PDP-11

The PDP-11 is a series of 16-bit minicomputers sold by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) from 1970 into the 1990s, one of a succession of products in the PDP series. ^[1]

396 relations: A.out, Aaron Lynch (writer), Accumulator (computing), Addressing mode, Albert Bregman, Alex Kempkens, ALGOL, ALGOL 68C, ALGOL 68S, Alpha Microsystems, AMD Am2900, Amiga, Ampersand, Amsterdam Compiler Kit, Ancient UNIX, ANDOS, Angstrem (company), Apple Worm, Applicon, Asymmetric multiprocessing, Atex (software), B (programming language), Bare machine, BASIC-11, BASIC-PLUS, Battlestar, BBC BASIC, BCPL, Bell Labs Digital Synthesizer, Belle (chess machine), Berkeley Software Distribution, Binary prefix, BLISS, Booting, Bowers & Wilkins, Bradwell nuclear power station, Brian Reynolds (game designer), Bruce Artwick, BSD Daemon, Burroughs large systems, Bus (computing), Business Operating System (software), BVS, C (programming language), C.mmp, Central processing unit, Chaosnet, Charon (software), Chiptune, Classes of computers, ..., CMX 600, CMX Systems, Coherent (operating system), COM file, Comparison of assemblers, Comparison of instruction set architectures, Comparison of platform virtualization software, Comparison of real-time operating systems, Complex instruction set computer, CompuServe, Computer, Computer Consoles Inc., Computer Science House, Computer Space, Concurrent Euclid, Control store, Coral 66, Coroutine, CorVision, CP/M, CR-5000, Cscope, CSI-DOS, Data General, Data General AOS, Data General Eclipse, Data General Nova, Datacube Inc., Datamax UV-1, Dataram, DATATRIEVE, Dave Cutler, Dc (computer program), DEC BATCH-11/DOS-11, DEC GT40, DEC J-11, DEC Professional, DEC Professional (computer), DEC Radix-50, DEC T-11, DECmate, DECnet, DECserver, DECSYSTEM-20, DECtape, Delimiterless input, DEMOS, DIBOL, Diff, Digital audio workstation, Digital Equipment Corporation, Digital Linear Tape, Diode matrix, Disk operating system, Distributed control system, Donald B. 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Prasad, Ken Thompson, Key derivation function, Key stretching, Killer application, Kombinat Mikroelektronik Erfurt, LaFarr Stuart, Larry Cuba, Lions' Commentary on UNIX 6th Edition, with Source Code, List of BASIC dialects, List of BSD operating systems, List of computer system emulators, List of computer systems from Slovenia, List of computer systems from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, List of disk operating systems, List of early microcomputers, List of file systems, List of filename extensions (F–L), List of home computers by video hardware, List of instruction sets, List of Internet pioneers, List of operating systems, List of programming languages by type, List of Soviet computer systems, List of text editors, Little Implementation Language, Living Computers: Museum + Labs, LOCUS (operating system), London Terminal Control Centre, Lunar Lander (video game genre), MACRO-11, Madden NFL, Magic number (programming), Massbus, MCP-1600, Memory-mapped I/O, Mentec PDP-11, Merit Network, Microcode, Microprocessor, Microsoft BASIC, MK-DOS, Modified Modular Jack, Modula, Molecular graphics, MONECS, Morgantown Personal Rapid Transit, MOSIX, Motorola 6800, Motorola 68000, Motorola 68000 series, MS-DOS, MTS system architecture, Multi-Environment Real-Time, Multi-user BASIC, Multiplayer video game, MUMPS, MUSIC-N, National CSS, National Instruments, Non-linear editing system, NOP, Nord-100, Null-terminated string, Octal, On-line Debugging Tool, Ontario Science Centre, OpenVMS, Operating system, Operations support system, Orthogonal instruction set, OS/8, Pacific Data Images, Packet switching, PALASM, Pascal (programming language), Pascal MicroEngine, PC game, PDP, PDP-10, PDP-11, PDP-11 architecture, PDP-11/44, PDP-11/73, Per Brinch Hansen, Peripheral Interchange Program, Pershing II, Phoenix (computer), Pick operating system, PL-11, Plessey, Pluribus, Plus (programming language), Poplog, Portable C Compiler, Processor register, Program animation, Programmable Array Logic, Programmed Data Processor, Pseudoterminal, Punched card input/output, PWB/UNIX, Rapira, Real-time text, Research Unix, Rhode Island Computer Museum, Richard Merrill, RK05, RL02, Robert Ledley, Rod Holt, Roff (computer program), Rogue (video game), Roguelike, Rotary system, Router (computing), RSTS/E, RSX-11, RT-11, Runoff (program), S-algol, SCADA, Signed number representations, SIMH, SM EVM, SM-1420, SM-4, Small-C, Soundstream, Source Code Control System, Spl (Unix), Stack (abstract data type), Stack machine, Stack register, Stanford University Network, Steven McGeady, Stoneblower, Subroutine, Super 8 (2011 film), Switching Control Center System, Synergy DBL, System bus, Talker, Tech Model Railroad Club, Telengard, Terak 8510/a, Terminal server, Texas Instruments TMS9900, The Design of an Optimizing Compiler, The National Museum of Computing, Therac-25, TI MSP430, Time-sharing system evolution, Timeline of binary prefixes, Timeline of DOS operating systems, TRIPOS, Troff, TRW Inc., TSX-Plus, TUNIS, TUTSIM, Two's complement, Type code, UCSD Pascal, UKNC, Ultrix, Unibus, UniFLEX, University of Computer Studies, Yangon, UNIX System III, UNIX System V, UNIX/32V, UNOS (operating system), Users' group, V-11, VAX, VAX 8000, VAX Macro, VAXBI Bus, Vector General, Vega program, Venix, Version 6 Unix, Version 7 Unix, VT100, VT11, VT52, WATFIV, Waveform graphics, Western Digital, Whitesmiths, William Anderson (naval officer), Witkar, Word (computer architecture), X86, Xenix, Xerox 9700, Xinu, Xv6, Zero flag, Zork, 11 (number), 16-bit, 1801 series CPU, 74181. 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A.out

a.out is a file format used in older versions of Unix-like computer operating systems for executables, object code, and, in later systems, shared libraries.

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Aaron Lynch (writer)

Aaron Lynch (February 18, 1957 – November 14, 2005) was an American writer, best known for his book Thought Contagion: How Belief Spreads Through Society.

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Accumulator (computing)

In a computer's central processing unit (CPU), an accumulator is a register in which intermediate arithmetic and logic results are stored.

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Addressing mode

Addressing modes are an aspect of the instruction set architecture in most central processing unit (CPU) designs.

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Albert Stanley "Al" Bregman (born September 15, 1936) is a Canadian professor and researcher in experimental psychology, cognitive science, and Gestalt psychology, primarily in the perceptual organization of sound.

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Alex Kempkens

Alex Kempkens (born Alexander Kempkens, 24September 1942) is a German photographer, photojournalist and computer artist.

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ALGOL

ALGOL (short for "Algorithmic Language") is a family of imperative computer programming languages, originally developed in the mid-1950s, which greatly influenced many other languages and was the standard method for algorithm description used by the ACM in textbooks and academic sources for more than thirty years.

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ALGOL 68C

The language was originally called Z70 and was subsequently morphed into ALGOL 68.

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ALGOL 68S

ALGOL 68SA Sublanguage of ALGOL 68, P.G. Hibbard, SIGPLAN Notices 12(5), May 1977 was designed as a subset of ALGOL 68 in order to permit single-pass compilation.

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Alpha Microsystems

Alpha Microsystems is a computer company founded in 1977 by John French, Dick Wilcox and Bob Hitchcock.

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AMD Am2900

Am2900 is a family of integrated circuits (ICs) created in 1975 by Advanced Micro Devices (AMD).

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Amiga

The Amiga is a family of personal computers introduced by Commodore in 1985.

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Ampersand

The ampersand is the logogram &, representing the conjunction "and".

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Amsterdam Compiler Kit

The Amsterdam Compiler Kit (ACK) is a retargetable compiler suite and toolchain written by Andrew Tanenbaum and Ceriel Jacobs, and was MINIX's native toolchain until the MINIX userland was largely replaced by that of NetBSD (MINIX 3.2.0) and clang was adopted as the system compiler.

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Ancient UNIX

Ancient UNIX is a term coined by Santa Cruz Operation, to describe early releases of the Unix code base released prior to Unix System III, particularly the Research Unix releases prior to and including Version 7 (the base for UNIX/32V as well as later developments of AT&T Unix).

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ANDOS

ANDOS is a Russian operating system for Electronika BK-0010, Electronika BK-0011 and Electronika BK-0011M series computers.

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Angstrem (company)

Angstrem Group (ОАО «Ангстрем», named after angstrom) is a group of Russian companies.

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Apple Worm

The Apple Worm is a computer program written for the Apple computer, and especially for the 6502 microprocessor, which performs dynamic self-relocation.

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Applicon

Applicon, Incorporated was one of the first manufacturers of Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems.

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Asymmetric multiprocessing

In an asymmetric multiprocessing system (AMP), not all CPUs are treated equally; for example, a system might allow (either at the hardware or operating system level) only one CPU to execute operating system code or might allow only one CPU to perform I/O operations.

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Atex (software)

Atex is a company specializing in the development of advertising, editorial and web content management systems.

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B (programming language)

B is a programming language developed at Bell Labs circa 1969.

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Bare machine

In computer science, bare machine (or bare metal) refers to a computer executing instructions directly on logic hardware without an intervening operating system.

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BASIC-11

BASIC-11 was a dialect of the basic language for PDP-11 operating systems such as RSX-11, RT-11, TSX and TSX-Plus.

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BASIC-PLUS

BASIC-PLUS was an extended dialect of the BASIC programming language developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) for use on its RSTS/E time-sharing operating system for the PDP-11 series of 16-bit minicomputers in the early 1970s through the 1980s.

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Battlestar

Battlestar and similar may refer to.

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BBC BASIC

BBC BASIC is a programming language, developed in 1981 as a native programming language for the MOS Technology 6502 based Acorn BBC Micro home/personal computer.

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BCPL

BCPL ("Basic Combined Programming Language"; or 'Before C Programming Language' (a common humorous backronym)) is a procedural, imperative, and structured computer programming language.

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Bell Labs Digital Synthesizer

The Bell Labs Digital Synthesizer, better known as the Alles Machine or Alice, was an experimental additive synthesizer designed by Hal Alles at Bell Labs during the 1970s.

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Belle (chess machine)

Belle was a chess computer developed by Joe Condon (hardware) and Ken Thompson (software) at Bell Labs.

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Berkeley Software Distribution

Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) was a Unix operating system derivative developed and distributed by the Computer Systems Research Group (CSRG) of the University of California, Berkeley, from 1977 to 1995.

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Binary prefix

A binary prefix is a unit prefix for multiples of units in data processing, data transmission, and digital information, notably the bit and the byte, to indicate multiplication by a power of 2.

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BLISS

BLISS is a system programming language developed at Carnegie Mellon University by W. A. Wulf, D. B. Russell, and A. N. Habermann around 1970.

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Booting

In computing, booting is starting up a computer or computer appliance until it can be used.

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Bowers & Wilkins

Bowers & Wilkins, or B&W, is a British company that produces audio equipment, most notably loudspeakers.

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Bradwell nuclear power station

Bradwell nuclear power station is a partially decommissioned Magnox power station located on the Dengie peninsula at the mouth of the River Blackwater, Essex.

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Brian Reynolds (game designer)

Brian Reynolds (born 1967) is an American videogame designer who now designs online social games (e.g. on Facebook).

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Bruce Artwick

Bruce Artwick is the creator of the first consumer flight simulator software.

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BSD Daemon

The BSD Daemon, nicknamed Beastie, is the generic mascot of BSD operating systems.

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Burroughs large systems

In the 1970s, Burroughs Corporation was organized into three divisions with very different product line architectures for high-end, mid-range, and entry-level business computer systems.

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Bus (computing)

In computer architecture, a bus (a contraction of the Latin omnibus) is a communication system that transfers data between components inside a computer, or between computers.

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Business Operating System (software)

The Business Operating System, or BOS, was initially developed as an early cross-platform operating system, originally produced for Intel 8080 and Motorola 6800 computers, then redeveloped for actual businesses and business models.

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BVS

BVS may stand for.

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C (programming language)

C (as in the letter ''c'') is a general-purpose, imperative computer programming language, supporting structured programming, lexical variable scope and recursion, while a static type system prevents many unintended operations.

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C.mmp

The C.mmp was an early MIMD multiprocessor system developed at Carnegie Mellon University by William Wulf (1971).

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Central processing unit

A central processing unit (CPU) is the electronic circuitry within a computer that carries out the instructions of a computer program by performing the basic arithmetic, logical, control and input/output (I/O) operations specified by the instructions.

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Chaosnet

Chaosnet was first developed by Thomas Knight and Jack Holloway at MIT's AI Lab in 1975 and thereafter.

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Charon (software)

Charon is the brand name of a group of software products able to emulate several CPU architectures.

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Chiptune

Chiptune, also known as chip music or 8-bit music, is synthesized electronic music which is made for programmable sound generator (PSG) sound chips used in vintage computers, consoles, and arcade machines.

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Classes of computers

Computers can be classified, or typed, in many ways.

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CMX 600

The CMX 600 was the very first non-linear video editing system.

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CMX Systems

CMX Editing Systems (also known as CMX Systems) was a company founded jointly by CBS and Memorex; with help from many individuals such as Ronald Lee Martin, who later became a head of Universal Studios; that developed some of the very first computerized systems for linear and non-linear editing of videotape for post production.

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Coherent (operating system)

Coherent is a clone of the Unix operating system for IBM PC compatibles and other microcomputers, developed and sold by the now-defunct Mark Williams Company (MWC).

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COM file

A COM file is a type of simple executable file.

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Comparison of assemblers

This is a list of assemblers: computer programs that translate assembly language source code into binary programs.

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Comparison of instruction set architectures

Computer architectures are often described as n-bit architectures.

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Comparison of platform virtualization software

Platform virtualization software, specifically emulators and hypervisors, are software packages that emulate the whole physical computer machine, often providing multiple virtual machines on one physical platform.

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Comparison of real-time operating systems

This is a list of real-time operating systems.

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Complex instruction set computer

A complex instruction set computer (CISC) is a computer in which single instructions can execute several low-level operations (such as a load from memory, an arithmetic operation, and a memory store) or are capable of multi-step operations or addressing modes within single instructions.

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CompuServe

CompuServe (CompuServe Information Service, also known by its initialism CIS) was the first major commercial online service provider in the United States.

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Computer

A computer is a device that can be instructed to carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations automatically via computer programming.

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Computer Consoles Inc.

Computer Consoles Inc. or CCI was a telephony and computer company located in Rochester, New York, United States, which did business first as a private, and then ultimately a public company from 1968 to 1990.

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Computer Science House

Computer Science House (CSH) is a special interest house at the Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) founded in 1976.

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Computer Space

Computer Space is a space combat arcade game developed in 1971 as one of the last games created in the early history of video games.

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Concurrent Euclid

Concurrent Euclid (ConEuc) is a concurrent descendant of the Euclid programming language designed by James Cordy and Ric Holt, then at the University of Toronto, in 1980.

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Control store

A control store is the part of a CPU's control unit that stores the CPU's microprogram.

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Coral 66

CORAL (Computer On-line Real-time Applications Language) is a programming language originally developed in 1964 at the Royal Radar Establishment (RRE), Malvern, UK, as a subset of JOVIAL.

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Coroutine

Coroutines are computer-program components that generalize subroutines for non-preemptive multitasking, by allowing multiple entry points for suspending and resuming execution at certain locations.

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CorVision

CorVision is a fourth generation programming tool (4GL) currently owned by Attunity, Inc. CorVision was developed by Cortex Corporation for the VAX/VMS ISAM environment.

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CP/M

CP/M, originally standing for Control Program/Monitor and later Control Program for Microcomputers, is a mass-market operating system created for Intel 8080/85-based microcomputers by Gary Kildall of Digital Research, Inc.

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CR-5000

CR-5000 is Zuken's design suite for electronics systems and printed circuit boards aimed at the enterprise market.

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Cscope

cscope is a programming tool which works in console mode, text-based interface, that allows computer programmers or software developers to search source code of the programming language C, with some support for C++ and Java.

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CSI-DOS

CSI-DOS is an operating system, created in Samara, for the Soviet Elektronika BK-0011M and Elektronika BK-0011 microcomputers.

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Data General

Data General was one of the first minicomputer firms from the late 1960s.

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Data General AOS

AOS was the name of a family of operating systems for Data General 16-bit Eclipse C, M, and S minicomputers, followed by AOS/VS and AOS/RT32 (1980) and later AOS/VS II (1988) for the 32-bit Eclipse MV line.

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Data General Eclipse

The Data General Eclipse line of computers by Data General were 16-bit minicomputers released in early 1974 and sold until 1988.

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Data General Nova

The Data General Nova is a series of 16-bit minicomputers released by the American company Data General.

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Datacube Inc.

Datacube Inc. (1978–2005) was an image processing company that developed real-time hardware and software products for the industrial, medical, military and scientific markets.

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Datamax UV-1

The Datamax UV-1 was a pioneering computer designed by a group of computer graphics artists working at the University of Illinois at Chicago, known as the Circle Graphics Habitat.

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Dataram

Dataram Memory (formerly Dataram Corporation), founded in 1967, is a manufacturer of computer memory and software products.

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DATATRIEVE

DATATRIEVE is a database query and report writer tool from Hewlett-Packard.

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Dave Cutler

David Neil "Dave" Cutler Sr. (born March 13, 1942) is an American software engineer, a designer, and a developer of several operating systems in the computer industry.

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Dc (computer program)

dc (desk calculator) is a cross-platform reverse-polish calculator which supports arbitrary-precision arithmetic.

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DEC BATCH-11/DOS-11

BATCH-11/DOS-11, also known simply as DOS-11, is a discontinued operating system by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) of Maynard, Massachusetts.

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DEC GT40

DEC GT40 is an VT11 vector graphic terminal produced by the Digital Equipment Corporation, first introduced in October, 1972 (selling for “under $11,000”).

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DEC J-11

The J-11 is a microprocessor chip set that implements the PDP-11 instruction set architecture (ISA) jointly developed by Digital Equipment Corporation and Harris Semiconductor.

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DEC Professional

DEC Professional could refer to.

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DEC Professional (computer)

The Professional 325 (PRO-325) and Professional 350 (PRO-350) were PDP-11 compatible microcomputers introduced in 1982 by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) as high-end competitors to the IBM PC.

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DEC Radix-50

RADIX-50, commonly called Rad-50, RAD50 or DEC Squoze, is an uppercase only character encoding created by Digital Equipment Corporation for use on their DECsystem, PDP, and VAX computers.

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DEC T-11

The T-11, also known as DC310, is a microprocessor that implements the PDP-11 instruction set architecture (ISA) developed by Digital Equipment Corporation.

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DECmate

DECmate was the name of a series of PDP-8-compatible computers produced by the Digital Equipment Corporation in the late 1970s and early 1980s.

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DECnet

DECnet is a suite of network protocols created by Digital Equipment Corporation.

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DECserver

In computer networking, DECserver initially referred to a highly successful family of asynchronous console server / terminal server / print server products introduced by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) and later referred to a class of UNIX-variant application and file server products based upon the MIPS processor.

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DECSYSTEM-20

The DECSYSTEM-20 was a 36-bit Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-10 mainframe computer running the TOPS-20 operating system (products introduced in 1977).

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DECtape

DECtape (originally called Microtape) is a magnetic tape data storage medium used with many Digital Equipment Corporation computers, including the PDP-6, PDP-8, LINC-8, PDP-9, PDP-10, PDP-11, PDP-12, and the PDP-15.

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Delimiterless input

Delimiterless input is a special feature of some minicomputers and all microcomputers in which the computer can recognize and act upon a single character or keypress without requiring use of a "transmit" or "send" key.

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DEMOS

DEMOS (Dialogovaya Edinaya Mobilnaya Operatsionnaya Sistema: lit) was a Unix-like operating system developed in the Soviet Union.

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DIBOL

DIBOL or Digital's Business Oriented Language is a general-purpose, procedural, imperative programming language, designed for use in Management Information Systems (MIS) software development.

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Diff

In computing, the diff utility is a data comparison tool that calculates and displays the differences between two files.

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Digital audio workstation

A digital audio workstation (DAW) is an electronic device or application software used for recording, editing and producing audio files.

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Digital Equipment Corporation

Digital Equipment Corporation, also known as DEC and using the trademark Digital, was a major American company in the computer industry from the 1950s to the 1990s.

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Digital Linear Tape

Digital Linear Tape (DLT; previously called CompacTape) is a magnetic tape data storage technology developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) from 1984 onwards.

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Diode matrix

A diode matrix is a two-dimensional grid of wires: each "intersection" wherein one row crosses over another has either a diode connecting them, or the wires are isolated from each other.

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Disk operating system

A disk operating system (abbreviated DOS) is a computer operating system that can use a disk storage device, such as a floppy disk, hard disk drive, or optical disc.

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Distributed control system

A distributed control system (DCS) is a computerised control system for a process or plant usually with a large number of control loops, in which autonomous controllers are distributed throughout the system, but there is central operator supervisory control.

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Donald B. Gillies

Donald Bruce Gillies (October 15, 1928 – July 17, 1975) was a Canadian mathematician and computer scientist, known for his work in game theory, computer design, and minicomputer programming environments.

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DOS

DOS is a family of disk operating systems.

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Drum memory

Drum memory was a magnetic data storage device invented by Gustav Tauschek in 1932 in Austria.

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DVK

DVK (ДВК, Диалоговый вычислительный комплекс, Dialogue Computing Complex) is a Soviet PDP-11-compatible personal computer.

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EADAS

EADAS is an acronym for Engineering and Administrative Data Acquisition System created at Bell Laboratories in Columbus, Ohio and used in the Bell System during the 1970s.

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Early history of video games

The history of video games spans a period of time between the invention of the first electronic games and today, covering a long period of invention and changes.

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EBCDIC

Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDIC) is an eight-bit character encoding used mainly on IBM mainframe and IBM midrange computer operating systems.

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ECL programming language

The ECL programming language and system were an extensible high-level programming language and development environment developed at Harvard University in the 1970s.

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EDT (Digital)

EDT is a character-based text editor from Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) running on PDP-11 (RSTS/E and RT-11), and later for its VAX/VMS computer systems.

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Electronic Visualization Laboratory

The Electronic Visualization Laboratory (EVL) is a cross-disciplinary research lab at the University of Illinois at Chicago.

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Electronika

Electronika, also spelt Electronica, (Электроника) is the brand name used for many different electronic products built by factories belonging to the Soviet Ministry of Electronic Industry, including calculators, electronic watches, portable games, and radios.

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Electronika BK

The Electronika BK is a series of 16-bit PDP-11-compatible Soviet home computers developed under the Electronika brand by NPO Scientific Center, the leading Soviet microcomputer design team at the time.

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Elektronika B3-34

Elektronika B3-34 (Cyrillic: Электроника Б3-34) was a Soviet programmable calculator.

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Elxsi

Elxsi (now Tata Elxsi) was a minicomputer manufacturing company established in the late 1970s along with a host of other competitors (Trilogy Systems, Sequent, Convex Computer) in Silicon Valley, USA.

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Empire (1972 video game)

Empire is a 4X wargame created in 1972 by Peter Langston, taking its name from a Reed College board game of the same name.

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Enchanter (video game)

Enchanter is a 1983 interactive fiction computer game written by Marc Blank and Dave Lebling and published by Infocom.

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Endianness

Endianness refers to the sequential order in which bytes are arranged into larger numerical values when stored in memory or when transmitted over digital links.

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Ethernet

Ethernet is a family of computer networking technologies commonly used in local area networks (LAN), metropolitan area networks (MAN) and wide area networks (WAN).

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Filename

A filename (also written as two words, file name) is a name used to uniquely identify a computer file stored in a file system.

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Files-11

Files-11, also known as on-disk structure, is the file system used by Digital Equipment Corporation OpenVMS operating system, and also (in a simpler form) by the older RSX-11.

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Filetab

Filetab is a decision table-based computer programming language widely used in business in the 1960s and 1970s.

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Ford EEC

The Ford EEC or Electronic Engine Control is a series of ECU (or Engine Control Unit) that was designed and built by Ford Motor Company.

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FOSDIC

FOSDIC (Film Optical Sensing Device for Input to Computers) is a family of optical scanners for converting data on microfilm to computer-readable magnetic tape.

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FPS AP-120B

The FPS AP-120B was a 38-bit, pipeline-oriented array processor manufactured by Floating Point Systems.

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Freeport, New York

Freeport (officially The Incorporated Village of Freeport) is a village in the town of Hempstead, Nassau County, New York, US, on the South Shore of Long Island.

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Front panel

A front panel was used on early electronic computers to display and allow the alteration of the state of the machine's internal registers and memory.

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Fully qualified name

In computer programming, a fully qualified name is an unambiguous name that specifies which object, function, or variable a call refers to without regard to the context of the call.

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Fuzzball router

Fuzzball routers were the first modern routers on the Internet.

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Galaxy Game

Galaxy Game is a space combat arcade game developed in 1971 during the early era of video games.

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General Instrument CP1600

The CP1600 is a 16-bit microprocessor created in a partnership between General Instrument and Honeywell in the 1970s.

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Geoffrey Sauer

Geoffrey Sauer (born 1968 in Bloomington, Indiana) is an American new media theorist who researches technologies including open source software and collaborative multimedia development in the context of the history of publishing.

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Giuseppe di Giugno

Giuseppe Di Giugno (born 1937 in Benghazi) is an Italian physicist.

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GNU Assembler

The GNU Assembler, commonly known as gas or simply as, its executable name, is the assembler used by the GNU Project.

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GNU Compiler Collection

The GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) is a compiler system produced by the GNU Project supporting various programming languages.

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Gold key (DEC)

The Gold key is a computer keyboard key used as a prefix to invoke a variety of single-key editing and formatting functions.

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Goodyear MPP

The Goodyear Massively Parallel Processor (MPP) was a massively parallel processing supercomputer built by Goodyear Aerospace for the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.

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Gordon Bell

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GRASS (programming language)

GRASS (GRAphics Symbiosis System) is a programming language created to script 2D vector graphics animations.

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Guard (information security)

In information security, a guard is a device or system for allowing computers on otherwise separate networks to communicate, subject to configured constraints.

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Harikesa Swami

Harikesa Swami, also known as Vishnupad (born Robert Campagnola), was one of the leading disciples of A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada and a guru within the International Society of Krishna Consciousness (commonly known as 'the Hare Krishnas' or ISKCON).

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Harry R. Lewis

Lewis has been honored for his "particularly distinguished contributions to undergraduate teaching"; his students have included future entrepreneurs Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg, and numerous future faculty members at Harvard and other schools.

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Hashtag

A hashtag is a type of metadata tag used on social networks such as Twitter and other microblogging services, allowing users to apply dynamic, user-generated tagging which makes it possible for others to easily find messages with a specific theme or content; it allows easy, informal markup of folk taxonomy without need of any formal taxonomy or markup language.

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Heathkit

Heathkit is the brand name of kits and other electronic products produced and marketed by the Heath Company.

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Heathkit H11

The Heathkit H11 Computer was an early kit-format personal computer introduced in 1978.

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History of computed tomography

The history of X-ray computed tomography goes back to at least 1917 with the mathematical theory of the Radon transform In October 1963, Oldendorf received a U.S. patent for a "radiant energy apparatus for investigating selected areas of interior objects obscured by dense material".

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History of computer clusters

The history of computer clusters is best captured by a footnote in Greg Pfister's In Search of Clusters: “Virtually every press release from DEC mentioning clusters says ‘DEC, who invented clusters...’. IBM did not invent them either.

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History of computer hardware in Soviet Bloc countries

The history of computing hardware in the Soviet Bloc is somewhat different from that of the Western world.

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History of computer hardware in Yugoslavia

The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) was a socialist country that existed in the second half of the 20th century.

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History of computing hardware (1960s–present)

The history of computing hardware starting at 1960 is marked by the conversion from vacuum tube to solid-state devices such as the transistor and later the integrated circuit.

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History of Digital Equipment Corporation

Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), was a major American company in the computer industry.

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History of free and open-source software

In the 1950s and 1960s, computer operating software and compilers were delivered as a part of hardware purchases without separate fees.

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History of general-purpose CPUs

The history of general-purpose CPUs is a continuation of the earlier history of computing hardware.

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History of operating systems

Computer operating systems (OSes) provide a set of functions needed and used by most application programs on a computer, and the links needed to control and synchronize computer hardware.

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History of the Berkeley Software Distribution

The History of the Berkeley Software Distribution begins in the 1970s.

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History of Unix

The history of Unix dates back to the mid-1960s when the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, AT&T Bell Labs, and General Electric were jointly developing an experimental time sharing operating system called Multics for the GE-645 mainframe.

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Home computer

Home computers were a class of microcomputers entering the market in 1977, and becoming common during the 1980s.

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Honeywell 316

The Honeywell 316 was a popular 16-bit minicomputer built by Honeywell starting in 1969.

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HP 2100

The HP 2100 was a series of minicomputers produced by Hewlett-Packard (HP) from the mid-1960s to early 1990s.

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HP 3000

The HP 3000 series is a family of minicomputers released by Hewlett-Packard in 1972.

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HP BASIC for OpenVMS

HP BASIC for OpenVMS is the latest name for a dialect of the BASIC programming language created by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) and now owned by Hewlett-Packard Enterprise (HPE).

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IBM 1130

The IBM 1130 Computing System, introduced in 1965, was IBM's least expensive computer at that time.

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IBM Series/1

The IBM Series/1 is a 16-bit minicomputer, introduced in 1976, that in many respects competed with other minicomputers of the time, such as the PDP-11 from Digital Equipment Corporation and similar offerings from Data General and HP.

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IBM Systems Network Architecture

Systems Network Architecture (SNA) is IBM's proprietary networking architecture, created in 1974.

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Idris (operating system)

Idris is a discontinued multi-tasking, Unix-like, multi-user, real-time operating system released by Whitesmiths, of Westford, Massachusetts.

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Imlac PDS-1

The IMLAC PDS-1 and PDS-4 were popular graphical display systems in the 1970s.

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IMP (programming language)

IMP is an early systems programming language that was developed by Edgar T. Irons in the late 1960s through early 1970s.

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Increment and decrement operators

Increment and decrement operators are unary operators that add or subtract one from their operand, respectively.

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Industrial espionage

Industrial espionage, economic espionage, corporate spying or corporate espionage is a form of espionage conducted for commercial purposes instead of purely national security.

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Informatics General

Informatics General Corporation, earlier Informatics, Inc., was an American computer software company in existence from 1962 through 1985 and based in Los Angeles, California.

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INP (database)

INP (pronounced "imp") is a database management system including forms processing data entry.

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Inslaw

Inslaw, Inc. is a Washington, D.C. based information technology company that markets case management software for corporate and government users.

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Integrated circuit

An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (also referred to as an IC, a chip, or a microchip) is a set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece (or "chip") of semiconductor material, normally silicon.

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Intel 1103

The 1103 is a dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) integrated circuit (IC) developed and fabricated by Intel.

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Intel 8008

The Intel 8008 ("eight-thousand-eight" or "eighty-oh-eight") is an early byte-oriented microprocessor designed and manufactured by Intel and introduced in April 1972.

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Intel 8086

The 8086 (also called iAPX 86) is a 16-bit microprocessor chip designed by Intel between early 1976 and mid-1978, when it was released.

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Interactive Systems Corporation

Interactive Systems Corporation (styled INTERACTIVE Systems Corporation, abbreviated ISC) was a US-based software company and the first vendor of the Unix operating system outside AT&T, operating from Santa Monica, California.

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Interdata 7/32 and 8/32

The Model 7/32 and Model 8/32 were 32-bit minicomputers introduced by Perkin-Elmer after they acquired Interdata, Inc., in 1973.

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Iskra Delta 800

Iskra Delta 800 was a PDP-11/34-compatible computer developed by Iskra Delta in 1984.

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Jacek Karpiński

Jacek Karpiński (9 April 1927 – 21 February 2010) was a Polish pioneer in computer engineering and computer science.

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Jeffrey Peterson

Jeffrey Peterson (born October 11, 1972 in Santa Barbara, California) is an American technology entrepreneur and California born millionaire who is considered the pioneer of Hispanic internet in the United States.

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Joe Ossanna

Joseph F. Ossanna (December 10, 1928, Detroit, Michigan – November 28, 1977, Morristown, New Jersey) worked as a member of the technical staff at the Bell Telephone Laboratories in Murray Hill, New Jersey.

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Joe Trippi

Joseph Paul Trippi (born June 10, 1956) is a longtime Democratic strategist who has worked on several Gubernatorial, United States Senate and Congressional campaigns, including Jerry Brown for Governor of California and, most recently, Doug Jones for U.S. Senate in Alabama.

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Joel McCormack

Joel McCormack is the designer of the NCR Corporation version of the p-code machine, which is a kind of stack machine popular in the 1970s as the preferred way to implement new computing architectures and languages such as Pascal and BCPL.

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John De Margheriti

John De Margheriti (born July 1962) is an Italian-born Australian electrical engineer, software developer and entrepreneur.

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JOVE

JOVE (Jonathan's Own Version of Emacs) is an open-source, Emacs-like text editor, primarily intended for Unix-like operating systems.

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Jupiter project

The Jupiter project was to be a new high-end model of Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)'s PDP-10 mainframe computers.

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Kalahasti P. Prasad

Kalahasti Parvatheeswara Prasad (15 June 1944 – 5 April 2010) was a researcher and educator in Electrical Engineering in the Andhra Pradesh province of India.

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Ken Thompson

Kenneth Lane "Ken" Thompson (born February 4, 1943), commonly referred to as ken in hacker circles, is an American pioneer of computer science.

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Key derivation function

In cryptography, a key derivation function (KDF) derives one or more secret keys from a secret value such as a master key, a password, or a passphrase using a pseudorandom function.

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Key stretching

In cryptography, key stretching techniques are used to make a possibly weak key, typically a password or passphrase, more secure against a brute-force attack by increasing the time it takes to test each possible key.

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Killer application

In marketing terminology, a killer application (commonly shortened to killer app) is any computer program that is so necessary or desirable that it proves the core value of some larger technology, such as computer hardware, a gaming console, software, a programming language, a software platform, or an operating system.

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Kombinat Mikroelektronik Erfurt

VEB Kombinat Mikroelektronik Erfurt was an important manufacturer of active electronic components in East Germany.

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LaFarr Stuart

LaFarr Stuart (born July 6, 1934 in Clarkston, Utah), now retired, was an early computer music pioneer, computer engineer and member of the Homebrew Computer Club.

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Larry Cuba

Larry Cuba (1950-) is a computer-animation artist who became active in the late 1970s and early 1980s.

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Lions' Commentary on UNIX 6th Edition, with Source Code

Lions' Commentary on UNIX 6th Edition, with Source Code by John Lions (1976) contains source code of the 6th Edition Unix kernel plus a commentary.

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List of BASIC dialects

This is an alphabetical list of BASIC dialectsinterpreted and compiled variants of the BASIC programming language.

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List of BSD operating systems

There are a number of Unix-like operating systems under active development, descended from the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) series of UNIX variants developed (originally by Bill Joy) at the University of California, Berkeley Electrical Engineering and Computer Science department.

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List of computer system emulators

This article lists software and hardware that emulates computing platforms.

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List of computer systems from Slovenia

This is the list of computer systems from Slovenia.

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List of computer systems from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

This is a list of computer systems from SFRY.

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List of disk operating systems

This is a list of disk operating systems in which the acronym DOS is used to form their names.

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List of early microcomputers

This is a list of early microcomputers sold to hobbyists and developers.

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List of file systems

The following lists identify, characterize, and link to more thorough information on computer file systems.

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List of filename extensions (F–L)

This alphabetical list of filename extensions contains standard extensions associated with computer files.

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List of home computers by video hardware

This is a list of home computers, sorted alphanumerically, which lists all relevant details of their video hardware.

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List of instruction sets

A list of computer central processor instruction sets: (By alphabetical order by its manufacturer.).

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List of Internet pioneers

Instead of a single "inventor", the Internet was developed by many people over many years.

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List of operating systems

This is a list of operating systems.

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List of programming languages by type

This is a list of notable programming languages, grouped by type.

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List of Soviet computer systems

This is the list of Soviet computer systems.

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List of text editors

The following is a list of notable text editors.

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Little Implementation Language

LIL, the Little Implementation Language, was a system programming language during the early days of Unix history on PDP-11 machines.

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Living Computers: Museum + Labs

Living Computers: Museum + Labs (LCM+L) is a computer and technology museum located in the SoDo neighborhood of Seattle, Washington.

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LOCUS (operating system)

LOCUS is a discontinued distributed operating system developed at UCLA during the 1980s.

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London Terminal Control Centre

The London Terminal Control Centre (LTCC) was an air traffic control centre based in West Drayton, in the London Borough of Hillingdon, England, approximately north of London Heathrow airport.

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Lunar Lander (video game genre)

Lunar Lander is the name of a genre of video games in which the player controls a spaceship as it falls towards the surface of the Moon or other astronomical bodies, and must maneuver the ship's thrusters so as to land safely before exhausting the available fuel.

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MACRO-11

MACRO-11 is an assembly language with macro facilities for PDP-11 minicomputers from Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC).

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Madden NFL

Madden NFL (originally known as John Madden Football until 1993) is an American football video game series developed by EA Tiburon for EA Sports.

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Magic number (programming)

In computer programming, the term magic number has multiple meanings.

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Massbus

The Massbus is a high-performance computer input/output bus designed in the 1970s by the Digital Equipment Corporation of Maynard, Massachusetts.

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MCP-1600

The MCP-1600 was a multi-chip microprocessor made by Western Digital in the late 1970s through the early 1980s.

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Memory-mapped I/O

Memory-mapped I/O (MMIO) and port-mapped I/O (PMIO) (which is also called isolated I/O) are two complementary methods of performing input/output (I/O) between the central processing unit (CPU) and peripheral devices in a computer.

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Mentec PDP-11

Mentec Limited was founded in 1978 and initially focused on the development of monitoring and control software and systems.

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Merit Network

Merit Network, Inc., is a nonprofit member-governed organization providing high-performance computer networking and related services to educational, government, health care, and nonprofit organizations, primarily in Michigan.

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Microcode

Microcode is a computer hardware technique that imposes an interpreter between the CPU hardware and the programmer-visible instruction set architecture of the computer.

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Microprocessor

A microprocessor is a computer processor that incorporates the functions of a central processing unit on a single integrated circuit (IC), or at most a few integrated circuits.

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Microsoft BASIC

Microsoft BASIC is the foundation product of the Microsoft company.

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MK-DOS

MK-DOS was one of the most widespread operating systems for Elektronika BK personal computers, developed by Mikhail Korolev and Dmitriy Butyrskiy from 1in Like ANDOS, the system provided full compatibility for all models, emulating the BK-0010 environments on the more modern BK-0011 and BK-0011M machines.

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Modified Modular Jack

The Modified Modular Jack (MMJ) is a small form-factor serial port connector developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC).

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Modula

The Modula programming language is a descendant of the Pascal programming language.

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Molecular graphics

Molecular graphics (MG) is the discipline and philosophy of studying molecules and their properties through graphical representation.

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MONECS

MONECS ('''Mon'''ash University Educational Computing System) was a computer operating system with BASIC, COBOL, FORTRAN, Pascal interpreters, plus machine language facility.

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Morgantown Personal Rapid Transit

Morgantown Personal Rapid Transit (WVU PRT) is a personal rapid transit (PRT) system in Morgantown, West Virginia, United States.

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MOSIX

MOSIX is a proprietary distributed operating system.

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Motorola 6800

The 6800 ("sixty-eight hundred") is an 8-bit microprocessor designed and first manufactured by Motorola in 1974.

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Motorola 68000

The Motorola 68000 ("'sixty-eight-thousand'"; also called the m68k or Motorola 68k, "sixty-eight-kay") is a 16/32-bit CISC microprocessor, which implements a 32-bit instruction set, with 32-bit registers and 32-bit internal data bus, but with a 16-bit data ALU and two 16-bit arithmetic ALUs and a 16-bit external data bus, designed and marketed by Motorola Semiconductor Products Sector.

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Motorola 68000 series

The Motorola 68000 series (also termed 680x0, m68000, m68k, or 68k) is a family of 32-bit CISC microprocessors.

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MS-DOS

MS-DOS (acronym for Microsoft Disk Operating System) is an operating system for x86-based personal computers mostly developed by Microsoft.

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MTS system architecture

MTS System Architecture describes the software organization of the Michigan Terminal System, a time-sharing computer operating system in use from 1967 to 1999 on IBM S/360-67, IBM System/370, and compatible computers.

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Multi-Environment Real-Time

Multi-Environment Real-Time (MERT) was a hybrid time-sharing/real-time operating system developed in the 1970s at Bell Labs for use in embedded minicomputers (in particular PDP-11s).

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Multi-user BASIC

Multi-user BASIC was a dialect of the BASIC language for the DEC PDP-11 running the RT-11 operating system.

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Multiplayer video game

A multiplayer video game is a video game in which more than one person can play in the same game environment at the same time, either locally or over the internet.

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MUMPS

MUMPS (Massachusetts General Hospital Utility Multi-Programming System), or M, is a general-purpose computer programming language that provides ACID (Atomic, Consistent, Isolated, and Durable) transaction processing.

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MUSIC-N

MUSIC-N refers to a family of computer music programs and programming languages descended from or influenced by MUSIC, a program written by Max Mathews in 1957 at Bell Labs.

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National CSS

National CSS, Inc.

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National Instruments

National Instruments Corporation, or NI, is an American multinational company with international operation.

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Non-linear editing system

Non-destructive editing is a form of audio, video or image editing where the original content is not modified in the course of editing, instead the edits are specified and modified by specialized software.

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NOP

In computer science, a NOP, no-op, or NOOP (pronounced "no op"; short for no operation) is an assembly language instruction, programming language statement, or computer protocol command that does nothing.

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Nord-100

The Nord-100 was a 16-bit minicomputer series made by Norsk Data, introduced in 1979.

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Null-terminated string

In computer programming, a null-terminated string is a character string stored as an array containing the characters and terminated with a null character ('\0', called NUL in ASCII).

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Octal

The octal numeral system, or oct for short, is the base-8 number system, and uses the digits 0 to 7.

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On-line Debugging Tool

On-line Debugging Tool (ODT) was used to describe several debugger programs developed for Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) hardware.

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Ontario Science Centre

The Ontario Science Centre (Centre des sciences de l'Ontario) is a science museum in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, near the Don Valley Parkway about northeast of downtown on Don Mills Road just south of Eglinton Avenue East in the former city of North York.

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OpenVMS

OpenVMS is a closed-source, proprietary computer operating system for use in general-purpose computing.

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Operating system

An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.

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Operations support system

Operations support systems (OSS), or operational support systems in British usage, are computer systems used by telecommunications service providers to manage their networks (e.g., telephone networks).

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Orthogonal instruction set

In computer engineering, an orthogonal instruction set is an instruction set architecture where all instruction types can use all addressing modes.

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OS/8

OS/8 was the primary operating system used on the Digital Equipment Corporation's PDP-8 minicomputer.

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Pacific Data Images

Pacific Data Images (PDI) was an American computer animation production company that was bought by DreamWorks SKG in 2000.

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Packet switching

Packet switching is a method of grouping data which is transmitted over a digital network into packets which are made of a header and a payload.

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PALASM

PALASM is an early hardware description language, used to translate Boolean functions and state transition tables into a fuse map for use with Programmable Array Logic (PAL) devices introduced by Monolithic Memories, Inc. (MMI).

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Pascal (programming language)

Pascal is an imperative and procedural programming language, which Niklaus Wirth designed in 1968–69 and published in 1970, as a small, efficient language intended to encourage good programming practices using structured programming and data structuring. It is named in honor of the French mathematician, philosopher and physicist Blaise Pascal. Pascal was developed on the pattern of the ALGOL 60 language. Wirth had already developed several improvements to this language as part of the ALGOL X proposals, but these were not accepted and Pascal was developed separately and released in 1970. A derivative known as Object Pascal designed for object-oriented programming was developed in 1985; this was used by Apple Computer and Borland in the late 1980s and later developed into Delphi on the Microsoft Windows platform. Extensions to the Pascal concepts led to the Pascal-like languages Modula-2 and Oberon.

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Pascal MicroEngine

The Pascal MicroEngine was a series of microcomputer products manufactured by Western Digital from 1979 through the mid-1980s, designed specifically to run the UCSD p-System efficiently.

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PC game

PC games, also known as computer games or personal computer games, are video games played on a personal computer rather than a dedicated video game console or arcade machine.

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PDP

PDP may refer to.

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PDP-10

The PDP-10 is a mainframe computer family manufactured by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) from 1966 into the 1980s.

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PDP-11

The PDP-11 is a series of 16-bit minicomputers sold by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) from 1970 into the 1990s, one of a succession of products in the PDP series.

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PDP-11 architecture

The PDP-11 architecture is an instruction set architecture (ISA) developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC).

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PDP-11/44

No description.

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PDP-11/73

The PDP-11/73 (strictly speaking, the MicroPDP-11/73) was the third generation of the PDP-11 series of 16-bit minicomputers produced by Digital Equipment Corporation to use LSI processors.

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Per Brinch Hansen

Per Brinch Hansen (November 13, 1938 – July 31, 2007) was a Danish-American computer scientist known for his work in operating systems, concurrent programming and parallel and distributed computing.

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Peripheral Interchange Program

Peripheral Interchange Program (PIP) was a utility to transfer files on and between devices on Digital Equipment Corporation's computers.

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Pershing II

The Pershing II Weapon System was a solid-fueled two-stage ballistic missile designed and built by Martin Marietta to replace the Pershing 1a Field Artillery Missile System as the United States Army's primary nuclear-capable theater-level weapon.

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Phoenix (computer)

Phoenix (February 1973 – September 30, 1995) was an IBM mainframe computer at Cambridge University's Computer Laboratory.

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Pick operating system

The Pick operating system (often called just "the Pick system" or simply "Pick") is a demand-paged, multiuser, virtual memory, time-sharing computer operating system based around a unique MultiValue database.

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PL-11

PL-11 is a high-level machine-oriented programming language for the PDP-11, developed by R.D. Russell of CERN in 1971.

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Plessey

The Plessey Company plc was a British-based international electronics, defence and telecommunications company.

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Pluribus

The Pluribus multiprocessor was an early multi-processor computer designed by BBN for use as a packet switch in the ARPANET.

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Plus (programming language)

Plus is a "Pascal-like" system implementation language from the University of British Columbia (UBC), Canada, based on the SUE, B. L. Clark and J. J. Horning of the Computer Systems Research Group and Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Proceedings of the SIGPLAN symposium on Languages for system implementation, 1971, pages 79-88 system language developed at the University of Toronto, c. 1971.

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Poplog

Poplog is a reflective, incrementally compiled software development environment for the programming languages POP-11, Common Lisp, Prolog, and Standard ML, originally created in the UK for teaching and research in artificial intelligence at the University of Sussex.

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Portable C Compiler

The Portable C Compiler (also known as pcc or sometimes pccm - portable C compiler machine) is an early compiler for the C programming language written by Stephen C. Johnson of Bell Labs in the mid-1970s, based in part on ideas proposed by Alan Snyder in 1973, and "distributed as the C compiler by Bell Labs...

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Processor register

In computer architecture, a processor register is a quickly accessible location available to a computer's central processing unit (CPU).

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Program animation

Program animation or Stepping refers to the now very common debugging method of executing code one "line" at a time.

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Programmable Array Logic

Programmable Array Logic (PAL) is a family of programmable logic device semiconductors used to implement logic functions in digital circuits introduced by Monolithic Memories, Inc.

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Programmed Data Processor

Programmed Data Processor (PDP), referred to by some customers, media and authors as "Programmable Data Processor, is a term used by the Digital Equipment Corporation from 1957 to 1990 for several lines of minicomputers.

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Pseudoterminal

In some operating systems, including Unix, a pseudoterminal, pseudotty, or PTY is a pair of pseudo-devices, one of which, the slave, emulates a real text terminal device, the other of which, the master, provides the means by which a terminal emulator process controls the slave.

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Punched card input/output

A computer punched card reader or just computer card reader is a computer input device used to read computer programs in either source or executable form and data from punched cards.

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PWB/UNIX

The Programmer's Workbench (PWB/UNIX) is an early, now discontinued, version of the Unix operating system created in the Bell Labs Computer Science Research Group of AT&T.

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Rapira

Rapira (Рапира, rapier) is an educational procedural programming language developed in the Soviet Union and implemented on Agat computer, PDP-11 clones (Electronika, DVK, BK series) and Intel-8080/Z80 clones (Korvet).

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Real-time text

Real-time text (RTT) is text transmitted instantly as it is typed or created.

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Research Unix

Research Unix is a term used to refer to versions of the Unix operating system for DEC PDP-7, PDP-11, VAX and Interdata 7/32 and 8/32 computers, developed in the Bell Labs Computing Science Research Center (frequently referred to as Department 1127).

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Rhode Island Computer Museum

The Rhode Island Computer Museum is a vintage computer museum located in North Kingstown, Rhode Island, United States.

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Richard Merrill

Richard Merrill was a Digital Equipment Corporation employee who invented the FOCAL programming language and programmed the first two interpreters for the language in 1968 and 1969, for the PDP-8.

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RK05

The RK05 DECpack was a moving head magnetic disk drive manufactured by the Digital Equipment Corporation of Maynard, Massachusetts.

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RL02

RL01 and RL02 drives are moving head magnetic disk drives manufactured by Digital Equipment Corporation for the PDP-8 and PDP-11 microcomputers.

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Robert Ledley

Robert Steven Ledley (June 28, 1926 – July 24, 2012), Professor of Physiology and Biophysics and Professor of Radiology at Georgetown University School of Medicine, pioneered the use of electronic digital computers in biology and medicine.

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Rod Holt

Frederick Rodney "Rod" HoltMoritz, Michael, The Little Kingdom, ebook (born 1934) is an American computer engineer and political activist.

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Roff (computer program)

roff was the first Unix text-formatting computer program, the most important application run on the first machine specifically purchased to run UNIX, and a predecessor of the nroff and troff document processing systems.

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Rogue (video game)

Rogue (also known as Rogue: Exploring the Dungeons of Doom) is a dungeon crawling video game by Michael Toy and Glenn Wichman and later contributions by Ken Arnold.

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Roguelike

Roguelike is a subgenre of role-playing video game characterized by a dungeon crawl through procedurally generated levels, turn-based gameplay, tile-based graphics, and permanent death of the player character.

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Rotary system

The rotary machine switching system, or most commonly known as the rotary system, was a type of automatic telephone exchange manufactured and used primarily in Europe from the 1910s.

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Router (computing)

A router is a networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks.

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RSTS/E

RSTS is a multi-user time-sharing operating system, initially developed by Evans, Griffiths, & Hart of Boston, and acquired by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC, now part of Hewlett Packard) for the PDP-11 series of 16-bit minicomputers.

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RSX-11

RSX-11 is a discontinued family of multi-user real-time operating systems for PDP-11 computers created by Digital Equipment Corporation.

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RT-11

RT-11 ("RT" for real-time) is a discontinued small, single-user real-time operating system for the Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-11 family of 16-bit computers.

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Runoff (program)

runoff was the text formatting program on the Multics operating system.

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S-algol

S-algol (St Andrews Algol) is a computer programming language derivative of ALGOL 60 developed at the University of St Andrews in 1979 by Ron Morrison and Tony Davie.

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SCADA

Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) is a control system architecture that uses computers, networked data communications and graphical user interfaces for high-level process supervisory management, but uses other peripheral devices such as programmable logic controllers and discrete PID controllers to interface with the process plant or machinery.

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Signed number representations

In computing, signed number representations are required to encode negative numbers in binary number systems.

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SIMH

SIMH is a highly portable, multi-system emulator which runs on Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD and OpenVMS.

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SM EVM

SM EVM (СМ ЭВМ, abbreviation of Система Малых ЭВМ—literally System of Mini Computers) was the general name for several types of Soviet and Comecon minicomputers produced in the 1970s and 1980s.

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SM-1420

The SM-1420 (CM-1420) was a PDP-11/34+ clone, and the successor to SM-4 in Soviet Bloc countries.

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SM-4

The SM-4 (CM-4) was a PDP-11/40 compatible system, manufactured in the Eastern Bloc in the 1980s.

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Small-C

Small-C is both a subset of the C programming language, suitable for resource-limited microcomputers and embedded systems, and an implementation of that subset.

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Soundstream

Soundstream Inc. was the first audiophile digital audio recording company, providing commercial services for recording and computer-based editing.

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Source Code Control System

Source Code Control System (SCCS) is a version control system designed to track changes in source code and other text files during the development of a piece of software.

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Spl (Unix)

spl (short for set priority level) is the name for a collection of Unix interrupt priority control commands.

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Stack (abstract data type)

In computer science, a stack is an abstract data type that serves as a collection of elements, with two principal operations.

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Stack machine

In computer science, computer engineering and programming language implementations, a stack machine is a type of computer.

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Stack register

A stack register is a computer central processor register whose purpose is to keep track of a call stack.

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Stanford University Network

The Stanford University Network, also known as SUN, SUNet or SU-Net is the campus computer network for Stanford University.

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Steven McGeady

Steven McGeady is a former Intel executive best known as a witness in the Microsoft antitrust trial.

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Stoneblower

A stoneblower is a railway track maintenance machine that automatically lifts and packs the sleepers with small grade ballast, which is blown under the sleepers to level the track.

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Subroutine

In computer programming, a subroutine is a sequence of program instructions that performs a specific task, packaged as a unit.

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Super 8 (2011 film)

Super 8 is a 2011 American science fiction horror film written, co-produced, and directed by J. J. Abrams and produced by Steven Spielberg.

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Switching Control Center System

The Switching Control Center System was an operations support system developed by Bell Laboratories and deployed during the early 1970s.

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Synergy DBL

Synergy DBL (Data Business Language) is a compiled, imperative programming language designed for business use.

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System bus

A system bus is a single computer bus that connects the major components of a computer system, combining the functions of a data bus to carry information, an address bus to determine where it should be sent, and a control bus to determine its operation.

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Talker

A talker is a chat system that people use to talk to each other over the Internet.

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Tech Model Railroad Club

The Tech Model Railroad Club (TMRC) is a student organization at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

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Telengard

Telengard is a 1982 role-playing dungeon crawler video game developed by Daniel Lawrence and published by Avalon Hill.

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Terak 8510/a

The Terak 8510/a of 1976 or 1977 was the first graphics desktop personal computer.

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Terminal server

A terminal server enables organizations to connect devices with an RS-232, RS-422 or RS-485 serial interface to a local area network (LAN).

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Texas Instruments TMS9900

Introduced in June 1976, the TMS9900 was one of the first commercially available, single-chip 16-bit microprocessors.

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The Design of an Optimizing Compiler

The Design of an Optimizing Compiler (Elsevier Science Ltd, 1980), by William Wulf, Richard K. Johnson, Charles B. Weinstock, Steven O. Hobbs, and Charles M. Geschke, was published in 1975 by Elsevier.

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The National Museum of Computing

The National Museum of Computing is a museum in the United Kingdom dedicated to collecting and restoring historic computer systems.

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Therac-25

The Therac-25 was a radiation therapy machine produced by Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL) in 1982 after the Therac-6 and Therac-20 units (the earlier units had been produced in partnership with CGR of France).

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TI MSP430

The MSP430 is a mixed-signal microcontroller family from Texas Instruments.

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Time-sharing system evolution

This article covers the evolution of time-sharing systems, providing links to major early time-sharing operating systems, showing their subsequent evolution.

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Timeline of binary prefixes

This article presents a timeline of binary prefixes used to name memory units, in comparison of decimal and binary prefixes for measurement of information and computer storage.

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Timeline of DOS operating systems

This article presents a timeline of events in the history of x86 DOS operating systems from 1973 to 2016.

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TRIPOS

TRIPOS (TRIvial Portable Operating System) is a computer operating system.

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Troff

troff is the major component of a document processing system developed by AT&T Corporation for the Unix operating system.

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TRW Inc.

TRW Inc. was an American corporation involved in a variety of businesses, mainly aerospace, automotive, and credit reporting.

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TSX-Plus

TSX-Plus is a multi-user operating system for the PDP-11/LSI-11 series of computers.

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TUNIS

TUNIS (Toronto University System) was a Unix-like operating system, developed at the University of Toronto in the early 1980s.

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TUTSIM

TUTSIM was the first commercial simulation software ever to run on an IBM-PC.

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Two's complement

Two's complement is a mathematical operation on binary numbers, best known for its role in computing as a method of signed number representation.

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Type code

A type code is the only mechanism used in the classic Mac OS to denote a file's format, in a manner similar to file extensions in other operating systems.

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UCSD Pascal

UCSD Pascal was a Pascal programming language system that ran on the UCSD p-System, a portable, highly machine-independent operating system.

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UKNC

UKNC (УКНЦ) was a Soviet PDP-11-compatible educational computer, aimed at teaching school informatics courses.

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Ultrix

Ultrix (officially all-caps ULTRIX) is the brand name of Digital Equipment Corporation's (DEC) discontinued native Unix operating systems for the PDP-11, VAX and DECstations.

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Unibus

The Unibus was the earliest of several computer bus and backplane designs used with PDP-11 and early VAX systems manufactured by the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) of Maynard, Massachusetts.

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UniFLEX

UniFLEX is a Unix-like operating system developed by Technical Systems Consultants (TSC) for the Motorola 6809 family which allowed multitasking and multiprocessing.

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University of Computer Studies, Yangon

The University of Computer Studies, Yangon (UCSY) (ရန်ကုန်ကွန်ပျူတာတက္ကသိုလ်), located in the outskirts of Yangon (Hlaw Gar), is the leading IT and computer science university of Myanmar.

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UNIX System III

UNIX System III (or System 3) is a discontinued version of the Unix operating system released by AT&T's Unix Support Group (USG).

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UNIX System V

UNIX System V (pronounced: "System Five") is one of the first commercial versions of the Unix operating system.

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UNIX/32V

UNIX/32V was an early version of the Unix operating system from Bell Laboratories, released in June 1979.

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UNOS (operating system)

UNOS is the first, now discontinued, 32-bit Unix-like real-time operating system (RTOS) with real-time extensions.

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Users' group

A users' group (also user's group or user group) is a type of club focused on the use of a particular technology, usually (but not always) computer-related.

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V-11

The V-11, code-named "Scorpio", is a miniprocessor chip set implementation of the VAX instruction set architecture (ISA) developed and fabricated by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC).

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VAX

VAX is a discontinued instruction set architecture (ISA) developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) in the mid-1970s.

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VAX 8000

The VAX 8000 is a discontinued family of minicomputers developed and manufactured by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) using processors implementing the VAX instruction set architecture (ISA).

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VAX Macro

VAX Macro is the computer assembly language implementing the instruction set for the line of CPUs designed to run the OpenVMS operating system created by Digital Equipment Corporation in 1977.

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VAXBI Bus

The VAXBI bus (VAX Bus Interconnect bus) is a computer bus designed and sold by the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) of Maynard, Massachusetts.

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Vector General

Vector General (VG) was a series of graphics terminals and the name of the Californian company that produced them.

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Vega program

The Vega program (Cyrillic: ВеГа) was a series of Venus missions that also took advantage of the appearance of comet 1P/Halley in 1986.

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Venix

Venix is a discontinued version of the Unix operating system for low-end computers, developed by VenturCom, a "company that specialises in the skinniest implementations of Unix".

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Version 6 Unix

Sixth Edition Unix, also called Version 6 Unix or just V6, was the first version of the Unix operating system to see wide release outside Bell Labs.

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Version 7 Unix

Seventh Edition Unix, also called Version 7 Unix, Version 7 or just V7, was an important early release of the Unix operating system.

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VT100

The VT100 is a video terminal, introduced in August 1978 by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC).

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VT11

VT11 may refer to.

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VT52

The VT50 was a CRT-based computer terminal introduced by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) in July 1974.

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WATFIV

WATFIV, or WATerloo FORTRAN IV, developed at the University of Waterloo, Canada is an implementation of the Fortran computer programming language.

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Waveform graphics

Waveform graphics was a simple vector graphics system introduced by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) on the VT55 and VT105 terminals in the mid-1970s.

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Western Digital

Western Digital Corporation (abbreviated WDC, commonly shortened to Western Digital or WD) is an American computer data storage company and one of the largest computer hard disk drive manufacturers in the world, along with its main competitor Seagate Technology.

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Whitesmiths

Whitesmiths Ltd.

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William Anderson (naval officer)

William Robert Anderson (June 17, 1921 – February 25, 2007) was an officer in the United States Navy, and a U.S. Representative from Tennessee from 1965 to 1973.

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Witkar

The Witkar (Dutch, literally "white car" or "white cart") was one of the first technology-based carsharing projects in the world.

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Word (computer architecture)

In computing, a word is the natural unit of data used by a particular processor design.

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X86

x86 is a family of backward-compatible instruction set architectures based on the Intel 8086 CPU and its Intel 8088 variant.

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Xenix

Xenix is a discontinued version of the Unix operating system for various microcomputer platforms, licensed by Microsoft from AT&T Corporation in the late 1970s.

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Xerox 9700

The Xerox 9700 was a high-end laser printer manufactured by Xerox Corporation beginning in 1977.

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Xinu

Xinu Is Not Unix (Xinu, a recursive acronym), is an operating system for embedded systems, originally developed by Douglas Comer for educational use at Purdue University in the 1980s.

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Xv6

xv6 is a modern reimplementation of Sixth Edition Unix in ANSI C for multiprocessor x86 systems.

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Zero flag

The zero flag is a single bit flag that is a central feature on most conventional CPU architectures (including x86, ARM, PDP-11, 68000, 6502, and numerous others).

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Zork

Zork is one of the earliest interactive fiction computer games, with roots drawn from the original genre game Colossal Cave Adventure.

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11 (number)

11 (eleven) is the natural number following 10 and preceding 12.

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16-bit

16-bit microcomputers are computers in which 16-bit microprocessors were the norm.

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1801 series CPU

The 1801 series CPUs were a family of 16-bit Soviet microprocessors based on the indigenous Elektronika NC microarchitecture cores, but binary compatible with DEC's PDP-11 machines.

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74181

The 74181 is a bit slice arithmetic logic unit (ALU), implemented as a 7400 series TTL integrated circuit.

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Redirects here:

DEC PDP-11, DECSA, DL11, DL11-W, Decsa, KL11, LSI-11, Micro PDP-11, Micro pdp-11, PC11, PDP 11, PDP 11/45, PDP eleven, PDP-11/20, PDP-11/40, PDP-11/45, PDP-11/70, PDP11, PR11, Pdp-11, RX01.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDP-11

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