Communication

1128 relations: A Causal Theory of Knowing, A Course in Miracles, A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte, A Treatise of Human Nature, Aaron Hill (actor), Abney effect, Absolute idealism, Absolute threshold of hearing, Abstraction, Academic skepticism, Acetaldehyde, Acousmatic sound, Action-specific perception, Activation-synthesis hypothesis, Active perception, Active sensory systems, Actual idealism, Adaptive collaborative control, Adaptive representation, Affect (philosophy), Affective disposition theory, Affective sensation, Afterimage, Age-related mobility disability, Agnosia, Agora Center, Aimlessness (Buddhism), Akershus University Hospital, Al Seckel, Alan Poul, Albert Michotte, Alcohol myopia, Alertness, Alex Boyd (photographer), Alfred North Whitehead, Alice in Wonderland syndrome, Allochiria, Alzheimer's disease, Amodal perception, Amorphosynthesis, Amygdalofugal pathway, An Apology for Poetry, Analogy, Anarchism and animal rights, Ancient Egyptian deities, Andrew Lawrence (actor), Anger, Animal consciousness, Animal Diversity Web, Anita Finlay, ..., Anne Treisman, Anomalous experiences, Anorexia nervosa, Anthropology, Anti-realism, Antonio Jose Guzman, AP Psychology, Apophatic theology, Aposematism, Apparitional experience, Apperceptive agnosia, Apprehension (understanding), April Hickox, Aristo of Chios, Aristotle, Artificial consciousness, Artificial intelligence marketing, Artificial intelligence, situated approach, Asperger syndrome, Association of ideas, Associative visual agnosia, Atmospheric optics, Audio therapy, Auditory cortex, Aurora Prize for Awakening Humanity, Autism, Automatic and controlled processes, Autonoetic consciousness, Autonomous sensory meridian response, AXN, Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical, Bachelor of Arts in Applied Psychology, Barbara Shinn-Cunningham, Barry Beyerstein, Basic science (psychology), Bayesian inference in motor learning, Béla Julesz, Beat (acoustics), Beauty, Ben Franklin effect, Benedict Jones, Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome, Bias, Binding problem, Biofeedback, Biological neuron model, BioWeb, Bistability, Black Sun (2005 film), Blindsight, Bob Shaw, Boogiepop Phantom, Book of the Ten Treatises of the Eye, Boredom, Bradford Anderson, Bradyesthesia, Brenda Milner, Bridge locus, Broadbent's filter model of attention, Buddhism and psychology, Buddhist logico-epistemology, Buddhist philosophy, Building Safer Communities. 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Culbert, Siegfried Engelmann, Siglinde Kallnbach, Sigmund Exner, Signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease, Simultanagnosia, Site analysis, Situated, Situated cognition, Situated robotics, Situation awareness, Sleep state misperception, Small Pieces Loosely Joined, Smith & Wesson Model 57, Sniffing (behavior), Soar (cognitive architecture), Social anxiety disorder, Social influence, Social norms approach, Social psychology, Social rejection, Soldier at a Game of Chess, Somatocentrism, Sone, Sonic interaction design, Sorites paradox, Space, Space in landscape design, Spatiotemporal pattern, Special education, Special senses, Specialty (medicine), Specious present, Speech and language impairment, Speech perception, Speech science, Spencer Finch, Speusippus, Spinal nerve, Spring Breakers, Stereo display, Steven Pinker, Stevens's power law, Stimulus (psychology), Stimulus modality, Stimulus–response compatibility, Stoic physics, Storytelling, Strategist, Structural information theory, Stuart Appelle, Stuart Wilde, Subfields of psychology, Subjective constancy, Subjective well-being, Subliminal stimuli, Suffering, Summum, Suppressed correlative, Susan Walters, Susanna Schellenberg, Sustainable fishery, Sweetness, Symbolic behavior, Systems theory, Tabula rasa, Tactile hallucination, Tangible symbol systems, Taste confusion matrix, Tehmina Sunny, Tektology, Telepathy, Texture synthesis, The Adapted Mind, The Astonishing Hypothesis, The Book of Healing, The Human Face, The Journals of Gerontology, The Librarian (franchise), The Librarians (2014 TV series), The Marriage of Sense and Soul, The Missing Shade of Blue, The Philosophy of Freedom, The Roots of Reference, The Scarlet Letter (2004 film), The Sensational Past, The Sense of Beauty, The Skeptic's Dictionary, The Society of the Spectacle, The Transcendentalist, The Visualization Handbook, The Walls Came Tumbling Down, Theaetetus (dialogue), Theoretical linguistics, Theory of indispensable attributes, Theory of knowledge (IB course), Thiamine deficiency, Thomas Reid, Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous, Threshold of pain, Throwing Like a Girl: A Phenomenology of Feminine Body Comportment Motility and Spatiality, Timaeus (dialogue), Time, Time perception, Timeline of artificial intelligence, Timeline of psychology, Todd's paresis, Tom Regan, Tomás Maldonado, Tonic vibration reflex, Top-down and bottom-up design, Touching the Elephant (radio programme), Tractatus de Intellectus Emendatione, Trance, Tranquillity, Transactive memory, Transcendental perspectivism, Transgenerational design, Transparency (data compression), Turiya, Ulric Neisser, Unconscious cognition, Underinsurance (healthcare), Understanding, Unified Theories of Cognition, Universal design, Universal reason, Università dell'Immagine, Unobservable, Unweaving the Rainbow, Up-down cues, Usability engineering, Vaisheshika, Van Hare Effect, Vasubandhu, Vavilovian mimicry, VDA 6.1, Venus effect, Vernon Benjamin Mountcastle, Very Short Introductions, Vienna Test System, Vignette (psychology), Vijñāna, Virgil Nemoianu, Vision science, Visionary, Visual acuity, Visual capture, Visual language, Visual looming syndrome, Visual modularity, Visual neuroscience, Visual perception, Visual search, Visual short-term memory, Visual space, Visual system, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Vito Fazio Allmayer, W. A. H. Rushton, Watercolor illusion, Watson (computer), Weak central coherence theory, Wei Ji Ma, Well-being contributing factors, Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association, Wild Blood (novel), Wilhelm Wundt, Will Holland, William Ennis Thomson, William James, Wine accessory, Wine fault, Wishful thinking, WNK1, Wolfgang Dietrich (political scientist), Wolfgang Prinz, Word learning biases, Work motivation, World Access for the Blind, World line, World view, Xenophobia, Xuanzang, Yolmo language, YUV, Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance, Zeno of Citium, Zeraphine, Zoophilia. Expand index (1078 more) » « Shrink index

A Causal Theory of Knowing

"A Causal Theory of Knowing" is a philosophical essay written by Alvin Goldman in 1967, published in The Journal of Philosophy.

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A Course in Miracles

A Course in Miracles (also referred to as ACIM or the Course) is a 1976 book containing a curriculum which claims to assist its readers in achieving spiritual transformation.

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A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte

A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte (Un dimanche après-midi à l'Île de la Grande Jatte) painted in 1884, is one of Georges Seurat's most famous works.

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A Treatise of Human Nature

A Treatise of Human Nature (1738–40) is a book by Scottish philosopher David Hume, considered by many to be Hume's most important work and one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy.

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Aaron Hill (actor)

Aaron Hill (born April 23, 1983) is an American actor most famous for his portrayal of "Beaver" on the television show Greek.

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Abney effect

The Abney effect describes the perceived hue shift that occurs when white light is added to a monochromatic light source.

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Absolute idealism

Absolute idealism is an ontologically monistic philosophy "chiefly associated with G. W. F. Hegel and Friedrich Schelling, both German idealist philosophers of the 19th century, Josiah Royce, an American philosopher, and others, but, in its essentials, the product of Hegel".

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Absolute threshold of hearing

The absolute threshold of hearing (ATH) is the minimum sound level of a pure tone that an average human ear with normal hearing can hear with no other sound present.

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Abstraction

Abstraction in its main sense is a conceptual process where general rules and concepts are derived from the usage and classification of specific examples, literal ("real" or "concrete") signifiers, first principles, or other methods.

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Academic skepticism

Academic skepticism refers to the skeptical period of ancient Platonism dating from around 266 BC, when Arcesilaus became head of the Platonic Academy, until around 90 BC, when Antiochus of Ascalon rejected skepticism, although individual philosophers, such as Favorinus and his teacher Plutarch continued to defend Academic skepticism after this date.

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Acetaldehyde

Acetaldehyde (systematic name ethanal) is an organic chemical compound with the formula CH3CHO, sometimes abbreviated by chemists as MeCHO (Me.

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Acousmatic sound

Acousmatic sound is sound that is heard without an originating cause being seen.

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Action-specific perception

Action-specific perception, or perception-action, is a psychological theory that people perceive their environment and events within it in terms of their ability to act.

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Activation-synthesis hypothesis

The activation-synthesis hypothesis, proposed by Harvard University psychiatrists John Allan Hobson and Robert McCarley, is a neurobiological theory of dreams first published in the American Journal of Psychiatry in December 1977.

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Active perception

Active Perception is where an agents' behaviors are selected in order to increase the information content derived from the flow of sensor data obtained by those behaviors in the environment in question.

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Active sensory systems

Active sensory systems are sensory receptors that are activated by probing the environment with self-generated energy.

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Actual idealism

Actual idealism was a form of idealism, developed by Giovanni Gentile, that grew into a 'grounded' idealism, contrasting the transcendental idealism of Immanuel Kant, and the absolute idealism of G. W. F. Hegel.

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Adaptive collaborative control

Adaptive collaborative control is the decision-making approach used in hybrid models consisting of finite-state machines with functional models as subcomponents to simulate behavior of systems formed through the partnerships of multiple agents for the execution of tasks and the development of work products.

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Adaptive representation

Adaptive representation is an extension by Francis Heylighen to Kant's theory of knowledge.

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Affect (philosophy)

Affect (from Latin affectus or adfectus) is a concept, used in the philosophy of Baruch Spinoza and elaborated by Henri Bergson, Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, that places emphasis on bodily or embodied experience.

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Affective disposition theory

Affective disposition theory (ADT), in its simplest form, states that media and entertainment users make moral judgments about characters in a narrative which in turn affects their enjoyment of the narrative.

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Affective sensation

Affective sensation is an occurrence of sensation accompanied with a strong compulsion to act on it.

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Afterimage

An afterimage is an image that continues to appear in one's vision after the exposure to the original image has ceased.

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Age-related mobility disability

Age-related mobility disability is a self-reported inability to walk due to impairments, limited mobility, dexterity or stamina.

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Agnosia

Agnosia is the inability to process sensory information.

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Agora Center

The Agora Center is a separate institute at the University of Jyväskylä in Central Finland.

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Aimlessness (Buddhism)

Aimlessness or uncommittedness or wishlessness (Sanskrit apraṇihita अप्रणिहित) is a form of concentration in some schools of Buddhist meditation.

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Akershus University Hospital

The Akershus University Hospital (Akershus universitetssykehus, abbreviated to Ahus) is a Norwegian public university hospital located in the Lørenskog municipality, in the county of Akershus, east of the Norwegian capital Oslo.

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Al Seckel

Alfred Paul "Al" Seckel (September 3, 1958 – 2015) was an author of books on visual and other types of sensory illusions, and how they related to perception.

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Alan Poul

Alan Mark Poul (born May 1, 1954) is an American film and television producer and director.

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Albert Michotte

Albert Edouard, Baron Michotte van den Berck (13 October 1881, Brussels, Belgium – 2 June 1965) was a Belgian experimental psychologist.

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Alcohol myopia

Alcohol myopia is a cognitive-physiological theory on alcohol abuse in which many of alcohol's social and stress-reducing effects, which may underlie its addictive capacity, are explained as a consequence of alcohol's narrowing of perceptual and cognitive functioning.

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Alertness

Alertness is the state of active attention by high sensory awareness such as being watchful and prompt to meet danger or emergency, or being quick to perceive and act.

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Alex Boyd (photographer)

Alexander Boyd FRSA (born 15 July 1984 in Celle, Germany is a Scottish artist and photographer whose work has been exhibited and published internationally.

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Alfred North Whitehead

Alfred North Whitehead (15 February 1861 – 30 December 1947) was an English mathematician and philosopher.

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Alice in Wonderland syndrome

Alice in Wonderland syndrome is a disorienting neuropsychological condition that affects perception.

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Allochiria

Allochiria (from the Greek meaning "other hand") is a neurological disorder in which the patient responds to stimuli presented to one side of their body as if the stimuli had been presented at the opposite side.

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Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD), also referred to simply as Alzheimer's, is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that usually starts slowly and worsens over time.

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Amodal perception

Amodal perception is the perception of the whole of a physical structure when only parts of it affect the sensory receptors.

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Amorphosynthesis

Amorphosynthesis is a medical condition where the patient is unaware of somatic sensations from one side of the body; the left side is most commonly affected.

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Amygdalofugal pathway

The amygdalofugal pathway (Latin for "fleeing from the amygdala" and commonly distinguished as the ventral amygdalofugal pathway) is one of the three major efferent pathways of the amygdala, meaning that it is one of the three principal pathways by which fibers leave the amygdala.

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An Apology for Poetry

An Apology for Poetry (or, The Defence of Poesy) is a work of literary criticism by Elizabethan poet Philip Sidney.

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Analogy

Analogy (from Greek ἀναλογία, analogia, "proportion", from ana- "upon, according to" + logos "ratio") is a cognitive process of transferring information or meaning from a particular subject (the analog, or source) to another (the target), or a linguistic expression corresponding to such a process.

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Anarchism and animal rights

The anarchist philosophical and political movement has some connections to elements of the animal liberation movement.

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Ancient Egyptian deities

Ancient Egyptian deities are the gods and goddesses worshipped in ancient Egypt.

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Andrew Lawrence (actor)

Andrew James Lawrence (born January 12, 1988) is an American actor and singer.

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Anger

Anger or wrath is an intense negative emotion.

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Animal consciousness

Animal consciousness, or animal awareness, is the quality or state of self-awareness within an animal, or of being aware of an external object or something within itself.

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Animal Diversity Web

Animal Diversity Web (ADW) is an online database that collects the natural history, classification, species characteristics, conservation biology, and distribution information on thousands of species of animals.

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Anita Finlay

Anita Finlay is an American film and television actress who played the recurring role of "Dr.

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Anne Treisman

Anne Marie Treisman (née Taylor; 27 February 1935 – 9 February 2018)Dean of the Faculty.

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Anomalous experiences

Anomalous experiences, such as so-called benign hallucinations, may occur in a person in a state of good mental and physical health, even in the apparent absence of a transient trigger factor such as fatigue, intoxication or sensory deprivation.

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Anorexia nervosa

Anorexia nervosa, often referred to simply as anorexia, is an eating disorder characterized by low weight, fear of gaining weight, and a strong desire to be thin, resulting in food restriction.

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Anthropology

Anthropology is the study of humans and human behaviour and societies in the past and present.

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Anti-realism

In analytic philosophy, anti-realism is an epistemological position first articulated by British philosopher Michael Dummett.

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Antonio Jose Guzman

Antonio Jose Guzman is a Dutch Panamanian visual artist, communication designer and lecturer.

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AP Psychology

The Advanced Placement Psychology (AP Psychology, AP Psych, or APPSY) course and corresponding exam are part of College Board's Advanced Placement Program.

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Apophatic theology

Apophatic theology, also known as negative theology, is a form of theological thinking and religious practice which attempts to approach God, the Divine, by negation, to speak only in terms of what may not be said about the perfect goodness that is God.

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Aposematism

Aposematism (from Greek ἀπό apo away, σῆμα sema sign) is a term coined by Edward Bagnall PoultonPoulton, 1890.

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Apparitional experience

In parapsychology, an apparitional experience is an anomalous experience characterized by the apparent perception of either a living being or an inanimate object without there being any material stimulus for such a perception.

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Apperceptive agnosia

Apperceptive agnosia is a failure in recognition that is due to a failure of perception.

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Apprehension (understanding)

In psychology, apprehension (Lat. ad, "to"; prehendere, "to seize") is a term applied to a model of consciousness in which nothing is affirmed or denied of the object in question, but the mind is merely aware of ("seizes") it.

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April Hickox

April Hickox (born 1955) is a Canadian lens-based artist, photographer, teacher and curator whose practice includes various medias, from photography, film, video and installation.

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Aristo of Chios

Aristo of Chios (Ἀρίστων ὁ Χῖος Ariston ho Chios; fl. c. 260 BC) was a Stoic philosopher and colleague of Zeno of Citium.

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Aristotle

Aristotle (Ἀριστοτέλης Aristotélēs,; 384–322 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher and scientist born in the city of Stagira, Chalkidiki, in the north of Classical Greece.

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Artificial consciousness

Artificial consciousness (AC), also known as machine consciousness (MC) or synthetic consciousness, is a field related to artificial intelligence and cognitive robotics.

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Artificial intelligence marketing

Artificial intelligence marketing (AIM) is a form of marketing leveraging artificial intelligence concept and model such as machine learning and Bayesian Network to achieve marketing goals.

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Artificial intelligence, situated approach

In artificial intelligence research, the situated approach builds agents that are designed to behave effectively successfully in their environment.

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Asperger syndrome

Asperger syndrome (AS), also known as Asperger's, is a developmental disorder characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests.

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Association of ideas

Association of ideas, or mental association, is a process by which representations arise in consciousness, and also for a principle put forward by an important historical school of thinkers to account generally for the succession of mental phenomena.

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Associative visual agnosia

Associative visual agnosia is a form of visual agnosia.

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Atmospheric optics

Atmospheric optics deals with how the unique optical properties of Earth's atmosphere cause a wide range of spectacular optical phenomena.

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Audio therapy

Audio therapy is the clinical use of recorded sound, music, or spoken words, or a combination thereof, recorded on a physical medium such as a compact disc (CD), or a digital file, including those formatted as MP3, which patients or participants play on a suitable device, and to which they listen with intent to experience a subsequent beneficial physiological, psychological, or social effect.

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Auditory cortex

The primary auditory cortex is the part of the temporal lobe that processes auditory information in humans and other vertebrates.

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Aurora Prize for Awakening Humanity

Aurora Prize for Awakening Humanity is an annual international humanitarian award, which is initiated to recognize and express gratitude to those courageous individuals or organizations that impact on preserving human life and advancing humanitarian causes.

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Autism

Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by troubles with social interaction and communication and by restricted and repetitive behavior.

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Automatic and controlled processes

Automatic and controlled processes (ACP) are the two categories of cognitive processing.

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Autonoetic consciousness

Autonoetic consciousness is the human ability to mentally place ourselves in the past, in the future, or in counterfactual situations, and to thus be able to examine our own thoughts.

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Autonomous sensory meridian response

Autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR) is an experience characterized by a static-like or tingling sensation on the skin that typically begins on the scalp and moves down the back of the neck and upper spine.

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AXN

AXN (short for Action Extreme Network) is a pay television channel owned by Sony Pictures Television, which was first launched on May 22, 1997.

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Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical

Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical is a 1995 book by Chris Matthew Sciabarra tracing the intellectual roots of 20th-century Russian-American novelist and philosopher Ayn Rand and the philosophy she developed, Objectivism.

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Bachelor of Arts in Applied Psychology

A Bachelor in Applied Psychology is a type of postgraduate academic bachelor's degree awarded by universities in many countries.

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Barbara Shinn-Cunningham

Barbara Shinn-Cunningham (born 1964) is a Professor of Biomedical Engineering at Boston University (BU).

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Barry Beyerstein

Barry L Beyerstein (May 19, 1947 – June 25, 2007) was a scientific skeptic and professor of psychology at Simon Fraser University in Burnaby, British Columbia.

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Basic science (psychology)

Some of the research that is conducted in the field of psychology is more "fundamental" than the research conducted in the applied psychological disciplines, and does not necessarily have a direct application.

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Bayesian inference in motor learning

Bayesian inference is a statistical tool that can be applied to motor learning, specifically to adaptation.

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Béla Julesz

Béla Julesz (also Bela Julesz in English; February 19, 1928 – December 31, 2003) was a Hungarian-born American visual neuroscientist and experimental psychologist in the fields of visual and auditory perception.

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Beat (acoustics)

In acoustics, a beat is an interference pattern between two sounds of slightly different frequencies, perceived as a periodic variation in volume whose rate is the difference of the two frequencies.

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Beauty

Beauty is a characteristic of an animal, idea, object, person or place that provides a perceptual experience of pleasure or satisfaction.

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Ben Franklin effect

The Ben Franklin effect is a proposed psychological phenomenon: a person who has already performed a favor for another is more likely to do another favor for the other than if they had received a favor from that person.

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Benedict Jones

Benedict Jones is a research psychologist and lecturer at the University of Glasgow who studies the biological and social factors underlying face perception and preferences.

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Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome

Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome—often abbreviated to benzo withdrawal—is the cluster of symptoms that emerge when a person who has taken benzodiazepines, either medically or recreationally, and has developed a physical dependence undergoes dosage reduction or discontinuation.

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Bias

Bias is disproportionate weight in favour of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair.

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Binding problem

The binding problem is a term used at the interface between neuroscience, cognitive science and philosophy of mind that has multiple meanings.

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Biofeedback

Biofeedback is the process of gaining greater awareness of many physiological functions primarily using instruments that provide information on the activity of those same systems, with a goal of being able to manipulate them at will.

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Biological neuron model

A biological neuron model, also known as a spiking neuron model, is a mathematical description of the properties of certain cells in the nervous system that generate sharp electrical potentials across their cell membrane, roughly one millisecond in duration, as shown in Fig.

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BioWeb

The BioWeb is the connotation for a network of web-enabled biological devices (e.g. trees, plants, and flowers) which extends an internet of things to the Internet of Living Things of natural sensory devices.

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Bistability

In a dynamical system, bistability means the system has two stable equilibrium states.

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Black Sun (2005 film)

Black Sun is a documentary film directed by Gary Tarn.

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Blindsight

Blindsight is the ability of people who are cortically blind due to lesions in their striate cortex, also known as primary visual cortex or V1, to respond to visual stimuli that they do not consciously see.

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Bob Shaw

Robert "Bob" Shaw (31 December 1931 – 11 February 1996) was a science fiction writer and fan from Northern Ireland, noted for his originality and wit.

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Boogiepop Phantom

is a twelve-episode anime television series produced by Madhouse Studios, based on the Boogiepop light novel series by Kouhei Kadono, particularly that of Boogiepop and Others and Boogiepop At Dawn.

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Book of the Ten Treatises of the Eye

Hunayn ibn Ishaq's Book of the Ten Treatises of the Eye is a 9th-century theory of vision based upon the cosmological natures of pathways from the brain to the object being perceived.

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Boredom

In conventional usage, boredom is an emotional or psychological state experienced when an individual is left without anything in particular to do, is not interested in his or her surroundings, or feels that a day or period is dull or tedious.

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Bradford Anderson

Bradford William Anderson (born September 21, 1979) is an American actor best known for his role as the young hacker criminal Damian Millhouse Spinelli (a.k.a. The Jackal), on the television soap opera General Hospital, a part which he originated in November 2006 and has continued to play until the present, on both General Hospital and the Summer 2007 spin-off General Hospital: Night Shift.

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Bradyesthesia

Bradyesthesia refers to the slowness of perception.

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Brenda Milner

Brenda Milner, (born July 15, 1918) is a British-Canadian neuropsychologist who has contributed extensively to the research literature on various topics in the field of clinical neuropsychology, sometimes referred to as "the founder of neuropsychology".

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Bridge locus

In neuroscience the bridge locus for a particular sensory percept is a hypothetical set of neurons whose activity is the basis of that sensory percept.

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Broadbent's filter model of attention

Broadbent's filter model is an early selection theory of attention.

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Buddhism and psychology

Buddhism includes an analysis of human psychology, emotion, cognition, behavior and motivation along with therapeutic practices.

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Buddhist logico-epistemology

Buddhist logico-epistemology is a term used in Western scholarship for pramāṇa-vada (doctrine of proof) and Hetu-vidya (science of causes).

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Buddhist philosophy

Buddhist philosophy refers to the philosophical investigations and systems of inquiry that developed among various Buddhist schools in India following the death of the Buddha and later spread throughout Asia.

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Building Safer Communities. Risk Governance, Spatial Planning and Responses to Natural Hazards

Building Safer Communities.

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C. D. Broad

Charlie Dunbar Broad (30 December 1887 – 11 March 1971), usually cited as C. D. Broad, was an English epistemologist, historian of philosophy, philosopher of science, moral philosopher, and writer on the philosophical aspects of psychical research.

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Campbell's Soup Cans

Campbell's Soup Cans, which is sometimes referred to as 32 Campbell's Soup Cans, is a work of art produced in 1962 by Andy Warhol.

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Car crash of Marika Gombitová

Marika Gombitová (born September 12, 1956 in Turany nad Ondavou, Czechoslovakia) is a Slovak singer-songwriter who began her career as a female vocalist in the band Modus in the late 1970s.

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Casual dating

Casual dating or a casual relationship is a physical and emotional relationship between two people who may have casual sex or a near-sexual relationship without necessarily demanding or expecting the extra commitments of a more formal romantic relationship.

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Categorical perception

Categorical perception is a phenomenon of perception of distinct categories when there is a gradual change in a variable along a continuum.

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Category (Kant)

In Kant's philosophy, a category (Categorie in the original or Kategorie in modern German) is a pure concept of the understanding (Verstand).

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Caterpillar

Caterpillars are the larval stage of members of the order Lepidoptera (the insect order comprising butterflies and moths).

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Center for Subjectivity Research

The Center for Subjectivity Research (CFS) is an interdisciplinary research center at the University of Copenhagen, directed by Dan Zahavi.

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Central and East European Center for Cognitive Science

The Central and East European Center for Cognitive Science (also as CEEC of Cognitive Science) at the New Bulgarian University undertakes research in fundamental and applied cognitive science.

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Cerebral cortex

The cerebral cortex is the largest region of the cerebrum in the mammalian brain and plays a key role in memory, attention, perception, cognition, awareness, thought, language, and consciousness.

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Cerebral hemisphere

The vertebrate cerebrum (brain) is formed by two cerebral hemispheres that are separated by a groove, the longitudinal fissure.

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CETpD

The Technical Research Centre for Dependency Care and Autonomous Living (CETpD) is an applied research and technology transfer centre created for the Universitat Politèncica de Catalunya and the Fundació Hospital Comarcal Sant Antoni Abat on behalf of the Consorci de Servei a les Persones de Vilanova i la Geltrú, with the aim of covering the demand for research and development in the field of Gerontechnology, Ambient Intelligence, Assistive Robotics and User Experience Technologies.

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Channel expansion theory

Channel expansion theory is a theory of communication media perceptions that incorporates experiential factors to explain and predict user perceptions of the new communication media.

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Chavín culture

The Chavín culture is an extinct, prehistoric civilization, named for Chavín de Huantar, the principal archaeological site at which its artifacts have been found.

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Chess

Chess is a two-player strategy board game played on a chessboard, a checkered gameboard with 64 squares arranged in an 8×8 grid.

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Chewing gum

Chewing gum is a soft, cohesive substance designed to be chewed without being swallowed.

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Child development

Child development entails the biological, psychological and emotional changes that occur in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence, as the individual progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy.

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Chinese Buddhism

Chinese Buddhism or Han Buddhism has shaped Chinese culture in a wide variety of areas including art, politics, literature, philosophy, medicine, and material culture.

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Christian Wolther

Christian Wolther, born in Oslo, 1964, is a Norwegian artist and writer, playwright, director and pedagogue, and earlier in his career also theatre critic and art writer.

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Christine Buci-Glucksmann

Christine Buci-Glucksmann is a French philosopher and Professor Emeritus from University of Paris VIII specializing in the aesthetics of the Baroque, Japan and computer art.

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Christine E. Dickson

Christine E. Dickson is an American cognitive psychologist.

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Christine Kenneally

Christine Kenneally (born in Melbourne, Australia) is an Australian-American journalist who writes on science, language and culture.

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Christopher Alexander

Christopher Wolfgang Alexander (born 4 October 1936 in Vienna, Austria) is a widely influential architect and design theorist, and currently emeritus professor at the University of California, Berkeley.

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Chromesthesia

Chromesthesia or sound-to-color synesthesia is a type of synesthesia in which heard sounds automatically and involuntarily evoke an experience of color.

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Chromostereopsis

Chromostereopsis is a visual illusion whereby the impression of depth is conveyed in two-dimensional color images, usually of red-blue or red-green colors, but can also be perceived with red-grey or blue-grey images.

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Chronic wound

A chronic wound is a wound that does not heal in an orderly set of stages and in a predictable amount of time the way most wounds do; wounds that do not heal within three months are often considered chronic.

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City marketing

City marketing (related to city branding) is the promotion of a city, or a district within it, with the aim of encouraging certain activities to take place there.

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Claustrum

The claustrum is a thin, irregular sheet of neurons that is attached to the underside of the neocortex in the center of the brain.

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Clever Hans

Clever Hans (in German: der Kluge Hans) was an Orlov Trotter horse that was claimed to have been able to perform arithmetic and other intellectual tasks.

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Club drug

Club drugs, also called rave drugs, or party drugs are a loosely defined category of recreational drugs which are associated with discothèques in the 1970s and nightclubs, dance clubs, electronic dance music parties, and raves in the 1980s to the 2010s.

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Cognition

Cognition is "the mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses".

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Cognitive advantages of bilingualism

A bilingual person can traditionally be defined as an individual who uses (understands and produces) two (or more) languages on a regular basis.

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Cognitive biology

Cognitive biology is an emerging science that regards natural cognition as a biological function.

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Cognitive city

Cognitive city is a term which expands the concept of the smart cityPortmann, E., Finger, M.: Smart Cities? – Ein Überblick! Meier, A. & E. Portmann eds.

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Cognitive complexity

Cognitive complexity describes cognition along a simplicity-complexity axis.

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Cognitive disorder

Cognitive disorders (CDs), also known as neurocognitive disorders (NCDs), are a category of mental health disorders that primarily affect cognitive abilities including learning, memory, perception, and problem solving.

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Cognitive Function Scanner

The Cognitive Function Scanner (CFS) originally developed by Peter Laursen, DMedSc, DPsySc, and Thomas Sams, PhD, for the Danish National Institute of Occupational Health in the early 1980s.

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Cognitive neuroscience

The term cognitive neuroscience was coined by George Armitage Miller and Michael Gazzaniga in year 1976.

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Cognitive Neuroscience (journal)

Cognitive Neuroscience is a peer-reviewed academic journal published four times a year by the Taylor & Francis Group.

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Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition

Object recognition is the ability to perceive an object's physical properties (such as shape, colour and texture) and apply semantic attributes to it (such as identifying the object as an apple).

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Cognitive poetics

Cognitive poetics is a school of literary criticism that applies the principles of cognitive science, particularly cognitive psychology, to the interpretation of literary texts.

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Cognitive psychology

Cognitive psychology is the study of mental processes such as "attention, language use, memory, perception, problem solving, creativity, and thinking".

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Cognitive rhetoric

Cognitive rhetoric refers to an approach to rhetoric, composition, and pedagogy as well as a method for language and literary studies drawing from, or contributing to, cognitive science.

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Cognitive science

Cognitive science is the interdisciplinary, scientific study of the mind and its processes.

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Cognitive shifting

Cognitive shifting is the mental process of consciously redirecting one's attention from one fixation to another.

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Cognitive vulnerability

A cognitive vulnerability in cognitive psychology is an erroneous belief, cognitive bias, or pattern of thought that predisposes an individual to psychological problems.

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Coloboma of optic nerve

Coloboma of optic nerve, is a rare defect of the optic nerve that causes moderate to severe visual field defects.

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Color appearance model

A color appearance model (abbreviated CAM) is a mathematical model that seeks to describe the perceptual aspects of human color vision, i.e. viewing conditions under which the appearance of a color does not tally with the corresponding physical measurement of the stimulus source.

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Color phi phenomenon

The color phi phenomenon is a perceptual illusion described by psychologists Paul Kolers and Michael von Grünau in which a disembodied perception of motion is produced by a succession of still images.

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Color psychology

Color psychology is the study of hues as a determinant of human behavior.

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Colourscape

Colourscapes are large air-supported colour sculptures where colour is used to make space active, to make an ambiguous space beyond measurement.

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Common coding theory

Common coding theory is a cognitive psychology theory describing how perceptual representations (e.g. of things we can see and hear) and motor representations (e.g. of hand actions) are linked.

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Common sense

Common sense is sound practical judgment concerning everyday matters, or a basic ability to perceive, understand, and judge that is shared by ("common to") nearly all people.

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Communication

Communication (from Latin commūnicāre, meaning "to share") is the act of conveying intended meanings from one entity or group to another through the use of mutually understood signs and semiotic rules.

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Communicology

Communicology is the scholarly and academic study of how we create and use messages to affect our social environment.

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Comparative cognition

Comparative cognition is the comparative study of the mechanisms and origins of cognition in various species.

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Comparison of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia

Both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are characterized as psychiatric disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fifth edition (DSM-5).

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Comparison of Dewey and Library of Congress subject classification

This is a conversion chart showing how the Dewey Decimal and Library of Congress Classification systems organize resources by concept, in part for the purpose of assigning call numbers.

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Complexity

Complexity characterises the behaviour of a system or model whose components interact in multiple ways and follow local rules, meaning there is no reasonable higher instruction to define the various possible interactions.

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Computational visualistics

The term Computational visualistics is used for addressing the whole range of investigating scientifically pictures "in" the computer.

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Computing with words and perceptions

In computing with words and perceptions (CWP), the objects of computation are words, perceptions, and propositions drawn from a natural language.

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Concentrative movement therapy

Concentrative movement therapy (CMT) is a psychotherapeutic method for group and individual therapy which is based on thought models stemming from psychodynamic psychotherapy and depth psychology.

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Conceptual combination

Conceptual combination is a fundamental cognitive process by which two or more existing basic concepts are mentally synthesized to generate a composite, higher-order concept.

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Conceptual system

A conceptual system is a system that is composed of non-physical objects, i.e. ideas or concepts.

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Configurational analysis

In cultural and social studies, configurations are patterns of behaviour, movement (→movement culture) and thinking, which research observes when analysing different cultures and/ or historical changes.

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Connoisseur

A connoisseur (French traditional (pre-1835) spelling of connaisseur, from Middle-French connoistre, then connaître meaning "to be acquainted with" or "to know somebody/something.") is a person who has a great deal of knowledge about the fine arts, cuisines, or an expert judge in matters of taste.

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Consciousness

Consciousness is the state or quality of awareness, or, of being aware of an external object or something within oneself.

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Consciousness after death

Consciousness after death is a common theme in society and culture in the context of life after death.

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Construal level theory

Construal level theory (CLT) is a theory in social psychology that describes the relation between psychological distance and the extent to which people's thinking (e.g., about objects and events) is abstract or concrete.

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Constructive perception

Constructive perception, is the theory of perception in which the perceiver uses sensory information and other sources of information to construct a cognitive understanding of a stimulus.

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Contingent aftereffect

In human perception, contingent aftereffects are illusory percepts that are apparent on a test stimulus after exposure to an induction stimulus for an extended period.

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Contrast effect

A contrast effect is the enhancement or diminishment, relative to normal, of perception, cognition or related performance as a result of successive (immediately previous) or simultaneous exposure to a stimulus of lesser or greater value in the same dimension.

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Convergence-divergence zone

The theory of convergence-divergence zones was proposed by Antonio Damasio, in 1989, to explain the neural mechanisms of recollection.

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Coordinated management of meaning

In the social sciences, coordinated management of meaning (CMM) provides understanding of how individuals create, coordinate and manage meanings in their process of communication.

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Cordotomy

Cordotomy (or chordotomy) is a surgical procedure that disables selected pain-conducting tracts in the spinal cord, in order to achieve loss of pain and temperature perception.

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Cornelius Castoriadis

Cornelius Castoriadis (Κορνήλιος Καστοριάδης; 11 March 1922 – 26 December 1997) was a Greek-FrenchMemos 2014, p. 18: "he was...

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Cosmic Trigger I: The Final Secret of the Illuminati

Cosmic Trigger I: The Final Secret of The Illuminati is the first book in the Cosmic Trigger series, first published in 1977 and the first of a three-volume autobiographical and philosophical work by Robert Anton Wilson.

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Cotylorhynchus

Cotylorhynchus is an extinct genus of very large synapsids that lived in the southern part of what is now North America during the Early Permian period.

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Couples therapy

Couple's therapy (also couples' counselling or marriage therapy) attempts to improve romantic relationships and resolve interpersonal conflicts.

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Creative visualization

Creative visualization is the cognitive process of purposefully generating visual mental imagery, with eyes open or closed, simulating or recreating visual perception, in order to maintain, inspect, and transform those images, consequently modifying their associated emotions or feelings, with intent to experience a subsequent beneficial physiological, psychological, or social effect, such as expediting the healing of wounds to the body, minimizing physical pain, alleviating psychological pain including anxiety, sadness, and low mood, improving self-esteem or self-confidence, and enhancing the capacity to cope when interacting with others.

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Cretien van Campen

Cretien van Campen (born 24 January 1963) is a Dutch author, editor and scientific researcher in social science and fine arts.

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Crisis intervention

Crisis intervention is an immediate and short-term psychological care aimed at assisting individuals in a crisis situation in order to restore equilibrium to their biopsychosocial functioning and to minimize the potential of long-term psychological trauma.

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Critical anthropomorphism

Critical anthropomorphism (from ethology and comparative psychology) refers to a perspective in the study of animal behavior that encompasses using the sentience of the observer to generate hypotheses in light of scientific knowledge of the species, its perceptual world, and ecological and evolutionary history.

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Critical pedagogy of place

Critical pedagogy of place is a curricular approach to education that combines critical pedagogy and place-based education.

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Critical psychology

Critical psychology is a perspective on psychology that draws extensively on critical theory.

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Critical-Creative Thinking and Behavioral Research Laboratory

Critical-Creative Thinking and Behavioral Research Laboratory (ELYADAL) was founded in March 2002 as a branch in the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences in Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.

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Critique of Judgment

The Critique of Judgment (Kritik der Urteilskraft, KdU), also translated as the Critique of the Power of Judgment, is a 1790 philosophical work by Immanuel Kant.

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Critique of Pure Reason

The Critique of Pure Reason (Kritik der reinen Vernunft, KrV) (1781, Riga; second edition 1787) is a book by Immanuel Kant that has exerted an enduring influence on Western philosophy.

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Critique of the Kantian philosophy

"Critique of the Kantian philosophy" is a criticism Arthur Schopenhauer appended to the first volume of his The World as Will and Representation (1818).

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Crossmodal

Crossmodal perception or cross-modal perception is perception that involves interactions between two or more different sensory modalities.

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Crossmodal attention

Crossmodal attention refers to the distribution of attention to different senses.

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Crowding

Crowding is a perceptual phenomenon where the recognition of objects (or graphemes) presented away from the fovea is impaired by the presence of other neighbouring objects (sometimes called "flankers").

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Cue recruitment

Cue recruitment is a form of associative learning in human perception.

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Cue validity

Cue validity is the conditional probability that an object falls in a particular category given a particular feature or cue.

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Cultural Detective

Cultural Detective is designed to improve conditions and productivity in an international or multicultural environment.

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Cultural hegemony

In Marxist philosophy, cultural hegemony is the domination of a culturally diverse society by the ruling class who manipulate the culture of that society—the beliefs, explanations, perceptions, values, and mores—so that their imposed, ruling-class worldview becomes the accepted cultural norm; the universally valid dominant ideology, which justifies the social, political, and economic status quo as natural and inevitable, perpetual and beneficial for everyone, rather than as artificial social constructs that benefit only the ruling class.

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Cultural history

Cultural history combines the approaches of anthropology and history to look at popular cultural traditions and cultural interpretations of historical experience.

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Cultural psychology

Cultural psychology is the study of how cultures reflect and shape the psychological processes of their members.

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Culture in music cognition

Culture in music cognition refers to the impact that a person's culture has on their music cognition, including their preferences, emotion recognition, and musical memory.

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Dalibor Vesely

Dalibor Vesely (19 June 1934 – 31 March 2015) was a Czech-born architectural historian and theorist who was influential through his teaching and writing in promoting the role of hermeneutics and phenomenology as part of the discourse of architecture and of architectural design.

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Dan Margulis

Dan Margulis (born 21 December 1951) is an expert on color correction and reproduction of photographs, using Adobe Photoshop or similar software.

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Daniel Simons

Daniel James Simons (born 1969) is a prominent experimental psychologist, cognitive scientist, and Professor in the Department of Psychology and the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology at the University of Illinois.

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DARPA LAGR Program

The Learning Applied to Ground Vehicles (LAGR) program, which ran from 2004 until 2008, had the goal of accelerating progress in autonomous, perception-based, off-road navigation in robotic unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs).

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Das Kapital

Das Kapital, also known as Capital.

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David Farkas

David Farkas (born November 28, 1975) is an American actor, musician, and the co-founder of Polo Buddies.

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David H. Sanford

David H. Sanford (born 1937) is a professor of philosophy at Duke University.

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David Petraeus

David Howell Petraeus (born November 7, 1952) is a retired United States Army general and public official.

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Dean-Woodcock Neuropsychological Assessment System

The Dean-Woodcock Neuropsychological Assessment System (DWNAS) provides a standardized procedure for assessing an individual’s sensory, motor, emotional, cognitive, and academic functioning for both English and Spanish speakers, based on the Cattell-Horn-Carroll Model (CHC).

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Decision-making models

All people need to make decisions from time to time.

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Decoding Communication

Decoding Communication is a book on theories and modern practice of communication by N. Chandramouli published by TRA publishing in 2012.

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Defense physiology

Defense physiology is a term used to refer to the symphony of body function (physiology) changes which occur in response to a stress or threat.

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Deficits in attention, motor control and perception

DAMP—deficits in attention, motor control and perception—is a controversial psychiatric concept conceived by Christopher Gillberg.

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Delusion

A delusion is a mistaken belief that is held with strong conviction even in the presence of superior evidence to the contrary.

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Demetri Terzopoulos

Demetri Terzopoulos is a Professor of Computer Science in the Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science at the University of California, Los Angeles, where he directs the UCLA Computer Computer graphics & Computer vision Laboratory.

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Demetrio Stratos

Efstratios Dimitriou (Ευστράτιος Δημητρίου; April 22, 1945 – June 13, 1979), known professionally as Demetrio Stratos, was a Greek-Italian lyricist, multi-instrumentalist, music researcher, and co-founder, frontman, and lead singer of the Italian progressive rock band Area – International POPular Group.

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Demiurge

In the Platonic, Neopythagorean, Middle Platonic, and Neoplatonic schools of philosophy, the demiurge is an artisan-like figure responsible for fashioning and maintaining the physical universe.

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Denis Mandarino

Denis Mandarino (Denis Garcia Mandarino; born May 7, 1964) is a Brazilian composer, artist and writer, and a disciple of Hans-Joachim Koellreutter in choral conducting and aesthetics.

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Depersonalization disorder

Depersonalization disorder (DPD), also known as depersonalization/derealization disorder, is a mental disorder in which the person has persistent or recurrent feelings of depersonalization or derealization.

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Depth perception

Depth perception is the visual ability to perceive the world in three dimensions (3D) and the distance of an object.

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Derealization

Derealization (sometimes abbreviated as DR) is an alteration in the perception or experience of the external world so that it seems unreal.

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Design methods

Design methods is a broad area that focuses on.

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Destruction of ivory

The destruction of ivory is a technique used by governments and conservation groups to deter the poaching of elephants for their tusks and to suppress the illegal ivory trade.

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Diabetes mellitus and deafness

Diabetes mellitus and deafness (DAD) or maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD) or Mitochondrial Diabetes is a subtype of diabetes which is caused from a point mutation at position 3243 in human mitochondrial DNA, which consists of a circular genome.

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Dice & Glory

Dice & Glory is a generic role-playing game system created by Robert A. Neri Jr.

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Dichroic filter

A dichroic filter, thin-film filter, or interference filter is a very accurate color filter used to selectively pass light of a small range of colors while reflecting other colors.

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Différance

Différance is a French term coined by Jacques Derrida.

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Digimarc

Digimarc Corporation, a publicly traded technology company and inventor of several patented innovations, provides enterprise software and services for banking, retail, media, entertainment, publishing and several other industries.

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DIKW pyramid

The DIKW pyramid, also known variously as the DIKW hierarchy, wisdom hierarchy, knowledge hierarchy, information hierarchy, and the data pyramid, refers loosely to a class of models for representing purported structural and/or functional relationships between data, information, knowledge, and wisdom.

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Dilemma

A dilemma (δίλημμα "double proposition") is a problem offering two unrelated possibilities, neither of which is unambiguously acceptable or preferable.

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Dimitri Diatchenko

Dimitri Diatchenko (born April 11, 1968) is an American actor and musician.

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Diplopia

Diplopia, commonly known as double vision, is the simultaneous perception of two images of a single object that may be displaced horizontally, vertically, diagonally (i.e., both vertically and horizontally), or rotationally in relation to each other.

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Direct and indirect realism

The question of direct or naïve realism, as opposed to indirect or representational realism, arises in the philosophy of perception and of mind out of the debate over the nature of conscious experience;Lehar, Steve.

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Direct experience

Direct experience or immediate experience generally denotes experience gained through immediate sense perception.

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Direction of fit

The technical term direction-of-fit is used to describe the distinctions that are offered by two related sets of opposing terms.

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Discernment

Discernment is the ability to obtain sharp perceptions or to judge well (or the activity of so doing).

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Distancing (psychology)

Distancing is a concept arising from the work of developmental psychologists Heinz Werner and Bernard Kaplan.

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Dog intelligence

Dog intelligence or dog cognition is the process in dogs of acquiring, storing in memory, retrieving, combining, comparing, and using in new situations information and conceptual skills.

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Drawing

Drawing is a form of visual art in which a person uses various drawing instruments to mark paper or another two-dimensional medium.

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Dream

A dream is a succession of images, ideas, emotions, and sensations that usually occur involuntarily in the mind during certain stages of sleep.

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Dream interpretation

Dream interpretation is the process of assigning meaning to dreams.

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Drug

A drug is any substance (other than food that provides nutritional support) that, when inhaled, injected, smoked, consumed, absorbed via a patch on the skin, or dissolved under the tongue causes a temporary physiological (and often psychological) change in the body.

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Drug Resistance Strategies Project

The Drug Resistance Strategies Project (DRS), a program funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), teaches adolescents and pre-adolescents how to make decisions and resist alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs (ATOD).

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Dual representation (psychology)

Representational insight is the ability to detect and mentally represent the relation between a symbol and its referent.

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E-textiles

Electronic textiles, also known as smart garments, smart clothing, smart textiles, or smart fabrics, are fabrics that enable digital components such as a battery and a light (including small computers), and electronics to be embedded in them.

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Early Islamic philosophy

Early Islamic philosophy or classical Islamic philosophy is a period of intense philosophical development beginning in the 2nd century AH of the Islamic calendar (early 9th century CE) and lasting until the 6th century AH (late 12th century CE).

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Eastern philosophy

Eastern philosophy or Asian philosophy includes the various philosophies that originated in East and South Asia including Chinese philosophy, Japanese philosophy, Korean philosophy which are dominant in East Asia and Vietnam, and Indian philosophy (including Buddhist philosophy) which are dominant in South Asia, Tibet and Southeast Asia.

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Eating disorders and memory

Many memory impairments exist as a result from or cause of eating disorders.

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Ecological literacy

Ecological literacy (also referred to as ecoliteracy) is the ability to understand the natural systems that make life on earth possible.

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Ecological validity (perception)

The ecological validity of a sensory cue in perception is the correlation between the cue (something an organism might be able to measure from the proximal stimulus) and a property of the world (some aspect of the distal stimulus).

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Edgar S. Brightman

Edgar Sheffield Brightman (September 20, 1884 in Holbrook, Massachusetts – February 25, 1953 in Boston) was a philosopher and Christian theologian in the Methodist tradition, associated with Boston University and liberal theology, and promulgated the philosophy known as Boston personalism.

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Edmund Blair Bolles

Edmund Blair Bolles (born 1942) is an American humanist and author.

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Edmund Parish

Herr Edmund Parish (1861–1916) was a German psychologist and hallucination researcher.

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Education (Chittenden Memorial Window)

Education is a stained-glass window commissioned from Louis Comfort Tiffany's Tiffany Glass Company during the building of Yale University's Chittenden Hall (now Linsly-Chittenden Hall, after being connected to a nearby building), funded by Simeon Baldwin Chittenden.

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Educational psychology

Educational psychology is the branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study of human learning.

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Edward S. Casey

Edward S. Casey (born February 24, 1939 in Topeka, Kansas) is an American philosopher and university professor.

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Edward T. Hall

Edward Twitchell Hall, Jr. (May 16, 1914 – July 20, 2009) was an American anthropologist and cross-cultural researcher.

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Effects of long-term benzodiazepine use

The effects of long-term benzodiazepine use include drug dependence as well as the possibility of adverse effects on cognitive function, physical health, and mental health.

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Ego psychology

Ego psychology is a school of psychoanalysis rooted in Sigmund Freud's structural id-ego-superego model of the mind.

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Ego-state therapy

Ego-state therapy is a psychodynamic approach to treat various behavioural and cognitive problems within a person.

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Egocentric predicament

Egocentric predicament, a term coined by Ralph Barton Perry in an article (Journal of Philosophy 1910), is the problem of not being able to view reality outside of our own perceptions.

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Egosyntonic and egodystonic

In psychoanalysis, egosyntonic refers to the behaviors, values, and feelings that are in harmony with or acceptable to the needs and goals of the ego, or consistent with one's ideal self-image.

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Eija-Liisa Ahtila

Eija-Liisa Ahtila (born 1959 in Hämeenlinna, Finland) is a contemporary visual artist and filmmaker.

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Eikasia

The term eikasía (εἰκασία), meaning imagination in Greek, was used by Plato to refer to a human way of dealing with appearances.

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Eleanor Saffran

Eleanor M. Saffran (May 16, 1938 – November 23, 2002) was a researcher in the field of Cognitive Neuropsychology.

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Embodied bilingual language

Embodied bilingual language, also known as L2 embodiment, is the idea that people mentally simulate their actions, perceptions, and emotions when speaking and understanding a second language (L2) as with their first language (L1).

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Embodied cognition

Embodied cognition is the theory that many features of cognition, whether human or otherwise, are shaped by aspects of the entire body of the organism.

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Emerging technologies

Emerging technologies are technologies that are perceived as capable of changing the status quo.

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Emily Bushnell

Emily W. Bushnell (born 1950) is an emeritus professor of psychology at Tufts University in Medford, Massachusetts, USA.

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Emotion perception

Emotion perception refers to the capacities and abilities of recognizing and identifying emotions in others, in addition to biological and physiological processes involved.

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Empedocles

Empedocles (Ἐμπεδοκλῆς, Empedoklēs) was a Greek pre-Socratic philosopher and a citizen of Akragas, a Greek city in Sicily.

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Empirical theory of perception

An empirical theory of perception is a kind of explanation for how percepts arise.

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Encoding (memory)

Memory has the ability to encode, store and recall information.

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Endocrine system

The endocrine system is a chemical messenger system consisting of hormones, the group of glands of an organism that carry those hormones directly into the circulatory system to be carried towards distant target organs, and the feedback loops of homeostasis that the hormones drive.

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Endocrinology

Endocrinology (from endocrine + -ology) is a branch of biology and medicine dealing with the endocrine system, its diseases, and its specific secretions known as hormones.

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Energy quality

Energy quality is the contrast between different forms of energy, the different trophic levels in ecological systems and the propensity of energy to convert from one form to another.

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Entitativity

Entitativity means the consideration of something as pure entity, i.e., the mental abstraction from attendant circumstances.

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Entoptic phenomenon

Entoptic phenomena (from Greek ἐντός "within" and ὀπτικός "visual") are visual effects whose source is within the eye itself.

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Entropy and life

Research concerning the relationship between the thermodynamic quantity entropy and the evolution of life began around the turn of the 20th century.

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Epidemiology of representations

Epidemiology of representations, or cultural epidemiology, provides a conceptual framework for explaining cultural phenomena by how mental representations get distributed within a population.

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Epistemology

Epistemology is the branch of philosophy concerned with the theory of knowledge.

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Erich Schröger

Erich Schröger (born 11 November 1958 in Munich) is a German psychologist and neuroscientist.

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Ernst Cassirer

Ernst Alfred Cassirer (July 28, 1874 – April 13, 1945) was a German philosopher.

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Errol Harris

Errol Eustace Harris (19 February 1908 – 21 June 2009), sometimes cited as E. E. Harris, was a contemporary South African philosopher.

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Essay

An essay is, generally, a piece of writing that gives the author's own argument — but the definition is vague, overlapping with those of a paper, an article, a pamphlet, and a short story.

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Estonian Red Riflemen

Estonian Riflemen, Estonian Red Riflemen, Estonian Red Army, Estonian Red Guards (Eesti Kütiväed, Eesti Punased Kütid, Eestimaa Punaarmee, Eesti Punakaart) were military formations assembled starting 1917 in the Soviet Russia.

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Ethical non-naturalism

Ethical non-naturalism is the meta-ethical view which claims that.

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Ethnomusicology

Ethnomusicology is the study of music from the cultural and social aspects of the people who make it.

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Ethnotaxonomy

The term ethnotaxonomy refers either to that subdiscipline within ethnology which studies the taxonomic systems defined and used by individual ethnic groups, or to the operative individual taxonomy itself, which is the object of the ethnologist's immediate study.

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Etiquette in Africa

As expectations regarding good manners differ from person to person and vary according to each situation, no treatise on the rules of etiquette nor any list of faux pas can ever be complete.

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Etiquette in Asia

Etiquette in Asia varies as much from country to country as it does in any other part of the world, even though certain actions may seem to be in common.

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European Society for Cognitive Psychology

European Society for Cognitive Psychology The European Society for Cognitive Psychology (ESCoP) is one of the primary societies for scientific psychology in Europe.

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Event sampling methodology

Event sampling methodology (ESM) refers to a diary study.

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Event-related potential

An event-related potential (ERP) is the measured brain response that is the direct result of a specific sensory, cognitive, or motor event.

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Evolutionary educational psychology

Evolutionary educational psychology is the study of the relation between inherent folk knowledge and abilities and accompanying inferential and attributional biases as these influence academic learning in evolutionarily novel cultural contexts, such as schools and the industrial workplace.

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Experience

Experience is the knowledge or mastery of an event or subject gained through involvement in or exposure to it.

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Experience model

An experience model is a description of a typical user’s perception or understanding of how a system works.

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Experimental psychology

Experimental psychology refers to work done by those who apply experimental methods to psychological study and the processes that underlie it.

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Experimental theatre

Experimental theatre (also known as avant-garde theatre) began in Western theatre in the late 19th century with Alfred Jarry and his Ubu plays as a rejection of both the age in particular and, in general, the dominant ways of writing and producing plays.

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Exploratorium

The Exploratorium is a museum in San Francisco that allows visitors to explore the world through science, art, and human perception.

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Exploring Time

Exploring Time is a two-hour TV documentary mini-series about natural time scale changes that aired in 2007 on The Science Channel.

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External image

In psychology, the external image (also alien image, foreign image, public image, third-party image; Fremdbild) is the image other people have of a person, i.e., a person's external image is the way they are viewed by other people.

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Externism

Externism is a fictional philosophical theory proposed by the fictional Czech genius Jára Cimrman.

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Extinction (neurology)

Extinction is a neurological disorder that impairs the ability to perceive multiple stimuli of the same type simultaneously.

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Eye movement in reading

Eye movement in reading involves the visual processing of written text.

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Face inversion effect

The face inversion effect is a phenomenon where identifying inverted (upside-down) faces compared to upright faces is much more difficult than doing the same for non-facial objects.

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Face superiority effect

In psychology, the face superiority effect refers to the phenomena of how all individuals perceive and encode other human faces in memory.

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Facet (psychology)

In psychology, a facet is a specific and unique aspect of a broader personality trait.

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Failure

Failure is the state or condition of not meeting a desirable or intended objective, and may be viewed as the opposite of success.

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False consensus effect

In psychology, the false-consensus effect or false-consensus bias is an attributional type of cognitive bias whereby people tend to overestimate the extent to which their opinions, beliefs, preferences, values, and habits are normal and typical of those of others (i.e., that others also think the same way that they do).

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False flag

A false flag is a covert operation designed to deceive; the deception creates the appearance of a particular party, group, or nation being responsible for some activity, disguising the actual source of responsibility.

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Farley Norman

Farley Norman is a professor of psychological sciences at Western Kentucky University.

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Fatigue

Fatigue is a subjective feeling of tiredness that has a gradual onset.

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Fear

Fear is a feeling induced by perceived danger or threat that occurs in certain types of organisms, which causes a change in metabolic and organ functions and ultimately a change in behavior, such as fleeing, hiding, or freezing from perceived traumatic events.

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Fechner color

The Fechner color effect is an illusion of color seen when looking at certain rapidly changing or moving black-and-white patterns.

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Feeling

Feeling is the nominalization of the verb to feel.

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Felix Ehrenhaft

Felix Ehrenhaft (24 April 1879 – 4 March 1952) was an Austrian physicist who contributed to atomic physics, to the measurement of electrical charges and to the optical properties of metal colloids.

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Fergus I. M. Craik

Fergus Ian Muirden Craik FRS (born 17 April 1935, Edinburgh, Scotland) is a cognitive psychologist known for his research on levels of processing in memory.

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Fiction-writing mode

A fiction-writing mode is a manner of writing with its own set of conventions regarding how, when, and where it should be used.

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Fiona Macpherson

Fiona Macpherson FRSE (born 19 October 1971) is Head of Philosophy and Director of Research in Philosophy in the School of Humanities at the University of Glasgow, where she is also Director of the Centre for the Study of Perceptual Experience.

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Flash suppression

Flash suppression is a phenomenon of visual perception in which an image presented to one eye is suppressed by a flash of another image presented to the other eye.

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Florida Bar v. Went For It, Inc.

Florida Bar v. Went For It, Inc.,, was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court upheld a state's restriction on lawyer advertising under the First Amendment's commercial speech doctrine.

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Focus phrase

"Focus Phrase" is a term traditionally used in cognitive-therapy and awareness-management discussions, and now in more general use to describe elicitor statements that evoke a desired refocusing of attention.

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Food coating

Coating is an industrial process that consists of applying a liquid or a powder onto the surface of a product of any possible shape to convey new (usually sensory) properties.

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Force

In physics, a force is any interaction that, when unopposed, will change the motion of an object.

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Forgiveness

Forgiveness is the intentional and voluntary process by which a victim undergoes a change in feelings and attitude regarding an offense, lets go of negative emotions such as vengefulness, forswears recompense from or punishment of the offender, however legally or morally justified it might be, and with an increased ability to wish the offender well.

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FORR

FORR (FOr the Right Reasons) is a cognitive architecture for learning and problem solving inspired by Herbert A. Simon's ideas of bounded rationality and satisficing.

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Found photography

Found photography is a genre of photography and/or visual art based on the recovery (and possible exhibition) of lost, unclaimed, or discarded photographs.

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Four Upbuilding Discourses, 1843

Four Upbuilding Discourses (1843) is a book by Søren Kierkegaard.

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Framing (social sciences)

In the social sciences, framing comprises a set of concepts and theoretical perspectives on how individuals, groups, and societies, organize, perceive, and communicate about reality.

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Frank Popper

Frank Popper (born April 17, 1918) is a historian of art and technology and Professor Emeritus of Aesthetics and the Science of Art at the University of Paris VIII.

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Fred Sandback

Fred Sandback (August 29, 1943 – June 23, 2003) was a minimalist conceptual-based sculptor known for his yarn sculptures, drawings, and prints.

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Fred W. Mast

Fred W. Mast is a full professor of Psychology at the University of Bern in Switzerland, specialized in mental imagery, sensorimotor processing, and visual perception.

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French and Raven's bases of power

In a notable study of power conducted by social psychologists John R. P. French and Bertram Raven in 1959, power is divided into five separate and distinct forms.

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Friedrich Eduard Beneke

Friedrich Eduard Beneke (17 February 1798 – c. 1 March 1854) was a German psychologist and post-Kantian philosopher.

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Fritz Heider

Fritz Heider (February 19, 1896 – January 2, 1988) was an Austrian psychologist whose work was related to the Gestalt school.

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Fritz Perls

Friedrich (Frederick) Salomon Perls (July 8, 1893 – March 14, 1970), better known as Fritz Perls, was a noted German-born psychiatrist and psychotherapist.

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Frontotemporal dementia

The frontotemporal dementias (FTD) encompass six types of dementia involving the frontal or temporal lobes.

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Fundamental assessment

Functional assessment is an ongoing process collecting information to understand the reason under a problem or target behavior.

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Future Shock

Future Shock is a 1970 book by the futurists Alvin and Heidi Toffler, in which the authors define the term "future shock" as a certain psychological state of individuals and entire societies.

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Fuzzy architectural spatial analysis

Fuzzy architectural spatial analysis (FASA) (also fuzzy inference system (FIS) based architectural space analysis or fuzzy spatial analysis) is a spatial analysis method of analysing the spatial formation and architectural space intensity within any architectural organization.

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Gail Vance Civille

Gail Vance Civille (born 1943) is a pioneer in advanced sensory evaluation approaches for industry, academia and government.

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Gamma wave

A gamma wave is a pattern of neural oscillation in humans with a frequency between 25 and 100 Hz, though 40 Hz is typical.

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Ganzfeld effect

The ganzfeld effect (from German for "complete field"), or perceptual deprivation, is a phenomenon of perception caused by exposure to an unstructured, uniform stimulation field.

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Gary Beauchamp

Dr.

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Gastrophysics

Gastrophysics (gastronomical physics) is an emerging interdisciplinary science that employs principles from physics and chemistry to attain a fundamental understanding of the worlds of gastronomy and cooking.

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Gate deities of the underworld

The Gate deities of the underworld were ancient Egyptian minor deities charged with guarding the gates of the Egyptian underworld.

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Günter Abel

Günter Abel (born 7 November 1947 in Homberg (Efze), Hesse) is a German philosopher.

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Gender psychology

Gender is generally conceived as a set of characteristics or traits that are associated with a certain biological sex (male or female).

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General formal ontology

The general formal ontology (GFO) is an upper ontology integrating processes and objects.

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Genetic memory (psychology)

In psychology, genetic memory is a memory present at birth that exists in the absence of sensory experience, and is incorporated into the genome over long spans of time.

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Geoffrey Hinton

Geoffrey Everest Hinton One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from the royalsociety.org website where: (born 6 December 1947) is a British cognitive psychologist and computer scientist, most noted for his work on artificial neural networks.

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Geographic mobility

Geographic mobility is the measure of how populations and goods move over time.

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Georg Baselitz

Georg Baselitz (born 23 January 1938, as Hans-Georg Kern, in Deutschbaselitz, Germany) is a German painter, sculptor and graphic artist.

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George Berkeley

George Berkeley (12 March 168514 January 1753) — known as Bishop Berkeley (Bishop of Cloyne) — was an Irish philosopher whose primary achievement was the advancement of a theory he called "immaterialism" (later referred to as "subjective idealism" by others).

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George Foy

George Michelsen Foy (also known as Georges Foy and G.F. Michelsen) is a French-American novelist, essayist, and magazine journalist, and professor of creative writing.

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George Herbert Mead

George Herbert Mead (February 27, 1863 – April 26, 1931) was an American philosopher, sociologist and psychologist, primarily affiliated with the University of Chicago, where he was one of several distinguished pragmatists.

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George M. Stratton

George Malcolm Stratton (September 26, 1865 – October 8, 1957) was a psychologist who pioneered the study of perception in vision by wearing special glasses which inverted images up and down and left and right.

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Georges Seurat

Georges-Pierre Seurat (2 December 1859 – 29 March 1891) was a French post-Impressionist painter and draftsman.

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Geragogy

Geragogy is a theory which argues that older adults are sufficiently different that they warrant a separate educational theory.

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Gestalt psychology

Gestalt psychology or gestaltism (from Gestalt "shape, form") is a philosophy of mind of the Berlin School of experimental psychology.

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Ghost

In folklore, a ghost (sometimes known as an apparition, haunt, phantom, poltergeist, shade, specter or spectre, spirit, spook, and wraith) is the soul or spirit of a dead person or animal that can appear to the living.

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Giallo

Giallo (plural gialli) is a 20th-century Italian thriller or horror genre of literature and film.

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Gilles Deleuze

Gilles Deleuze (18 January 1925 – 4 November 1995) was a French philosopher who, from the early 1960s until his death in 1995, wrote on philosophy, literature, film, and fine art.

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Giovanni Piana

Piana Giovanni (born April 5, 1940) is an Italian philosopher.

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Globalization

Globalization or globalisation is the process of interaction and integration between people, companies, and governments worldwide.

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Glossary of communication disorders

This is a glossary of medical terms related to communications disorders such as blindness and deafness.

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Glossary of education terms (A–C)

This glossary of education-related terms is based on how they commonly are used in Wikipedia articles.

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Glossary of education terms (M–O)

This glossary of education-related terms is based on how they commonly are used in Wikipedia articles.

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Glossary of philosophy

A glossary of terms used in philosophy.

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Glossary of psychiatry

This glossary covers terms found in the psychiatric literature; the word origins are primarily Greek, but there are also Latin, French, German, and English terms.

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Glossary of spirituality terms

This is a glossary of spirituality-related terms.

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Gnosiology

Gnosiology ("study of knowledge"), a term of 18th century aesthetics, is "the philosophy of knowledge and cognition".

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Goal pursuit

Goal pursuit is the process by which one formulates "wishes and desires" and strives toward some outcome where these wishes and desires are achieved.

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GRE Psychology Test

The GRE Psychology subject test is a standardized test used in admission decisions by some graduate programs in psychology in several English-speaking countries, especially in the United States.

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Green

Green is the color between blue and yellow on the visible spectrum.

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Gregory Berns

Gregory S. Berns is an American neuroeconomist, neuroscientist, professor of psychiatry, psychologist and writer.

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Grinberg Method

The Grinberg Method is described as "a structured way of teaching through the body".

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Guided imagery

Guided imagery (also known as Guided Affective Imagery, or KIP, Katathym-imaginative Psychotherapy) is a mind-body intervention by which a trained practitioner or teacher helps a participant or patient to evoke and generate mental images that simulate or re-create the sensory perception of sights, sounds, tastes, smells, movements, and images associated with touch, such as texture, temperature, and pressure, as well as imaginative or mental content that the participant or patient experiences as defying conventional sensory categories, and that may precipitate strong emotions or feelings in the absence of the stimuli to which correlating sensory receptors are receptive.

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Guided meditation

Guided meditation is a process by which one or more participants meditate in response to the guidance provided by a trained practitioner or teacher, either in person or via a written text, sound recording, video, or audiovisual media comprising music or verbal instruction, or a combination of both.

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H. H. Price

Henry Habberley Price (17 May 1899 – 26 November 1984), usually cited as H. H. Price, was a Welsh philosopher, known for his work on perception.

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Hallucination

A hallucination is a perception in the absence of external stimulus that has qualities of real perception.

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Hallucinogen

A hallucinogen is a psychoactive agent which can cause hallucinations, perceptual anomalies, and other substantial subjective changes in thoughts, emotion, and consciousness.

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Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder

Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder (HPPD) is a disorder characterized by a continual presence of sensory disturbances, most commonly visual, that are reminiscent of those generated by the use of hallucinogenic substances.

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Hany Farid

Hany Farid is a professor of computer science at Dartmouth College and former chair of Dartmouth's Neukom Institute for Computational Science.

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Haptic perception

Haptic perception (italics "palpable", haptikόs "suitable for touch") means literally the ability "to grasp something".

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Haskins Laboratories

Haskins Laboratories is an independent 501(c) non-profit corporation, founded in 1935 and located in New Haven, Connecticut, since 1970.

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Héctor-Neri Castañeda

Héctor-Neri Castañeda (December 13, 1924 – September 7, 1991) was a Guatemalan philosopher and founder of the journal Noûs.

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Henri Bergson

Henri-Louis Bergson (18 October 1859 – 4 January 1941) was a French-Jewish philosopher who was influential in the tradition of continental philosophy, especially during the first half of the 20th century until World War II.

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Here is one hand

Here is one hand is an epistemological argument created by George Edward Moore in reaction against philosophical skepticism and in support of common sense.

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Hermann Ebbinghaus

Hermann Ebbinghaus (January 24, 1850 – February 26, 1909) was a German psychologist who pioneered the experimental study of memory, and is known for his discovery of the forgetting curve and the spacing effect.

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Higher-order theories of consciousness

Higher-order theories of consciousness postulate that consciousness consists in perceptions or thoughts about first-order mental states.

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Historical linguistics

Historical linguistics, also called diachronic linguistics, is the scientific study of language change over time.

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History of psychology

Today, psychology is defined as "the scientific study of behavior and mental processes." Philosophical interest in the mind and behavior dates back to the ancient civilizations of Egypt, Persia, Greece, China, and India.

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History of schizophrenia

The word schizophrenia was coined by the Swiss psychiatrist and eugenicist Eugen Bleuler in 1908, and was intended to describe the separation of function between personality, thinking, memory, and perception.

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Holonic map

A holonic map is a fractal map of perceptions represented as holons, forming a holarchy of perceptual information.

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Homosexual panic

Homosexual panic is a term coined by psychiatrist Edward J. Kempf in 1920 for a condition of "panic due to the pressure of uncontrollable perverse sexual cravings".

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Hormone

A hormone (from the Greek participle “ὁρμῶ”, "to set in motion, urge on") is any member of a class of signaling molecules produced by glands in multicellular organisms that are transported by the circulatory system to target distant organs to regulate physiology and behaviour.

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Hot hand

The "hot hand" (also known as the "hot hand phenomenon" or "hot hand fallacy") is the purported phenomenon that a person who experiences a successful outcome with a random event has a greater probability of success in further attempts.

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Howard Nusbaum

Howard C. Nusbaum is professor at the University of Chicago, United States in the Department of Psychology and its College, and a steering committee member of the Neuroscience Institute.

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Hubert Dreyfus's views on artificial intelligence

Hubert Dreyfus has been a critic of artificial intelligence research since the 1960s.

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Hugo Heyrman

Hugo Heyrman (born December 20, 1942) known by his artist name Dr. Hugo Heyrman, is a leading Belgian painter, filmmaker, internet pioneer, synesthesia and new media researcher.

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Human

Humans (taxonomically Homo sapiens) are the only extant members of the subtribe Hominina.

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Human brain

The human brain is the central organ of the human nervous system, and with the spinal cord makes up the central nervous system.

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Human performance modeling

Human performance modeling (HPM) is a method of quantifying human behavior, cognition, and processes; a tool used by human factors researchers and practitioners for both the analysis of human function and for the development of systems designed for optimal user experience and interaction.

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Human science

Human Science studies the philosophical, biological, social, and cultural aspects of human life.

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Hylomorphism

Hylomorphism (or hylemorphism) is a philosophical theory developed by Aristotle, which conceives being (ousia) as a compound of matter and form.

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Hypostatic model of personality

The hypostatic model of personality is a view asserting that humans present themselves in many different aspects or hypostases, depending on the internal and external realities they relate to, including different approaches to the study of personality.

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I Light Marina Bay

i Light Marina Bay is Asia’s leading sustainable light art festival, held in the Marina Bay district of Singapore.

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Ibn Hazm

Abū Muḥammad ʿAlī ibn Aḥmad ibn Saʿīd ibn Ḥazm (أبو محمد علي بن احمد بن سعيد بن حزم; also sometimes known as al-Andalusī aẓ-Ẓāhirī; November 7, 994 – August 15, 1064Ibn Hazm.. Trans. A. J. Arberry. Luzac Oriental, 1997 Joseph A. Kechichian,. Gulf News: 21:30 December 20, 2012. (456 AH) was an Andalusian poet, polymath, historian, jurist, philosopher, and theologian, born in Córdoba, present-day Spain. He was a leading proponent and codifier of the Zahiri school of Islamic thought, and produced a reported 400 works of which only 40 still survive. The Encyclopaedia of Islam refers to him as having been one of the leading thinkers of the Muslim world, and he is widely acknowledged as the father of comparative religious studies.

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Ibn Tufail

Ibn Tufail (c. 1105 – 1185) (full Arabic name: أبو بكر محمد بن عبد الملك بن محمد بن طفيل القيسي الأندلسي Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Muhammad ibn Tufail al-Qaisi al-Andalusi; Latinized form: Abubacer Aben Tofail; Anglicized form: Abubekar or Abu Jaafar Ebn Tophail) was an Arab Andalusian Muslim polymath: a writer, novelist, Islamic philosopher, Islamic theologian, physician, astronomer, vizier, and court official.

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ICD-10 Chapter XVIII: Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings

ICD-10 is an international statistical classification used in health care and related industries.

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Iconic memory

Iconic memory is the visual sensory memory (SM) register pertaining to the visual domain and a fast-decaying store of visual information.

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Iconoclast: A Neuroscientist Reveals How to Think Differently

Iconoclast: a Neuroscientist Reveals How to Think Differently is a neuropsychology book written by Gregory Berns and first published in 2008 by Harvard Business Press.

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ICPRAM

The International Conference on Pattern Recognition Applications and Methods (ICPRAM) is held annually since 2012.

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Idea

In philosophy, ideas are usually taken as mental representational images of some object.

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Ideal observer analysis

Ideal observer analysis is a method for investigating how information is processed in a perceptual system.

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Ideasthesia

Ideasthesia (alternative spelling ideaesthesia) is defined as a phenomenon in which activations of concepts (inducers) evoke perception-like experiences (concurrents).

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If a tree falls in a forest

"If a tree falls in a forest and no one is around to hear it, does it make a sound?" is a philosophical thought experiment that raises questions regarding observation and perception.

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Ikken hissatsu

is a term used in traditional karate, meaning "to annihilate at one blow".

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Illusion

An illusion is a distortion of the senses, which can reveal how the human brain normally organizes and interprets sensory stimulation.

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ImaGem Inc.

ImaGem Inc. is a gem information company based on patented technology for grading and identifying gems.

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Imaginary friend

Imaginary friends (also known as pretend friends or invisible friends) are a psychological and social phenomenon where a friendship or other interpersonal relationship takes place in the imagination rather than external physical reality.

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Imagination

Imagination is the capacity to produce images, ideas and sensations in the mind without any immediate input of the senses (such as seeing or hearing).

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Implant (medicine)

An implant is a medical device manufactured to replace a missing biological structure, support a damaged biological structure, or enhance an existing biological structure.

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Implementation intention

An implementation intention (II) is a self-regulatory strategy in the form of an "if-then plan" that can lead to better goal attainment, as well as help in habit and behavior modification.

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Implicit cognition

Implicit cognition refers to unconscious influences such as knowledge, perception, or memory, that influence a person's behavior, even though they themselves have no conscious awareness whatsoever of those influences.

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Implicit leadership theory

Implicit leadership theory (ILT) is a cognitive theory of leadership developed by Robert Lord and colleagues.

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Implicit-association test

The implicit-association test (IAT) is a measure within social psychology designed to detect the strength of a person's automatic association between mental representations of objects (concepts) in memory.

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Impression management

Impression management is a conscious or subconscious process in which people attempt to influence the perceptions of other people about a person, object or event.

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Inattentional blindness

Inattentional blindness, also known as perceptual blindness, is a psychological lack of attention that is not associated with any vision defects or deficits.

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Index of aesthetics articles

This is an alphabetical index of articles about aesthetics.

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Index of cognitive science articles

Cognitive science is the scientific study either of mind or of intelligence (e.g. Luger 1994).

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Index of epistemology articles

Epistemology (from Greek ἐπιστήμη – episteme-, "knowledge, science" + λόγος, "logos") or theory of knowledge is the branch of philosophy concerned with the nature and scope (limitations) of knowledge.

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Index of metaphysics articles

Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy that investigates principles of reality transcending those of any particular science.

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Index of philosophy articles (I–Q)

No description.

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Index of philosophy of science articles

An index list of articles about the philosophy of science.

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Index of psychology articles

Psychology (from ψυχή psykhē "breath, spirit, soul"; and -λογία, -logia "study of") is an academic and applied discipline involving the scientific study of human mental functions and behavior.

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Indian religions

Indian religions, sometimes also termed as Dharmic faiths or religions, are the religions that originated in the Indian subcontinent; namely Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism.

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Inductive probability

Inductive probability attempts to give the probability of future events based on past events.

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Information

Information is any entity or form that provides the answer to a question of some kind or resolves uncertainty.

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Information metabolism

Information metabolism, sometimes referred to as informational metabolism or energetic-informational metabolism, is a psychological theory of interaction between biological organisms and their environment, developed by Polish psychiatrist Antoni Kępiński.

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Information processing theory

The information processing theory approach to the study of cognitive development evolved out of the American experimental tradition in psychology.

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Inger Christensen

Inger Christensen (16 January 1935 – 2 January 2009) was a Danish poet, novelist, essayist and editor.

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Inoculation theory

Inoculation theory was developed by social psychologist William J. McGuire in 1961 to explain how attitudes and beliefs change, and more importantly, how to keep existing attitudes and beliefs consistent in the face of attempts to change them.

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Insight

Insight is the understanding of a specific cause and effect within a specific context.

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Installation art

Installation art is an artistic genre of three-dimensional works that often are site-specific and designed to transform the perception of a space.

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Institut de Robòtica i Informàtica Industrial

The Institut de Robòtica i Informàtica Industrial, CSIC-UPC (IRI) (in Spanish: Instituto de Robótica e Informática Industrial, in English: Institute of Robotics and Industrial Informatics), is a Joint Research Center of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and the Polytechnical University of Catalonia (UPC).

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Insular cortex

In each hemisphere of the mammalian brain the insular cortex (also insula and insular lobe) is a portion of the cerebral cortex folded deep within the lateral sulcus (the fissure separating the temporal lobe from the parietal and frontal lobes).

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Integrative complexity

Integrative complexity is a research psychometric that refers to the degree to which thinking and reasoning involve the recognition and integration of multiple perspectives and possibilities and their interrelated contingencies.

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Intellect

Intellect is a term used in studies of the human mind, and refers to the ability of the mind to come to correct conclusions about what is true or real, and about how to solve problems.

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Intellectica

Intellectica is a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal of cognitive psychology that was established in 1985 and covers research in a broad range of subjects such as perception, motricity, language, and reasoning.

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Intelligent Small World Autonomous Robots for Micro-manipulation

Intelligent Small World Autonomous Robots for Micro-manipulation (I-Swarm) is a European research project to develop millimeter-scale robots for dangerous activities.

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Interaction design

Interaction design, often abbreviated as IxD, is "the practice of designing interactive digital products, environments, systems, and services." Beyond the digital aspect, interaction design is also useful when creating physical (non-digital) products, exploring how a user might interact with it.

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Intercultural communication

Intercultural communication is a discipline that studies communication across different cultures and social groups, or how culture affects communication.

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Interindividual differences in perception

Interindividual differences in perception describes the effect that differences in brain structure or factors such as culture, upbringing and environment have on the perception of humans.

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International Commission for Central American Recovery and Development

Established at Duke University (North Carolina, United States) in 1987, the International Commission for Central American Recovery and Development (ICCARD) was a task force composed of thirty-three scholars and leaders (Ford Foundation 1988: 155).

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Interpretive discussion

An interpretive discussion is a discussion in which participants explore and/or resolve interpretations often pertaining to texts of any medium containing significant ambiguity in meaning.

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Introspection

Introspection is the examination of one's own conscious thoughts and feelings.

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Intuition

Intuition is the ability to acquire knowledge without proof, evidence, or conscious reasoning, or without understanding how the knowledge was acquired.

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Inverted binocular phenomenon

Disowning Pain Phenomenon (or "Inverted binocular phenomenon") is the subject of 2008 study suggesting that distorting the body image can change the way we feel it.

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Inverted World

Inverted World (The Inverted World in some editions) is a 1974 science fiction novel by British writer Christopher Priest, expanded from a short story by the same name included in New Writings in SF 22 (1973).

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Invisibility

Invisibility is the state of an object that cannot be seen.

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Irritation

Irritation, in biology and physiology, is a state of inflammation or painful reaction to allergy or cell-lining damage.

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Irvin Rock

Irvin Rock (1922–1995) was an American experimential psychologist who studied visual perception at the University of California at Berkeley.

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Isaac Watts

Isaac Watts (17 July 1674 – 25 November 1748) was an English Christian minister (Congregational), hymn writer, theologian, and logician.

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Islamic philosophy

In the religion of Islam, two words are sometimes translated as philosophy—falsafa (literally "philosophy"), which refers to philosophy as well as logic, mathematics, and physics; and Kalam (literally "speech"), which refers to a rationalist form of Islamic philosophy and theology based on the interpretations of Aristotelianism and Neoplatonism as developed by medieval Muslim philosophers.

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István Winkler

István Winkler (born 8 February 1958 in Budapest) is a Hungarian psychologist.

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J. Carlos

José Carlos de Brito e Cunha, known as J. Carlos, (July 18, 1884 — October 2, 1950) was a Brazilian cartoonist, illustrator and graphic designer.

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J. D. Trout

J.

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J. Nigro Sansonese

J.

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Jakob von Uexküll

Jakob Johann Baron von Uexküll (8 September 1864 – 25 July 1944) was a Baltic German biologist who worked in the fields of muscular physiology, animal behaviour studies, and the cybernetics of life.

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James Burke (science historian)

James Burke (born 22 December 1936) is a British broadcaster, science historian, author, and television producer, who is known, among other things, for his documentary television series Connections (1978), and for its more philosophically oriented companion series, The Day the Universe Changed (1985), which is about the history of science and technology.

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James J. Gibson

James Jerome Gibson (January 27, 1904 – December 11, 1979), was an American psychologist and one of the most important contributors to the field of visual perception.

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James R. Kass

James R. Kass is a Canadian physicist engaged in the field of human spaceflight.

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James Wannerton

James Wannerton; is an English IT professional, artist and writer.

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James while John had had had had had had had had had had had a better effect on the teacher

"James while John had had had had had had had had had had had a better effect on the teacher" is an English sentence used to demonstrate lexical ambiguity and the necessity of punctuation, which serves as a substitute for the intonation, stress, and pauses found in speech.

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Jan Lauwereyns

Jan Lauwereyns (born 13 May 1969), full name Johan Marc José Lauwereyns, is a writer and scientist.

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Japanese quail

The Japanese quail, Coturnix japonica, is a species of Old World quail found in East Asia.

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Jasmonate

Jasmonate (JA) and its derivatives are lipid-based plant hormones that regulate a wide range of processes in plants, ranging from growth and photosynthesis to reproductive development.

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Jean Piaget

Jean Piaget (9 August 1896 – 16 September 1980) was a Swiss psychologist and epistemologist known for his pioneering work in child development.

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Jeffrey Alan Gray

Jeffrey Alan Gray (26 May 1934 – 30 April 2004) was a British psychologist.

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Jeffrey M. Bradshaw

Jeffrey M. Bradshaw (PhD in Cognitive Science, University of Washington) is a Senior Research Scientist at the Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition (IHMC), where he led the research group developing the KAoS policy and domain services framework for distributed systems management and coordination of human-agent-robot teamwork.

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Jerome Bruner

Jerome Seymour Bruner (October 1, 1915 – June 5, 2016) was an American psychologist who made significant contributions to human cognitive psychology and cognitive learning theory in educational psychology.

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Jerry Andrus

Jerry Andrus (January 28, 1918 – August 26, 2007) was an American magician and writer known internationally for his original close-up, sleight-of-hand tricks and optical illusions, such as the "Linking Pins".

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Jerry Paper

Lucas Nathan (born circa 1990) is an American songwriter and producer.

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Jesus walking on water

Jesus walking on water is one of the miracles of Jesus recounted in the New Testament.

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Jet airliner

A jet airliner (or jetliner) is an airliner powered by jet engines (passenger jet aircraft).

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Joanna Douglas (actress)

Joanna Douglas (born April 11, 1983) is a Canadian actress.

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Jocelyn Faubert

Prof.

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John A. Swets

John A. Swets (19 July 1928 – 6 July 2016) was a psychologist.

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John Endler

John A. Endler (born 1947) is an ethologist and evolutionary biologist noted for his work on the adaptation of vertebrates to their unique perceptual environments, and the ways in which animal sensory capacities and colour patterns co-evolve.

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John Locke

John Locke (29 August 1632 – 28 October 1704) was an English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers and commonly known as the "Father of Liberalism".

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John Mollon

Professor John Dixon Mollon DSc FRS.

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John Onians

John Onians, FSA (born 1942) is Professor Emeritus of World Art at the University of East Anglia, Norwich and specialised in architecture, especially the architectural theory of the Italian Renaissance; painting, sculpture and architecture in Ancient Greece and Rome; Byzantine art, material culture, metaphor and thought; perception and cognition, and the biological basis of art.

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Johnny Maxwell

Johnny Maxwell is a fictional character in a series of three children's books by Terry Pratchett.

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Josef Albers

Josef Albers (March 19, 1888March 25, 1976) was a German-born American artist and educator whose work, both in Europe and in the United States, formed the basis of modern art education programs of the twentieth century.

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Joseph Cortese

Joseph Cortese (born February 22, 1948) is an American actor who had major roles in films such as Windows (1980), Evilspeak (1981) and Monsignor (1982).

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Journal of Mathematical Psychology

The Journal of Mathematical Psychology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal established in 1964.

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Journal of Texture Studies

The Journal of Texture Studies is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers research on the texture and sensory perception of food and other consumer products.

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Juan Luis Vives

Juan Luis Vives (Ioannes Lodovicus Vives; Joan Lluís Vives i March; Jan Ludovicus Vives; 6 March 6 May 1540) was a Spanish (Valencian) scholar and Renaissance humanist who spent most of his adult life in the Southern Netherlands.

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Juan Pascual-Leone

Juan Pascual-Leone (born in 1933, in Spain) is a developmental neuropsychologist and the founder of the neo-Piagetian approach to cognitive development.

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Juliet Popper Shaffer

Juliet Popper Shaffer (born 1932) is an American psychologist, statistician and statistics educator known for her research on multiple hypothesis testing.

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Juniper Level Botanic Gardens

Juniper Level Botanic Gardens (28+ acres) is a privately owned botanical garden and nonduality center located at 9241 Sauls Road, Raleigh, North Carolina.

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JUPA Psychology Proficiency Test

JUPA Psychology Proficiency Test (心理学検定, Shinri gaku Kentei) is a test designed to measure the knowledge of psychology by Japanese Union of Psychological Association.

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Just-noticeable difference

In the branch of experimental psychology focused on sense, sensation, and perception, which is called psychophysics, a just-noticeable difference or JND is the amount something must be changed in order for a difference to be noticeable, detectable at least half the time (absolute threshold).

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Justo Gonzalo

Justo Gonzalo Rodríguez-Leal (March 2, 1910 – September 28, 1986) was a Spanish neuroscientist, who described and interpreted what he called "central syndrome of the cortex" which is a multisensory disorder with bilateral symmetry, due to a unilateral parieto-occipital cortical lesion.

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Kano model

The Kano model is a theory for product development and customer satisfaction developed in the 1980s by Professor Noriaki Kano, which classifies customer preferences into five categories.

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Karl Robert Eduard von Hartmann

Karl Robert Eduard von Hartmann (23 February 1842 – 5 June 1906) was a German philosopher, author of Philosophy of the Unconscious (1869).

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Karl von Frisch

Karl Ritter von Frisch, (20 November 1886 – 12 June 1982) was an Austrian ethologist who received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1973, along with Nikolaas Tinbergen and Konrad Lorenz.

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Karl Zener

Karl Edward Zener (April 22, 1903 – September 27, 1964) was a perceptual psychologist best known for his affiliation with Dr.

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Karo people (Indonesia)

The Karo, or Karonese, are a people of the 'tanah Karo' (Karo lands) of North Sumatra and a small part of neighboring Aceh.

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Kate Gordon Moore

Kate Gordon Moore (February 18, 1878 – October 4, 1963) was an American psychologist whose work focused on various aspects within cognitive psychology, and is noted for her work with color vision and perception, as well as aesthetics, memory, imagination, emotion, developmental tests for children, and attention span.

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Kenneth M. Ford

Ken Ford is founder and director of the Florida Institute for Human & Machine Cognition (IHMC).

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Kenny Ridwan

Kenny Ridwan is an Asian American teenage actor known for his roles in the TV series The Goldbergs, The Thundermans, and The McCarthys.

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Kerning

In typography, kerning is the process of adjusting the spacing between characters in a proportional font, usually to achieve a visually pleasing result.

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Knowledge

Knowledge is a familiarity, awareness, or understanding of someone or something, such as facts, information, descriptions, or skills, which is acquired through experience or education by perceiving, discovering, or learning.

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Kobon language

Kobon (pronounced Kxombon) is a language of Papua New Guinea.

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Kurt Hentschlager

Kurt Hentschlager, or Hentschläger (born in Linz, Austria, in 1960) is a Chicago-based Austrian artist who creates audiovisual installations and performances.

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Kurt Koffka

Kurt Koffka (March 18, 1886 – November 22, 1941) was a German psychologist.

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Kurt Rosenwinkel

Kurt Rosenwinkel (born October 28, 1970) is an American jazz guitarist.

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Kyūshindō

Kyūshindō is a philosophy developed by budō master Kenshiro Abbe in the mid-20th century and which became his central statement for his personal approach to Judo.

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Lady Mary Shepherd

Lady Mary Shepherd, née Primrose (31 December 1777 - 7 January 1847) was a Scottish philosopher.

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Lawrence of Newark

Lawrence of Newark is a jazz album by organist/keyboardist Larry Young, released on the Perception Records label.

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Leading activity

Leading activity is a concept used within the tradition of Cultural-Historical Activity Theory (CHAT), to describe the activity, or cooperative human action, which plays the essential role in child development during a given developmental period.

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Leah Krubitzer

Leah Krubitzer is an American neuroscientist, Professor of Psychology at University of California, Davis, and head of the Laboratory of Evolutionary Neurobiology.

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Learning theory (education)

Learning theories are conceptual frameworks that describe how students absorb, process, and retain knowledge during learning.

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Learning to read

Learning to read is the acquisition and practice of the skills necessary to understand the meaning behind printed words.

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Legend of the Five Rings Roleplaying Game

The Legend of the Five Rings Roleplaying Game is a role-playing game originally written by John Wick and published by Alderac Entertainment Group, under license from Five Rings Publishing Group, in 1997.

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Leisure satisfaction

"Leisure refers to activities that a person voluntarily engages in when they are free from any work, social or familial responsibilities."Joudrey, A. D., & Wallace, J.E. (2009) Leisure as a Coping Resource: A Test of the Job Demand-Control-Support Model.

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Leonard Uhr

Leonard Uhr (1927 – October 5, 2000) was an American computer scientist and a pioneer in computer vision, pattern recognition, machine learning and cognitive science.

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Leung Chi Wo Warren

Leung Chi Wo Warren (born 1968) is a Hong Kong visual artist and a current associate professor at the School of Creative Media, City University of Hong Kong His forms of works mainly range from photography, installation, paintings and videos.

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Level of consciousness (Esotericism)

Consciousness is a loosely defined concept that addresses the human awareness of both internal and external stimuli.

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LGBT stereotypes

Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) stereotypes are conventional, formulaic generalizations, opinions, or images based on the sexual orientations or gender identities of LGBT people.

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Life chances

Life chances (Lebenschancen in German) is a social science theory of the opportunities each individual has to improve their quality of life.

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Lifelike experience

"Lifelike" is an adjective that relates to anything that simulates real life, in accordance with its laws.

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Lifeworld

Lifeworld (Lebenswelt) may be conceived as a universe of what is self-evident or given, a world that subjects may experience together.

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Linguistic determinism

Linguistic determinism is the idea that language and its structures limit and determine human knowledge or thought, as well as thought processes such as categorization, memory, and perception.

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Linguistic insecurity

Linguistic insecurity comprises feelings of anxiety, self-consciousness, or lack of confidence in the mind of a speaker surrounding the use of their own language.

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Linguistic universal

A linguistic universal is a pattern that occurs systematically across natural languages, potentially true for all of them.

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Lisa F. Smith

Lisa F. Smith (formerly Wolf) is a US-New Zealand education academic.

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List of Cornell University faculty

This list of Cornell University faculty includes notable current and former instructors and administrators of Cornell University, an Ivy League university located in Ithaca, New York.

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List of Dewey Decimal classes

The Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) is structured around ten main classes covering the entire world of knowledge; each main class is further structured into ten hierarchical divisions, each having ten sections of increasing specificity.

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List of Horizon episodes

Horizon is a current and long-running BBC popular science and philosophy documentary programme.

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List of In Our Time programmes

In Our Time is a discussion programme on the history of ideas; it has been hosted since 1998 by Melvyn Bragg on BBC Radio 4 in the United Kingdom.

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List of Kenichi: The Mightiest Disciple episodes

Kenichi: The Mightiest Disciple is an anime series adapted from the manga of the same title by Syun Matsuena.

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List of MeSH codes (F02)

The following is a list of the "F" codes for MeSH.

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List of New Age topics

This article contains a list of New Age topics that are too extensive to include in its main article New Age; further information may be found at:Category:New Age.

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List of philosophical concepts

No description.

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List of Portuguese words of Germanic origin

This is a list of Portuguese words that come from Germanic languages.

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List of Professor Blastoff episodes

Professor Blastoff was a weekly comedy audio podcast which aired from May 15, 2011 to July 21, 2015.

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List of psychology disciplines

This non-exhaustive list contains many of the sub-fields within the field of psychology.

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List of rasa'il in the Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity

The following is a list of the rasa'il (epistles) which compose the influential Neoplatonic encyclopedia, the Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity composed by the Brethren of Purity in the tenth century CE in Basra, Iraq.

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List of Spanish words of Germanic origin

This is a list of some Spanish words of Germanic origin.

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List of The Librarian characters

This is a list of characters in ''The Librarian'' series.

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List of unsolved problems in biology

This article lists currently unsolved problems in biology.

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List of unsolved problems in neuroscience

There are yet unsolved problems in neuroscience, although some of these problems have evidence supporting a hypothesized solution, and the field is rapidly evolving.

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List of unsolved problems in philosophy

This is a list of some of the major unsolved problems in philosophy.

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List of women psychologists

This is a list of women psychologists.

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Lizz Brady

Lizz Brady (born September 30, 1988) is visual artist and curator based in Manchester, England.

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Lobes of the brain

The lobes of the brain were originally a purely anatomical classification, but have been shown also to be related to different brain functions.

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Local community

A local community is a group of interacting people sharing an environment.

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Local skepticism

Local skepticism is the view that one cannot possess knowledge in some particular domain.

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Logarithm

In mathematics, the logarithm is the inverse function to exponentiation.

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Logic in Islamic philosophy

Early Islamic law placed importance on formulating standards of argument, which gave rise to a "novel approach to logic" (منطق manṭiq "speech, eloquence") in Kalam (Islamic scholasticism) However, with the rise of the Mu'tazili philosophers, who highly valued Aristotle's Organon, this approach was displaced by the older ideas from Hellenistic philosophy, The works of al-Farabi, Avicenna, al-Ghazali and other Persian Muslim logicians who often criticized and corrected Aristotelian logic and introduced their own forms of logic, also played a central role in the subsequent development of European logic during the Renaissance.

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Looming

Looming is a term found in the study of perception, as it relates directly to psychology.

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Lophophine

Lophophine (MMDPEA, 3-methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxyphenethylamine) is a putative psychedelic and entactogen drug of the methylenedioxyphenethylamine class.

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Louis Herman

Louis Herman (April 16, 1930 – August 3, 2016) was an American marine biologist.

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Low back pain

Low back pain (LBP) is a common disorder involving the muscles, nerves, and bones of the back.

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Luciano Fadiga

Luciano Fadiga (born 1961) is a neurophysiologist at the Human Physiology Section of the University of Ferrara and a Senior Researcher at the Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia of Genoa Italy Born in 1961.

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Ludy T. Benjamin

Ludy T. Benjamin Jr. (born December 26, 1945) is an American psychologist and historian of psychology.

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Lumières

The Lumières (literally in English: Enlighteners) was a cultural, philosophical, literary and intellectual movement of the second half of the 18th century, originating in France and spreading throughout Europe.

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Magnetic implant

Magnetic implantation is an experimental procedure in which small, powerful magnets are inserted beneath the skin, often in the tips of fingers.

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Man and Matter - Essays Scientific & Christian

Man and Matter - Essays Scientific & Christian is a 1951 book written by a British chemist, museum curator and historian of science Frank Sherwood Taylor.

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Managerial psychology

Managerial psychology is a sub-discipline of industrial and organizational psychology, which focuses on the efficacy of individuals, groups and organizations in the workplace.

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Mangrove tree distribution

Global mangrove distributions have fluctuated throughout human and geological history.

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Marika Gombitová

Marika Gombitová (born 12 September 1956) is a Slovak singer-songwriter and disabled musician.

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Mark Nugent

Mark Nugent was a prolific British and Canadian filmmaker, digital artist and writer.

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Marketing management

Marketing management is the process of developing strategies and planning for product or services, advertising, promotions, sales to reach desired customer segment.

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Markus Raetz

Markus Raetz (born 6 June 1941) is a Swiss painter, illustrator and sculptor.

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Marshall McLuhan

Herbert Marshall McLuhan (July 21, 1911December 31, 1980) was a Canadian professor, philosopher, and public intellectual.

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Mass media impact on spatial perception

Mass media influences spatial perception through journalistic cartography and spatial bias in news coverage.

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Materialism

Materialism is a form of philosophical monism which holds that matter is the fundamental substance in nature, and that all things, including mental aspects and consciousness, are results of material interactions.

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Materiality (architecture)

Materiality in architecture is the concept of, or applied use of, various materials or substances in the medium of building.

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Maternal physiological changes in pregnancy

Maternal physiological changes in pregnancy are the adaptations during pregnancy that a woman’s body undergoes to accommodate the growing embryo or fetus.

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Mathematical Neuroscience Prize

The Mathematical Neuroscience Prize is a prize awarded biennially since 2013 by the nonprofit organization Israel Brain Technologies (IBT).

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Mathematical psychology

Mathematical psychology is an approach to psychological research that is based on mathematical modeling of perceptual, cognitive and motor processes, and on the establishment of law-like rules that relate quantifiable stimulus characteristics with quantifiable behavior.

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Matter and Memory

Matter and Memory (French: Matière et mémoire, 1896) is a book by the French philosopher Henri Bergson.

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Maurice Merleau-Ponty

Maurice Merleau-Ponty (14 March 1908 – 3 May 1961) was a French phenomenological philosopher, strongly influenced by Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger.

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Max Carrados

Max Carrados is a fictional blind detective in a series of mystery stories and books by Ernest Bramah, beginning in 1914.

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Maximum intensity projection

In scientific visualization, a maximum intensity projection (MIP) is a method for 3D data that projects in the visualization plane the voxels with maximum intensity that fall in the way of parallel rays traced from the viewpoint to the plane of projection.

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Maya (religion)

Maya (Devanagari: माया, IAST: māyā), literally "illusion" or "magic", has multiple meanings in Indian philosophies depending on the context.

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McGurk effect

The McGurk effect is a perceptual phenomenon that demonstrates an interaction between hearing and vision in speech perception.

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Meaning (linguistics)

In linguistics, meaning is the information or concepts that a sender intends to convey, or does convey, in communication with a receiver.

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Meaning of life

The meaning of life, or the answer to the question "What is the meaning of life?", pertains to the significance of living or existence in general.

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Media psychology

Media psychology is the branch of psychology that focuses on the interaction of human behavior and media and technology.

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Median preoptic nucleus

The median preoptic nucleus is located dorsal to the other three nuclei of the preoptic area of the anterior hypothalamus.

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Medical genetics of Jews

The medical genetics of Jews is the study, screening, and treatment of genetic disorders more common in particular Jewish populations than in the population as a whole.

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Medicine

Medicine is the science and practice of the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease.

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Memory consolidation

Memory consolidation is a category of processes that stabilize a memory trace after its initial acquisition.

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Memory development

The development of memory in children becomes evident within the first 3 years of a child's life as they show considerable advances in declarative memory.

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Memory improvement

Memory improvement is the act of improving one's memory.

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Memory inhibition

In psychology, memory inhibition is the ability not to remember irrelevant information.

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Memory-prediction framework

The memory-prediction framework is a theory of brain function created by Jeff Hawkins and described in his 2004 book On Intelligence.

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Mental event

A mental event is anything which happens within the mind or mind substitute of a conscious individual.

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Mental fact

Mental facts include such things as perceptions, feelings, and judgments.

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Mental process

Mental process or mental function are all the things that individuals can do with their minds.

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Mental representation

A mental representation (or cognitive representation), in philosophy of mind, cognitive psychology, neuroscience, and cognitive science, is a hypothetical internal cognitive symbol that represents external reality, or else a mental process that makes use of such a symbol: "a formal system for making explicit certain entities or types of information, together with a specification of how the system does this".

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Mental rotation

Mental rotation is the ability to rotate mental representations of two-dimensional and three-dimensional objects as it is related to the visual representation of such rotation within the human mind.

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Mental status examination

The mental status examination or mental state examination (MSE) is an important part of the clinical assessment process in psychiatric practice.

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Menu engineering

Menu engineering is an interdisciplinary field of study devoted to the deliberate and strategic construction of menus.

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Mesopotamian divination

Mesopotamian divination was divination within the Mesopotamian period.

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Metaphor in philosophy

Metaphor, the description of one thing as something else, has become of interest in recent decades to both analytic philosophy and continental philosophy, but for different reasons.

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Methylisopropyltryptamine

N-Methyl-N-isopropyltryptamine (MiPT) is a psychedelic tryptamine, closely related to DMT, DiPT and Miprocin.

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Michael J. Morgan

Michael John Morgan FRS (born 25 August 1942) is a Welsh professor at City University, London.

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Michael Turvey

Michael T. Turvey is the Board of Trustees' Distinguished Professor of Experimental Psychology at the University of Connecticut and a Senior Scientist at Haskins Laboratories in New Haven, Connecticut.

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Miha Štrukelj

Miha Štrukelj is a visual artist working primarily in painting and also focusing on drawing and site-specific work for the last two years.

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Mikhail Matyushin

Michael Vasilyevich Matyushin (Михаил Васильевич Матюшин; 1861 in Nizhny Novgorod – 14 October 1934 in Leningrad) was a Russian painter and composer, leading member of the Russian avant-garde.

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Miksang

Miksang is a Tibetan word meaning "good eye." It represents a form of contemplative photography based on the Dharma Art teachings of Chögyam Trungpa, in which the eye is in synchronisation with the contemplative mind.

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Mimicry

In evolutionary biology, mimicry is a similarity of one organism, usually an animal, to another that has evolved because the resemblance is selectively favoured by the behaviour of a shared signal receiver that can respond to both.

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Mind

The mind is a set of cognitive faculties including consciousness, perception, thinking, judgement, language and memory.

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Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is a standardized psychometric test of adult personality and psychopathology.

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Mirror-touch synesthesia

Mirror-touch synesthesia is a rare condition which causes individuals to experience the same sensation (such as touch) that another person feels.

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Misdirection (magic)

Misdirection is a form of deception in which the attention of an audience is focused on one thing in order to distract its attention from another.

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MMDA (drug)

MMDA (3-methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxyamphetamine; 5-methoxy-MDA) is a psychedelic and entactogen drug of the amphetamine class.

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Modality (semiotics)

In semiotics, a modality is a particular way in which information is to be encoded for presentation to humans, i.e. to the type of sign and to the status of reality ascribed to or claimed by a sign, text, or genre.

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Model of hierarchical complexity

The model of hierarchical complexity is a framework for scoring how complex a behavior is, such as verbal reasoning or other cognitive tasks.

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Modern philosophy

Modern philosophy is philosophy developed in the modern era and associated with modernity.

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Modern typography

Modern typography was a reaction against the perceived decadence of typography and design of the late 19th century.

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MOGUL framework

The MOGUL framework is a research framework aiming to provide a theoretical perspective on the nature of language.

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Mood repair strategies

Mood repair strategies offer techniques that an individual can use to shift their mood from general sadness or clinical depression to a state of greater contentment or happiness.

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Mooney Face Test

The Mooney Face Test was developed by Craig M. Mooney and his results published in 1957 as “Age in the development of closure ability in children.” In the test, participants are shown low-information, two-tone pictures of faces and are asked to identify features and distinguish between real and false faces.

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Moral disengagement

Moral disengagement is a term from social psychology for the process of convincing the self that ethical standards do not apply to oneself in a particular context.

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Moral perception

Moral perception is a term used in ethics to denote the discernment of the morally salient qualities in particular situations.

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Motor cognition

The concept of motor cognition grasps the notion that cognition is embodied in action, and that the motor system participates in what is usually considered as mental processing, including those involved in social interaction.

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Motor control

Motor control is the systematic regulation of movement in organisms that possess a nervous system.

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Motor theory of speech perception

The motor theory of speech perception is the hypothesis that people perceive spoken words by identifying the vocal tract gestures with which they are pronounced rather than by identifying the sound patterns that speech generates.

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Mulapariyaya Sutta

The Mūlapariyāya Sutta (MN 1, The Root of all things or The Root Sequence) is a Theravada Buddhist discourse which "is one of the deepest and most difficult suttas in the Pali Canon." This discourse analyzes the thinking process of four different types of people and shows how the arising of dukkha is due to an intricate process which begins with perception and can only be ended by insight into the true nature of reality.

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Multi-stakeholder governance

Multistakeholder participation is a specific governance approach whereby relevant stakeholders participate in the collective shaping of evolutions and uses of the Internet.

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Multisensory integration

Multisensory integration, also known as multimodal integration, is the study of how information from the different sensory modalities, such as sight, sound, touch, smell, self-motion and taste, may be integrated by the nervous system.

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Multisensory learning

Multisensory learning is the theory that individuals learn better if they are taught using more than one sense (modality).

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Multistable perception

Multistable perception (or Bistable perception) are a form of perceptual phenomena in which there are unpredictable sequences of spontaneous subjective changes.

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Muqaddimah

The Muqaddimah, also known as the Muqaddimah of Ibn Khaldun (مقدّمة ابن خلدون) or Ibn Khaldun's Prolegomena (Προλεγόμενα), is a book written by the Arab historian Ibn Khaldun in 1377 which records an early view of universal history.

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Muraqaba

Muraqaba (مراقبة, an Arabic word meaning "to watch over", "to take care of", or "to keep an eye"), is the Sufi word for meditation.

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Music

Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.

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Music psychology

Music psychology, or the psychology of music, may be regarded as a branch of both psychology and musicology.

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Music theory

Music theory is the study of the practices and possibilities of music.

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Musical semantics

Music semantics refers to the ability of music to convey semantic meaning.

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Musicology

Musicology is the scholarly analysis and research-based study of music.

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Naïve physics

Naïve physics or folk physics is the untrained human perception of basic physical phenomena.

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Naïve realism

In philosophy of mind, naïve realism, also known as direct realism or common sense realism, is the idea that the senses provide us with direct awareness of objects as they really are.

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Naïve realism (psychology)

In social psychology, naïve realism is the human tendency to believe that we see the world around us objectively, and that people who disagree with us must be uninformed, irrational, or biased.

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Nader El-Bizri

Nader El-Bizri (نادر البزري, nādir al-bizrĩ) is a professor of philosophy and civilization studies at the American University of Beirut, where he also serves as associate dean of the faculty of arts and sciences, and as the director of the general education program.

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National School of Leadership

The National School of Leadership (NSL) is the first leadership school of global standards in India focusing solely on leadership studies.

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Natural Color System

The Natural Color System (NCS) is a proprietary perceptual color model.

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Near sets

In mathematics, near sets are either spatially close or descriptively close.

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Near-Earth object

A near-Earth object (NEO) is any small Solar System body whose orbit can bring it into proximity with Earth.

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Negative affectivity

Negative affectivity (NA), or negative affect, is a personality variable that involves the experience of negative emotions and poor self-concept.

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Neoplatonism

Neoplatonism is a term used to designate a strand of Platonic philosophy that began with Plotinus in the third century AD against the background of Hellenistic philosophy and religion.

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Nervous system

The nervous system is the part of an animal that coordinates its actions by transmitting signals to and from different parts of its body.

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Neural adaptation

Neural adaptation or sensory adaptation is a change over time in the responsiveness of the sensory system to a constant stimulus.

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Neural basis of self

The neural basis of self is the idea of using modern concepts of neuroscience to describe and understand the biological processes that underlie human's perception of self-understanding.

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Neural binding

Neural binding refers to the neuroscientific aspect of what is commonly known as the binding problem.

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Neurobiological effects of physical exercise

The are numerous and involve a wide range of interrelated effects on brain structure, brain function, and cognition.

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Neurocognitive

Neurocognitive functions are cognitive functions closely linked to the function of particular areas, neural pathways, or cortical networks in the brain substrate layers of neurological matrix at the cellular molecular level.

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Neuroergonomics

Neuroergonomics is the application of neuroscience to ergonomics.

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Neuroesthetics

Neuroesthetics (not to be confused with the concept of Neuroaesthetics) is a relatively recent sub-discipline of empirical aesthetics.

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Neurogastronomy

Neurogastronomy is the study of flavor perception and the ways it affects cognition and memory.

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Neuroinformatics

Neuroinformatics is a research field concerned with the organization of neuroscience data by the application of computational models and analytical tools.

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Neuromimetic intelligence

Neuromimetic intelligence, also referred to as, computational neuroscience, is a system in which computational models methods apply underlying concepts of neural processes.

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Neuromorphic engineering

Neuromorphic engineering, also known as neuromorphic computing, is a concept developed by Carver Mead, in the late 1980s, describing the use of very-large-scale integration (VLSI) systems containing electronic analog circuits to mimic neuro-biological architectures present in the nervous system.

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Neuronal encoding of sound

The neuronal encoding of sound is the representation of auditory sensation and perception in the nervous system.

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Neuropsychological assessment

Neuropsychological assessment was traditionally carried out to assess the extent of impairment to a particular skill and to attempt to determine the area of the brain which may have been damaged following brain injury or neurological illness.

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Neuroscience

Neuroscience (or neurobiology) is the scientific study of the nervous system.

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Neuroscience in space

Space neuroscience is the scientific study of the central nervous system (CNS) functions during spaceflight.

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New Bulgarian University

New Bulgarian University (Нов български университет, also known and abbreviated as НБУ, NBU) is a private university based in Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria.

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Nichola Bruce

Nichola Bruce (born 1953) is a British avant garde film director, cinematographer, screenwriter, and artist.

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Nick Scotti

Domenico Nicola Aniello "Nick" Scotti (born May 31, 1966) is an American actor, model and singer.

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Nikolai Ladovsky

Nikolai Alexandrovich Ladovsky (Russian: Николай Александрович Ладовский) (1881–1941) was a Russian avant-garde architect and educator, leader of the rationalist movement in 1920s architecture, an approach emphasizing human perception of space and shape.

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Nikolay Lossky

Nikolay Onufriyevich Lossky (– 24 January 1965), also known as N. O. Lossky, was a Russian philosopher, representative of Russian idealism, intuitionist epistemology, personalism, libertarianism, ethics and axiology (value theory).

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NINCDS-ADRDA Alzheimer's Criteria

The NINCDS-ADRDA Alzheimer's Criteria were proposed in 1984 by the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association (now known as the Alzheimer's Association) and are among the most used in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

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Nociception

Nociception (also nocioception or nociperception, from Latin nocere 'to harm or hurt') is the sensory nervous system's response to certain harmful or potentially harmful stimuli.

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Nonverbal influence

Nonverbal Influence is the art of effecting or inspiring change in others' behaviors and attitudes by way of tone of voice or body language and other cues like facial expression.

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Noogenesis

Noogenesis (Ancient Greek: νοῦς.

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Norwich Puppet Man

David John Perry (9 April 1942), commonly known as the Norwich Puppet Man, is a street entertainer from Norwich, Norfolk, England, who now resides in Great Yarmouth, whose performance consists of dancing with a range of puppets while singing along to pop songs played on a portable karaoke machine.

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Norwood Russell Hanson

Norwood Russell Hanson (August 17, 1924 – April 18, 1967) was an American philosopher of science.

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Noumenon

In metaphysics, the noumenon (from Greek: νούμενον) is a posited object or event that exists independently of human sense and/or perception.

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Nous

Nous, sometimes equated to intellect or intelligence, is a philosophical term for the faculty of the human mind which is described in classical philosophy as necessary for understanding what is true or real.

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Numerosity adaptation effect

The numerosity adaptation effect is a perceptual phenomenon in numerical cognition which demonstrates non-symbolic numerical intuition and exemplifies how numerical percepts can impose themselves upon the human brain automatically.

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Oakland gang injunctions

Due to escalating gang activity and high crime rates in Oakland, California Mayor Jean Quan proposed gang injunctions in Oakland, which were passed in May, 2011.

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Object-based attention

Object-based attention refers to the relationship between an ‘object’ representation and a person’s visually stimulated, selective attention, as opposed to a relationship involving either a spatial or a feature representation; although these types of selective attention are not necessarily mutually exclusive.

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Objectivism (Ayn Rand)

Objectivism is a philosophical system developed by Russian-American writer Ayn Rand (1905–1982).

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Oblique (film)

Oblique (2008) is a film by the Norwegian artist Knut Åsdam (1968).

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Ode: Intimations of Immortality

"Ode: Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood" (also known as "Ode", "Immortality Ode" or "Great Ode") is a poem by William Wordsworth, completed in 1804 and published in Poems, in Two Volumes (1807).

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Odor

An odor, odour or fragrance is always caused by one or more volatilized chemical compounds.

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Odyssey Productions

Odyssey Productions (formerly Odyssey Visual Design) is the former name of a California-based photography and 3-D computer animation company founded in 1983 by Steven Churchill in partnership with Adrian Turcotte.

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Of Reformation

Of Reformation is a 1641 pamphlet by John Milton, and his debut in the public arena.

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Olfactory nerve

The olfactory nerve is typically considered the first cranial nerve, or simply CN I, that contains sensory nerve fibers relating to smell.

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Olive oil

Olive oil is a liquid fat obtained from olives (the fruit of Olea europaea; family Oleaceae), a traditional tree crop of the Mediterranean Basin.

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Only You Can Save Mankind

Only You Can Save Mankind (1992) is the first novel in the Johnny Maxwell trilogy of children's books and fifth young adult novel by Terry Pratchett, author of the Discworld sequence of books.

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Onychophora

Onychophora (from Ancient Greek, onyches, "claws"; and pherein, "to carry"), commonly known as velvet worms (due to their velvety texture and somewhat wormlike appearance) or more ambiguously as peripatus (after the first described genus, Peripatus), is a phylum of elongate, soft-bodied, many-legged panarthropods.

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Op art

Op art, short for optical art, is a style of visual art that uses optical illusions.

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Opposition to hunting

Opposition to hunting is espoused by people or groups who object to the practice of hunting, often seeking anti-hunting legislation and sometimes taking on acts of civil disobedience, such as hunt sabotage.

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Optical illusion

An optical illusion (also called a visual illusion) is an illusion caused by the visual system and characterized by a visual percept that (loosely said) appears to differ from reality.

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Optics

Optics is the branch of physics which involves the behaviour and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the construction of instruments that use or detect it.

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Optics and vision

Visual perception is the ability to interpret information and surroundings from visible light reaching the eye.

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Optimality model

In biology, optimality models are a tool used to evaluate the costs and benefits of different organismal features, traits, and characteristics, including behavior, in the natural world.

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Organisms at high altitude

Organisms can live at high altitude, either on land, in water, or while flying.

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Organizational dissent

Organizational dissent is the "expression of disagreement or contradictory opinions about organizational practices and policies".

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Organizing Knowledge Cognitively

People store knowledge in many different ways.

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Orienting response

The orienting response (OR), also called orienting reflex, is an organism's immediate response to a change in its environment, when that change is not sudden enough to elicit the startle reflex.

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Other-centred therapy

Other-centred therapy is a particular approach used in psychotherapy and other therapeutic fields which is grounded in Buddhist psychology principles.

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Outline of aesthetics

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to aesthetics: Aesthetics – branch of philosophy and axiology concerned with the nature of beauty.

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Outline of domestic violence

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to domestic violence: Domestic violence – pattern of abusive behaviors by one or both partners in an intimate relationship, such as marriage, dating, family, or cohabitation.

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Outline of epistemology

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to epistemology: Epistemology or theory of knowledge – branch of philosophy concerned with the nature and scope of knowledge.

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Outline of human intelligence

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to human intelligence: Human intelligence is, in the human species, the mental capacities to learn, understand, and reason, including the capacities to comprehend ideas, plan, solve problems, and use language to communicate.

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Outline of human–computer interaction

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to human–computer interaction: Human–computer interaction – the intersection of computer science and behavioral sciences, this field involves the study, planning, and design of the interaction between people (users) and computers.

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Outline of metaphysics

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to metaphysics: Metaphysics – traditional branch of philosophy concerned with explaining the fundamental nature of being and the world that encompasses it,Geisler, Norman L. "Baker Encyclopedia of Christian Apologetics" page 446.

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Outline of painting

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to painting: Painting – artwork in which paint or other medium has been applied to a surface, and in which area and composition are two primary considerations.

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Outline of psychiatry

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to psychiatry: Psychiatry – medical specialty devoted to the study and treatment of mental disorders.

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Outline of psychology

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to psychology: Psychology is the science of behavior and mental processes.

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Outline of the human nervous system

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the human nervous system: Human nervous system – the part of the human body that coordinates a person's voluntary and involuntary actions and transmits signals between different parts of the body.

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Outline of thought

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to thought (thinking): Thought (also called thinking) – the mental process in which beings form psychological associations and models of the world.

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Overmedication

Overmedication is an inappropriate medical treatment that occurs when a patient takes unnecessary or excessive medications.

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Pain (philosophy)

Philosophy of pain may be about suffering in general or more specifically about physical pain.

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Pain tolerance

Pain tolerance is the maximum level of pain that a person is able to tolerate.

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Pandemonium architecture

Pandemonium architecture arose in response to the inability of template matching theories to offer a biologically plausible explanation of the image constancy phenomena.

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Parallax scanning

Parallax scanning depth enhancing imaging methods rely on discrete parallax differences between depth planes in a scene.

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Parallel universes in fiction

A parallel universe is a hypothetical self-contained reality co-existing with one's own.

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Parataxic distortion

Parataxic distortion is a psychiatric term first used by Harry S. Sullivan to describe the inclination to skew perceptions of others based on fantasy.

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Parmenides

Parmenides of Elea (Παρμενίδης ὁ Ἐλεάτης) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher from Elea in Magna Graecia (Greater Greece, included Southern Italy).

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Participatory management

Participatory management is the practice of empowering members of a group, such as employees of a company or citizens of a community, to participate in organizational decision making.

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Passive–aggressive personality disorder

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders revision IV (DSM-IV) describes passive–aggressive personality disorder as a "pervasive pattern of negativistic attitudes and passive resistance to demands for adequate performance in social and occupational situations." Passive-aggressive behavior is the obligatory symptom of the passive–aggressive personality disorder.

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Pattern recognition

Pattern recognition is a branch of machine learning that focuses on the recognition of patterns and regularities in data, although it is in some cases considered to be nearly synonymous with machine learning.

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Paul Thagard

Paul Thagard (born September 28, 1950) is a Canadian philosopher who specializes in philosophy, cognitive science, and the philosophy of science.

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Paula M. Niedenthal

Paula M. Niedenthal is a social psychologist currently working as a Professor of Psychology at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.

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Paweł Wocial

Paweł Wocial is a Polish installation and object artist, sculptor, designer and scenographer.

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Percept (artificial intelligence)

A percept is the input that an intelligent agent is perceiving at any given moment.

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Perception

Perception (from the Latin perceptio) is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the presented information, or the environment.

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Perception (disambiguation)

Perception is the process of attaining awareness or understanding of sensory information.

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Perception (journal)

Perception is a peer-reviewed scientific journal specialising in the psychology of vision and perception.

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Perception management

Perception management is a term originated by the US military.

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Perception of English /r/ and /l/ by Japanese speakers

Japanese has one liquid phoneme, realized usually as an apico-alveolar tap and sometimes as an alveolar lateral approximant.

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Perception training

Complex perceptions like voice recognition or discrimination of similar sound sequences need experience and can generally be trained.

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Perceptual and Motor Skills

Perceptual and Motor Skills is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal established by Robert B. Ammons and Carol H. Ammons in 1949.

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Perceptual learning

Perceptual learning is learning better perception skills such as differentiating two musical tones from one another or categorizations of spatial and temporal patterns relevant to real-world expertise as in reading, seeing relations among chess pieces, knowing whether or not an X-ray image shows a tumor.

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Perceptual paradox

A perceptual paradox illustrates the failure of a theoretical prediction.

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Perceptual psychology

Perceptual psychology is a subfield of cognitive psychology that is concerned specifically with the pre-conscious innate aspects of the human cognitive system: perception.

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Perceptual robotics

Perceptual robotics is an interdisciplinary science linking Robotics and Neuroscience.

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Perceptual system

A perceptual system is a computational system (biological or artificial) designed to make inferences about properties of a physical environment based on scenes.

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Performance appraisal

A performance appraisal (PA), also referred to as a performance review, performance evaluation,Muchinsky, P. M. (2012).

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Peripheral Head-Mounted Display (PHMD)

A Peripheral Head-Mounted Display (PHMD) describes a visual display (monocular or binocular) mounted to the user’s head that is in the peripheral of the user’s Field-of-View (FOV) / Peripheral Vision.

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Perispirit

In Spiritism, perispirit is the subtle body that is used by the spirit to connect with the perceptions created by the brain.

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Personal identity

In philosophy, the matter of personal identity deals with such questions as, "What makes it true that a person at one time is the same thing as a person at another time?" or "What kinds of things are we persons?" Generally, personal identity is the unique numerical identity of a person in the course of time.

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Personal knowledge management

Personal knowledge management (PKM) is a collection of processes that a person uses to gather, classify, store, search, retrieve and share knowledge in their daily activities and the way in which these processes support work activities.

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Personal-event memory

A personal-event memory is an individual's memory of an event from a certain moment of time.

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Pet psychic

A pet psychic is a person who claims to communicate by psychic means with animals, either living or dead.

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Peter Nordin

Peter Nordin is a Swedish computer scientist, entrepreneur and author who has contributed to artificial intelligence, automatic programming, machine learning, and evolutionary robotics.

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Phenomenology (philosophy)

Phenomenology (from Greek phainómenon "that which appears" and lógos "study") is the philosophical study of the structures of experience and consciousness.

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Phenomenology of Perception

Phenomenology of Perception (Phénoménologie de la perception) is a 1945 book by the French philosopher Maurice Merleau-Ponty, in which the author expounds his thesis of "the primacy of perception".

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Philip Kellman

Philip Kellman is Distinguished Professor of Psychology and the current cognitive psychology area chair at University of California, Los Angeles.

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Philippe Baumard

Philippe N. Baumard (born in Paris, France 1968) graduated from the University of Aix-Marseille II (BA Industrial Economics, 1990), and Paris Dauphine University (MSc, 1991; Ph. D. 1994).

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Philosophical problems of testimony

In philosophy, testimony includes any words or utterances that are presented as evidence for the claims they express.

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Philosophical progress

A prominent question in metaphilosophy is that of whether philosophical progress occurs, and more so, whether such progress in philosophy is even possible.

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Philosophical realism

Realism (in philosophy) about a given object is the view that this object exists in reality independently of our conceptual scheme.

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Philosophical Topics

Philosophical Topics is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering all major areas of philosophy.

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Philosophy and literature

Philosophy and literature involves the literary treatment of philosophers and philosophical themes (the literature of philosophy), and the philosophical treatment of issues raised by literature (the philosophy of literature).

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Philosophy of mathematics

The philosophy of mathematics is the branch of philosophy that studies the assumptions, foundations, and implications of mathematics, and purports to provide a viewpoint of the nature and methodology of mathematics, and to understand the place of mathematics in people's lives.

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Philosophy of mind

Philosophy of mind is a branch of philosophy that studies the nature of the mind.

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Philosophy of perception

The philosophy of perception is concerned with the nature of perceptual experience and the status of perceptual data, in particular how they relate to beliefs about, or knowledge of, the world.

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Phonemic restoration effect

Phonemic restoration effect is a perceptual phenomenon where under certain conditions, sounds actually missing from a speech signal can be restored by the brain and may appear to be heard.

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Phonetics

Phonetics (pronounced) is the branch of linguistics that studies the sounds of human speech, or—in the case of sign languages—the equivalent aspects of sign.

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Phonology

Phonology is a branch of linguistics concerned with the systematic organization of sounds in languages.

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Photogenic

A subject (generally a person) is photogenic if appearing aesthetically or physically attractive or appealing in photographs.

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Photographing Fairies (novel)

Photographing Fairies is a novel by Steve Szilagyi.

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Physics

Physics (from knowledge of nature, from φύσις phýsis "nature") is the natural science that studies matterAt the start of The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Richard Feynman offers the atomic hypothesis as the single most prolific scientific concept: "If, in some cataclysm, all scientific knowledge were to be destroyed one sentence what statement would contain the most information in the fewest words? I believe it is that all things are made up of atoms – little particles that move around in perpetual motion, attracting each other when they are a little distance apart, but repelling upon being squeezed into one another..." and its motion and behavior through space and time and that studies the related entities of energy and force."Physical science is that department of knowledge which relates to the order of nature, or, in other words, to the regular succession of events." Physics is one of the most fundamental scientific disciplines, and its main goal is to understand how the universe behaves."Physics is one of the most fundamental of the sciences. Scientists of all disciplines use the ideas of physics, including chemists who study the structure of molecules, paleontologists who try to reconstruct how dinosaurs walked, and climatologists who study how human activities affect the atmosphere and oceans. Physics is also the foundation of all engineering and technology. No engineer could design a flat-screen TV, an interplanetary spacecraft, or even a better mousetrap without first understanding the basic laws of physics. (...) You will come to see physics as a towering achievement of the human intellect in its quest to understand our world and ourselves."Physics is an experimental science. Physicists observe the phenomena of nature and try to find patterns that relate these phenomena.""Physics is the study of your world and the world and universe around you." Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines and, through its inclusion of astronomy, perhaps the oldest. Over the last two millennia, physics, chemistry, biology, and certain branches of mathematics were a part of natural philosophy, but during the scientific revolution in the 17th century, these natural sciences emerged as unique research endeavors in their own right. Physics intersects with many interdisciplinary areas of research, such as biophysics and quantum chemistry, and the boundaries of physics are not rigidly defined. New ideas in physics often explain the fundamental mechanisms studied by other sciences and suggest new avenues of research in academic disciplines such as mathematics and philosophy. Advances in physics often enable advances in new technologies. For example, advances in the understanding of electromagnetism and nuclear physics led directly to the development of new products that have dramatically transformed modern-day society, such as television, computers, domestic appliances, and nuclear weapons; advances in thermodynamics led to the development of industrialization; and advances in mechanics inspired the development of calculus.

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Physics of the Future

Physics of the Future: How Science Will Shape Human Destiny and Our Daily Lives by the Year 2100 is a 2011 book by theoretical physicist Michio Kaku, author of Hyperspace and Physics of the Impossible.

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Physiological psychology

Physiological psychology is a subdivision of behavioral neuroscience (biological psychology) that studies the neural mechanisms of perception and behavior through direct manipulation of the brains of nonhuman animal subjects in controlled experiments.

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Piaget's theory of cognitive development

Piaget's theory of cognitive development is a comprehensive theory about the nature and development of human intelligence.

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Pirsig's Metaphysics of Quality

The Metaphysics of Quality (MoQ) is a theory of reality introduced in Robert Pirsig's philosophical novel, Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance (1974) and expanded in Lila: An Inquiry into Morals (1991).

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Pitch (music)

Pitch is a perceptual property of sounds that allows their ordering on a frequency-related scale, or more commonly, pitch is the quality that makes it possible to judge sounds as "higher" and "lower" in the sense associated with musical melodies.

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Place attachment

Place attachment is the emotional bond between person and place, and is a main concept in environmental psychology.

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Placing reflexes

There are two frequently used placing reflexes.

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Plato's Problem

Plato's Problem is the term given by Noam Chomsky to "the problem of explaining how we can know so much" given our limited experience.

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Platonic realism

Platonic realism is a philosophical term usually used to refer to the idea of realism regarding the existence of universals or abstract objects after the Greek philosopher Plato (c. 427–c. 347 BC), a student of Socrates.

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PNC (rapper)

Sam Hansen, better known by his stage name PNC, is a New Zealand hip hop artist and rapper.

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Poetry

Poetry (the term derives from a variant of the Greek term, poiesis, "making") is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language—such as phonaesthetics, sound symbolism, and metre—to evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of, the prosaic ostensible meaning.

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Point Cloud Library

The Point Cloud Library (PCL) is an open-source library of algorithms for point cloud processing tasks and 3D geometry processing, such as occur in three-dimensional computer vision.

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Polysubstance dependence

A person with polysubstance dependence is psychologically addicted to being in an intoxicated state without a preference for one particular substance.

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Porter's four corners model

Porter's four corners model is a predictive tool designed by Michael Porter that helps in determining a competitor's course of action.

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Portuguese vocabulary

Most of the Portuguese vocabulary comes from Latin, because Portuguese is a Romance language.

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Positivist school (criminology)

In criminology, the Positivist School has attempted to find scientific objectivity for the measurement and quantification of criminal behavior.

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Post-left anarchy

Post-left anarchy is a recent current in anarchist thought that promotes a critique of anarchism's relationship to traditional leftism.

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Post-traumatic amnesia

Post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) is a state of confusion that occurs immediately following a traumatic brain injury (TBI) in which the injured person is disoriented and unable to remember events that occur after the injury.

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Potentiality and actuality

In philosophy, potentiality and actuality are principles of a dichotomy which Aristotle used to analyze motion, causality, ethics, and physiology in his Physics, Metaphysics, Nicomachean Ethics and De Anima, which is about the human psyche.

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Poverty in Haiti

Poverty in Haiti affects its people in many aspects of everyday life, including housing, nutrition, education, healthcare, infant mortality rates, as well as environment.

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Pramana

Pramana (Sanskrit: प्रमाण) literally means "proof" and "means of knowledge".

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Pre-established harmony

Gottfried Leibniz's theory of pre-established harmony (harmonie préétablie) is a philosophical theory about causation under which every "substance" affects only itself, but all the substances (both bodies and minds) in the world nevertheless seem to causally interact with each other because they have been programmed by God in advance to "harmonize" with each other.

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Precedence effect

The precedence effect or law of the first wavefront is a binaural psychoacoustic effect.

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Predictive coding

Predictive coding models suggest that the brain is constantly generating and updating hypotheses that predict sensory input at varying levels of abstraction.

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Prenatal perception

Prenatal perception is the study of the extent of somatosensory and other types of perception during pregnancy.

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Present

The present (or here and now) is the time that is associated with the events perceived directly and in the first time, not as a recollection (perceived more than once) or a speculation (predicted, hypothesis, uncertain).

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Primary consciousness

Primary consciousness is a term the American biologist Gerald Edelman coined to describe the ability, found in humans and some animals, to integrate observed events with memory to create an awareness of the present and immediate past of the world around them.

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Priming (psychology)

Priming is a technique whereby exposure to one stimulus influences a response to a subsequent stimulus, without conscious guidance or intention.

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Princeton University Department of Psychology

The Princeton University Department of Psychology, located in Peretsman-Scully Hall, is an academic department of Princeton University in Princeton, New Jersey.

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Principles of grouping

The principles of grouping (or Gestalt laws of grouping) are a set of principles in psychology, first proposed by Gestalt psychologists to account for the observation that humans naturally perceive objects as organized patterns and objects, a principle known as Prägnanz.

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Principles of Neural Science

First published in 1981 by Elsevier, Principles of Neural Science is an influential neuroscience textbook edited by Eric R. Kandel, James H. Schwartz, and Thomas M. Jessell.

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Prism adaptation

Prism adaptation is a sensory-motor adaptation that occurs after the visual field has been artificially shifted laterally or vertically.

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Proactive contracting

Proactive Contracting is akin to Proactive Law and focuses on the same properties, namely to prevent problems and promote relationships.

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Processing fluency theory of aesthetic pleasure

The processing fluency theory of aesthetic pleasure is a theory in psychological aesthetics on how people experience beauty.

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Proto-Cubism

Proto-Cubism (also referred to as Protocubism, Pre-Cubism or Early Cubism) is an intermediary transition phase in the history of art chronologically extending from 1906 to 1910.

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Prototype-matching

In cognitive science, prototype-matching is a theory of pattern recognition that describes the process by which a sensory unit registers a new stimulus and compares it to the prototype, or standard model, of said stimulus.

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Psilocybin

Psilocybin is a naturally occurring psychedelic prodrug compound produced by more than 200 species of mushrooms, collectively known as psilocybin mushrooms.

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PSPLab

The Perceptual Signal Processing Lab, or PSPLab, is an audio research lab of National Chiao Tung University.

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PsyArXiv

PsyArXiv is a preprint repository for the psychological sciences opened in September 2016 and officially launched in December 2016.

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Psychedelia

Psychedelia is the subculture, originating in the 1960s, of people who often use psychedelic drugs such as LSD, mescaline (found in peyote) and psilocybin (found in some mushrooms).

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Psychoacoustics

Psychoacoustics is the scientific study of sound perception and audiology.

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Psychoactive drug

A psychoactive drug, psychopharmaceutical, or psychotropic is a chemical substance that changes brain function and results in alterations in perception, mood, consciousness, cognition, or behavior.

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Psychogram

A psychogram is a term sometimes used in fields within psychology such as personality theory and perception as well as graphology and handwriting analysis, although the term has multiple senses, many of them out-of-date, and none of the senses of the term are defined clearly or used consistently.

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Psychological anthropology

Psychological anthropology is an interdisciplinary subfield of anthropology that studies the interaction of cultural and mental processes.

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Psychological horror

Psychological horror is a subgenre of horror and psychological fiction that relies on mental, emotional and psychological states to frighten, disturb, or unsettle readers, viewers, or players.

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Psychological manipulation

Psychological manipulation is a type of social influence that aims to change the behavior or perception of others through abusive, deceptive, or underhanded tactics.

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Psychological thriller

Psychological thriller is a thriller narrative which emphasizes the unstable or delusional psychological states of its characters.

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Psychology

Psychology is the science of behavior and mind, including conscious and unconscious phenomena, as well as feeling and thought.

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Psychology of art

The psychology of art is an interdisciplinary field that studies the perception, cognition and characteristics of art and its production.

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Psychology of film

The psychology of film is a sub-field of the psychology of art that studies the characteristics of film and its production in relation to perception, cognition, narrative understanding, and emotion.

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Psychophysics

Psychophysics quantitatively investigates the relationship between physical stimuli and the sensations and perceptions they produce.

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Pulfrich effect

The Pulfrich effect is a psychophysical percept wherein lateral motion of an object in the field of view is interpreted by the visual cortex as having a depth component, due to a relative difference in signal timings between the two eyes.

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Qualia

In philosophy and certain models of psychology, qualia (or; singular form: quale) are defined to be individual instances of subjective, conscious experience.

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Quality (philosophy)

In philosophy, a quality is an attribute or a property characteristic of an object.

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Quantum cognition

Quantum cognition is an emerging field which applies the mathematical formalism of quantum theory to model cognitive phenomena such as information processing by the human brain, language, decision making, human memory, concepts and conceptual reasoning, human judgment, and perception.

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Quassim Cassam

Quassim Cassam (born 31 January 1961) is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Warwick.

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Quietism (philosophy)

Quietism in philosophy is an approach to the subject that sees the role of philosophy as broadly therapeutic or remedial.

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Raccoon

The raccoon (or, Procyon lotor), sometimes spelled racoon, also known as the common raccoon, North American raccoon, or northern raccoon, is a medium-sized mammal native to North America.

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Ralph Reitan

Ralph M. Reitan (August 29, 1922 – August 24, 2014) was an American neuropsychologist and one of the fathers of American clinical neuropsychology having brought the notion of brain-behavior relationships to the forefront of the field.

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Random dot stereogram

Random-dot stereogram (RDS) is stereo pair of images of random dots which when viewed with the aid of a stereoscope, or with the eyes focused on a point in front of or behind the images, produces a sensation of depth, with objects appearing to be in front of or behind the display level.

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Randy Vasquez

Randy Vasquez (born October 16, 1961) is an American actor.

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Rashomon effect

The Rashomon effect occurs when the same event is given contradictory interpretations by different individuals involved.

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Rate–distortion theory

Rate–distortion theory is a major branch of information theory which provides the theoretical foundations for lossy data compression; it addresses the problem of determining the minimal number of bits per symbol, as measured by the rate R, that should be communicated over a channel, so that the source (input signal) can be approximately reconstructed at the receiver (output signal) without exceeding a given distortion D.

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Rational emotive behavior therapy

Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT), previously called rational therapy and rational emotive therapy, is an active-directive, philosophically and empirically based psychotherapy, the aim of which is to resolve emotional and behavioral problems and disturbances and to help people to lead happier and more fulfilling lives.

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Rūpa

In Hinduism and Buddhism, rūpa (Sanskrit; Pāli; Devanagari:; รูป) means 'form'.

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Reader-response criticism

Reader-response criticism is a school of literary theory that focuses on the reader (or "audience") and their experience of a literary work, in contrast to other schools and theories that focus attention primarily on the author or the content and form of the work.

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Real-time Control System

Real-time Control System (RCS) is a reference model architecture, suitable for many software-intensive, real-time control problem domains.

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Recept

"Recept" (pronounced) is a term used in the work of 19th-century psychologist George Romanes to refer to an idea that is formed by the repetition of percepts (i.e., successive percepts of the same object).

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Reconstructive memory

Reconstructive memory is a theory of elaborate memory recall proposed within the field of cognitive psychology, in which the act of remembering is influenced by various other cognitive processes including perception, imagination, semantic memory and beliefs, amongst others.

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Recreational drug use

Recreational drug use is the use of a psychoactive drug to induce an altered state of consciousness for pleasure, by modifying the perceptions, feelings, and emotions of the user.

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Recurrent thalamo-cortical resonance

Recurrent thalamo-cortical resonance is an observed phenomenon of oscillatory neural activity between the thalamus and various cortical regions of the brain.

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Reduplicative paramnesia

Reduplicative paramnesia is the delusional belief that a place or location has been duplicated, existing in two or more places simultaneously, or that it has been 'relocated' to another site.

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Referring expression

In linguistics, a referring expression (RE) is any noun phrase, or surrogate for a noun phrase, whose function in discourse is to identify some individual object.

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Referring expression generation

Referring expression generation(REG) is the subtask of Natural language generation (NLG) that received most scholarly attention.

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Regulatory focus theory

Regulatory focus theory (RFT) is a goal pursuit theoryCesario, J: "Regulatory fit and persuasion: Basic principles and remaining questions", Social and Personality Psychology Compass 2(1) formulated by Columbia University psychology professor and researcher E. Tory Higgins regarding people's perceptions in the decision making process.

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Relational constructivism

Relational constructivism can be perceived as a relational consequence of the radical constructivism.

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Relationship aspect

In psychology and sociology, relationship aspect refers to the quality of interpersonal cooperation in terms of intuitive, emotional and social inner relatedness, which makes people feel connected outside of the content aspect.

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Renaud Barbaras

Renaud Barbaras (born in 1955) is a French contemporary philosopher.

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René Descartes

René Descartes (Latinized: Renatus Cartesius; adjectival form: "Cartesian"; 31 March 1596 – 11 February 1650) was a French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist.

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Renzo Canestrari

Renzo Antonio Bartolomeo Canestrari (August 19, 1924 in Piagge, Italy – January 28, 2017 in Bologna, Italy) was an Italian psychiatrist.

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Resentment

Resentment (also called ranklement or bitterness) is a mixture of disappointment, anger and fear.

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RespectAbility

RespectAbility is an American nonpartisan nonprofit organization dedicated to empowerment and self-advocacy for individuals with disabilities.

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Ricardo Costa (filmmaker)

Ricardo Costa (born 25 January 1940) is a Portuguese film director and producer.

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Richard M. Perloff

Richard M. Perloff is an American academic.

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Richard McKeon

Richard McKeon (April 26, 1900 – March 31, 1985) was an American philosopher and longtime professor at the University of Chicago.

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Rime of the Ancient Mariner (film)

Rime of the Ancient Mariner is a 1975 film by director Raúl daSilva.

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Rivermead post-concussion symptoms questionnaire

The Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire, abbreviated RPQ, is a questionnaire that can be administered to someone who sustains a concussion or other form of traumatic brain injury to measure the severity of symptoms.

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Robert Remez

Robert Remez is an American experimental psychologist, cognitive scientist, theoretician and teacher.

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Robert Vallée

Robert Vallée (5 October 1922 in Poitiers, France – 1 January 2017, Paris, France) was a French cyberneticist and mathematician.

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Roberta Klatzky

Roberta "Bobby Lou" Klatzky is a Professor of Psychology at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU).

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Rod and frame test

The rod and frame test is a psychophysical method of testing perception.

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Roller coaster phobia

Roller coaster phobia is a colloquial and slang term describing an individual's fear of roller coasters.

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Rorschach test

The Rorschach test is a psychological test in which subjects' perceptions of inkblots are recorded and then analyzed using psychological interpretation, complex algorithms, or both.

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Rosemary Opala

Rosemary Opala (née Fielding) (1923–2008) was an Australian artist, writer and nurse, and is regarded for her work as a Queensland environmentalist, historian, social commentator and community activist.

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Rudolf Otto

Rudolf Otto (25 September 1869 – 6 March 1937) was an eminent German Lutheran theologian, philosopher, and comparative religionist.

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Rudolf Steiner

Rudolf Joseph Lorenz Steiner (27 (or 25) February 1861 – 30 March 1925) was an Austrian philosopher, social reformer, architect and esotericist.

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Salience (neuroscience)

The salience (also called saliency) of an item – be it an object, a person, a pixel, etc.

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Salomon Maimon

Salomon Maimon (שלמה מימון‎; 1753 – 22 November 1800) was a German-speaking philosopher, born of Jewish parentage in present-day Belarus.

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Samkhya

Samkhya or Sankhya (सांख्य, IAST) is one of the six āstika schools of Hindu philosophy.

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Samuel Bailey

Samuel Bailey (5 July 1791 – 18 January 1870) was a British philosopher, economist and writer.

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Samuel R. Delany

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Sautrāntika

The Sautrāntika were an early Buddhist school generally believed to be descended from the Sthavira nikāya by way of their immediate parent school, the Sarvāstivādins.

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Savart wheel

The Savart wheel is an acoustical device named after the French physicist Félix Savart (1791–1841), which was originally conceived and developed by the English scientist Robert Hooke (1635–1703).

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Scene (perception)

In the field of perception, a scene is information that can flow from a physical environment into a perceptual system via sensory transduction.

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Scene statistics

Scene statistics is a discipline within the field of perception.

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Schema (Kant)

In Kantian philosophy, a transcendental schema (plural: schemata; from σχῆμα, "form, shape, figure") is the procedural rule by which a category or pure, non-empirical concept is associated with a sense impression.

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Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal social behavior and failure to understand reality.

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Schizotypy

In psychology, schizotypy is a theoretical concept that posits a continuum of personality characteristics and experiences, ranging from normal dissociative, imaginative states to extreme states of mind related to psychosis, especially schizophrenia.

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Scientific visualization

Scientific visualization (also spelled scientific visualisation) is an interdisciplinary branch of science.

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Scientist

A scientist is a person engaging in a systematic activity to acquire knowledge that describes and predicts the natural world.

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Scientology terminology

Scientology terminology consists of a complex assortment of jargon used by Scientologists in conjunction with the practice of Scientology and in their everyday lives.

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Scifaiku

Scifaiku ("science fiction haiku") is a form of science fiction poetry first announced by Tom Brinck with his 1995 Scifaiku Manifesto.

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Scotoma

A scotoma (Greek σκότος/skótos, darkness; plural: scotomas or scotomata) is an area of partial alteration in the field of vision consisting of a partially diminished or entirely degenerated visual acuity that is surrounded by a field of normal – or relatively well-preserved – vision.

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Second-language phonology

The phonology of second languages is different from the phonology of first languages in various ways.

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Secondary consciousness

Secondary consciousness is an individual's accessibility to their history and plans.

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Selective exposure theory

Selective exposure is a theory within the practice of psychology, often used in media and communication research, that historically refers to individuals' tendency to favor information which reinforces their pre-existing views while avoiding contradictory information.

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Selective perception

Selective perception is the tendency not to notice and more quickly forget stimuli that cause emotional discomfort and contradict our prior beliefs.

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Sensate focus

Sensate focus is a sex therapy technique introduced by the Masters and Johnson team.

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Sensation (psychology)

Sensation is the body's detection of external or internal stimulation (e.g., eyes detecting light waves, ears detecting sound waves).

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Sense

A sense is a physiological capacity of organisms that provides data for perception.

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Sense and Sensibilia (Austin)

Sense and Sensibilia is a landmark 1962 work of ordinary language philosophy by J. L. Austin, Professor of Philosophy at the University of Oxford.

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SENSE lab

The full name of SENSE Lab is Sensory Encoding and Neuro- Sensory Engineering Lab in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

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Sense of community

Sense of community (or psychological sense of community) is a concept in community psychology, social psychology, and community social work, as well as in several other research disciplines, such as urban sociology, which focuses on the experience of community rather than its structure, formation, setting, or other features.

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Sensibility

Sensibility refers to an acute perception of or responsiveness toward something, such as the emotions of another.

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Sensorial transposition

Sensorial transposition is a technique used in remote reality to transfer the perception of one sense to another.

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Sensorium

A sensorium (/sɛnˈsɔːrɪəm/) (plural: sensoria) is the sum of an organism's perception, the "seat of sensation" where it experiences and interprets the environments within which it lives.

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Sensory

Sensory may refer to.

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Sensory cue

A sensory cue is a statistic or signal that can be extracted from the sensory input by a perceiver, that indicates the state of some property of the world that the perceiver is interested in perceiving.

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Sensory loss

Many types of sense loss occur due to a dysfunctional sensation process, whether it be ineffective receptors, nerve damage, or cerebral impairment.

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Sensory nervous system

The sensory nervous system is a part of the nervous system responsible for processing sensory information.

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Sensory processing

Sensory processing is the process that organizes sensation from one’s own body and the environment, thus making it possible to use the body effectively within the environment.

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Sensory substitution

Sensory substitution is a change of the characteristics of one sensory modality into stimuli of another sensory modality.

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Sensory systems in fish

Most fish possess highly developed sense organs.

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Sensory threshold

In psychophysics, sensory threshold is the weakest stimulus that an organism can detect.

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Sensory-motor coupling

Sensory-motor coupling is the coupling or integration of the sensory system and motor system.

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Sensualism

Sensualism is the persistent or excessive pursuit of sensual pleasures and interests.

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Sentience

Sentience is the capacity to feel, perceive or experience subjectively.

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Set (psychology)

In psychology, a set is a group of expectations that shape experience by making people especially sensitive to specific kinds of information.

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Seven stages of action

Seven stages of action is a term coined by the usability consultant Donald Norman.

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Sex differences in cognition

Sex differences in cognition, or mental abilities, are widely established in the current scientific literature.

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Sex, Ecology, Spirituality

Sex, Ecology, Spirituality: The Spirit of Evolution is integral philosopher Ken Wilber's 1995 magnum opus.

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Shades of blue

Varieties of the color blue may differ in hue, chroma (also called saturation, intensity, or colorfulness), or lightness (or value, tone, or brightness), or in two or three of these qualities.

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Shades of green

Varieties of the color green may differ in hue, chroma (also called saturation or intensity) or lightness (or value, tone, or brightness), or in two or three of these qualities.

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Shades of purple

There are numerous variations of the color purple, a sampling of which are shown below.

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Shades of red

Varieties of the color red may differ in hue, chroma (also called saturation, intensity, or colorfulness) or lightness (or value, tone, or brightness), or in two or three of these qualities.

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Shades of yellow

Varieties of the color yellow may differ in hue, chroma (also called saturation, intensity, or colorfulness) or lightness (or value, tone, or brightness), or in two or three of these qualities.

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Shelia Guberman

Shelia Guberman, born 25 February 1930, Ukraine, USSR, son of Aizik Guberman (writer, poet) and his wife Etya (teacher).

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Shifting baseline

A shifting baseline (also known as sliding baseline) is a type of change to how a system is measured, usually against previous reference points (baselines), which themselves may represent significant changes from an even earlier state of the system.

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Sia (god)

Sia or Saa, an ancient Egyptian god, was the deification of perception in the Heliopolitan Ennead cosmogony and is probably equivalent to the intellectual energies of the heart of Ptah in the Memphite cosmogeny.

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Sidney S. Culbert

Sidney Spence Culbert (May 14, 1913 – October 28, 2003) was a linguist, psychologist and Esperantist.

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Siegfried Engelmann

Siegfried "Zig" Engelmann (born November 26, 1931) co-developed the approach to instruction termed "Direct Instruction" (DI).

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Siglinde Kallnbach

Siglinde Kallnbach (born in 1956 in Tann, Hesse) is an internationally active German artist.

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Sigmund Exner

Sigmund Exner (also Sigmund Exner, Siegmund Exner-Ewarten, Siegmund Exner Ritter von Ewarten; 5 April 1846 – 5 February 1926) was an Austrian physiologist born in Vienna.

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Signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease

Signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease are varied.

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Simultanagnosia

Simultanagnosia (or simultagnosia) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by the inability of an individual to perceive more than a single object at a time.

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Site analysis

Site analysis is a preliminary phase of architectural and urban design processes dedicated to the study of the climatic, geographical, historical, legal, and infrastructural context of a specific site.

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Situated

In artificial intelligence and cognitive science, the term situated refers to an agent which is embedded in an environment.

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Situated cognition

Situated cognition is a theory that posits that knowing is inseparable from doing by arguing that all knowledge is situated in activity bound to social, cultural and physical contexts.

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Situated robotics

In artificial intelligence and cognitive science, the term situated refers to an agent which is embedded in an environment.

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Situation awareness

Situational awareness or situation awareness (SA) is the perception of environmental elements and events with respect to time or space, the comprehension of their meaning, and the projection of their status after some variable has changed, such as time, or some other variable, such as a predetermined event.

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Sleep state misperception

Sleep state misperception (SSM) is a term in the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD) most commonly used for people who mistakenly perceive their sleep as wakefulness,Minecan, Daniela, and Antonio Culebras.

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Small Pieces Loosely Joined

Small Pieces Loosely Joined: A Unified Theory of the Web is a book by David Weinberger published by Perseus Publishing in 2002.

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Smith & Wesson Model 57

The Smith & Wesson Model 57 is a large frame, double-action revolver with a six round cylinder, chambered for the.41 Magnum cartridge, and designed and manufactured by the Smith & Wesson firearms company.

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Sniffing (behavior)

Sniffing is a perceptually-relevant behavior, defined as the active sampling of odors through the nasal cavity for the purpose of information acquisition.

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Soar (cognitive architecture)

Soar is a cognitive architecture, originally created by John Laird, Allen Newell, and at Carnegie Mellon University.

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Social anxiety disorder

Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, is an anxiety disorder characterized by a significant amount of fear in one or more social situations, causing considerable distress and impaired ability to function in at least some parts of daily life.

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Social influence

Social influence occurs when a person's emotions, opinions, or behaviors are affected by others.

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Social norms approach

The social norms approach, or social norms marketing, is an environmental strategy gaining ground in health campaigns.

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Social psychology

Social psychology is the study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others.

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Social rejection

Social rejection occurs when an individual is deliberately excluded from a social relationship or social interaction.

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Soldier at a Game of Chess

Soldier at a Game of Chess (in French Soldat jouant aux échecs, or Le Soldat à la partie d'échecs, also referred to as Joueur d'échecs), is a painting by the French artist Jean Metzinger.

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Somatocentrism

Somatocentrism is a cultural value system in which biological determinism is the basis for social organization.

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Sone

The sone is a unit of loudness, how loud a sound is perceived.

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Sonic interaction design

Sonic interaction design is the study and exploitation of sound as one of the principal channels conveying information, meaning, and aesthetic/emotional qualities in interactive contexts.

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Sorites paradox

The sorites paradox (sometimes known as the paradox of the heap) is a paradox that arises from vague predicates.

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Space

Space is the boundless three-dimensional extent in which objects and events have relative position and direction.

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Space in landscape design

Space in landscape design refers to theories about the meaning and nature of space as a volume and as an element of design.

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Spatiotemporal pattern

Spatialtemporal patterns are patterns that occur in a wide range of natural phenoma and are characterized by a spatial and a temporal patterning.

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Special education

Special education (also known as special needs education, aided education, exceptional education or Special Ed) is the practice of educating students with an IEP or Section 504 in a way that addresses their individual differences and needs.

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Special senses

In medicine and anatomy, the special senses are the senses that have specialized organs devoted to them.

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Specialty (medicine)

A specialty, or speciality, in medicine is a branch of medical practice.

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Specious present

The specious present is the time duration wherein one's perceptions are considered to be in the present.

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Speech and language impairment

Speech and language impairment are basic categories that might be drawn in issues of communication involve hearing, speech, language, and fluency.

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Speech perception

Speech perception is the process by which the sounds of language are heard, interpreted and understood.

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Speech science

Speech science refers to the study of production, transmission and perception of speech.

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Spencer Finch

Spencer Finch (born 1962 in New Haven, Connecticut) is an American artist.

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Speusippus

Speusippus (Σπεύσιππος; c. 408 – 339/8 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher.

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Spinal nerve

A spinal nerve is a mixed nerve, which carries motor, sensory, and autonomic signals between the spinal cord and the body.

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Spring Breakers

Spring Breakers is a 2012 American crime film written and directed by Harmony Korine.

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Stereo display

A stereo display (also 3D display) is a display device capable of conveying depth perception to the viewer by means of stereopsis for binocular vision.

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Steven Pinker

Steven Arthur Pinker (born September 18, 1954) is a Canadian-American cognitive psychologist, linguist, and popular science author.

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Stevens's power law

Stevens's power law is a proposed relationship between the magnitude of a physical stimulus and its perceived intensity or strength.

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Stimulus (psychology)

In psychology, a stimulus is any object or event that elicits a sensory or behavioral response in an organism.

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Stimulus modality

Stimulus modality, also called sensory modality, is one aspect of a stimulus or what we perceive after a stimulus.

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Stimulus–response compatibility

Stimulus–response (S–R) compatibility is the degree to which a person's perception of the world is compatible with the required action.

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Stoic physics

Stoic physics is the natural philosophy adopted by the Stoic philosophers of ancient Greece and Rome used to explain the natural processes at work in the universe.

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Storytelling

Storytelling describes the social and cultural activity of sharing stories, sometimes with improvisation, theatrics, or embellishment.

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Strategist

A strategist is a person with responsibility for the formulation and implementation of a strategy.

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Structural information theory

Structural information theory (SIT) is a theory about human perception and in particular about visual perceptual organization, which is the neuro-cognitive process that enables us to perceive scenes as structured wholes consisting of objects arranged in space.

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Stuart Appelle

Stuart Appelle (April 3, 1946 – June 27, 2011) was a professor and writer, with an interest in topics dealing with anomalous perception, including hypnotic experience, and reports of unidentified flying objects and alien abduction.

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Stuart Wilde

Stuart Wilde (24 September 1946 – 1 May 2013) was a British writer.

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Subfields of psychology

Psychology encompasses a vast domain, and includes many different approaches to the study of mental processes and behavior.

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Subjective constancy

Subjective constancy or perceptual constancy is the perception of an object or quality as constant even though our sensation of the object changes.

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Subjective well-being

Subjective well-being (SWB) is a self-reported measure of well-being, typically obtained by questionnaire.

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Subliminal stimuli

Subliminal stimuli (the prefix sup- literally "below, or less than", while the prefix sub- literally "up to"), contrary to supraliminal stimuli or "above threshold", are any sensory stimuli below an individual's threshold for conscious perception.

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Suffering

Suffering, or pain in a broad sense, may be an experience of unpleasantness and aversion associated with the perception of harm or threat of harm in an individual.

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Summum

Summum is a religion and philosophy that began in 1975 as a result of American citizen Claude "Corky" Nowell's claimed encounter with beings he described as "Summa Individuals".

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Suppressed correlative

The fallacy of suppressed correlative is a type of argument that tries to redefine a correlative (one of two mutually exclusive options) so that one alternative encompasses the other, i.e. making one alternative impossible.

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Susan Walters

Susan Walters (born September 28, 1963) is an American actress and former model, best known for her roles as Lorna Forbes on the ABC daytime soap opera Loving from 1983 to late 1986 and as Diane Jenkins on the CBS soap opera The Young and the Restless from 2001 to 2004, and again briefly in 2010.

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Susanna Schellenberg

Susanna Schellenberg is a philosopher specializing in epistemology, philosophy of mind, and philosophy of language.

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Sustainable fishery

A conventional idea of a sustainable fishery is that it is one that is harvested at a sustainable rate, where the fish population does not decline over time because of fishing practices.

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Sweetness

Sweetness is a basic taste most commonly perceived when eating foods rich in sugars.

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Symbolic behavior

Symbolic behavior is “a person’s capacity to respond to or use a system of significant symbols” (Faules & Alexander, 1978, p. 5).

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Systems theory

Systems theory is the interdisciplinary study of systems.

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Tabula rasa

Tabula rasa refers to the epistemological idea that individuals are born without built-in mental content and that therefore all knowledge comes from experience or perception.

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Tactile hallucination

Tactile hallucination is the false perception of tactile sensory input that creates a hallucinatory sensation of physical contact with an imaginary object.

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Tangible symbol systems

Tangible symbols are a type of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) that uses objects or pictures that share a perceptual relationship with the items they represent as symbols.

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Taste confusion matrix

Taste Confusion Matrix (TCM) is a method in which many compounds are tested at the same time.

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Tehmina Sunny

Tehmina Sunny, Born London, England is an English actress.

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Tektology

Tektology (sometimes transliterated as "tectology") is a term used by Alexander Bogdanov to describe a discipline that consisted of unifying all social, biological and physical sciences by considering them as systems of relationships and by seeking the organizational principles that underlie all systems.

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Telepathy

Telepathy (from the Greek τῆλε, tele meaning "distant" and πάθος, pathos or -patheia meaning "feeling, perception, passion, affliction, experience") is the purported transmission of information from one person to another without using any known human sensory channels or physical interaction.

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Texture synthesis

Texture synthesis is the process of algorithmically constructing a large digital image from a small digital sample image by taking advantage of its structural content.

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The Adapted Mind

The Adapted Mind: Evolutionary Psychology and the Generation of Culture is a 1992 book edited by the anthropologist Jerome H. Barkow, the psychologist Leda Cosmides and the anthropologist John Tooby.

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The Astonishing Hypothesis

The Astonishing Hypothesis is a 1994 book by scientist Francis Crick about consciousness.

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The Book of Healing

The Book of Healing (Arabic: کتاب الشفاء Kitāb al-Šifāʾ, Latin: Sufficientia) is a scientific and philosophical encyclopedia written by Abū Alī ibn Sīnā (Avicenna) from ancient Persia, near Bukhara in Greater Khorasan.

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The Human Face

The Human Face is a 4-part BBC series that examines the science behind facial beauty, expression, and fame.

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The Journals of Gerontology

The Journals of Gerontology are the first scientific journals on aging published in the United States.

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The Librarian (franchise)

The Librarian is a series of made-for-TV original fantasy-adventure movies from Turner Network Television, starring Noah Wyle as The Librarian who protects a secret collection of artifacts.

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The Librarians (2014 TV series)

The Librarians is an American fantasy-adventure television series developed by John Rogers and broadcast on TNT, which premiered on December 7, 2014.

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The Marriage of Sense and Soul

The Marriage of Sense and Soul: Integrating Science and Religion is a 1998 book by American author Ken Wilber.

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The Missing Shade of Blue

"The Missing Shade of Blue" is an example introduced by the Scottish philosopher David Hume to show that it is at least conceivable that the mind can generate an idea without first being exposed to the relevant sensory experience.

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The Philosophy of Freedom

The Philosophy of Freedom is the fundamental philosophical work of the philosopher and esotericist Rudolf Steiner (1861–1925).

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The Roots of Reference

The Roots of Reference is a 1974 book by philosopher Willard Van Orman Quine, in which the author expands on his earlier concepts about the inscrutability of reference and examines problems with traditional empiricism, arguing for a naturalized epistemology based on holism.

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The Scarlet Letter (2004 film)

The Scarlet Letter is a 2004 South Korean film about a police detective who investigates a murder case while struggling to hang onto his relationships with his wife and mistress.

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The Sensational Past

The Sensational Past: How the Enlightenment Changed the Way We Use Our Senses is a 2017 book by Carolyn Purnell on Enlightenment-era history of the senses.

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The Sense of Beauty

The Sense of Beauty is a book on aesthetics by George Santayana.

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The Skeptic's Dictionary

The Skeptic's Dictionary is a collection of cross-referenced skeptical essays by Robert Todd Carroll, published on his website skepdic.com and in a printed book.

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The Society of the Spectacle

The Society of the Spectacle (La société du spectacle) is a 1967 work of philosophy and Marxist critical theory by Guy Debord, in which the author develops and presents the concept of the Spectacle.

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The Transcendentalist

The Transcendentalist is a lecture and essay by American writer and thinker Ralph Waldo Emerson.

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The Visualization Handbook

The Visualization Handbook is a textbook by Charles D. Hansen and Christopher R. Johnson that serves as a survey of the field of scientific visualization by presenting the basic concepts and algorithms in addition to a current review of visualization research topics and tools.

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The Walls Came Tumbling Down

The Walls Came Tumbling Down is a film script written by author Robert Anton Wilson, first published in book form in 1997.

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Theaetetus (dialogue)

The Theaetetus (Θεαίτητος) is one of Plato's dialogues concerning the nature of knowledge, written circa 369 BC.

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Theoretical linguistics

For|the journal|Theoretical Linguistics (journal) Multiple issues| one source|date.

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Theory of indispensable attributes

The theory of indispensable attributes (TIA) is a theory in the context of perceptual organisation which asks for the functional units and elementary features that are relevant for a perceptual system in the constitution of perceptual objects.

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Theory of knowledge (IB course)

Theory of knowledge is a required subject in the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme.

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Thiamine deficiency

Thiamine deficiency is a medical condition of low levels of thiamine (vitamin B1).

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Thomas Reid

Thomas Reid DD FRSE (26 April 1710 – 7 October 1796) was a religiously-trained British philosopher, a contemporary of David Hume as well as "Hume's earliest and fiercest critic".

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Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous

Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous, or simply Three Dialogues, is a 1713 book on metaphysics and idealism written by George Berkeley.

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Threshold of pain

The threshold of pain or pain threshold is the point along a curve of increasing perception of a stimulus at which pain begins to be felt.

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Throwing Like a Girl: A Phenomenology of Feminine Body Comportment Motility and Spatiality

"Throwing like a Girl: A Phenomenology of Feminine Body Comportment Motility and Spatiality" is a 1980 essay by political philosopher and feminist Iris Marion Young, which looks at differences in feminine and masculine movement norms in the context of a gendered and embodied phenomenological perspective.

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Timaeus (dialogue)

Timaeus (Timaios) is one of Plato's dialogues, mostly in the form of a long monologue given by the title character Timaeus of Locri, written c. 360 BC.

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Time

Time is the indefinite continued progress of existence and events that occur in apparently irreversible succession from the past through the present to the future.

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Time perception

Time perception is a field of study within psychology, cognitive linguistics and neuroscience that refers to the subjective experience, or sense, of time, which is measured by someone's own perception of the duration of the indefinite and unfolding of events.

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Timeline of artificial intelligence

This is a timeline of artificial intelligence.

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Timeline of psychology

This article is a general timeline of psychology.

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Todd's paresis

Todd's paresis, Todd's paralysis, or Todd's palsy (or postictal paresis/paralysis, "after seizure") is focal weakness in a part of the body after a seizure.

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Tom Regan

Tom Regan (November 28, 1938 – February 17, 2017) was an American philosopher who specialized in animal rights theory.

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Tomás Maldonado

Tomás Maldonado (born 25 April 1922) is an Argentine painter, designer and thinker, considered one of the main theorists of design theory of the legendary Ulm Model, a design philosophy developed during his tenure (1954–1967) at the Ulm School of Design (Hochschule für Gestaltung – HfG) in Germany.

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Tonic vibration reflex

Tonic vibration reflex is a sustained contraction of a muscle subjected to vibration.

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Top-down and bottom-up design

Top-down and bottom-up are both strategies of information processing and knowledge ordering, used in a variety of fields including software, humanistic and scientific theories (see systemics), and management and organization.

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Touching the Elephant (radio programme)

Touching the Elephant was a BBC documentary about perception, first broadcast on 16 April 1997, in which four blind people encounter an elephant.

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Tractatus de Intellectus Emendatione

Tractatus de Intellectus Emendatione (TIE) or On the Improvement of the Understanding is a seventeenth-century unfinished work of philosophy by the 17th century philosopher Baruch Spinoza, published posthumously in 1677.

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Trance

Trance denotes any state of awareness or consciousness other than normal waking consciousness.

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Tranquillity

Tranquillity (also spelled tranquility) is the quality or state of being tranquil; that is, calm, serene, and worry-free.

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Transactive memory

Transactive memory is a psychological hypothesis first proposed by Daniel Wegner in 1985 as a response to earlier theories of "group mind" such as groupthink.

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Transcendental perspectivism

Transcendental perspectivism is a hybrid philosophy developed by German-born philosopher, Werner Krieglstein.

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Transgenerational design

Transgenerational design is the practice of making products and environments compatible with those physical and sensory impairments associated with human aging and which limit major activities of daily living.

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Transparency (data compression)

In data compression and psychoacoustics, transparency is the result of lossy data compression accurate enough that the compressed result is perceptually indistinguishable from the uncompressed input.

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Turiya

In Hindu philosophy, turiya (Sanskrit: तुरीय, meaning "the fourth") or caturiya, chaturtha, is pure consciousness.

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Ulric Neisser

Ulric Gustav Neisser (December 8, 1928 – February 17, 2012) was a German-born American psychologist and member of the US National Academy of Sciences. He has been referred to as the "father of cognitive psychology." Neisser researched and wrote about perception and memory.

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Unconscious cognition

Unconscious cognition is the processing of perception, memory, learning, thought, and language without being aware of it.

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Underinsurance (healthcare)

Underinsurance is the state of an individual having some form of health insurance that does not offer complete financial protection.

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Understanding

Understanding is a psychological process related to an abstract or physical object, such as a person, situation, or message whereby one is able to think about it and use concepts to deal adequately with that object.

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Unified Theories of Cognition

Unified Theories of Cognition is a 1990 book by Allen Newell.

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Universal design

Universal design (close relation to inclusive design) refers to broad-spectrum ideas meant to produce buildings, products and environments that are inherently accessible to older people, people without disabilities, and people with disabilities.

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Universal reason

The idea of a Universal reason implies an underpinning system of perception and conception of all forms of complexity.

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Università dell'Immagine

Università dell'Immagine, (also known as "UI") was the post-secondary training school of Fondazione Industria Onlus Milan, a non-profit organization founded by the photographer Fabrizio Ferri.

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Unobservable

An unobservable (also called impalpable) is an entity whose existence, nature, properties, qualities or relations are not directly observable by humans.

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Unweaving the Rainbow

Unweaving the Rainbow: Science, Delusion and the Appetite for Wonder is a 1998 book by Richard Dawkins, in which the author discusses the relationship between science and the arts from the perspective of a scientist.

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Up-down cues

Up-down cues are human sensory cues built into an environment to indicate which direction is "up", even if "up" is arbitrary.

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Usability engineering

Usability engineering is a field that is concerned generally with human-computer interaction and specifically with devising human-computer interfaces that have high usability or user friendliness.

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Vaisheshika

Vaisheshika or (वैशेषिक) is one of the six orthodox schools of Hindu philosophy (Vedic systems) from ancient India.

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Van Hare Effect

The Van Hare Effect is a 3D stereoscopic viewing technique for creating or enhancing the illusion of depth in an image by means of stereopsis for binocular vision using psychophysical percepts.

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Vasubandhu

Vasubandhu (Sanskrit) (fl. 4th to 5th century CE) was a very influential Buddhist monk and scholar from Gandhara.

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Vavilovian mimicry

Vavilovian mimicry (also crop mimicry or weed mimicry) is a form of mimicry in plants where a weed comes to share one or more characteristics with a domesticated plant through generations of artificial selection.

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VDA 6.1

VDA 6.1 is a German quality management system standard.

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Venus effect

The Venus effect is a phenomenon in the psychology of perception, named after various paintings of Venus gazing into a mirror, such as Diego Velázquez's Rokeby Venus, Titian's Venus with a Mirror, and Veronese's Venus with a mirror.

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Vernon Benjamin Mountcastle

Vernon Benjamin Mountcastle (July 15, 1918 – January 11, 2015) was Professor Emeritus of Neuroscience at Johns Hopkins University.

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Very Short Introductions

Very Short Introductions (VSI) are a book series published by the Oxford University Press (OUP).

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Vienna Test System

The Vienna Test System (VTS) is a test system for computerized psychological assessments.

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Vignette (psychology)

A vignette in psychological and sociological experiments presents a hypothetical situation, to which research participants respond thereby revealing their perceptions, values, social norms or impressions of events.

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Vijñāna

Vijñāna (Sanskrit) or viññāa (Pāli)As is standard in WP articles, the Pali term viññāa will be used when discussing the Pali literature, and the Sanskrit word vijñāna will be used when referring to either texts chronologically subsequent to the Pali canon or when discussing the topic broadly, in terms of both Pali and non-Pali texts.

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Virgil Nemoianu

Virgil Nemoianu (born March 12, 1940) is a Romanian-American essayist, literary critic, and philosopher of culture.

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Vision science

Vision science is the scientific study of vision.

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Visionary

Defined broadly, a visionary is one who can envision the future.

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Visual acuity

Visual acuity (VA) commonly refers to the clarity of vision.

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Visual capture

In psychology, visual capture is the dominance of vision over other sense modalities in creating a percept.

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Visual language

The visual language is a system of communication using visual elements.

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Visual looming syndrome

Visual looming syndrome is a problem with visual perception that causes people to inaccurately think that a stationary object is moving towards them, and might poke their eyes.

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Visual modularity

In cognitive neuroscience, visual modularity is an organizational concept concerning how vision works.

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Visual neuroscience

Visual Neuroscience is a branch of neuroscience that focuses on the visual system of the human body, mainly located in the brain's visual cortex.

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Visual perception

Visual perception is the ability to interpret the surrounding environment using light in the visible spectrum reflected by the objects in the environment.

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Visual search

Visual search is a type of perceptual task requiring attention that typically involves an active scan of the visual environment for a particular object or feature (the target) among other objects or features (the distractors).

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Visual short-term memory

In the study of vision, visual short-term memory (VSTM) is one of three broad memory systems including iconic memory and long-term memory.

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Visual space

Visual space is the perceptual space housing the visual world being experienced by an aware observer; it is the subjective counterpart of the space of physical objects before an observer's eyes.

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Visual system

The visual system is the part of the central nervous system which gives organisms the ability to process visual detail, as well as enabling the formation of several non-image photo response functions.

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Vita-Salute San Raffaele University

The Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele Also known as UniSR) is a private university in Milan, Italy.

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Vito Fazio Allmayer

Vito Fazio Allmayer (Palermo, 21 November 1885 – Pisa, 14 April 1958) was an Italian philosopher, pedagogist and university teacher.

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W. A. H. Rushton

William Albert Hugh Rushton FRS (8 December 1901 – 21 June 1980) was professor of Physiology at Trinity College, Cambridge.

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Watercolor illusion

The watercolor illusion, also referred to as the water-color effect, is an optical illusion in which a white area takes on a pale tint of a thin, bright, intensely colored polygon surrounding it if the coloured polygon is itself surrounded by a thin, darker border (Figures 1 and 2).

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Watson (computer)

Watson is a question-answering computer system capable of answering questions posed in natural language, developed in IBM's DeepQA project by a research team led by principal investigator David Ferrucci.

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Weak central coherence theory

The weak central coherence theory (WCC), also called the central coherence theory (CC), suggests that a specific perceptual-cognitive style, loosely described as a limited ability to understand context or to "see the big picture", underlies the central disturbance in autism and related autism spectrum disorders.

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Wei Ji Ma

Wei Ji Ma (Dutch: Whee Ky; Chinese: 马伟基) is an Associate Professor at New York University in the Department of Psychology and the Center for Neural Science.

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Well-being contributing factors

Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.

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Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience

The Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (CIN) is the common platform for systems neuroscience at the University of Tübingen in Germany.

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Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association

Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association (WIOMSA) is a regional professional, non-governmental, non-profit, membership organization, registered in Zanzibar, Tanzania.

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Wild Blood (novel)

Wild Blood (1999) is a fantasy novel by Kate Thompson.

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Wilhelm Wundt

Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (16 August 1832 – 31 August 1920) was a German physician, physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known today as one of the founding figures of modern psychology.

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Will Holland

William "Will" Holland is a musician, DJ and record producer from Bewdley, Worcestershire.

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William Ennis Thomson

William Ennis Thomson (born 1927) is an American music educator at the collegiate level, music theorist, composer, former Music School Dean and Professor at the Thornton School of Music, University of Southern California from 1980 to 1992.

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William James

William James (January 11, 1842 – August 26, 1910) was an American philosopher and psychologist, and the first educator to offer a psychology course in the United States.

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Wine accessory

A wine accessory is generally any equipment that may be used in the storing or serving of wine.

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Wine fault

A wine fault or defect is an unpleasant characteristic of a wine often resulting from poor winemaking practices or storage conditions, and leading to wine spoilage.

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Wishful thinking

Wishful thinking is the formation of beliefs and making decisions according to what might be pleasing to imagine instead of by appealing to evidence, rationality, or reality.

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WNK1

WNK (lysine deficient protein kinase 1), also known as WNK1, is an enzyme that is encoded by the WNK1 gene.

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Wolfgang Dietrich (political scientist)

Wolfgang Dietrich (born 13 September 1956 in Tyrol) is an Austrian peace researcher and political scientist.

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Wolfgang Prinz

Wolfgang Prinz (born 24 September 1942) is a German cognitive psychologist.

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Word learning biases

Word learning biases are certain biases or assumptions that allow children to quickly rule out unlikely alternatives in order to effectively process and learn word meanings.

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Work motivation

Work motivation "is a set of energetic forces that originate both within as well as beyond an individual's being, to initiate work-related behavior, and to determine its form, direction, intensity, and duration"Pinder, C. C.(2008).

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World Access for the Blind

World Access for the Blind (WAFTB) is an international non-profit, non-governmental and educational organisation based in California, US.

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World line

The world line (or worldline) of an object is the path that object traces in -dimensional spacetime.

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World view

A world view or worldview is the fundamental cognitive orientation of an individual or society encompassing the whole of the individual's or society's knowledge and point of view.

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Xenophobia

Xenophobia is the fear and distrust of that which is perceived to be foreign or strange.

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Xuanzang

Xuanzang (fl. c. 602 – 664) was a Chinese Buddhist monk, scholar, traveller, and translator who travelled to India in the seventh century and described the interaction between Chinese Buddhism and Indian Buddhism during the early Tang dynasty.

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Yolmo language

Yolmo (Hyolmo),or Helambu Sherpa, is the native Tibeto-Burman language of the Hyolmo of south-central Nepal.

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YUV

YUV is a color encoding system typically used as part of a color image pipeline.

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Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance

Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance: An Inquiry into Values (ZAMM), by Robert M. Pirsig, is a book that was first published in 1974.

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Zeno of Citium

Zeno of Citium (Ζήνων ὁ Κιτιεύς, Zēnōn ho Kitieus; c. 334 – c. 262 BC) was a Hellenistic thinker from Citium (Κίτιον, Kition), Cyprus, and probably of Phoenician descent.

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Zeraphine

Zeraphine is a gothic alternative rock band from Berlin, Germany, formed in 2000 by Sven Friedrich (vocals, programming, lead song writing) and Norman Selbig (guitars) from the then-defunct Dreadful Shadows.

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Zoophilia

Zoophilia is a paraphilia involving a sexual fixation on non-human animals.

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Distal object, Distal stimulus, Human perception, Imperceptible, Perceive, Perceived, Perceives, Perceiving, Percept, Perceptibility, Perceptible, Perception (psychology), Perceptions, Percepts, Perceptual, Proximal stimulus, Psychology of perception, Sensory perception.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perception