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278 relations: Ahmed III, Albanians of Romania, Alecu Filipescu-Vulpea, Alexander Hangerli, Alexander Karatheodori Pasha, Alexander Mourouzis, Alexander Ypsilantis, Alexander Ypsilantis (1725–1805), Alexandra Mavrokordatou, Alexandra of Yugoslavia, Alexandrina Cantacuzino, Alexandros Kantakouzinos, Alexandros Mavrokordatos, Alexandros Rizos Rangavis, Alexandros Soutsos, Alexandros Soutzos, Alexandros Zaimis, Alexandru B. Știrbei, Alexandru Callimachi, Alexandru Hrisoverghi, Alexandru Ioan Cuza, Alexandru Macedonski, Alexandru Sturdza, Andronikos Kantakouzenos (1553–1601), Annunciation Church, Iași, Anthim the Iberian, Anti-Greek sentiment, Antiochian Greek Christians, Anton Pann, Arbanasi (Veliko Tarnovo), Archbishopric of Ohrid, Archdiocese of Râmnic, Arsenije IV Jovanović Šakabenta, Aspasia Manos, Atanasije II Gavrilović, Background of the Greek War of Independence, Batiștei Church, Börek, Blagoevgrad Province, Bogdan Saray, Bosporus Germans, Boyar, Bucharest, Bukovina, Bulgarian Exarchate, Bulgarian Millet, Bulgarians, Calea Victoriei, Callimachi family, Cantacuzino family, ..., Caradja, Caragea's plague, Carol Victor, Hereditary Prince of Albania, Claymoor (Mișu Văcărescu), Clemens Krauss, Conachi family, Constantin Brâncoveanu, Constantin Cantemir, Constantin Gane, Constantin Rădulescu-Motru, Constantine Hangerli, Constantine Mavrocordatos, Constantine Mourouzis, Constantine Ypsilantis, Constantinople massacre of 1821, Craiovești, Culture of Romania, Danube–Black Sea Canal, Danubian Principalities, Davicion Bally, Dealul Spirii, Decolonization, Demetrios Ypsilantis, Dimitrie Cantemir, Dimitrios Katartzis, Dimitrios Rallis, Dimitrios Soutsos, Dinicu Golescu, Dionisie Fotino, Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, Doina Ruști, Dominant minority, Dragoman, Duiliu Zamfirescu, Dumitru C. Moruzi, Early Greek parties, Early Modern Romania, East–West Schism, Eastern Orthodoxy in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Echos, Eliza Soutsou, Ellinoglosso Xenodocheio, Emanuel Giani Ruset, English Party, Eugen Barbu, Ștefan Cantacuzino, Fall of Constantinople, Fener, Filiki Eteria, First Athenian School, First Constitutional Era, First National Assembly at Epidaurus, Flag and coat of arms of Moldavia, Gavriil Antonovich Katakazi, Geographia Neoteriki, George Barbu Știrbei, George Murnu, Georgios Rallis, Gheorghe Asachi, Gheorghe Bibescu, Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino, Gheorghe Lazăr, Ghica family, Great Fire of Bucharest, Greece, Greece–Romania relations, Greece–Serbia relations, Greek diaspora, Greek heraldry, Greek language question, Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch, Greek shipping, Greek War of Independence, Greek–Romanian Non-Aggression and Arbitration Pact, Greeks, Greeks in Romania, Greeks in Turkey, Grigore Alexandru Ghica, Grigore III Ghica, Grigore IV Ghica, Hagiopolitan Octoechos, Hellenistic Judaism, Herăstrău Park, Historical Romanian ranks and titles, History of Bucharest, History of the Cyclades, History of the Eastern Orthodox Church, History of the Eastern Orthodox Church under the Ottoman Empire, History of the Jews in Romania, Horace François Bastien Sébastiani de La Porta, Hospodar, Hrizea of Bogdănei, Iancu Jianu, Iancu Văcărescu, Ioan C. Filitti, Ioan Manu, Ioan Sturdza, Ion Heliade Rădulescu, Ion Luca Caragiale, Ionică Tăutu, Ioniță Cuza, Islam in Romania, Istanbul pogrom, Jean Alexandre Vaillant, Jean Karadja Pasha, Joannicius III of Constantinople, John Caradja, John Komnenos Molyvdos, Joseph Sokolsky, July Theses, Kalinik II, Kantakouzenos, Kaymakam, Kir Ianulea, Kodjabashis, Koinon of the Zagorisians, Konstantin Katakazi, Konstantinos Amantos, Konstantinos Karatheodoris, Konstantinos Mousouros, Lazăr Șăineanu, Léon d'Ymbault, Leon Tomșa, List of historic Greek countries and regions, List of Pontic Greeks, List of Romanian coats of arms, List of rulers of Moldavia, List of rulers of Wallachia, List of shortest-reigning monarchs, Lucca Vaya, Lucrețiu Pătrășcanu, Lykourgos Logothetis, Manele, Manos family, Maria of Mangup, Marițica Bibescu, Markos Antonios Katsaitis, Massacres during the Greek War of Independence, Mavrocordatos family, Michael Drakos Soutzos, Michael Soutzos, Mihai Racoviță, Mihail Kogălniceanu, Mihail Orleanu, Miladinov brothers, Millet (Ottoman Empire), Modern Greek Enlightenment, Mojsije Putnik, Moldavia, Mourouzis family, Nasîhat, National awakening of Romania, Nenano, Neobyzantine Octoechos, Neophytus VI of Constantinople, Nicholas Mavrocordatos, Nicholas Mavrogenes, Nicolae Caradja, Nicolae Fleva, Nicolae Iorga, Nobility, Obsessive decade, Oltenia, Osman Pazvantoğlu, Ottoman Greece, Paharnic, Panagiotis Nikousios, Panagiotis Soutsos, Pantazi Ghica, Papadic Octoechos, Patriarchate of Peć (monastery), Patrick Leigh Fermor, Pârvu Cantacuzino, Păstorel Teodoreanu, Penelope Delta, Petrache Poenaru, Petros Peloponnesios, Phanar Greek Orthodox College, Pompiliu Eliade, Popești-Leordeni, Prince Charles Louis, Duke of Chartres, Princess Sophie of Albania, Prut, Pruth River Campaign, Racoviță, Radu Leon, Radu Rosetti, Rallou Karatza, Regulamentul Organic, Rigas Feraios, Rise of nationalism in the Ottoman Empire, Romania in the Middle Ages, Romania–Russia relations, Romanian literature, Românul, Roxandra Sturdza, Rum Millet, Scarlat Callimachi, Secularization of monastic estates in Romania, Senate of Western Continental Greece, Serb volunteers in the Greek War of Independence, Serbian Orthodox Church, Slavery in Romania, Socola Monastery, Sophia of Prussia, Sophronius of Vratsa, Soutzos family, Sudiți, Symbols of Romanian Royalty, The Iron Candlestick, Theodoros Negris, Timeline of modern Greek history, Timeline of Romanian history, Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca, Tudor Vladimirescu, Tzavaras, Urmuz, Varieties of Modern Greek, Vasile Pogor, Văcărescu family, Vitsa, Vlastos, Wallachia, Wallachian princely election, 1842, Wallachian uprising of 1821, Ypsilantis, Yves Mourousi, Zagori. Expand index (228 more) »
Ahmed III
Ahmed III (Ottoman Turkish: احمد ثالث, Aḥmed-i sālis) (30/31 December 16731 July 1736) was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and a son of Sultan Mehmed IV (r. 1648–87).
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Albanians of Romania
The Albanians (Shqiptarë in Albanian, Albanezi in Romanian) are an ethnic minority in Romania.
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Alecu Filipescu-Vulpea
Alecu Filipescu-Vulpea, also known as Aleco Filipescul, Alecsandru R. Filipescu or Alexandru Răducanu Filipescu (1775 – November 1856), was a Wallachian administrator and high-ranking boyar, who played an important part in the politics of the late Phanariote era and of the Regulamentul Organic regime.
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Alexander Hangerli
Alexander Hangerli or Handjeri (Alexandre Handjeri, Alexandru Hangerli or Hangerliu, Russian: Александр Ханжерли, Aleksandr Hanzherli, Александр Хангерли, Aleksandr Hangerli or Александру Хангерли, Aleksandru Hangerli; died June 12, 1854) was a Phanariote Greek Dragoman of the Ottoman Empire, and Prince of Moldavia between March 7 and July 24, 1807.
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Alexander Karatheodori Pasha
Alexander Karatheodori Pasha (Αλέξανδρος Καραθεοδωρής; 1833–1906) was an Ottoman Greek statesman.
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Alexander Mourouzis
Alexander Mourouzis (Αλέξανδρος Μουρούζης; Alexandru Moruzi; died 1816) was a Grand Dragoman of the Ottoman Empire who served as Prince of Moldavia and Prince of Wallachia.
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Alexander Ypsilantis
Alexander Ypsilantis, Ypsilanti, or Alexandros Ypsilantis (Αλέξανδρος Υψηλάντης Alexandros Yipsilantis; Alexandru Ipsilanti; Александр Константинович Ипсиланти Aleksandr Konstantinovich Ipsilanti; 12 December 179231 January 1828), was a member of a prominent Phanariot Greek family, a prince of the Danubian Principalities, a senior officer of the Imperial Russian cavalry during the Napoleonic Wars, and a leader of the Filiki Eteria, a secret organization that coordinated the beginning of the Greek War of Independence against the Ottoman Empire.
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Alexander Ypsilantis (1725–1805)
Alexander Ypsilantis (Αλέξανδρος Υψηλάντης Alexandros Ypsilantis, Alexandru Ipsilanti; 1725–1805) was a Greek Voivode (Prince) of Wallachia from 1775 to 1782, and again from 1796 to 1797, and also Voivode (Prince) of Moldavia from 1786 to 1788.
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Alexandra Mavrokordatou
Alexandra Mavrokordatou (Αλεξάνδρα Μαυροκορδάτου; 1605–1684) was a famous Greek intellectual and salonist.
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Alexandra of Yugoslavia
Alexandra of Greece and Denmark (Αλεξάνδρα, Александра/Aleksandra; 25 March 1921 – 30 January 1993) was, by marriage to King Peter II, the last Queen of Yugoslavia.
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Alexandrina Cantacuzino
Alexandrina "Didina" Cantacuzino (born Alexandrina Pallady, also known as Alexandrina Grigore Cantacuzino; Francized Alexandrine Cantacuzène; September 20, 1876 – late 1944) was a Romanian political activist, philanthropist and diplomat, one of her country's leading feminists in the 1920s and '30s.
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Alexandros Kantakouzinos
Alexandru Cantacuzino-Deleanu or Alexandros Kantakouzinos (Αλέξανδρος Καντακουζηνός: 1787 in Iași, Moldavia – 1841 in Athens, Greece) was a Phanariote Romanian-Greek magnate and politician.
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Alexandros Mavrokordatos
Alexandros Mavrokordatos (Αλέξανδρος Μαυροκορδάτος; February 11, 1791August 18, 1865) was a Greek statesman and member of the Mavrocordatos family of Phanariotes.
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Alexandros Rizos Rangavis
Alexandros Rizos Rangavis or Alexander Rizos Rakgabis" (Αλέξανδρος Ρίζος Ραγκαβής; Alexandre Rizos Rangabé; 27 December 180928 June 1892), was a Greek man of letters, poet and statesman.
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Alexandros Soutsos
Alexandros Soutsos (Ἀλέξανδρος Σοῦτσος) (1803–1863) was a Greek poet from a prominent Phanariote family.
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Alexandros Soutzos
Alexandros Soutzos (1758 – January 18/19, 1821, Bucharest) was a Phanariote Greek who ruled as Prince of Moldavia (July 10, 1801 – October 1, 1802 and Prince of Wallachia (July 2, 1802 – August 30, 1802; August 24, 1806 – October 15, 1806; December 1806; November 17, 1818 – January 19, 1821). Born in Constantinople, he had earlier been Grand Dragoman of the Ottoman Empire.
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Alexandros Zaimis
Alexandros Zaimis (Αλέξανδρος Ζαΐμης; 9 November 1855 – 15 September 1936) was a Greek Prime Minister, Minister of the Interior, Minister of Justice, and High Commissioner of Crete.
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Alexandru B. Știrbei
Alexandru Barbu Știrbei, also rendered Alex.
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Alexandru Callimachi
Alexandru Callimachi (1737 – 12 December 1821) was Prince of Moldavia during the period of 6 May 1795 through 18 March 1799.
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Alexandru Hrisoverghi
Alexandru Hrisoverghi (February 27, 1811 – March 9, 1837) was a Moldavian Romanian-language poet and translator, whose work was influenced by Romanticism.
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Alexandru Ioan Cuza
Alexandru Ioan Cuza (or Alexandru Ioan I, also anglicised as Alexander John Cuza; 20 March 1820 – 15 May 1873) was Prince of Moldavia, Prince of Wallachia, and later Domnitor (Ruler) of the Romanian Principalities.
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Alexandru Macedonski
Alexandru Macedonski (also rendered as Al. A. Macedonski, Macedonschi or Macedonsky; March 14, 1854 – November 24, 1920) was a Romanian poet, novelist, dramatist and literary critic, known especially for having promoted French Symbolism in his native country, and for leading the Romanian Symbolist movement during its early decades.
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Alexandru Sturdza
Alexandru Sturdza (Александр Скарлатович Стурдза; Iași, Moldavia, 18 November 1791Odessa, 13 June 1854) was a Russian publicist and diplomat of Romanian origin.
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Andronikos Kantakouzenos (1553–1601)
Andronikos Kantakouzenos (Ανδρόνικος Καντακουζηνός; Andronicus Cantacuzenus; Andronic or Andronie Cantacuzino; 1553 – late 1601), also known as Mihaloğlu Derviş, was an Ottoman Greek entrepreneur and political figure, primarily active in Wallachia and Moldavia.
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Annunciation Church, Iași
The Annunciation Church (Biserica Buna Vestire) is a Romanian Orthodox church located at 12 Sulfinei Street in Iași, Romania.
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Anthim the Iberian
Anthim the Iberian (Romanian: Antim Ivireanul, Georgian: ანთიმოზ ივერიელი - Antimoz Iverieli; secular name: Andria; 1650 — September or October 1716) was a Georgian theologian, scholar, calligrapher, philosopher and one of the greatest ecclesiastic figures of Wallachia, led the printing press of the prince of Wallachia, and was Metropolitan of Bucharest in 1708-1715.
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Anti-Greek sentiment
Anti-Greek sentiment (also known as Hellenophobia (translit), anti-Hellenism, mishellenism (translit), or Greek-bashing) refers to negative feelings, dislike, hatred, derision and/or prejudice towards Greeks, the Hellenic Republic, and Greek culture.
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Antiochian Greek Christians
Antiochian Greek Christians, also known as Rûm, are an Arabic-speaking ethnoreligious Christian group from the Levant region.
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Anton Pann
Anton Pann (born Antonie Pantoleon-Petroveanu, and also mentioned as Anton Pantoleon or Petrovici; 1790s—2 November 1854) was an Ottoman-born Wallachian composer, musicologist, and Romanian-language poet, also noted for his activities as a printer, translator, and schoolteacher.
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Arbanasi (Veliko Tarnovo)
Arbanasi (Арбанаси, also transliterated as Arbanassi) is a village in Veliko Tarnovo Municipality, Veliko Tarnovo Province of central northern Bulgaria, set on a high plateau between the larger towns of Veliko Tarnovo (four kilometres away) and Gorna Oryahovitsa.
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Archbishopric of Ohrid
The Archbishopric of Ohrid (Охридска архиепископија/Ohridska arhiepiskopija), also known as the Bulgarian Archbishopric of Ohrid (Българска Охридска архиепископия), originally called Ohrid Archbishopric of Justiniana prima and all Bulgaria (Αρχιεπίσκοπος της πρωτης 'Ιουστινιανης και πάσης Βουλγαριας), was an autonomous Orthodox Church under the tutelage of the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople between 1019 and 1767.
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Archdiocese of Râmnic
The Archdiocese of Râmnic (Arhiepiscopia Râmnicului) is a Romanian Orthodox archdiocese based in Râmnicu Vâlcea (or Râmnic), Romania, in the historic region of Oltenia, and covering Vâlcea County.
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Arsenije IV Jovanović Šakabenta
Arsenije IV Jovanović Šakabenta (Арсеније IV Јовановић Шакабента,; 1698 – 18 January 1748) was the Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch from 1725 to 1737 and Head of the Serbian Orthodox Church in Habsburg Monarchy from 1737 to his death in 1748.
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Aspasia Manos
Aspasia Manos (Ασπασία Μάνου; 4 September 1896 – 7 August 1972) was a Greek commoner who became the wife of Alexander I, King of Greece.
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Atanasije II Gavrilović
Atanasije II Gavrilović (Атанасије II Гавриловић; Skopje, late 17th century – Peć, 1752) was Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch from 1747 to 1752.
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Background of the Greek War of Independence
The Fall of Constantinople in 1453 and the subsequent fall of the successor states of the Eastern Roman Empire marked the end of Byzantine sovereignty.
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Batiștei Church
Batiștei Church (Biserica Batiștei) is a Romanian Orthodox church located at 21 Batiștei Street, Bucharest, Romania.
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Börek
Börek (also burek and other variants) is a family of baked filled pastries made of a thin flaky dough known as phyllo (or yufka), of Anatolian origins and also found in the cuisines of the Balkans, Levant, Mediterranean, and other countries in Eastern Europe and Western Asia.
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Blagoevgrad Province
Blagoevgrad Province (област Благоевград, oblast Blagoevgrad or Благоевградска област, Blagoevgradska oblast), also known as Pirin Macedonia (Пиринска Македония, Pirinska Makedoniya), is a province (oblast) of southwestern Bulgaria.
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Bogdan Saray
Boğdan Sarayi (Turkish for "Palace of Bogdania (Moldavia)") was an Eastern Orthodox church in Turkey's largest city, Istanbul.
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Bosporus Germans
Bosporus Germans are those ethnic Germans living and settled in Istanbul since the second half of the 19th century.
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Boyar
A boyar was a member of the highest rank of the feudal Bulgarian, Kievan, Moscovian, Wallachian and Moldavian and later, Romanian aristocracies, second only to the ruling princes (in Bulgaria, tsars), from the 10th century to the 17th century.
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Bucharest
Bucharest (București) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre.
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Bukovina
Bukovina (Bucovina; Bukowina/Buchenland; Bukowina; Bukovina, Буковина Bukovyna; see also other languages) is a historical region in Central Europe,Klaus Peter Berger,, Kluwer Law International, 2010, p. 132 divided between Romania and Ukraine, located on the northern slopes of the central Eastern Carpathians and the adjoining plains.
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Bulgarian Exarchate
The Bulgarian Exarchate (Българска екзархия Bǎlgarska ekzarhiya, Bulgar Eksarhlığı) was the official name of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church before its autocephaly was recognized by the Ecumenical See in 1945 and the Bulgarian Patriarchate was restored in 1953.
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Bulgarian Millet
Bulgarian Millet or Bulgar Millet was an ethno-religious and linguistic community within the Ottoman Empire from the mid-19th to early 20th century.
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Bulgarians
Bulgarians (българи, Bǎlgari) are a South Slavic ethnic group who are native to Bulgaria and its neighboring regions.
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Calea Victoriei
Calea Victoriei (Victory Avenue) is a major avenue in central Bucharest.
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Callimachi family
Callimachi, Calimachi, or Kallimachi (originally Calmaşul or Călmaşu) was a Moldavian-Greek Phanariote boyar and princely family, originating with a group of free peasants living in the Orhei area of Bessarabia.
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Cantacuzino family
The Cantacuzino or Cantacuzène family is a Romanian aristocratic family that gave several Princes of Wallachia and Moldavia, descending from a branch of the Byzantine Kantakouzenos family, specifically from the Byzantine Emperor John VI Kantakouzenos (reigned 1347–1354).
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Caradja
Caradja, Karadja or Caragea (also known as Caratzas and Karatzas, Καρατζάς) is a princely house of Byzantine and Phanariote Greek origins, present as dignitaries in the Ottoman Empire, and established as hospodars and boyars in the Danubian Principalities from the late 16th century.
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Caragea's plague
Caragea's plague or Caradja's plague (Ciuma lui Caragea) was a bubonic plague epidemic that occurred in Wallachia, mainly in Bucharest, in the years 1813 and 1814.
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Carol Victor, Hereditary Prince of Albania
Carol Victor, Hereditary Prince of Albania (Karl Viktor Wilhelm Friedrich Ernst Günther von Wied, 19 May 19138 December 1973) was the only son of William, Prince of Albania and briefly heir to the Principality of Albania.
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Claymoor (Mișu Văcărescu)
Mișu or Mihail Ion Văcărescu (Francized Michel Vacaresco; 1842 or 1843 – June 12, 1903), most commonly known as Claymoor, was a Wallachian, later Romanian fashion journalist and gossip columnist, the son of poet Iancu Văcărescu.
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Clemens Krauss
Clemens Heinrich Krauss (31 March 189316 May 1954) was an Austrian conductor and opera impresario, particularly associated with the music of Richard Strauss.
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Conachi family
The Conachi family was a Moldavian boyar family, with Phanariote origin, or, according to others, of Moldavian high nobility (răzeș) origin.
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Constantin Brâncoveanu
Constantin Brâncoveanu (1654 – August 15, 1714) was Prince of Wallachia between 1688 and 1714.
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Constantin Cantemir
Constantin or Constantine Cantemir (1612–1693) was a Moldavian nobleman, soldier, and statesman who served as voivode between 25 June 1685 and 27 March 1693.
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Constantin Gane
Constantin Gane (March 27, 1885 – April or May 1962) was a Romanian novelist, amateur historian, biographer and memoirist.
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Constantin Rădulescu-Motru
Constantin Rădulescu-Motru (born Constantin Rădulescu, he added the surname Motru in 1892; February 15, 1868 – March 6, 1957) was a Romanian philosopher, psychologist, sociologist, logician, academic, dramatist, as well as centre-left nationalist politician with a noted anti-fascist discourse.
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Constantine Hangerli
Constantine Hangerli (Κωνσταντίνος Χατζερής, Konstantinos Chatzeris; died 18 February 1799), also written as Constantin Hangerliu, was a Prince of Wallachia, then part of the Ottoman Empire, between 1797 and the time of his death.
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Constantine Mavrocordatos
Constantine Mavrocordatos (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Μαυροκορδάτος, Romanian: Constantin Mavrocordat; February 27, 1711November 23, 1769) was a Greek noble who served as Prince of Wallachia and Prince of Moldavia at several intervals.
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Constantine Mourouzis
Constantine Demetrius Mourouzis (Κωνσταντίνος Δημήτριος Μουρούζης, Konstantinos Demetrios Mourouzis, Constantin Dimitrie Moruzi; died 1783) was a Phanariote Prince of Moldavia, and member of the Mourousis family.
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Constantine Ypsilantis
Constantine Ypsilantis (Κωνσταντίνος Υψηλάντης Konstantinos Ypsilantis; Constantin Ipsilanti; 1760–1816), was the son of Alexander Ypsilanti, a key member of an important Phanariote family, Grand Dragoman of the Porte (1796–99), hospodarEast, The Union of Moldavia and Wallachia, 1859, p. 178.
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Constantinople massacre of 1821
The Constantinople massacre of 1821 was orchestrated by the authorities of the Ottoman Empire against the Greek community of Constantinople (modern Istanbul) in retaliation for the outbreak of the Greek War of Independence (1821–1830).
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Craiovești
The Craiovești, later Brâncovenești, were a boyar family in Wallachia who gave the country several of its Princes and held the title of Ban of Oltenia (whether of Strehaia or Craiova) for ca.
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Culture of Romania
The culture of Romania is the product of its geography and its distinct historical evolution.
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Danube–Black Sea Canal
The Danube–Black Sea Canal (Canalul Dunăre – Marea Neagră) is a canal in Romania, which runs from Cernavodă, on the Danube, to Constanța (southern arm, as main branch), and to Năvodari (northern arm), on the Black Sea.
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Danubian Principalities
Danubian Principalities (Principatele Dunărene, translit) was a conventional name given to the Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia, which emerged in the early 14th century.
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Davicion Bally
Davicion Bally (January 29, 1809 in Bucharest – May 2, 1884 in Jerusalem) was a Romanian Jewish public servant.
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Dealul Spirii
Dealul Spirii (Spirea's Hill) is a hill in Bucharest, Romania, upon which the Palace of the Parliament (formerly known as House of the People) is now located.
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Decolonization
Decolonization (American English) or decolonisation (British English) is the undoing of colonialism: where a nation establishes and maintains its domination over one or more other territories.
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Demetrios Ypsilantis
Demetrios Ypsilantis (also spelt using Dimitrios, Demetrius and/or Ypsilanti; Δημήτριος Υψηλάντης; Dumitru Ipsilanti; 1793August 16, 1832) was a member of a prominent Phanariot Greek family Ypsilantis, a dragoman of the Ottoman Empire, served as an officer in the Imperial Russian Army and played an important role in the Greek War of Independence.
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Dimitrie Cantemir
Dimitrie or Demetrius Cantemir (1673–1723), also known by other spellings, was a Moldavian soldier, statesman, and man of letters.
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Dimitrios Katartzis
Dimitrios Katartzis (Δημήτριος Καταρτζής; 1730-1807) or Photiadis was a Phanariote Greek scholar.
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Dimitrios Rallis
Dimitrios Rallis (Greek: Δημήτριος Ράλλης; 1844–1921) was a Greek politician.
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Dimitrios Soutsos
Dimitrios Soutzos (Δημήτριος Σούτζος) was the mayor of Athens between 1879 and 1887.
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Dinicu Golescu
Dinicu Golescu (usual rendition of Constantin Radovici Golescu; 7 February 1777 – 5 October 1830), a member of the Golescu family of boyars, was a Wallachian Romanian man of letters, mostly noted for his travel writings and journalism.
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Dionisie Fotino
Dionisie Fotino was a Romanian historian and high ranking civil servant of Greek origin.
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Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire
The period of the defeat and end of the Ottoman Empire (1908–1922) began with the Second Constitutional Era with the Young Turk Revolution.
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Doina Ruști
Doina Ruşti (born on February 15th, 1957, Comosteni) is a Romanian writer, screenwriter and film director.
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Dominant minority
A dominant minority is a minority group that has overwhelming political, economic, or cultural dominance in a country, despite representing a small fraction of the overall population (a demographic minority).
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Dragoman
A dragoman was an interpreter, translator, and official guide between Turkish, Arabic, and Persian-speaking countries and polities of the Middle East and European embassies, consulates, vice-consulates and trading posts.
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Duiliu Zamfirescu
Duiliu Zamfirescu (30 October 1858 – 3 June 1922) was a Romanian novelist, poet, short story writer, lawyer, nationalist politician, journalist, diplomat and memoirist.
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Dumitru C. Moruzi
Dumitru Constantin Moruzi (also known as Dimitrie Moruzi or Moruzzi; Дмитрий Константинович Мурузи, Dmitry Konstantinovich Muruzi; July 1 or 2, 1850 – October 9, 1914) was a Moldavian-born Imperial Russian and Romanian aristocrat, civil servant and writer.
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Early Greek parties
Early Greek parties were not features of the provisional and regional governments that were set up between 1821 and 1832.
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Early Modern Romania
The Early Modern Times in Romania started after the death of Michael the Brave, who ruled in a personal union, Wallachia, Transylvania and Moldaviathree principalities in the lands that now form Romania for three months, in 1600.
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East–West Schism
The East–West Schism, also called the Great Schism and the Schism of 1054, was the break of communion between what are now the Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox churches, which has lasted since the 11th century.
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Eastern Orthodoxy in Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Eastern Orthodox Church is the most widespread Christian denomination in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the second most widespread religious group in the country, following Islam and followed in turn by Roman Catholicism.
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Echos
Echos (Greek: ἦχος "sound"; pl. echoi ἦχοι, Old Church Slavonic: гласъ "voice, sound") is the name in Byzantine music theory for a mode within the eight mode system (oktoechos), each of them ruling several melody types, and it is used in the melodic and rhythmic composition of Byzantine chant ("thesis of the melos"), differentiated according to the chant genre and according to the performance style ("method of the thesis").
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Eliza Soutsou
Eliza Soutsou (Ελίζα Σούτσου, Athens, 1837 - Athens, January 1887) was a Greek writer of the 19th century.
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Ellinoglosso Xenodocheio
The Ellinoglosso Xenodocheio (Ελληνόγλωσσο Ξενοδοχείο, "Hellenophone Hotel", meaning "Greek-speaking Hotel"), was a secret organization established in Paris in 1814, whose purpose was to educate the Greeks and prepare the struggle against Ottoman rule over Greece.
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Emanuel Giani Ruset
Emanuel or Manolache Giani Ruset was a Prince of Wallachia (May 1770 – October 1771), and Prince of Moldavia (May 11, 1788 – October 1788).
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English Party
The English Party (Αγγλικό Κóμμα), presenting itself as the Constitutional Party (συνταγματικό Κόμμα, SK), was one of the three informal early Greek parties that dominated the political history of the First Hellenic Republic and the first years of the Kingdom Of Greece during the early 19th century, the other two being the Russian Party and the French Party.
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Eugen Barbu
Eugen Barbu (20 February 1924 – 7 September 1993) was a Romanian modern novelist, short story writer, journalist, and correspondent member of the Romanian Academy.
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Ștefan Cantacuzino
Ștefan Cantacuzino (Στέφανος Καντακουζηνός, Stephanos Kantakouzinos), was a Prince of Wallachia between April 1714 and January 21, 1716, the son of stolnic Constantin Cantacuzino.
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Fall of Constantinople
The Fall of Constantinople (Ἅλωσις τῆς Κωνσταντινουπόλεως, Halōsis tēs Kōnstantinoupoleōs; İstanbul'un Fethi Conquest of Istanbul) was the capture of the capital of the Byzantine Empire by an invading Ottoman army on 29 May 1453.
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Fener
Fener (Φανάρι) is a quarter midway up the Golden Horn within the district of Fatih in Istanbul, Turkey.
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Filiki Eteria
Filiki Eteria or Society of Friends (Φιλική Εταιρεία or Εταιρεία των Φιλικών) was a secret 19th-century organization whose purpose was to overthrow the Ottoman rule of Greece and establish an independent Greek state.
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First Athenian School
The term First Athenian School (Α΄ Αθηναϊκή Σχολή) denotes the literary production in Athens between 1830 and 1880.
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First Constitutional Era
The First Constitutional Era (مشروطيت; Birinci Meşrutiyet Devri) of the Ottoman Empire was the period of constitutional monarchy from the promulgation of the Kanûn-ı Esâsî (meaning Basic Law or Fundamental Law in Ottoman Turkish), written by members of the Young Ottomans, on 23 November 1876 until 13 February 1878.
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First National Assembly at Epidaurus
The First National Assembly of Epidaurus (1821–1822) was the first meeting of the Greek National Assembly, a national representative political gathering of the Greek revolutionaries.
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Flag and coat of arms of Moldavia
The flag and coat of arms of Moldavia, one of the two Danubian Principalities, together with Wallachia, which formed the basis for the Romanian state, were subject to numerous changes throughout their history.
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Gavriil Antonovich Katakazi
Gavriil Antonovich Katakazi (Гавриил Антонович Катакази) (17 July 1794 – 25 April 1867) was a Russian diplomat and Active Privy Councillor, also notable as the father of Konstantin Katakazi, Russian ambassador to the United States.
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Geographia Neoteriki
Geographia Neoteriki (Γεωγραφία Νεωτερική Modern Geography) is a geography book written in Greek by Daniel Philippidis and Grigorios Konstantas and printed in Vienna in 1791.
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George Barbu Știrbei
George Barbu Știrbei or Știrbeiŭ, also known as Gheorghe, Georgie, or Iorgu Știrbei (Francized Georges Stirbey; April 1, 1828 – August 15, 1925), was a Wallachian-born Romanian aristocrat and politician who served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs from July 15, 1866 until February 21, 1867.
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George Murnu
George Murnu (Aromanian: Ioryi al Murnu; 1 January 1868, Veria, Salonica Vilayet, Ottoman Empire, now in Greece – 17 November 1957, Bucharest) was a Romanian university professor, archaeologist, historian, translator, and poet of Aromanian origin.
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Georgios Rallis
Georgios Ioannou Rallis (Γεώργιος Ιωάννου Ράλλης; 26 December 1918 – 15 March 2006), anglicised to George Rallis, was a Greek conservative politician and Prime Minister of Greece from 1980 to 1981.
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Gheorghe Asachi
Gheorghe Asachi (surname also spelled Asaki; March 1, 1788 – November 12, 1869) was a Moldavian, later Romanian prose writer, poet, painter, historian, dramatist and translator.
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Gheorghe Bibescu
Gheorghe Bibescu (1804–1873) was a hospodar (Prince) of Wallachia between 1843 and 1848.
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Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino
Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino, or Cantacuzino-Nababul (22 September 1833 – 22 March 1913), was a Romanian politician and lawyer, one of the leading Conservative Party policymakers.
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Gheorghe Lazăr
Gheorghe Lazăr (5 June 1779 – 17 September 1823), born and died in Avrig, Sibiu County, was a Transylvanian, later Romanian scholar, the founder of the first Romanian language school in Bucharest, 1818.
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Ghica family
The Ghica family (Ghica, Gjika, Gikas, Γκίκαs) was a noble family active in Wallachia, Moldavia and in the Kingdom of Romania, between the 17th and 19th centuries.
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Great Fire of Bucharest
The Great Fire of Bucharest (Focul cel mare) was the largest conflagration ever to occur in Bucharest, Romania, then the capital of Wallachia.
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Greece
No description.
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Greece–Romania relations
Greco–Romanian relations are foreign relations between Greece and Romania.
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Greece–Serbia relations
Greek–Serbian relations have traditionally been friendly due to cultural, religious and historical factors.
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Greek diaspora
The Greek diaspora, Hellenic diaspora or Omogenia (Ομογένεια) refers to the communities of Greek people living outside; Greece, Cyprus, the traditional Greek homelands, Albania, parts of the Balkans, southern Russia, Ukraine, Asia Minor, the region of Pontus, as well as Eastern Anatolia, Georgia, the South Caucasus, Egypt, Southern Italy and Cargèse in Corsica.
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Greek heraldry
Greek heraldry, though not as developed as in other countries, has an interesting history in and of itself by drawing upon it Byzantine heritage and influences from the various western powers that have occupied Greek lands.
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Greek language question
The Greek language question (το γλωσσικό ζήτημα, to glossikó zítima) was a dispute about whether the language of the Greek people (Demotic Greek) or a cultivated imitation of Ancient Greek (katharevousa) should be the official language of the Greek nation.
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Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch
The Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch, also known as the Antiochian Orthodox Church (Πατριαρχεῖον Ἀντιοχείας, Patriarcheîon Antiocheías; بطريركية أنطاكية وسائر المشرق للروم الأرثوذكس, Baṭriyarkiyya Anṭākiya wa-Sāʾir al-Mashriq li'l-Rūm al-Urthūdhuks), is an autocephalous Greek Orthodox Church within the wider communion of Eastern Orthodox Christianity.
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Greek shipping
Greece is a maritime nation by tradition, as shipping is arguably the oldest form of occupation of the Greeks and has been a key element of Greek economic activity since ancient times.
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Greek War of Independence
The Greek War of Independence, also known as the Greek Revolution (Ελληνική Επανάσταση, Elliniki Epanastasi, or also referred to by Greeks in the 19th century as the Αγώνας, Agonas, "Struggle"; Ottoman: يونان عصياني Yunan İsyanı, "Greek Uprising"), was a successful war of independence waged by Greek revolutionaries against the Ottoman Empire between 1821 and 1830.
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Greek–Romanian Non-Aggression and Arbitration Pact
The Greek–Romanian Non-Aggression and Arbitration Pact was a non-aggression pact signed between Greece and Romania on 21 March 1928.
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Greeks
The Greeks or Hellenes (Έλληνες, Éllines) are an ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Albania, Italy, Turkey, Egypt and, to a lesser extent, other countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. They also form a significant diaspora, with Greek communities established around the world.. Greek colonies and communities have been historically established on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea, but the Greek people have always been centered on the Aegean and Ionian seas, where the Greek language has been spoken since the Bronze Age.. Until the early 20th century, Greeks were distributed between the Greek peninsula, the western coast of Asia Minor, the Black Sea coast, Cappadocia in central Anatolia, Egypt, the Balkans, Cyprus, and Constantinople. Many of these regions coincided to a large extent with the borders of the Byzantine Empire of the late 11th century and the Eastern Mediterranean areas of ancient Greek colonization. The cultural centers of the Greeks have included Athens, Thessalonica, Alexandria, Smyrna, and Constantinople at various periods. Most ethnic Greeks live nowadays within the borders of the modern Greek state and Cyprus. The Greek genocide and population exchange between Greece and Turkey nearly ended the three millennia-old Greek presence in Asia Minor. Other longstanding Greek populations can be found from southern Italy to the Caucasus and southern Russia and Ukraine and in the Greek diaspora communities in a number of other countries. Today, most Greeks are officially registered as members of the Greek Orthodox Church.CIA World Factbook on Greece: Greek Orthodox 98%, Greek Muslim 1.3%, other 0.7%. Greeks have greatly influenced and contributed to culture, arts, exploration, literature, philosophy, politics, architecture, music, mathematics, science and technology, business, cuisine, and sports, both historically and contemporarily.
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Greeks in Romania
There has been a Greek presence in Romania for at least 27 centuries.
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Greeks in Turkey
The Greeks in Turkey (Rumlar) constitute a population of Greek and Greek-speaking Eastern Orthodox Christians who mostly live in Istanbul, as well as on the two islands of the western entrance to the Dardanelles: Imbros and Tenedos (Gökçeada and Bozcaada).
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Grigore Alexandru Ghica
Grigore Alexandru Ghica or Ghika (1803 or 1807 – 24 August 1857) was a Prince of Moldavia between 14 October 1849, and June 1853, and again between 30 October 1854, and 3 June 1856.
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Grigore III Ghica
Grigore III Ghica was twice the Prince of Moldavia between 29 March 1764 – 3 February 1767 and September 1774 – 10 October 1777 and of Wallachia: 28 October 1768 – November 1769.
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Grigore IV Ghica
Grigore IV Ghica or Grigore Dimitrie Ghica (June 30, 1755 – April 29, 1834) was Prince of Wallachia between 1822 and 1828.
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Hagiopolitan Octoechos
Oktōēchos (here transcribed "Octoechos"; Greek: ὁ Ὀκτώηχος pronounced in koine:; from ὀκτώ "eight" and ἦχος "sound, mode" called echos; Slavonic: Осмогласие, Osmoglasie from о́смь "eight" and гласъ "voice, sound") is the name of the eight mode system used for the composition of religious chant in Byzantine, Syriac, Armenian, Georgian, Latin and Slavic churches since the Middle Ages.
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Hellenistic Judaism
Hellenistic Judaism was a form of Judaism in the ancient world that combined Jewish religious tradition with elements of Greek culture.
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Herăstrău Park
Herăstrău Park (Romanian: Parcul Herăstrău) or King Michael I Park is a large park on the northern side of Bucharest, Romania, around Lake Herăstrău, one of the lakes formed by the Colentina River.
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Historical Romanian ranks and titles
This is a glossary of historical Romanian ranks and titles used in the principalities of Moldavia, Wallachia and Transylvania, and later in Romania.
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History of Bucharest
The history of Bucharest covers the time from the early settlements on the locality's territory (and that of the surrounding area in Ilfov County) until its modern existence as a city, capital of Wallachia, and present-day capital of Romania.
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History of the Cyclades
The Cyclades (Greek: Κυκλάδες Kykládes) are Greek islands located in the southern part of the Aegean Sea.
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History of the Eastern Orthodox Church
The history of the Eastern Orthodox Church is traced back to Jesus Christ and the Apostles.
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History of the Eastern Orthodox Church under the Ottoman Empire
In AD 1453, the city of Constantinople, the capital and last stronghold of the Byzantine Empire, fell to the Ottoman Empire.
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History of the Jews in Romania
The history of the Jews in Romania concerns the Jews both of Romania and of Romanian origins, from their first mention on what is present-day Romanian territory.
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Horace François Bastien Sébastiani de La Porta
Horace François Bastien Sébastiani de La Porta (Oraziu Francescu Bastianu Sebastiani De A Porta; 11 November 1771 – 20 July 1851) was a French soldier, diplomat, and politician, who served as Naval Minister, Minister of Foreign Affairs, and Minister of State under the July Monarchy.
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Hospodar
Hospodar or gospodar is a term of Slavonic origin, meaning "lord" or "master".
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Hrizea of Bogdănei
Hrizea of Bogdănei (Hrizea din Bogdănei), also rendered as Hrizică, sometimes Hrizea-Vodă ("Hrizea the Voivode"; ? – April to September 1657), was a Wallachian boyar and rebel leader, who proclaimed himself reigning prince in 1655.
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Iancu Jianu
Iancu Jianu (1787 – December 14, 1842), also Ioniţă Jianu, was a Wallachian Romanian hajduk.
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Iancu Văcărescu
Iancu Văcărescu (1786–1863) was a Romanian Wallachian boyar and poet, member of the Văcărescu family.
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Ioan C. Filitti
Ioan Constantin Filitti (first name also Ion; Francized Jean C. Filitti; May 8, 1879 – September 21, 1945) was a Romanian historian, diplomat and conservative theorist, best remembered for his contribution to social history, legal history, genealogy and heraldry.
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Ioan Manu
Ioan M. Manu, also known as Iancu Manu (1803 – November 29 O.S., 1874), was a Romanian boyar and politician.
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Ioan Sturdza
Ioan Sandu Sturdza (or Ioniţă Sandu Sturdza) was a Prince of Moldavia from 21 June 1822 to 5 May 1828.
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Ion Heliade Rădulescu
Ion Heliade Rădulescu or Ion Heliade (also known as Eliade or Eliade Rădulescu;; January 6, 1802 – April 27, 1872) was a Wallachian, later Romanian academic, Romantic and Classicist poet, essayist, memoirist, short story writer, newspaper editor and politician.
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Ion Luca Caragiale
Ion Luca Caragiale (commonly referred to as I. L. Caragiale; According to his birth certificate, published and discussed by Constantin Popescu-Cadem in Manuscriptum, Vol. VIII, Nr. 2, 1977, p.179-184 – 9 June 1912) was a Wallachian, later Romanian playwright, short story writer, poet, theater manager, political commentator and journalist.
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Ionică Tăutu
Ionică Tăutu (usual rendition of Ion Tăutu; 1798–1828) was a Moldavian low-ranking boyar, Enlightenment-inspired pamphleteer, and craftsman ("an engineer by trade", according to Alecu Russo).
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Ioniță Cuza
Ion Cuza or Cuzea, commonly known as Ioniță Cuza (ca. 1715 – August 18, 1778), was a Moldavian statesman and political conspirator, remembered as one of the first Romanian nationalists and Freemasons.
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Islam in Romania
Islam in Romania is followed by only 0.3 percent of population, but has 700 years of tradition in Northern Dobruja, a region on the Black Sea coast which was part of the Ottoman Empire for almost five centuries (ca. 1420-1878).
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Istanbul pogrom
The Istanbul pogrom, also known as the Istanbul riots or September events (Septemvriana, "Events of September";, "Events of September 6–7"), were organized mob attacks directed primarily at Istanbul's Greek minority on 6–7 September 1955.
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Jean Alexandre Vaillant
Jean Alexandre Vaillant (1804 - 21 March 1886) was a French and Romanian teacher, political activist, historian, linguist and translator, who was noted for his activities in Wallachia and his support for the 1848 Wallachian Revolution.
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Jean Karadja Pasha
Prince Jean Constantin Alexandre Othon Karadja Pasha (March 9, 1835 in Nauplia – August 11, 1894 in The Hague) was a Phanariot army officer and diplomat of the Ottoman Empire.
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Joannicius III of Constantinople
Joannicius III (Ιωαννίκιος Γ΄, Јоаникије III), (c. 1700 – 1793) was Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch from 1739 to 1746 and Archbishop of Constantinople and Ecumenical Patriarch from 1761 to 1763.
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John Caradja
John Caradja or John George Caradja (Greek: Ἰωάννης Γεώργιος Καρατζάς, Ioannis Georgios Karatzas; Ioan Gheorghe Caragea; Jean Georges Caradja; 1754, Constantinople – 1844, Athens) was a Phanariote Prince of Wallachia, who reigned between 1812 and 1818.
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John Komnenos Molyvdos
John Komnenos Molyvdos (Ιωάννης Κομνηνός Μόλυβδος), also known by his monastic name Hierotheos (Ιερόθεος), was an Ottoman Greek scholar and physician, who later in life became a monk and Eastern Orthodox metropolitan bishop of Side and Dristra.
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Joseph Sokolsky
Joseph Sokolsky (Йосиф Соколски, Gabrovo, Ottoman Empire 1786 – died in Kiev, Russian Empire September 30, 1879) was the first senior Eastern Orthodox Bulgarian clergyman who convert to Catholicism, thus becoming a pioneer of the Bulgarian Byzantine Catholic Church.
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July Theses
The July Theses (Tezele din iulie) is a name commonly given to a speech delivered by Romanian leader Nicolae Ceaușescu on July 6, 1971, before the Executive Committee of the Romanian Communist Party (PCR).
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Kalinik II
Kalinik II (Калиник II, Καλλίνικος Β΄, Callinicus II) was Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch from 1765 to 1766.
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Kantakouzenos
The house of Kantakouzenos (Kantakouzenoi; Καντακουζηνός, pl. Καντακουζηνοί), Latinized as Cantacuzenus and Anglicized as Cantacuzene, was one of the most prominent noble families of the Byzantine Empire in the last centuries of its existence.
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Kaymakam
Qaim Maqam, Qaimaqam or Kaymakam (also spelled kaimakam and caimacam; قائم مقام, "sub-governor") is the title used for the governor of a provincial district in the Republic of Turkey, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus and in Lebanon; additionally, it was a title used for roughly the same official position in the Ottoman Empire.
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Kir Ianulea
Kir Ianulea or Kyr Ianulea is a fantasy and historical fiction novella or short story, published by Romanian author Ion Luca Caragiale in 1909.
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Kodjabashis
The kodjabashis (κοτζαμπάσηδες, kotzabasides; singular κοτζάμπασης, kotzabasis; kodžobaša, kodžabaša; from kocabaṣı, hocabaṣı) were local Christian notables in parts of the Ottoman Balkans, most often referring to Ottoman Greece and especially the Peloponnese.
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Koinon of the Zagorisians
The Koinon of the Zagorisians (Κοινόν τῶν Ζαγορισίων), alternatively Commons of the Zagorisians, League of the Zagorisians, League of Zagori, or Nohaye Zagor in Turkish, was an autonomous region of the Ottoman Empire.
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Konstantin Katakazi
Konstantin Gavrilovich Catacazy or Katakazi (Константин Гаврилович Катакази) (1830 - April 1, 1890) was a Russian diplomat of the 19th century, minister plenipotentiary of the Russian Empire to the United States.
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Konstantinos Amantos
Konstantinos Amantos (Κωνσταντίνος Άμαντος; 2 August 1874 – 23 January 1960) was a Greek Byzantinist and university professor.
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Konstantinos Karatheodoris
Konstantinos Karatheodoris was a member of the distinguished Phanariote Karatheodori family.
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Konstantinos Mousouros
Konstantinos Mousouros (Κωνσταντίνος Μουσούρος, Kostaki Musurus Paşa; 1807–1891), also known as Kostaki Musurus Pasha, was an Ottoman Greek diplomatic official of the Ottoman Empire who served as ambassador to Greece, Austria, Great Britain, Belgium, and the Netherlands.
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Lazăr Șăineanu
Lazăr Șăineanu (also spelled Șeineanu, born Eliezer Schein;Leopold, p.383, 417 Francisized Lazare Sainéan,, Alexandru Mușina,, in România Literară, Nr. 19/2003 or Sainéanu; April 23, 1859 – May 11, 1934) was a Romanian-born philologist, linguist, folklorist and cultural historian.
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Léon d'Ymbault
Léon d'Ymbault de Vanthay (also: Leon d'Ymbault, Leon d'Imbault, Leon von Imbolt, Leon Imbo; born c. 1700 in Dragomesti, now Astakos; died March/April 1781 in Czernowitz, now Chernivtsi) was the last Moldavian mayor of Czernowitz before the annexation of the Bukovina by Austria in 1775.
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Leon Tomșa
Leon Tomșa, also known as Leon Vodă ("Leon the Voivode") or Alion, was the Prince of Wallachia from October 1629 to July 1632.
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List of historic Greek countries and regions
This is a list of Greek countries and regions throughout history.
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List of Pontic Greeks
→This is a list of Pontic Greeks (Πόντιοι, Pontioi), i.e. Greeks from the region of Pontus, in modern northern Turkey.
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List of Romanian coats of arms
The Romanian government is the armiger in Romania.
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List of rulers of Moldavia
This is a List of rulers of Moldavia, from the first mention of the medieval polity east of the Carpathians and until its disestablishment in 1862, when it united with Wallachia, the other Danubian Principality, to form the modern-day state of Romania.
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List of rulers of Wallachia
This is a list of rulers of Wallachia, from the first mention of a medieval polity situated between the Southern Carpathians and the Danube until the union with Moldavia in 1862, leading to the creation of Romania.
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List of shortest-reigning monarchs
A monarch is the person who heads a monarchy, normally ruling for life, or until abdication or deposition.
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Lucca Vaya
Lucca Vaya, also referred as Loukas Vaya, Lluka (Luka) Vaja, Loukas Vagias (Λουκάς Βάγιας) was a physician, and participant in the Greek War of Independence.
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Lucrețiu Pătrășcanu
Lucrețiu Pătrășcanu (November 4, 1900 – April 17, 1954) was a Romanian communist politician and leading member of the Communist Party of Romania (PCR), also noted for his activities as a lawyer, sociologist and economist.
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Lykourgos Logothetis
Lykourgos Logothetis (Λυκούργος Λογοθέτης, 10 February 1772 – 25 May 1850 (O.S.)), born Georgios Paplomatas, was a Samian who became the island's leader during the Greek War of Independence.
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Manele
Manele (from Romanian, fem. sg. manea; pl. manele, the plural form being more common) is a music style from Romania.
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Manos family
Manos is a Greek family which was one of minor Phanariot families of Constantinople.
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Maria of Mangup
Maria Asanina Palaiologina (Μαρία Ασανίνα Παλαιολογίνα, died 19 December 1477), better known as Maria of Mangup or Maria of Doros, was the second wife of Prince Stephen the Great (reigned 1457–1504) and as such Princess consort of Moldavia from September 1472 to 1475 or 1477.
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Marițica Bibescu
Marițica Bibescu, born Maria Văcărescu, also known as Marițica Ghica (August 1, 1815 – September 27, 1859), was the Princess-consort of Wallachia between September 1845 and June 1848.
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Markos Antonios Katsaitis
Markos Antonios Katsaitis (Μάρκος-Αντώνιος Κατσάϊτις, Marco Antonio Cazzaiti, Marcus Antonius Cazzaiti, Marc-Antoine Cazzaiti, 1717 – 1787) was an 18th-century Greek scholar, geographer and lawyer.
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Massacres during the Greek War of Independence
There were numerous massacres during the Greek War of Independence perpetrated by both the Ottoman forces and the Greek revolutionaries.
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Mavrocordatos family
Mavrocordatos (also Mavrocordato, Mavrokordatos, Mavrocordat or Mavrogordato; Μαυροκορδάτος) is the name of a family of Phanariot Greeks originating in Chios with Nicholas Mavrocordatos (1522-1570), a branch of which was distinguished in the history of the Ottoman Empire, Wallachia, Moldavia, and modern Greece.
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Michael Drakos Soutzos
Michael Drakos Soutzos (Μιχαήλ Δράκος Σούτζος; Mihai Draco Suțu) was a Prince of Moldavia between 1792 and 1795.
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Michael Soutzos
Michael Soutzos (Constantinople, 1778 or 1784 – Athens, 12 June 1864), was a member of the Soutzos family of Phanariotes, he was the nephew of Michael Drakos Soutzos; he was in turn a Prince of Moldavia, between 12 June 1819 and 29 March 1821.
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Mihai Racoviță
Mihai or Mihail Racoviță (died July 1744) was a Prince of Moldavia on three separate occasions (September 1703 – February 23, 1705; July 31, 1707 – October 28, 1709; January 5, 1716 – October 1726) and Prince of Wallachia on two occasions (between October 1730 and October 2, 1731, and from September 1741 until his death).
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Mihail Kogălniceanu
Mihail Kogălniceanu (also known as Mihail Cogâlniceanu, Michel de Kogalnitchan; September 6, 1817 – July 1, 1891) was a Moldavian, later Romanian liberal statesman, lawyer, historian and publicist; he became Prime Minister of Romania on October 11, 1863, after the 1859 union of the Danubian Principalities under Domnitor Alexandru Ioan Cuza, and later served as Foreign Minister under Carol I. He was several times Interior Minister under Cuza and Carol.
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Mihail Orleanu
Mihail G. Orleanu (November 20, 1859–January 31, 1942) was a Romanian magistrate and politician.
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Miladinov brothers
. The Miladinov brothers (Братя Миладинови, Bratya Miladinovi, Браќа Миладиновци, Brakja Miladinovci), Dimitar Miladinov (1810–1862) and Konstantin Miladinov (1830–1862), were Bulgarian poets and folklorists from the region of Macedonia, authors of an important collection of folk songs, Bulgarian Folk Songs.
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Millet (Ottoman Empire)
In the Ottoman Empire, a millet was a separate court of law pertaining to "personal law" under which a confessional community (a group abiding by the laws of Muslim Sharia, Christian Canon law, or Jewish Halakha) was allowed to rule itself under its own laws.
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Modern Greek Enlightenment
The Modern Greek Enlightenment (Διαφωτισμός, Diafotismos, "enlightenment," "illumination") was the Greek expression of the Age of Enlightenment.
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Mojsije Putnik
Mojsije Putnik (Мојсије Путник) (1728 – 1790) was the Metropolitan of Sremski Karlovci between 1781–90, during the reign of Joseph II.
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Moldavia
Moldavia (Moldova, or Țara Moldovei (in Romanian Latin alphabet), Цара Мѡлдовєй (in old Romanian Cyrillic alphabet) is a historical region and former principality in Central and Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester River. An initially independent and later autonomous state, it existed from the 14th century to 1859, when it united with Wallachia (Țara Românească) as the basis of the modern Romanian state; at various times, Moldavia included the regions of Bessarabia (with the Budjak), all of Bukovina and Hertza. The region of Pokuttya was also part of it for a period of time. The western half of Moldavia is now part of Romania, the eastern side belongs to the Republic of Moldova, and the northern and southeastern parts are territories of Ukraine.
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Mourouzis family
The Mourouzis (Μουρούζης) or Moruzi are a family which was first mentioned in the Empire of Trebizond.
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Nasîhat
Nasîhatnâme (نصيحت نامه, Naṣīḥat-nāme) were a type of guidance letter for Ottoman sultans, similar to mirrors for princes.
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National awakening of Romania
In the Romantic era, the concept of a national state emerged among the Romanians, as among many other peoples of Europe and a "national awakening" began.
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Nenano
Phthora nenano (Medieval Greek: φθορά νενανῶ, also νενανὼ) is the name of one of the two "extra" modes in the Byzantine Octoechos—an eight mode system, which was proclaimed by a synod of 792.
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Neobyzantine Octoechos
Oktōēchos (here transcribed "Octoechos"; Greek: ὁ Ὀκτώηχος; from ὀκτώ "eight" and ἦχος "sound, mode" called echos; Slavonic: Осмогласие, Osmoglasie from о́смь "eight" and гласъ "voice, sound") is the name of the eight mode system used for the composition of religious chant in Byzantine, Syriac, Armenian, Georgian, Latin and Slavic churches since the Middle Ages.
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Neophytus VI of Constantinople
Neophytus VI (Νεόφυτος ΣΤ΄), (? – 1747) was Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople for two terms, from 1734 to 1740 and from 1743 to 1744.
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Nicholas Mavrocordatos
Nicholas Mavrocordatos (Νικόλαος Μαυροκορδάτος, Nicolae Mavrocordat; May 3, 1670 in ConstantinopleSeptember 3, 1730 in Bucharest) was a Greek member of the Mavrocordatos family, Grand Dragoman to the Divan (1697), and consequently the first Phanariote Hospodar of the Danubian Principalities - Prince of Moldavia, and Prince of Wallachia (both on two separate occasions).
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Nicholas Mavrogenes
Nicholas Mavrogenes (or Mavrogenous; Νικόλαος Μαυρογένης Nikolaos Mavrogenis (Greek: "Blackbeard"), Nicolae Mavrogheni; died 1790) was a Phanariote Prince of Wallachia (reigned 1786–1789).
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Nicolae Caradja
Nicolae Caradja (1737–1784), also known as Nicolae Vodă Caragea, was a Phanariote Prince of Wallachia, who reigned between 15 January 1782 and 17 July 1783.
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Nicolae Fleva
Nicolae Fleva (also known as Nicu Fleva, Corespondent,, in Românul (Arad), Nr. 14/1912, p.4 (digitized by the Babeș-Bolyai University) Francized Nicolas Fléva;, in Mémorial du Grand-Duché du Luxembourg. Memorial des Grosherzogtums Luxemburg, Nr. 56/1909, p.856 (digitized by); Charles I. Bevans (ed.), Treaties and Other International Agreements of the United States of America (1776–1949). I: Multilateral (1776–1917), United States Department of State, Washington, 1968, p.439 1840 – August 4, 1920) was a Wallachian, later Romanian politician, political journalist and lawyer.
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Nicolae Iorga
Nicolae Iorga (sometimes Neculai Iorga, Nicolas Jorga, Nicolai Jorga or Nicola Jorga, born Nicu N. Iorga;Iova, p. xxvii. January 17, 1871 – November 27, 1940) was a Romanian historian, politician, literary critic, memoirist, poet and playwright.
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Nobility
Nobility is a social class in aristocracy, normally ranked immediately under royalty, that possesses more acknowledged privileges and higher social status than most other classes in a society and with membership thereof typically being hereditary.
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Obsessive decade
The Obsessive decade (Romanian: obsedantul deceniu) refers to the 1950s, a decade full of widespread abuses from the Stalinist authorities.
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Oltenia
Oltenia (also called Lesser Wallachia in antiquated versions, with the alternate Latin names Wallachia Minor, Wallachia Alutana, Wallachia Caesarea between 1718 and 1739) is a historical province and geographical region of Romania in western Wallachia.
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Osman Pazvantoğlu
Osman Pazvantoğlu (1758 – January 27, 1807, Vidin) was an Ottoman soldier, a governor of the Vidin district after 1794, and a rebel against Ottoman rule.
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Ottoman Greece
Most of the areas which today are within modern Greece's borders were at some point in the past a part of the Ottoman Empire.
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Paharnic
The Paharnic (plural: Paharnici; also known as Păharnic, Paharnec, or Păharnec; Moldavian dialect: Ceașnic, Παχαρνίκοσ, Pakharnikos, Пахарник, Paharnik) was a historical Romanian rank, one of the non-hereditary positions ascribed to the boyar aristocracy in Moldavia and Wallachia (the Danubian Principalities).
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Panagiotis Nikousios
Panagiotis Nikousios (Παναγιώτης Νικούσιος; 1613 – 2 October 1673) was a Phanariote Greek physician and the first Christian Grand Dragoman (chief interpreter) of the Ottoman Porte, holding the office from to his death in 1673.
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Panagiotis Soutsos
Panagiotis Soutsos (Παναγιώτης Σοῦτσος; 1806 – 25 October 1868), was a Greek poet, novelist and journalist born in Constantinople (modern Istanbul, Turkey).
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Pantazi Ghica
Pantazi Ghica (also known under the pen names Tapazin, G. Pantazi, and Ghaki; 15 March 1831 – 17 July 1882) was a Wallachian, later Romanian politician and lawyer, also known as a dramatist, poet, short story writer, and literary critic.
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Papadic Octoechos
Oktōēchos (here transcribed "Octoechos"; Greek: ὁ Ὀκτώηχος, pronounced in Constantinopolitan:; from ὀκτώ "eight" and ἦχος "sound, mode" called echos; Slavonic: Осмогласие, Osmoglasie from о́смь "eight" and гласъ "voice, sound") is the name of the eight mode system used for the composition of religious chant in Byzantine, Syriac, Armenian, Georgian, Latin and Slavic churches since the Middle Ages.
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Patriarchate of Peć (monastery)
The Patriarchate of Peć Monastery (Манастир Пећка патријаршија / Manastir Pećka patrijaršija;, Patrikana e Pejës) or Patriarchal Monastery of Peć is a medieval Serbian Orthodox monastery located near the city of Peć, in Kosovo.
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Patrick Leigh Fermor
Sir Patrick Michael Leigh Fermor, DSO, OBE (11 February 1915 – 10 June 2011), also known as Paddy Fermor, was a British author, scholar, soldier and polyglot who played a prominent role behind the lines in the Cretan resistance during the Second World War.
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Pârvu Cantacuzino
Pârvu III Cantacuzino, also known as Pârvul or Pîrvu Cantacuzino (? – late November 1769), was a high-ranking Wallachian statesman who served intermittently as Spatharios and Ban of Oltenia, primarily known as the leader of an anti-Ottoman rebellion.
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Păstorel Teodoreanu
Păstorel Teodoreanu, or just Păstorel (born Alexandru Osvald (Al. O.) Teodoreanu; July 30, 1894 – March 17, 1964), was a Romanian humorist, poet and gastronome, the brother of novelist Ionel Teodoreanu and brother in law of writer Ștefana Velisar Teodoreanu.
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Penelope Delta
Penelope Delta (1874, Alexandria, Khedivate of Egypt – 2 May 1941, Athens) was a Greek author of teenage literature.
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Petrache Poenaru
Petrache Poenaru (1799–1875) was a Romanian inventor of the Enlightenment era.
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Petros Peloponnesios
Petros Peloponnesios ("Peter the Peloponnesian") or Peter the Lampadarios (c. 1735 Tripolis–1778 Constantinople) was a great cantor, composer and teacher of Byzantine and Ottoman music.
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Phanar Greek Orthodox College
Phanar Greek Orthodox College or Phanar Roman Orthodox Lyceum (Özel Fener Rum Lisesi), known in Greek as the Great School of the Nation (Μεγάλη του Γένους Σχολή, Megáli toú Genous Scholí), is the oldest surviving and most prestigious Greek Orthodox school in Istanbul, Turkey.
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Pompiliu Eliade
Pompiliu Eliade (April 13, 1869 – May 24, 1914) was a Romanian literary critic and historian.
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Popești-Leordeni
Popești-Leordeni is a town in Ilfov County, Romania, 9 km south of Bucharest, although from the northern edge of the town to the southern edge of Bucharest the distance is less than 100 m. The town's population in 2011 was 21,895 inhabitants.
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Prince Charles Louis, Duke of Chartres
Prince Charles Louis of Orléans, Duke of Chartres (Charles Louis Henri Foulques Benoît Elzéar Jean Marie; born 28 July 1972) is the elder son of Prince Jacques, Duke of Orléans and Gersende de Sabran-Pontevès.
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Princess Sophie of Albania
Princess Sophie of Schönburg-Waldenburg (Sophie Helene Cecilie Prinzessin von Schönburg-Waldenburg; 21 May 1885 – 3 February 1936) was the consort of Prince William of Wied.
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Prut
The Prut (also spelled in English as Pruth;, Прут) is a long river in Eastern Europe.
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Pruth River Campaign
The Russo-Ottoman War of 1710–11, also known as the Pruth River Campaign after the main event of the war, erupted as a consequence of the defeat of Sweden by the Russian Empire in the Battle of Poltava and the escape of the wounded Charles XII of Sweden and his large retinue to the Ottoman-held fortress of Bender.
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Racoviță
The Racoviţă (anglicized Racovitza) was a family of Moldavian and Wallachian boyars which gave the Danubian Principalities several hospodars, becoming influential within the Ottoman Empire and the Phanariote kinship network.
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Radu Leon
Radu Leon was ruler of Wallachia from 1664 to 1669.
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Radu Rosetti
Radu Rosetti (Francized Rodolphe Rosetti; September 14, 1853 – February 12, 1926) was a Moldavian, later Romanian politician, historian and novelist, father of General Radu R. Rosetti and a prominent member of the Rosetti family.
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Rallou Karatza
Princess Rallou Karatza (Ραλλού Καρατζά, Ralu Caragea; 1799–1870), was a Phanariote Greek artist.
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Regulamentul Organic
Regulamentul Organic (Organic Regulation; Règlement Organique; r)The name also has plural versions in all languages concerned, referring to the dual nature of the document; however, the singular version is usually preferred.
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Rigas Feraios
Rigas Feraios (Ρήγας Φεραίος, or Rhegas Pheraeos) or Velestinlis (Βελεστινλής, or Velestinles)); 1757 – 24 June 1798) was a Greek writer, political thinker and revolutionary, active in the Modern Greek Enlightenment, remembered as a Greek national hero, a victim of the Balkan uprising against the Ottoman Empire and a pioneer of the Greek War of Independence.
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Rise of nationalism in the Ottoman Empire
The rise of the Western notion of nationalism under the Ottoman Empire eventually caused the breakdown of the Ottoman millet concept.
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Romania in the Middle Ages
The Middle Ages in Romania began with the withdrawal of the Mongols, the last of the migrating populations to invade the territory of modern Romania, after their attack of 1241–1242.
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Romania–Russia relations
Romania–Russia relations are the foreign relations between Romania and Russia.
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Romanian literature
Romanian literature is literature written by Romanian authors, although the term may also be used to refer to all literature written in the Romanian language.
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Românul
Românul (meaning "The Romanian"; originally spelled Romanulu or Românulŭ, also known as Romînul, Concordia, Libertatea and Consciinti'a Nationala), was a political and literary newspaper published in Bucharest, Romania, from 1857 to 1905.
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Roxandra Sturdza
Roxandra or Roxana or Roksandra Skarlatovna Edling-Sturdza (1786 – 1844) was a philanthropist and a writer.
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Rum Millet
Rūm millet (millet-i Rûm), or "Roman nation", was the name of the Eastern Orthodox Christian community in the Ottoman Empire.
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Scarlat Callimachi
Scarlat Callimachi or Calimachi (nicknamed Prinţul Roşu, "the Red Prince"; September 20, 1896–June 2, 1975) was a Romanian journalist, essayist, futurist poet, trade unionist, and communist activist, a member of the Callimachi family of boyar and Phanariote lineage.
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Secularization of monastic estates in Romania
The law on the secularization of monastic estates in Romania was proposed in December 1863 by Domnitor Alexandru Ioan Cuza and approved by the Parliament of Romania.
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Senate of Western Continental Greece
The Senate of Western Continental Greece (Γερουσία της Δυτικής Χέρσου Ελλάδος) was a provisional regime that existed in western Central Greece during the early stages of the Greek War of Independence.
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Serb volunteers in the Greek War of Independence
Some Serbs joined the Greeks, their co-religionists, in the Greek War of Independence (1821–29).
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Serbian Orthodox Church
The Serbian Orthodox Church (Српска православна црква / Srpska pravoslavna crkva) is one of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Christian Churches.
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Slavery in Romania
Slavery (robie) existed on the territory of present-day Romania from before the founding of the principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia in 13th–14th century, until it was abolished in stages during the 1840s and 1850s, and also until 1783, in Transylvania and Bukovina (parts of the Habsburg Monarchy).
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Socola Monastery
Socola Monastery or Schimbarea la Față ("Transfiguration") was a Romanian Orthodox establishment located in the eponymous quarter of southern Iaşi, Romania.
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Sophia of Prussia
Sophia of Prussia (Sophia Dorothea Ulrike Alice; 14 June 1870 – 13 January 1932) was Queen consort of Greece during 1913–1917 and 1920–1922.
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Sophronius of Vratsa
Saint Sophronius of Vratsa (or Sofroniy Vrachanski; Софроний Врачански) (1739–1813), born Stoyko Vladislavov (Стойко Владиславов), was a Bulgarian cleric and one of the leading figures of the early Bulgarian National Revival.
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Soutzos family
The Soutzos or Soutsos (or Sutzu) is a Greek Phanariote family which grew into prominence and power in Constantinople (present-day Istanbul) during the last centuries of Ottoman Empire and gave several short-reign hospodars to the Danubian Principalities, like Alexandros Soutzos, Mihai Suțu and Michael Soutzos (Mihail Suțu).
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Sudiți
For the commune in Ialomița County, see Sudiți, Ialomița.
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Symbols of Romanian Royalty
The symbols of Romanian Royalty consist of the five symbols of the supreme authority: the Royal Crown, the mace (the marshal's baton), the Royal Mantle, the Royal Standard and the Royal Cypher.
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The Iron Candlestick
The Iron Candlestick (Железният светилник, Zhelezniat svetilnik; also translated The Iron Oil Lamp) is a Bulgarian historical novel by Dimitar Talev.
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Theodoros Negris
Theodoros Negris (Θεόδωρος Νέγρης, Constantinople, 1790 – Nafplio, 22 November 1824) was a Greek politician.
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Timeline of modern Greek history
This is a timeline of modern Greek history.
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Timeline of Romanian history
This is a timeline of Romanian history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Romania and its predecessor states.
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Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca
The Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca Küçük Kaynarca Antlaşması (also spelled Kuchuk Kainarji) was a peace treaty signed on 21 July 1774, in Küçük Kaynarca (today Kaynardzha, Bulgaria) between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire.
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Tudor Vladimirescu
Tudor Vladimirescu (c. 1780 –) was a Romanian revolutionary hero, the leader of the Wallachian uprising of 1821 and of the Pandur militia.
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Tzavaras
According to genealogical researchers the surname Tzavaras (Greek: Τζαβάρας) can be classified as of patronymic / nickname origin.
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Urmuz
Urmuz (pen name of Demetru Dem. Demetrescu-Buzău, also known as Hurmuz or Ciriviș, born Dimitrie Dim. Ionescu-Buzeu; March 17, 1883 – November 23, 1923) was a Romanian writer, lawyer and civil servant, who became a cult hero in Romania's avant-garde scene.
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Varieties of Modern Greek
The linguistic varieties of Modern Greek can be classified along two principal dimensions.
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Vasile Pogor
Vasile V. Pogor (Francized Basile Pogor; August 20, 1833 – March 20, 1906) was a Moldavian, later Romanian poet, philosopher, translator and liberal conservative politician, one of the founders of Junimea literary society.
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Văcărescu family
The Văcărescu family was a boyar family of Wallachia (now part of Romania).
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Vitsa
Vitsa (Βίτσα) is one of the largest villages of central Zagori.
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Vlastos
Vlastos or Vlasto (Βλαστος) (or 'Blasto/us' in some Greek/Latin translations).
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Wallachia
Wallachia or Walachia (Țara Românească; archaic: Țeara Rumânească, Romanian Cyrillic alphabet: Цѣра Рȣмѫнѣскъ) is a historical and geographical region of Romania.
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Wallachian princely election, 1842
Elections for the princely throne of Wallachia were held on December 20–21, 1842 (New Style: January 1–2, 1843), marking the start of Gheorghe Bibescu's rule.
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Wallachian uprising of 1821
The uprising of 1821 was a social and political rebellion in Wallachia, which was at the time a tributary state of the Ottoman Empire.
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Ypsilantis
The Ypsilantis (Υψηλάντης; Ipsilanti) were a Greek Phanariote family which grew into prominence and power in Constantinople during the last centuries of Ottoman Empire and gave several short-reign hospodars to the Danubian Principalities.
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Yves Mourousi
Yves Mourousi (20 July 1942 in Suresnes, Hauts-de-Seine – 7 April 1998 in Paris) was a French television and radio news presenter and journalist.
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Zagori
Zagori (Greek: Ζαγόρι), is a region and a municipality in the Pindus mountains in Epirus, in northwestern Greece.
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Redirects here:
Fanariote, Fanariots, Phanariot, Phanariot Greeks, Phanariote, Phanariote Greeks, Phanariots.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phanariotes
