuccessful) English entrepreneur, whose greatest achievement was the application of the reverberatory furnace (cupola) to smelting lead and copper, and to remelting pig iron for foundry purposes.

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Cliff Garrett

John Clifford "Cliff" Garrett (1908 in Seattle, WA - 1963) was an American entrepreneur who founded a company in Los Angeles in 1936 which came to be known as Garrett AiResearch.

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Clinker (waste)

Clinker is a general name given to waste from industrial processes, particularly those that involve smelting metals, welding, burning fossil fuels and use of a blacksmith's forge, which commonly causes a large buildup of clinker around the tuyere.

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Clive Minton

Clive Dudley Thomas Minton, AM (born 7 October 1934) is a British and Australian metallurgist, administrator, management consultant and amateur ornithologist.

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Cluj County

Cluj County (Kolozs megye) is a county (județ) of Romania, in Transylvania, with the capital city at Cluj-Napoca.

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Coal assay

Coal analysis techniques are specific analytical methods designed to measure the particular physical and chemical properties of coals.

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Coal gas

Coal gas is a flammable gaseous fuel made from coal and supplied to the user via a piped distribution system.

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Cobalt extraction

Cobalt extraction refers to the techniques used to extract cobalt from its ores and other compound ores.

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Coercivity

In electrical engineering and materials science, the coercivity, also called the magnetic coercivity, coercive field or coercive force, is a measure of the ability of a ferromagnetic material to withstand an external magnetic field without becoming demagnetized.

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Coin collecting

Coin collecting is the collecting of coins or other forms of minted legal tender.

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Colin Snedeker

Colin M. Snedeker (January 5, 1936 – October 22, 2016) was a British-born American chemist best known as the inventor of the first washable crayons.

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Colloidal crystal

A colloidal crystal is an ordered array of colloid particles, analogous to a standard crystal whose repeating subunits are atoms or molecules.

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Colorado School of Mines

Colorado School of Mines, also referred to as "Mines", is a public teaching and research university in Golden, Colorado, devoted to engineering and applied science, with special expertise in the development and stewardship of the Earth's natural resources.

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Combarbalá

Combarbalá is the capital city of the commune of Combarbala.

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Compañía Minera Atacocha

Atacocha is a Peruvian mining company engaged in the exploration and exploitation of mine concessions.

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Companhia Brasileira de Metalurgia e Mineração

Companhia Brasileira de Metalurgia e Mineração (Portuguese for Brazilian Metallurgy and Mining Company), or CBMM for short, is a Brazilian company that specializes in the mining and processing of niobium, extracted from its pyrochlore mine near the city of Araxá, in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, where the company is also headquartered.

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Companhia União Fabril

The Companhia União Fabril (CUF) is a Portuguese chemical corporation and a part of Grupo José de Mello.

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Condensed matter physics

Condensed matter physics is the field of physics that deals with the macroscopic and microscopic physical properties of matter.

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Conservation-restoration of the Statue of Liberty

The conservation-restoration of the Statue of Liberty spanned from 1984 to 1986.

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Constance Tipper

Constance Fligg Elam Tipper (born Constance Fligg Elam) (6 February 1894 – 14 December 1995) was an English metallurgist and crystallographer.

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Converting (metallurgy)

Converting is a type of metallurgical smelting that includes several processes; the most commercially important form is the treatment of molten metal sulfides to produce crude metal and slag, as in the case of copper and nickel converting.

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Coping saw

A coping saw is a type of bow saw used to cut intricate external shapes and interior cut-outs in woodworking or carpentry.

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Copper extraction

Copper extraction refers to the methods used to obtaining copper from its ores.

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Copper metallurgy in Africa

Copper metallurgy in Africa encompasses the study of copper production across the continent and an understanding of how it influenced aspects of African archaeology.

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Corinthian bronze

Corinthian bronze, also named Corinthian brass or æs Corinthiacum, was a highly valuable metal alloy in classical antiquity.

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Cornelius J. Barton

Cornelius J. Barton (born 1936) is an American metallurgical engineer, businessman and the acting president of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute from April 1998 until July 1999.

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Corrosion engineering

Corrosion Engineering is the specialist discipline of applying scientific knowledge, natural laws and physical resources in order to design and implement materials, structures, devices, systems and procedures to manage the natural phenomenon known as corrosion.

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Council of Scientific and Industrial Research

The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (IAST: vaigyanik tathā audyogik anusandhāna pariṣada; abbreviated as CSIR) was established by the Government of India in 1942 is an autonomous body that has emerged as the largest research and development organisation in India.

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County of Namur

Namur (Namen) was a county of the Carolingian and later Holy Roman Empire in the Low Countries.

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Cradle of civilization

The term "cradle of civilization" refers to locations where, according to current archeological data, civilization is understood to have emerged.

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Critical mineral raw materials

The 27 minerals and other commodities defined as "critical", "at risk", or "strategical" are necessary for a number of technologies of strategic importance; laptops and mobile phones in particular.

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Crystallographic database

A crystallographic database is a database specifically designed to store information about the structure of molecules and crystals.

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Crystallography

Crystallography is the experimental science of determining the arrangement of atoms in crystalline solids (see crystal structure).

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Culcheth Laboratories

Culcheth Laboratories was a British metallurgical and nuclear research institute that researched the structural design of nuclear reactors and reactor pressure vessels in Culcheth, Cheshire, then in south Lancashire and now in the borough of Warrington.

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Culture of Ghana

Ghana is a country of 28.21 million people, compromising many native groups, such as.

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Cupellation

Cupellation is a refining process in metallurgy, where ores or alloyed metals are treated under very high temperatures and have controlled operations to separate noble metals, like gold and silver, from base metals like lead, copper, zinc, arsenic, antimony or bismuth, present in the ore.

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Cutler Hall

The Cutler Hall is a Gothic library building on the Colorado College campus in Colorado Springs, Colorado.

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Cyril Stanley Smith

Cyril Stanley Smith (4 October 1903 – 25 August 1992) was a British metallurgist and historian of science.

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D. B. Cooper

D.

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D. Leonardt & Co.

Leonardt Ltd. (formerly D. Leonardt & Co.) is an English company that specializes in finishing of metal components, manufacturing products such as such as corners for stationery such as leathergoods, photograph albums, menu covers, pattern and carpet books, binders and portfolios.

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D. P. Agrawal

D.

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Dagmar Hülsenberg

Dagmar Hülsenberg (born Sonneberg 2 December 1940) is a German materials scientist and university professor.

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Dan Shechtman

Dan Shechtman (Hebrew: דן שכטמן; born January 24, 1941).

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Daniel Alcides Carrión National University

The Daniel Alcides Carrión National University (Universidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión), or UNDAC for short, is the public university of Cerro de Pasco, Peru.

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Danielle Bleitrach

Danielle Bleitrach (born in 1938) is a French sociologist and journalist.

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Darkhill Ironworks

Darkhill Ironworks, and the neighbouring Titanic Steelworks, are internationally important industrial remains associated with the development of the iron and steel industries.

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Dart Container

Dart Container Corporation of Mason, Michigan, United States is the world's largest manufacturer of foam cups and containers, producing about as many as all competitors combined.

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David Cooksey

Sir David James Scott Cooksey, GBE (born 14 May 1940) is a British businessman, venture capitalist and policy advisor.

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David Mushet

David Mushet (2 October 1772 – 7 June 1847) was a Scottish engineer, known for his inventions in the field of metallurgy.

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David Pettifor

Professor David Pettifor CBE FRS (9 March 1945 - 16 October 2017) was the Isaac Wolfson Professor of Metallurgy at the University of Oxford.

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David Treasure

David Treasure (born) is an English-born former professional rugby league footballer of the 1970s.

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David V. Ragone

David Vincent Ragone (born May 16, 1930) is an American metallurgist, famous for the Ragone chart.

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De la pirotechnia

De la Pirotechnia is considered to be the first printed book on metallurgy to have been published in Europe.

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Dead Ringers (film)

Dead Ringers is a 1988 Canadian-American psychological body horror drama film starring Jeremy Irons in a dual role as identical twin gynecologists.

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Defence industry of India

The Defence industry of India is a strategically important sector in India.

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Deformation mechanism

In structural geology, metallurgy and materials science, deformation mechanisms refer to the various mechanisms at the grain scale that are responsible for accommodating large plastic strains in rocks, metals and other materials.

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Democratic Republic of Georgia

The Democratic Republic of Georgia (DRG; საქართველოს დემოკრატიული რესპუბლიკა) existed from May 1918 to February 1921 and was the first modern establishment of a Republic of Georgia. The DRG was created after the collapse of the Russian Empire that began with the Russian Revolution of 1917. Its established borders were with the Kuban People's Republic and the Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus in the north, the Ottoman Empire and the First Republic of Armenia in the south, and the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic in the southeast. It had a total land area of roughly 107,600 km2 (by comparison, the total area of today's Georgia is 69,700 km2), and a population of 2.5 million. The republic's capital was Tbilisi, and its state language was Georgian. Proclaimed on May 26, 1918, on the break-up of the Transcaucasian Federation, it was led by the Georgian Social Democratic Party (also known as the Georgian Menshevik Party). Facing permanent internal and external problems, the young state was unable to withstand invasion by the Russian SFSR Red Armies, and collapsed between February and March 1921 to become a Soviet republic.

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Dendrite (metal)

A dendrite in metallurgy is a characteristic tree-like structure of crystals growing as molten metal freezes, the shape produced by faster growth along energetically favourable crystallographic directions.

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Denez Prigent

Denez Prigent (born 17 February 1966 in Santec, Finistère) is a Breton folk singer-songwriter of the gwerz and kan ha diskan styles of Breton music.

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Deoxidization

Deoxidization is a method used in metallurgy to remove the oxygen content during steel manufacturing.

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Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge

The Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy (DMSM) is a large research and teaching division of the University of Cambridge.

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Department of Materials, University of Oxford

The Department of Materials at the University of Oxford, England was founded in the 1950s as the Department of Metallurgy, by William Hume-Rothery, who was a reader in Oxford's Department of Inorganic Chemistry.

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Dependeq

Dependeq Industrial Plant Engineering GmbH was an Austrian company, headquartered inside Palais Fanto at Schwarzenbergplatz, Vienna with activities in the fields of process engineering and industrial plant supply for the chemical and metallurgical industry.

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Dickite

Dickite (Al2Si2O5(OH)4) is a phyllosilicate clay mineral named after the metallurgical chemist Allan Brugh Dick, who first described it.

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Die-deterioration doubling

Die deterioration doubling (DDD) is an extremely common form of mint-made error on many United States and Canadian coins that results from degradation of the die used to strike the coin.

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Discontinued merit badges (Boy Scouts of America)

This is a list of merit badges formerly offered by the Boy Scouts of America.

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Distributed control system

A distributed control system (DCS) is a computerised control system for a process or plant usually with a large number of control loops, in which autonomous controllers are distributed throughout the system, but there is central operator supervisory control.

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Dmitry Chernov

Dmitry Konstantinovich Chernov (or Tchernov, Дмитрий Константинович Чернов; Saint-Petersburg - January 2, 1921 Yalta) was a Russian metallurgist.

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Dmitry Ivanovich Vinogradov

Dmitry Ivanovich Vinogradov (Дмитрий Иванович Виноградов) (c.1720 &ndash) was a Russian chemist who developed Russian hard-paste porcelain; he was the founder of the Imperial Porcelain Factory.

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Dnepropetrovsk maniacs

The Dnepropetrovsk maniacs (Дніпропетровські маніяки, Днепропетровские маньяки) are Ukrainian serial killers responsible for a string of murders in Dnipropetrovsk in June and July 2007.

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Dnieper Metallurgical Combine

Dnieper Metallurgical Combine (translit) is one of the biggest metallurgical companies in the country along with Kryvorizhstal and Illich Steel and Iron Works.

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Domestication of the horse

A number of hypotheses exist on many of the key issues regarding the domestication of the horse.

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Donald A. Dahlstrom

Donald Albert Dahlstrom (1920 – June 16, 2004) was recognized by the AIChE as one 100 prominent chemical engineers of the modern era, for his work on liquid-solids separation, 100 Chemical Engineers of the Modern Era particularly with respect to the hydrocyclone.

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Donald L. Ritter

Donald Lawrence Ritter (born October 21, 1940) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

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Donald N. Frey

Donald Nelson Frey (pronounced Frī) (March 23, 1923 – March 5, 2010), was widely known as the Ford Motor Company product manager who, along with Lee Iacocca and others, developed the Ford Mustang into a viable project — and who ultimately supervised the development of the car in a record 18 months.

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Donbass

The Donbass (Донба́сс) or Donbas (Донба́с) is a historical, cultural, and economic region in eastern Ukraine and southwestern Russia.

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Donbass general elections, 2014

Elections were held on 2 November 2014 by the Donetsk and Luhansk People's Republics.

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Donetsk

Donetsk (Донецьк; Доне́цк; former names: Aleksandrovka, Hughesovka, Yuzovka, Stalino (see also: cities' alternative names)) is an industrial city in Ukraine on the Kalmius River.

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Dongling Group

Dong Ling Group is a conglomerate in the mining, metallurgy, and coking industries.

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Doris Kuhlmann-Wilsdorf

Doris Kuhlmann-Wilsdorf (February 15, 1922 – March 25, 2010) was a German metallurgist.

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Double diffusive convection

Double diffusive convection is a fluid dynamics phenomenon that describes a form of convection driven by two different density gradients, which have different rates of diffusion.

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Double hammer

A double hammer is a forging implement used in metallurgy.

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Drake's Plate of Brass

The so-called Drake's Plate of Brass is a forgery that purports to be the brass plaque that Francis Drake posted upon landing in Northern California in 1579.

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Državni posao

Državni posao (English: The State Job) is a Serbian television comedy show starring Dimitrije Banjac, Nikola Škorić and Dejan Ćirjaković.

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Dream Pool Essays

The Dream Pool Essays or Dream Torrent Essays (Pinyin: Mèng Xī Bǐ Tán; Wade-Giles: Meng⁴ Hsi¹ Pi³-t'an²; Chinese: 夢溪筆談/梦溪笔谈) was an extensive book written by the Han Chinese polymath, genius, scientist and statesman Shen Kuo (1031-1095) by 1088 AD, during the Song dynasty (960-1279) of China.

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Drohobych

Drohobych (Дрогóбич; Дрогобыч; Drohobycz; דראָהאָביטש) is a city of regional significance in Lviv Oblast, Ukraine.

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Du Shi

Du Shi (d. 38Crespigny, 183.) was a Chinese politician and mechanical engineer of the Eastern Han Dynasty in ancient China.

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DU spectrophotometer

The DU spectrophotometer or Beckman DU, introduced in 1941, was the first commercially viable scientific instrument for measuring the amount of ultraviolet light absorbed by a substance.

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DuBois, Pennsylvania

DuBois is a city and most populous community in Clearfield County, Pennsylvania, United States.

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Dudley College

Dudley College of Technology is a further and higher education college based in Dudley, England.

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Dwarf (Middle-earth)

In the fantasy of J. R. R. Tolkien, the Dwarves are a race inhabiting Middle-earth, the central continent of Earth in an imagined mythological past.

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Dynamic quartz recrystallization

Quartz is the most abundant single mineral in the earth's crust (behind the feldspar group), and as such is present in a very large proportion of rocks both as primary crystals and as detrital grains in sedimentary and metamorphic rocks.

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Dynamic recrystallization

Dynamic recrystallization (DRX) is a type of recrystallization process, found within the fields of metallurgy and geology.

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E. S. Dwarakadasa

Prof.

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Early Dynastic Period (Mesopotamia)

The Early Dynastic period (abbreviated ED period or ED) is an archaeological culture in Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq) that is generally dated to c. 2900–2350 BC and was preceded by the Uruk and Jemdet Nasr periods.

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Early life of Jan Smuts

Jan Christian Smuts (aka Jan Christiaan Smuts), OM, CH, ED, KC, FRS (24 May 1870–11 September 1950) was a prominent South African and Commonwealth statesman, military leader, and philosopher.

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Earnshaw Cook

Earnshaw Cook (March 28, 1900 in Reisterstown, Maryland – November 11, 1987 in Baltimore, Maryland) was an early researcher and proponent of sabermetrics, the analysis of baseball through statistical means.

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Economic history of Portugal

The economic history of Portugal covers the development of the economy throughout the course of Portuguese history.

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Economic history of Taiwan

The recordkeeping and development of the economic history of Taiwan started in the Age of Discovery.

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Economic reforms under Peter the Great

In the year 1682, Peter the Great became the new Tsar of Russia.

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Economy of Alberta

Alberta's economy is the sum of all economic activity in Alberta, Canada's fourth largest province by population.

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Economy of Belo Horizonte

Belo Horizonte, Brazil's sixth largest city, and the capital of Minas Gerais state, has a vibrant, diversified economy.

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Economy of Bulgaria

The economy of Bulgaria functions on the principles of the free market, having a large private sector and a smaller public one.

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Economy of China

The socialist market economy of the People's Republic of China is the world's second largest economy by nominal GDP and the world's largest economy by purchasing power parity according to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), although China's National Bureau of Statistics denies the latter assessment.

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Economy of France

France has the world's 6th largest economy by 2017 nominal figures and the 10th largest economy by PPP figures.

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Economy of Hungary

Hungary is an OECD high-income mixed economy with a very high human development index and a skilled labour force, with the 13th lowest income inequality in the world; furthermore it is the 14th most complex economy according to the Economic Complexity Index.

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Economy of Luxembourg

The economy of Luxembourg is largely dependent on the banking, steel, and industrial sectors.

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Economy of Portugal

Portugal ranked 42nd in the WEF's Global Competitiveness Report for 2017–2018.

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Economy of Romania

Romania, as part of the European Union single market, is a fast developing, upper-middle income mixed economy with a very high Human Development Index and a skilled labour force, the 16th largest in the European Union by total nominal GDP and the 13th largest based on purchasing power parity.

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Economy of Saint Petersburg

St. Petersburg is a major trade gateway, financial and industrial center of Russia specialising in oil and gas trade, shipbuilding yards, aerospace industry, radio and electronics, software and computers; machine building, heavy machinery and transport, including tanks and other military equipment, mining, instrument manufacture, ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy (production of aluminium alloys), chemicals, pharmaceuticals, medical equipment, publishing and printing, food and catering, wholesale and retail, textile and apparel industries, and many other businesses.

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Economy of Sheffield

In 2008, Sheffield ranked among the top 10 UK cities as a business locationhttp://www.cushwake.com/cwglobal/jsp/kcReportDetail.jsp?Country.

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Economy of Swansea

The City and County of Swansea is an urban centre with a largely rural hinterland in Gower; the city has been described as the regional centre for South West Wales.

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Economy of Tangier

Tangier's economy is the third biggest of all Moroccan cities, after the economic capital Casablanca and the political capital Rabat.

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Economy of the Empire of Brazil

The Economy of the Empire of Brazil was centered on export of raw materials when the country became independent in 1822.

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Economy of the Maya civilization

Economy is conventionally defined as a function for production and distribution of goods and services by multiple agents within a society and/or geographical area.

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Economy of the Socialist Republic of Romania

The Economy of the Socialist Republic of Romania was centrally planned similar to the one of the Soviet Union.

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Economy of the Soviet Union

The economy of the Soviet Union (экономика Советского Союза) was based on a system of state ownership of the means of production, collective farming, industrial manufacturing and centralized administrative planning.

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Economy of Turkey

The economy of Turkey is defined as an emerging market economy by the IMF.

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Economy of Urartu

The economy of Urartu refers to the principles of management of Urartu, the ancient state of Western Asia which existed from the thirteenth to the sixth century BC.

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Economy of Uzbekistan

Since gaining independence, the has stated that it is committed to a gradual transition to a market-based economy.

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Economy of Wales

The economy of Wales is closely linked with the rest of the United Kingdom and the wider European Economic Area.

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Edgar Bain

Edgar Collins Bain (September 14, 1891 – November 27, 1971) was an American metallurgist and member of the National Academy of Sciences, who worked for the US Steel Corporation of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

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Edison Engineering Development Program

The Edison Engineering Development Program (EEDP) is one of General Electric's six corporate entry level programs.

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Edmond Henry Horne

Edmund Henry (E.H) Horne, (February 13, 1865 – March 15, 1953) was a Canadian businessman and prospector.

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Edmond Pourchot

Edmond Pourchot (1651, Poilly – 1734, Paris) was a university professor noted for his controversial advocacy of Cartesianism (and the Cartesian theory of mechanics) in place of Aristotelianism.

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Edmund Knowles Muspratt

Edmund Knowles Muspratt (6 November 1833 – 1 September 1923) was an English chemical industrialist.

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Eduard Shifrin

Eduard Volodymyrovych Shifrin (Едуард Володимирович Шифрін; Эдуа́рд Влади́мирович Шифри́н; born 12 July 1960) is a Ukrainian-Russian entrepreneur who is a co-owner of the Midland Group.

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Education in Odisha

Previously a neglected aspect of the state, which was not a focus of the Indian Central government, Education in Odisha is witnessing a rapid transformation.

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Education in Peć

Education in Peć, Kosovo, is a system with no tuition fees, mandatory for all children between the ages of 6-18.

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Edward Creutz

Edward Creutz (January 23, 1913 – June 27, 2009) was an American physicist who worked on the Manhattan Project at the Metallurgical Laboratory and the Los Alamos Laboratory during World War II.

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Ekkehard Schulz

Ekkehard Schulz (born 24 July 1941) is the former CEO and Chairman of the Executive board of ThyssenKrupp AG and has been a member of this organization since 1991.

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Elbasan

Elbasan (Albanian: Elbasan or Elbasani) is a city and a municipality in Elbasan County, central Albania.

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Electric Smelting and Aluminum Company

The Electric Smelting and Aluminum Company, founded as Cowles Electric Smelting and Aluminum Company, and Cowles Syndicate Company, Limited, formed in the United States and England during the mid-1880s to extract and supply valuable metals.

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Electro sinter forging

Electro sinter forging (ESF) is an industrial single electromagnetic pulse sintering technique to rapidly produce a wide range of small components in metals, alloys, intermetallics, semiconductors, and composites.

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Electrochemistry

Electrochemistry is the branch of physical chemistry that studies the relationship between electricity, as a measurable and quantitative phenomenon, and identifiable chemical change, with either electricity considered an outcome of a particular chemical change or vice versa.

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Electron microprobe

An electron microprobe (EMP), also known as an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) or electron micro probe analyzer (EMPA), is an analytical tool used to non-destructively determine the chemical composition of small volumes of solid materials.

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Electronics industry in China

The electronic information industry in China grew rapidly after the liberalization of the economy under the national strategic policy of accelerating the "informatization" of its industrial development.

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Electrotherm

Electrotherm (India) Limited was founded in 1983 to cater to the needs of all segments of steel industry, foundries and heat treatment industry.

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Elektrostal

Elektrostal (Электроста́ль, from Russian Электро (Elektro), lit: Electric and Сталь (Stal), lit: Steel) is a city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located east of Moscow.

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Elias Anton Cappelen Smith

Elias Anton Cappelen Smith (6 November 1873 – 25 June 1949) was a Norwegian American chemical engineer, civil engineer and metallurgist.

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Ellingham diagram

An Ellingham diagram is a graph showing the temperature dependence of the stability for compounds.

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Elqui River

The Elqui River starts in the west Andes and flows into the Pacific Ocean near the Chilean city of La Serena.

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Elwood Haynes

Elwood Haynes (October 14, 1857 – April 13, 1925) was an American inventor, metallurgist, automotive pioneer, entrepreneur and industrialist.

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Emanuel Swedenborg

Emanuel Swedenborg ((born Emanuel Swedberg; 29 January 1688 – 29 March 1772) was a Swedish Lutheran theologian, scientist, philosopher, revelator and mystic who inspired Swedenborgianism. He is best known for his book on the afterlife, Heaven and Hell (1758). Swedenborg had a prolific career as an inventor and scientist. In 1741, at 53, he entered into a spiritual phase in which he began to experience dreams and visions, beginning on Easter Weekend, on 6 April 1744. It culminated in a 'spiritual awakening' in which he received a revelation that he was appointed by the Lord Jesus Christ to write The Heavenly Doctrine to reform Christianity. According to The Heavenly Doctrine, the Lord had opened Swedenborg's spiritual eyes so that from then on, he could freely visit heaven and hell and talk with angels, demons and other spirits and the Last Judgment had already occurred the year before, in 1757. For the last 28 years of his life, Swedenborg wrote 18 published theological works—and several more that were unpublished. He termed himself a "Servant of the Lord Jesus Christ" in True Christian Religion, which he published himself. Some followers of The Heavenly Doctrine believe that of his theological works, only those that were published by Swedenborg himself are fully divinely inspired.

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Emepa Group

Grupo Emepa (English: Emepa Group) is an Argentine manufacturer of railway vehicles and owner of Ferrovías (which operates on the Belgrano Norte Line), with headquarters located in the city of Buenos Aires.

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Emil Truog

Emil Truog was born on a farm near Independence, Wisconsin.

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Emma Gilham Page

Emma Hayden (née Gilham) Page (September 27, 1855 – February 14, 1933) was the youngest daughter of Major William Gilham, Commandant of Cadets at Virginia Military Institute (VMI) in Lexington, Virginia, where she was born 5½ years before the beginning of the American Civil War.

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Encyclopédie Méthodique

The Encyclopédie méthodique par ordre des matières ("Methodical Encyclopedia by Order of Subject Matter") was published between 1782 and 1832 by the French publisher Charles Joseph Panckoucke, his son-in-law Henri Agasse, and the latter´s wife, Thérèse-Charlotte Agasse.

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Engineer

Engineers, as practitioners of engineering, are people who invent, design, analyze, build, and test machines, systems, structures and materials to fulfill objectives and requirements while considering the limitations imposed by practicality, regulation, safety, and cost.

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Engineering apprentice

An engineering apprenticeship in the United Kingdom is an apprenticeship in mechanical engineering or electrical engineering or aeronautical engineering to train craftsmen, technicians, senior technicians, Incorporated Engineers and Chartered Engineer for vocational oriented work and professional practice.

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Engineering education

Engineering education is the activity of teaching knowledge and principles to the professional practice of engineering.

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Engineering physics

Engineering physics or engineering science refers to the study of the combined disciplines of physics, mathematics and engineering, particularly computer, nuclear, electrical, electronic, materials or mechanical engineering.

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Engineers India

Engineers India Limited (EIL) is a Navratna public-sector undertaking of the Government of India under the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas.

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Entrainment defect

An entrainment defect is a term used in metallurgy to describe a defect created in a casting by the folding-over of the oxidized surface layer of the molten metal into the bulk liquid.

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Entre Ríos Province

Entre Ríos (Between Rivers) is a central province of Argentina, located in the Mesopotamia region.

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Environmental determinism

Environmental determinism (also known as climatic determinism or geographical determinism) is the study of how the physical environment predisposes societies and states towards particular development trajectories.

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Eramet

Eramet is a French multinational mining and metallurgy company, listed on the Euronext Paris exchange under the symbol ERA.

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Ernest Chantre

Ernest Chantre (13 January 1843, Lyon – 24 November 1924, Écully) was a prominent French archaeologist and anthropologist.

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Ernest Kirkendall

Ernest Oliver Kirkendall (July 6, 1914 – August 22, 2005) was an American chemist and metallurgist.

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Ernst von Bibra

Dr.

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Erol Ozensoy

Erol Ozensoy (born 1953), a self-made Turkish entrepreneur, industrialist and businessmen, who founded Kimetsan, one of the largest chemical companies in Turkey today.

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Escola Politécnica da UFRJ

The Polytechnic School of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (Portuguese: Escola Politécnica da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro), also called "Poli", founded in 1792, is the third oldest engineering school in the world and oldest in the Americas, with the Military Institute of Engineering (Instituto Militar de Engenharia - IME) being one of the first institutions of higher education in Brazil.

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ESIQIE

The Higher Education School of Chemical Engineering and Extractive Industries (in Spanish: Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas or ESIQIE) was founded as part of the National Polytechnic Institute in 1948.

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Espace Métal

The Espace Métal is a museum located in the ancient Charcoal Hall at Grossouvre, near to St Amand Monrond in the Cher department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of France.

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Estado Novo (Portugal)

The Estado Novo ("New State"), or the Second Republic, was the corporatist authoritarian regime installed in Portugal in 1933, which was considered fascist.

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EVOP

Evolutionary Operation (EVOP) is a manufacturing process-optimization technique developed in the 1950s by George E. P. Box.

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Exfoliation corrosion (metallurgy)

In metallurgy, exfoliation corrosion (also called lamellar corrosion) is a severe type of intergranular corrosion that raises surface grains from metal by forming corrosion products at grain boundaries under the surface.

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Experimental archaeometallurgy

Experimental archaeometallurgy is a subset of experimental archaeology that specifically involves past metallurgical processes most commonly involving the replication of copper and iron objects as well as testing the methodology behind the production of ancient metals and metal objects.

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Extractive metallurgy

Extractive metallurgy is a branch of metallurgical engineering wherein process and methods of extraction of metals from their natural mineral deposits are studied.

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Fazal Ahmad Khalid

Fazal Ahmad Khalid (Urdu: فضل احمد خالد; born 31 December 1957),, is a Pakistani metallurgical engineer and professor of materials science at the Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology (GIKI).

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Federal Center for Technological Education of Rio de Janeiro

The Federal Center for Technological Education "Celso Suckow da Fonseca", also known as Federal Center for Technological Education of Rio de Janeiro (Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca or Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica do Rio de Janeiro, CEFET/RJ) is one of the most traditional Brazilian federal educational institution subordinated to the Brazilian Ministry of Education.

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Federal University of Ouro Preto

The Federal University of Ouro Preto (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, UFOP) was established in August 21, 1969 from the merger of two century-old higher education institutions: the School Pharmacy of Ouro Preto, founded in 1839, and School of Mines of Ouro Preto founded in 1876, both located in Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais.

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Federal University of Rio de Janeiro

The Federal University of Rio de Janeiro or University of Brazil (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ or Universidade do Brasil) is a public university in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

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Ferrocerium

Ferrocerium is a synthetic pyrophoric alloy that produces hot sparks that can reach temperatures of when rapidly oxidized by the process of striking.

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Ferrous metallurgy

Ferrous metallurgy is the metallurgy of iron and its alloys.

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Field artillery

Field artillery is a category of mobile artillery used to support armies in the field.

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Figurative system of human knowledge

The "figurative system of human knowledge", sometimes known as the tree of Diderot and d'Alembert, was a tree developed to represent the structure of knowledge itself, produced for the Encyclopédie by Jean le Rond d'Alembert and Denis Diderot.

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Five-Year Plans of Argentina

The Five Year Plan was an Argentine state-planning strategy, during the first government of President Juan Domingo Perón.

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FK Liepājas Metalurgs

FK Liepājas Metalurgs (Futbola klubs "Liepājas metalurgs") was a Latvian football club in the city of Liepāja and playing in the Virslīga.

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Flux (metallurgy)

In metallurgy, a flux (derived from Latin fluxus meaning “flow”) is a chemical cleaning agent, flowing agent, or purifying agent.

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Fordson

Fordson was a brand name of tractors and trucks.

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Formula One engines

Since its inception in 1947, Formula One has used a variety of engine regulations.

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Fossano

Fossano is a town and comune of Piedmont, northern Italy.

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Foster-Miller

Foster-Miller, Inc., is a United States-based military robotics manufacturer, a division of the United Kingdom's Qinetiq North America.

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Fox family of Falmouth

The Fox family of Falmouth, Cornwall, UK were very influential in the development of the town of Falmouth in the 19th century and of the Cornish Industrial Revolution.

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France–Netherlands relations

The French–Dutch relations refer to the interstate and bilateral relations between France and the Netherlands.

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Francis B. Foley

Francis B. Foley (July 7, 1887 – February. 1973), was an American ferrous metallurgist.

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Francis J. Harvey

Francis Joseph Harvey (born July 8, 1943) served as the 19th Secretary of the United States Army from November 19, 2004 to March 9, 2007.

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Frank Ewart Smith

Sir Frank Ewart Smith FRS (31 May 1897 – 14 June 1995), known as Sir Ewart Smith was a scholar, military scientist, and technical director, then Deputy Chairman of Imperial Chemical Industries.

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Frank Forward

Dr.

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Frank Mücklich

Frank Mücklich (born August 17, 1959) is a German materials scientist.

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Frank Nabarro

Frank Reginald Nunes Nabarro MBE OMS FRS (7 March 1916 – 20 July 2006) was an English-born South African physicist and one of the pioneers of solid-state physics, which underpins much of 21st-century technology.

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Frank Newman Speller

Frank Newman Speller, Sr (January 1, 1875 – January 1, 1968) was a Canadian born American metallurgical engineer notable for his pioneering text on corrosion in 1926.

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Frank Newman Speller Award

The Frank Newman Speller Award is an annual award for significant contributions to corrosion engineering and is administered by NACE International.

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Frank Zappa

Frank Vincent Zappa (December 21, 1940 – December 4, 1993) was an American musician, composer, activist and filmmaker.

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Franz Ludwig von Cancrin

Franz Ludwig von Cancrin (February 21, 1738 – 1812) was a German mineralogist, metallurgist, architect and writer.

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Frederick Seitz

Frederick Seitz (July 4, 1911 – March 2, 2008) was an American physicist and a pioneer of solid state physics.

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Fredrik Vogt

Fredrik Vogt (23 December 189226 January 1970) was a Norwegian engineer and civil servant.

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Frictional contact mechanics

Contact mechanics is the study of the deformation of solids that touch each other at one or more points.

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Friday Osanebi

Friday Ossai Osanebi (born August 7, 1980) is a Nigerian and a member of the Delta State House of Assembly the Lawmaker representing Ndokwa East Local Government Constituency in the State House of Assembly.

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Friedrich Eisenkolb

Friedrich Eisenkolb (5 January 1901 – 29 September 1967) was a German metallurgist.

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Friedrich Wilhelm von Reden

Friedrich Wilhelm von Reden (23 March 1752 – 3 July 1815) was a German pioneer in mining and metallurgy.

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Fritz Aldinger

Fritz Aldinger (born 30 April 1941 in Marbach am Neckar) is a German materials scientist.

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Fritz Johann Hansgirg

Fritz Johann Hansgirg (18911949) was an Austrian electrochemist and metallurgist who in 1928 invented the carbothermic magnesium reduction process (magnesium, like calcium, can be used to reduce uranium oxide to pure uranium metal for use in nuclear weapons), similar to the Pidgeon process.

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Fritz Thyssen

Friedrich "Fritz" Thyssen (9 November 1873 – 8 February 1951) was a German businessman, born into one of Germany's leading industrial families.

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Friuli innovazione

Friuli Innovazione is a center of research and technology transfer based in Udine (Italy).

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Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science

The Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science (popularly known as SEAS or Columbia Engineering) is the engineering and applied science school of Columbia University.

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Fuad Issa al-Jouni

Fuad Issa al-Jouni (also Fouad; فؤاد عيسى الجوني; born 1950) is a former Minister of Industry for Syria.

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Furnace

A furnace is a device used for high-temperature heating.

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Fushi Copperweld

Fushi Copperweld, Inc. (Simplified Chinese: 傅氏科普威) is a Sino-American company based in Beijing, China.

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Fyodor Grigoryevich Reshetnikov

Fyodor Grigoryevich Reshetnikov (Фёдор Григорьевич Решетников; 25 November 1919 – 19 June 2011) was a Russian physicist, chemist, and metallurgist.

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Gadolinium

Gadolinium is a chemical element with symbol Gd and atomic number 64.

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Galați steel works

The Galați steel works (Combinatul Siderurgic Galaţi), formally ArcelorMittal Galați and formerly Sidex Galați, is a steel mill in Galaţi, Romania, the country's largest.

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Galicia (Spain)

Galicia (Galician: Galicia, Galiza; Galicia; Galiza) is an autonomous community of Spain and historic nationality under Spanish law.

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Garrett AiResearch

Garrett AiResearch was a manufacturer of turboprop engines and turbochargers, and a pioneer in numerous aerospace technologies.

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Gas Council Engineering Research Station

The Gas Council Engineering Research Station was a former engineering research institute on Tyneside, situated in a distinctively-shaped and listed building, now occupied by the Metropolitan Borough of North Tyneside.

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Gaspard Monge

Gaspard Monge, Comte de Péluse (9 May 1746 – 28 July 1818) was a French mathematician, the inventor of descriptive geometry (the mathematical basis of technical drawing), and the father of differential geometry.

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Gavan Breen

Gavan Breen (born 22 January 1935) is an Australian linguist, specializing in the description of Australian Aboriginal languages.

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Göbekli Tepe

Göbekli Tepe, Turkish for "Potbelly Hill", is an archaeological site in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey, approximately northeast of the city of Şanlıurfa.

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Gejiu

(Hani: Goqjef; Wade-Giles: Ko-Chiu; formerly known as Kotchiu) is a county-level city and the former capital of Honghe prefecture, Yunnan Province, China, and has 136,000 inhabitants (ranked in Yunnan).

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Gen 75 Committee

The Gen 75 Committee was a committee of the British cabinet, convened by the Prime Minister, Clement Attlee, on 10 August 1945.

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General Pueyrredón Partido

General Pueyrredón Partido is a partido located on the Atlantic coast of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina.

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Geoffrey Raynor

Geoffrey Vincent Raynor FRS (2 October 1913 – 20 October 1983) was an English metallurgist and university academic.

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Geological Survey of Canada

The Geological Survey of Canada (GSC; Commission géologique du Canada (CGC)) is a Canadian federal government agency responsible for performing geological surveys of the country, developing Canada's natural resources and protecting the environment.

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Geology of the Appalachians

The geology of the Appalachians dates back to more than 480 million years ago.

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Geometallurgy

Geometallurgy relates to the practice of combining geology or geostatistics with metallurgy, or, more specifically, extractive metallurgy, to create a spatially or geologically based predictive model for mineral processing plants.

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Georg Wilhelm de Gennin

Georg Wilhelm de Gennin (Георг Вильгельм де Геннин) or Vilim Ivanovich de Gennin (Вилим Иванович де Геннин) (October 11, 1665 — April 12, 1750) was a German-born Russian military officer and engineer who specialized in mining and metallurgy.

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George Cameron Stone

George Cameron Stone (August 6, 1859 in Geneva, New York – November 18, 1935 in New York City, New York) was a well-known American arms collector and author as well as an American mining engineer and metallurgist.

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George Cecil Jones

George Cecil Jones, Jr. (10 January 1873 – 30 October 1960),Who's Who in Science, 1913) was a British chemist, occultist, one time member of the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn and co-founder of the magical order A∴A∴. According to author and occultist Aleister Crowley, Jones lived for some time in Basingstoke, Hampshire, England, working at a metallurgy there.

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George D. W. Smith

George David William Smith FRS, FIMMM, FInstP, FRSC, CEng (b. 1943, in Aldershot, Hampshire) is a materials scientist with special interest in the study of the microstructure, composition and properties of engineering materials at the atomic level.

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George Dawson Preston

Prof George Dawson Preston FRSE (1896–1972) was a 20th century British physicist specialising in crystallography and the structure of alloys.

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George Jarvis Brush

George Jarvis Brush (1831–1912) was an American mineralogist and academic administrator who spent most of his career at Yale University in the Sheffield Scientific School.

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George K. Burgess

George Kimball Burgess (January 4, 1874 – July 2, 1932) was an American physicist, considered one of the most notable scientists of his era.

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George Lambert (Australian politician)

George James Lambert (6 April 1879 – 30 June 1941) was an Australian politician who was a Labor Party member of the Legislative Assembly of Western Australia from 1916 to 1930 and again from 1933 until his death.

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George Mattson (synthesizer inventor)

George Mattson (born October 1954) is an American inventor, and is an early pioneer in electronic music synthesizer technology.

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George W. Comstock

George Wills Comstock (January 7, 1915 – July 15, 2007) was a public health physician, epidemiologist, and educator.

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Georges Charpy

Georges Charpy, full name Georges Augustin Albert Charpy (1 September 1865 – 25 November 1945) was the French scientist who created the Charpy impact test.

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Georgi Ananiev

Georgi Gervanov Ananiev (Георги Герванов Ананиев; born 12 April 1950) is a Bulgarian politician who served as Minister of Defence in the Kostov government between 1997 and 1999.

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Georgia (country)

Georgia (tr) is a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia.

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Georgian Technical University

Georgian Technical University (GTU, formerly V.I. Lenin Georgian Polytechnical Institute) is the main and largest technical university of Georgia.

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Georgii Kurdyumov

Georgii Vyacheslavovich Kurdyumov (February 14, 1902 – July 6, 1996) was a Soviet metallurgist and physicist.

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Georgy Konstantinovich Totibadze

Georgy Konstantinovich Totibadze, born and dead was a georgian painter.

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Gerhard Herzberg Canada Gold Medal for Science and Engineering

The Gerhard Herzberg Canada Gold Medal for Science and Engineering is awarded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada to recognize "research contributions characterized by both excellence and influence." Prior to 2000, NSERC had awarded the Canada Gold Medal for Science and Engineering, before deciding to rename the award to honour Gerhard Herzberg, winner of the 1971 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

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German Khan

German Borisovich Khan (Герман Борисович Хан; born 24 October 1961) is a Ukrainian-Russian billionaire businessman.

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Getafe

Getafe is a city in the south of the Madrid metropolitan area, Spain, and one of the most populated and industrialised cities in the area.

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Gheorghe Cornea

Gheorghe Cornea is a former professional football player of Romanian nationality converted into a professional football coach.

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Gibil

Gibil in Sumerian mythology is the god of fire, variously of the son of An and Ki, An and Shala or of Ishkur and Shala.

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Gilbert Klingel

Gilbert Clarence Klingel (1908–1983) was a naturalist, boatbuilder, adventurer, photographer, author, inventor, contributor to the Baltimore Sun, for a time affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History in New York and a member of the Maryland Academy of Sciences, and a curator and charter member of the Natural History Society of Maryland.

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Giovanni Aurelio Augurello

Giovanni Aurelio Augurello (Joannes Aurelius Augurellus) (1441–1524) was an Italian humanist scholar, poet and alchemist.

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Gliwice

Gliwice (Gleiwitz) is a city in Upper Silesia, southern Poland, near Katowice.

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Gobán Saor

The Gobán Saor was a highly skilled smith or architect in Irish history and legend.

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Gofannon

Gofannon is a Middle Welsh reflex of Gobannus, one of the deities worshipped by the ancient Celts.

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Golden Gate Bridge

The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning the Golden Gate, the strait connecting San Francisco Bay and the Pacific Ocean.

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Gordon Battelle

Gordon Battelle (10 August 1883 – 21 September 1923) was the founder of Battelle Memorial Institute, a non-profit independent research and development organization.

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Gouffre Berger

The Gouffre Berger is a French cave discovered on 24 May 1953 by Joseph Berger, Bouvet, Ruiz de Arcaute and Marc Jouffray.

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Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar

For OSME (Diploma Stream), Keonjhar, see Orissa School of Mining Engineering, Keonjhar.

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Government College of Engineering, Salem

The Government College of Engineering, Salem in Salem, Tamil Nadu, India, is an engineering education center in the state of Tamil Nadu.

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Graeme Davies

Sir Graeme John Davies (born 7 April 1937) is a New Zealand engineer, academic and administrator.

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GrafTech

GrafTech International Holdings Inc., commonly referred to as GrafTech, is a manufacturer of carbon and graphite products founded in 1886 and headquartered in Independence, Ohio.

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Grafton Elliot Smith

Sir Grafton Elliot Smith, FRS FRCP (15 August 1871 – 1 January 1937) was an Australian-British anatomist, Egyptologist and a proponent of the hyperdiffusionist view of prehistory.

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Grain boundary strengthening

Grain-boundary strengthening (or Hall–Petch strengthening) is a method of strengthening materials by changing their average crystallite (grain) size.

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Grain flow

A grain flow is a type of sediment-gravity flow in which the supporting fluid, which can be either air or water, acts only as a lubricant, and grains within the flow remain in suspension due to grain-to-grain collisions that generate a dispersive pressure to prevent further settling.

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Grandfontaine, Bas-Rhin

Grandfontaine is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

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Great Leap Forward

The Great Leap Forward of the People's Republic of China (PRC) was an economic and social campaign by the Communist Party of China (CPC) from 1958 to 1962.

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Green strength

Green strength, or handling strength, can be defined as the strength of a material it is processed to form its final ultimate tensile strength.

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Grossouvre

Grossouvre is a commune in the Cher department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of France.

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Groundwater pollution

Groundwater pollution (also called groundwater contamination) occurs when pollutants are released to the ground and make their way down into groundwater.

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GTE

GTE Corporation, formerly General Telephone & Electronics Corporation (1955–1982), was the largest independent telephone company in the United States during the days of the Bell System.

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Guangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone

Guangzhou Economic and Technological Development District (GETDD) is one of the first national economic development zones in China.

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Guillaume Daniel Delprat

Guillaume Daniel Delprat CBE (1 September 1856 – 15 March 1937) was a Dutch-Australian metallurgist, mining engineer, and businessman.

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Gun barrel

A gun barrel is a crucial part of gun-type ranged weapons such as small firearms, artillery pieces and air guns.

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Gundestrup cauldron

The Gundestrup cauldron is a richly decorated silver vessel, thought to date from between 200 BC and 300 AD,Nielsen, S; Andersen, J; Baker, J; Christensen, C; Glastrup, J; et al.

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Guryevsky District, Kemerovo Oblast

Guryevsky District (Гу́рьевский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the nineteen in Kemerovo Oblast, Russia.

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Gustav Heinrich Johann Apollon Tammann

Gustav Heinrich Johann Apollon Tammann (– 17 December 1938) was a prominent chemist-physicist of Estonian and Baltic-German descent who made important contributions in the fields of glassy and solid solutions, heterogeneous equilibria, crystallization, and metallurgy.

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Gustav Lindenthal

Gustav Lindenthal (May 21, 1850 – July 31, 1935) was a civil engineer who designed the Hell Gate Bridge in New York City, among other bridges.

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Handgun

A handgun is a short-barreled firearm designed to be fired with only one hand.

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Hans-Georg Stephan

Hans-Georg Stephan (born 30 May 1950) is a German university professor specializing in European medieval archaeology and post-medieval archaeology.

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Hansteel Group

Handan Iron and Steel Group or Hansteel is a state-owned iron and steel enterprise engaging in the manufacturing, processing and sales of black metal, billet, steel rolling, carbamide, sintering mineral, metallurgical machinery parts and coke.

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Hapton Valley Colliery

Hapton Valley Colliery was a coal mine on the edge of Hapton near Burnley in Lancashire, England.

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Harald Pedersen

Harald Christian Pedersen (16 january 1888 – 17 January 1945) was a Norwegian metallurgist.

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Hardenability

The hardenability of a metal alloy is the depth up to which a material is hardened after putting through a heat treatment process.

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Hardening (metallurgy)

Hardening is a metallurgical metalworking process used to increase the hardness of a metal.

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Hardness

Hardness is a measure of the resistance to localized plastic deformation induced by either mechanical indentation or abrasion.

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Harley A. Wilhelm

Harley A. Wilhelm (August 5, 1900 – October 7, 1995) was an American chemist who helped to establish the United States Department of Energy's Ames Laboratory at Iowa State University.

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Harold Ellingham

Harold Johann Thomas Ellingham, OBE, (1897–1975) was a British physical chemist, best known for his Ellingham diagrams, which summarize a large amount of information concerning extractive metallurgy.

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Harold Schnitzer

Harold J. Schnitzer (June 8, 1923 – April 27, 2011) was an American businessman, civic leader, and philanthropist.

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Harry Anstey

Harry Francis Anstey (24 July 1847 – 6 July 1927) was a metallurgist and gold prospector who led the prospecting expedition that discovered gold in the Yilgarn, leading to the gold rush that established Western Australia's Eastern Goldfields.

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Harshad Bhadeshia

Sir Harshad Kumar Dharamshi Hansraj Bhadeshia, (born 1953) FRS, FREng, FNAE is a British metallurgist and TATA Steel Professor of Metallurgy at the University of Cambridge.

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Harvey N. Davis

Harvey Nathaniel Davis (June 6, 1881 – 3 December 1952) was an American engineer, teacher, the 3rd President of Stevens Institute of Technology in Hoboken, New Jersey, and the 57th president of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers in the year 1938-39.

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Hatch Ltd

Hatch is a global multidisciplinary management, engineering and development consultancy.

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Höganäs AB

Höganäs AB is a Swedish multinational based in Höganäs.

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Heat (disambiguation)

Heat as a technical term in classical thermodynamics is a process function describing the amount of energy transferred between systems in the form of thermal energy.

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Heat torch

A heat torch is a tool or device that is used to heat up a substance quickly, whether it is air, metal, plastic, or other materials.

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Heat treating

Heat treating (or heat treatment) is a group of industrial and metalworking processes used to alter the physical, and sometimes chemical, properties of a material.

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Heavy metals

Heavy metals are generally defined as metals with relatively high densities, atomic weights, or atomic numbers.

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Heilongjiang hand cannon

The Heilongjiang hand cannon or hand-gun is a bronze hand cannon manufactured no later than 1288 and is possibly the world's oldest confirmed surviving firearm.

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Helen E. Grenga

Helen Eva Grenga (1938 - April 14, 2006) was the first full-tenured female engineering professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology.

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Helladic chronology

Helladic chronology is a relative dating system used in archaeology and art history.

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Helmut Kirchberg

Helmut Kirchberg (31 January 1906 – 23 May 1983) was a German Mining scientist.

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Henan

Henan is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the central part of the country.

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Hendrik Willem Bakhuis Roozeboom

H.

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Hengistbury Head

Hengistbury Head is a headland jutting into the English Channel between Bournemouth and Mudeford in the English county of Dorset.

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Henrik Fazola

Henrik Fazola (German: Heinrich Fasola or Fassola) (1730 – 16 April 1779) was a German-born Hungarian locksmith master, a factory owner and one of the first representatives of industrial stock in Royal Hungary.

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Henry Earl Singleton

Henry Earl Singleton (November 27, 1916 – August 31, 1999) was an American electrical engineer, business executive, and rancher/land owner.

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Henry Eyring (chemist)

Henry Eyring (February 20, 1901 – December 26, 1981) was a Mexican-born American theoretical chemist whose primary contribution was in the study of chemical reaction rates and intermediates.

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Henry Fowler (engineer)

Sir Henry Fowler, KBE (29 July 1870 – 16 October 1938) was a chief mechanical engineer of the Midland Railway and subsequently the London, Midland and Scottish Railway.

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Henry Marion Howe

Henry Marion Howe (Boston, 2 March 1848 – Bedford Hills, New York, 14 May 1922) was an American metallurgist, the son of Samuel Gridley Howe and Julia Ward Howe.

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Hephaestus

Hephaestus (eight spellings; Ἥφαιστος Hēphaistos) is the Greek god of blacksmiths, metalworking, carpenters, craftsmen, artisans, sculptors, metallurgy, fire, and volcanoes.

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Herbert Hoover

Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874 – October 20, 1964) was an American engineer, businessman and politician who served as the 31st President of the United States from 1929 to 1933 during the Great Depression.

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Herbert S. Auerbach

Herbert S. Auerbach (October 4, 1882 – 1945) was a prominent Jewish businessman in Salt Lake City and also a member of the Utah House of Representatives.

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Hesselman engine

The Hesselman engine is a hybrid between a petrol engine and a Diesel engine introduced by Swedish engineer Jonas Hesselman in 1925.

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Hessian crucible

A Hessian crucible is a type of ceramic crucible that was manufactured in the Hesse region of Germany from the late Middle Ages through the Renaissance period.

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Hexaferrum

Hexaferrum and epsilon iron (ε-Fe) are synonyms for the hexagonal close-packed (HCP) phase of iron that is stable only at extremely high pressure.

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High Explosive Research

High Explosive Research was the British project to independently develop atomic bombs after the Second World War.

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High-frequency vibrating screens

High frequency vibrating screens are the most important screening machines primarily utilised in the mineral processing industry.

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His Dark Materials

His Dark Materials is an epic trilogy of fantasy novels by Philip Pullman consisting of Northern Lights (1995) (published as The Golden Compass in North America), The Subtle Knife (1997), and The Amber Spyglass (2000).

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Historical Metallurgy Society

The Historical Metallurgy Society is a British learned society providing an international forum for exchange of information and research in historical metallurgy.

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History of biochemistry

The history of biochemistry can be said to have started with the ancient Greeks who were interested in the composition and processes of life, although biochemistry as a specific scientific discipline has its beginning around the early 19th century.

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History of Bolivia to 1809

Francisco Pizarro and his fellow conquistadors from the rapidly growing Spanish Empire first arrived in the New World in 1524.

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History of Bucharest

The history of Bucharest covers the time from the early settlements on the locality's territory (and that of the surrounding area in Ilfov County) until its modern existence as a city, capital of Wallachia, and present-day capital of Romania.

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History of Chechnya

The history of Chechnya may refer to the history of the Chechens, of their land Chechnya, or of the land of Ichkeria.

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History of chemistry

The history of chemistry represents a time span from ancient history to the present.

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History of Czechoslovakia (1948–89)

From the Communist coup d'état in February 1948 to the Velvet Revolution in 1989, Czechoslovakia was ruled by the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (Czech: Komunistická strana Československa, KSČ).

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History of electrochemistry

Electrochemistry, a branch of chemistry, went through several changes during its evolution from early principles related to magnets in the early 16th and 17th centuries, to complex theories involving conductivity, electric charge and mathematical methods.

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History of Georgia (country)

The nation of Georgia (საქართველო sakartvelo) was first unified as a kingdom under the Bagrationi dynasty by the King Bagrat III of Georgia in the 8th to 9th century, arising from a number of predecessor states of the ancient kingdoms of Colchis and Iberia.

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History of Maramureș

Maramureș (in Romanian; Dacian: Maramarista; Latin: Marmatia; Máramaros; Мармарощина) is a historical region in the north of Transylvania, along the upper Tisa River.

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History of materials science

Materials science has shaped the development of civilizations since the dawn of mankind.

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History of metallurgy in the Indian subcontinent

The history of metallurgy in the Indian subcontinent began prior to the 3rd millennium BCE and continued well into the British Raj.

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History of mineralogy

Early writing on mineralogy, especially on gemstones, comes from ancient Babylonia, the ancient Greco-Roman world, ancient and medieval China, and Sanskrit texts from ancient India.

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History of Peru

The history of Peru spans 4 millennia, extending back through several stages of cultural development in the mountain region and the coastal desert.

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History of road transport

The history of road transport started with the development of tracks by humans and their beasts of burden.

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History of Russia (1991–present)

The history of Russia from 1991 to the present began with the dissolution of the Soviet Union on 26 December 1991, and the establishment of the Russian Federation.

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History of science

The history of science is the study of the development of science and scientific knowledge, including both the natural and social sciences.

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History of science and technology in Africa

Africa has the world's oldest record of human technological achievement: the oldest stone tools in the world have been found in eastern Africa, and later evidence for tool production by our hominin ancestors has been found across Sub-Saharan Africa.

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History of science and technology in China

Ancient Chinese scientists and engineers made significant scientific innovations, findings and technological advances across various scientific disciplines including the natural sciences, engineering, medicine, military technology, mathematics, geology and astronomy.

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History of science and technology in the People's Republic of China

For more than a century China's leaders have called for rapid development of science and technology, and science policy has played a greater role in national politics in China than in many other countries.

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History of Senegal

The history of Senegal is commonly divided into a number of periods, encompassing the prehistoric era, the precolonial period, colonialism, and the contemporary era.

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History of Siberia

The early history of Siberia is greatly influenced by the sophisticated nomadic civilizations of the Scythians (Pazyryk) on the west of the Ural Mountains and Xiongnu (Noin-Ula) on the east of the Urals, both flourishing before the Christian era.

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History of Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union (1917–27)

The history of Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union reflects a period of change for both Russia and the world.

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History of technology

The history of technology is the history of the invention of tools and techniques and is similar to other sides of the history of humanity.

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History of the Encyclopædia Britannica

The Encyclopædia Britannica has been published continuously since 1768, appearing in fifteen official editions.

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History of the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology

The Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) is an Australian public university, founded by The Hon.

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History of the tank

The history of the tank began in World War I, when armoured all-terrain fighting vehicles were first deployed as a response to the problems of trench warfare, ushering in a new era of mechanized warfare.

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Hlohovec District

Hlohovec District (okres Hlohovec) is a district in the Trnava Region of western Slovakia.

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Honor society

In the United States, an honor society is a rank organization that recognizes excellence among peers.

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Horace Hayman Wilson

Horace Hayman Wilson (26 September 1786 – 8 May 1860) was an English orientalist.

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Hossein Dehghan

Hossein Dehghani Poudeh (حسین دهقانی پوده; born 2 March 1957) is a former IRGC air force officer with the rank of brigadier general and the former minister of defense of Iran.

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Howard Burnham

Mather Howard Burnham (May 27, 1870 – May 4, 1917),Report of Death of American Citizens Abroad, no.

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Hoya de Huesca/Plana de Uesca

Hoya de Huesca/Plana de Uesca is a comarca (county) in the province of Huesca (Spain).

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Hristo Prodanov

Hristo Prodanov (Христо Проданов) (February 24, 1943 - April 21, 1984) was a Bulgarian mountaineer.

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Hubert Aaronson

Hubert Aaronson (1924–2005) was a R.F. Mehl University Professor Emeritus at Carnegie Mellon University.

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Hugh Lee Pattinson

Hugh Lee Pattinson FRS (25 December 1796 – 11 November 1858) was an English industrial chemist.

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Hugo Junkers

Hugo Junkers (3 February 1859 – 3 February 1935) was a German aircraft engineer and aircraft designer.

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Hurrians

The Hurrians (cuneiform:; transliteration: Ḫu-ur-ri; also called Hari, Khurrites, Hourri, Churri, Hurri or Hurriter) were a people of the Bronze Age Near East.

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HurriQuake

The HurriQuake nail is a construction nail designed by Ed Sutt for Bostitch, a division of Stanley Works, and patented in 2004.

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Huy

Huy (Hoei; Hu) is a municipality of Belgium.

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Hybrid (DC Comics)

The Hybrid are a fictional group of supervillains appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.

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Hydrogen

Hydrogen is a chemical element with symbol H and atomic number 1.

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Ian Birkby

Dr Ian Birkby (birth registered third ¼ 1961) is an English former professional rugby league footballer of the 1970s and 1980s.

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Ian MacGregor

Sir Ian Kinloch MacGregor, KBE (21 September 1912 – 13 April 1998) was a Scottish-American metallurgist and industrialist, most famous in the UK for his controversial tenure at British Steel Corporation and his conduct during the 1984–85 miners' strike while managing the National Coal Board.

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Icosahedrite

Icosahedrite is the first known naturally occurring quasicrystal phase.

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Idaean Dactyls (poem)

The Idaean Dactyls (Ἰδαῖοι Δάκτυλοι, Idaioi Daktyloi) is a lost poem that was attributed to Hesiod by the tenth-century encyclopedia known as the Suda.

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Ignaz von Born

Ignaz Edler von Born, also known as Ignatius von Born (Born Ignác, Ignațiu von Born, Ignác Born) (26 December 1742 in Alba Iulia, Grand Principality of Transylvania, Habsburg Monarchy – 24 July 1791 in Vienna), was a mineralogist and metallurgist.

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Ignazio Florio Jr.

Ignazio Florio Jr. (Palermo, 1 September 1869 – Palermo, 19 September 1957) was an Italian entrepreneur, heir of the rich Florio economic dynasty, one of the wealthiest Italian families during the late 19th century.

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Igor Ksenofontov

Igor Borisovich Ksenofontov (Игорь Борисович Ксенофонтов; 19 January 1939 – 13 June 1999) was a Soviet and Russian figure skating coach, founder of the Yekaterinburg figure skating school, president of the Sverdlovsk Figure Skating Federation.

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Illich Steel and Iron Works

Illich Iron & Steel Works (Ukrainian: Маріу́польський металургі́йний комбіна́т і́мені Ілліча́ - literally "Mariupol Metallurgical Plant named after Illich") is the second largest metallurgical enterprise in Ukraine, after Kryvorizhstal.

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Illustrated Hieroglyphics Handbook

The Illustrated Hieroglyphics Handbook is part of a new genre of books focused on Egyptian hieroglyphs.

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Imbros

Imbros or İmroz, officially changed to Gökçeada since 29 July 1970,Alexis Alexandris, "The Identity Issue of The Minorities In Greece An Turkey", in Hirschon, Renée (ed.), Crossing the Aegean: An Appraisal of the 1923 Compulsory Population Exchange Between Greece and Turkey, Berghahn Books, 2003, (older name in Turkish: İmroz; Greek: Ίμβρος Imvros), is the largest island of Turkey and the seat of Gökçeada District of Çanakkale Province.

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IMI plc

IMI plc, formerly Imperial Metal Industries, is a British-based engineering company headquartered in Birmingham, England.

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Imperial College of Engineering

The Imperial College of Engineering (ICE or) was founded by Yamao Yōzō within the Engineering Institution, of Japan's Public Works in 1873 to train young Japanese as engineers to be employed by the government.

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Index of branches of science

Science (from Latin scientia, meaning "knowledge") is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe.

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Index of Zimbabwe-related articles

Articles (arranged alphabetically) related to Zimbabwe include.

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India Boyer

India Boyer (1907–1998) was an American architect who was the first woman to pass Ohio's architectural licensing exam.

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Indian astronomy

Indian astronomy has a long history stretching from pre-historic to modern times.

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Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad

The Indian Institute of Technology, Dhanbad (abbreviated as IIT (ISM)) is a public engineering and research institution located in Dhanbad, India.

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Indian Institute of Technology Bombay

The Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (abbreviated IITB or IIT Bombay) is a public engineering institution located at Powai, Mumbai, India.

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Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad

The Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (abbreviated IIT Hyderabad or IITH) is a public engineering and research institution located in Sangareddy district, Telangana, India.

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Indian Ordnance Factories Service

The Indian Ordnance Factories Service (IOFS) is a civil service of the Government of India.

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Indigenous horticulture

Indigenous horticulture is practised in various ways across all inhabited continents.

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Indira Samarasekera

Indira Vasanti Samarasekera, (née Arulpragasam; April 11, 1952), was the 12th president and vice-chancellor of the University of Alberta.

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Indo-Aryan migration

Indo-Aryan migration models discuss scenarios around the theory of an origin from outside South Asia of Indo-Aryan peoples, an ascribed ethnolinguistic group that spoke Indo-Aryan languages, the predominant languages of North India.

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Indo-European migrations

Indo-European migrations were the migrations of pastoral peoples speaking the Proto-Indo-European language (PIE), who departed from the Yamnaya and related cultures in the Pontic–Caspian steppe, starting at.

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Induction forging

Induction forging refers to the use of an induction heater to pre-heat metals prior to deformation using a press or hammer.

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Induction heating

Induction heating is the process of heating an electrically conducting object (usually a metal) by electromagnetic induction, through heat generated in the object by eddy currents.

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Indus Valley Civilisation

The Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC), or Harappan Civilisation, was a Bronze Age civilisation (5500–1300 BCE; mature period 2600–1900 BCE) mainly in the northwestern regions of South Asia, extending from what today is northeast Afghanistan to Pakistan and northwest India.

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Industrial gas

Industrial gases are gaseous materials that are manufactured for use in Industry.

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Industrial production in Shōwa Japan

This article covers the development of the industry in the Empire of Japan, during the rise of statism in the first part of the Shōwa era.

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Industrial warfare

Industrial warfare is a period in the history of warfare ranging roughly from the early 19th century and the start of the Industrial Revolution to the beginning of the Atomic Age, which saw the rise of nation-states, capable of creating and equipping large armies, navies, and air forces, through the process of industrialization.

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Industry in Brazil

Brazilian industry has its earliest origin in workshops dating from the beginning of the 19th century.

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Industry of China

Industry was 72.8% of China’s gross domestic product (GDP) in 2005.

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Industry of Communist Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovakia inherited the bulk of existing industrial assets following the breakup of the Austro-Hungarian Empire after World War I. Industrialization continued in the interwar years.

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Industry of Kosovo

Kosovo has a slowly developing plain industry.

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Ingot

An ingot is a piece of relatively pure material, usually metal, that is cast into a shape suitable for further processing.

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Interfax

Interfax Ltd. (Интерфакс) is a privately-held independent major news agency in Russia (along with state-operated TASS and RIA Novosti) and information services company headquartered in Moscow.

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Intermetallic

An intermetallic (also called an intermetallic compound, intermetallic alloy, ordered intermetallic alloy, and a long-range-ordered alloy) is a solid-state compound exhibiting metallic bonding, defined stoichiometry and ordered crystal structure.

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Interros

Interros is a Russian conglomerate controlled by Russian oligarch Vladimir Potanin with large stakes in mining, metals, energy, finance, retail, real estate and other sectors.

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Iran University of Science and Technology

The Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST) (دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران) is a research institution and university of engineering and science in Iran.

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Iranian peoples

The Iranian peoples, or Iranic peoples, are a diverse Indo-European ethno-linguistic group that comprise the speakers of the Iranian languages.

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Iron Age Europe

In Europe, the Iron Age may be defined as including the last stages of the prehistoric period and the first of the proto-historic periods.

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Iron and steel industry in India

The iron and steel industry is one of the most important industries in India.

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Iron armour

Iron armour was a type of armour used on warships and, to a limited degree, fortifications.

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Iron(I) hydride

Iron(I) hydride, systematically named iron hydride and poly(hydridoiron) is a solid inorganic compound with the chemical formula (also written or FeH).

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Iron(II) hydride

Iron(II) hydride, systematically named iron dihydride and poly(dihydridoiron) is solid inorganic compound with the chemical formula (also written)n or).). It is kinetically unstable at ambient temperature, and as such, little is known about its bulk properties. However, it known as a black, amorphous powder, which was synthesised for the first time in 2014. Iron(II) hydride is the second simplest polymeric iron hydride (after iron(I) hydride). Due to its instability, it has no practical industrial uses. However, in metallurgical chemistry, iron(II) hydride is fundamental to certain forms of iron-hydrogen alloys.

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Ironmaster

An ironmaster is the manager, and usually owner, of a forge or blast furnace for the processing of iron.

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Irving Langmuir

Irving Langmuir (January 31, 1881 – August 16, 1957) was an American chemist and physicist.

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Isomeric shift

The isomeric shift (also called isomer shift) is the shift on atomic spectral lines and gamma spectral lines, which occurs as a consequence of replacement of one nuclear isomer by another.

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Italian Confederation of Workers' Trade Unions

The Confederazione Italiana Sindacati Lavoratori (CISL or Cisl; Italian Confederation of Trade Unions) is an Italian trade union association representing various Roman Catholic-inspired groups linked with Christian Democracy.

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Itapissuma

Itapissuma is a city in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil.

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Ittefaq Group

The Ittefaq Group (English The Unity Group) was a Pakistani integrated steel producer with major operations in Punjab.

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Ivan Bardin

Ivan Pavlovich Bardin (Russian: Иван Павлович Бардин) (1883–1960) was a Soviet metallurgist and active participant in solving the main engineering issues of the domestic ferrous metallurgical industry.

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Ivan Stranski

Ivan Nikolov Stranski (Иван Николов Странски; Iwan Nicolá Stranski; 2 January 1897 – 19 June 1979) was a Bulgarian physical chemist.

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J. Robert Oppenheimer

Julius Robert Oppenheimer (April 22, 1904 – February 18, 1967) was an American theoretical physicist and professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley.

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Jack Gentry (entrepreneur)

Jack T. Gentry (born December 6, 1923 in Kansas City, Kansas, United States) was a World War II and Korean War veteran, a metallurgical engineer, and an entrepreneur.

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Jack Welch

John Francis "Jack" Welch Jr. (born November 19, 1935) is an American retired business executive, author, and chemical engineer.

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Jacques-Joseph Ebelmen

Jacques-Joseph Ebelmen (10 July 1814 – 31 March 1852) was a French chemist.

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Jahres-Bericht über die Fortschritte der chemischen Technologie für Fabrikanten, Chemiker, Pharmaceuten, Hütten- und Forstleute und Cameralisten

Jahres-Bericht über die Fortschritte der chemischen Technologie für Fabrikanten, Chemiker, Pharmaceuten, Hütten- und Forstleute und Cameralisten is a German scientific journal, devoted to the problems related to chemistry, pharmacy and metallurgy.

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Jamalpur, Bihar

Jamalpur is a town in the Indian state of Bihar.

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James A. Krumhansl

James Arthur "Jim" Krumhansl (August 2, 1919 – May 6, 2004) was an American physicist who specialized in condensed matter physics and materials science.

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James Douglas (businessman)

James Douglas (4 November 1837 – 25 June 1918) was a Canadian born mining engineer and businessman who introduced a number of metallurgical innovations in copper mining and amassed a fortune through the copper mining industry of Arizona and Sonora.

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James Henry Carpenter

James Henry Carpenter (September 14, 1846 – March 6, 1898) was a 19th-century American engineer and industrialist who founded the Carpenter Steel Company (renamed in 1968 as the Carpenter Technology Corporation).

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James Metcalf

James "Jimmy" Metcalf (March 11, 1925 – January 27, 2012) was an American sculptor, artist and educator.

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James Newman (mining engineer)

James Malcolm Newman CBE (20 June 1880 – 23 November 1973) was an Australian mining engineer and grazier.

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James Prinsep

James Prinsep (20 August 1799 – 22 April 1840) was an English scholar, orientalist and antiquary.

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James R. Verrier

James R. Verrier (born 1963) is the chief executive officer at automotive industry component supplier BorgWarner.

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Jamshed Jiji Irani

Jamshed Jiji Irani, K.B.E., FREng is an Indian industrialist.

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Jan Czochralski

Jan Czochralski (23 October 1885 – 22 April 1953) was a Polish chemist who invented the Czochralski process and pioneer in semi conductor industry, which is used for growing single crystals and in the production of semiconductor wafers.

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Jan D. Miller

Jan Dean Miller is an American engineer, currently Distinguished Professor of metallurgical engineering and Ivor D. Thomas Endowed Chair at University of Utah.

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Jane Hunter (scientist)

Professor Jane Hunter is the Director of University of Queensland's e-Research Lab and Chair of the Australian Academy of Science's National Committee for Data in Science; Vice-President of the National Executive Committee for Digital Humanities; and Member of Scientific Committee of the ICSU World Data System.

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Jang Young-sik

Jang Young-sik (born 1935) is a South Korean economist.

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Janusz Majer

Janusz Majer (born September 25, 1946) a Polish alpinist, himalaist and traveler.

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Japan

Japan (日本; Nippon or Nihon; formally 日本国 or Nihon-koku, lit. "State of Japan") is a sovereign island country in East Asia.

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Japan–Korea disputes

There have been disputes between Japan and Korea (both North and South) on numerous issues over the years.

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Japanese Industrial Standards

specifies the standards used for industrial activities in Japan.

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Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad (JNTU Hyderabad) is a public university, located in Hyderabad, Telangana, India, and one of the India's leading educational universities focusing on engineering.

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Jáchymov

Jáchymov, until 1945 known by its German name of Sankt Joachimsthal or Joachimsthal (meaning "Saint Joachim's Valley"; Thal, or Tal in modern orthography) is a spa town in the Karlovy Vary Region of Bohemia, now part of the Czech Republic.

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József Szabó de Szentmiklós

József Szabó de Szentmiklós (March 14, 1822 – April 12, 1894), Hungarian geologist, was born at Kalocsa.

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Jean-Gustave Bourbouze

Jean Gustave Bourbouze (Paris, September 7, 1825 - September 23, 1889) was a French engineer, manufacturer of precision instruments and a teacher of technical education.

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Jean-Jacques Favier

Jean-Jacques Favier (Born April 13, 1949) is a French engineer and a former CNES astronaut who flew aboard the STS-78 NASA Space Shuttle mission.

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Jean-Paul Elkann

Jean-Paul Elkann (28 December 1921, Paris – 23 November 1996, Paris) was a French banker, President of Compagnie Financière Jean-Paul Elkann (CFJPE).

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Jentil

The jentil (or Jentilak with the Basque plural), are a race of giants in the Basque mythology.

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Jerry M. Linenger

Jerry Michael Linenger (born January 16, 1955) is a retired Captain in the United States Navy Medical Corps, and a former NASA astronaut who flew on the Space Shuttle and Space Station Mir.

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Jesenice

Jesenice (AsslingLeksikon občin kraljestev in dežel zastopanih v državnem zboru, vol. 6: Kranjsko. 1906. Vienna: C. Kr. Dvorna in Državna Tiskarna, p. 144.) is a Slovenian town and the seat of the Municipality of Jesenice on the southern side of the Karawanks, bordering Austria to the north.

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Jet engine

A jet engine is a type of reaction engine discharging a fast-moving jet that generates thrust by jet propulsion.

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Jim Parr

James Gordon Parr (December 25, 1928 – April 28, 2000) was an English-Canadian academic, broadcaster and provincial civil servant in the province of Ontario, Canada.

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Jinduicheng Molybdenum

Jinduicheng Molybdenum Group Mining Corporation is a Chinese company which is engaged in molybdenum production, sales and manufacturing.

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Jinzhou

Jinzhou is a prefecture-level city of Liaoning province, People's Republic of China.

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Johan August Brinell

August Brinell (19 June 1849 – 17 November 1925) was a Swedish Metallurgical Engineer.

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Johan Herman Lie Vogt

Johan Herman Lie Vogt (14 October 18583 January 1932) was a Norwegian geologist.

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Johann Conrad Barchusen

Johann Conrad Barchusen, originally Barkhausen, sometimes Barchausen (March 16, 1666 Horn, Principality of Lippe, Germany - October 2, 1723, Utrecht, Netherlands) was a pharmacist, chemist, physician and professor.

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Johann Friedrich Ludwig Hausmann

Johann Friedrich Ludwig Hausmann (22 February 1782, Hannover – 26 December 1859, Gottingen) was a German mineralogist.

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Johann Georg Kerner

Johann Georg Kerner (9 April 1770 - 7 April 1812) was a physician and a political journalist who became a critical chronicler of the French revolution.

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Johann Gerhard Reinhard Andreae

Johann Gerhard Reinhard Andreae (born ca. 17 December 1724 in Hanover, died 1 May 1793 in Hanover), often known as J.G.R. Andreae or I.G.R. Andreae, was a Hanoverian natural scientist, chemist, geologist, court pharmacist (Hofapotheker) and alchemist in the Age of Enlightenment.

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Johann Ludwig Hannemann

Johann Ludwig Hannemann (25 October 1640 – 25 October 1724) was a professor of medicine who famously opposed the idea of the circulation of the blood.

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John Arthur Phillips

John Arthur Phillips FRS, FCS (18 February 1822 – 5 January 1887) was a British geologist, metallurgist, and mining engineer.

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John Ashe (priest)

(Francis) John Ashe (born London, 11 February 1953) has been Archdeacon of Lynn since 2009.

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John Baildon

John Baildon (11 December 1772 – 7 August 1846) was a Scottish pioneer in metallurgy in continental Europe.

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John E. Pickering

John E. Pickering (27 April 1918 – 19 September 1997) was a pioneer in the field of radiobiology, aviation medicine and space medicine and a Colonel in the United States Air Force.

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John F. Elliott

John Frank Elliott (1920–1991) was an American professor of metallurgy who made significant contributions to the science of pyrometallurgy during his long career at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

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John Feeney (newspaper proprietor)

John Feeney (1839 in Birmingham – 3 May 1905), was a newspaper proprietor and philanthropist, and a proprietor of the Birmingham Post, in partnership with John Jaffray (later Sir John Jaffray, baronet) in succession to his father John Frederick Feeney.

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John Ferguson (chemist)

John Ferguson FRSE LL.D. (23 January 1837 – 2 November 1916) was a Scottish chemist and bibliographer.

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John G. Hawthorne

John Greenfield Hawthorne (6 June 1915 – 8 March 1977) was an English and American archaeologist and academic.

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John Herbert Hollomon Jr.

John Herbert Hollomon Jr. (March 12, 1919 – May 8, 1985), generally known as J. Herbert Hollomon, was a noted American engineer and founding member of the National Academy of Engineering.

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John Joseph Eastick

John Joseph Eastick (6 February 1855 – 7 September 1917) is noted for being the first chemist at the sugar refinery Abram Lyle and Sons and patenting special methods for making brewers’ saccharum, inverted sugar syrup and golden syrup.

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John Knott (scientist)

John Frederick Knott OBE FRS FREng (9 December 1938 – 5 October 2017) was an English metallurgist and materials scientist.

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John Lane (metallurgist)

Dr John Lane (c. October 1678 – 1741) was an 18th-century doctor and metallurgist, who is said to have experimented with making metallic zinc, probably without result.

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John Langdon Bonython

His son was named Sir John '''Lavington''' Bonython (1875-1960) His grandson was named John '''Langdon''' Bonython (1905–1992) Sir John Langdon Bonython KCMG (Charles Earle Funk, What's the Name, Please? (Funk & Wagnalls, 1936). 15 October 184822 October 1939), editor, newspaper proprietor, philanthropist, Australian politician and journalist, was a Member of the First Australian Parliament, and was editor of the Adelaide daily morning broadsheet, The Advertiser, for 35 years.

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John McGarvie Smith

John McGarvie Smith (8 February 1844 – 6 September 1918) was an Australian metallurgist, bacteriologist and benefactor.

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John Michael Higgins (metallurgist)

Sir John Michael Higgins GCMG (9 December 1862 – 6 October 1937) was an Australian businessman and metallurgist, and was the founder of the Australian Metal Exchange.

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John W. Cahn

John Werner Cahn (January 9, 1928 – March 14, 2016) was an American scientist and recipient of the 1998 National Medal of Science.

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John W. F. Dulles

John Watson Foster Dulles (Auburn, New York, May 20, 1913 – June 23, 2008, Austin) was an American scholar of Brazilian history.

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Joint Academic Coding System

The Joint Academic Coding System (JACS) system is used by the Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA) and the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (UCAS) in the United Kingdom to classify academic subjects.

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Jorge Sabato

Jorge Alberto Sábato (June 4, 1924 – November 16, 1983) was an Argentine physicist and technologist.

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José Antônio Moreira, Count of Ipanema

José Antônio Moreira, first baron with greatness, viscount with greatness and count of Ipanema, (October 23, 1797 in São Paulo – June 28, 1879 in Rio de Janeiro) was a Brazilian industrialist of the branch of the metallurgy.

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José Luis Luege Tamargo

José Luis Luege Tamargo (born November 9, 1953, in Mexico City, Mexico) is a Mexican politician and bureaucrat.

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José Maria de Almeida

José Maria de Almeida (born 2 October 1957), often known as Zé Maria, is a leader of the United Socialist Workers' Party (PSTU).

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Joseph Jean Baptiste Xavier Fournet

Joseph Jean Baptiste Xavier Fournet (May 15, 1801 – January 8, 1869), French geologist and metallurgist, was born at Strasbourg.

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Joseph Marie Élisabeth Durocher

Joseph Marie Élisabeth Durocher (31 May 1817, Rennes - 3 December 1860, Rennes) was a French geologist.

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Joseph Raphael De Lamar House

The Joseph Raphael De Lamar House is a mansion located at 233 Madison Avenue at the corner of 37th Street in the Murray Hill neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City.

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Joseph W. Kennedy

Joseph William Kennedy (May 30, 1916 – May 5, 1957) was an American chemist who was a co-discoverer of plutonium, along with Glenn T. Seaborg, Edwin McMillan and Arthur Wahl.

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Joseph Wharton

Joseph Wharton (March 3, 1826 – January 11, 1909) was an American industrialist.

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Josiah Marshall Heath

Josiah Marshall Heath (died 1851) was an English metallurgist, businessman and ornithologist, who invented the use of manganese to deoxidise steel.

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Journal of Materials Research and Technology

The Journal of Materials Research and Technology is a quarterly peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering metallurgy and materials and minerals research and technology.

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Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B

The Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy is a biannual peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers mining and metallurgy.

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Juan Sánchez Villa-Lobos Ramírez

Juan Sánchez VillaLobos Ramírez is a fictional character in the Highlander film series.

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Julen Bollain

Julen Bollain Urbieta (born 28 March 1990) is a Spanish economist, politician and researcher, specialized in unconditional basic income.

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Jules Henri Debray

Jules Henri Debray (26 July 1827, in Amiens – 19 July 1888, in Paris) was a French chemist.

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Julian Bashore

Julian Bashore (born September 4, 1972) is an American-born, Tokyo-based business man who has managed the Japanese operations of multiple multinational companies listed on the New York and London stock exchanges.

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Julius Vogel

Sir Julius Vogel (24 February 1835 – 12 March 1899) was the eighth Premier of New Zealand.

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Kai Grjotheim

Kai Gudbrand Grjotheim (13 July 1919 – 17 April 2003) was a Norwegian chemist.

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Kalashnikov Concern

JSC Kalashnikov Concern (Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant until 2013) or IZHMASH (ИЖМАШ) is a Russian defense manufacturing concern and joint-stock company headquartered in the city of Izhevsk in the Republic of Udmurtia as well as the capital city of Moscow.

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Kalā

Kalā means performing art in Sanskrit.

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Kalderash

The Kalderash are a subgroup of the Romani people.

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Kaman-Kalehöyük

Kaman-Kalehöyük is a multi-period archaeological site in Kırşehir Province, Turkey, around 100 km south east of Ankara 6 km east of the town center of Kaman.

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Kamianske

Kamianske (Кам'янське,; Каменское), formerly Dniprodzerzhynsk, is an industrial city in the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast of Ukraine, and a port on the Dnieper.

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Kammerlader

The Kammerlader, or "chamber loader", was the first Norwegian breech-loading rifle, and among the very first breech loaders adopted for use by an armed force anywhere in the world.

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Kargaly

Kargaly is a copper mining-metallurgical district in the southern Urals of Russia.

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Karl Friedrich August Rammelsberg

Karl Friedrich August Rammelsberg (1 April 1813 – 28 December 1899) was a German mineralogist from Berlin, Prussia.

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Karl Friedrich Plattner

Karl Friedrich Plattner (2 January 1800 – 22 January 1858) was a German metallurgical chemist.

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Karl Heinrich Emil Becker

Karl Heinrich Emil Becker (14 September 1879 in Speyer – 8 April 1940 in Berlin) was a German weapons engineer and artillery general.

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Karl Johann Bernhard Karsten

Karl Johann Bernhard Karsten (26 November 1782 – 22 August 1853) was a German mineralogist known for contributions made to the German metallurgy industry.

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Karol Adamiecki

Karol Adamiecki (18 March 1866 in Dąbrowa Górnicza – 16 May 1933 in Warsaw, Poland) was a Polish economist, engineer and management researcher.

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Karpacz

Karpacz (German: Krummhübel) is a spa town and ski resort in Jelenia Góra County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, south-western Poland, and one of the most important centres for mountain hiking and skiing, including ski jumping.

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Katherine Oppenheimer

Katherine "Kitty" Vissering Oppenheimer (Puening; August 8, 1910 – October 27, 1972) was a German-American biologist and botanist and a member of the Communist Party of America.

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Kłodnica Canal

The Kłodnicki Canal (Kanał Kłodnicki) is a canal along the Kłodnica River in Upper Silesia, Poland between the Oder River and Gliwice.

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Ke Jun

Ke Jun was a Chinese metallurgist.

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Keith Millis

Keith Dwight Millis (May 20, 1915 – July 6, 1992) was an American metallurgical engineer and inventor of ductile iron.

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Keller's reagent

Keller's reagent can refer to either of two different mixtures of acids.

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Kemal Şahin

Kemal Şahin (born 1955) is a Turkish - German entrepreneur and a textile tycoon.

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Kemerovo Oblast

Kemerovo Oblast (Ке́меровская о́бласть, Kemerovskaya oblast), also known as Kuzbass (Кузба́сс) after the Kuznetsk Basin, is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in southwestern Siberia, where the West Siberian Plain meets the South Siberian mountains.

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Kennametal

Kennametal is a supplier of tooling and industrial materials founded in 1938 by Philip M. McKenna in the Latrobe, Pennsylvania area.

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Kenneth Keith Kelley

Kenneth Keith Kelley (1901–1991) was an American chemist who worked in the fields of physical chemistry and metallurgy.

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KGHM Polska Miedź

KGHM Polska Miedź S.A., commonly known as KGHM, is a Polish multinational corporation that employs near 34,000 people around the world and has been a leader in copper and silver production for more than 50 years.

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Khabarovsk Krai

Khabarovsk Krai (p) is a federal subject (a krai) of Russia.

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Khakas Aluminium Smelter

Khakas Aluminium Smelter (Хака́сский алюми́ниевый заво́д, Khakasskiy Alyuminiyevy Zavod) or KhAZ (ХАЗ) is an aluminium smelter located near Sayanogorsk, Russia.

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Khalil Qureshi

Khalil Ahmad Qureshi (Urdu: خليل احمد قريشى; HI, SI), is a Pakistani physical chemist and the professor of physical chemistry at the Punjab University.

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Kharkiv National University of Economics

Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics (Харківський національний економічний університет імені Семена Кузнеця) is the largest economic higher educational and research institution in Eastern Ukraine.

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Kharkiv Oblast

Kharkiv Oblast (Харківська область, translit. Charkivśka oblastj; also referred to as Kharkivshchyna – Харківщина, Charkivščyna, Харьковская область) is an oblast (province) in eastern Ukraine.

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Kidd Metallurgical Site

The Kidd Metallurgical Site (or Met Site) is a metallurgical facility in Timmins, Ontario, Canada.

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Kilflynn

Kilflynn is a village and a civil parish in north County Kerry, Ireland.

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Kimetsan

Kimetsan is one of the largest chemical companies in Turkey today.

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Kirodimal Govt. Polytechnic, Raigarh

Kirodimal Govt.

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Kisangani

Kisangani (formerly Stanleyville or Stanleystad) is the capital of Tshopo province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Kołobrzeg

Kołobrzeg (Kolberg) is a city in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in north-western Poland with about 47,000 inhabitants.

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Kościeliska Valley

The Kościeliska is a valley in Poland, in Tatra Mountains, Western Tatras, Poland.

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Kogakuin University

is a private university in Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.

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Kolomyia

Kolomyia or Kolomyya, formerly known as Kolomea (Kolomyja, Kołomyja, Коломыя, Kolomea, Colomeea, קאלאמיי), is a city located on the Prut River in the Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast (province), in western Ukraine.

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Komsomolsk-on-Amur

Komsomolsk-on-Amur (p) is a city in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia, located on the left bank of the Amur River in the Russian Far East.

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Kongsberg School of Mines

Kongsberg School of Mines (Det Kongelige Norske Bergseminarium, or Bergseminaret på Kongsberg, or Kongsberg bergseminar) was an academic institution for mining technology in Kongsberg, Norway from 1757 to 1814.

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Konstantin Petrovich Grigorovich

Konstantin Petrovich Grigorovich (18 September 1886, Mykolaiv — 15 April 1939, Moscow) — metallurgical engineer, founder of the soviet school of electrometallurgy, professor (1921), doctor of technical sciences (1934).

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Korea University (Japan)

Korea University is a miscellaneous school located in Kodaira, Tokyo.

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Kortkerossky District

Kortkerossky District (Корткеросский райо́н; Кӧрткерӧс район) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twelve in the Komi Republic, Russia.

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Kraku Lu Jordan

Kraku Lu Jordan (Краку Лу Јордан/Kraku Lu Jordan, Romanian: Cracul lui Iordan) is archeological site in Serbia.

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Krasnogorsky Zavod

Krasnogorskiy zavod im.

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Krasnoyarsk Krai

Krasnoyarsk Krai (p) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), with its administrative center in the city of Krasnoyarsk—the third-largest city in Siberia (after Novosibirsk and Omsk).

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Krasny Oktyabr (steel plant)

Volgogradskiy Metallurgicheskiy Zavod Krasny Oktyabr (Zakrytoye aktsionernoye obshchestvo "Volgogradskiy metallurgicheskiy zavod "Krasny Oktyabr") is a Russian closed joint-stock company which maintains the Krasny Oktyabr factory, one of the largest Russian metallurgy facilities.

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Kryvyi Rih

Kryvyi Rih (krɪˈwɪj riɦ|lit.

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Kuraginsky District

Kuraginsky District (Кура́гинский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #10-4765 and municipalLaw #13-3009 district (raion), one of the forty-three in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia.

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Kuzbassrazrezugol

UK Kuzbassrazrezugol OAO (ОАО УК "Кузбассразрезуголь", and also known as KRU) is a Kemerovo, Russia-based coal company.

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Kuznetsk Basin

The Kuznetsk Basin (often abbreviated as Kuzbass or Kuzbas, Russian: Кузнецкий бассейн, Кузбасс) in southwestern Siberia, Russia, is one of the largest coal mining areas in the world, covering an area of around.

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Kwaku Aning

Kwaku Aning (born in 1946) was a Deputy Director General and the Head of the Department of Technical Cooperation at the International Atomic Energy Agency.

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Kylix

In the pottery of ancient Greece, a kylix (κύλιξ, pl.; also spelled cylix; pl.: kylikes) is the most common type of wine-drinking cup.

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Kyrgyzstan

The Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyz Respublikasy; r; Қирғиз Республикаси.), or simply Kyrgyzstan, and also known as Kirghizia (Kyrgyzstan; r), is a sovereign state in Central Asia.

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Kythnos

Kythnos (Κύθνος) is a Greek island and municipality in the Western Cyclades between Kea and Serifos.

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La Valencia Mine

The Mine of the Valenciana is a historic Spanish silver mine located in Guanajuato, Mexico.

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Laboratory

A laboratory (informally, lab) is a facility that provides controlled conditions in which scientific or technological research, experiments, and measurement may be performed.

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Ladle (metallurgy)

In metallurgy, a ladle is a vessel used to transport and pour out molten metals.

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Lala Bulhomal Lahori

Lāla Bulhomal (also Balhumal) Lāhorī was an Indian metallurgist and instrument maker from the city of Lahore in modern Pakistan.

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Lanzhou

Lanzhou is the capital and largest city of Gansu Province in Northwest China.

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Laos

Laos (ລາວ,, Lāo; Laos), officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao: ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ, Sathalanalat Paxathipatai Paxaxon Lao; République démocratique populaire lao), commonly referred to by its colloquial name of Muang Lao (Lao: ເມືອງລາວ, Muang Lao), is a landlocked country in the heart of the Indochinese peninsula of Mainland Southeast Asia, bordered by Myanmar (Burma) and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the southwest and Thailand to the west and southwest.

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Larbert

Larbert (Lèirbert/Leth-pheairt, Lairbert) is a small town in the Falkirk council area of Scotland.

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Larox

Larox, founded in 1977 and headquartered at Lappeenranta, Finland, is a Finnish engineering company that develops, designs and manufactures industrial filters for use in mining and metallurgy, chemical processing and related industries.

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Laskill

Laskill is a small hamlet in Bilsdale, 5 miles (8 km) north-west of Helmsley, North Yorkshire, England, on the road from Helmsley to Stokesley and is located within the North York Moors National Park.

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Laurence Earnshaw

Laurence Earnshaw (died 1767), was an 18th-century English mechanic and inventor.

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Layshaft

A layshaft is an intermediate shaft within a gearbox that carries gears, but does not transfer the primary drive of the gearbox either in or out of the gearbox.

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Ledeburite

In iron and steel metallurgy, ledeburite is a mixture of 4.3% carbon in iron and is a eutectic mixture of austenite and cementite.

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Lehovo

Lehovo (Лехово) is a village in the municipality of Sandanski, in Blagoevgrad Province, southwestern Bulgaria.

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Lemnos

Lemnos (Λήμνος) is a Greek island in the northern part of the Aegean Sea.

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Leonardo da Vinci

Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci (15 April 14522 May 1519), more commonly Leonardo da Vinci or simply Leonardo, was an Italian polymath of the Renaissance, whose areas of interest included invention, painting, sculpting, architecture, science, music, mathematics, engineering, literature, anatomy, geology, astronomy, botany, writing, history, and cartography.

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Leonhard Thurneysser

Leonard Thurneysser (22 July 1531 – 1595 or 1596; also known as Leonard Thurneisser zum Thurn) was a scholar and miracle doctor at the court of Elector John George of Brandenburg.

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Leonid Brezhnev

Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev (a; Леоні́д Іллі́ч Бре́жнєв, 19 December 1906 (O.S. 6 December) – 10 November 1982) was a Soviet politician who led the Soviet Union from 1964 to 1982 as the General Secretary of the Central Committee (CC) of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), presiding over the country until his death and funeral in 1982.

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Leslie Groves

Lieutenant General Leslie Richard Groves Jr. (17 August 1896 – 13 July 1970) was a United States Army Corps of Engineers officer who oversaw the construction of the Pentagon and directed the Manhattan Project, a top secret research project that developed the atomic bomb during World War II.

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Lesser Poland Voivodeship

Lesser Poland Voivodeship or Lesser Poland Province (in Polish, województwo małopolskie), also known as Małopolska Voivodeship or Małopolska Province, is a voivodeship (province), in southern Poland.

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Lewis Leigh Fermor

Sir Lewis Leigh Fermor, OBE, FRS (18 September 1880 – 24 May 1954), was a British chemist and geologist and the first president of the Indian National Science Academy and a director of the Geological Survey of India (1930-1935).

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Li Lin (physicist)

Li Lin (31 October 1923 – 31 May 2003) was a Chinese physicist.

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Li Shizhen

Li Shizhen (July 3, 1518 – 1593), courtesy name Dongbi, was a Chinese polymath, physician, scientist, pharmacologist, herbalist and acupuncturist of the Ming dynasty.

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Library of Congress Classification

The Library of Congress Classification (LCC) is a system of library classification developed by the Library of Congress.

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Library of Congress Classification:Class T -- Technology

Class T: Technology is a classification used by the Library of Congress Classification system.

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Lindesay Clark

Sir Lindesay Clark (7 January 18963 January 1986) was a renowned Australian mining engineer and company director.

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Liquation

Liquation is a metallurgical method for separating metals from an ore or alloy.

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List of academic fields

The following outline is provided as an overview of an topical guide to academic disciplines: An academic discipline or field of study is known as a branch of knowledge.

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List of centenarians (scientists and mathematicians)

The following is a list of centenarians – specifically, people who became famous as scientists and mathematicians – known for reasons other than their longevity.

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List of Chinese inventions

China has been the source of many innovations, scientific discoveries and inventions.

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List of colleges affiliated to the Biju Patnaik University of Technology

Biju Patnaik University of Technology, also known as BPUT, is located in Rourkela in the state of Odisha, India.

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List of companies of the Czech Republic

The Czech Republic is a nation state in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west, Austria to the south, Slovakia to the east and Poland to the northeast.

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List of companies traded on the JSE

This is a list of companies traded on the JSE.

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List of Dewey Decimal classes

The Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) is structured around ten main classes covering the entire world of knowledge; each main class is further structured into ten hierarchical divisions, each having ten sections of increasing specificity.

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List of engineering branches

Engineering is the discipline and profession that applies scientific theories, mathematical methods, and empirical evidence to design, create, and analyze technological solutions cognizant of safety, human factors, physical laws, regulations, practicality, and cost.

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List of engineering colleges in Jammu and Kashmir

Engineering colleges in the Indian administered Jammu and Kashmir are affiliated to State Universities like University of Kashmir, University of Jammu and other Deemed universities like Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University and Islamic University of Kashmir.

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List of fields of doctoral studies in the United States

This is the list of the fields of doctoral studies in the United States used for the annual Survey of Earned Doctorates, conducted by NORC at the University of Chicago for the National Science Foundation and other federal agencies, as used for the 2015 survey.

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List of geologists

A geologist is a contributor to the science of geology.

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List of Greek and Latin roots in English/E

Category:Lists of words.

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List of Greek and Latin roots in English/M

Category:Lists of words.

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List of Indian inventions and discoveries

This list of Indian inventions and discoveries details the inventions, scientific discoveries and contributions of ancient and modern India, including both the ancient and medieval nations in the subcontinent historically referred to as India and the modern Indian state.

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List of Institute Professors at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Institute Professor is the highest title that can be awarded to a faculty member at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, a research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.

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List of Lehigh University alumni

This is a list of notable alumni of Lehigh University, an American private research university located in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.

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List of MeSH codes (J01)

The following is a list of the "J" codes for MeSH.

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List of metalworking occupations

Metalworking occupations include.

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List of metaphor-based metaheuristics

This is a chronologically ordered list of metaphor-based metaheuristics and swarm intelligence algorithms.

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List of museums in New South Wales

This is list of museums in New South Wales, Australia containing museums which are defined for this context as institutions (including nonprofit organizations, government entities, and private businesses) that collect and care for objects of cultural, artistic, scientific, or historical interest and make their collections or related exhibits available for public viewing.

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List of muzzle-loading guns

Muzzle-loading guns (as opposed to muzzle-loading mortars and howitzers) are an early type of artillery, (often field artillery, but naval artillery and siege artillery were other types of muzzleloading artillery), used before, and even for some time after, breech-loading cannon became common.

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List of nuclear test sites

This article contains a list of nuclear weapon test sites used across the world.

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List of Old Carthusians

The following are notable Old Carthusians, who are former pupils of Charterhouse School (founded in 1611).

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List of Old Emanuels

This is a list of notable former pupils and staff of Emanuel School, London, England.

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List of Pennsylvania State University people

This is a list of famous individuals associated with the Pennsylvania State University, including graduates, former students, and professors.

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List of people from Colorado

This is a list of people from the American state of Colorado.

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List of people from Minnesota

This is a list of notable persons who were born or spent important time in the American state of Minnesota.

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List of people from Texas

The following are notable people who were either born, raised or have lived for a significant period of time in the U.S. state of Texas.

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List of presidents of the National Research Council of Canada

The National Research Council of Canada is a major federal research institution in Canada, founded in 1916 as the Honorary Advisory Council for Scientific and Industrial Research.

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List of Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize recipients

Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology is one of the highest multidisciplinary science awards in India.

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List of tagged degrees

Many American colleges offer programs of study which tag basic bachelor, master, and doctoral degrees with a particular speciality, as is common in the United Kingdom and elsewhere in the world.

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List of technologies

Here is a list of significant technological developments, by chronological order and organized by their type and technology just in general that humans have created so far in the world.

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List of trade unions in Quebec

This is a list of trade unions in Quebec, Canada.

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List of University of Karachi alumni

This is a list of alumni of the University of Karachi.

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List of University of Utah people

This list of University of Utah people includes notable alumni, non-graduate former students, faculty, staff, and former university presidents.

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Livet-et-Gavet

Livet-et-Gavet is a commune in the Isère department in southeastern France.

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Logology (science of science)

Logology ("the science of science") is the study of all aspects of science and of its practitioners—aspects philosophical, biological, psychological, societal, historical, political, institutional, financial.

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Lokoja

Lokoja is a city in Nigeria.

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Lorentz force velocimetry

Lorentz force velocimetry (LFV) is a noncontact electromagnetic flow measurement technique.

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Lorraine

Lorraine (Lorrain: Louréne; Lorraine Franconian: Lottringe; German:; Loutrengen) is a cultural and historical region in north-eastern France, now located in the administrative region of Grand Est.

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Lothal

Lothal is one of the southernmost cities of the ancient Indus valley civilization, located in the Bhāl region of the modern state of Gujarāt and first inhabited 3700 BCE.

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Lou Henry Hoover

Lou Henry Hoover (March 29, 1874 – January 7, 1944) was the wife of President of the United States Herbert Hoover and served as the First Lady of the United States from 1929 to 1933.

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Louis Bettcher

Louis A. Bettcher, Jr. (May 7, 1914 – December 14, 1999) was an inventor and pioneering manufacturer of handheld powered circular knives used in the meat processing industry.

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Low hydrogen annealing

Low hydrogen annealing is a heat treatment in metallurgy for the reduction or elimination of hydrogen in a material to prevent hydrogen embrittlement.

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Lowthian Bell

Sir Isaac Lowthian Bell, 1st Baronet, FRS (18 February 1816 – 20 December 1904) was a Victorian ironmaster and Liberal Party politician from Washington, County Durham, in the north of England.

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Lubomyr Romankiw

Lubomyr T. Romankiw (born 17 April 1931 in Zhovkva, Ukraine) is an IBM Fellow and researcher at IBM's Thomas J. Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, New York.

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Ludwig Martens

Ludwig Christian Alexander Karl Martens (or Ludwig Karlovich Martens; Людвиг Карлович Мартенс; − 19 October 1948) was a Russian revolutionary, Soviet politician and engineer.

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Ludwig von Bogdandy

Ludwig von Bogdandy (born 10 February 1930 in Berlin, died 5 May 1996 in Linz) (Bogdándy Lajos) was a German metallurgist and industrial executive.

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Lugged steel frame construction

Lugged steel frame construction is a method of building bicycle frames using steel tubing mated with socket-like sleeves, called lugs.

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Luus–Jaakola

In computational engineering, Luus–Jaakola (LJ) denotes a heuristic for global optimization of a real-valued function.

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Ma Yinchu

Ma Yinchu (1882–1982) was a prominent Chinese economist.

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Maanshan Iron and Steel Company

Maanshan Iron & Steel Company Limited is China's ninth largest steel producer after Baosteel Group and Wuhan Iron and Steel Corporation.

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Machina/The Machines of God

Machina/The Machines of God is the fifth studio album by the American alternative rock band The Smashing Pumpkins, released on February 29, 2000, by Virgin Records.

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Magia Naturalis

Magia Naturalis (in English, Natural Magic) is a work of popular science by Giambattista della Porta first published in Naples in 1558.

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Magnus W. Alexander

Magnus Wilhelm Alexander (February 1870 – September 10, 1932) was a German-born American electrical engineer and a technical designer for the General Electric Company and the Westinghouse Electric Company.

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Mainspring

A mainspring is a spiral torsion spring of metal ribbon—commonly spring steel—used as a power source in mechanical watches, some clocks, and other clockwork mechanisms.

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Majdanpek

Majdanpek (Мајданпек) is a town and municipality located in the Bor District of the eastern Serbia.

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Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur

The Malaviya National Institute of Technology (MNIT) is a Public University located in Jaipur, India with emphasis on science, engineering and management.

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Maljčiki

"Maljčiki" (Serbian Cyrillic: Маљчики, Russian for "Boys") is the second single by the Serbian and former Yugoslav new wave music band Idoli.

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Malvern Instruments

Malvern Instruments is a Spectris plc company.

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Manresa

Manresa is the capital of the Comarca of Bages, located in the geographic centre of Catalonia, Spain, and crossed by the river Cardener.

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Marabá, Pará

Marabá is a municipality in the state of Pará, Brazil.

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Margaret Beckett

Dame Margaret Mary Beckett (born 15 January 1943) is a British Labour Party politician who has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Derby South since 1983.

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Margaret MacVicar

Margaret L.A. (Scotty) MacVicar (November 20, 1943 – September 30, 1991) was an American physicist and educator.

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Mariahilf

Mariahilf is the 6th municipal district of Vienna, Austria (German: 6. Bezirk).

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Marie Louise Kold

Marie Louise Kold is an artist who works with the patination and etching of metals.

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Mariupol

Mariupol (Маріу́поль, also Mariiupil; Мариу́поль; Marioupoli) is a city of regional significance in south eastern Ukraine, situated on the north coast of the Sea of Azov at the mouth of the Kalmius river, in the Pryazovia region.

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Mark Miodownik

Mark Andrew Miodownik is a British materials scientist, engineer, broadcaster and writer at University College London.

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Marshall McDonald

Marshall McDonald (October 18, 1835 – September 1, 1895) was an American engineer, geologist, mineralogist, pisciculturist, and fisheries scientist.

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Martha Gnudi

Martha Gnudi, née Teach (26 October 1908 – 30 April 1976) was an American medical historian and translator.

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Maryam Rajavi

Maryam Rajavi (مریم رجوی) is the leader of the People's Mujahedin of Iran, a communist organization trying to overthrow the Iranian government.

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Masato Sagawa

Masato Sagawa (佐川眞人; born August 3, 1943 in Tokushima, Japan) is a Japanese scientist and entrepreneur, and the inventor of sintered permanent magnet NdFeB.

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Master Menace

Dr.

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Materials science

The interdisciplinary field of materials science, also commonly termed materials science and engineering is the design and discovery of new materials, particularly solids.

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Materials Science Citation Index

The Materials Science Citation Index is a citation index, established in 1992, by Thomson ISI (Thomson Reuters).

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Matthew Hunter

Matthew Albert Hunter (1878-1961) was a metallurgist and inventor of the Hunter process for producing titanium metal.

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Matthew McClung

Matthew Henry "Matt" McClung, Jr. (December 1, 1868 – March 3, 1908), sometimes referred to as Dibby McClung, was an American college football player, coach, and official.

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Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology

Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology (MANIT Bhopal), also known as National Institute of Technology, Bhopal (NIT Bhopal, NIT-B), formerly Maulana Azad College of Technology (MACT) and Regional Engineering College Bhopal, is an Institute of National Importance under the NIT Act in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.

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Max Ilgner

Max Ilgner (born 28 June 1899 in Biebesheim am Rhein – died 28 March 1966 in Schwetzingen) was a German industrialist.

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Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems

The Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems (MPI-IS) exists since March 18, 2011.

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Mâcon

Mâcon, historically anglicized as Mascon, is a small city in east-central France.

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Münzwardein

In medieval and Renaissance Germany, the Münzwardein (also Wardein or Guardein, from the Latin word guardianus for guardian, protector) was the title of an official whose duties included supervising the Münzmeister and the stock of precious metals used in minting.

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McMaster Faculty of Engineering

The Faculty of Engineering at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ont., is known for innovative educational programming, such as its five-year engineering and management program, and for its research and engagement with industry and community.

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McMaster University

McMaster University (commonly referred to as McMaster or Mac) is a public research university in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

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Mechanical engineering

Mechanical engineering is the discipline that applies engineering, physics, engineering mathematics, and materials science principles to design, analyze, manufacture, and maintain mechanical systems.

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Melchior (alloy)

In metallurgy, melchior is an alloy of copper, mainly with nickel (5–30%).

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Menzel Bourguiba

Menzel Bourguiba (lit), formerly known as Ferryville, is a town located in the extreme north of Tunisia, about 60 km from Tunis, in the Bizerte Governorate.

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Merensky Reef

The Merensky Reef is a layer of igneous rock in the Bushveld Igneous Complex (BIC) in the North West, Limpopo, Gauteng and Mpumalanga provinces of South Africa which together with an underlying layer, the Upper Group 2 Reef (UG2), contains most of the world's known reserves of platinum group metals (PGMs) or platinum group elements (PGEs) - platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium and osmium.

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Mesoamerica

Mesoamerica is an important historical region and cultural area in the Americas, extending from approximately central Mexico through Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and northern Costa Rica, and within which pre-Columbian societies flourished before the Spanish colonization of the Americas in the 15th and 16th centuries.

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Met-Mex Peñoles

Met-Mex Peñoles is a large metallurgical and chemical company located in Torreón, Coahuila Mexico.

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Metal

A metal (from Greek μέταλλον métallon, "mine, quarry, metal") is a material (an element, compound, or alloy) that is typically hard when in solid state, opaque, shiny, and has good electrical and thermal conductivity.

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Metallic bonding

Metallic bonding is a type of chemical bonding that arises from the electrostatic attractive force between conduction electrons (in the form of an electron cloud of delocalized electrons) and positively charged metal ions.

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Metalloinvest

Metalloinvest Management Company LLC (Металлоинвест) is a Russian mining and metallurgy company specializing in the manufacture of steel.

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Metallum Martis

Metallum Martis, a 1665 book by Dud Dudley, is the earliest known reference to the use of coal in metallurgical smelting.

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Metallurgical and Materials Engineering

Metallurgical and Materials Engineering is a peer-reviewed Open Access scientific journal, published by the Association of Metallurgical Engineers of Serbia.

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Metallurgical and Materials Transactions

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published in three sections (A, B, and E) covering metallurgy and materials science.

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Metallurgical coal

Metallurgical coal is a grade of low-ash, low-sulfur and low-phosphorus coal that can be used to produce high grade coke.

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Metallurgist

Definition: Metallurgist also known as metallurgical engineers or material science engineers is a material scientist or technician who specializes in metals.

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Metallurgy during the Copper Age in Europe

The Copper Age, also called the Eneolithic or the Chalcolithic Age, has been traditionally understood as a transitional period between the Neolithic and the Bronze Age, in which a gradual introduction of the metal (native copper) took place, while stone was still the main resource utilized.

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Metallurgy in pre-Columbian America

Metallurgy in pre-Columbian America is the extraction and purification of metals, as well as creating metal alloys and fabrication with metal by Indigenous peoples of the Americas prior to European contact in the late 15th century.

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Metallurgy in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica

The emergence of metallurgy in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica occurred relatively late in the region's history, with distinctive works of metal apparent in West Mexico by roughly AD 800, and perhaps as early as AD 600.

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Mete

Mete is a common masculine Turkish given name.

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Metrication in Australia

Metrication in Australia effectively began in 1966 with the conversion to decimal currency under the auspices of the Decimal Currency Board.

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Metz

Metz (Lorraine Franconian pronunciation) is a city in northeast France located at the confluence of the Moselle and the Seille rivers.

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MICEX 10

The MICEX 10 Index is an unweighted price index that tracks the ten most liquid Russian stocks listed on Moscow Exchange.

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Michael Castleman

Michael Zelig Castleman (born February 2, 1950) is an American journalist and novelist, based in San Francisco.

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Michael Dahl

Michael Dahl (1659–1743) was a Swedish portrait painter who lived and worked in England most of his career and died there.

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Michael F. Ashby

Michael Farries Ashby CBE, FRS, FREng (born 20 November 1935) is a British metallurgical engineer.

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Michael J. McCulley

Michael James "Mike" McCulley (born August 4, 1943), (Capt, USN, Ret.), is a former American naval officer and aviator, test pilot, metallurgical engineer, former NASA astronaut, and was the first submariner in space.

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Michael Layton, 2nd Baron Layton

Michael John Layton, 2nd Baron Layton (28 September 1912 – 23 January 1989), was, with his father Walter Layton, 1st Baron Layton, a founder member, and President (1983–1989) of the European-Atlantic Group, and was an active Internationalist.

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Michael Zinigrad

Michael Zinigrad, (מיכאל זיניגרד, Михаил Зиниград; born 1945) is an Israeli chemist specializing in materials science, materials engineering and nanotechnology.

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Micrometer

A micrometer, sometimes known as a micrometer screw gauge, is a device incorporating a calibrated screw widely used for precise measurement of components in mechanical engineering and machining as well as most mechanical trades, along with other metrological instruments such as dial, vernier, and digital calipers.

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Microscope image processing

Microscope image processing is a broad term that covers the use of digital image processing techniques to process, analyze and present images obtained from a microscope.

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Microstructure

Microstructure is the very small scale structure of a material, defined as the structure of a prepared surface of material as revealed by a microscope above 25× magnification.

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Midvale Steel

Midvale Steel was a succession of steel-making corporations whose flagship plant was the Midvale Steel Works at Nicetown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, which operated from 1867 until 1976.

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Mikhail Fridman

Mikhail Maratovich Fridman (also transliterated Mikhail Friedman; Михаи́л Мара́тович Фри́дман; born 21 April 1964) is a Russian business magnate, investor and philanthropist.

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Mikhail Lomonosov

Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov (ləmɐˈnosəf|a.

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Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25

The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25 (Микоян и Гуревич МиГ-25; NATO reporting name: Foxbat) is a supersonic interceptor and reconnaissance aircraft that was among the fastest military aircraft to enter service.

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Military history of Pakistan

The military history of Pakistan (تاريخ عسكری پاكِستان.) encompasses an immense panorama of conflicts and struggles extending for more than 2,000 years across areas constituting modern Pakistan, and the greater South Asia.

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Military history of South America

The military history of South America can be divided into two major periods - pre- and post-Columbian - divided by the entrance of European forces to the region.

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Milton C. Whitaker

Milton C. Whitaker was a noted 20th-century chemist.

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Mim Suleiman

Mim Suleiman is a singer, songwriter, composer, performer, workshop facilitator and campaigner from Zanzibar.

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Mineral industry of Azerbaijan

As of 2005, Azerbaijan produced a range of metals and industrial minerals, including aluminum, lead, iron, and zinc.

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Mineral resource classification

Mineral resource classification is the classification of mineral resources based on an increasing level of geological knowledge and confidence.

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Minerallurgy

Minerallurgy incorporates the science of mineral extraction and the recovery of minerals from natural or recycled resources.

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Mineralogy

Mineralogy is a subject of geology specializing in the scientific study of chemistry, crystal structure, and physical (including optical) properties of minerals and mineralized artifacts.

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Mining

Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, usually from an orebody, lode, vein, seam, reef or placer deposit.

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Mining engineering

Mining engineering is an engineering discipline that applies science and technology to the extraction of minerals from the earth.

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Mining in the Upper Harz

Mining in the Upper Harz region of central Germany was a major industry for several centuries, especially for the production of silver, lead, copper, and, latterly, zinc as well.

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Mintek

Mintek is an autonomous research and development (R&D) organisation specialising in all aspects of mineral processing, extractive metallurgy and related technology.

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Mirabello Bay

Mirabello Bay (also Bay/Gulf of Mirabello/Mirabella) is an embayment of the Sea of Crete on the eastern part of Crete in present-day Greece.

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Mirko Marjanović

Mirko Marjanović (Мирко Марјановић,; 27 July 1937 – 21 February 2006) was a former Prime Minister of Serbia from 1994 to 2000 and a high-ranking official in Slobodan Milošević's Socialist Party of Serbia (SPS).

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Mirza Hadi Ruswa

Mirza Muhammad Hadi Ruswa (مِرزا محمد ہادی رُسوا (1857 – 21 October 1931) was an Urdu poet and writer of fiction, plays, and treatises (mainly on religion, philosophy, and astronomy). He remained on the Nizam of Awadh's advisory board on language matters for years. He was well-versed in Urdu, Persian, Arabic, Hebrew, English, Latin, and Greek. His famed Urdu novel, Umrao Jan Ada, published in 1905, is considered by many as the first Urdu novel. It is based on the life of a renowned Lucknow courtesan and poet of the same name and later became the basis for Umrao Jan Ada (1972), a Pakistani film, and two Indian films, Umrao Jaan (1981) and Umrao Jaan (2006). The novel was also the basis of a Pakistani television serial, Umrao Jan Ada, which aired in 2003.

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Miscegenation

Miscegenation (from the Latin miscere "to mix" + genus "kind") is the mixing of different racial groups through marriage, cohabitation, sexual relations, or procreation.

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Mishra Dhatu Nigam

Mishra Dhatu Nigam Limited (मिश्र धातु निगम लिमिटेड; IAST: Mișra dhātu nigam limiṭeḍ), abbreviated as MIDHANI, is a specialized metals and metal alloys manufacturing facility in India, located in Hyderabad, Telangana.

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Mississippian culture

The Mississippian culture was a mound-building Native American civilization archeologists date from approximately 800 CE to 1600 CE, varying regionally.

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MME

MME may stand for.

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Modern history of Ukraine

Ukraine emerges as the concept of a nation, and the Ukrainians as a nationality, with the Ukrainian National Revival which is believed started sometime at the end of 18th and the beginning of 19th century.

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Mogilev

Mogilev (or Mahilyow; Магілёў,; Łacinka: Mahiloŭ; Могилёв,; מאָליעוו, Molyev) is a city in eastern Belarus, about from the border with Russia's Smolensk Oblast and from the border with Russia's Bryansk Oblast.

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Molecular sieve

A molecular sieve is a material with pores (very small holes) of uniform size.

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Mollee Kruger

Mollee Kruger (born 1929) is an American poet, journalist, and memorialist who currently lives in Rockville, Maryland.

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Molten-Salt Reactor Experiment

The Molten-Salt Reactor Experiment (MSRE) was an experimental molten salt reactor at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) researching this technology through the 1960s; constructed by 1964, it went critical in 1965 and was operated until 1969.

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Monthey

Monthey is the capital of the district of Monthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

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Morris Cohen (scientist)

Morris Cohen (November 27, 1911 – May 27, 2005), born in Chelsea, Massachusetts, United States, was an American metallurgist, who spent his entire career affiliated with MIT.

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Morris E. Fine

Morris Eugene Fine (April 12, 1918 – September 30, 2015) was Professor Emeritus of Materials Science and Engineering in Service and Member of the Graduate Faculty at Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.

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Moscow

Moscow (a) is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 13.2 million residents within the city limits and 17.1 million within the urban area.

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Moscow Oblast

Moscow Oblast (p), or Podmoskovye (p, literally "around/near Moscow"), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Motovilikha Plants

Motovilikha Plants (Мотовилихинские заводы) is a Russian metallurgical and military equipment manufacturer.

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Mound Builders

The various cultures collectively termed Mound Builders were inhabitants of North America who, during a 5,000-year period, constructed various styles of earthen mounds for religious, ceremonial, burial, and elite residential purposes.

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Mughal Empire

The Mughal Empire (گورکانیان, Gūrkāniyān)) or Mogul Empire was an empire in the Indian subcontinent, founded in 1526. It was established and ruled by a Muslim dynasty with Turco-Mongol Chagatai roots from Central Asia, but with significant Indian Rajput and Persian ancestry through marriage alliances; only the first two Mughal emperors were fully Central Asian, while successive emperors were of predominantly Rajput and Persian ancestry. The dynasty was Indo-Persian in culture, combining Persianate culture with local Indian cultural influences visible in its traits and customs. The Mughal Empire at its peak extended over nearly all of the Indian subcontinent and parts of Afghanistan. It was the second largest empire to have existed in the Indian subcontinent, spanning approximately four million square kilometres at its zenith, after only the Maurya Empire, which spanned approximately five million square kilometres. The Mughal Empire ushered in a period of proto-industrialization, and around the 17th century, Mughal India became the world's largest economic power, accounting for 24.4% of world GDP, and the world leader in manufacturing, producing 25% of global industrial output up until the 18th century. The Mughal Empire is considered "India's last golden age" and one of the three Islamic Gunpowder Empires (along with the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia). The beginning of the empire is conventionally dated to the victory by its founder Babur over Ibrahim Lodi, the last ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, in the First Battle of Panipat (1526). The Mughal emperors had roots in the Turco-Mongol Timurid dynasty of Central Asia, claiming direct descent from both Genghis Khan (founder of the Mongol Empire, through his son Chagatai Khan) and Timur (Turco-Mongol conqueror who founded the Timurid Empire). During the reign of Humayun, the successor of Babur, the empire was briefly interrupted by the Sur Empire. The "classic period" of the Mughal Empire started in 1556 with the ascension of Akbar the Great to the throne. Under the rule of Akbar and his son Jahangir, the region enjoyed economic progress as well as religious harmony, and the monarchs were interested in local religious and cultural traditions. Akbar was a successful warrior who also forged alliances with several Hindu Rajput kingdoms. Some Rajput kingdoms continued to pose a significant threat to the Mughal dominance of northwestern India, but most of them were subdued by Akbar. All Mughal emperors were Muslims; Akbar, however, propounded a syncretic religion in the latter part of his life called Dīn-i Ilāhī, as recorded in historical books like Ain-i-Akbari and Dabistān-i Mazāhib. The Mughal Empire did not try to intervene in the local societies during most of its existence, but rather balanced and pacified them through new administrative practices and diverse and inclusive ruling elites, leading to more systematic, centralised, and uniform rule. Traditional and newly coherent social groups in northern and western India, such as the Maratha Empire|Marathas, the Rajputs, the Pashtuns, the Hindu Jats and the Sikhs, gained military and governing ambitions during Mughal rule, which, through collaboration or adversity, gave them both recognition and military experience. The reign of Shah Jahan, the fifth emperor, between 1628 and 1658, was the zenith of Mughal architecture. He erected several large monuments, the best known of which is the Taj Mahal at Agra, as well as the Moti Masjid, Agra, the Red Fort, the Badshahi Mosque, the Jama Masjid, Delhi, and the Lahore Fort. The Mughal Empire reached the zenith of its territorial expanse during the reign of Aurangzeb and also started its terminal decline in his reign due to Maratha military resurgence under Category:History of Bengal Category:History of West Bengal Category:History of Bangladesh Category:History of Kolkata Category:Empires and kingdoms of Afghanistan Category:Medieval India Category:Historical Turkic states Category:Mongol states Category:1526 establishments in the Mughal Empire Category:1857 disestablishments in the Mughal Empire Category:History of Pakistan.

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Munir Ahmad Khan

Munir Ahmad Khan (منير احمد خان; b. 20 May 1926 – 22 April 1999; ''NI'' ''HI''), was a Pakistani nuclear engineer and a nuclear physicist, who served as the chairman of the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) from 1972 to 1991.

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Murasaki (novel)

Murasaki is a 1992 "shared universe" hard science fiction novel in six parts to which Poul Anderson, Greg Bear, Gregory Benford, David Brin, Nancy Kress and Frederik Pohl each contributed one chapter; it was edited by Robert Silverberg.

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Musa Bigiev

Musa Bigiev (sometimes known as Luther of Islam) (1870Azade-Ayşe Rorlich: The Volga Tatars, Stanford 1986; p. 59-61./75Charles Kurzman: Modernist Islam, 1840–1940. A Sourcebook, New York 2002, p. 254. in NovocherkasskElmira Akhmetova: Musa Jerullah Bigiev (1875–1949). Political Thought of a Tatar Muslim Scholar, Intellectual Discourse (2008, Vol.1), p. 49-71., Russian Empire – 28 October 1949 in Cairo, Egypt) was a Tatar philosopher, theologian, publicist and one of the leaders of the Jadid movement.

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Museum für Vor- und Frühgeschichte (Berlin)

The Museum für Vor- und Frühgeschichte ("Museum for prehistory and early history"), part of the Berlin State Museums, is one of major archaeological museums of Germany, and among the largest supra-regional collections of prehistoric finds in Europe.

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Mustafa Babanli

Mustafa Babanlı (Mustafa Baba oğlu Babanlı; born February 21, 1968), is an Azerbaijani scientist, Rector of the Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University.

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Mykolaiv

Mykolaiv (Микола́їв), also known as Nikolaev or Nikolayev (Никола́ев), is a city in southern Ukraine, the administrative center of the Mykolaiv Oblast.

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Myron MacLain

Myron MacLain is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.

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Myrtle Bachelder

Myrtle Claire Bachelder (March 13, 1908 – May 22, 1997) was an American chemist and Women's Army Corps officer, who is noted for her secret work on the Manhattan Project atomic bomb program, and for the development of techniques in the chemistry of metals.

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Mytilineos Holdings

Mytilineos Holdings S.A. (Μυτιληναίος Α.Ε. – Όμιλος Επιχειρήσεων, literally "Mytilineos – Group of Companies") is a Greek-based industrial conglomerate whose companies are active in the sectors of metallurgy, energy and EPC.

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Nador

Nador (Berber: Ennaḍor, ⴻⵏⵏⴰⴹⵓⵔ; Arabic: الناظور) is a coastal city and provincial capital in the northeastern Rif region of Morocco with a population of about 161,726 (2014 census).

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Namas Chandra

Namas Chandra (born April 17, 1952) is the Professor of Biomedical Engineering and Director, Center for Injury Bio-mechanics, Materials, and Medicine at New Jersey Institute of Technology.

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Naphthalene

Naphthalene is an organic compound with formula.

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Nathaniel P. Hill

Nathaniel Peter Hill (February 18, 1832 – May 22, 1900) was a United States Senator from Colorado.

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National Archaeological Museum, Athens

The National Archaeological Museum (Εθνικό Αρχαιολογικό Μουσείο) in Athens houses some of the most important artifacts from a variety of archaeological locations around Greece from prehistory to late antiquity.

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National Institute of Standards and Technology

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is one of the oldest physical science laboratories in the United States.

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National Institute of Technology Karnataka

National Institute of Technology Karnataka (NITK), formerly known as Karnataka Regional Engineering College (KREC), also known as NIT Surathkal, is a public engineering university at Surathkal, Mangalore.

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National Institute of Technology, Raipur

National Institute of Technology, Raipur (NIT Raipur), formerly Government Engineering College Raipur, is a technical institution funded by the Government of India located in Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India.

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National Institute of Technology, Srinagar

National Institute of Technology, Srinagar (NITSRI), formerly Regional Engineering College, Srinagar, is a public engineering and research institution, located in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.

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National Institute of Technology, Warangal

The National Institute of Technology, Warangal (NIT Warangal or NITW) is a public engineering institution located in Warangal, India.

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National Metallurgists' Day (NMD) Awards

National Metallurgists' Day (NMD) Award is an Award Scheme that was instituted in 1962 by the Government of India Ministry of Steel & Mines, in order to encourage metallurgy in India.

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National Nuclear Energy Commission

The National Nuclear Energy Commission (Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear; CNEN) is the Brazilian government agency responsible for the orientation, planning, supervision, and control of Brazil's nuclear program.

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National Science Museum (Thailand)

The National Science Museum is a science museum in Thailand.

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National Technical University of Athens

The National (Metsovian) Technical University of Athens (NTUA; Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο, National Metsovian Polytechnic), sometimes known as Athens Polytechnic, is among the oldest higher education institutions of Greece and the most prestigious among engineering schools.

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National Technological University – Córdoba Regional Faculty

The National Technological University – Córdoba Regional Faculty (Castilian: Universidad Tecnológica Nacional - Facultad Regional Córdoba (UTN-FRC)).

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National University of Science and Technology MISiS

The National University of Science and Technology "MISiS" (formerly Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys State Technological University) is Russia's primary technological university in the field of steelmaking and metallurgy.

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National University of Trujillo

The National University of Trujillo (Universidad Nacional de Trujillo) (UNT) is a major public university located in Trujillo, Peru, capital of the department of La Libertad.

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Native Americans in the United States

Native Americans, also known as American Indians, Indians, Indigenous Americans and other terms, are the indigenous peoples of the United States.

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Native state

In biochemistry, the native state of a protein or nucleic acid is its properly folded and/or assembled form, which is operative and functional.

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Natural science

Natural science is a branch of science concerned with the description, prediction, and understanding of natural phenomena, based on empirical evidence from observation and experimentation.

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Natural Sciences (Cambridge)

The Natural Sciences Tripos (NST) are several courses which form the University of Cambridge system of undergraduate teaching (called Tripos).

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Naval artillery

Naval artillery is artillery mounted on a warship, originally used only for naval warfare, later also for naval gunfire support against targets on land, and for anti-aircraft use.

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Naval history of Japan

The naval history of Japan can be said to begin in early interactions with states on the Asian continent in the early centuries of the 1st millennium, reaching a pre-modern peak of activity during the 16th century, a time of cultural exchange with European powers and extensive trade with the Asian mainland.

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Naval warfare

Naval warfare is combat in and on the sea, the ocean, or any other battlespace involving major body of water such as a large lake or wide river.

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Navoiy Region

Navoiy Region (.

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Nawaz Sharif

Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif (Urdu/میاں محمد نواز شریف, born 25 December 1949) is a Pakistani business magnate and former politician who has served as the Prime Minister of Pakistan for three non-consecutive terms, all of the three terms were unsuccessful.

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Nenad Popović

Nenad Popović (Ненад Поповић, born 30 September 1966) is a Serbian politician and businessman.

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Neolithic Italy

Neolithic Italy refer to the period that spanned from circa 6000 BCE, when neolithical influences from the east reached the Italian peninsula and the surrounding island bringing the so-called Neolithic revolution, to circa 3500-3000 BCE, when metallurgy began to spread.

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New Classification Scheme for Chinese Libraries

The New Classification Scheme for Chinese Libraries is a system of library classification developed by Yung-Hsiang Lai since 1956.

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New Jersey Inventors Hall of Fame

The New Jersey Inventor's Hall of Fame was established in 1987 to honor individuals and corporations in New Jersey for their inventions.

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New Kramatorsk Machinebuilding Factory

Novokramatorsky Mashynobudivny Zavod (Новокраматорський машинобудівний завод) is a large heavy equipment manufacturer in Ukraine.

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Newcastle University

Newcastle University (officially, the University of Newcastle upon Tyne) is a public research university in Newcastle upon Tyne in the North-East of England.

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Niagara Falls, New York

Niagara Falls is a city in Niagara County, New York, United States.

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Nickelhütte Aue

The Nickelhütte Aue is a modern manufacturing site in East Germany for pure non-ferrous metals like nickel, copper, cobalt, molybdenum, vanadium and tungsten.

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Nikhil Gupta (scientist)

Nikhil Gupta is a materials scientist, researcher, and professor based in Brooklyn, New York.

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Nikolai Tikhonov

Nikolai Aleksandrovich Tikhonov (Николай Александрович Тихонов; Kharkiv, – Moscow, 1 June 1997) was a Soviet Russian-Ukrainian statesman during the Cold War.

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Nikolay Dobrokhotov

Nikolay Nikolayevich Dobrokhotov (Никола́й Никола́евич Доброхо́тов; – 15 October 1963) was a Soviet scientist and metallurgist, Honored Worker of Science and Technology of the Ukrainian SSR, Academician of the Ukrainian SSR Academy of Sciences.

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Nitrogen generator

Nitrogen generators and stations are stationary or mobile air-to-nitrogen production complexes.

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Nizhniye Sergi

Nizhniye Sergi (Ни́жние Серги́) is a town and the administrative center of Nizhneserginsky District in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located on a rolling plain surrounded by the Ural Mountains, on the Serga River from Yekaterinburg, the administrative center of the oblast.

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Nizhny Tagil

Nizhny Tagil (p) is a city in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located east of the virtual border between Europe and Asia.

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Noble metal

In chemistry, the noble metals are metals that are resistant to corrosion and oxidation in moist air (unlike most base metals).

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Non-ferrous metal

In metallurgy, a non-ferrous metal is a metal, including alloys, that does not contain iron (ferrite) in appreciable amounts.

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Noranda (mining company)

Noranda Inc. was a mining and metallurgy company originally from Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec, Canada.

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Nuclear Power School

Nuclear Power School is a technical school operated by the U.S. Navy in Goose Creek, South Carolina to train enlisted sailors, officers, KAPL civilians and Bettis civilians for shipboard nuclear power plant operation and maintenance of surface ships and submarines in the U.S. nuclear navy.

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Nunnery Colliery

Nunnery Colliery was a coal mine close to the city centre of Sheffield, South Yorkshire.

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Nuragic civilization

The Nuragic civilization was a civilization in Sardinia, the second largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, which lasted from the 18th century BC (Bronze Age) to the 2nd century AD.

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Nyrstar

Nyrstar N.V. is a global multi-metals business, with a market leading position in zinc and lead and growing positions in other base and precious metals, such as copper, gold and silver.

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Obsidian use in Mesoamerica

Obsidian is a naturally formed volcanic glass that was an important part of the material culture of Pre-Columbian Mesoamerica.

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Occupational toxicology

Occupational (or industrial) toxicology is the application of the principles and methodology of toxicology to understanding and managing chemical and biological hazards encountered at work.

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Ocna de Fier

Ocna de Fier (Vaskő, Eisenstein) is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, in the Banat region of southwestern Romania.

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OFZ, a.s., Istebné

OFZ, a.s., Istebné, headquartered in Istebné, in Orava region in Slovakia, is Slovakia’s largest ferroalloy manufacturer.

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OJSC Dolomite

OJSC Dolomite (ОАО Доломит) forms part of the Russian metallurgical complex, being the only producer of metallurgical dolomite in Central Black Soil Region.

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Olsberg, Germany

Olsberg is a town in the Hochsauerland district, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Ordnance Factories Board

Ordnance Factories Board (OFB) (आयुध निर्माणी बोर्ड; IAST: Āyudh nirmāṇī borḍ) consisting of the Indian Ordnance Factories (भारतीय आयुध निर्माणियाँ; Bhāratīya āyudh nirmāṇiyān), is an industrial organisation, functioning under the Department of Defence Production of Ministry of Defence, Government of India.

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Ore

An ore is an occurrence of rock or sediment that contains sufficient minerals with economically important elements, typically metals, that can be economically extracted from the deposit.

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Ore Mountains

The Ore Mountains or Ore Mountain Range (Erzgebirge; Krušné hory; both literally "ore mountains") in Central Europe have formed a natural border between Saxony and Bohemia for around 800 years, from the 12th to the 20th centuries.

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Orissa School of Mining Engineering, Keonjhar

For OSME(Degree Stream), Keonjhar, see Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar. The Orissa(Odisha) School of Engineering(OSME,KEONJHAR) is a state govt.

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Orsk

Orsk (Орск) is the second largest city in Orenburg Oblast, Russia, located on the steppe about southeast of the southern tip of the Ural Mountains.

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Oskemen

Ust-Kamenogorsk (Усть-Каменого́рск) or Oskemen (Өскемен/Öskemen) is the administrative center of East Kazakhstan Region of Kazakhstan.

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Osmund Bopearachchi

Osmund Bopearachchi (born 1949) is a Sri Lankan historian and numismatist who has been specializing in the coinage of the Indo-Greek and Greco-Bactrian kingdoms.

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Ostrava

Ostrava (Ostrawa, Ostrau or Mährisch Ostrau) is a city in the north-east of the Czech Republic and is the capital of the Moravian-Silesian Region.

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Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski

Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski is a town in south-central Poland (historic province of Lesser Poland) with 74,211 inhabitants (2006).

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Otto Katz

Otto Katz, also known as André Simone amongst other aliases, was born in Jistebnice south of Prague, Bohemia, on May 27, 1895.

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Ouro Preto

Ouro Preto (Black Gold) is a city in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, a former colonial mining town located in the Serra do Espinhaço mountains and designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO because of its outstanding Baroque architecture.

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Outline of academic disciplines

An academic discipline or field of study is a branch of knowledge that is taught and researched as part of higher education.

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Outline of alchemy

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to alchemy: Alchemy – A philosophical tradition recognized as protoscience, that includes the application of Hermetic principles, and practices related to mythology, religion, and spirituality.

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Outline of engineering

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to engineering: Engineering is the discipline and profession that applies scientific theories, mathematical methods, and empirical evidence to design, create, and analyze technological solutions cognizant of safety, human factors, physical laws, regulations, practicality, and cost.

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Outotec

Outotec Oyj is a Finnish listed technology company that was created when Outokumpu Oyj span off its technology business into a separate entity in 2006.

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Overpressure ammunition

Overpressure ammunition, commonly designated as +P or +P+, is small arms ammunition that has been loaded to a higher internal pressure than is standard for ammunition of its caliber (see internal ballistics), but less than the pressures generated by a proof round.

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Oxidative coupling of methane

The oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) is a type of chemical reaction discovered in the 1980s for the direct conversion of natural gas, primarily consisting of methane, into value-added chemicals.

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Oxide jacking

The expansive force of rusting, which may be called oxide jacking or rust burst, is a phenomenon that can cause damage to structures made of stone, masonry, concrete or ceramics, and reinforced with metal components.

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Paixhans gun

The Paixhans gun (French: Canon Paixhans) was the first naval gun designed to fire explosive shells.

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Pakistan Academy of Sciences

The Pakistan Academy of Sciences (Urdu: پاکستان اكيڈ مى ﺁف سائنسز; abbreviated as: PAS), is a learned society of sciences, which described itself as "a repository of the highest scientific talent available in the country." Established in 1953 in Lahore, Punjab, the Academy acts as a consultative forum and scientific advisor to the Pakistan government on important aspects on the affairs of all forms of science– the social and physical sciences.

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Pakistan and weapons of mass destruction

Pakistan is one of nine states to possess nuclear weapons. Pakistan began development of nuclear weapons in January 1972 under Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, who delegated the program to the Chairman of the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) Munir Ahmad Khan with a commitment to having the bomb ready by the end of 1976. Since PAEC, consisting of over twenty laboratories and projects under nuclear engineer Munir Ahmad Khan, was falling behind schedule and having considerable difficulty producing fissile material, Abdul Qadeer Khan was brought from Europe by Bhutto at the end of 1974. As pointed out by Houston Wood, Professor of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, in his article on gas centrifuges, "The most difficult step in building a nuclear weapon is the production of fissile material"; as such, this work in producing fissile material as head of the Kahuta Project was pivotal to Pakistan developing the capability to detonate a nuclear bomb by the end of 1984.Levy, Adrian and Catherine Scott-Clark, Deception: Pakistan, the United States, and the Secret Trade in Nuclear Weapons. New York. Walker Publishing Company. 1977: page 112. Print. The Kahuta Project started under the supervision of a coordination board that oversaw the activities of KRL and PAEC. The Board consisted of A G N Kazi (secretary general, finance), Ghulam Ishaq Khan (secretary general, defence), and Agha Shahi (secretary general, foreign affairs), and reported directly to Bhutto. Ghulam Ishaq Khan and General Tikka Khan appointed military engineer Major General Ali Nawab to the program. Eventually, the supervision passed to Lt General Zahid Ali Akbar Khan in President General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq's Administration. Moderate uranium enrichment for the production of fissile material was achieved at KRL by April 1978. Pakistan's nuclear weapons development was in response to the loss of East Pakistan in 1971's Bangladesh Liberation War. Bhutto called a meeting of senior scientists and engineers on 20 January 1972, in Multan, which came to known as "Multan meeting". Bhutto was the main architect of this programme, and it was here that Bhutto orchestrated nuclear weapons programme and rallied Pakistan's academic scientists to build the atomic bomb in three years for national survival. At the Multan meeting, Bhutto also appointed Munir Ahmad Khan as chairman of PAEC, who, until then, had been working as director at the nuclear power and Reactor Division of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), in Vienna, Austria. In December 1972, Abdus Salam led the establishment of Theoretical Physics Group (TPG) as he called scientists working at ICTP to report to Munir Ahmad Khan. This marked the beginning of Pakistan's pursuit of nuclear deterrence capability. Following India's surprise nuclear test, codenamed Smiling Buddha in 1974, the first confirmed nuclear test by a nation outside the permanent five members of the United Nations Security Council, the goal to develop nuclear weapons received considerable impetus. Finally, on 28 May 1998, a few weeks after India's second nuclear test (Operation Shakti), Pakistan detonated five nuclear devices in the Ras Koh Hills in the Chagai district, Balochistan. This operation was named Chagai-I by Pakistan, the underground iron-steel tunnel having been long-constructed by provincial martial law administrator General Rahimuddin Khan during the 1980s. The last test of Pakistan was conducted at the sandy Kharan Desert under the codename Chagai-II, also in Balochistan, on 30 May 1998. Pakistan's fissile material production takes place at Nilore, Kahuta, and Khushab Nuclear Complex, where weapons-grade plutonium is refined. Pakistan thus became the seventh country in the world to successfully develop and test nuclear weapons. Although, according to a letter sent by A.Q. Khan to General Zia, the capability to detonate a nuclear bomb using highly enriched uranium as fissile material produced at KRL had been achieved by KRL in 1984.

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Palle Rama Rao

Palle Rama Rao FREng is an Indian scientist noted for his contribution to the field of Physical and Mechanical Metallurgy.

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Palmer C. Ricketts

Palmer Chamberlain Ricketts (January 17, 1856 – December 9, 1934) was the ninth president of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.

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Parliamentary history of Pakistan

The political history of Pakistan (پاکستان کی سیاسی تاريخ.) is the narrative and analysis of political events, ideas, movements, and leaders of Pakistan.

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Partition coefficient

In the physical sciences, a partition-coefficient (P) or distribution-coefficient (D) is the ratio of concentrations of a compound in a mixture of two immiscible phases at equilibrium.

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Patcha Ramachandra Rao

Patcha Ramachandra Rao (21 March 1942 – 10 January 2010) was a metallurgist and administrator.

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Paul Otlet

Paul Marie Ghislain Otlet (23 August 1868 – 10 December 1944) was a Belgian author, entrepreneur, visionary, lawyer and peace activist; he is one of several people who have been considered the father of information science, a field he called "documentation".

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Paul Rosbaud

Paul Rosbaud (18 November 1896 – 28 January 1963), was a metallurgist and scientific adviser for Springer Verlag in Germany before and during World War II.

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Paulo Paim

Paulo Paim (born March 15, 1950) is a Brazilian steelworker turned politician.

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Pavel Petrovich Anosov

Pavel Petrovich Anosov (Аносов Павел Петрович) (10 July 1796 (Old Calendar, 29 June), Tver — 25 May 1851 (Old Calendar, 13 May) was a Russian mining engineer, a metallurgical scientist, a major organizer of the mining industry, a researcher of the nature of the Southern Ural, governor of Tomsk and a General-Major. His family name is Anosov, his name was Pavel and his father's name was Peter, hence the patronymic name Petrovich.

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Paxman Ventura

The Paxman Ventura is a diesel engine for railway locomotives, built by Davey, Paxman & Co.

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Payman Maadi

Payman Maadi, also spelled Peyman Maadi, (پیمان مَعادی) is an Iranian actor, screenwriter and director.

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Peat

Peat, also called turf, is an accumulation of partially decayed vegetation or organic matter that is unique to natural areas called peatlands, bogs, mires, moors, or muskegs.

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Perceptor

Perceptor is the name of several different fictional characters in the Transformers franchise.

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Percy Spencer

Percy Lebaron Spencer (July 9, 1894 – September 8, 1970) was an American physicist and inventor.

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Percy White (nuclear scientist)

Percival Albert Frederick White OBE (16 July 1916 – 8 January 2013) was a British chemist, metallurgist and nuclear scientist who was involved in the creation and testing of Britain's first nuclear weapon during Operation Hurricane in 1952.

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Period 1 element

A period 1 element is one of the chemical elements in the first row (or period) of the periodic table of the chemical elements.

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Perm

Perm (p;Gramota.ru.) is a city and the administrative center of Perm Krai, Russia, located on the banks of the Kama River in the European part of Russia near the Ural Mountains.

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Perrecy-les-Forges

Perrecy-les-Forges is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne in eastern France.

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Pete Mauthe

James Lester "Pete" Mauthe (July 8, 1890 – January 1, 1967) was an American football player who lettered four years as a fullback for the Penn State Nittany Lions from 1909 to 1912.

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Peter Gregson

Sir Peter John Gregson, FREng (born 3 November 1957 in Dunfermline, Scotland) is a British research engineer and the Vice-Chancellor of Cranfield University from 2013.

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Peugeot 500 M

The Peugeot 500 M (1913-1914) was a French racing motorcycle designed by Ernest Henry in 1913.

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Philip Baxter

Sir John Philip Baxter (7 May 1905 – 5 September 1989), better known as Philip Baxter, was a British chemical engineer.

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Philip François Renault

Philippe François Renault (c. 1686 – April 24, 1755) was a French politician, businessman, explorer, metallurgist, and favorite courtier of King Louis XV of France, who left his native Picardy in 1719 for the Illinois Country, Upper Louisiana, in French North America.

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Philip Grierson

Philip Grierson, FBA (15 November 1910 – 15 January 2006) was a British historian and numismatist, emeritus professor of numismatics at Cambridge University and a fellow of Gonville and Caius College for over seventy years.

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Philip J. Withers

Philip John Withers (born May 1963) FREng FRS is the Regius Professor of Materials in the School of Materials, University of Manchester.

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Philippe Charles Tronson du Coudray

Philippe Charles Jean Baptiste Tronson du Coudray (September 8, 1738 – September 11, 1777) was a French army officer who volunteered for service in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War.

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Phosphor bronze

Phosphor bronze is an alloy of copper with 0.5–11% of tin and 0.01–0.35% phosphorus.

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Physical metallurgy

Physical metallurgy is one of the two main branches of the scientific approach to metallurgy, which considers in a systematic way the physical properties of metals and alloys.

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Pierre Bérégovoy

Pierre Eugène Bérégovoy (23 December 1925 – 1 May 1993) was a French politician who served as Prime Minister of France under President François Mitterrand from 2 April 1992 to 29 March 1993.

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Pierre Guillaume Frédéric le Play

Pierre Guillaume Frédéric Le Play (April 11, 1806 – April 5, 1882) was a French engineer, sociologist and economist.

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Pierre Lemonnier

Pierre Lemonnier (aka Petro Lemonnier) (28 June 1675 in Saint-Sever – 27 November 1757 in Saint-Germain-en-Laye) was a French astronomer, a Professor of Physics and Philosophy at the Collège d'Harcourt (University of Paris), and a member of the French Academy of Sciences.

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Pin brazing

Pin brazing is an easy, metallurgically safe method of making electrical connections to steel and ductile iron pipelines as well as other metallic structures, which are to be cathodically protected or electrically earthed.

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Pirdop

Pirdop (Пирдоп) is a town located in South-West Bulgaria in Pirdop Municipality of Sofia Province in the southeastern part of the Zlatitsa - Pirdop Valley at 670 m above sea level.

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Pisz

Pisz (previously also Jańsbork, Johannisburg) is a town in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship in Poland, with a population of 19,328 in 2004.

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PKP Cargo

PKP Cargo is a logistics operator and a part of the PKP Group in Poland.

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Plasma (physics)

Plasma (Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek English Lexicon, on Perseus) is one of the four fundamental states of matter, and was first described by chemist Irving Langmuir in the 1920s.

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Platinum

Platinum is a chemical element with symbol Pt and atomic number 78.

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Plot (graphics)

A plot is a graphical technique for representing a data set, usually as a graph showing the relationship between two or more variables.

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Pndapetzim

Pndapetzim is a fictitious city depicted in Umberto Eco's Baudolino.

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Polevskoy Copper Smelting Plant

The Polevskoy Copper Smelting Plant (Polevskoj medeplavilnyj zavod), also known as Polevaya or Poleva, was one of the major metallurgical facilities located in Polevskoy, in Sverdlovsk Oblast of Russia.

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Polish minority in the Czech Republic

The Polish minority in the Czech Republic (Polska mniejszość narodowa w Republice Czeskiej, Polská národnostní menšina v České republice) is a Polish national minority living mainly in the Zaolzie region of western Cieszyn Silesia.

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Polishing (metalworking)

Polishing and buffing are finishing processes for smoothing a workpiece's surface using an abrasive and a work wheel or a leather strop.

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Politehnica University of Bucharest

Politehnica University of Bucharest (Universitatea Politehnica din București) is a technical university in Bucharest, Romania.

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Polska Roma

Polska Roma are the largest and one of the oldest ethnolinguistic sub group of Romani people living in Poland.

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Polytechnic Museum

The Polytechnic Museum (Политехнический музей) is one of the oldest science museums in the world, located in Moscow that emphasizes the progress of Russian and Soviet technology and science, as well as modern inventions and developments.

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Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo

The Escola Politécnica of the University of São Paulo (or The Engineering School of the University of São Paulo, Portuguese: Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo) (usually called Poli, Poli-USP or EPUSP) is an engineering school in the University of São Paulo (USP) in São Paulo, Brazil.

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Poppet valve

A poppet valve (also called mushroom valve) is a valve typically used to control the timing and quantity of gas or vapour flow into an engine.

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Porosity

Porosity or void fraction is a measure of the void (i.e. "empty") spaces in a material, and is a fraction of the volume of voids over the total volume, between 0 and 1, or as a percentage between 0% and 100%.

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Portugal

Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa),In recognized minority languages of Portugal: Portugal is the oldest state in the Iberian Peninsula and one of the oldest in Europe, its territory having been continuously settled, invaded and fought over since prehistoric times.

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Positronic (company)

Positronic is a manufacturing company based in Springfield, Missouri.

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Post weld heat treatment

Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) is a controlled process in which a material that has been welded is reheated to a temperature below its lower critical transformation temperature, and then it is held at that temperature for a specified amount of time.

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Post-Classic stage

In the classification of the archaeology of the Americas, the Post-Classic Stage is a term applied to some Precolumbian cultures, typically ending with local contact with Europeans.

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Powder diffraction

Powder diffraction is a scientific technique using X-ray, neutron, or electron diffraction on powder or microcrystalline samples for structural characterization of materials.

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Pradeep Rohatgi

Pradeep K. Rohatgi (born 1943 in Kanpur, India) is a professor of materials engineering, and Director of the Center for Composites at the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee.

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Pre-Columbian Peru

Peruvian territory was inhabited 14,000 years ago by hunters and gatherers.

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Pre-Columbian rafts

Pre-Columbian rafts plied the Pacific Coast of South America for trade from about 100 BCE, and possibly much earlier.

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Pre-Nuragic Sardinia

The Pre-Nuragic period refers to the prehistory of Sardinia from the Paleolithic till the middle Bronze age, when the Nuragic civilization flourished on the island.

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Precipitation (chemistry)

Precipitation is the creation of a solid from a solution.

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Precipitation hardening

Precipitation hardening, also called age hardening or particle hardening, is a heat treatment technique used to increase the yield strength of malleable materials, including most structural alloys of aluminium, magnesium, nickel, titanium, and some steels and stainless steels.

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Prehistoric Iberia

The prehistory of the Iberian Peninsula begins with the arrival of the first hominins 1.2 million years ago and ends with the Punic Wars, when the territory enters the domains of written history.

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Prehistoric sites in Serbia

The best known cultural archaeological discoveries from the prehistoric period on the territory of modern-day Serbia are the Starčevo and Vinča cultures dating back to 6400–6200 BC.

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Prehistoric Wales

Prehistoric Wales in terms of human settlements covers the period from about 230,000 years ago, the date attributed to the earliest human remains found in what is now Wales, to the year AD 48 when the Roman army began a military campaign against one of the Welsh tribes.

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Prehistory

Human prehistory is the period between the use of the first stone tools 3.3 million years ago by hominins and the invention of writing systems.

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Prehistory and protohistory of Poland

The prehistory and protohistory of Poland can be traced from the first appearance of Homo species on the territory of modern-day Poland, to the establishment of the Polish state in the 10th century AD, a span of roughly 500,000 years.

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Prehistory of Anatolia

The prehistory of Anatolia stretches from the Paleolithic erahttp://www.sci-news.com/archaeology/science-stone-tool-turkey-02370.html through to the appearance of classical civilisation in the middle of the 1st millennium BC.

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Prehistory of Transylvania

The Prehistory of Transylvania describes what can be learned about the region known as Transylvania through archaeology, anthropology, comparative linguistics and other allied sciences.

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Primer (firearms)

In firearms, the primer is a component of handgun cartridges, rifle cartridges and shotgun shells, and is responsible for initiating the propellant combustion that will push the projectiles out of the gun barrel.

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Primetals Technologies

Primetals Technologies Limited, is an engineering and plant construction company for clients in the metals industry, both the ferrous and the nonferrous metals sector.

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Prince Rupert of the Rhine

Prince Rupert of the Rhine, Duke of Cumberland (17 December 1619 – 29 November 1682) was a noted German soldier, admiral, scientist, sportsman, colonial governor and amateur artist during the 17th century.

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Privat Group

The Privat Group, or PrivatBank Group (Група “Приват”, Grupa "Privat") is a global business group, based in Ukraine.

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Product certification

Product certification or product qualification is the process of certifying that a certain product has passed performance tests and quality assurance tests, and meets qualification criteria stipulated in contracts, regulations, or specifications (typically called "certification schemes" in the product certification industry).

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Professional Regulation Commission

The Professional Regulation Commission, (Komisyon sa Regulasyon ng mga Propesyon) otherwise known as the PRC, is a three-man commission attached to Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE).

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Project Pluto

Project Pluto was a United States government program to develop nuclear-powered ramjet engines for use in cruise missiles.

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Project X Engineers, Inc

Project X Engineers, Inc.

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Project-706

Project-706, also known as Project-726 was a codename of a project to develop Pakistan's first atomic bomb using uranium.

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Projectile point

In archaeological terms, a projectile point is an object that was hafted to weapon that was capable of being thrown or projected, such as a spear, dart, or arrow, or perhaps used as a knife.

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Proto-Villanovan culture

The Proto-Villanovan culture was a late bronze age culture that appeared in Italy in the first half of the 12th century BC and lasted until the 10th century BC.

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Protohistory

Protohistory is a period between prehistory and history, during which a culture or civilization has not yet developed writing but other cultures have already noted its existence in their own writings.

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Pullback motor

A pullback motor (also pull back or pull-back) is a simple clockwork motor used in toy cars.

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Pune Vidhyarthi Griha's College of Engineering and Technology

PVG's College of Engineering and Technology is an engineering college affiliated to the University of Pune, India, in Maharashtra.

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Punjab Engineering College

Punjab Engineering College(Deemed to be University) is one of India's pre-eminent institutions in the field of applied sciences, particularly engineering and technology.

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Pyrolysis

Pyrolysis is the thermal decomposition of materials at elevated temperatures in an inert atmosphere.

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Pyrometer

A pyrometer is a type of remote-sensing thermometer used to measure the temperature of a surface.

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Qing dynasty coinage

Qing dynasty coinage was based on a bimetallic standard of copper and silver coinage.

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Qingshan District, Wuhan

Qingshan District forms part of the urban core of and is one of 13 districts of Wuhan, the capital of Hubei province, People's Republic of China.

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Quehanna Wild Area

Quehanna Wild Area is a wildlife area within parts of Cameron, Clearfield and Elk counties in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania; with a total area of, it covers parts of Elk and Moshannon State Forests.

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Quenching

In materials science, quenching is the rapid cooling of a workpiece in water, oil or air to obtain certain material properties.

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R. Austin Freeman

Richard Austin Freeman (11 April 1862 – 28 September 1943) was a British writer of detective stories, mostly featuring the medico-legal forensic investigator Dr. Thorndyke.

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Races and creatures in His Dark Materials

This is a list of fictional races and creatures in the His Dark Materials series by Philip Pullman.

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Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti

Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti (რაჭა-ლეჩხუმი და ქვემო სვანეთი, Raç̇a-Leçxumi da Kvemo Svaneti) is a region (Mkhare) in northwestern Georgia which includes the historical provinces of Racha, Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti (i.e., Lower Svaneti).

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Rachid Koraïchi

Rachid Koraïchi is an Algerian artist, sculptor, print-maker and ceramicist, noted for his contemporary artwork which integrates calligraphy as a graphic element.

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Radial engine

The radial engine is a reciprocating type internal combustion engine configuration in which the cylinders "radiate" outward from a central crankcase like the spokes of a wheel.

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Rahim Huseynov

Rahim Huseynov Alihuseyn oglu (Rəhim Hüseynov Əlihüseyn oğlu), (born 5 April 1936), was the 3rd Prime Minister of Azerbaijan.

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Ram Pickup

The Ram pickup (formerly the Dodge Ram pickup) is a full-size pickup truck manufactured by FCA US LLC (formerly Chrysler Group LLC) and marketed as of 2011 onwards under the Ram Trucks brand.

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Ramanuja Vijayaraghavan

Ramanuja Vijayaraghavan (born January 3, 1931) is an Indian physicist, specializing in condensed matter physics.

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Rasaratna Samuchaya

Rasaratna Samuccaya (रसरत्नसमुच्चय Sanskrit in Devanāgarī script) or (Sanskrit in IAST transliteration), variously transliterated as Rasaratna Samuchchaya, Rasaratna Samucchaya, etc., is an alchemical work written in India, in the Sanskrit language, and datable to the thirteenth, fourteenth, or the sixteenth century.

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Ray Stantz

Raymond "Ray" Stantz, PhD is a fictional character from the ''Ghostbusters'' franchise.

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Raymond Smallman

Raymond Edward Smallman (4 August 1929 – 25 February 2015) was a British metallurgist and academic known for his research into alloys and the causes of metal fatigue.

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Raymond Zussman

Raymond Zussman (July 23, 1917 – September 21, 1944) was a second lieutenant in the United States Army and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in France during World War II.

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Razee

A razee or razée is a sailing ship that has been cut down (razeed) to reduce the number of decks.

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Red Dog mine

The Red Dog mine is a zinc and lead mine located in a remote region of the Arctic, within the boundaries of the Red Dog Mine census-designated place in the Northwest Arctic Borough of the U.S. state of Alaska.

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Reeducation in Communist Romania

Reeducation in Romanian communist prisons was a series of processes initiated after the installment of the communist regime at the end of the second world war, that targeted the people who were considered hostile to the party, the political prisoners, both from the established prisons and labor camps.

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Referativny Zhurnal

Referativny Zhurnal (or Referativnyi Zhurnal) ("Реферати́вный журна́л", lit. Review Journal) are the first two words of the titles of over a hundred different abstracting magazines (journals).

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Refining (metallurgy)

In metallurgy, refining consists of purifying an impure metal.

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Refraction (metallurgy)

In metallurgy, refraction is a property of metals that indicates their ability to withstand heat.

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Refractory metals

Refractory metals are a class of metals that are extraordinarily resistant to heat and wear.

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Reinhold Angerstein

Reinhold Rücker Angerstein, born October 25, 1718 at Vikmanshyttan, dead January 5, 1760 in Stockholm, was a Swedish metallurgist, civil servant and entrepreneur.

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Renault Argentina

Renault Argentina is the subsidiary of Renault in Argentina.

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Renfrew, Nova Scotia

Renfrew is a small ghost town in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in The Municipality of the District of East Hants in Hants County.

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Renold Schilke

Renold Otto Schilke (1910–1982) was a professional orchestral trumpet player, instrument designer and manufacturer.

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Reverberatory furnace

A reverberatory furnace is a metallurgical or process furnace that isolates the material being processed from contact with the fuel, but not from contact with combustion gases.

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Revere Copper Company

The Revere Copper Company is a copper rolling mill in the United States.

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Rezovo

Rezovo (Резово, pronounced) is a village and seaside resort in southeastern Bulgaria, part of Tsarevo Municipality, Burgas Province, in the coastal Strandzha geographical region.

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Rhône Group

Rhône Group is a global private equity firm, specializing in mergers and acquisitions, leveraged buyouts, recapitalizations, and partnerships with particular focus on European and trans-Atlantic investments.

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Rhondite

Rhondite is a nano-scale helical carbon-based structure created by Robert Job that may be used in the production of steels and alloys to increase hardness, strength, ductility, and wear resistance.

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Ribeirão, Pernambuco

Ribeirão is a city located in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil.

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Richard Beeching

Richard Beeching, Baron Beeching (21 April 1913 – 23 March 1985), commonly known as Dr Beeching, was a physicist and engineer who for a short but very notable time was chairman of British Railways and an affiliate of the Conservative Party in Britain.

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Richard Griffith (chess player)

Richard Clewin Griffith (22 July 1872 in London – 11 December 1955 in Hendon, London) was an English chess player, author and editor.

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Richard Leader

Richard Leader (1609–1661) was an English businessman who was the first manager of the Saugus Iron Works, the first integrated ironworks in North America.

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Richard Oriani

Richard A. Oriani (July 19, 1920 – August 11, 2015) was an El Salvador-born American chemical engineer and metallurgist who was instrumental in the study of the effects of hydrogen in metal.

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Richard Percival Lister

Richard Percival Lister, known simply as R. P. Lister (23 November 1914 – 1 May 2014), was an English author, poet, artist and metallurgist.

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Richard Rose (mystic)

Richard Rose (March 14, 1917 – July 6, 2005) was an American mystic, esoteric philosopher, author, poet, and investigator of paranormal phenomena.

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Rinku Singh Rahi

Rinku Singh Rahi (born 1982) is an Indian whistleblower and PCS officer fighting against corruption in sponsored welfare schemes in Uttar Pradesh (UP).

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Rio de Janeiro

Rio de Janeiro (River of January), or simply Rio, is the second-most populous municipality in Brazil and the sixth-most populous in the Americas.

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Rise of the Robots

Rise of the Robots is a fighting game released by Time Warner Interactive in.

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Rishi Bhat

Rishi Bhat (born May 19, 1984) is an American former child actor and internet entrepreneur.

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RMS Titanic

RMS Titanic was a British passenger liner that sank in the North Atlantic Ocean in the early hours of 15 April 1912, after colliding with an iceberg during its maiden voyage from Southampton to New York City.

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Roasting (metallurgy)

Roasting is a process of heating of sulfide ore to a high temperature in presence of air.

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Robert Baker (scientist)

Robert Baker, FREng, FIMMM (1938–2004) was a British metallurgist and steelmaker.

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Robert Carr

Leonard Robert Carr, Baron Carr of Hadley, PC (11 November 1916 – 17 February 2012) was a British Conservative Party politician.

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Robert Cornelius

Robert Cornelius (March 1, 1809 – August 10, 1893) was an American pioneer of photography and a lamp manufacturer.

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Robert Esnault-Pelterie

Robert Albert Charles Esnault-Pelterie (November 8, 1881 – December 6, 1957) was a pioneering French aircraft designer and spaceflight theorist.

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Robert Forester Mushet

Robert Forester Mushet (8 April 1811 – 29 January 1891) was a British metallurgist and businessman, born on 8 April 1811, in Coleford, in the Forest of Dean, Gloucestershire, England.

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Robert Franklin Mehl

Robert Franklin Mehl (March 30, 1898 – January 29, 1976) was an American metallurgist.

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Robert Hadfield

Sir Robert Abbott Hadfield, 1st Baronet FRS (28 November 1858 in Sheffield – 30 September 1940 in Surrey) was an English metallurgist, noted for his 1882 discovery of manganese steel, one of the first steel alloys.

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Robert Hallowell Richards

Robert Hallowell Richards (August 26, 1844 – March 27, 1945) was an American mining engineer, metallurgist, and educator, born at Gardiner, Maine.

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Robert Huggins

Robert A. Huggins is Professor Emeritus at the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at the School of Engineering at Stanford University and Chief Scientist at the Center for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research at the University of Ulm.

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Robert J. Weitlaner

Robert J. Weitlaner was born on April 28, 1883, in Steyr, Austria, the son of the civil engineer Julius Weitlaner and Therese Pillinger, a schoolteacher.

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Robert W. Cahn

Robert Wolfgang Cahn FRS (9 September 1924 – 9 April 2007) was a British metallurgist whose contributions to physical metallurgy centred on the properties of dislocations.

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Robin Nicholson (metallurgist)

Sir Robin Buchanan Nicholson, FRS, FREng (born 12 August 1934 Warwickshire England) was a university and then industrial metallurgist, who served as Chief Scientific Adviser, Cabinet Office, from 1983 to 1985.

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Rock Drawings in Valcamonica

The stone carvings of Val Camonica (Camonica Valley) are located in the Province of Brescia, Italy, and constitute the largest collections of prehistoric petroglyphs in the world.

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Rockwell scale

The Rockwell scale is a hardness scale based on indentation hardness of a material.

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Roland Duer Irving

Roland Duer Irving (April 27, 1847 – May 30, 1888) was an American Geologist.

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Roles of chemical elements

This table is designed to show the role(s) performed by each chemical element, in nature and in technology.

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Roman metallurgy

Metals and metal working had been known to the people of modern Italy since the Bronze Age.

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Romania in Antiquity

The Antiquity in Romania spans the period between the foundation of Greek colonies in present-day Dobruja and the withdrawal of the Romans from "Dacia Trajana" province.

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Rometsch

Karosserie Friedrich Rometsch, a German metallurgical-coachbuilding company based in Berlin-Halensee, manufactured, modified, and repaired coaches, trailers, bodies and chassis.

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Ross Island, Killarney

Ross Island is a claw-shaped peninsula in Killarney National Park, County Kerry.

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Rothe Erde

Rothe Erde is a district of Aachen, Germany with large-scale development in heavy industry.

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Royal School of Mines

The Royal School of Mines comprises the departments of Earth Science and Engineering, Materials and Bioengineering at Imperial College London.

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RTS Index

The RTS Index "Russia Trading System" (abbreviated: RTSI) is a free-float capitalization-weighted index of 50 Russian stocks traded on the Moscow Exchange, calculated in the US dollars.

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Ruch Chorzów

Ruch Chorzów is a Polish association football club based in Chorzów, Upper Silesia.

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Ruger Redhawk

The Ruger Redhawk is a DA/SA, large-frame revolver that was first introduced in 1979 by Sturm, Ruger & Company.

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Rupert Myers

Sir Rupert Horace Myers, (born 21 February 1921) is an Australian metallurgist, academic and retired university administrator, who was the third vice-chancellor of the University of New South Wales from 1969 to 1981.

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Rupertinoe

The Rupertinoe was an advanced naval gun designed by, and named after, Prince Rupert of the Rhine in the 17th century.

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Russell K. Hotzler

Russell K. Hotzler is the eighth and current president of New York City College of Technology.

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Russian Club of Financial Directors

The Russian Club of Financial Directors (RCFD) is All-Russian public organization uniting the individuals who usually has to deal with the volume of cash flows and, as a rule, financial management involved in the financing of projects, large-scale investment or money management.

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RWTH Aachen Faculty of Georesources and Materials Engineering

The Faculty of Georesources and Materials Engineering is one of nine faculties at the RWTH Aachen University.

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S. P. Meek

Sterner St.

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Saeed Malekpour

Saeed Malekpour (سعید ملک‌پور; born May 1975) is an Iranian web designer.

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Sailing ship tactics

Sailing ship tactics were the naval tactics employed by sailing ships in contrast to galley tactics employed by oared vessels.

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Saint Felix School

Saint Felix School is an co-educational independent day and boarding school in Reydon near the town of Southwold in the English county of Suffolk.

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Saint Petersburg

Saint Petersburg (p) is Russia's second-largest city after Moscow, with 5 million inhabitants in 2012, part of the Saint Petersburg agglomeration with a population of 6.2 million (2015).

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Saint-Joseph-de-Sorel

Saint-Joseph-de-Sorel is a town in the Regional county municipality of Pierre-De Saurel, in Montérégie, Quebec.

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Salamander (metallurgy)

A salamander (or deadman's foot or furnace bear) in the metallurgy dialect means all liquid and solidified materials in the hearth of a blast furnace below the tap hole.

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Saltes Island

Saltes Island (Isla Saltés) is a small fluvial island located in the Huelva River estuary in the province of Huelva, Andalusia, Spain.

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Samtskhe–Javakheti

Samtskhe–Javakheti (სამცხე-ჯავახეთი), is a region (Mkhare) formed in 1995 in southern Georgia from the historical provinces of Meskheti (Samtskhe), Javakheti and Tori (Borjomi gorge).

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San Luis Potosí

San Luis Potosí, officially the Free and Sovereign State of San Luis Potosí (Estado Libre y Soberano de San Luis Potosí), is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico.

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Saransk

Saransk (p; Саранош; Саран ош) is the capital city of the Republic of Mordovia, Russia, as well as its financial and economic centre.

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Sarazm

Sarazm is an ancient town and also a jamoat in north-western Tajikistan.

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Sardinia

| conventional_long_name.

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Saudasjøen

Saudasjøen is a village in Sauda municipality in Rogaland county, Norway.

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Sayed Khatiboleslam Sadrnezhaad

Professor Sayed Khatiboleslam Sadrnezhaad is an Iranian professor of materials science and engineering, and once chancellor of Sharif University of Technology and Materials and Energy Research Center.

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São Luís, Maranhão

São Luís (Saint Louis) is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of Maranhão.

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Scheil equation

In metallurgy, the Scheil-Gulliver equation (or Scheil equation) describes solute redistribution during solidification of an alloy.

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School of Chemistry, UNAM

The School of Chemistry is one of the 27 academic institutions that are part of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM).

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School of Metalliferous Mining

The School of Metalliferous Mining was formed in 1910 by the amalgamation of all the mining schools in Cornwall, England.

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Science

R. P. Feynman, The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Vol.1, Chaps.1,2,&3.

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Science and inventions of Leonardo da Vinci

Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) was an Italian polymath, regarded as the epitome of the "Renaissance Man", displaying skills in numerous diverse areas of study.

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Science and technology in Bulgaria

Since the beginning of the 20th century, Bulgaria has started to actively develop its own scientific and technological basis.

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Science and technology in Pakistan

Science and technology is a growing field in Pakistan and has played an important role in the country's development since its founding.

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Science and technology of the Han dynasty

The Han dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE) of ancient China, divided between the eras of Western Han (206 BCE – 9 CE, when the capital was at Chang'an), Xin dynasty of Wang Mang (r. AD 9–23), and Eastern Han (25–220 CE, when the capital was at Luoyang, and after 196 CE at Xuchang), witnessed some of the most significant advancements in premodern Chinese science and technology.

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Science and technology of the Song dynasty

The Song dynasty (960–1279 CE) provided some of the most significant technological advances in Chinese history, many of which came from talented statesmen drafted by the government through imperial examinations.

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Sclerometer

The Sclerometer, also known as the Turner-Sclerometer (from σκληρός meaning "hard"), is an instrument used by metallurgists, material scientists and mineralogists to measure the scratch hardness of materials.

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Scorpio (weapon)

The scorpio or scorpion was a type of Roman artillery piece.

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Scout rifle

The scout rifle is a class of general-purpose rifles defined and promoted by Jeff Cooper in the early 1980s.

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Second Industrial Revolution

The Second Industrial Revolution, also known as the Technological Revolution, was a phase of rapid industrialization in the final third of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th.

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Segundo, Colorado

Segundo is an unincorporated community in Las Animas County, Colorado, United States.

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Selwyn G. Blaylock Medal

The Selwyn G. Blaylock Medal or Selwyn Blaylock Canadian Mining Excellence Award was established in 1948 and is awarded annually by the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum to an individual that has demonstrated distinguished service to Canada through exceptional achievement in the field of mining, metallurgy, or geology.

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September 16

No description.

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Serge Mouille

Serge Mouille (24 December 1922 - 1988) was a French industrial designer and goldsmith.

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Sergei Vonsovsky

Sergei Vasilyevich Vonsovsky (also spelled as Vonsovskii or Vonsovskiy, Russian: Сергей Васильевич Вонсовский; August 20, 1910 – August 11, 1998) was a prominent Soviet and Russian physicist.

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Serhiy Tihipko

Serhiy Leonidovych Tihipko or Sergiy Tigipko (Сергій Леонідович Тiгiпко Сергей Леонидович Тигипко) (born 13 February 1960) is a Ukrainian politician and finance specialist who has been Vice Prime Minister of Ukraine.

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Sesto Pals

Sesto Pals, pen name of Simion (or Semion) Șestopali (born Шестопаль, also rendered as S(h)estopal, Sestopaly, or Sestopali; ca. 1912 – October 27, 2002), was a Russian-born Romanian and Israeli writer.

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Shaanxi Youser Group

Youser or Shaanxi Non-ferrous Metals Holding Group is the biggest molybdenum and titanium mining and metallurgy company in Shaanxi, China.

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Shao Xianghua

Shao Xianghua, (February 22, 1913 – March 21, 2012) was a Chinese scientist and metallurgical engineer.

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Sheldon Roberts

C.

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Shell (projectile)

A shell is a payload-carrying projectile that, as opposed to shot, contains an explosive or other filling, though modern usage sometimes includes large solid projectiles properly termed shot.

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Shot welding

Shot welding is a type of spot welding used to join two pieces of metal together.

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Shri Chhatrapati Shivajiraje College of Engineering

Shri Chhatrapati Shivajiraje College of Engineering is an engineering college located on the Pune-Satara Highway, Pune, India.

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Shrikant Lele

Shrikant Lele (born 1943) is an Indian metallurgical engineer and a distinguished professor of Banaras Hindu University.

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Siân Berry

Siân Rebecca Berry (born 9 July 1974) is an English politician and member of the Green Party of England and Wales.

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Sibplaz

ZAO Sibplaz (СИБПЛАЗ) is one of Russian leading mining, metallurgical and chemical companies, producing coal, anthracite, coke, nickel, aluminium, zinc, lead, titanium, group of rare metals, and engaging in mineral oil and conducts oil production and gas exploration in Siberia.

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Sican culture

This article concerns the Sican Culture of what is now Peru.

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Siddhi Savetsila

Siddhi Savetsila (สิทธิ เศวตศิลา,,, 7 January 1919 – 5 December 2015) was a Thai air force officer and politician.

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Siege engine

A siege engine is a device that is designed to break or circumvent heavy castle doors, thick city walls and other fortifications in siege warfare.

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Siegfried S. Hecker

Siegfried S. Hecker (born October 2, 1943) is an American metallurgist and nuclear scientist.

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Signy Abbey

Signy Abbey (Abbaye de Signy, Abbaye Notre-Dame de Signy; Signiacum) was a Cistercian abbey located in Signy-l'Abbaye, Ardennes, France.

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Silesian University of Technology

Silesian University of Technology (Polish name: Politechnika Śląska IPA) is a university located in Gliwice, Silesia, Poland.

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Silumin

Silumin is a group of lightweight, high-strength aluminium alloys based on an aluminum–silicon system.

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Silver

Silver is a chemical element with symbol Ag (from the Latin argentum, derived from the Proto-Indo-European ''h₂erǵ'': "shiny" or "white") and atomic number 47.

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Silver mining

Silver mining is the resource extraction of silver by mining.

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Simpson Gumpertz & Heger Inc.

Simpson Gumpertz & Heger Inc.

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Sintashta

Sintashta (Синташта) is an archaeological site in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia.

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Sintashta culture

The Sintashta culture, also known as the Sintashta-Petrovka culture.

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Sir Owen Wynn, 3rd Baronet

Sir Owen Wynn, 3rd Baronet (1592–1660) was the second surviving son of Sir John Wynn, 1st Baronet and Sidney Gerard, daughter of William Gerard, Lord Chancellor of Ireland.

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Sisak

Sisak (Sziszek; also known by other alternative names) is a city and episcopal see in central Croatia, located at the confluence of the Kupa, Sava and Odra rivers, southeast of the Croatian capital Zagreb, and is usually considered to be where the Posavina (Sava basin) begins, with an elevation of 99 m. The city's total population in 2011 was 47,768 of which 33,322 live in the urban settlement (naselje).

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Sisak-Moslavina County

Sisak-Moslavina County (Sisačko-moslavačka županija) is a Croatian county in eastern Central Croatia and southwestern Slavonia.

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Smelting

Smelting is a process of applying heat to ore in order to melt out a base metal.

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Smyth Report

The Smyth Report is the common name of an administrative history written by American physicist Henry DeWolf Smyth about the Manhattan Project, the Allied effort to develop atomic bombs during World War II.

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SNC-Lavalin

Founded in 1911, SNC-Lavalin Group Inc., a Montreal-based company, provides EPC and EPCM services in a variety of industry sectors, including mining and metallurgy, oil and gas, environment and water, infrastructure and clean power.

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Sodium fluoride

Sodium fluoride (NaF) is an inorganic compound with the formula NaF.

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Sodium lignosulfonate

Sodium lignosulfonate (lignosulfonic acid, sodium salt) is used in the food industry as a de-foaming agent for paper production and in adhesives for items that come in contact with food.

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Solid-state chemistry

Solid-state chemistry, also sometimes referred to as materials chemistry, is the study of the synthesis, structure, and properties of solid phase materials, particularly, but not necessarily exclusively of, non-molecular solids.

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Solid-state physics

Solid-state physics is the study of rigid matter, or solids, through methods such as quantum mechanics, crystallography, electromagnetism, and metallurgy.

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Solubility

Solubility is the property of a solid, liquid or gaseous chemical substance called solute to dissolve in a solid, liquid or gaseous solvent.

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Song Baorui

Song Baorui (born December 1937) is a retired politician of the People's Republic of China.

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Sorel-Tracy

Sorel-Tracy is a city in southwestern Quebec, Canada and the geographical end point of the Lake Champlain Valley at the confluence of the Richelieu River and the St. Lawrence River, on the western edge of Lac Saint-Pierre downstream and east of nearby Montreal.

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Sorocaba

Sorocaba is a municipality in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.

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SOU Kosta Susinov – Radoviš

SOU "Kosta Susinov" - Radoviš (in Macedonian: СОУ "Коста Сусинов - Радовиш", is a secondary school in Radoviš, Macedonia. The school educate students from grade 9 to grade 12, which counts for year 1 to year 4 (15–18 years of age students), and it is equivalent to a Freshman, Sophomore, Junior and Senior year of High school studies in some other parts of the world such as the United States. School usually begins in early September of each year and ends in early June. During the excess two and a half months, the students are given summer vacation to rest from the school year.

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Southwest Jiaotong University

Southwest Jiaotong University is located in national central city Chengdu, Sichuan Province, affiliated to the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China.

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Sow

Sow may refer to.

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Sparging (chemistry)

In chemistry, sparging, also known as gas flushing in metallurgy, is a technique which involves bubbling a chemically inert gas, such as nitrogen, argon, or helium, through a liquid.

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Spasim

Spasim is a 32-player 3D networked space flight simulation game and first-person space shooter developed by Jim Bowery for the PLATO computer network and released in March 1974.

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Spear

A spear is a pole weapon consisting of a shaft, usually of wood, with a pointed head.

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Splat quenching

Splat quenching is a metallurgical, metal morphing, technique used for forming metals with a particular crystal structure by means of extremely rapid quenching, or cooling.

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Sports associations (East Germany)

Sports Associations (Sportvereinigung) in East Germany were sports agencies for certain economic branches of the whole society, which were members of the Deutscher Turn- und Sportbund (German Gymnastics and Sports Association, DTSB).

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Spray forming

Spray forming, also known as spray casting, spray deposition and in-situ compaction, is a method of casting near net shape metal components with homogeneous microstructures via the deposition of semi-solid sprayed droplets onto a shaped substrate.

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Srikumar Banerjee

Dr.

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SS Heinrich Arp

Heinrich Arp was a cargo ship that was built in 1923 by shipyard F Schichau, Elbling, Weimar Republic for German owners «Heinrich F C Arp» (S. Öllgaard & Thoersen), Hamburg.

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SS Metallurg Baykov

The SS Metallurg Baykov (Металлург Байков) was a tweendecker freighter with steam turbine engines and the second Leninsky Komsomol-class cargo ship (Project 567).

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Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje

The Saints Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje (Универзитет „Св.) is the largest university in the Republic of Macedonia.

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Stainless steel

In metallurgy, stainless steel, also known as inox steel or inox from French inoxydable (inoxidizable), is a steel alloy with a minimum of 10.5% chromium content by mass.

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Stanisław Staszic

Stanisław Wawrzyniec Staszic (baptised 6 November 1755 – 20 January 1826) was a leading figure in the Polish Enlightenment: a Catholic priest, philosopher, geologist, writer, poet, translator and statesman.

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Stanley Baldwin

Stanley Baldwin, 1st Earl Baldwin of Bewdley, (3 August 186714 December 1947) was a British statesman of the Conservative Party who dominated the government in his country between the world wars.

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Stanley Robert Mitchell

Stanley Robert Mitchell (12 February 1881 – 22 March 1963) was an Australian commercial metallurgist as well as an amateur mineralogist and ethnologist.

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Starachowice

Starachowice is a town in south-central Poland (historic Lesser Poland), with 51,532 inhabitants (31.03.2013).

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State Council for Technical Education & Vocational Training,Orissa

State Council for Technical Education & Vocational Training (SCTE & VT) is located in the town of Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

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Staunton, near Coleford, Gloucestershire

Staunton is a village in the Forest of Dean in west Gloucestershire, England.

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Stead Primary Care Hospital

The Stead Primary Care Hospital was a NHS-run hospital located on Kirkleatham Street in the town of Redcar, England.

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Steam power during the Industrial Revolution

Improvements to the steam engine were some of the most important technologies of the Industrial Revolution, although steam did not replace water power in importance in Britain until after the Industrial Revolution.

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Steel abrasive

Steel abrasives are steel particles that are used as abrasive or peening media.

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Stolberger Zink

Stolberg Zinc joint-stock company for mining and smelter operations in Aachen (Stolberger Zink-AG für Bergbau und Hüttenbetrieb Aachen), or Stolberg Zinc Mines GmbH (Stolberger Zink Bergwerke GmbH), is a metal mining concern in the Aachen region and specifically in the area of Eschweiler-Stolberg, with headquarters in Stolberg.

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Stone Age

The Stone Age was a broad prehistoric period during which stone was widely used to make implements with an edge, a point, or a percussion surface.

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Stress concentration

A stress concentration (often called stress raisers or stress risers) is a location in an object where stress is concentrated.

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Strontium chloride

Strontium chloride (SrCl2) is a salt of strontium and chloride.

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Su Song

Su Song (courtesy name: Zirong 子容) (1020–1101 AD) was a renowned Hokkien polymath who was described as a scientist, mathematician, statesman, astronomer, cartographer, horologist, medical doctor, pharmacologist, mineralogist, zoologist, botanist, mechanical and architectural engineer, poet, antiquarian, and ambassador of the Song Dynasty (960–1279).

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Subgrain rotation recrystallization

In metallurgy, materials science and structural geology, subgrain rotation recrystallization is recognized as an important mechanism for dynamic recrystallisation.

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Subodh Das

Subodh Kumar Das (born 19 June 1947) is a scientist, engineer, and inventor, largely renowned for his work in the aluminum industry.

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Subra Suresh

Subra Suresh (Tamil:சுப்ரா சுரேஷ்) is the fourth President of Singapore’s Nanyang Technological University (NTU) with effect from 1 January 2018, where he is also the inaugural Distinguished University Professor.

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Subrata Dasgupta

Subrata Dasgupta is a bi-cultural multidisciplinary scholar, scientist, and writer.

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Sue Ion

Dame Susan Elizabeth Ion (née Burrows) (née Burrows; 3 February 1955) is a British engineer and an expert advisor on the nuclear power industry.

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Suhaib Ilyasi

Suhaib Ilyasi (born 15 November 1966) is an Indian television producer and director.

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Sumqayit

Sumqayit (Sumqayıt sumgɑˈjɯt, also transliterated as Sumgait or Sumgayit) is the third-largest city in Azerbaijan, located near the Caspian Sea, about away from the capital, Baku.

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Sundar Pichai

Pichai Sundararajan (born 12 July 1972), also known as Sundar Pichai, is an Indian American business executive.

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Supergun

A supergun is an extraordinarily large artillery piece.

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Susan Cooper

Susan Mary Cooper (born 23 May 1935) is an English author of children's books.

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Susan Leeman

Susan E. Leeman (born May 9, 1930) is an American endocrinologist considered one of the founders of neuroendocrinology.

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Swanson School of Engineering

The Swanson School of Engineering is the engineering school of the University of Pittsburgh in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

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Swedish nuclear weapons program

After World War II, Sweden considered building nuclear weapons to defend themselves against an offensive assault from the Soviet Union.

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Sylvania Electric Products explosion

On the morning of July 2, 1956, an explosion involving scrap thorium occurred at the Sylvania Electric Products' Metallurgical Laboratory in Bayside, Queens, New York.

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Sypniewski

The surname Sypniewski is of Polish origin and centered on the Oder region where families bearing this surname are still found today.

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T2 tanker

The T2 tanker, or T2, was a class of oil tanker constructed and produced in large quantities in the United States during World War II.

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Tadeusz Pyka

Tadeusz Pyka (May 17, 1930 – May 23, 2009) was a former Polish communist politician, who served as a Deputy Prime Minister of Poland.

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Tadeusz Sendzimir

Tadeusz Sendzimir (originally Sędzimir, July 15, 1894, Lwów – September 1, 1989, Jupiter, Florida) of Ostoja coat of arms was a Polish engineer and inventor of international renown with 120 patents in mining and metallurgy, 73 of which were awarded to him in the United States.

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Tangier

Tangier (طَنجة Ṭanjah; Berber: ⵟⴰⵏⴵⴰ Ṭanja; old Berber name: ⵜⵉⵏⴳⵉ Tingi; adapted to Latin: Tingis; Tanger; Tánger; also called Tangiers in English) is a major city in northwestern Morocco.

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Tanjore Ramachandra Anantharaman

Tanjore Ramachandra Anantharaman (25 November 1927 – 19 June 2009) was one of India's pre-eminent metallurgists and materials scientists.

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Tank leaching

In metallurgical processes tank leaching is a hydrometallurgical method of extracting valuable material (usually metals) from ore.

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Target and the Targeteers

The Target and the Targeteers are fictional characters, a trio of superheroes who first appeared in 1940, in Target Comics (after which the characters were named) from Novelty Press.

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Targray

Targray Technology International Inc., commonly referred to as Targray, is a Canadian multinational chemical and electronic materials corporation headquartered in Kirkland, Quebec that supplies advanced materials and supply chain solutions to the international biofuel, lithium-ion battery, energy storage, and photovoltaics industries.

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Tashkent Region

Tashkent Region (Toshkent viloyati, Тошкент вилояти) is a viloyat (region) of Uzbekistan, located in the northeastern part of the country, between the Syr Darya River and the Tien Shan Mountains.

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Técnicas Reunidas

Técnicas Reunidas, S.A. (meaning "Gathered Techniques"), or TRSA, is a Spanish-based general contractor which provides engineering, procurement and construction of industrial and power generation plants, particularly in the oil and gas sector.

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Technological and industrial history of China

The technological and industrial history of China is extremely varied, and extensive.

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Technology

Technology ("science of craft", from Greek τέχνη, techne, "art, skill, cunning of hand"; and -λογία, -logia) is first robustly defined by Jacob Bigelow in 1829 as: "...principles, processes, and nomenclatures of the more conspicuous arts, particularly those which involve applications of science, and which may be considered useful, by promoting the benefit of society, together with the emolument of those who pursue them".

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Technology in Silesia

The development of technology in Silesia started towards the end of the 18th century when the Prussian authorities created a special department for mining and metallurgy under the direction of the Count Frederic Wilhelm von Reden.

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Teesside University

Teesside University is a public university with its main campus in Middlesbrough, Teesside in North East England.

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Teishebaini

Teishebaini (also Teshebani, modern Karmir Blur (Կարմիր Բլուր) referring more to the hill that the fortress is located upon) was the capital of the Transcaucasian provinces of the ancient kingdom of Urartu.

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Tellurium

Tellurium is a chemical element with symbol Te and atomic number 52.

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TEMA India

TEMA India is an Indian engineering business specialising in manufacture of Heat exchangers.

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Tempering (metallurgy)

Tempering is a process of heat treating, which is used to increase the toughness of iron-based alloys.

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Terkel Rosenqvist

Terkel Nissen Rosenqvist (2 October 1921 – 1 April 2011) was a Norwegian chemist and metallurgist.

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Ternary plot

A ternary plot, ternary graph, triangle plot, simplex plot, Gibbs triangle or de Finetti diagram is a barycentric plot on three variables which sum to a constant.

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Tesla turbine

The Tesla turbine is a bladeless centripetal flow turbine patented by Nikola Tesla in 1913.

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Thái Nguyên

Thái Nguyên is a city and municipality in Vietnam.

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The Aluminum Association

The Aluminum Association is a trade association for the aluminum production, fabrication and recycling industries, and their suppliers.

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The Art of Investing in America

The Art of Investing in America: Secrets to Success is the sixth book written by Dennis Unkovic.

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The arts

The arts refers to the theory and physical expression of creativity found in human societies and cultures.

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The Elder Scrolls

The Elder Scrolls is a series of action role-playing open world fantasy video games primarily developed by Bethesda Game Studios and published by Bethesda Softworks.

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The Falls

The Falls is a 1980 film directed by Peter Greenaway.

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The Four Elements of Architecture

The Four Elements of Architecture is a book by the German architect Gottfried Semper.

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The Fourth Protocol

The Fourth Protocol is a novel written by Frederick Forsyth and published in August 1984.

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The Mirror of Alchimy

The Mirror of Alchimy is a short alchemical manual, known in Latin as Speculum Alchemiae.

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The NIST World Trade Center Disaster Investigation

The National Construction Safety Team Act (NCST Act), signed into law on October 1, 2002 by President George W. Bush, mandated the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to establish the likely technical cause or causes of the three building failures that occurred on September 11, 2001 at the World Trade Center as a result of a terrorist attack.

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The Welding Institute

The Welding Institute or TWI is a research and technology organisation, with a specialty in welding.

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Thermocouple

A thermocouple is an electrical device consisting of two dissimilar electrical conductors forming electrical junctions at differing temperatures.

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Thermomechanical processing

Thermomechanical processing, is a metallurgical process that combines mechanical or plastic deformation process like compression or forging, rolling etc.

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Thin Solid Films

Thin Solid Films is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published 24 times per year by Elsevier.

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Thomas Barger

Thomas Barger (1909 – 1986) was an American geologist, explorer, miner, businessman and former CEO of the Arabian American Oil Company (formerly Aramco now Saudi Aramco).

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Thomas Messinger Drown

Thomas Messinger Drown (March 19, 1842 – November 17, 1904) was the fourth University President of Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States.

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Thomas O. Paine

Thomas Otten Paine (November 9, 1921 – May 4, 1992), an American scientist and advocate of Space exploration, was the third Administrator of NASA, serving from March 21, 1969 to September 15, 1970.

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Thomas Turner (metallurgist)

Thomas Turner Sc., A.R.S.M., F.R.I.C. (Birmingham, 1861–1951) was the first Professor of Metallurgy in Britain, at the University of Birmingham.

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Thyssen AG

Thyssen was a major German steel producer founded by August Thyssen.

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Tiangong Kaiwu

The Tiangong Kaiwu (天工開物), or The Exploitation of the Works of Nature was a Chinese encyclopedia compiled by Song Yingxing.

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Time Team (series 11)

This is a list of Time Team episodes from series 11.

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Timeline of environmental history

The timeline lists events in the external environment that have influenced events in human history.

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Timeline of Indian innovation

Timeline of Indian Innovation encompasses key events in the history of technology in the subcontinent historically referred to as India and the modern Indian state.

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Timeline of materials technology

Major innovations in materials technology.

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Timeline of Polish science and technology

Education has been of prime interest to Poland's rulers since the early 12th century.

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Timothy Beers

Timothy C. Beers (born June 24, 1957) is an American astrophysicist.

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Titanium gold

In metallurgy, titanium gold (Ti-Au or Au-Ti) refers to an alloy consisting of titanium and gold.

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Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations

Title 40 is a part of the United States Code of Federal Regulations.

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Tkay Maidza

Takudzwa Victoria Rosa "Tkay" Maidza is an Australian singer-songwriter and rapper.

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Tocopilla

Tocopilla is a city and commune in the Antofagasta Region, in the north of Chile.

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Tokushichi Mishima

was a Japanese metallurgist.

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Tokyo Dental College

is a private university in the city of Mihama-ku, Chiba, Japan.

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Toledo do Brasil

Toledo do Brasil is a Brazilian provider of solutions for hardware, software and services in the weighing industry. It is well positioned in various market segments in which it operates and serves all Brazil. In 2014, its net income after taxes exceeded R$418 million.

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Tomislav Ljubenović

Tomislav Ljubenović (Томислав Љубеновић; born May 2, 1951) is a politician in Serbia.

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Torrean civilization

The Torrean civilization was a Bronze Age megalithic civilization that developed in Corsica, mostly in the area south of Ajaccio, during the second half of the second millennium BC.

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Toughness

In materials science and metallurgy, toughness is the ability of a material to absorb energy and plastically deform without fracturing.

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Tourism in Romania

According to National Tourism Statistics 9.9 million domestic and foreign tourists stayed in overnight accommodations in 2015.

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Touzac, Lot

Touzac is a commune in the Lot department in south-western France.

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Towerlands, North Ayrshire

Towerlands or Tourlands was a small estate of of good quality land in the parish of Irvine and the old barony of Kilmaurs, North Ayrshire, Scotland, situated near the more extensive property of Bourtreehill, the lands of which surrounded it on three sides.

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Tracteur Panhard-Châtillon

The Tracteur Panhard-Châtillon (was a conventional-cabin, all-wheel drive truck produced between 1911 and 1918 by the French manufacturer Panhard. It was one of the first all-wheel drive trucks used by the French military.

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Trakia Economic Zone

Trakia Economic Zone (TEZ) in Plovdiv is an industrial and commercial area and one of the biggest economic projects in Bulgaria.

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Transport phenomena

In engineering, physics and chemistry, the study of transport phenomena concerns the exchange of mass, energy, charge, momentum and angular momentum between observed and studied systems.

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Trifun Kostovski

Trifun Kostovski (Трифун Костовски) (born 27 December 1946 in Skopje, SR Macedonia), biography at City of Skopje official site, 2009.

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Trip hammer

Saint-Hubert (Belgium). A trip hammer, also known as a tilt hammer or helve hammer, is a massive powered hammer used in.

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Trois-Rivières

Trois-Rivières is a city in the Mauricie administrative region of Quebec, Canada, at the confluence of the Saint-Maurice and Saint Lawrence rivers, on the north shore of the Saint Lawrence River across from the city of Bécancour.

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Tu Youyou

Tu Youyou (born 30 December 1930) is a Chinese pharmaceutical chemist and educator.

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Tubal

Tubal, (תובל or תבל) in Genesis 10 (the "Table of Nations"), was the name of a son of Japheth, son of Noah.

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Tung-Sol

Tung-Sol was an American manufacturer of electronics, mainly lamps and vacuum tubes.

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Tuscaloosa, Alabama

Tuscaloosa is a city in and the seat of Tuscaloosa County in west central Alabama (in the southeastern United States).

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Tyco Toys

Tyco Toys was an American toy manufacturer.

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UAM Azcapotzalco

UAM Azcapotzalco is one of the five campi of Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana system, the second best ranked Mexican public university for the year 2018, according to Times Higher Education.

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Užice

Užice (Ужице) is a city and the administrative center of the Zlatibor District in western Serbia.

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Uchaly Mining and Metallurgical Combine

Uchaly Mining and Metallurgical Combine (UMMC or UGOK Открытое акционерное общество « Учалинский горно-обогатительный комбинат », « Учалы тау-байыҡтырыу комбинаты» Асыҡ акционерҙар йәмғиәте.) is a Russian metallurgical combine based in Uchaly, Bashkortostan.

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Uddeholms AB

Uddeholms AB is a multinational producer of high alloyed tool steel with production in Hagfors, Sweden.

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Ultrasonic impact treatment

Ultrasonic impact treatment (UIT) is a metallurgical processing technique, similar to work hardening, in which ultrasonic energy is applied to a metal object.

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Unethical human experimentation in the United States

Unethical human experimentation in the United States describes numerous experiments performed on human test subjects in the United States that have been considered unethical, and were often performed illegally, without the knowledge, consent, or informed consent of the test subjects.

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United Energy Systems of Ukraine

United Energy Systems of Ukraine, (UESU) (Єдині енергетичні системи України, ЄЕСУ), was a natural gas trading company in Ukraine.

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Universal Decimal Classification

The Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) is a bibliographic and library classification representing the systematic arrangement of all branches of human knowledge organized as a coherent system in which knowledge fields are related and inter-linked.

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Université Laval

Université Laval (Laval University) is a French-language, public research university in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.

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University of Alabama College of Engineering

The College of Engineering is one of the thirteen colleges at the University of Alabama.

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University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore

The University of Engineering and Technology Lahore (جامعہ انجینئری و ٹیکنالوجی لاہور, abbreviated as U.E.T Lahore) is a public research university located in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan specialising in STEM subjects.

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University of Lagos

The University of Lagos – popularly known as Unilag – is a federal government research university in Lagos State, southwestern Nigeria.

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University of São Paulo

No description.

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University of Science and Technology Beijing

The University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), formerly known as Beijing Steel and Iron Institute (北京钢铁学院) before 1988, is a national key university in Beijing, China.

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University of the Philippines College of Engineering

The College of Engineering of the University of the Philippines Diliman is the largest degree-granting unit in the U.P. System in terms of student population.

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University of the Witwatersrand School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering

The School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering is one of seven schools in the University of the Witwatersrand's Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment.

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University of Tripoli

The University of Tripoli (UOT) (Arabic: جامعة طرابلس), is the largest university in Libya and is located in the capital Tripoli.

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University of Zanjan

The University of Zanjan (ZNU) (Persian: دانشگاه زنجان Dāneshgāh-e Zanjan) is located in Zanjan, Iran.

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University of Zimbabwe

The University of Zimbabwe (UZ) in Harare, is the oldest and top ranked university in Zimbabwe.

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Ural Mining and Metallurgical Company

Ural Mining and Metallurgical Company (UMMC or UGMK Открытое акционерное общество «Уральская горно-металлургическая компания») is a Russian metallurgical company based in Verkhnyaya Pyshma.

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Ural State Technical University

Ural State Technical University (USTU) is a higher education institute in Yekaterinburg, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russian Federation.

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Uralmash

Uralmash is a heavy machine production facility of the Russian engineering corporation OMZ.

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Urdaibai estuary

The Urdaibai estuary is a natural region and a Biosphere Reserve of Biscay, Basque Country, Spain.

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Uri Sebag

Uri Sebag (born 11 November 1931) is an Israeli former politician who served as a member of the Knesset for the Alignment during the 1980s.

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Ursula Franklin

Ursula Martius Franklin, (16 September 1921 – 22 July 2016), was a German-Canadian metallurgist, research physicist, author, and educator who taught at the University of Toronto for more than 40 years.

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Uruk period

The Uruk period (ca. 4000 to 3100 BC) existed from the protohistoric Chalcolithic to Early Bronze Age period in the history of Mesopotamia, following the Ubaid period and succeeded by the Jemdet Nasr period.

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USRA standard

The USRA standard locomotives and railroad cars were designed by the United States Railroad Administration, the nationalised rail system of the United States during World War I. 1,856 steam locomotives and over 100,000 railroad cars were built to these designs during the USRA's tenure.

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USS Stewart (DE-238)

USS Stewart (DE–238) is an ''Edsall'' class destroyer escort, the third United States Navy ship so named.

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Utkalmani Gopabandhu Institute of Engineering

Utkalmani Gopabandhu Institute of Engineering, Rourkela also called the UGIE is one of the premier and prestigious State Governmental Diploma Engineering Institution in the western Zone of Odisha, which was established in 1962 under the Directorate of Technical Education and Training, Odisha also known as DTET.

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V6 engine

A V6 engine is a V engine with six cylinders mounted on the crankshaft in two banks of three cylinders, usually set at either a 60 or 90 degree angle to each other.

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Vacuum

Vacuum is space devoid of matter.

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Vadim Novinsky

Vadym Novynskyi (born 3 June 1963, Liga.net) is a Ukrainian (since May 2012) businessman, owner of Smart Holding Group, and politician.

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Valdivia

Valdivia is a city and commune in southern Chile, administered by the Municipality of Valdivia.

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Valence (city)

Valence (Valença) is a commune in southeastern France, the capital of the Drôme department and within the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region.

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Valerie Randle

Valerie Randle is a materials engineer who specialised in electron backscatter diffraction, grain boundary engineering, and has written a number of text books on the subject She was Welsh Woman of the Year in 1998 and in the same year was awarded the Rosenhain Award for achievements in Materials Science by the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining.

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Valladolid

Valladolid is a city in Spain and the de facto capital of the autonomous community of Castile and León.

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Vallès Occidental

Vallès Occidental is a comarca (county) in Catalonia, Spain.

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Vannoccio Biringuccio

Vannoccio Biringuccio, sometimes spelt Vannocio Biringuccio (c. 1480 – c. 1539), was an Italian metallurgist.

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Varna culture

The Varna culture belongs to the late Chalcolithic of northeastern Bulgaria.

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Varna Necropolis

The so-called Varna Necropolis (Варненски некропол) (also Varna Cemetery) is a burial site from 4569–4340 BC in the western industrial zone of Varna (approximately half a kilometre from Lake Varna and 4 km from the city centre), internationally considered one of the key archaeological sites in world prehistory.

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Vasily Sergeyevich Smirnov (metallurgist)

Vasily Sergeyevich Smirnov (Васи́лий Серге́евич Смирно́в; born December 20, 1914 O.S./January 2, 1915 N.S. in Petrograd; died March 5, 1973 in Leningrad) was a Russian Soviet metallurgist and a corresponding member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences (since 1960).

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Vazimba

The Vazimba (Malagasy), according to popular belief, were the first inhabitants of Madagascar.

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Vedanta Limited

Vedanta Limited, formerly known as Sesa Sterlite/Sesa Goa Limited, a Vedanta Group company is one of the world's largest global diversified natural resource majors, with operations across zinc-lead-silver, oil & gas, iron ore, copper, aluminium and commercial power.

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Vegard's law

In materials science and metallurgy, Vegard's law is the empirical heuristic that the lattice parameter of a solid solution of two constituents is approximately equal to a rule of mixtures of the two constituents' lattice parameters at the same temperature: \mathit_.

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Venezuela and the International Monetary Fund

The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela was a founding member of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in 1946.

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Victor Kravchenko (defector)

Viktor Andreevich Kravchenko (Віктор Андрійович Кра́вченко, 11 October 1905 – 25 February 1966) was a Soviet defector, known for writing the best-selling book, I Chose Freedom, published in 1946, about the realities of life in the Soviet Union.

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Vijay Koparkar

Vidyadhar Koparkar (born 1962) is a Hindustani classical singer.

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Vilafranca del Penedès

Vilafranca del Penedès, or simply Vilafranca, is the capital of the ''comarca'' of the Alt Penedès in Catalonia, Spain.

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Vinča culture

The Vinča culture, also known as Turdaș culture or Turdaș–Vinča culture, is a Neolithic archaeological culture in Serbia and smaller parts of Romania (particularly Transylvania), dated to the period 5700–4500 BC.

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Vincent Wardell

Vincent Andrew Wardell (1903–1990) was an Australian businessman, manufacturer and company director.

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Violarite

Violarite (Fe2+Ni23+S4) is a supergene sulfide mineral associated with the weathering and oxidation of primary pentlandite nickel sulfide ore minerals.

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Visegrád Group

The Visegrád Group, Visegrád Four, or V4 is a cultural and political alliance of four Central European statesthe Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia, that are members of the European Union (EU)for the purposes of advancing military, cultural, economic and energy cooperation with one another along with furthering their integration in the EU.

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Vladimir Grachev

Vladimir Aleksandrovich Grachev (born 3 March 1942 in Taimanikha, Rodnikovsky District, Ivanovo Region) is a Soviet/Russian scientist, politician, ecologist.

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Volcae

The Volcae were a tribal confederation constituted before the raid of combined Gauls that invaded Macedonia c. 270 BC and fought the assembled Greeks at the Battle of Thermopylae in 279 BC.

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Voldemārs Sudmalis

Voldemārs Sudmalis (1922–1990) was a Latvian football defender, one of the most popular post-war footballers from Liepāja.

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VSMPO-AVISMA

VSMPO-AVISMA Corporation (ВСМПО-АВИСМА) is the world's largest titanium producer.

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W. E. S. Turner

William Ernest Stephen Turner (22 September 1881 – 27 October 1963) was a British chemist and pioneer of scientific glass technology.

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Wales

Wales (Cymru) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain.

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Walter Boas

Walter Moritz Boas FAA (10 February 1904 – 12 May 1982) was a German-Australian metallurgist.

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Walter Rosenhain

Dr.

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Water treatment

Water treatment is any process that improves the quality of water to make it more acceptable for a specific end-use.

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West African Craton

The West African Craton (WAC) is one of the five cratons of the Precambrian basement rock of Africa that make up the African Plate, the others being the Kalahari craton, Congo craton, Saharan Metacraton and Tanzania Craton.

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West Yangon Technological University

West Yangon Technological University (ရန်ကုန်အနောက်ပိုင်း နည်းပညာတက္ကသိုလ်) is a public technology university, located in Hlaingthaya, Yangon, Myanmar.

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Whisker (metallurgy)

Metal whiskering is a phenomenon which occurs in electrical devices when metals form long whisker-like projections over time.

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Whitecliff Ironworks

Whitecliff Ironworks, sometimes referred to as Whitecliff Furnace, at Coleford, in the Forest of Dean, Gloucestershire, England, are industrial remains associated with the production of iron, using coke, in the Forest of Dean.

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Wilhelm August Lampadius

Wilhelm August Lampadius was born in Hehlen (Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel) on 8 August 1772 and died on 13 April 1842 in Freiberg.

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Wilhelm Biltz

Wilhelm Biltz (March 8, 1877 in Berlin – November 13, 1943 in Heidelberg) was a German chemist and scientific editor.

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Wilhelm Fenner

Wilhelm Fenner (* 14 April 1891 in Saint Petersburg † after 1946) was a German cryptanalyst, before and during the time of World War II in the OKW/Chi, the Cipher Department of the High Command of the Wehrmacht, working within the main cryptanalysis group, and entrusted with deciphering enemy message traffic (Cryptography).

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Wilhelm Schmidt (engineer)

Wilhelm Schmidt, known as Hot Steam Schmidt (German: Heißdampf-Schmidt) (1858–1924) was a German engineer and inventor who achieved the breakthrough in the development of superheated steam technology for steam engines.

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William Arbegast

William John Arbegast, Jr. (11 April 1951 in Davenport, Iowa – 28 November 2009 in Rapid City, South Dakota) was an American metallurgical engineer, mechanical engineer and friction stir welding expert.

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William Arthur Bone

William Arthur Bone, FRS (19 March 1871 – 11 June 1938) was a British fuel technologist and chemist.

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William Bowles (naturalist)

William Bowles (1705 – 25 August 1780), was an Irish naturalist.

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William Campbell (metallographer)

William Campbell, D.Sc., Ph.D., M.A. (1876–1936) was an English metallurgist, born at Newcastle on Tyne, England.

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William Francis Hillebrand

William Francis Hillebrand (December 12, 1853 – February 7, 1925) was an American chemist.

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William Garwood

William Davis Garwood, Jr. (April 28, 1884 – December 28, 1950) was an American stage and film actor and director of the early silent film era in the 1910s.

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William Gowland

William Gowland (16 December 1842 – 9 June 1922) was an English mining engineer who carried out archaeological work at Stonehenge and in Japan.

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William H. G. FitzGerald

William Henry Gerald FitzGerald (December 23, 1909 – January 5, 2006) was an American investor and philanthropist, who served as United States Ambassador to Ireland from 1992 to 1993.

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William Hyde Wollaston

William Hyde Wollaston (6 August 1766 – 22 December 1828) was an English chemist and physicist who is famous for discovering the chemical elements palladium and rhodium.

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William Kelly (inventor)

William Kelly (August 21, 1811 – February 11, 1888), born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was an American inventor.

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William Nelson Page

William Nelson Page (January 6, 1854 – March 7, 1932) was an American civil engineer and industrialist.

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William Penney, Baron Penney

William George Penney, Baron Penney (24 June 1909 – 3 March 1991), was an English mathematician and professor of mathematical physics at the Imperial College London and later the rector of Imperial College.

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William R. Lucas

William R. Lucas (born March 1, 1922) was the fourth Director of the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center.

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William Reid (VC)

William Reid VC (21 December 1921 – 28 November 2001) was a Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

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William W. Gullett

William Waitman Gullett (October 11, 1922 – September 24, 2015) served as the first county executive of Prince George's County, Maryland from 1971 to 1974.

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William Williams (academic)

William "Bill" Malcolm Williams (1927-2011) was a Canadian metallurgical engineer.

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Wilson Brothers & Company

Wilson Brothers & Company was a prominent Victorian-era architecture and engineering firm established in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, that was especially noted for its structural expertise.

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Woodhead Publishing

Woodhead Publishing Limited was established in 1989 as an independent international publishing company of science and technical books.

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Wootz steel

Wootz steel is a crucible steel characterized by a pattern of bands, which are formed by sheets of micro carbides within a tempered martensite or pearlite matrix in higher carbon steel, or by ferrite and pearlite banding in lower carbon steels.

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Worcester Polytechnic Institute

Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) is a private research university in Worcester, Massachusetts, focusing on the instruction and research of technical arts and applied sciences.

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Wu Chinese-speaking people

The Wu Chinese people, also known as Wuyue people, (Shanghainese) Jiang-Zhe people (江浙民系) or San Kiang (三江) are a major subgroup of the Han Chinese.

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Wuppertal

Wuppertal is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, in and around the Wupper valley, east of Düsseldorf and south of the Ruhr.

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X-ray crystallography

X-ray crystallography is a technique used for determining the atomic and molecular structure of a crystal, in which the crystalline atoms cause a beam of incident X-rays to diffract into many specific directions.

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X-ray scattering techniques

X-ray scattering techniques are a family of non-destructive analytical techniques which reveal information about the crystal structure, chemical composition, and physical properties of materials and thin films.

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Xu Caidong

Xu Caidong (27 March 1919 – 14 April 2016) was a Chinese metallurgist, politician, and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).

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Yamada Sōbi

Yamada Sōbi (山田宗美) (December 23, 1871 - March 15, 1916) was a Japanese metallurgic artist.

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Yangon Technological University

Yangon Technological University (YTU) (ရန်ကုန်နည်းပညာတက္ကသိုလ်), located in BPI, Yangon, is the premier engineering university of Myanmar.

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Yann M'Vila

Yann Gérard M'Vila (born 29 June 1990) is a French professional footballer who currently plays for French club Saint-Étienne.

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Yayoi period

The is an Iron Age era in the history of Japan traditionally dated 300 BC–300 AD.

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Yenakiieve

Yenakiieve (Єнáкієве, Yenakiieve; Ена́киево, Yenakiyevo), a city in the Donetsk Oblast (province) of eastern Ukraine, is incorporated as a city of oblast significance (a special status within the region equal to that of a raion (district)).

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Yerakini

Yerakini or Gerakini (Γερακινή) is a village in the Chalkidiki peninsula in Central Macedonia, Northern Greece.

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York Time Institute

The York Time Institute is a school in York, Pennsylvania providing instruction in the conservation, restoration, and repair of traditional and modern time-keeping devices.

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Yorkshire and the Humber

Yorkshire and the Humber is one of nine official regions of England at the first level of NUTS for statistical purposes.

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Yoruba religion

The Yoruba religion comprises the traditional religious and spiritual concepts and practices of the Yoruba people.

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Zahid Ali Akbar Khan

Lieutenant-General Zahid Ali Akbar (Urdu:زاہد على اكبر; b. 1933), was an engineering officer in the Pakistan Army Corps of Engineers, who oversaw the civil construction of the Army GHQ in Rawalpindi, and later directing the Engineering Research Laboratories (ERL), a top secret research facility developing the clandestine atomic bomb program in 1970s.

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Zakopane

Zakopane is a town in the extreme south of Poland.

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Zaolzie

Zaolzie is the Polish name for an area now in the Czech Republic which was disputed between interwar Poland and Czechoslovakia.

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Zaporizhia

− Zaporizhia (Запорі́жжя) or Zaporozhye (Запоро́жье), formerly Alexandrovsk (Алекса́ндровск), (Олександрівськ), is a city in southeastern Ukraine, situated on the banks of the Dnieper River.

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Zhou Ren

Zhou Ren (5 August 1892–3 December 1973) was a Chinese metallurgist, engineer and educator and one of the founders of the Science Society of China, a major science organization in the 20th century before the establishment of the Communist State.

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Zlatoust

Zlatoust (p) is a city in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Ay River (in the Kama basin), west of Chelyabinsk.

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Zona da Mata (Minas Gerais)

Zona da Mata is a mesoregion of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, situated in the southeastern part of the state, along the border of the states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo.

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Zosimos of Panopolis

Zosimos of Panopolis (Ζώσιμος ὁ Πανοπολίτης; also known by the Latin name Zosimus Alchemista, i.e. "Zosimus the Alchemist") was an Egyptian alchemist and Gnostic mystic who lived at the end of the 3rd and beginning of the 4th century AD.

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Zygmunt Szkopiak

Dr.

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.44 Henry

The.44 Henry, also known as the.44 Rimfire, the.44 Long Rimfire, or the 11x23mmR (11x23mm Rimmed) in Europe, is a rimfire rifle and handgun cartridge featuring a -long brass or copper case.

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107 mm divisional gun M1940 (M-60)

The 107 mm divisional gun M1940 (M-60) (107-мм дивизионная пушка образца 1940 года (М-60)) was a Soviet artillery piece, developed in the late 1930s in order to provide Soviet divisional artillery with a powerful field and anti-tank gun.

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1070

Year 1070 (MLXX) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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11th century

The 11th century is the period from 1001 to 1100 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Common Era, and the 1st century of the 2nd millennium.

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1530 in science

The year 1530 in science and technology included many events, some of which are listed here.

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1722 in science

The year 1722 in science and technology involved some significant events.

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1801 in France

Events from the year 1801 in France.

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1837 in science

The year 1837 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

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1869 in France

Events from the year 1869 in France.

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18th-century French literature

18th-century French literature is French literature written between 1715, the year of the death of King Louis XIV of France, and 1798, the year of the coup d’État of Bonaparte which brought the Consulate to power, concluded the French Revolution, and began the modern era of French history.

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3rd millennium BC

The 3rd millennium BC spanned the years 3000 through 2001 BC.

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4-digit UNESCO Nomenclature

UNESCO Nomenclature (more properly UNESCO nomenclature for fields of science and technology) is a system developed by UNESCO for classification of research papers and doctoral dissertations.

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History of metallurgy, Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Metal physics, Metalergy, Metallurgic Engineering, Metallurgic engineering, Metallurgical, Metallurgical Engineer, Metallurgical Engineering, Metallurgical chemistry, Metallurgical engineer, Metallurgical engineering, Metallurgical industry, Metallurgical processes, Metallurgists, Metals Engineering, Metalurgy, Properties and uses of metals.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metallurgy

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