Communication

1155 relations: A. Peter Dewey, Abakanowicz, Adam Boryczka, Adam Epler, Adam Lazarowicz, Adam Michał Czartoryski, Adam Mniszek, Adam Nieniewski, Adam Obrubański, Adam Remigiusz Grocholski, Adam Słodowy, Adam Solski, Adam Sowa, Adam Ważyk, Adam Wawrosz, Adam Zygmunt Sapieha, Adamów, Łuków County, Adolf Galland, Aeronautics Defense Orbiter, Afanasij Poliszczuk, AHS Krab, Aleksander Żyw, Aleksander Gabszewicz, Aleksander Jeljaszewicz, Aleksander Kawałkowski, Aleksander Małecki, Aleksander Narbut-Łuczyński, Aleksander Orłowski, Aleksander Prystor, Aleksander Romanowicz, Aleksander Stawarz, Aleksander Wat, Aleksandra Socha, Aleksandra Zagórska, Alexandre Chkheidze, Alfred Biłyk, Alfred von Niezychowski, Alfred Wojciech Potocki, Alice Habsburg, Alliant Techsystems, Allied Command Transformation, Allied Joint Force Command Brunssum, Allied leaders of World War II, Alojzy Wir-Konas, Anatol Stern, Andrew Jenike, Andrey Sheptytsky, Andrzej Bogucki, Andrzej Kowerski, Andrzej Mokronowski, ..., Aniela Krzywoń, 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(bear), Women's Auxiliary Service (Poland), WR-40 Langusta, Wrzesień żagwiący, Wyższa Szkoła Wojenna, Wz. 35 anti-tank rifle, WZT, Yavoriv, Yazlovets, Yehoshua Cohen, Yertsevo, Zakaria Bakradze, Zamarstyniv, Zamoyski Family Fee Tail, Zarzewie, Zawisza Bydgoszcz, Zawrat, Zbigniew Ścibor-Rylski, Zbigniew Burzyński, Zdzisław Lubomirski, Zefiryn Machalla, Zenon Jankowski, Zofia Leśniowska, Zolochiv, Zygmunt Bauman, Zygmunt Berling, Zygmunt Kiszkurno, Zygmunt Podhorski, Zygmunt Rumel, Zygmunt Szendzielarz, Zygmunt Zaleski, Zygmunt Zintel, 10th Armoured Cavalry Brigade (Poland), 10th Cavalry Brigade, 10th Infantry Division (Poland), 10th Infantry Regiment (Poland), 10th Lithuanian Uhlan Regiment, 10TP, 111th Fighter Escadrille (Poland), 11th Armoured Cavalry Division, 11th Infantry Division (Poland), 11th Infantry Regiment (Poland), 11th Legions Uhlan Regiment, 122 mm gun M1931/37 (A-19), 12th Infantry Division (Poland), 12th Infantry Regiment (Poland), 12th Podolian Uhlan Regiment, 13th Infantry Division (Poland), 13th Wilno Uhlan Regiment, 14th Infantry Division (Poland), 14th Jazlowiec Uhlan Regiment, 14th Kujavian Infantry Regiment, 14TP, 15th Infantry Division (Poland), 15th Wolves Infantry Regiment (Poland), 16th Greater Poland Uhlan Regiment, 16th Infantry Division (Poland), 16th Land of Tarnow Infantry Regiment, 17th Greater Poland Uhlan Regiment, 17th Infantry Division (Poland), 17th Infantry Regiment (Poland), 18th Infantry Division (Poland), 18th Infantry Regiment (Poland), 18th Pomeranian Uhlan Regiment, 18th Reconnaissance Regiment, 1919 Polish coup attempt, 1923 Kraków riot, 1937 peasant strike in Poland, 1938 in Poland, 1939 in aviation, 1939 in Poland, 1939 Poland v Hungary football match, 1943 Gibraltar B-24 crash, 1971 Łódź strikes, 1981 in Poland, 1988 Polish strikes, 19th Relief of Lwow Infantry Regiment, 19th Volhynian Uhlan Regiment, 1st Cavalry Division (Poland), 1st Krechowce Uhlan Regiment, 1st Legions Infantry Division (Poland), 1st Lithuanian–Belarusian Division, 1st Mechanised Division (Poland), 1st Mountain Brigade (Poland), 2010 Moscow Victory Day Parade, 2010 Polish Air Force Tu-154 crash, 20th Infantry Division (Poland), 20th Land of Krakow Infantry Regiment, 20th Uhlan Regiment of King Jan III Sobieski, 21st Mountain Infantry Division (Poland), 21st Vistula Uhlan Regiment, 22nd Carpathian Uhlan Regiment, 22nd Mountain Infantry Division (Poland), 23rd Grodno Uhlan Regiment, 23rd Infantry Division (Poland), 24th Infantry Division (Poland), 25th Greater Poland Uhlan Regiment, 25th Infantry Division (Poland), 26th Greater Poland Uhlan Regiment, 26th Infantry Division (Poland), 27th Infantry Division (Poland), 28th Infantry Division (Poland), 29th Infantry Division (Poland), 2nd Grochow Uhlan Regiment, 2nd Legions Home Army Infantry Division, 2nd Legions Infantry Division (Poland), 2nd Legions' Infantry Regiment, 2nd Mechanised Corps (Poland), 2nd Mountain Brigade (Poland), 2nd Rifle Division (Poland), 2S1 Gvozdika, 30th Infantry Division (Poland), 32nd Armoured Reconnaissance Group, 33rd Infantry Division (Poland), 35th Infantry Division (Poland), 36th Infantry Division (Poland), 36th Infantry Regiment (Poland), 38th Infantry Division (Poland), 39th Infantry Division (Poland), 3rd Legions Infantry Division (Poland), 3rd Legions' Infantry Regiment, 3rd Mountain Brigade (Poland), 3rd Silesian Uhlan Regiment, 41st Infantry Division (Poland), 44th Infantry Division (Poland), 49th Hutsul Rifle Regiment, 4th Cavalry Brigade (Poland), 4th Infantry Division (Poland), 4th Legions' Infantry Regiment, 4th Niemen Uhlan Regiment, 52nd Rifle Division, 55th Infantry Division (Poland), 5th Infantry Division (Poland), 5th Legions' Infantry Regiment, 5th Podhale Rifles Infantry Regiment, 5th Rifle Division (Poland), 5th Zaslaw Uhlan Regiment, 60th Infantry Division (Poland), 6th Infantry Division (Poland), 6th Kaniow Uhlan Regiment, 6th Legions' Infantry Regiment, 74th Infantry Regiment (Poland), 7th Coastal Defense Brigade, 7th Infantry Division (Poland), 7th Legions' Infantry Regiment, 7th Lublin Uhlan Regiment, 7TP, 85 mm divisional gun D-44, 8th Infantry Division (Poland), 8th Legions' Infantry Regiment, 8th Uhlan Regiment of Duke Jozef Poniatowski, 9th Infantry Division (Poland), 9th Legions' Infantry Regiment, 9th Lesser Poland Uhlan Regiment, 9th Panzer Division (Wehrmacht). 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A. Peter Dewey

Albert Peter Dewey (October 8, 1916 – September 26, 1945), was an American Office of Strategic Services operative shot to death in a case of mistaken identity by Communist aligned Viet Minh troops on September 26, 1945.

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Abakanowicz

Abakanowicz is a surname originating from the szlachta of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth under the Abdank coat of arms in Polish heraldry.

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Adam Boryczka

Adam Boryczka (1913-1988) was a Captain of the Polish Army and member of the underground Home Army in the area of Wilno, where he fought the Germans and after 1944 - the Soviets.

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Adam Epler

Adam Jozef Aleksander Epler (born December 1, 1891, in Lwów, Austrian Galicia; died October 24, 1965, in London) was a Colonel of Artillery of the Polish Army, posthumously promoted to Generał brygady.

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Adam Lazarowicz

Major Adam Lazarowicz (noms de guerre "Klamra", "Pomorski", "Zygmunt", "Jadzik", "Aleksander", 1902 – March 1, 1951) was a Polish military officer who played a prominent role in the Polish resistance movement in the German-occupied Poland in the Second World War.

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Adam Michał Czartoryski

Prince Adam Michał Czartoryski (1906–1998) was a Polish noble (szlachcic) of the Czartoryski magnate.

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Adam Mniszek

Adam Mniszek (15 November 1889 – 16 November 1957) was a lieutenant colonel in the Cavalry of the Polish Army.

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Adam Nieniewski

Colonel Adam Nieniewski (19 May 1886 - 25 April 1947) was a Polish military commander, an officer of the Polish Army and a veteran of World War I, Polish–Soviet War and World War II.

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Adam Obrubański

Adam Obrubański (18 December 1892, Kopychyntsi - 1940) was a Polish soccer player and soccer official, also a graduate of Kraków’s renowned Jagiellonian University.

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Adam Remigiusz Grocholski

Adam Remigiusz Grocholski war names "Brochwicz", "Doktor", "Inżynier", "Miś", "Waligóra", and pseudonym Żukowski (3 September 1888 – 17 March 1965) was a Lieutenant Colonel (Podpułkownik) of the Polish Army.

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Adam Słodowy

Adam Slodowy, (born 3 December 1923 in Czarnków) is a prominent Polish inventor, author, and TV host.

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Adam Solski

Adam Solski (born January 4, 1895) was a soldier of Polish Legions in World War I, participant in the Polish–Soviet War, and major of the Polish Army in the interwar period.

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Adam Sowa

Brigadier General (Ret) Adam Sowa (born 29 June 1957 in Kraków, Poland) was the deputy chief executive of the European Defence Agency.

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Adam Ważyk

Adam Ważyk born Ajzyk Wagman (November 17, 1905 – August 13, 1982) was a Polish poet, essayist and writer born to a Jewish family in Warsaw.

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Adam Wawrosz

Adam Wawrosz (24 December 1913 – 18 December 1971) was a Polish poet, writer, and activist from the Zaolzie region of Cieszyn Silesia.

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Adam Zygmunt Sapieha

Prince Adam Zygmunt Sapieha (2 May 1892 – 20 October 1970) was a military aviator and cavalry officer in the Polish Army.

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Adamów, Łuków County

Adamów is a village in Łuków County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.

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Adolf Galland

Adolf Joseph Ferdinand Galland (19 March 1912 – 9 February 1996) was a German Luftwaffe general and flying ace who served throughout the Second World War in Europe.

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Aeronautics Defense Orbiter

The Orbiter Mini UAV System is a compact and lightweight unmanned aerial vehicle designed for use in military and security applications.

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Afanasij Poliszczuk

Afanasij Poliszczuk (born 28 April 1903, date of death unknown) was a Ukrainian Soviet military officer, Brigadier General of the Polish Army and a veterinarian.

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AHS Krab

The AHS Krab (Polish for Crab) is a 155 mm NATO-compatible self-propelled tracked howitzer (or more precisely a gun-howitzer) designed in Poland by Centrum Produkcji Wojskowej Huta Stalowa Wola, by combining the South Korean K9 Thunder chassis with a British AS-90M ''Braveheart'' turret with 52-calibre gun and WB Electronics' "Topaz" artillery fire control system.

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Aleksander Żyw

Aleksander Zyw (1905–1995) can be seen as a quintessentially European artist.

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Aleksander Gabszewicz

Aleksander Klemens Gabszewicz (6 December 1911 – 10 October 1983) was a Polish fighter pilot and a World War II fighter ace, with a score of 9½ confirmed and 2 probable kills.

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Aleksander Jeljaszewicz

Aleksander Jeljaszewicz, known as "Sasza" (pronounced "Sasha") - probably because of the family tradition of service in the Russian military (22 March 1902 – 18 August 1978).

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Aleksander Kawałkowski

Aleksander Kawałkowski (1899–1965) was a Polish soldier and diplomat.

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Aleksander Małecki

Aleksander Antoni Włodzimierz Małecki (4 September 1901 – September 1939) was a Polish fencer.

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Aleksander Narbut-Łuczyński

Aleksander Narbut-Łuczyński (February 28, 1890 – July 20, 1977) was a Polish lawyer and military officer, a brigadier general of the Polish Army and a veteran of both the Polish-Bolshevik War and World War II.

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Aleksander Orłowski

Aleksander Orłowski (9 March 1777 – 13 March 1832) was a Polish painter and sketch artist, and a pioneer of lithography in the Russian Empire.

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Aleksander Prystor

Aleksander Błażej Prystor (2 January 1874–11 August 1941) was a Polish politician, soldier and activist who served as 23rd Prime Minister of Poland from 1931 to 1933.

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Aleksander Romanowicz

Aleksander Romanowicz was a general of cavalry in both Russian Imperial Army and Polish Army.

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Aleksander Stawarz

Aleksander Stawarz codename: Leśnik, Baca (7 August 1896, Nowy Targ - 28 January 1941, Auschwitz) was a Polish Army Colonel.

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Aleksander Wat

Aleksander Wat was the pen name of Aleksander Chwat (1 May 1900 – 29 July 1967), a Polish poet, writer, art theoretician, memorist, and one of the precursors of the Polish futurism movement in the early 1920s, considered to be one of the more important Polish writers of the mid 20th century.

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Aleksandra Socha

Aleksandra Socha (born March 30, 1982) is a Polish sabre fencer, bronze medal in the 2003 World Fencing Championships, European champion in 2004 and European team in 2008.

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Aleksandra Zagórska

Lt.

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Alexandre Chkheidze

Alexandre Chkheidze, also known under his Polish name of Aleksander Czcheidze (1878–1940), was a Polish-Georgian military officer.

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Alfred Biłyk

Alfred Biłyk (born 25 September 1889 in Lwów, now Ukraine, died 19 September 1939 in Munkacs, Ukraine, then in Hungary) was a Polish lawyer, military officer, and politician, last Voivode of the Lwów Voivodeship.

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Alfred von Niezychowski

Alfred Graf von Niezychowski (July 28, 1888 – June 13, 1964) was a German Count of Polish descent, a Lieutenant Commander of a German commerce raider ship during World War I, an author and lecturer, and a Michigan political candidate for public office.

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Alfred Wojciech Potocki

Count Alfred Wojciech Potocki hr.

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Alice Habsburg

Alice Habsburg (Alicja Elżbieta Ankarcrona) (18 December 1889 — 26 November 1985) was a Swedish-born aristocrat and member of the Polish Home Army during World War II.

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Alliant Techsystems

Alliant Techsystems Inc. (ATK) was an American aerospace, defense, and sporting goods company with its headquarters in Arlington County, Virginia, in the United States.

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Allied Command Transformation

Allied Command Transformation (ACT; Le Commandement allié Transformation) is a NATO military command, which was formed in 2003 after North Atlantic Treaty Organisation restructuring.

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Allied Joint Force Command Brunssum

The Allied Joint Force Command Brunssum (JFCBS) is a NATO command at Brunssum, the Netherlands.

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Allied leaders of World War II

The Allied leaders of World War II listed below comprise the important political and military figures who fought for or supported the Allies during World War II.

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Alojzy Wir-Konas

Alojzy Wir-Konas (Maków Podhalański, 1894 – 1940) was a Polish military commander and the Colonel in the Polish Army.

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Anatol Stern

Anatol Stern (24 October 1899 in Warsaw – 19 October 1968 in Warsaw) was a Polish poet, writer and art critic.

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Andrew Jenike

Dr.

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Andrey Sheptytsky

Andrey Sheptytsky, O.S.B.M., (Митрополит Андрей Шептицький; Polish: Andrzej Szeptycki; 29 July 1865 – 1 November 1944) was the Metropolitan Archbishop of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church from 1901 until his death in 1944.

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Andrzej Bogucki

Andrzej Bogucki (11 November 1904 – 29 July 1978) was a Polish television, stage and film actor, as well as operetta singer and songwriter, sometimes referred to as "The Polish Chevalier".

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Andrzej Kowerski

Andrzej Kowerski (18 May 1912 in Łabunie, Zamość County, Lublin Province, eastern Poland – 8 December 1988 in Munich) was a Polish Army officer and SOE agent during World War II.

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Andrzej Mokronowski

Andrzej Mokronowski (1713–1784) was a notable member of the Polish szlachta, a politician and general of the Polish Army.

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Aniela Krzywoń

Aniela Krzywoń (27 May 1925 – 12 October 1943) was a private in the "Emilia Plater" Independent Women's Battalion of the Polish Army during the Second World War and became the only woman in history who was not a citizen of the Soviet Union to be awarded the USSR's highest honor for bravery, the title Hero of the Soviet Union, after she died of injuries sustained while rescuing important military documents from a burning truck after a Luftwaffe bombing raid.

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Anti-Fascist Military Organisation

Antyfaszystowska Organizacja Bojowa (Polish for Anti-Fascist Military Organisation) was an underground organization formed in 1942 in the Ghetto in Białystok by former officers of the Polish Land Forces.

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Anti-tank rifle

An anti-tank rifle is a rifle designed to penetrate the armor of vehicles, particularly tanks.

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Antisemitism in Ukraine

Haidamakas hang a Jew. Ukrainian folk art, XIX century Antisemitism in Ukraine has been a historical issue in the country, but became even more widespread in the twentieth century.

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Antoni Chruściel

Gen. Antoni Chruściel (nom de guerre Monter; 1895–1960) was a Polish military officer and a general of the Polish Army.

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Antoni Dunin

Antoni Dunin (1907–1939) was a Polish nobleman (szlachta), a Hrabia (Count), and an army officer who received the Virtuti Militari award.

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Antoni Gorecki

Antoni Gorecki (1787 – 18 September 1861) was a Polish poet and writer, author of satires and short stories for children.

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Antoni Heda

Antoni Heda (October 11, 1916 – February 15, 2008) was a Polish military commander and a notable veteran of the Polish resistance movement in World War II and later independence movement against Soviet occupation following the war.

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Antoni Janusz

Antoni Janusz (30 January 1902 – 28 August 2000) was a Polish sportsman, soldier and pilot.

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Antoni Kiewnarski

Antoni Wladyslaw Kiewnarski (26 January 1899 – 31 March 1944) known as “Tony” was a Polish Vickers Wellington bomber “Observer and Captain” flying from England when he was taken prisoner during the Second World War.

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Antoni Koper

Antoni Stefan Koper (September 6, 1906 – June 13, 1990) was active in the Polish resistance movement during World War II and served as a lieutenant in the Polish Home Army.

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Antoni Olechnowicz

Antoni Olechnowicz (1905–1951) was a Polish military officer.

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Antoni Potocki (1780–1850)

Count Antoni Norbert Potocki hr.

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Antoni Przybylski

Antoni Przybylski (1913 in Rogoźno — September 21, 1984 in Queanbeyan), by Thomas Hockey, in the Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers; published 2014 by Springer Verlag, sometimes referred to as "Bill", was a Polish-Australian astronomer best known as the namesake of Przybylski's Star.

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Antoni Szylling

Antoni Szylling (31 August 1884 - 17 June 1971) was a Polish general, considered, along with Generals Wiktor Thommée and Stanisław Maczek, to have been one of the most successful Polish Army commanders during the Invasion of Poland of 1939.

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Antoni Wereszczyński

Antoni Wereszczyński (17 December 1890 – 4 September 1953) was a Colonel in the Polish Army.

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Antoni Wroniecki

Antoni Wroniecki (1790 - 1838) was a Polish military officer and a General of the Polish Army during the November Uprising of 1831.

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April 16

No description.

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April Constitution of Poland

The April Constitution of Poland (Ustawa konstytucyjna 23 IV 1935 or Konstytucja kwietniowa) was the general law passed by the act of the Polish Sejm on 23 April 1935.

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Archduke Karl Albrecht of Austria

Archduke Karl Albrecht of Austria-Teschen (Karl Albrecht Nikolaus Leo Gratianus von Österreich, later Karl Albrecht Habsburg-Lothringen, since 1919 – Karol Olbracht Habsburg-Lotaryński; (Pula, 18 December 1888 – Östervik, near Stockholm, 17 March 1951).

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Armed Forces Day (Poland)

Armed Forces Day, known also as the Feast of the Polish Armed Forces (Święto Wojska Polskiego), is a national holiday celebrated annually on 15 August in Poland, commemorating the anniversary of the 1920 victory over Soviet Russia at the Battle of Warsaw during the Polish–Soviet War.

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Armoured Forces Training Centre

Armoured Forces Training Centre - Armoured Forces Training Centre of the Polish Forces in the West.

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Armoured trains of Poland

Armored trains of Poland mostly date to the World War I period.

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Army cooperation aircraft

The army cooperation aircraft was an inter-war concept of an aircraft capable of support of ground units in a variety of roles.

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Army of the Czech Republic

The Army of the Czech Republic (Armáda České republiky, AČR), also known as the Czech Army or Czech Armed Forces, is the military service responsible for the defence of the Czech Republic in compliance with international obligations and treaties on collective defence.

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Army officer ranks

Armies have military rank systems that are often used by other military services such as air forces or marines.

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Artur Kohutek

Artur Kohutek (born 1 May 1971 in Osiek) is a Polish hurdler and soldier of the Polish Army.

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Artur Potocki

Artur Stanisław Potocki (1787–1832) was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic).

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AS-90

The AS-90 ("Artillery System for the 1990s"), known officially as Gun Equipment 155 mm L131, is an armoured self-propelled artillery weapon used by the British Army.

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At attention

The position of at attention, or standing at attention, is a military posture which involves the following general postures.

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Attempts to escape Oflag IV-C

Prisoners made numerous attempts to escape from Oflag IV-C, one of the most famous German Army prisoner-of-war camps for officers in World War II.

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Auberon Herbert (landowner)

Auberon Mark Yvo Henry Molyneux Herbert (1922-1974) was a British landowner and advocate of Eastern European causes after World War II.

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August Kowalczyk

August Marian Kowalczyk (15 August 1921 – 29 July 2012) was a Polish actor, theatre, television and film director who was the last survivor of a breakout of prisoners from Auschwitz Concentration Camp on 10 June 1942.

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Aviation Regiment

Aviation Regiment or Air Regiment is a type of military aviation unit, often used by the aviation corps of an army and equivalent to a Wing or Group, in most air forces.

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Čierne

Čierne is a village and municipality in Čadca District in the Žilina Region of northern Slovakia, on the border with Poland and the Czech Republic.

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Łazienki Park

Łazienki Park (Park Łazienkowski or Łazienki Królewskie: "Baths Park" or "Royal Baths"; also rendered "Royal Baths Park") is the largest park in Warsaw, Poland, occupying 76 hectares of the city center.

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Łowicz

Łowicz is a town in central Poland with 28,811 inhabitants (2016).

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Śmiały (armoured train)

The armoured train Śmiały (Polish for Bold), officially armoured train number 53 was an armoured train of the Polish Army that saw significant action during the German Invasion of Poland in September 1939.

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Śmigły Wilno

Śmigły Wilno was a Polish soccer team.

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Świdnik

Świdnik is a municipality in eastern Poland with 40,186 inhabitants (2012), situated in the Lublin Voivodeship, southeast of the city of Lublin.

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Żeligowski's Mutiny

Żeligowski's Mutiny (bunt Żeligowskiego also żeligiada, Želigovskio maištas) was a Polish military operation led by General Lucjan Żeligowski in October 1920, which resulted in the creation of the Republic of Central Lithuania.

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Żoliborz

Żoliborz is one of the northern districts of the city of Warsaw.

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Żurawiejka

Żurawiejka was a short, two-line facetious couplet, written specifically for cavalry regiments of the Polish Army in the interbellum period.

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Bartosz Głowacki (armoured train)

Armoured Train Bartosz Glowacki, also called Armoured Train number 55 was a Polish Army Armoured train, used during the Polish-Soviet War and the Polish September Campaign.

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Baruch Steinberg

Baruch or Boruch Steinberg (17 December 1897–after 9 April 1940) was a Polish rabbi and military officer.

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Battle of Bautzen (1945)

The Battle of Bautzen (or Battle of Budziszyn, April 1945) was one of the last battles of the Eastern Front during World War II.

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Battle of Borkowo

The Battle of Borkowo took place on August 14–15, 1920, during the Polish–Soviet War.

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Battle of Borodzianka

The Battle of Borodzianka took place on June 11–13, 1920, during the Kiev Offensive of the Polish Army in the Polish–Soviet War.

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Battle of Borowa Góra

Battle of Borowa Góra (Bitwa pod Borową Górą) refers to the series of battles from 2 to 5 September 1939 that took place near the Góry Borowskie hills, south west from Piotrków Trybunalski and east of Bełchatów.

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Battle of Brześć Litewski

The Battle of Brześć Litewski (also known as the Siege of Brześć, Battle of Brest-Litovsk or simply Battle of Brześć) was a World War II battle involving German and Polish forces that took place between 14 and 17 September 1939, near the town of Brześć Litewski (now Brest, Belarus).

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Battle of Chorupań

The Battle of Chorupan took place near the village of Chorupan, northwest of Dubno Volhynia, on July 13–19, 1920, during the Polish-Soviet War.

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Battle of Czarnobyl (1920)

The Battle of Czarnobyl took place on April 27, 1920, near the town of Chernobyl, Ukraine, during the Polish-Soviet War.

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Battle of Dęblin and Mińsk Mazowiecki

The Battle of Deblin and Minsk Mazowiecki took place on August 16–18, 1920, during the Polish-Soviet War.

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Battle of Hel

The Battle of Hel was one of the longest battles of the Invasion of Poland during World War II.

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Battle of Husynne

The Battle of Husynne (bitwa pod Husynnem) was an armed engagement fought on 24 September 1939 between the Polish Army and the Red Army during the Nazi and Soviet invasion of Poland.

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Battle of Jarosław

The Battle of Jarosław (known as the Defence of Jarosław in Polish sources) took place between September 10 and September 11, 1939, in the city of Jarosław on the San River.

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Battle of Kampinos Forest

The Battle of Kampinos Forest was in fact a series of skirmishes and battles fought in the forests around Kampinos during the Invasion of Poland of 1939, between the Polish Army and the German Wehrmacht.

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Battle of Kępa Oksywska

The Battle of Kępa Oksywska took place in the Oksywie Heights outside the city of Gdynia between September 10 and September 19, 1939.

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Battle of Kock (1920)

The Battle of Kock was fought between August 14 and 16, 1920 in the vicinity of the town of Kock in east-central Poland.

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Battle of Komarów

The Battle of Komarów, or the Zamość Ring, was one of the most important battles of the Polish-Soviet War.

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Battle of Koziatyn

The Battle of Koziatyn (also known as the Raid on Koziatyn and Koziatyn Envelopment) of 25–27 April 1920 was one of the most spectacular raids of the Polish cavalry during the Polish-Soviet War.

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Battle of Krwawy Bór

The Battle of Krwawy Bor took place on September 27 and 28, 1920, during the Polish-Soviet War.

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Battle of Lemberg (1918)

Battle of Lemberg (Lviv, Lwów) (in Polish historiography called Defense of Lwów) begun on 1 November 1918 and lasted till May 1919 and was a six months long conflict between the attacking forces of the West Ukrainian People's Republic and local Polish civilian population assisted later by regular Polish Army forces for the control over the city of Lviv (Lwów, Lemberg), in what was then eastern part of Galicia and now is western part of Ukraine.

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Battle of Lwów (1939)

The Battle of Lwów (sometimes called the Siege of Lwów) was a World War II battle for the control over the Polish city of Lwów (now Lviv, Ukraine) between the Polish Army and the invading Wehrmacht and the Red Army.

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Battle of Olszynka Grochowska

The Battle of Olszynka Grochowska was fought on 25 February 1831 in the woods near Grochów, on the eastern outskirts of Warsaw.

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Battle of Ostrołęka (1920)

The Battle of Ostrołęka took place on August 2–6, 1920, during the Polish–Soviet War.

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Battle of Przemyśl (1939)

The Defence of Przemyśl took place between September 11–14, 1939, during the Invasion of Poland.

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Battle of Radzymin (1920)

The Battle of Radzymin (Bitwa pod Radzyminem) took place during the Polish–Soviet War (1919–21).

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Battle of Sarnowa Góra

The Battle of Sarnowa Góra took place on August 14–15, 1920, during the Polish–Soviet War.

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Battle of Sejny

The Battle of Sejny took place in September 1920 during the Polish–Soviet War and Polish–Lithuanian War.

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Battle of Szack

Battle of Szack (Shatsk) was one of the major battles between the Polish Army and the Red Army fought in 1939 in the beginning of the Second World War.

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Battle of the Niemen River

The Battle of the Niemen River was the second-greatest battle of the Polish–Soviet War.

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Battle of Tuchola Forest

The Battle of Tuchola Forest (Schlacht in der Tucheler Heide, Bitwa w Borach Tucholskich) refers to one of the first battles of the Second World War during the invasion of Poland, 1939.

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Battle of Warsaw (1831)

The Battle of Warsaw was fought in September 1831 between Imperial Russia and Poland.

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Battle of Warsaw (1920)

The Battle of Warsaw refers to the decisive Polish victory in 1920 during the Polish–Soviet War.

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Battle of Westerplatte

The Battle of Westerplatte was one of the first battles in the Invasion of Poland marking the start of the Second World War in Europe.

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Battle of Wizna

The Battle of Wizna was fought between September 7 and September 10, 1939, between the forces of Poland and Germany during the initial stages of invasion of Poland.

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Battle of Wołodarka

The Battle of Wołodarka was a clash between the Polish Army and Siemion Budionnyi's First Cavalry Army.

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Battle of Zadwórze

Battle of Zadwórze (sometimes referred to as the "Polish Thermopylae") was a battle of the Polish-Soviet War.

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Battlefield Evolution

Set in the near future, and inspired by games such as Battlefield 2, Battlefield Evolution is a miniature wargame from Mongoose Publishing, the same company that created the Starship Troopers: The Miniatures Game.

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Battles of Parczew, Jabłoń and Milanów

The Battles of Parczew, Jabłoń and Milanów constituted one of the major battles between the Polish Army and the Red Army during the Soviet invasion of Poland.

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Bechowiec-1

Bechowiec (aka Bechowiec-1) was a Polish World War II submachine gun developed and produced by the underground Bataliony Chłopskie (BCh, Peasants' Battalions) resistance organisation.

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Belarus

Belarus (Беларусь, Biełaruś,; Беларусь, Belarus'), officially the Republic of Belarus (Рэспубліка Беларусь; Республика Беларусь), formerly known by its Russian name Byelorussia or Belorussia (Белоруссия, Byelorussiya), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe bordered by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest.

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Belarusian resistance movement

Belarusian resistance movement are the resistance movements on the territory of contemporary Belarus.

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BELMA

BELMA is a Polish defence company located in Białe Błota.

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Berek Lajcher

Berek Lajcher (October 24, 1893 – August 2, 1943) was a Jewish physician and social activist from Wyszków before the Holocaust in Poland, remembered for his leadership in the prisoner uprising at Treblinka extermination camp.

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Berezhany

Berezhany (Бережани, Brzeżany, Brezhan, בּז'יז'אני/בּז'ז'ני Bzhezhani/Bzhizhani) is a city of regional significance located in the Ternopil Oblast (province) of western Ukraine.

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Białystok

Białystok (Bielastok, Balstogė, Belostok, Byalistok) is the largest city in northeastern Poland and the capital of the Podlaskie Voivodeship.

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Biali Kurierzy

White Couriers (Polish: Biali Kurierzy) was a group of around 20-30 Polish boyscouts and former soldiers of the Polish Army, most of whom had been associated with the interbellum sports club Junak Drohobycz.

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Bielski partisans

The Bielski partisans were a unit of Jewish partisans who rescued Jews from extermination and fought the German occupiers and their collaborators around Nowogródek (Navahrudak) and Lida (now in western Belarus) in German-occupied Poland.

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Bielsko Operational Group

Operational Group Bielsko (Grupa Operacyjna Bielsko, GO Bielsko), named after southern Polish city of Bielsko-Biała, was an Operational Group of the Polish Army which fought in the 1939 Invasion of Poland.

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Biuro Szyfrów

The Biuro Szyfrów (Polish for "Cipher Bureau") was the interwar Polish General Staff's Second Department's unit charged with SIGINT and both cryptography (the use of ciphers and codes) and cryptanalysis (the study of ciphers and codes, for the purpose of "breaking" them).

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Black beret

The black beret is a type of headgear commonly worn by armoured forces around the world including the British Army's Royal Tank Regiment (RTR), the Royal Canadian Armoured Corps (RCAC), and the Royal Australian Armoured Corps (RAAC).

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Blitzkrieg

Blitzkrieg (German, "lightning war") is a method of warfare whereby an attacking force, spearheaded by a dense concentration of armoured and motorised or mechanised infantry formations with close air support, breaks through the opponent's line of defence by short, fast, powerful attacks and then dislocates the defenders, using speed and surprise to encircle them with the help of air superiority.

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Bloody Sunday (1939)

Bloody Sunday (Bromberger Blutsonntag; Krwawa niedziela) was a sequence of events that took place in Bydgoszcz (Bromberg), a Polish city with a sizable German minority, between 3 and 4 September 1939, immediately after the German invasion of Poland.

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BMP-1 service history

The Soviet BMP-1 is a tracked, amphibious infantry fighting vehicle (IFV) with a long service history.

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Bochnia

Bochnia (German: Salzberg) is a town of 30,000 inhabitants on the river Raba in southern Poland.

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Boeing Insitu RQ-21 Blackjack

The Boeing Insitu RQ-21 Blackjack, formerly called the Integrator, is an American unmanned air vehicle designed and built by Boeing Insitu to meet a United States Navy requirement for a small tactical unmanned air system (STUAS).

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Boernerowo

Boernerowo is a neighbourhood in the Warsaw's borough of Bemowo.

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Bolesław Bronisław Duch

Bolesław Bronisław Duch (1885–1980) was a Polish Major General and General Inspector of the Armed Forces in 1980.

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Bolesław Kontrym

Lieutenant Bolesław Kontrym (Zatruka, Russian Empire, 27 August 1898 – 20 January 1953, Warsaw, Poland), also known by codenames Żmudzin, Biały, Bielski and Cichocki, was a Polish Army officer, a Home Army soldier, participant in the Warsaw Uprising and organizer of underground secret-police force Cichociemni.

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Bolesław Mościcki

Bolesław Euzebiusz Mościcki was a Colonel of both Imperial Russian Army and Polish Army.

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Bolesław Roja

Brig. Gen. Bolesław Jerzy Roja (4 April 1876 − 27 May 1940) was an officer of the Polish Legions in World War I, a general, and a politician in the Second Polish Republic, recipient of some of the highest Polish military awards including Virtuti Militari.

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Bolesław Zajączkowski

Capt. Bolesław Zajączkowski (1891 in Kraków – August 17, 1920 in Zadwórze) was a Polish lawyer and reserve officer of the Polish Army.

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Border Guard (Poland)

The Polish Border Guard (Polish Straż Graniczna, also abbreviated as SG) is a state security agency tasked with patrolling the Polish border.

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Border Protection Corps

The Border Protection Corps (Korpus Ochrony Pogranicza, KOP) was a Polish military formation that was created in 1924 to defend the country's eastern borders against armed Soviet incursions and local bandits.

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Borne Sulinowo

Borne Sulinowo (former German name: Groß Born) is a town in Poland's Western Pomeranian Voivodship, in the Powiat of Szczecinek.

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Borys Karnicki

Borys Karnicki (September 25, 1907 – February 15, 1985) was a submarine commander of the Polish Navy during World War II.

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Boyen Fortress

Boyen Fortress (Feste Boyen, Twierdza Boyen) is a former Prussian fortress located in the western part of Giżycko, in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northeastern Poland.

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Brest, Belarus

Brest (Брэст There is also the name "Berestye", but it is found only in the Old Russian language and Tarashkevich., Брест Brest, Берестя Berestia, בריסק Brisk), formerly Brest-Litoŭsk (Брэст-Лiтоўск) (Brest-on-the-Bug), is a city (population 340,141 in 2016) in Belarus at the border with Poland opposite the Polish city of Terespol, where the Bug and Mukhavets rivers meet.

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Bronisław Bohatyrewicz

Bronisław Bohatyrewicz of Ostoja (1870–1940) was a Polish military commander and a general of the Polish Army.

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Bronisław Gancarz

Bronisław Gancarz (October 31, 1906 in Rudnik nad Sanem - September 30, 1960 in Nisko) was a Polish track and field athlete.

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Bronisław Krzywobłocki

Bronisław Krzywobłocki (June 19, 1857 – October 25, 1943) was a Polish military officer and a Colonel of the Polish Army.

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Bronisław Pieracki

Bronisław Wilhelm Pieracki (28 May 1895 in Gorlice - 15 June 1934 in Warsaw) was a Polish military officer and politician.

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Browning wz. 1928

The Browning wz.1928 is a Polish version of the M1918 BAR.

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Brygada Częstochowa

Brygada Częstochowa was a soccer team from Częstochowa, Poland.

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Bułak-Bałachowicz

Bułak-Bałachowicz was the surname of two brothers, generals of the Russian and then the Polish Army.

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Burshtyn

Burštýn (Буршти́н, Bursztyn, בורשטין) is a city located in the Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, in western Ukraine, to the north of Halych.

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Byaroza

Biaroza (Бяро́за, official Belarusian romanization standard: Biaroza, formerly Бяро́за-Карту́зская; Beryoza; Bereza) is a town of 31 000 inhabitants (1995) in Western Belarus in Brest Region and the administrative center of the Byaroza District.

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C4P

Samochód półgąsienicowy wz.

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C7P

C7P (an abbreviation of Ciągnik Siedmiotonowy Polski, "7-tonnes Polish Tractor") was a Polish tracked artillery tractor, used by the Polish Army before and during World War II.

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Captain (armed forces)

The army rank of captain (from the French capitaine) is a commissioned officer rank historically corresponding to the command of a company of soldiers.

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Carpathian Half-Brigade of National Defence

Carpathian Half-Brigade of National Defence (Karpacka Półbrygada Obrony Narodowej) was a unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period that took part in the Polish September Campaign.

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Casimir

Casimir is an English, French and Latin form of the Polish name Kazimierz.

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Cavalry

Cavalry (from the French cavalerie, cf. cheval 'horse') or horsemen were soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback.

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Cavalry Division Zaza

The Cavalry Division Zaza was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army, which was formed on September 18, 1939, during the Invasion of Poland.

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Cerizay Officer Center

The Cerizay Officer Center (Polish: Ośrodek Oficerski w Cerizay) was a detention center for officers of the Polish Army, who managed to reach France after the September 1939 Invasion of Poland.

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Chancellery of the Prime Minister of Poland

The Chancellery of the Prime Minister of Poland (Polish: Kancelaria Prezesa Rady Ministrów), or KPRM, is the executive office for the Prime Minister of Poland.

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Charles Lee (general)

Charles Lee (– 2 October 1782) served as a general of the Continental Army during the American War of Independence.

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Chauchat

The Chauchat was the standard light machine gun or "machine rifle" of the French Army during World War I (1914–18). Its official designation was "Fusil Mitrailleur Modele 1915 CSRG" ("Machine Rifle Model 1915 CSRG"). Beginning in June 1916, it was placed into regular service with French infantry, where the troops called it the FM Chauchat, after Colonel Louis Chauchat, the main contributor to its design. The Chauchat in 8mm Lebel was also extensively used in 1917–18 by the American Expeditionary Forces (A.E.F), where it was officially designated as the "Automatic Rifle, Model 1915 (Chauchat)". A total of 262,000 Chauchats were manufactured between December 1915 and November 1918, including 244,000 chambered for the 8mm Lebel service cartridge, making it the most widely manufactured automatic weapon of World War I. The armies of eight other nations – Belgium, Finland, Greece, Italy, Poland, Romania, Russia, and Serbia – also used the Chauchat machine rifle in fairly large numbers during and after World War I. The Chauchat was one of the first light, automatic rifle-caliber weapons designed to be carried and fired by a single operator and an assistant, without a heavy tripod or a team of gunners. It set a precedent for several subsequent 20th-century firearm projects, being a portable, yet full-power automatic weapon built inexpensively and in very large numbers. The Chauchat combined a pistol grip, an in-line stock, a detachable magazine, and a selective fire capability in a compact package of manageable weight (20 pounds) for a single soldier. Furthermore, it could be routinely fired from the hip and while walking (marching fire). The muddy trenches of northern France exposed a number of weaknesses in the Chauchat's design. Construction had been simplified to facilitate mass production, resulting in low quality of many metal parts. The magazines in particular were the cause of about 75% of the stoppages or cessations of fire; they were made of thin metal and open on one side, allowing for the entry of mud and dust. The weapon also ceased to function when overheated, the barrel sleeve remaining in the retracted position until the gun had cooled off. Consequently, in September 1918, barely two months before the Armistice of November 11, the A.E.F. in France had already initiated the process of replacing the Chauchat with the M1918 Browning Automatic Rifle. Shortly after World War I, the French army replaced the Chauchat with the new gas-operated Mle 1924 light machine gun. It was mass manufactured during World War I by two reconverted civilian plants: "Gladiator" and "Sidarme". Besides the 8mm Lebel version, the Chauchat machine rifle was also manufactured in U.S..30-06 Springfield and in 7.65×53mm Argentine Mauser caliber to arm the American Expeditionary Forces (A.E.F.) and the Belgian Army, respectively. The Belgian military did not experience difficulties with their Chauchats in 7.65mm Mauser and kept them in service into the early 1930s. Conversely, the Chauchat version in U.S..30-06 made by "Gladiator" for the A.E.F., the Model 1918, proved to be fundamentally defective and had to be withdrawn from service. The Chauchat is the only full-automatic weapon actuated by long recoil, a Browning-designed system already applied in 1906 to the Remington Model 8 semi-automatic rifle: extraction and ejection of the empties takes place when the barrel returns forward, while the bolt is retained in the rear position. The failure of its limited version in U.S. 30-06 (the Mle 1918) have led some modern experts to assess it as the "worst machine gun" ever fielded in the history of warfare. However the weapon did remain in active service for over two years during the First World War, was the most widely issued fully automatic light machine gun of that conflict and remained in service after the war ended with several armies.

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Chorąży

Chorąży or Khorunzhyi (means "Standard bearer"; Khorunzhyi) is a military rank in Poland, Ukraine and some neighboring countries.

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Chortkiv

Chortkiv (Чортків; Czortków; טשאָרטקאָוו Chortkov) is a city in Ternopil Oblast (province) in western Ukraine.

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Ckm wz. 25 Hotchkiss

The Ciężki karabin maszynowy wz.

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Ckm wz. 30

Ckm wz.

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Coat of arms of Poland

The coat of arms of Poland is a white, crowned eagle with a golden beak and talons, on a red background.

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Colonization attempts by Poland

Poland never formally had any colonial territories, however over its history the acquisition of such territories was at times contemplated, but never attempted.

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Combat Organization of the Polish Socialist Party

The Combat Organization of the Polish Socialist Party (Organizacja Bojowa Polskiej Partii Socjalistycznej, abbreviated OBPPS), also translated as Fighting Organization of the Polish Socialist Party; also known as bojówki (paramilitary units); Organizacja Spiskowo-Bojowa PPS (PPS Underground-Combat Organization); Koła Bojowe Samoobrony Robotniczej (Workers' Self-Defense Combat Circles) and Koła Techniczno-Bojowe (Combat-Technical Circles), was an illegal Polish guerrilla organization founded in 1904 by Józef Piłsudski.

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Comparative officer ranks of World War II

The following table compares the officer ranks appointed by the major Allied powers, the major Axis powers and various occupied countries and co-belligerents during World War II.

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Corporal

Corporal is a military rank in use in some form by many militaries and by some police forces or other uniformed organizations.

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Corsar

The RK-3 "Corsar" // "Army Recognition" (Ukrainian: РК-3 "Корсар") is an Ukrainian anti-tank missile being tested for the Ukrainian Ground Forces.

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Cross of Valour (Poland)

The Cross of Valor (Krzyż Walecznych) is a Polish military decoration.

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Culture in Białystok

Białystok is one of the largest cultural centers in the Podlaskie Voivodeship.

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Cyprian Godebski

Cyprian Godebski (1765 – 19 April 1809) was a Polish poet, novelist and father of writer Franciszek Ksawery.

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Częstochowa

Częstochowa,, is a city in southern Poland on the Warta River with 240,027 inhabitants as of June 2009.

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Czersk Operational Group

Czersk Operational Group (Grupa Operacyjna Czersk, otherwise known as Shielding Group Czersk; named after the town of Czersk, Poland) was an Operational Group (a type of tactical military unit) of the Polish Army.

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Czesław Bobrowski

Czesław Bobrowski (17 February 1904, Sarny – 18 May 1996, Warsaw) was a Polish economist.

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Czesław Cyraniak

Czesław Cyraniak (June 1, 1914 – September 11, 1939) was a Polish boxer who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.

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Czesław Mączyński

Col. Czesław Mączyński (9 July 1881 in Kaszyce - 15 July 1935 in Lwów) was a Polish officer, politician in the Second Polish Republic, and the Commander-in-chief of the Polish military contingent during the defense of Lwów – also called the Battle of Lemberg – throughout November 1918 (part of the Polish–Ukrainian War), as well as the Polish–Soviet War of 1920.

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Czesław Młot-Fijałkowski

Czesław Młot-Fijałkowski (1892–1944) was a Polish military officer and a brigadier general of the Polish Army.

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Czesław Piątas

Gen. Czesław Piątas (born 20 March 1946) is a Polish general, former Chief of General Staff of the Polish Army.

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Czesław Zbierański

Czesław Michał Zbierański (1885–1982) was a Polish engineer, pioneer of Polish aviation, major of Polish Army.

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Czocha Castle

Czocha Castle (Tzschocha, Caychow) is a defensive castle in the village of Czocha (Gmina Lesna), Lubań County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in southwestern Poland.

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Czortków uprising

The Czortków uprising (Powstanie Czortkowskie) was a failed attempt at resisting Soviet state repressions by the young anti-Soviet Poles most of whom were prewar students from the local high school.

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Daniel Moszkowicz

Daniel Moszkowicz aka "Dawid Chone" and "Jerzy" (born 1905 in Warsaw - 1943 in Białystok, Poland) was a merchant, non-commissioned reserve officer of the Polish Army, communist and the co-leader of the Białystok Ghetto Uprising.

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Dawid Moryc Apfelbaum

Dawid Moryc Apfelbaum (some sources give Mieczysław or Mordechaj as his second name, and Appelbaum as his surname), nom de guerre "Kowal" ("Blacksmith") (?-4/28/1943) was allegedly an officer in the Polish Army and a commander of the Jewish Military Union (Żydowski Związek Wojskowy, ŻZW), during the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (See Dawid Wdowiński.) In 1939 Apfelbaum was a Lieutenant in the Polish Army.

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Dawid Wdowiński

Dawid (David) Wdowiński (1896–1970) was a psychiatrist and doctor of neurology in the Second Polish Republic.

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Dęblin

Dęblin is a town, population 16,656 (as of 2016), at the confluence of Vistula and Wieprz rivers, in Lublin Voivodeship, Poland.

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Deaths in April 2010

The following is a list of notable deaths in April 2010.

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Defence of the Polish Post Office in Danzig

The Defence of the Polish Post Office in Danzig (Gdańsk) was one of the first acts of World War II in Europe, as part of the Invasion of Poland.

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Defensive grenade wz. 33

The granat obronny wz.

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Dionizy Poniatowski

Dionizy Poniatowski (1750–1811) was a Polish 18th century military commander and a high-ranking commander of the Polish Army during the Kościuszko's Uprising.

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Dmytro Hrytsai

Dmytro Hrytsai (a.k.a. "Perebyinis"; Ukrainian: Дмитрó Грицáй-Переб́ийніс; Dorozhiv, Galicia, 1 April 1907 – 22 December 1945, Prague, Czechoslovakia) was a leader in the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists and a general in the Ukrainian Insurgent Army.

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Dmytro Klyachkivsky

Dmytro Klyachkivsky (Клячківський Дмитро (Роман); 4 November 1911 - 12 February 1945), also known by his pseudonyms Klym Savur, Okhrim, and Bilash, was a commander of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA), first head-commander of the UPA-North.

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Dominik Rainer Radziwiłł

Prince Dominik Rainer Radziwiłł (22 January 1911 – 19 November 1976) was a Polish aristocrat and officer of the Polish Army.

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Don Howe (footballer, born 1917)

Donald "Don" Howe (26 November 1917 – 1978) was an English association (soccer) footballer of the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s for Bolton Wanderers (captain), he made his league début against Liverpool in October 1936, as a child he attended in Stanley, West Riding of Yorkshire.

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Donald Tusk

Donald Franciszek Tusk (Polish:; born 22 April 1957) is a Polish politician who has been the President of the European Council since 2014.

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Dowództwo Okręgu Korpusu

A Dowództwo Okręgu Korpusu (DOK, English: Corps District Command) was a military district of the Ministry of Military Affairs of the Second Polish Republic.

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Drohobycz Ghetto

Drohobycz Ghetto or Drohobych Ghetto was a World War II ghetto created by Nazi Germany in the city of Drohobycz in occupied Poland (now Drohobych, Ukraine), for the purpose of persecution and exploitation of Polish Jews after the Nazi takeover of the region in Operation Barbarossa.

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Drzewica

Drzewica is a town in Opoczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, Poland, with 3,913 inhabitants (2016).

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Dubno

Dubno (Ду́бно, Dubno) is a city located on the Ikva River in Rivne Oblast (province) of western Ukraine.

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Duninowie

The Duninowie also Łabędzie was a Polish knight family.

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Działdowo

Działdowo (Soldau) is a town in north-central Poland with 24,830 inhabitants (2006), the capital of Działdowo County.

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Early life of Pope John Paul II

The early life of Pope John Paul II covers the period in his life from his birth in 1920 to his ordination to the priesthood in 1946.

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Edmund Charaszkiewicz

Edmund Kalikst Eugeniusz Charaszkiewicz (Poniec, 14 October 1895 – 22 December 1975, London) was a Polish military intelligence officer who specialized in clandestine warfare.

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Edmund Heldut-Tarnasiewicz

Edmund Wacław Heldut - Tarnasiewicz alias " Heldut " (born July 17, 1892 in Radom, Poland and died April 2, 1952 in London, United Kingdom).

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Edmund Ironside, 1st Baron Ironside

Field Marshal William Edmund Ironside, 1st Baron Ironside, (6 May 1880 – 22 September 1959) was a senior officer of the British Army, who served as Chief of the Imperial General Staff during the first year of the Second World War.

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Edmund Knoll-Kownacki

Gen.bryg. Edmund Stanisław Knoll-Kownacki (1891 – 1953) was a Polish military officer and a high-ranking commander of the Polish Army.

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Edmund Roman Orlik

Edmund Roman Orlik (January 26, 1918 - April 8, 1982) was a Polish tank commander who destroyed 10 German tanks during the September Campaign.

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Edouard de Laurot

Edward Lada Laudański (Łódź, 23 April 1922 - New York, New York, 1993) better known as Édouard de Laurot, aka Yves de Laurot, was a filmmaker and writer of Polish/French nationality.

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Edward Dojan-Surówka

Jan Edward Dojan-Surowka (27 December 1894, Wielopole Skrzynskie - 6 November 1982) was a soldier of the Polish Legions in World War One and Colonel of Infantry in the Polish Army in the interwar period.

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Edward Fokczyński

Edward Fokczyński was one of the four directors of the AVA Radio Company, an electronics firm established in Warsaw, Poland, in 1929.

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Edward Gött-Getyński

Major Edward Karol Gött-Getyński, or Get-Getyński nom-de-guerre Sosnowiecki (January 4, 1898 – January 25, 1943) was a Major of Artillery in the Polish Army during the interwar period, and the underground resistance fighter during the Nazi German occupation of Poland.

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Edward Pfeiffer

Franciszek Edward Pfeiffer, nom-de-guerre Radwan (January 21, 1895 in Łódź – June 13, 1964 in London) was a Polish military commander, Brigadier General of the Polish Army, commander of the Region I Śródmieście of the Home Army during the Warsaw Uprising, cavalier of the Order of Virtuti Militari Edward Pfeiffer was born in 1895 in a middle-class family in Łódź.

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Edward Pietrzyk

Generał broni Edward Pietrzyk (born 3 November 1949) is a Polish military officer, diplomat and general in the Polish Army.

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Edward Rydz-Śmigły

Marshal Edward Rydz-Śmigły (11 March 1886 – 2 December 1941; nom de guerre Śmigły, Tarłowski, Adam Zawisza), also called Edward Śmigły-Rydz, was a Polish politician, statesman, Marshal of Poland and Commander-in-Chief of Poland's armed forces, as well as painter and poet.

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Eighth Army (United Kingdom)

The Eighth Army was a field army formation of the British Army during the Second World War, fighting in the North African and Italian campaigns.

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Ekstraklasa

The Ekstraklasa is the top Polish professional league for men's association football clubs (it is the country's primary football competition).

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Elżbieta Zawacka

Elżbieta Zawacka (19 March 1909 – 10 January 2009), known also by her war-time nom de guerre Zo, was a Polish university professor, scouting instructor, SOE agent and a freedom fighter during World War II.

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Eligiusz Niewiadomski

Eligiusz Niewiadomski (December 1, 1869 in Warsaw – January 31, 1923 in Warsaw) was a Polish modernist painter and art critic who belonged to the right-wing National Democratic Party till 1904 and later continued supporting it.

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Emil August Fieldorf

Emil August Fieldorf “Nil” (20 March 1895 – 24 February 1953) was a Polish brigadier general and a Second World War hero.

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Emil Karewicz

Emil Karewicz (born 13 March 1923 in Wilno, Poland) is a Polish actor.

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Emil Krukowicz-Przedrzymirski

Emil Krukowicz-Przedrzymirski also known as Emil Karol Przedrzymirski de Krukowicz (1886-1957) was a Polish general.

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Ensign (rank)

Ensign (Late Middle English, from Old French enseigne (12c.) "mark, symbol, signal; flag, standard, pennant", from Latin insignia (plural)) is a junior rank of a commissioned officer in the armed forces of some countries, normally in the infantry or navy.

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Equipment of the Polish Army

The Polish military continues to use some Soviet-era equipment; however, since joining NATO in 1999, Poland has been upgrading and modernizing its hardware to NATO standards.

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Equipment of the Ukrainian Ground Forces

The Equipment of the Ukrainian Ground Forces can be subdivided into: infantry weapons, vehicles, aircraft, watercraft, and clothing.

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Esther Nisenthal Krinitz

Esther Nisenthal Krinitz (1927–2001) was a Polish artist.

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Eugene Lazowski

Eugene Lazowski born Eugeniusz Sławomir Łazowski (1913, Częstochowa, Poland – December 16, 2006, Eugene, Oregon, United States) was a Polish medical doctor who saved thousands of Polish Jews during World War II by creating a fake epidemic which played on German phobias about hygiene.

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Eugeniusz Lokajski

Eugeniusz Zenon Lokajski (1909-1944) was a Polish athlete, gymnast and photographer.

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Eugeniusz Rybka

Eugeniusz Rybka (May 6, 1898 in Radzymin – December 8, 1988 in Wrocław), was a Polish astronomer, professor of the Lviv University (1932–1945), Wrocław University (1945–1958) and director of the Kraków Astronomical Observatory (1952–1958).

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FB Glauberyt

The PM-84 Glauberyt is a Polish submachine gun.

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FB P-64

The P-64 is a Polish semi-automatic pistol designed to fire the 9×18mm Makarov cartridge.

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FB PM-63

The PM-63 RAK (short for Ręczny Automat Komandosów—"commandos' hand-held automatic"; the abbreviation itself means crayfish in Polish) is a Polish 9×18mm submachine gun, designed by Piotr Wilniewczyc in cooperation with Tadeusz Bednarski, Grzegorz Czubak and Marian Wakalski.

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FB Vis

Vis (Polish designation pistolet wz. 35 Vis, German designation 9 mm Pistole 35(p), or simply the Radom in English sources) is a 9×19mm caliber, single-action, semi-automatic pistol.

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Felicjan Sławoj Składkowski

Felicjan Sławoj Składkowski (9 June 1885,http://www.generals.dk/general/S%C5%82awoj-Sk%C5%82adkowski/Felicjan/Poland.html Gąbin – 31 August 1962) was a Polish physician,Waclaw Jedrzejewicz Piłsudski: A Life for Poland Hippocrene, 1982 Page 246 general and politician who served as Minister of Internal Affairs and is 28th Prime Minister of Poland before World War II.

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Feliks Ankerstein

Feliks Józef Ankerstein (1897 – ? 1955) was a Polish Army major and intelligence officer.

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Ferdinand Neuling

Ferdinand Neuling (22 August 1885 – 20 February 1960) was a general of the Heer during World War II.

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Field Cathedral of the Polish Army

The Field Cathedral of the Polish Army (Katedra Polowa Wojska Polskiego, also known as the Church of Our Lady Queen of the Polish Crown) is the main garrison church of Warsaw and the representative cathedral of the entire Polish Army.

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Filipinka

Filipinka (also Wańka, Perełka) was an unofficial, yet common name for the ET wz.

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First Battle of Grodno (1920)

The First Battle of Grodno took place between July 19 and July 20, 1920, during the Polish-Soviet War.

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First Polish Army (1920)

The First Army was a field army of the Polish Army that existed during the Polish–Soviet War.

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Five-star rank

A five-star rank is a very senior military rank, first established in the United States in 1944, with a five-star general insignia, and corresponding ranks in other countries.

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Florian Siwicki

Florian Siwicki (10 January 1925 – 11 March 2013) was a Polish career military officer, diplomat and a communist politician, as well as a General of the Polish Army.

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Football in occupied Poland (1939–45)

On September 1, 1939, the armed forces of Nazi Germany invaded Poland from the west initiating World War II.

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Ford FT-B

The Ford FT B (also known as Ford Tf-c and model 1920) was the first armoured car designed and built in Poland.

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Fortified Area of Silesia

The Fortified Area of Silesia (Obszar Warowny Śląsk) was a set of Polish fortifications, constructed along the interbellum border of Poland and Germany in the area of then-divided Upper Silesia.

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François Naville

François Naville (14 June 1883 – 3 April 1968) was a Swiss physician, director of the medico-legal Institute of the University of Geneva, the only truly neutral expert in the international Katyn Commission investigating the Soviet Katyn massacre of some 22,000 Polish prisoners of war, mostly Polish Army officers, arrested and imprisoned in the course of the Soviet and German invasion of Poland.

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Franciszek Alter

Franciszek Alter (born November 22, 1889 in Lviv - January 23, 1945 in Garmisch-Partenkirchen) was a Polish general.

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Franciszek Bajorek

Franciszek Bajorek (23 September 1908 in Karwina - 23 November 1987) was a Polish lawyer, national activist and politician from the region of Zaolzie, Czechoslovakia.

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Franciszek Błażej

Captain Franciszek Błażej (noms de guerre "Roman", "Bogusław") was born on 27 October 1907 in Nosówka, in Austrian Galicia.

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Franciszek Cebulak

Franciszek Ludwik Cebulak (16 September 1906 – 4 August 1960) was a Polish football midfielder, who represented the Polish national team in the 1936 Berlin Olympic Games.

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Franciszek Kleeberg

Franciszek Kleeberg (1 February 1888, Tarnopol – 5 April 1941 near Dresden) was a Polish general.

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Franciszek Krajowski

Franciszek Krajowski (born František Králíček; September 30, 1861 in Velešín, south Bohemia (then in Austrian Empire) – November 22, 1932 in Brest) was a Czech-Poles military officer and a General of the Polish Army.

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Franciszek Latinik

Franciszek Ksawery Latinik (17 July 1864 – 29 August 1949) was a Polish military officer, Colonel of Austro-Hungarian Army and Major General of the Polish Army.

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Franciszek Młokosiewicz

Franciszek Młokosiewicz (May 5, 1769, Koźminek – March 23, 1845, Warsaw) was a Polish officer who served during the Napoleonic Wars and the November Uprising.

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Franciszek Niepokólczycki

Franciszek Niepokólczycki (nom de guerre "Teodor", "Szubert") (born October 27, 1900 in Żytomierz, Volhynian Governorate died June 11, 1974 in Warsaw) was a colonel and a sapper in the Polish Army, soldier of the Polish Home Army (AK) and the anti-communist organization Freedom and Independence (WiN) and a political prisoner during the Stalinist period in Poland.

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Franciszek Pokorny

Major Franciszek Pokorny (Mosty, Austria-Hungary, 15 June 1891 – 22 November 1966, Edinburgh, Scotland) was a Polish Army officer who, after World War I, headed the Polish General Staff's Cipher Bureau before Major (eventually, Lt. Col.) Gwido Langer.

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Franciszek Przysiężniak

Franciszek Przysiężniak (nom de guerre "Ojciec Jan", "Father John") (September 22, 1909 in the village of Krupe, near Krasnystaw – September 30, 1975 in Jarosław) - was a lieutenant in the Polish Army, an officer of anti-communist resistance groups National Military Organization (NOW) and National Military Union (NZW).

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Franciszek Sikorski

Franciszek Jozef Sikorski (October 4, 1889 Lwow - spring 1940 Kharkov) was a Polish engineer, General brygady of the Polish Army and a victim of the Katyn massacre.

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Franciszek Strynkiewicz

Franciszek Strynkiewicz (September 15, 1893 – November 20, 1996) was a Polish sculptor.

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Franciszek Ząbecki

Lieutenant Franciszek Ząbecki (8 October 1907 – 11 April 1987) was a station master at the village of Treblinka.

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Frank Blaichman

Frank Blaichman (born 1922) (also Ephraim Blaichman, occasionally spelled Frank Bleichman, and in Polish Franek or Franciszek Blajchman) is a Holocaust survivor who was a Polish-Jewish leader of an armed organization during World War II.

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Frieda (film)

Frieda is a 1947 British film, directed by Basil Dearden, screenplay by Angus MacPhail and Ronald Millar and was produced by Michael Balcon.

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Front (military formation)

A front (фронт, front) is a type of military formation that originated in the Russian Empire, and has been used by the Polish Army, the Red Army, the Soviet Army, and Turkey.

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Front (military)

A military front or battlefront is a contested armed frontier between opposing forces.

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Frysztat County

Frysztat County was an administrative territorial entity of the Second Polish Republic.

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Fundusz Obrony Narodowej

Fundusz Obrony Narodowej ("National Defense Fund") was an attempt by both the government of the Second Polish Republic and the Polish nation to collect funds necessary for improving fighting ability of the Polish Army before the increasingly likely World War II.

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Gęsiówka

Gęsiówka is the colloquial Polish name for a prison that once existed on Gęsia ("Goose") Street in Warsaw, Poland, and which, under German occupation during World War II, became a Nazi concentration camp.

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Generał

Generał (pronounced) is the generic Polish language term for the rank of general.

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Generał broni

Generał broni (literally General of arms, general of the branch, abbreviated gen. broni) is the second highest Generals grade in the Polish Army, second only to the recently introduced rank of Generał (both in Land Forces and in the Polish Air Force).

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Generał brygady

Generał brygady (literally General of a brigade, abbreviated gen. bryg.) is the lowest grade for generals in the Polish Army (both in the Land Forces and in the Polish Air Force).

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General Government

The General Government (Generalgouvernement, Generalne Gubernatorstwo, Генеральна губернія), also referred to as the General Governorate, was a German zone of occupation established after the joint invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union in 1939 at the onset of World War II.

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General officer

A general officer is an officer of high rank in the army, and in some nations' air forces or marines.

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German occupation of Czechoslovakia

The German occupation of Czechoslovakia (1938–1945) began with the German annexation of Czechoslovakia's northern and western border regions, formerly being part of German-Austria known collectively as the Sudetenland, under terms outlined by the Munich Agreement.

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German–Soviet military parade in Brest-Litovsk

German–Soviet military parade in Brest-Litovsk (Deutsch-sowjetische Siegesparade in Brest-Litowsk, Совместный парад вермахта и РККА в Бресте) refers to an official ceremony held by the troops of Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union on September 22, 1939, during the invasion of Poland in the city of Brest-Litovsk (Brześć nad Bugiem or Brześć Litewski, then in the Second Polish Republic, now Brest in Belarus).

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Gestapo–NKVD conferences

The Gestapo–NKVD conferences were a series of security police meetings organized in late 1939 and early 1940 by Germany and the Soviet Union, following their joint invasion of Poland in accordance with the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact.

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Gibraltar International Airport

Gibraltar International Airport or North Front Airport is the civilian airport that serves the British overseas territory of Gibraltar.

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Gleiwitz incident

The Gleiwitz incident (Überfall auf den Sender Gleiwitz) was a covert Nazi German attack on the German radio station Sender Gleiwitz on the night of 31 August 1939 (today Gliwice, Poland), widely regarded as a deceitful false flag operation staged along with some two dozen similar German incidents on the eve of the invasion of Poland leading up to World War II in Europe.

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Granatnik wz. 36

The Granatnik wz.36 was a Polish grenade launcher designed in originally in 1927 as "wz.

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Greater Poland uprising (1918–1919)

The Greater Poland uprising of 1918–1919, or Wielkopolska uprising of 1918–1919 (Polish: powstanie wielkopolskie 1918–19 roku; Großpolnischer Aufstand) or Posnanian War was a military insurrection of Poles in the Greater Poland region (German: Grand Duchy of Poznań or Provinz Posen) against German rule.

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Grodno

Grodno or Hrodna (Гродна, Hrodna; ˈɡrodnə, see also other names) is a city in western Belarus.

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Grom (missile)

The Grom (meaning "thunder" in Polish) is a man-portable air-defense system produced in Poland.

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Grudziądz

Grudziądz (Graudenz, Graudentum or Graudentium or Grudentia); the form Grudentia is used by, e.g., A. Lentz, Philologus 23 (1866), p. 175.

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Gubin, Poland

Gubin (Guben) is a town in Krosno Odrzańskie County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in southwestern Poland.

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Gustaw Morcinek

Gustaw Morcinek (born Augustyn Morcinek; 24 August 1891 in Karviná, Austria-Hungary – 20 December 1963 in Kraków, Poland) was a Polish writer, educator and later member of Sejm from 1952 to 1957.

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Gustaw Orlicz-Dreszer

Gustaw Konstanty Orlicz-Dreszer (October 2, 1889 − July 16, 1936) was a Polish general, and a political and social activist.

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Gustaw Paszkiewicz

Gustaw Paszkiewicz (1 April 1892 – 27 February 1955) was a soldier of the Imperial Russian Army, and officer of the Polish Army.

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Gwiazda Polski

Gwiazda Polski (The Star of Poland) was a balloon, which, according to the Polish planners, was going to reach the stratosphere, thus beating the 1930s high-altitude world record, established on November 11, 1935 by Albert William Stevens and Orvil Arson Anderson, in the Explorer II balloon.

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Haczów

Haczów (Гачів, Hachiv) is a village in Brzozów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland.

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Halszka Wasilewska (soldier)

Halszka Wasilewska, sometimes called Halina, (21 March 1899 – 8 February 1961), WW2 Nom-de-guerre Krystyna, was one of the first women to attain the rank of Major in the Polish Armed Forces.

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Harry Duda

Harry Alfred Piotr Duda (born in 1944), is a Polish poet and publicist, Master of Polish Philology (graduated from Superior School of Pedagogy in Opole in 1968; subject of his thesis was the science-fiction literature of Stanisław Lem), also finished the College of Nature’s Protection at the Academy of Agriculture in Cracow (1973); retired captain of the Polish Army (infantry’s commander).

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Hełm wz. 31

The hełm wz.

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Hel Fortified Area

The Hel Fortified Area (Rejon Umocniony Hel) was a set of Polish fortifications, constructed on the Hel Peninsula in northern Poland, in close proximity to the interwar border of Poland and the Third Reich.

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Hel, Poland

Hel (Kashubian Hél, German Hela) is a town in Puck County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland, located on the tip of the Hel Peninsula, some from the Polish mainland.

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Henri Lloyd

Henri Lloyd is a British clothing brand that specialised in sailing apparel and fashion for men and women.

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Henryk Dobrzański

Major Henryk Dobrzański aka "Hubal" (22 June 1897 - 30 April 1940) was a Polish soldier, sportsman and partisan.

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Henryk Iwański

Henryk Iwański (1902-1978), nom de guerre Bystry, was a member of the Polish resistance during World War II.

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Henryk Korowicz

Henryk Korowicz (born 1888 in Malinówka – July 12, 1941 in Lwów) was a Polish economist, professor and rector of the Academy of Foreign Trade in Lwów.

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Henryk Minkiewicz

Henryk Minkiewicz (19 January 1880 – 9 April 1940) was a Polish socialist politician and a General of the Polish Army.

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Henryk Reyman

Henryk Tomasz Reyman (28 July 1897 in Kraków – 11 April 1963 in Kraków) was a Polish footballer, sports official and military officer.

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Henryk Sucharski

Henryk Sucharski (1898–1946) was a Polish military officer and a major in the Polish Army.

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Hermann Pokorny

Hermann Pokorny (Kroměříž, Austro-Hungarian Empire, 1882–1960, Budapest, Hungary) was a World War I Austro-Hungarian Army cryptologist whose work with Russian ciphers contributed substantially to Central Powers victories over Russia.

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Hetman

reason (translit; hejtman; hatman) is a political title from Central and Eastern Europe, historically assigned to military commanders.

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Hetman Białystok

Hetman Białystok (formerly known as Gwardia Bialystok) is a Polish football club based in Podlaskie Voivodeship.

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Hetmans of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

Hetmans of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth were the highest-ranking military officers, second only to the King, in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

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Hieronim Dekutowski

Hieronim Dekutowski (noms de guerre "Zapora", "Odra", "Rezu", "Stary", "Henryk Zagon") was a Polish boyscout and soldier, who fought in Polish September Campaign, was a member of the elite forces Cichociemni, fought in the Home Army and after World War II, fought the communist regime as one of commanders of Wolnosc i Niezawislosc.

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History of Belarus

This article describes the history of Belarus.

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History of Edinburgh Zoo

Edinburgh Zoo is a zoological park in Edinburgh, Scotland which opened on 22 July 1913.

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History of Ivano-Frankivsk

Ivano-Frankivsk (Івано-Франківськ, Ivano-Frankivs'k; Iwano-Frankowsk; Iwano-Frankiwsk; translit, see also other names) is one of administrative centers in western Ukraine with almost 350 years of history as a city settlement.

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History of Polish intelligence services

This article covers the history of Polish Intelligence services dating back to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

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History of the British Army

The history of the British Army spans over three and a half centuries since its founding in 1660 and involves numerous European wars, colonial wars and world wars.

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History of the Jews in 20th-century Poland

Following the re-emergence of sovereign Poland after World War I and during the interwar period the number of Jews in the country grew rapidly.

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History of the Polish Army

The Polish Army (Wojsko Polskie) is the name applied to the military forces of Poland.

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History of Vilnius

This article is about the history of Vilnius, the capital and largest city of Lithuania.

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History of Warsaw

The history of Warsaw spans over 1400 years.

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Horodok, Lviv Oblast

Horodok (Городо́к, Gródek) is a city in Lviv Oblast (region) of Ukraine.

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Horses in World War II

Horses in World War II were used by the belligerent nations for transportation of troops, artillery, materiel, and, to a lesser extent, in mobile cavalry troops.

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Horst Schubert

Horst Schubert (11 June 1919 – 2001) was a German mathematician.

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Hotchkiss M1914 machine gun

The Mle 1914 Hotchkiss machine gun chambered for the 8mm Lebel cartridge became the standard machine gun of the French Army during World War I. It was manufactured by the French arms company Hotchkiss et Cie, which had been established in the 1860s by American industrialist Benjamin B. Hotchkiss.

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Huta Ludwików

Huta Ludwików (literally Ludwików Steelworks, often abbreviated SHL) is one of the oldest and best-known Polish factories of metal parts.

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Ignacy Działyński

Ignacy Erazm Działyński (1754–1797) was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic) of Ogończyk coat of arms and a military officer, known for his participation in the Warsaw Uprising of 1794.

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Ignacy Kruszewski

Ignacy Marceli Kruszewski (Lusławice, 6 January 1799 - 25 December 1879, Gogołów, near Jasło) was a Polish military leader.

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Ignacy Matuszewski

Ignacy Hugo Matuszewski (born September 10, 1891 in Warsaw, died on August 3, 1946 in New York City) was a Polish politician, publicist, diplomat, Minister of Treasury of the Second Polish Republic, colonel, infantry officer and intelligence agent of the Polish Army, member of the International Olympic Committee.

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Ignacy Oziewicz

Ignacy Oziewicz (pseudonyms: Czesław, Czesławski, Netta, Jenczewski;7 May 1887 – 10 January 1966) was a Polish military colonel.

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Ignacy Prądzyński

Ignacy Prądzyński (1792–1850) was a Polish military commander and a general of the Polish Army.

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Ignacy Skorupka

Ignacy Skorupka (31 July 1893 – 14 August 1920) was a Polish priest, chaplain of the Polish Army.

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Illinois–Poland National Guard Partnership

The Illinois–Poland National Guard Partnership is one of 22 European partnerships that make-up the U.S. European Command State Partnership Program and one of 65 worldwide partnerships that make-up the National Guard State Partnership Program.

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Independent Operational Group Silesia

Independent Operational Group Silesia (Polish: Samodzielna Grupa Operacyjna Śląsk, SGO Śląsk) was an Operational Group of the Polish Army, created in September 1938 to annex Zaolzie from Czechoslovakia.

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Internal Military Service

Wojskowa Służba Wewnętrzna - or "Szefostwo WSW, Military Internal Service, was an armed military counterintelligence, military police, and military secret police within the structure of Ministry of National Defense or (MON).

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International MaxxPro

The International MaxxPro MRAP (Mine Resistant Ambush Protected) vehicle is an armored fighting vehicle designed by American company Navistar International's subsidiary Navistar Defense along with the Israeli Plasan Sasa, who designed and manufactures the vehicle's armor.

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Intervention Corps

The Intervention Corps (Polish language: Korpus Interwencyjny) was a tactical unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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Invasion of Poland

The Invasion of Poland, known in Poland as the September Campaign (Kampania wrześniowa) or the 1939 Defensive War (Wojna obronna 1939 roku), and in Germany as the Poland Campaign (Polenfeldzug) or Fall Weiss ("Case White"), was a joint invasion of Poland by Germany, the Soviet Union, the Free City of Danzig, and a small Slovak contingent that marked the beginning of World War II.

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IS tank family

The IS Tank was a series of heavy tanks developed as a successor to the KV-series by the Soviet Union during World War II.

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Islam in Poland

A continuous presence of Islam in Poland began in the 14th century.

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Ivane Nanuashvili

Ivane (Vano) Nanuaschvili or Jan Nanuashvili (Georgian: ივანე (ვანო) ნანუაშვილი,; January 1, 1902, Georgia – 1974, United States) was a Georgian military activist, officer of the Polish Army, political emigrant.

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Ivyanets

Ivyanets (Iвяне́ц,; Ивенец; Iwieniec), also known as Ivianec, is a town in Valozhyn District, Minsk Voblast, Belarus.

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Jabłonków incident

Jabłonków incident (Incydent jabłonkowski, Jablunkovský incident) refers to the events of the night of August 25/26, 1939, along the Polish-Slovak border, when a group of German Abwehr agents attacked a rail station in Mosty.

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Jan and Antonina Żabiński

Jan Żabiński (8 April 1897 – 26 July 1974, Warsaw) and his wife Antonina Żabińska née Erdman (1908–1971) were a wedded couple from Warsaw, recognized by the State of Israel as the Polish Righteous Among the Nations for their heroic rescue of Jews during the Holocaust in occupied Poland.

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Jan August Cichocki

Jan August Cichocki (1750–1795) was a Polish military officer and a general of the Polish Army, notable for his service in the Warsaw Uprising (1794).

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Jan Berek

Jan Berek (1896 - 1986) was a soldier of the Austro-Hungarian Army and Generał brygady of the Polish Army, who fought in World War One, Polish–Soviet War and the Invasion of Poland.

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Jan Dobraczyński

Jan Dobraczyński (Warsaw, 20 April 1910 – 5 March 1994, Warsaw) was a Polish writer, novelist, politician and Catholic publicist.

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Jan Jagmin-Sadowski

Jan Jagmin-Sadowski (April 24, 1895 in Grójec – October 5, 1977 in Warsaw), was a general of the Polish Army, having served in World War I as a member of Józef Piłsudski's legions, as well as commanding Polish forces during the invasion of Poland in 1939.

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Jan Jerzy Giessler

Jan Jerzy Giessler of Złotorzek (his surname also rendered as Gizler, Giesler or Gisiler; late 18th century) was a Polish military officer.

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Jan Karcz

Jan Karcz (16 October 1892, in Modlica near Kraków – 25 January 1943, in Auschwitz) was a Polish Army Colonel, posthumously promoted to the rank of a Brigadier General.

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Jan Nepomucen Umiński

Jan Nepomucen Umiński of Cholewa (1778-1851) was a Polish military officer and a brigadier general of the Army of the Duchy of Warsaw.

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Jan Nowak-Jeziorański

Jan Nowak-Jeziorański (2 October 1914 – 20 January 2005) was a Polish journalist, writer, politician, social worker and patriot.

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Jan Olszewski

Jan Ferdynand Olszewski (born 20 August 1930 in Warsaw) is a Polish conservative lawyer and politician.

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Jan Piwnik

Jan Piwnik (1912–1944) was a Polish World War II soldier, a cichociemny and a notable leader of the Home Army in the Świętokrzyskie Mountains.

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Jan Potocki

Count Jan Potocki (8 March 1761 – 23 December 1815) was a Polish nobleman, Polish Army Captain of Engineers, ethnologist, Egyptologist, linguist, traveler, adventurer, and popular author of the Enlightenment period, whose life and exploits made him a legendary figure in his homeland.

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Jan Rogowski

Jan Rogowski (cichociemny) (noms de guerre Jan Szulak, Piotr Jaczynski, Julian Koba, Zbigniew Plecki, Piotr Pomerski, Stefan Zawidzki, Czarka, Kacz) was a soldier of the Polish Army, Polish Armed Forces in the West and the Home Army.

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Jan Romer

Jan Romer (1869 in Lwów – 1934 in Warsaw) was a Polish general and military commander.

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Jan Rządkowski

Jan Piotr Rządkowski (1860–1934) was a Polish military officer and a General of the Polish Army.

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Jan Włodarkiewicz

Lieutenant Colonel Jan Włodarkiewicz (1900–1942; noms de guerre Damian, Darwicz and Odważny) was a Polish soldier, an officer of the Polish Army and a freedom fighter during World War II.

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Jan Wojciech Kiwerski

Jan Wojciech Kiwerski (nom de guerre Oliwa, also Dyrektor, Kalinowski, Lipinski, Rudzki, Ziomek was a colonel of the Polish Army and commandant of the 27th Home Army Infantry Division. Kiwerski was killed in action on April 18, 1944, during Operation Tempest during World War II. Kiwerski was born on May 23, 1910 in Kraków. His father was Wladyslaw Kiwerski, a physician, and his mother was Maria Jadwiga née Rogalska. By the age of 14, Kiwerski was an orphan, and in September 1923, he was accepted into Military Cadet School Nr. 2, graduating with honors in June 1928. Since he was among top graduates, Kiwerski had the right to make a choice about his further military career: he decided to join the sappers. In June 1928, Kiwerski entered the School of Military Engineers in Warsaw. In August 1931 he graduated, and as a podporucznik (Second Lieutenant) he began service as platoon commandant at 3rd Sapper Battalion in Wilno. On March 19, 1933, Kiwerski was promoted to the rank of Poruchik (Lieutenant). In November 1934, Kiwerski was transferred to Bridge Battalion at the Modlin Fortress. In July 1937, he was called to Wyzsza Szkola Wojenna (Higher War School). On March 19, 1939 he was promoted to the rank of Captain, and on August 18, two weeks before German Invasion of Poland, Kiwerski graduated from Higher War School. On August 20, 1939, Kiwerski was sent to Grodno, where he was named operating officer of the 33rd Infantry Division. Later, as an officer of the Independent Operational Group Polesie, he fought in the region of Polesie. After the Battle of Kock, General Franciszek Kleeberg allowed those soldiers who wanted to escape German captivity to disappear. Kiwerski took advantage of this, reaching Warsaw in November 1939. Soon afterwards, he became one of key members of Service for Poland's Victory. Since 1942, he commanded a sabotage unit of the Kedyw, using noms de guerre Ziomek, Rudzki, Kalinowski, Lipinski and Dyrektor. In November 1942 he was promoted a major. In December 1943, the Home Army headquarters sent him to Volhynia, where Ukrainian nationalists had been murdering Polish civilians (see Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia). Kiwerski was named chief of staff of Volhynian Home Army. In February 1944, he was named commandant of the Home Army in the province, and commandant of the 27th Home Army Infantry Division. Kiwerski was killed in unspecified circumstances on April 18, 1944, near the hamlet of Stezarzyce among Volhynian forests. In September 1989, his body was exhumed and temporarily placed at Field Cathedral of the Polish Army. On April 21, 1990, Kiwerski was laid to rest at Powazki Cemetery, together with two of his Volhynian soldiers. A day before the funeral, the President of Poland promoted Kiwerski to the rank of Brigadier general. Kiwerski was also awarded the Virtuti Militari and the Cross of Valour (Poland). “Oliwa” had a wife Izabela née Dorozynska, and daughter Barbara. Streets in Lublin and Kraków are named after him. His bust can be found at Warsaw’s Volhynian Square, near the monument of Volhynian Home Army.

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Jan Zumbach

Jan Eugeniusz Ludwig Zumbach (14 April 1915, Ursynów, Congress Poland, Russian Empire – 3 January 1986, France) was a Polish-Swiss fighter pilot who became an ace and squadron commander during the Second World War.

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Janina Bauman

Janina Bauman (née Lewinson; born 18 August 1926, Warsaw – died 29 December 2009, Leeds) was a Polish journalist and writer of Jewish origin.

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Janina Wójcicka Hoskins

Dr.

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Janowa Dolina massacre

The Janowa Dolina massacre took place on 23 April 1943 in the village of Janowa Dolina, (now Bazaltove, Ukraine) during occupation of Poland in World War II.

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Janusz Bokszczanin

Podpułkownik Janusz Bokszczanin (1894, Grodno – 1973) was a colonel of the Polish Army and one of the first Polish commanders of the motorized troops in the reborn Second Polish Republic.

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Janusz Głuchowski

Janusz Julian Głuchowski (nom de guerre Janusz) was a divisional general of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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Janusz Jędrzejewicz

Janusz Jędrzejewicz (21 June 1885 – 16 March 1951) was a Polish politician and educator, a leader of the Sanacja political group, and 24th Prime Minister of Poland from 1933 to 1934.

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Janusz K. Zawodny

Janusz Kazimierz Zawodny (11 December 1921 – 8 April 2012) was a Polish-American historian, political scientist, and World War II soldier and resistance fighter of the Polish Underground State.

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Janusz Kaluski

Janusz Marja Stefan Rogala Kaluski (1924"Stamp of a Nation" in Stamp Lover, Vol. 95, December 2003, p.163.–2010) was a sapper in the Polish Army who took part in the D-Day landings of World War II and who later won the Cross of Valour.

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Janusz Korczak

Janusz Korczak, the pen name of Henryk Goldszmit (22 July 1878 or 1879 – 7 August 1942), was a Polish-Jewish educator, children's author, and pedagogue known as Pan Doktor ("Mr. Doctor") or Stary Doktor ("Old Doctor").

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Janusz Witwicki

Janusz Witwicki (born September 10, 1903 in Lwów, died July 16, 1946 also in Lwów) was a Polish architect and art historian, creator of the Plastic Panorama of Old Lviv.

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Jarosław Skulski

Jarosław Skulski (30 March 1907, Ufa, Russia – 22 July 1977, Warsaw, Poland) was a Russian-born Polish film and theatre actor, who has also acted in Poland's Theatre Television and radio plays from Polskie Radio.

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Józef Adam Lasocki

Józef Adam Lasocki (1861-1931) was an officer in Austro-Hungarian Army and from December 1918 a general in Polish Army.

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Józef Światło

Józef Światło, born Izaak Fleischfarb (1 January 1915 – 2 September 1994), was a high-ranking official in the Ministry of Public Security of Poland (MBP) who served as deputy director of the 10th Department run by Anatol Fejgin.

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Józef Bonawentura Załuski

Józef Bonawentura Załuski (14 July 1787 – 25 April 1866) was a Polish General Officer and diarist, and participant in the Napoleonic Wars of 1808–1814.

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Józef Broel-Plater

Józef Jan Andrzej Joachim Broel-Plater (15 November 1890 – 30 June 1941) was a Polish bobsledder.

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Józef Celmajster

Józef Celmajster (later Józef Niemirski) (born 27 December 1901 - 7 December 1968 in Warsaw, Poland) was a Polish physician of Jewish descent, first lieutenant of the Polish Army, chief of medical department of the Jewish Military Union (ŻZW) in the Warsaw Ghetto and OW-KB.

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Józef Czapski

Józef Czapski (April 3, 1896 – January 12, 1993) was a Polish artist, author, and critic, as well as an officer of the Polish Army.

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Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki

Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki (Iosif Romanovich while in the Russian military; sometimes also Dowbór-Muśnicki; 25 October 1867 – 26 October 1937) was a Russian military officer and Polish general, serving with the Imperial Russian and then Polish armies.

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Józef Dwernicki

Józef Dwernicki (March 19, 1779 in Warsaw – November 23, 1857 in Lopatyn near Lwów) was a General of Cavalry in the Polish Army, and a participant in the November Uprising (1830–1831).

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Józef Englicht

Józef Englicht (1891–1954) was a Polish Army lieutenant colonel and intelligence officer.

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Józef Feldman

Józef Feldman (wartime pseudonym: Józef Sokołowski; born on 1 August 1899 in Przemyśl, died on 16 June 1946 in Kraków) was a Polish-Jewish historian, professor of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków and a member of the Polish Academy of Learning.

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Józef Franczak

Józef Franczak (17 March 1918 – 21 October 1963) was a soldier of the Polish Army, Armia Krajowa World War II resistance, and last of the cursed soldiers – members of the militant anti-communist resistance in Poland.

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Józef Haller

Józef Haller von Hallenburg (13 August 1873 – 4 June 1960) was a Lieutenant General of the Polish Army, a legionary in the Polish Legions, harcmistrz (the highest Scouting instructor rank in Poland), the President of the Polish Scouting and Guiding Association (ZHP), and a political and social activist.

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Józef Kasparek

Józef Kasparek (1915–2002) was a Polish lawyer, historian and political scientist.

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Józef Kępiński (aviator)

Józef Kępiński (1900-1964) was a Polish aviator and officer of the Polish Air Force and the Royal Air Force during World War II.

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Józef Kosacki

Józef Stanisław Kosacki (1909–1990) was a Polish professor engineer, inventor, and an officer in the Polish Army during World War II.

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Józef Kossakowski (colonel)

Ślepowron'', the coat of arms of Korwin-Kossakowski Józef Dominik Korwin-Kossakowski (16 August 1771 in Vaitkuškis near Ukmergė – 2 November 1840 in Warsaw), was a Polish–Lithuanian statesman and military commander, a participant of Targowica Confederation and a colonel of the Polish Army.

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Józef Kowalski (supercentenarian)

Józef Kowalski (2 February 1900 – 7 December 2013) was a Polish supercentenarian and the second-to-last surviving veteran of the 1919–1921 Polish-Soviet War (Alexander Imich was the last).

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Józef Kuraś

Józef Kuraś, (October 23, 1915 – February 22, 1947), noms-de-guerre "Orzeł" (Eagle) and from June 1943 "Ogień" (Fire); was born in Waksmund near Nowy Targ.

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Józef Kustroń

Józef Rudolf Kustroń (born October 16, 1892 in Stryj - died September 16, 1939 in the village of Ulazow, during the Polish September Campaign) was a Brigadier General of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic, commandant of the 21st Mountain Infantry Division.

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Józef Lewoniewski

Józef Lewoniewski (1899 – 11 September 1933) was a Polish military and sports aviator.

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Józef Mieses

Józef Mieses (1882-1941) was a Polish teacher, linguist, rabbi and military officer.

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Józef Olszyna-Wilczyński

Józef Konstanty Olszyna-Wilczyński (27 November 1890 – 22 September 1939) was a Polish general and one of the high-ranking commanders of the Polish Army.

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Józef Piłsudski

Józef Klemens Piłsudski (5 December 1867 – 12 May 1935) was a Polish statesman; he was Chief of State (1918–22), "First Marshal of Poland" (from 1920), and de facto leader (1926–35) of the Second Polish Republic as the Minister of Military Affairs.

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Józef Piłsudski's cult of personality

Józef Piłsudski's cult of personality developed around the figure of Józef Piłsudski, Polish military commander and politician, starting with the interwar period and continuing after his death in 1935 till the present day.

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Józef Pszenny

Józef Pszenny (born March 17, 1910 in Pruszyn, February 3, 1993 in Chicago) - Polish military commander, sapper captain of Polish Army, head of the Sapper Department of "XII-s" Warsaw District of Home Army.

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Józef Roman Utnicki

Józef Roman Utnicki (1912-1991) was a Polish teacher and military officer.

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Józef Rzepka

Captain Józef Rzepka (noms de guerre "Krzysztof", "Rekin", "Stefan", "Znicz") was born in 1913 in the village of Bratkowice in Austrian Galicia (now in Rzeszów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship).

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Józef Smoleński

Józef Smoleński (1894 - 1978) was a soldier of Polish Legions in World War I and General brygady of the Polish Army.

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Józef Sowiński

Józef Sowiński (1777–1831) was a Polish artillery general and one of the heroes of Poland's November 1830 Uprising.

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Józef Unrug

Józef Unrug (6 October 1884 – 28 February 1973) was a Prussian-born Pole and Polish vice admiral who helped reestablish Poland's navy after World War I. During the opening stages of World War II, he served as the Polish Navy's commander-in-chief.

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Józef Zeydlitz

Józef Zeydlitz (March 19, 1755 – April 1, 1835) (his name also rendered Seydlitz or Zejdlicz) was a Polish military commander and a Colonel of the Polish Army.

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Jürgen Stroop

Jürgen Stroop (born Josef Stroop, 26 September 1895 – 6 March 1952) was a German SS commander during the Nazi era, who served as SS and Police Leader in occupied Poland.

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Jędrusie

Jędrusie (literally Little Andrews) was a Polish underground guerrilla group during World War II, created in 1941.

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Jerzy Łucki

Jerzy Michał Łucki (24 September 1898 – 18 September 1939) was a Polish bobsledder, military officer and athlete.

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Jerzy Bardziński

Jerzy Bardziński (23 November 1892 – 26 October 1933) was a Polish bobsledder.

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Jerzy Bordziłowski

Jerzy Bordziłowski (Юрий Вячеславович Бордзиловский; 1900-1983) was a Polish and Soviet military officer and communist politician.

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Jerzy Borejsza

Jerzy Borejsza (born Beniamin Goldberg; 1905 in Warsaw – 1952 in Warsaw) was a Polish communist activist and writer, chief of the communist press and publishing syndicate in the Stalinist period of the People's Republic of Poland.

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Jerzy Kosiński

Jerzy Kosiński (June 14, 1933 – May 3, 1991), born Józef Lewinkopf, was a Polish-American novelist and two-time President of the American Chapter of P.E.N., who wrote primarily in English.

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Jerzy Niezbrzycki

Jerzy Niezbrzycki (aka Ryszard Wraga) was a captain of the Polish Army, officer of the Polish intelligence service, whose main field of interest was the Soviet Union.

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Jerzy Pajączkowski-Dydyński

Jerzy Kazimierz Pajączkowski-Dydyński (19 July 1894 – 6 December 2005) was a British-based Polish veteran of World War I and UK's oldest man at the time of his death at the age of 111 years, 140 days, and one of the last surviving veterans of the First World War living in the UK.

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Jerzy Petersburski

Jerzy Petersburski (1895 – 1979) was a Polish pianist and composer of popular music, renowned mostly for his Tangos, some of which (such as To ostatnia niedziela, Już nigdy and Tango Milonga) were milestones in popularization of the musical genre in Poland and are still widely known today, more than half a century after their creation.

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Jerzy Sosnowski

Jerzy Ksawery Franciszek Sosnowski (December 3 or 4, 1896 in Lwów – 1942, 1944 or 1945 in Poland or the Soviet Union) was a major of the Second Department of the General Headquarters of the Polish Army (called Dwójka) and a Polish spy in Weimar Germany (1926–1934), using pseudonyms Georg von Nałęcz-Sosnowski and Ritter von Nalecz.

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Jerzy Wołkowicki

Jerzy Rusiło-Wołkowicki (1883–1983) was a General of the Polish Army and officer of the Imperial Russian Navy, awarded one of the highest Russian military orders.

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Jerzy Zakulski

Second lieutenant Jerzy Zakulski (28 June 1911 – 31 July 1947) was an attorney in interwar Poland, and World War II member of the National Armed Forces (Narodowe Siły Zbrojne, NSZ) in German-occupied Poland.

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Jerzy Ziętek

Jerzy Ziętek (10 June 1901 in Gleiwitz – 20 November 1985 in Katowice, Upper Silesia) was a Polish politician and general.

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Jewish City Guard

Jewish City Guard (Gwardia Miejska Starozakonna) was a paramilitary militia force in Poland during the November Uprising.

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Jewish Combat Organization

The Jewish Combat Organization (Żydowska Organizacja Bojowa, ŻOB; ייִדישע קאַמף אָרגאַניזאַציע Yidishe Kamf Organizatsie; often translated to English as the Jewish Fighting Organization) was a World War II resistance movement in occupied Poland, which was instrumental in engineering the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.

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Jewish military history

Jewish military history focuses on the military aspect of history of the Jewish people from ancient times until the modern age.

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Jewish Military Organization

The Jewish Military Organization was an outgrowth of the Betar movement in Nazi-occupied eastern Europe.

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Jewish Military Union

Żydowski Związek Wojskowy (ŻZW, Polish for Jewish Military Union) was an underground resistance organization operating during World War II in the area of the Warsaw Ghetto, which fought during the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising and 1944 Warsaw Uprising.

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Jewish partisans

Jewish partisans were fighters in irregular military groups participating in the Jewish resistance movement against Nazi Germany and its collaborators during World War II.

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Joanna Żubr

Joanna Żubr (ca. 1770–1852) was a Polish soldier of the Napoleonic Wars, a veteran of the Polish–Austrian War, and the first woman to receive the Virtuti Militari, the highest Polish military decoration.

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Joseph Epstein

Joseph Epstein (October 16, 1911 – April 11, 1944 in Fort Mont-Valérien, France), also known as Colonel Gilles and as Joseph Andrej, was a Polish-born Jewish communist activist and a French Resistance leader during World War II.

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Jozef Jaklicz

Jozef Jaklicz (1894–1974) was a soldier of the Austro-Hungarian Army and the Polish Legions in World War I, and officer of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic, nominated to the rank of General brygady.

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Julian Chorążycki

Dr.

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Julian Kulski

Julian Kulski (5 December 1892 in Warsaw – 18 August 1976 in Warsaw) was a civil servant, best known for being Mayor of Warsaw during World War II.

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Julian Stachiewicz

Brigadier General Julian Stachiewicz (1890-1934) was a Polish Army officer and a historian and writer.

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Juliusz Rómmel

Juliusz Karol Wilhelm Rómmel (3 June 1881 – 8 September 1967) was a Polish military commander, a general of the Polish Army and a member of the civil rights movement.

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Juliusz Zulauf

Juliusz Zulauf (August 20, 1891 – May 21, 1943) was a Polish Army brigadier general (generał brygady).

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Junak Drohobycz

Junak Drohobycz was a Polish soccer team, located in Drohobych (Western Ukraine, then Drohobycz), on the historic territory of Kresy Wschodnie (Polish Eastern Borderlands).

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Junkers Ju 87

The Junkers Ju 87 or Stuka (from Sturzkampfflugzeug, "dive bomber") is a German dive bomber and ground-attack aircraft.

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Jutro idziemy do kina

Jutro idziemy do kina (English: Tomorrow we are going to the movies) is a 2007 Polish Television movie, directed by Michał Kwieciński.

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JW Komandosów

The Jednostka Wojskowa Komandosów, commonly called JWK and formerly known as 1 Pułk Specjalny Komandosów (1 PSK), is one of six special forces units currently operating within Poland's Centrum Operacji Specjalnych - Dowództwo Komponentu Wojsk Specjalnych (COS - DKWS, en. Special Operations Center - Special Forces Component Command).

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Kamianets-Podilskyi

Kamianets-Podilskyi (Kamyanets-Podilsky, Kamieniec Podolski, Camenița, Каменец-Подольский, קאמענעץ־פאדאלסק) is a city on the Smotrych River in western Ukraine, to the north-east of Chernivtsi.

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Kamil Ulman

Kamil Ulman (born 21 April 1983 in Białystok) is a Polish football player.

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Kampfgeschwader 1

Kampfgeschwader 1 (KG 1) (Battle Wing 1) was a German medium bomber wing that operated in the Luftwaffe during World War II.

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Kampfgeschwader 54

Kampfgeschwader 54 "Totenkopf"() (KG 54) was a Luftwaffe bomber wing during World War II.

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Kampfgeschwader 55

Kampfgeschwader 55 "Greif" (KG 55 or Battle Wing 55) was a ''Luftwaffe'' bomber unit during World War II.

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Kampfgeschwader 76

Kampfgeschwader 76 (KG 76) (Battle Wing) was a Luftwaffe bomber Group during World War II.

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Karabinek KP-32

The Karabinek KP-32 was a prototype of a bolt action repeating carbine.

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Karabinek wz. 1929

The Karabinek wz.29 (Kbk wz.29; Polish: carbine model 29) was a Polish bolt-action short rifle based on the German Kar98AZ.

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Karlino oil eruption

The Karlino oil eruption was an oil well blowout that took place on December 9, 1980, near Karlino, a town located in Pomerania in northern Poland, near the Baltic Sea coast.

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Karol Durski-Trzaska

Karol Durski-Trzaska (1849–1935) was an officer in Austro-Hungarian Army and later, Polish Army.

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Karol Rómmel

Karol Rómmel (Карл Альфонсович Руммель, Karol von Rummel; 1888–1967) was a Polish and Russian military officer, sportsman and horse rider.

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Karol Wiktor Zawodziński

Karol Wiktor Zawodziński, pseudonym Karol de Johne, (1890–1949) was highly acclaimed Polish literary critic, theoretist and historian of literature.

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Karol Ziemski

Karol Ziemski (24 May 1895 – 17 January 1974) (nom de guerre Wachnowski) was a general of the Polish Army, participant of the Polish September Campaign and the Warsaw Uprising, officer of the Home Army.

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Karpaty Army

Karpaty Army (Armia Karpaty), formed on 11 July 1939 under Major General Kazimierz Fabrycy, was created after Germany had annexed Czechoslovakia and created a puppet state of Slovakia.

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Katowice

Katowice (Katowicy; Kattowitz; officially Miasto Katowice) is a city in southern Poland, with a population of 297,197 and the center of the Silesian Metropolis, with a population of 2.2 million.

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Katyn Commission

The Katyn Commission or the International Katyn Commission was the International Red Cross committee formed in April 1943 under request by Germany to investigate the Katyn massacre of some 22,000 Polish nationals during the Soviet occupation of Eastern Poland, mostly prisoners of war from the September Campaign including Polish Army officers, intelligentsia, civil servants, priests, police officers and numerous other professionals.

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Kazimierz Iranek-Osmecki

Kazimierz Wincenty Iranek-Osmecki (noms de guerre Kazimierz Jarecki, Włodzimierz Ronczewski, Makary, Antoni Heller, Pstrąg; 5 September 1897 – 22 May 1984, London) was an infantry colonel (pułkownik) in the Polish Army, and colonel in Poland's Home Army (AK).

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Kazimierz Kamieński

Kazimierz Kamieński (nom de guerre "Gryf" and "Huzar"; born 8 January 1919 in Markowo-Wólka, died 11 October 1953 in a communist prison in Białystok) was an officer of the Polish Army, commander in the underground Polish Home Army (AK), ROAK and the anti-communist organization Freedom and Independence (WiN).

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Kazimierz Kierzkowski

Kazimierz Kierzkowski (10 August 1890 in Międzyrzec Podlaski – March 1942 in Auschwitz) was a Polish political and social activist, major of the Polish Army and member of the Armia Krajowa.

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Kazimierz Laskowski

Kazimierz Laskowski (7 November 1899 – 20 October 1961) was a Polish fencer and military officer.

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Kazimierz Leski

Kazimierz Leski, nom de guerre Bradl (21 June 1912 — 27 May 2000), was a Polish engineer, co-designer of the Polish submarines ORP Sęp and ORP Orzeł, a fighter pilot, and an officer in World War II Home Army's intelligence and counter-intelligence.

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Kazimierz Orlik-Łukoski

Kazimierz Orlik-Łukoski (13 September 1890 – 1940) was a Polish military commander and one of the Generals of the Polish Army murdered by the Soviet Union in the Katyń massacre of 1940.

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Kazimierz Pawluk

Kazimierz Pawluk (1 July 1906 – 31 March 1944) known as “Kaz” was a Polish Vickers Wellington bomber “Observer and Captain” flying from England when he was taken prisoner during the Second World War.

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Kazimierz Pelczar

Kazimierz Pelczar (1894–1943) was a Polish academic and physician.

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Kazimierz Skorupka

Kazimierz Józef Skorupka, codename: Dziad (b. February 18, 1901 in Warsaw - 1944 in Majdanek) was a Polish Scoutmaster (harcmistrz), Polish Army officer and member of the Polish resistance during the Second World War.

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Kazimierz Sosnkowski

General Kazimierz Sosnkowski (19 November 1885 in Warsaw – 11 October 1969 in Arundel, Quebec) was a Polish nobleman, independence fighter, diplomat, architect, politician and a Polish Army general.

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Kłomino

The village of Kłomino, located in northwestern Poland (West Pomeranian Voivodeship, near Szczecinek) is the only official ghost town in Poland.

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Kbsp wz. 1938M

The Karabin samopowtarzalny wzór 38M (Kbsp wz.38M self-repeating rifle Model 38M), was a Polish 7.9 mm semi-automatic rifle used by the Polish Army during the Invasion of Poland of 1939.

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Kiekrz, Poznań

Kiekrz is part of the city of Poznań in western Poland, situated on the northwest edge of the city, adjoining Kierskie Lake.

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Kiev Offensive (1920)

The 1920 Kiev Offensive (or Kiev Operation), sometimes considered to have started the Soviet-Polish War, was an attempt by the armed forces of the newly re-emerged Poland led by Józef Piłsudski, in alliance with the Ukrainian leader Symon Petliura, to seize the territories of modern-day Ukraine which fell under the Soviet control after the Bolshevik Revolution.

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Klemens Rudnicki

Klemens Rudnicki (28 March 1897 - 12 June 1992) was a General of the Polish Army, who fought in World War One, Polish-Soviet War and the Invasion of Poland.

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Kościuszko's Squadron

The name Kościuszko's Squadron or Kościuszko's Escadrille, taken from the Polish hero Tadeusz Kościuszko, has been borne by several units of the Polish Air Force throughout its history.

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Konrad Kapler

Konrad Kapler (25 February 1925 – 23 October 1991) was a Polish footballer who played for Celtic from 1947 to 1949.

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Konstanty Plisowski

Konstanty Plisowski of Odrowąż (June 8, 1890 – 1940) was a Polish general and military commander.

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Kordian Józef Zamorski

Kordian Józef Zamorski (Rzepiennik, near Gorlice, April 1, 1890 – December 19, 1983, London) was a Polish military officer and (1935–39) chief of the Polish State Police (Policja Państwowa).

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Kovel

Kovel (Polish: Kowel, קאָוועל) is a town in Volyn Oblast (province), in northwestern Ukraine.

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Kraków Cavalry Brigade

Kraków Cavalry Brigade (Krakowska Brygada Kawalerii) was a unit of the Polish Army, created on April 1, 1937.

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Kresowa Cavalry Brigade

Kresowa Cavalry Brigade (Polish: Kresowa Brygada Kawalerii) was a unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period.

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Krystian Godfryd Deybel de Hammerau

Krystian Godfryd Deybel de Hammerau (1725–1798) was a Polish military commander and a general of artillery.

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KS Lublinianka

KS Lublinianka is a professional Polish football (soccer) club based in Lublin.

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Ksawery Pruszyński

Franciszek Ksawery Pruszyński (December 4, 1907 - June 13, 1950) was a Polish journalist, publicist, writer and diplomat.

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Ksawery Wyrożemski

Ksawery "Big Bill" Wyrożemski ("Tso-very Veera-zhem-ski") (23 July 1915 – 15 February 1967) was an exile Polish fighter pilot who flew Hawker Hurricanes and Supermarine Spitfires as an Officer with the Polish Air Forces's 308 and 315 "City of Deblin" Fighter Squadrons from April 1942 until the end of World War II.

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KSU (band)

KSU is one of the oldest Polish punk rock bands, founded in 1977 in the southeastern town of Ustrzyki Dolne (in the Bieszczady Mountains).

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KTO Rosomak

The Kołowy Transporter Opancerzony "Rosomak" (pol. Wheeled Armored Vehicle "Wolverine") is 8×8 multi-role military vehicle produced by Rosomak S.A. (formerly Wojskowe Zakłady Mechaniczne) in Siemianowice Śląskie, a Polish Armaments Group company.

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Kutno Operational Group

Kutno Operational Group, named after the town and major rail junction of Kutno, (central Poland), was an Operational Group of the Polish Army, created in March 1939, a few months before the Invasion of Poland.

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Kuty

Kuty (Кути translit. Kuty, Kutten, Kuty, Yiddish: קיטעוו translit. Kitev, Cuturi) is an urban-type settlement in Ukraine, on the Cheremosh river, located in Kosiv Raion of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast.

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Land Forces

Land Force or Land Forces may refer to.

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Leśni

Leśni ludzie ("forest people") is an informal name applied to some anti-German partisan groups that operated in occupied Poland during World War II, being a part of Polish resistance movement.

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Lech Wyszczelski

Lech Wyszczelski (born 1942) is a Polish military historian and author of books on Central European history of the 20th century.

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Legia Warsaw

Legia Warszawa, known in English as Legia Warsaw, is a professional football club based in Warsaw, Poland.

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Leon Berbecki

Leon Berbecki (28 July 1875, Lublin – 23 March 1963, Gliwice) was a Polish army officer, who fought in the Russo-Japanese War and World War I with the Imperial Russian Army.

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Leon Billewicz

Leon Billewicz (April 25, 1870 in Werbiczna – April 1940) was a Polish officer and a General of the Polish Army.

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Leon Kozłowski

Leon Tadeusz Kozłowski (6 June 1892 – 11 May 1944) was a Polish archaeologist and politician who served as Prime Minister of Poland from 1934 to 1935, before being convicted and sentenced to death for Treason during World War II.

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Leonard Żłób

Leonard Żłób was a Corporal of the Polish Army and a commander of a Bofors wz. 37 AT gun of the 2nd Mounted Artillery Battalion attached to the Wołyńska Cavalry Brigade.

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Leonard Skierski

Leonard Wilhelm Skierski (26 April 1866 – 1940) was a Polish military officer and a general of the Imperial Russian Army and then the Polish Army.

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Leopard 2

The Leopard 2 is a main battle tank developed by Krauss-Maffei in the 1970s for the West German Army.

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Leopold Endel-Ragis

Leopold Endel-Ragis (1894–1943) was soldier of the Polish Legions in World War I and the Austro-Hungarian Army, and colonel of infantry of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic (1918 - 1939).

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Leopold Labedz

Leopold Łabędź (22 January 1920 – 22 March 1993) was an anti-communist Anglo-Polish commentator on the Soviet Union.

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Leopold Lis-Kula

Leopold Lis-Kula (nom de guerre Lis) was a Colonel of Infantry of the Polish Army, and recipient of the Virtuti Militari.

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Leopold Okulicki

General Leopold Okulicki (noms de guerre Kobra, Niedźwiadek; 1898 – 1946) was a General of the Polish Army and the last commander of the anti-German underground Home Army during World War II.

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Lesko uprising

Lesko uprising (Powstanie leskie), which took place in June and July 1932, was an uprising of peasantry in the Bieszczady Mountains, against the local authorities of the Second Polish Republic.

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Leszek Lubicz-Nycz

Leszek Władysław Lubicz-Nycz (20 August 1899 – 22 September 1939) was a Polish fencer.

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Lida

Lida (Лі́да; Ли́да; Lyda; Lida; לידא) is a city in western Belarus in Hrodna Voblast, situated west of Minsk.

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Lieutenant general

Lieutenant general, lieutenant-general and similar (abbrev Lt Gen, LTG and similar) is a three-star military rank (NATO code OF-8) used in many countries.

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Lilpop, Rau i Loewenstein

Lilpop, Rau i Loewenstein (often shortened to Lilpop or LRL) was a Polish engineering company.

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Lionel Crabb

Lionel Kenneth Phillip Crabb, (28 January 1909 – presumed dead 19 April 1956), known as Buster Crabb, was a Royal Navy frogman and MI6 diver who vanished during a reconnaissance mission around a Soviet cruiser berthed at Portsmouth Dockyard in 1956.

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Lipka Tatars

The Lipka Tatars (also known as Lithuanian Tatars, Polish Tatars, Lipkowie, Lipcani or Muślimi) are a group of Tatars who originally settled in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania at the beginning of the 14th century.

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List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (2000–09)

This is a list of notable accidents and incidents involving military aircraft grouped by the year in which the accident or incident occurred.

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List of air display teams

Many air forces, some navies, and even a few private organizations, have established air display teams to perform in domestic and international air shows.

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List of air forces

This alphabetically arranged list of air forces identifies the current and historical names and roundels for the military aviation arms of countries fielding an air component, whether an independent air force, a naval air arm, army aviation unit, or coast guard.

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List of armies by country

This is a list of Armies (Land Forces) of the countries of the World.

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List of casualties of the 2010 Polish Air Force Tu-154 crash

The 2010 Polish Air Force Tu-154 crash near Smolensk in Russia killed all 96 people on board, including Polish President Lech Kaczyński, his wife Maria Kaczyńska and dozens of other senior officials.

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List of centenarians (military commanders and soldiers)

The following is a list of centenarians – specifically, people who became famous as military commanders – known for reasons other than their longevity.

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List of equipment of the Polish Land Forces

List of equipment of the Polish Land forces.

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List of guerrillas

List of famous guerrillas, ordered by region.

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List of last stands

A last stand is a military situation where a (normally) small defensive force holds a position against a significantly more powerful attacking force, often (though not necessarily) as their final act before being defeated.

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List of last surviving World War I veterans

The following is a list of known veterans of the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918) who died in 2009 (5 veterans), 2010 (1 veteran), 2011 (2 veterans) and 2012 (1 veteran).

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List of Mauthausen-Gusen inmates

This is an incomplete list of notable inmates who were held at the Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp.

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List of Members of the Canadian House of Commons with military service (K)

Category:Members of the House of Commons of Canada with military service.

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List of Mil Mi-8/17 operators

The following nations currently operate (or formerly owned) Mi-8 and Mi-17 helicopters in civil or military roles.

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List of militaries by country

This is a list of militaries by country, including the main branches and sub-branches.

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List of military flags

This is a list of flags flown by military powers worldwide.

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List of military units in the Warsaw Uprising

This is a list of military units taking part in the Warsaw Uprising, a Polish insurrection during the Second World War that began on August 1, 1944.

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List of notable surviving veterans of World War II

This is a list of notable surviving veterans of World War II (1939–1945).

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List of paratrooper forces

The following is an incomplete list of paratrooper forces from around the world.

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List of people from Suwałki

Over the centuries Suwałki has produced a number of persons who have provided unique contributions to the fields of science, language, politics, religion, sports, visual arts and performing arts.

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List of Polish flags

A variety of Polish flags are defined in current Polish national law, either through an act of parliament or a ministerial ordinance.

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List of Polish generals

The following is a list of Polish generals, that is the people who held the rank of general, as well as those who acted as de facto generals by commanding a division or brigade.

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List of Polish people

This is a partial list of notable Polish or Polish-speaking or -writing persons.

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List of World War II prisoner-of-war camps in the Soviet Union

The following is a list of prisoner-of-war camps in the Soviet Union during World War II.

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Lithuanian–Polish–Ukrainian Brigade

Lithuanian–Polish–Ukrainian Brigade (abbr. LITPOLUKRBRIG; Lietuvos-Lenkijos-Ukrainos brigada, LITPOLUKRBRIG; Литовсько-Польсько-Українська Бригада, ЛИТПОЛУКРБРИГ; Brygada litewsko-polsko-ukraińska) is a multinational brigade consisting of units from the Lithuanian, Polish and Ukrainian armies.

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Living torpedoes

Living torpedoes (Żywe torpedy; also Straceńcy — “Desperates” or "the Lost") was a social and military phenomenon which began in the Second Polish Republic in mid-1939, when the threat from Nazi Germany became real.

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Lotna

Lotna is a 1959 Polish war film directed by Andrzej Wajda.

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Love Stories

Love Stories (Historie miłosne) is a 1997 Polish film about four men with unresolved romances.

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Lubaczów

Lubaczów (Любачів Liubachiv) is a town in southeastern Poland, close to the border with Ukraine, with 12,567 inhabitants Situated in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship (since 1999), it is the capital of Lubaczów County and is located northeast of Przemyśl.

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Lubawa

Lubawa (Löbau in Westpreußen, Old Prussian: Lūbawa) is a town in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland.

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Lublin 1980 strikes

The Lublin 1980 strikes (also known as Lublin July, Lubelski Lipiec) were the series of workers' strikes in the area of the eastern city of Lublin (People's Republic of Poland), demanding better salaries and lower prices of food products.

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Lublin Army

Lublin Army (Armia Lublin) was an improvised Polish Army created on September 4, 1939 from the Warsaw Armoured Motorized Brigade and various smaller units concentrated around the cities of Lublin, Sandomierz and upper Vistula river.

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Lucjan Żeligowski

Lucjan Żeligowski (1865–1947) was a Polish general, politician, military commander and veteran of World War I, the Polish-Soviet War and World War II.

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Ludwik Idzikowski

Ludwik Idzikowski (August 24, 1891 – July 13, 1929) was a Polish military aviator.

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Ludwik Rydygier

Ludwik Rydygier (German: Ludwig Anton Rydygier von Ruediger)(21 August 1850 – 25 June 1920) was a German-Polish surgeon and professor of medicine.

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Lutsk

Lutsk (Luc'k,, Łuck, Luck) is a city on the Styr River in northwestern Ukraine.

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M113 armored personnel carrier

The M113 is a fully tracked armored personnel carrier (APC) that was developed by Food Machinery Corp (FMC).

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M1918 Browning Automatic Rifle

The Browning Automatic Rifle (BAR) is a family of American automatic rifles and machine guns used by the United States and numerous other countries during the 20th century. The primary variant of the BAR series was the M1918, chambered for the.30-06 Springfield rifle cartridge and designed by John Browning in 1917 for the U.S. Expeditionary Corps in Europe as a replacement for the French-made Chauchat and M1909 Benét–Mercié machine guns that US forces had previously been issued. The BAR was designed to be carried by infantrymen during an assault Article by Maxim Popenker, 2014. advance while supported by the sling over the shoulder, or to be fired from the hip. This is a concept called "walking fire" — thought to be necessary for the individual soldier during trench warfare.Chinn, George M.: The Machine Gun, Volume I: History, Evolution, and Development of Manual, Automatic, and Airborne Repeating Weapons, p. 175. Bureau of Ordnance, Department of the Navy, 1951. The BAR never entirely lived up to the original hopes of the war department as either a rifle or a machine gun. The U.S. Army, in practice, used the BAR as a light machine gun, often fired from a bipod (introduced on models after 1938).Bishop, Chris: The Encyclopedia of Weapons of World War II, p. 239. Sterling Publishing, 2002. A variant of the original M1918 BAR, the Colt Monitor Machine Rifle, remains the lightest production automatic gun to fire the.30-06 Springfield cartridge, though the limited capacity of its standard 20-round magazine tended to hamper its utility in that role. Although the weapon did see some action in World War I, the BAR did not become standard issue in the US Army until 1938, when it was issued to squads as a portable light machine gun. The BAR saw extensive service in both World War II and the Korean War and saw limited service in the Vietnam War. The US Army began phasing out the BAR in the late 1950s, when it was intended to be replaced by a squad automatic weapon (SAW) variant of the M14, and was without a portable light machine gun until the introduction of the M60 machine gun in 1957. The M60, however, was really a general-purpose machine gun (GPMG) and was used as a SAW only because the army had no other tool for the job until the M249 Squad Automatic Weapon in the mid-1980s.

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Maciej Kalenkiewicz

Maciej Kalenkiewicz (1906–1944; nom de guerre Kotwicz) was a Polish engineer and military officer, a podpułkownik of the Polish Army.

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Maciej Matthew Szymanski

Maciej Matthew Szymański (26 February 1926, Warsaw – 5 May 2015, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada) was a member of the Polish Underground Army during World War II (nom de guerre 'Kruczkowski'), an officer in the Polish paramilitary organization NSZ, participant in the Warsaw Uprising of 1944 at the age of 18, Canadian architect, draughtsman, and author of self-published memoirs and essays in his retirement.

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Maciejówka (cap)

Maciejówka (literally "Maciej's cap") is a type of headgear popular in late 19th and early 20th century Poland.

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Maciejowice

Maciejowice is a village in Garwolin County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.

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Main Directorate of Information of the Polish Army

Główny Zarząd Informacji Wojska Polskiego (GZI WP - "Main Directorate of Information of the Polish Army"), was a name of a first military Police and counter-espionage organ of the Polish People's Army in communist Poland during and after World War II.

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Major general

Major general (abbreviated MG, Maj. Gen. and similar) is a military rank used in many countries.

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Maladzyechna

Maladzyechna (Маладзе́чна/Maladziečna,; Молоде́чно) is a city in the Minsk Voblast of Belarus, an administrative centre of the Maladzyechna district (and formerly of the Maladzyechna Voblast).

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March 1917

The following events occurred in March 1917.

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Marcin Klemensowski

Marcin Klemensowski of Gozdawa (1791-1869) was a Polish military officer and a Colonel of the Polish Army.

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Maria Mitrosz

Maria Mitrosz (born 1970 in Białystok, Poland) is a Polish soprano.

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Marian Chodacki

Marian Stanisław Chodacki (July 15, 1898, Nowy Sącz - June 26, 1975, New York City) – certified colonel of the infantry branch of the Polish Army under the Second Republic, diplomat, the last Commissioner General of the Republic of Poland in the Free City of Gdańsk in the years 1936-1939, executive director of the Józef Piłsudski Institute of America in the years 1949-1951.

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Marian Gołębiewski (soldier)

Marian Gołębiewski (noms de guerre "Irka", "Korab", "Lotka", "Ster", "Swoboda"), a soldier of the Home Army and the anti-Communist organization Wolność i Niezawisłość was born on April 16, 1911 in Płońsk, Poland.

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Marian Porwit

Marian Porwit (1895-1988) was a Polish military officer, a Colonel of the Polish Army and a military historian.

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Marian Sowiński

Gen.

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Marian Spychalski

Marian "Marek" Spychalski (6 December 1906 – 7 June 1980) was a Polish architect in pre-war Poland, and later, military commander and communist politician.

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Marian Suski

Marian Suski (2 November 1905 – 25 December 1993) was a Polish fencer and engineer.

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Marian Turkowski

Marian Turkowski (1894 - 1948) was a soldier of Polish Legions in World War I and Polish II Corps in Russia, and officer, later General brygady of the Polish Army.

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Marian Zyndram-Kościałkowski

Marian Zyndram-Kościałkowski (16 March 1892, Pandėlys, Kovno Governorate – 12 April 1946 near Woking) was a Polish politician and military officer who served as voivode of Białystok Voivodeship in 1930-1934, Mayor of Warsaw in 1934 and 27th Prime Minister of Poland from 1935 to 1936.

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Marines

Marines, also known as a marine corps or naval infantry, are typically an infantry force that specializes in the support of naval and army operations at sea and on land, as well as the execution of their own operations.

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Mariusz Zaruski

Mariusz Zaruski (1867–1941) was a Brigadier-General in the Polish Army, a pioneer of Polish sports yachting, an outstanding climber of the winter and caves of Tatra Mountains.

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Marko Bezruchko

Marko Danylovych Bezruchko (1883–1944) was a Ukrainian military commander and a General of the Ukrainian National Republic.

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Marmon-Herrington CTLS

The Marmon-Herrington Combat Tank Light Series were a series of American light tanks/tankettes that were produced for the export market at the start of the Second World War.

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Marshal of Poland

Marshal of Poland (Marszałek Polski) is the highest rank in the Polish Army.

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Massacre in Podgaje

The Podgaje Massacre refers to the mass murder of Polish Army soldiers, who were captured in January 1945 by the Waffen SS.

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Masuria

Masuria (Masuren, Masurian: Mazurÿ) is a region in northern Poland famous for its 2,000 lakes.

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Mazowiecka Cavalry Brigade

Mazowiecka Cavalry Brigade (Mazowiecka Brygada Kawalerii) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period, which took part in the Polish September Campaign.

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Mława

Mława (מלאווע Mlave; 1941-45 Mielau) is a town in north-central Poland with 30,957 inhabitants in 2012.

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Mercedes-Benz G-Class

The Mercedes-Benz G-Class, sometimes called G-Wagen (short for Geländewagen, "cross country vehicle"), is a mid-size four-wheel drive luxury SUV manufactured by Magna Steyr (formerly Steyr-Daimler-Puch) in Austria and sold by Mercedes-Benz.

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Merian C. Cooper

Merian Caldwell Cooper (October 24, 1893 – April 21, 1973) was an American aviator, United States Air Force and Polish Air Force officer, adventurer, screenwriter, film director, and producer.

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Michał Chomentowski

Michał Chomentowski (died 1794) was a Polish military commander and a high-ranking officer of the Polish Army.

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Michał Grażyński

Michał Grażyński (May 12, 1890, in Gdów – December 10, 1965, in London, United Kingdom) was a Polish military leader, social and political activist, doctor of philosophy and law, voivode of the Silesian Voivodeship, Scouting activist and president of Związek Harcerstwa Polskiego.

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Michał Karaszewicz-Tokarzewski

General Michał Tadeusz Karaszewicz-Tokarzewski, Coat of arms of Trąby pseudonym Doktor, Stolarski, TorwidJozef Garlinski Poland in the Second World War, Page 40 (b. 5 January 1893 in Lwów - 22 May 1964 in Casablanca, Morocco) was a Polish general, founder of the resistance movement "Polish Victory Service".

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Michał Rola-Żymierski

Michał Rola-Żymierski (September 4, 1890October 15, 1989) was a Polish high-ranking Communist Party leader, communist military commander, NKVD secret agent, and Marshal of Poland by Joseph Stalin's order from 1945 until his death.

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Michael Dekel

Michael Dekel (מיכאל דקל, bhorn 1 August 1920, died 20 September 1994) was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Likud between 1977 and 1988.

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Michael Goleniewski

Michael Goleniewski a.k.a. 'SNIPER', 'LAVINIA', (16 August 1922 – 12 July 1993), was a Polish officer in the People's Republic of Poland's Ministry of Public Security, the deputy head of military counterintelligence GZI WP, later head of the technical and scientific section of the Polish intelligence, and a spy for the Soviet government during the 1950s.

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Mieczysław Boruta-Spiechowicz

Mieczysław Ludwik Boruta-Spiechowicz (20 February 1894, Rzeszów – 13 October 1985, Zakopane) was a Polish military officer, a general of the Polish Army and a notable member of the post-war anti-communist opposition in Poland.

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Mieczysław Cygan

Mieczysław Cygan (born 2 August 1921 in Koniuszki, died 7 April 2006 in Warsaw) - Polish military commander, Brigadier General of the Polish Army, military governor of Gdańsk (1982–1988), Secretary General of the Council for the Protection of Struggle and Martyrdom Sites (1989–1990).

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Mieczysław Mackiewicz

Mieczysław Mackiewicz (9 May 1880 near Kowno – 6 August 1954 in Bangor, Wales) was a Polish general.

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Mieczysław Norwid-Neugebauer

Mieczysław Norwid-Neugebauer (15 February 1884 in Rzejowice, near Radomsko – 18 October 1954 in Toronto) was a minister in the interwar Polish government, and a major general in the Polish Army.

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Mieczysław Smorawiński

Brigadier General Mieczysław Makary Smorawiński (1893–1940), was a Polish military commander and officer of the Polish Army.

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Mieczysław Zygfryd Słowikowski

Mieczysław Zygfryd Słowikowski (Jazgarzew, near Warsaw, 1896–1989, London), also known as "Rygor-Słowikowski," was a Polish Army officer whose intelligence work in North Africa facilitated Allied preparations for the 1942 Operation Torch landings.

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Mieczyslaw Gruber

Samuel Gruber aka Mieczyslaw Gruber (January 3, 1913 – June 17, 2006) was born in Podhajce, Poland (now Pidhaitsi, Ukraine).

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Mieczyslaw Rys-Trojanowski

Mieczyslaw Rys-Trojanowski (October 21, 1881 in Krośniewice – April 4, 1945 in Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp) was a General brygady of Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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Mikołaj Struś

Mikołaj Struś (1577-1627) (Korczak coat of arms) was a Colonel of the Polish Army, a starosta and commandant of the Polish-Lithuanian garrison in the occupied Moscow Kremlin.

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Mil Mi-2

The Mil Mi-2 (NATO reporting name Hoplite) is a small, lightly armored turbine-powered transport helicopter that could also provide close air support when armed with 57 mm rockets and a 23 mm cannon.

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Mil Mi-24

The Mil Mi-24 (Миль Ми-24; NATO reporting name: Hind) is a large helicopter gunship, attack helicopter and low-capacity troop transport with room for eight passengers.

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Military beret

Berets have been a component of the uniforms of many armed forces throughout the world since the mid-20th century.

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Military district

Military districts (also called military regions) are formations of a state's armed forces (often of the Army) which are responsible for a certain area of territory.

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Military districts of Poland

Military districts of Poland were created in the aftermath of World War I, at a time when Poland regained its independence.

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Military eagle

Military eagles (orły wojskowe) are military insignia used in the Polish Armed Forces, based on the White Eagle of the Polish coat of arms.

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Military Institute of Armament Technology

Military Institute of Armament Technology (Wojskowy Instytut Techniczny Uzbrojenia; WITU) is a Polish scientific institution responsible for the research and development of new technologies for use by the military.

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Military organization

Military organization or military organisation is the structuring of the armed forces of a state so as to offer military capability required by the national defense policy.

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Ministry of Post and Telegraphs (Poland)

Ministry of Post and Telegraphs (Polish: Ministerstwo Poczt i Telegrafów, MPiT) was a ministry in the Second Polish Republic.

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Miron Chodakowski

Archbishop Miron (21 October 1957 – 10 April 2010), born Mirosław Chodakowski, was a Polish religious figure.

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Mk 19 grenade launcher

The Mk 19 grenade launcher (pronounced Mark 19) is an American 40 mm belt-fed automatic grenade launcher that was first developed during the Vietnam War.

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Mk44 Bushmaster II

The Mk44 Bushmaster II is a 30 mm chain gun manufactured by Alliant Techsystems.

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Modern history of Ukraine

Ukraine emerges as the concept of a nation, and the Ukrainians as a nationality, with the Ukrainian National Revival which is believed started sometime at the end of 18th and the beginning of 19th century.

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Modest Romiszewski

Modest Romiszewski (29 July 1861 in Warsaw - 7 October 1930 in Warsaw) was a Polish general, son of Imperial Russian Army general Władysław Romiszewski and Anna Dżakeli.

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Monastyryska

Monastyryska (Монастириська; Monasterzyska) is a town in Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine.

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Mordechai Anielewicz

Mordechai Anielewicz (מרדכי אנילביץ'; 1919 – 8 May 1943) was the leader of the Jewish Fighting Organization (Żydowska Organizacja Bojowa, ŻOB), which led the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising; the largest Jewish insurrection during the Second World War, which inspired further rebellions in both ghettos and extermination camps.

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Morgenthau Report

The Morgenthau report was a report compiled by Henry Morgenthau, Sr., as member of the "Mission of the United States to Poland" which was appointed by the American Commission to Negotiate Peace formed by President Woodrow Wilson in the aftermath of World War I. The mission consisted of three American members: former US ambassador Henry Morgenthau, Brigadier General Edgar Jadwin of Engineer Corps, and professor of law Homer H. Johnson from Cleveland; and from the British side Sir Stuart M. Samuel.

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Mors submachine gun

Pistolet maszynowy wz.

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Multinational Corps Northeast

Multinational Corps Northeast was formed on 18 September 1999 at Szczecin, Poland, which became its headquarters.

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Multinational Division Central-South

Multinational Division Central-South (MND-CS), created in September 2003, and supported by NATO, was a part of the Multinational Force Iraq.

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Murmańczycy

Murmańczycy (Murmansk Group or Murmanians) was a common name for Polish military formations which fought against the Bolsheviks in the area of Murmansk and Arkhangelsk, northern Russia, in 1918–1919.

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Naczelnik Państwa

Naczelnik Państwa (Chief of State) was the title of Poland's head of state in the early years of the Second Polish Republic.

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Nagant wz. 30

Rewolwer Nagant wz.

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Nahum Manbar

Nahum Manbar (נחום מנבר, born April 18, 1946) is an Israeli businessman who was involved in arms trade with Iran.

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National Defense (Poland)

National Defense (Obrona Narodowa, ON) was a volunteer military formation of the Second Polish Republic.

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National Movement (Poland)

National Movement (Ruch Narodowy), abbreviated to RN, is a political party, first formed as an electoral alliance of right-wing and far-right nationalist political movements in Poland, which have signed an ideological agreement, including extreme right-wing movements National Radical Camp and the All-Polish Youth, and conservative-liberal Real Politics Union, the only political party taking part in the agreement.

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NATO Enhanced Forward Presence

NATO's Enhanced Forward Presence is an allied, forward deployed defense and deterrence posture in Eastern Europe to protect and reassure NATO's Eastern member states of their security.

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Navahrudak

Navahrudak (Навагрудак), more commonly known by its Russian name Novogrudok (Новогрудок) (Naugardukas; Nowogródek; נאָווהאַרדאָק Novhardok) is a city in the Grodno Region of Belarus.

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Nikodem Sulik

Nikodem Sulik-Sarnowski, who used the noms de guerre "Jodko", "Jod", "Karol", and "Sarnowski" (August 15, 1893 - January 14, 1954), was an officer of the Russian Imperial Army, and Generał brygady of the Polish Army.

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Nikolai Sollogub

Nikolai Sollogub (Николай Владимирович Соллогуб; May 16, 1883 – August 7, 1937) was a Russian and later Soviet military officer.

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Nkm wz.38 FK

The Nkm wz.38 FK (Polish military acronym meaning Heaviest Machine Gun Mark 1938) was a 20mm heavy machine gun (autocannon by modern terminology) produced in inter-war Poland.

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No. 663 Squadron RAF

No.

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Non-military armored vehicle

Non-military armoured vehicles are armored vehicles used outside professional armed forces.

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November Uprising

The November Uprising (1830–31), also known as the Polish–Russian War 1830–31 or the Cadet Revolution, was an armed rebellion in the heartland of partitioned Poland against the Russian Empire.

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Nowa Dęba

Nowa Dęba is a town in Tarnobrzeg County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland, with a population of 11,310, as of 2 June 2009.

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Nowogródek Voivodeship (1919–1939)

Nowogródek Voivodeship (Województwo nowogródzkie) was a unit of administrative division of the Second Polish Republic between 1919 and 1939, with the capital in Nowogródek (now Navahrudak, Belarus).

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Nowogródzka Cavalry Brigade

Nowogródzka Cavalry Brigade (Polish: Nowogródzka Brygada Kawalerii) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period.

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Oświęcim

Oświęcim (Auschwitz; אָשפּיצין Oshpitzin) is a town in the Lesser Poland (Małopolska) province of southern Poland, situated west of Cracow, near the confluence of the Vistula (Wisła) and Soła rivers.

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Odessa University

Odesa I. I. Mechnikov National University (Одеський національний університет імені І. І. Мечникова, Одесский национальный университет имени И. И. Мечникова), located in Odessa, Ukraine, is one of the country's major universities, named after the scientist Élie Metchnikoff (who studied immunology, microbiology, and evolutionary embryology), a Nobel prizewinner in 1908.

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Offensive grenade wz. 24

The Granat zaczepny wz.24 (Polish for Offensive grenade, Mark 1924) was a concussion grenade used by the Polish Army before and during World War II.

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Officer Concentration Station Rothesay

Officer Concentration Station Rothesay (Polish language: Stacja Zborna Oficerów Rothesay) was a military center of Polish Armed Forces in the West.

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Oflag VII-A Murnau

Oflag VII-A Murnau was a German Army POW camp for Polish Army officers during World War II.

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Okęcie Airport incident

The Okęcie Airport incident (Afera na Okęciu) was a dispute between players and technical staff of the Poland national football team on 29 November 1980, starting at the team hotel in Warsaw and climaxing at Okęcie Airport.

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Operation Eagle's Feather

Operation Eagle's Feather is an operation in which the Polish Army, supported by the Afghan Armed Forces, carried out an offensive against the Taliban in Afghanistan as part of the War on Terror.

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Operation Imposing Law

Operation Imposing Law, also known as Operation Law and Order (translit), Operation Fardh al-Qanoon (فرض القانون) or Baghdad Security Plan (BSP), was a joint Coalition-Iraqi security plan conducted throughout Baghdad.

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Operation Tempest

Operation Tempest (akcja „Burza”, sometimes referred in English as Operation Storm) was a series of anti-Nazi uprisings conducted during World War II by the Polish Home Army (Armia Krajowa, AK), the dominant force in the Polish resistance.

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Operational Group

Operational Group (Grupa Operacyjna, abbreviated GO) was the highest level of tactical division of the Polish Army before and during World War II and the invasion of Poland.

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Operational history of the Luftwaffe (1939–45)

During the Second World War the German Luftwaffe was the main support weapon of the German Army (Heer).

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Operational Structure of the Polish Land Forces

The full structure of the Polish Land Forces is.

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Opposing forces in the Polish September Campaign

Germany and Poland were the main opposing forces in the Polish September Campaign.

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Ordensburg Krössinsee

Ordensburg Krössinsee (also Crössinsee) was the first of three NS-Ordensburgen, educational centers constructed in Germany in the 1930s for cadres of the Nazi Party.

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Orders, decorations, and medals of Poland

The following is a list of medals, awards and decorations in use in Poland.

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Osadnik

Osadniks (osadnik/osadnicy, "settler/settlers, colonist/colonists") were veterans of the Polish Army and civilians who were given or sold state land in the Kresy (current Western Belarus and western Ukraine) territory ceded to Poland by Polish-Soviet Riga Peace Treaty of 1921 (and occupied by the Soviet Union in 1939 and ceded to it after World War II).

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Osiek, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship

Osiek is a town in Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Poland, with 2,001 inhabitants (2010).

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Osowiec Fortress

Osowiec Fortress (Polish Twierdza Osowiec) is a 19th-century fortress located in north-eastern Poland, built by the Russian Empire.

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Ostroh

Ostroh (Остро́г; Остро́г, Ostrog; Ostróg) is a historic city located in Rivne Oblast (province) of western Ukraine, on the Horyn River.

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OT-64 SKOT

The OT-64 SKOT (Czech acronym for: Střední Kolový Obrněný Transportér, and/or Polish Średni Kołowy Opancerzony Transporter – medium wheeled armoured transporter) is an amphibious, armored personnel carrier (8x8), developed jointly by Poland and Czechoslovakia (ČSSR) well into the 1960s.

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Otton Steinborn

Otton Andrzej Steinborn (26 May 1868 in Nowy Sumin in Bory Tucholskie - 4 July 1936 in Toruń) was a Polish dermatologist and mayor of Toruń.

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Outline of Poland

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Poland: The Republic of Poland is a sovereign country located in Central Europe.

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Pacification of Wujek

The Pacification of Wujek was a strike-breaking action by the Polish police and army at the Wujek Coal Mine in Katowice, Poland, culminating in the massacre of nine striking miners on December 16, 1981.

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Pact Ribbentrop - Beck

Pact Ribbentrop - Beck (Polish: Pakt Ribbentrop - Beck) is an alternative history novel by Polish journalist and writer Piotr Zychowicz.

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Pallad grenade launcher

The Pallad (also known as the wz. 1974) is a 40 mm Polish underslung grenade launcher, developed for use with the AKM assault-rifle and intended to replace the kbkg wz. 1960 grenade-launcher rifle.

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Parachutist Badge

The Parachutist Badge or Parachutist Brevet is a military badge awarded by the Armed Forces of most countries in the world to soldiers who receive the proper parachute training and accomplish the required number of jumps.

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Participants in Operation Enduring Freedom

Following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, several nations took on Al-Qaeda and the Taliban during Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) in Afghanistan.

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Patria AMV

The Patria AMV (Armored Modular Vehicle) is an 8×8 multi-role military vehicle produced by the Finnish defence industry company Patria.

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Patriotic Party

The Patriotic Party (Stronnictwo Patriotyczne), also known as the Patriot Party or, in English, as the Reform Party, was a political movement in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the period of the Four-Year Sejm (Great Sejm) of 1788–92, whose chief achievement was the Constitution of 3 May 1791.

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Pavlo Shandruk

Pavlo Shandruk (Павло Шандрук, Pawło Szandruk, February 28, 1889 in Volhynia – February 15, 1979 in Trenton, New Jersey) was a general in the army of the Ukrainian National Republic, a colonel of the Polish Army, and a prominent general of the Ukrainian National Army, a military force that fought against the Soviets under German command at the close of World War II.

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Paweł Jasienica

Paweł Jasienica was the pen name of Leon Lech Beynar (10 November 1909 – 19 August 1970), a Polish historian, journalist, essayist and soldier.

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Pergamon World Atlas

The Pergamon World Atlas (in English, 1968) was originally prepared by the Polish Army Topographical Service.

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Periscope

A periscope is an instrument for observation over, around or through an object, obstacle or condition that prevents direct line-of-sight observation from an observer's current position.

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Petro Dyachenko

Petro Dyachenko (Петро́ Дяче́нко, Petro Diaczenko, January 30, 1895 in Berezova Luka, Poltava Governorate, Russian Empire (present-day Ukraine) – April 23, 1965 in Philadelphia, United States) was a Ukrainian military commander who served as a staff captain in the Russian Army (World War I), colonel in the Ukrainian People's Army (1917–1921), major in the Polish Army (1928–1939), officer in the Volhynian Self-Defence Legion (aka 31. Schutzmannschaft-Bataillon des SD), commander of Panzerjagd-Brigade Vilna Ukraina (1945), and Colonel in the Ukrainian National Army (1945) and commander of the 2nd Division UNA.

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Peugeot Armored Car

The Peugeot armored car was a four wheeled armored vehicle based on a commercial Peugeot truck that was quickly developed by the French in 1914 for use in World War I.

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Pfyn

Pfyn is a municipality in Frauenfeld District in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.

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Pfyn culture

The Pfyn Culture is one of several archaeological cultures of the Neolithic period in Switzerland.

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Piła Główna railway station

Piła Główna railway station (Polish for Piła main station) is the main railway station in Piła, in the Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland.

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Piłsudczyk (armoured train)

Piłsudczyk ("Piłsudskiite") was a Polish armoured train of the early 20th century.

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Piłsudski's colonels

Piłsudski's colonels,, TIME, Monday, April 07, 1930, TIME, Monday, December 25, 1933 or the colonels' regime (in Polish called simply "the colonels"), dominated the government of the Second Polish Republic from 1926 to 1939.

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Pinsk massacre

The Pinsk massacre was the mass execution of thirty-five Jewish residents of Pinsk on April 5, 1919 by the Polish Army.

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Piotr Skrzynecki

Piotr Cezary Skrzynecki (12 September 1930, Warsaw – 27 April 1997, Kraków) was a Polish choreographer and director, cabaret impresario, best known for his involvement with the cabaret Piwnica pod Baranami (Cellar under the Rams), of whose he was the founder.

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Piotr Skuratowicz

Piotr Skuratowicz (1 August 1891 – 1940) was a Polish military commander and a General of the Polish Army.

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PK machine gun

The PK (Пулемёт Калашникова, transliterated as Pulemyot Kalashnikova, or "Kalashnikov's Machinegun"), is a 7.62x54mmR general-purpose machine gun designed in the Soviet Union and currently in production in Russia.

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Plan East

Plan East (Plan Wschód) was a Polish defensive military plan, created in the 1920s and 1930s in case of war with the Soviet Union.

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Plan West

Plan Zachód (Plan West) was a military plan of the Polish Army of the Second Polish Republic, for defence against invasion from Nazi Germany.

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Plutonowy

Plutonowy (literally Platoon-leader) is an NCO rank in the Polish Armed Forces rank insignia system, located between the ranks of Senior Corporal and Sergeant.

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Podhale Rifles

Podhale Rifles (Strzelcy podhalańscy) is the traditional name of the mountain infantry units of the Polish Army.

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Podlaska Cavalry Brigade

The Podlaska Cavalry Brigade (Polish: Podlaska Brygada Kawalerii) was a military unit of the Polish Army, created on April 1, 1937.

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Podolska Cavalry Brigade

Podolska Cavalry Brigade (Polish: Podolska Brygada Kawalerii) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period.

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Podporucznik

Podporucznik (literally sub-porucznik) is a military rank of the Polish Army, roughly equivalent to the military rank of the Second Lieutenant in the armed forces of the English-speaking countries.

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Pogrom

The term pogrom has multiple meanings, ascribed most often to the deliberate persecution of an ethnic or religious group either approved or condoned by the local authorities.

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Poland

Poland (Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country located in Central Europe.

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Poland's Wedding to the Sea

Poland's Wedding to the Sea was a nationalist ceremony meant to symbolize restored Polish access to the Baltic Sea that was lost in 1793 by the Partitions of Poland.

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Poldek Pfefferberg

Leopold "Poldek" Pfefferberg (March 20, 1913 – March 9, 2001), also known as Leopold Page, Library of Congress.

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Polesie Voivodeship

Polesie Voivodeship (województwo poleskie) was an administrative unit of interwar Poland (1918–1939).

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Polish 13th Infantry Regiment

13th Children of Krakow Infantry Regiment (Polish language: 13 Pulk Piechoty Dzieci Krakowa, 13 pp) was an infantry regiment of the Polish Army.

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Polish 1st Infantry Division

The term Polish 1st Infantry Division might refer to two distinct infantry units of the Polish Army, both fighting during various stages of the World War II.

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Polish 1st Legions Infantry Regiment

First Legions Infantry Regiment of Józef Piłsudski (Polish language: 1 Pulk Piechoty Legionow Jozefa Pilsudskiego; 1 pp Leg.) was an infantry regiment of the Polish Army in 1914-1939.

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Polish 24th Uhlan Regiment

24th Uhlan Regiment of Crown Hetman Stanislaw Zolkiewski (Polish: 24 Pulk Ulanów im. Hetmana Wielkiego Koronnego Stanislawa Zolkiewskiego, 24 p.ul.) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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Polish 27th Uhlan Regiment

27th Uhlan Regiment of King Stefan Batory (Polish language: 27 Pulk Ulanow im. Krola Stefana Batorego, 27 p.ul.) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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Polish Agency of Trade Information

Polish Agency of Trade Information (Polish language: Polska Agencja Informacji Handlowej, PAIH) was a Polish industrial espionage agency, formed in Warsaw, in December 1932.

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Polish Air Force order of battle in 1939

The following is the order of battle of the Polish Air Force prior to the outbreak of the Polish Defensive War of 1939.

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Polish Armed Forces

The Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland (Polish:Siły Zbrojne Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, abbreviated SZ RP; popularly called Wojsko Polskie in Poland, abbreviated WP—roughly, the "Polish Military") are the national armed forces of the Republic of Poland.

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Polish Armed Forces in the East (1914–20)

Polish Armed Forces in the East around World War I is a term used for several Polish military formations formed in Russia and operating in the period of 1914–1920 (First World War, Russian Revolution of 1917, and the early stages of the Polish-Ukrainian War and Polish-Soviet War. Early formations were part of the Imperial Russian Army. Later, during the Russian Revolution, the Polish formations were mainly allied to the White Russian forces and the Western powers (both the German Empire and the Entente). All the formations (or their remains) were eventually incorporated into the Polish Army by 1920.

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Polish Armed Forces rank insignia

This article presents the military ranks of the entire Polish Armed Forces as well as the rank insignia used today.

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Polish Army in France

The term Polish Army in France might refer to the following units of the Polish Army.

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Polish Army manoeuvres in Volhynia

In the interbellum Poland, headquarters of the Polish Army frequently organized huge military manoeuvres on the territory of the Volhynian Voivodeship.

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Polish Army Stadium

Marshal Józef Piłsudski Legia Warsaw Municipal Stadium (Stadion Miejski Legii Warszawa im.), traditionally also referred to as the Polish Army Stadium (Stadion Wojska Polskiego) in Warsaw, Poland, is an all-seater, highest fourth category football-specific stadium.

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Polish cavalry

The Polish cavalry (jazda, kawaleria, konnica) can trace its origins back to the days of medieval mounted knights.

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Polish cavalry brigade order of battle in 1939

The following is a standard order of battle of the Polish cavalry brigade in 1939.

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Polish contribution to World War II

The European theatre of World War II opened with the German invasion of Poland on Friday September 1, 1939 and the Soviet invasion of Poland on September 17, 1939.

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Polish football in the interwar period

The interwar period of Polish football began in the late fall of 1918 after First World War, when Poland regained independence, which had been lost at the end of 18th century (see: Partitions of Poland).

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Polish I Corps in Russia

Polish I Corps in Russia (I Korpus Polski w Rosji) was a Polish military formation formed in Belarus, in August 1917 in the aftermath of the Russian Revolution of 1917, from soldiers of Polish origin serving in the Russian Army.

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Polish Independent Carpathian Rifle Brigade

Polish Independent Carpathian Brigade (Polish Samodzielna Brygada Strzelców Karpackich, SBSK) was a Polish military unit formed in 1940 in French Syria composed of the Polish soldiers exiled after the invasion of Poland in 1939 as part of the Polish Army in France.

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Polish involvement in the 2003 invasion of Iraq

On March 17, 2003, then Polish President Aleksander Kwaśniewski announced that Poland would send about 2,000 troops to the Persian Gulf to take part in the 2003 invasion of Iraq.

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Polish Land Forces

The Land Forces (Wojska Lądowe) are a military branch of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland.

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Polish Legions in World War I

The Polish Legions (Legiony Polskie) was a name of the Polish military force (the first active Polish army in generations) established in August 1914 in Galicia soon after World War I erupted between the opposing alliances of the Triple Entente on one side (including the British Empire, the French Republic and the Russian Empire); and the Central Powers on the other side, including the German Empire and Austria-Hungary.

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Polish Military Organisation

Polish Military Organisation, PMO ('Polska Organizacja Wojskowa', POW) was a secret military organization created by Józef Piłsudski in August 1914, and officially named in November 1914, during World War I. Its tasks were to gather intelligence and sabotage the enemies of the Polish people.

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Polish Museum, Rapperswil

The Polish Museum, Rapperswil, was founded in Rapperswil, Switzerland, on October 23, 1870, by Polish Count Władysław Broel-Plater, at the urging of Agaton Giller, as "a refuge for.

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Polish Northern Front (1920)

The Northern Front was one of the largest strategic formations of the Polish Army.

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Polish Northern Front (1939)

Polish Northern Front (1939) (Polish language: Front Północny, also called Army Group of General Stefan Dąb-Biernacki) was an operational unit of the Polish Army in the Invasion of Poland.

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Polish order of precedence

There is no official document specifying the order of precedence in Poland.

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Polish People's Army

The Polish People's Army (Ludowe Wojsko Polskie, LWP) constituted the second formation of the Polish Armed Forces in the East (1943–1945) and later the armed forces (1945–1989) of the Polish communist government of Poland (from 1952, the Polish People's Republic) along with the ruling Polish United Workers' Party.

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Polish People's Republic

The Polish People's Republic (Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa, PRL) covers the history of contemporary Poland between 1952 and 1990 under the Soviet-backed socialist government established after the Red Army's release of its territory from German occupation in World War II.

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Polish prisoners-of-war in the Soviet Union after 1939

As a result of the Soviet invasion of Poland in 1939, hundreds of thousands of Polish soldiers became prisoners of war in the Soviet Union.

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Polish Southern Front

The Southern Front (Polish Front Południowy) was one of two fronts of the Polish Army created during the Invasion of Poland of 1939 against the allied forces of Nazi Germany and Soviet Union.

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Polish Special Forces

Wojska Specjalne, WS (en. Special Troops) is the 4th military branch of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland formed in early 2007.

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Polish Underground State

The Polish Underground State (Polskie Państwo Podziemne, also known as the Polish Secret State) is a collective term for the underground resistance organizations in Poland during World War II, both military and civilian, that were loyal to the Government of the Republic of Poland in exile in London.

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Polish–Georgian alliance

The Polish–Georgian alliance was a short-lived alliance (1920–1921) between the Second Polish Republic and the Democratic Republic of Georgia.

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Polish–Lithuanian War

The Polish–Lithuanian War was an armed conflict between newly independent Lithuania and Poland in the aftermath of World War I. The conflict primarily concerned territorial control of the Vilnius Region, including Vilnius, and the Suwałki Region, including the towns of Suwałki, Augustów, and Sejny.

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Polish–Soviet War in 1919

In 1918, the German Army in the east was the most powerful force in the region.

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Polish–Soviet War in 1920

The Polish–Soviet war erupted in 1919 in the aftermath of World War I. The root causes were twofold: a territorial dispute dating back to Polish-Russian wars in the 17–18th centuries; and a clash of ideology due to USSR's goal of spreading communist rule further west, to Europe (Soviet westward offensive of 1918–19).

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Polish–Ukrainian War

The Polish–Ukrainian War of 1918 and 1919 was a conflict between the Second Polish Republic and Ukrainian forces (both West Ukrainian People's Republic and Ukrainian People's Republic).

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Polkovnik

Polkovnik (lit) is a military rank in Slavic countries and countries in the former Soviet Union mostly which corresponds to a colonel in English-speaking states, and oberst in several German-speaking and Scandinavian countries.

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Polonia Bydgoszcz

Polonia Bydgoszcz is a Polish sports club based in Bydgoszcz most known for its speedway team ŻKS Polonia Bydgoszcz which currently race in the Speedway Ekstraliga (the top division).

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Polska Siła Zbrojna

Royal Polish Army contemptuously nicknamed die Polnische Wehrmacht by Imperial Germany (Polska Siła Zbrojna) was a military formation created during World War I in direct response to Piłsudski's refusal to swear an oath of allegiance to Germany.

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Polski Fiat 621

Polski Fiat 621 was a Polish 2.5-tonne truck, the basic lorry of the Polish Army during the 1930s.

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Pomeranian Cavalry Brigade

Pomeranian Cavalry Brigade (Polish: Pomorska Brygada Kawalerii) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period.

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Pomeranian Military District

The Pomeranian Military District (Polish acronym POW) was a military district of the Polish Armed Forces from 1945 to 2011.

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Poniatowa

Poniatowa is a town in southeastern Poland, in Opole Lubelskie County, in Lublin Voivodship, with 10,500 inhabitants (2006).

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Pope John Paul II

Pope John Paul II (Ioannes Paulus II; Giovanni Paolo II; Jan Paweł II; born Karol Józef Wojtyła;; 18 May 1920 – 2 April 2005) served as Pope and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 1978 to 2005.

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Popski's Private Army

Popski's Private Army, officially No.

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Poraj coat of arms

Poraj is a Polish Coat of Arms.

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Prime Minister of Poland

The President of the Council of Ministers (Polish: Prezes Rady Ministrów), colloquially referred to as the Prime Minister of Poland (Polish: Premier Polski), is the leader of the cabinet and the head of government of Poland.

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Prometheism

Prometheism or Prometheanism (Polish: Prometeizm) was a political project initiated by Poland's Józef Piłsudski.

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Proving ground

A proving ground (US), training area (Australia, Ireland, UK) or training centre (Canada) is a military installation or reservation where weapons or other military technology are experimented with or are tested, or where military tactics are tested.

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Przebraże Defence

The Przebraże Defence was the World War II defence of Przebraże (now Гайове, Ukraine), a Polish settlement, located in Lutsk county of the Wołyń (i.e. Volhynian) Voivodeship, near the village of Troscianiec.

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Przecław Lanckoroński

Przecław Lanckoroński (Предслав Лянцкоронський) of Brzezie of Zadora coat of arms (died 10 June 1531) was a notable member of the Polish szlachta, a knight often identified as the first hetman of the Cossacks in service of Poland, as well as a landowner and starost of Chmielnik, title awarded in modern Ukraine.

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Przemyśl

Przemyśl (Premissel, Peremyshl, Перемишль less often Перемишель) is a city in south-eastern Poland with 66,756 inhabitants, as of June 2009.

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Przysposobienie Wojskowe Kobiet

Przysposobienie Wojskowe Kobiet (Female Military Training) was a Polish organization for women, which existed in the interbellum period as well as during World War II.

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Przyszowice massacre

The Przyszowice massacre (Zbrodnia przyszowicka or tragedia przyszowicka) was a massacre perpetrated by the Red Army against civilian inhabitants of the Polish village of Przyszowice in Upper Silesia during the period January 26 to January 28, 1945.

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Przytyk pogrom

The Przytyk pogrom or Przytyk riots occurred between Polish and Jewish community in Przytyk, Radom County, Kielce Voivodeship, Second Polish Republic, on March 9, 1936.

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PT-91 Twardy

The PT-91 Twardy ("resilient") is a Polish main battle tank.

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PTRD-41

The PTRD-41 (Shortened from Russian, ProtivoTankovoye Ruzhyo Degtyaryova; Противотанковое однозарядное ружьё системы Дегтярёва образца 1941 года;"Degtyaryov Anti-Tank Rifle") was an anti-tank rifle produced and used from early 1941 by the Soviet Red Army during World War II.

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PWS-22

PWS-22, otherwise known as PWS-22BN3 was a Polish heavy bomber design created by Zbysław Ciołkosz and Antoni Uszacki of the Podlaska Wytwórnia Samolotów (PWS) factory in Biała Podlaska.

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PWS-23

PWS-23 was a Polish heavy bomber and transport plane design created by Zbysław Ciołkosz and Antoni Uszacki of the Podlaska Wytwórnia Samolotów (PWS) factory in Biała Podlaska.

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PZInż 703

PZInż 703 and its development versions PZInż 713 and PZInż 723 were a family of Polish trucks, lorries, buses and artillery trailers.

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PZL W-3 Sokół

The PZL W-3 Sokół (english: Falcon) is a medium-size, twin-engine, multipurpose helicopter developed and manufactured by Polish helicopter company PZL-Świdnik (now AgustaWestland Świdnik).

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PZL.37 Łoś

The PZL.37 Łoś (moose) was a Polish twin-engined medium bomber designed and manufactured by national aircraft company PZL.

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PZL.54 Ryś

The PZL.54 Ryś (lynx) was a pre-war Polish heavy fighter design developed in 1939 by the PZL company.

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RAF Findo Gask

RAF Findo Gask was a Royal Air Force airfield located west of Perth, Scotland used during the Second World War.

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Raid on Fraustadt

The Raid on Fraustadt (Wypad na Wschowę) was a military raid, carried out by the Polish Army on September 2, 1939, second day of the Invasion of Poland.

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Raid on Mittenheide

In mid-August 1943 a Polish unit of the Uderzeniowe Bataliony Kadrowe (English: Striking Cadre Battalions, UBK), which was controlled by the right-wing organization Konfederacja Narodu, organized armed attack on East Prussian villages in the area of Johannisburg (now: Pisz).

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Rava-Ruska

Rava-Ruska (translit. Rava-Rus'ka;;, Rave) is a city in Zhovkva Raion, Lviv Oblast of western Ukraine.

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Republic of Central Lithuania

The Republic of Central Lithuania or Middle Lithuania (Republika Litwy Środkowej, Vidurio Lietuvos Respublika, Рэспубліка Сярэдняе Літвы / Respublika Siaredniaje Litvy), or Central Lithuania (Litwa Środkowa, Vidurio Lietuva or Vidurinė Lietuva, Сярэдняя Літва / Siaredniaja Litva), was a short-lived political entity, which did not gain international recognition.

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Republic of Tarnobrzeg

The Republic of Tarnobrzeg (Republika Tarnobrzeska) was a short-lived entity, proclaimed 6 November 1918 in the Polish town of Tarnobrzeg.

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Richard C. Nash

Lt. Gen. Richard C. Nash (born 1950) was the 30th Adjutant General of the Minnesota National Guard, having been appointed to that position by the Governor of Minnesota in 2010.

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Riverine Flotilla of the Polish Navy

The Riverine Flotilla of the Polish Navy (Flotylla Rzeczna Marynarki Wojennej), better known as the Pinsk Flotilla, was the inland branch of the Polish Navy operating on the Vistula river and in the area of the Pinsk Marshes (Dnieper–Bug Canal) between the Polish–Bolshevik War and World War II.

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Robert Lamezan de Salins

Robert Lamezan de Salins (1869–1930), also known as Robert Graf von Lamezan-Salins, was a Polish Jan Rydel, W służbie cesarza i króla: generałowie i admirałowie narodowości polskiej w siłach zbrojnych Austro-Węgier w latach 1868-1918.

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Roman Abraham

Roman Abraham (1891 Lwów - 1976 Warsaw) was a Polish cavalry general, commander of Wielkopolska Cavalry Brigade during German and Soviet Invasion of Poland in September 1939, in Battle of Bzura commander of Polish cavalry (combined cavalry unit).

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Roman Dmowski

Roman Stanisław Dmowski (9 August 1864 – 2 January 1939) was a Polish politician, statesman, and co-founder and chief ideologue of the right-wing National Democracy ("ND": in Polish, "Endecja") political movement.

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Roman Jacek Czartoryski

Prince Roman Jacek Czartoryski (21 November 1898 – 24 November 1958) was a Polish noble (szlachcic).

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Roman Polko

Roman Polko (born November 8, 1962, in Tychy, Poland) is a Polish army officer, acting chief of Biuro Bezpieczeństwa Narodowego (Bureau of National Security), former commander of "JW GROM", doctor of military science studies, speciality: management.

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Roman Sanguszko

Prince Roman Adam Stanisław Sanguszko (1800–1881) was a Polish aristocrat, patriot, political and social activist.

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Roman Shukhevych

Roman-Taras Yosypovych Shukhevych (Рома́н-Тарас Йо́сипович Шухе́вич, also known by his pseudonym Taras Chuprynka, 30 June 1907 – 5 March 1950) was a Ukrainian politician, military leader and general of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA), as well as a one-time ally of Nazi Germany and one of the organizers of the Halych-Volhyn Massacre.

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Roman Umiastowski

Roman Umiastowski, who was born on January 29, 1893 in Warsaw and died on December 29, 1982 in London, has been a colonel in the Polish Army, a patriot and a bibliophile.

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Roman Zambrowski

Roman Zambrowski born Rubin Nassbau (July 15, 1909 in Warsaw – August 19, 1977 in Warsaw) was a Polish and Soviet Communist.

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Romanian occupation of Pokuttya

The Romanian occupation of Pokuttya took place in early 1919, when, as a result of alliances concluded between Romania and Poland, the former entered the southeastern corner of the former Austro-Hungarian ruled province of Galicia.

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Romuald Rajs

Romuald Rajs, nom de guerre "Bury", (30 November 1913 – 30 December 1949) was a Polish soldier, partisan and anti-communist insurgent.

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Rudolf Prich

Rudolf Prich (August 6, 1881 – 1940) (eng.) was a Polish military officer and a major general (pol. generał dywizji) of the Polish Army.

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Samochód pancerny wz. 28

Samochód pancerny wz.

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Samochód pancerny wz. 34

Samochód pancerny wz.

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Samuel Willenberg

Samuel Willenberg, nom de guerre Igo (16 February 1923 – 19 February 2016), was a Polish-Jewish prisoner and Sonderkommando at the Treblinka extermination camp who participated in its perilous prisoner revolt.

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Sławomir Petelicki

Brigadier General Sławomir Petelicki (13 September 1946 – 16 June 2012) was the first commander of the Polish special forces unit GROM from July 13, 1990, until December 19, 1995.

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Scorpion aerobatic team

Grupa Akrobacyjna Skorpion ("Scorpion" Aerobatic team) is an aerobatic demonstration team of the aviation arm of the Polish Land Forces, flying 4 Mil Mi-24 Helicopters.

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Second Army (Poland)

The Polish Second Army (Druga Armia Wojska Polskiego, 2. AWP for short) was a Polish Army unit formed in the Soviet Union in 1944 as part of the People's Army of Poland.

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Second Department of Polish General Staff

The Second Department of Polish General Staff (Polish: Oddział II Sztabu Generalnego Wojska Polskiego, also called Dwojka) was a department of the Polish General Staff in the Second Polish Republic.

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Second Polish Republic

The Second Polish Republic, commonly known as interwar Poland, refers to the country of Poland between the First and Second World Wars (1918–1939).

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Sejny

Sejny (Seinai) is a town in north-eastern Poland and the capital of Sejny County, in Podlaskie Voivodeship, close to the northern border with Lithuania and Belarus.

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Sejny Uprising

The Sejny Uprising or Seinai Revolt (Powstanie sejneńskie, Seinų sukilimas) refers to a Polish uprising against the Lithuanian authorities in August 1919 in the ethnically mixed area surrounding the town of Sejny (Lithuanian: Seinai).

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Self-Defence of Lithuania and Belarus (1918)

Self-Defence of Lithuania and Belarus (Samoobrona Litwy i Białorusi) was a voluntary military formation created during the reconstitution of sovereign Poland towards the end of World War One in the Kresy macroregion.

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Sergeant

Sergeant (abbreviated to Sgt and capitalized when used as a named person's title) is a rank in many uniformed organizations, principally military and policing forces.

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Sergiusz Piasecki

Sergiusz Piasecki (1901 in Lachowicze near Baranowicze – 1964 in Penley) - was one of the best known Polish language writers of the mid 20th century.

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Shalom Yoran

Shalom Yoran (שָׁלוֹם יוֹרָן; June 29, 1925 – September 9, 2013) was a survivor of the Holocaust and a former Jewish partisan.

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Siege of Warsaw (1939)

The Siege of Warsaw in 1939 was fought between the Polish Warsaw Army (Armia Warszawa) garrisoned and entrenched in the capital of Poland (Warsaw) and the invading German Army.

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Sieradz National Defence Brigade

Sieradz National Defence Brigade (Sieradzka Brygada Obrony Narodowej) was a reserve unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period.

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SIG SG 550

The SG 550 is an assault rifle manufactured by Swiss Arms AG (formerly a division of Schweizerische Industrie Gesellschaft now known as Sig Holding AG) in Switzerland.

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Sikorski Memorial

The Sikorski Memorial in Gibraltar commemorates the 1943 Gibraltar B-24 crash of 4 July 1943 which caused the death of General Władysław Sikorski, the commander-in-chief of the Polish Army and Prime Minister of the Polish government in exile.

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Silesian Military District

Silesian Military District (Śląski Okręg Wojskowy) was one of three military districts in Poland, the other two being the Pomeranian Military District and the Warsaw Military District.

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Silesian People's Party

The Silesian People’s Party (Ślůnsko Ludowo Partyjo, Śląska Partia Ludowa, Slezská lidová strana, Schlesische Volkspartei) was a political organization in Cieszyn Silesia that existed from 1909 to 1938 in Austrian Silesia, which later became international plebiscite territory and finally part of Czechoslovakia.

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Simcha Blass

Simcha Blass (November 27, 1897 – July 18, 1982; שמחה בלאס) was a Polish-Israeli engineer and inventor who developed the drip irrigation system with his son Yeshayahu.

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Skalité

Skalité is a village and municipality in Čadca District in the Žilina Region of northern Slovakia.

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Skarżysko-Kamienna

Skarżysko-Kamienna is a town in northern Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship in Poland by Kamienna river, to the north of Świętokrzyskie Mountains; one of the voivodship's major towns.

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Ski warfare

Ski warfare, the use of ski-equipped troops in war, is first recorded by the Danish historian Saxo Grammaticus in the 13th century.

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SLT 50 Elefant

A SLT 50-3 Elefant of the German Army, Kosovo, July 2002. The SLT 50 is a heavy duty tractor unit and tank transporter used by the German Army and Polish Army.

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Sochaczew

Sochaczew is a city in central Poland, with 38,300 inhabitants (2004).

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Sokół 1000

The Sokół 1000 (also known as CWS M111) was the heaviest Polish pre-war motorcycle manufactured by the PZInż works, for both civilian and military use by the Polish Army.

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Sokół motorcycles

Sokół (Polish: Falcon) was a brand of motorcycles manufactured in Poland before World War II for both civilian and military use.

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Soviet Armed Forces

The Soviet Armed Forces, also called the Armed Forces of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and Armed Forces of the Soviet Union (Russian: Вооружённые Силы Союза Советских Социалистических Республик Vooruzhonnyye Sily Soyuza Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik, Вооружённые Силы Советского Союза) refers to the armed forces of the Russian SFSR (1917–1922), the Soviet Union (1922–1991) and the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1912–1991) from their beginnings in the aftermath of the Russian Civil War to its dissolution on 26 December 1991.

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Soviet invasion of Poland

The Soviet invasion of Poland was a Soviet Union military operation that started without a formal declaration of war on 17 September 1939.

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Soviet westward offensive of 1918–19

The Soviet westward offensive of 1918–1919 was part of the campaign by the proto-Soviet Union into areas abandoned by the Ober Ost garrisons that were being withdrawn to Germany following that country's defeat in World War I. The initially successful offensive against the Republic of Estonia ignited the Estonian War of Independence which ended with the Soviet recognition of Estonia.

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Squadron 303 (book)

Squadron 303 (Dywizjon 303) is a non-fiction book written by Polish author Arkady Fiedler and published by Peter Davies.

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St. Casimir Church (Cleveland, Ohio)

Saint Casimir Church (Parafia św.), is a Catholic parish church in Cleveland, Ohio and part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland.

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St. Mary's Church, Grodno

St.

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Stachiewicz

Stachiewicz is a Polish surname, probably related to the Polish name of Stach or Stanislaus.

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Stalag VIII-E

Stalag VIII-E (also known as Stalag 308) was a German World War II prisoner-of-war camp located next to the village of Neuhammer, Silesia (now Świętoszów, Poland).

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Stanisław Baczyński

Stanisław Baczyński aka "Adam Kersten", "Bittner", "Akst" (27 July 1890 in Lwów – 27 July 1939 in Warsaw, Poland) was a Polish writer, literary critic, journalist, soldier of the Polish Legions and captain of the Polish Army.

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Stanisław Bułak-Bałachowicz

Stanisław Bułak-Bałachowicz (Станіслаў Булак-Балаховіч, Станисла́в Була́к-Балахо́вич; 12 November 1883 – 28 November 1940) was a notable general, military commander and veteran of World War I, Russian Civil War, Estonian War of Independence, Polish-Bolshevik War and the Invasion of Poland at the start of World War II.

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Stanisław Grzmot-Skotnicki

Stanisław Grzmot-Skotnicki (1894–1939) was a Polish military commander and a general of the Polish Army.

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Stanisław Haller

Stanisław Haller (April 26, 1872 – April 1940) was a Polish politician and general, also cousin of General Józef Haller von Hallenburg of Haller coat of arms.

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Stanisław Jerzy Rothert

Stanisław Rothert (1900-1962) was a Polish journalist and athlete.

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Stanisław Karolkiewicz

Stanisław Karolkiewicz (nom de guerre Szczęsny) (1918–2009) was born in 1918 in the Polish historical region of Podlasie.

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Stanisław Kasznica

Stanisław Józef Bronisław Kasznica (July 25, 1908 – May 12, 1948) was the last commander of the National Armed Forces (NSZ), an anti-communist, and anti-Nazi paramilitary organization, which was part of the Polish resistance movement in World War II and in the period following it.

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Stanisław Komornicki

Stanisław Komornicki (26 July 1924 – 10 April 2010) was a Brigadier General in the Polish Army and the Chancellor of the Order Virtuti Militari.

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Stanisław Kopański

General Stanisław Kopański (1895–1976) was a Polish military commander, politician, diplomat, an engineer and one of the best-educated Polish officers of the time, serving with distinction during World War II.

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Stanisław Maczek

General Stanisław Maczek (31 March 1892 – 11 December 1994) was a Polish tank commander of World War II, whose division was instrumental in the Allied liberation of France, closing the Falaise pocket, resulting in the destruction of 14 German Wehrmacht and SS divisions.

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Stanisław Mikołajczyk

Stanisław Mikołajczyk (18 July 1901 – 13 December 1966) was a Polish politician.

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Stanisław Mokronowski

Stanisław Mokronowski (1761, in Bogucin – 1821, in Warsaw) was a prominent member of the Polish landed gentry of Bogoria coat of arms.

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Stanisław Ostwind-Zuzga

Stanisław Ostwind-Zuzga (code-names “Kropidło”, “Bolesław", born 26 April 1899, died 4 February 1945 in Warsaw) – Master Sergeant of Polish Army, major of National Armed Forces (NSZ), local commandant of NSZ in Węgrów, one of the highest ranked officers of Jewish background in Polish anti-Nazi resistance during World War II.

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Stanisław Piasecki

Stanisław Piasecki (15 December 1900 – 12 June 1941) was a Polish right-wing activist, politician and journalist.

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Stanisław Skarżyński

Stanisław Jakub Skarżyński (1 May 1899 − 26 June 1942) was a lieutenant colonel in the Polish Air Force and aviator famous for his transatlantic solo flight in 1933.

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Stanisław Skwarczyński

Stanisław Skwarczyński (1888 – 1981) was a soldier of the Austro-Hungarian Army, officer of Polish Legions in World War I, and General brygady of the Polish Army.

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Stanisław Sojczyński

Stanisław Sojczyński (nom de guerre "Warszyc") (March 30, 1910 in Rzejowice – February 19, 1947 in Łódź) was a captain in the Polish Army and in the Home Army and later the creator and leader of Underground Polish Army (KWP).

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Stanisław Sosabowski

Stanisław Franciszek Sosabowski CBE (8 May 1892 – 25 September 1967) was a Polish general in World War II.

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Stanisław Swianiewicz

Stanisław Swianiewicz (November 7, 1899 – May 22, 1997) was a Polish economist and historian.

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Stanisław Szeptycki

Count Stanisław Maria Szeptycki (3 November 1867 – 9 October 1950) was a Polish count, general and military commander.

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Stanisław Tatar

Stanisław Tatar nom de guerre "Stanisław Tabor" (October 3, 1896 – December 16, 1980) was a Polish Army colonel in the interwar period and, during World War II, one of the commanders of Armia Krajowa, Polish resistance movement.

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Stanisław Witkowski

Stanisław Witkowski CBE (Hon.) (23 April 1883 – 28 August 1957), was an officer, engineer and military industry organiser in the Polish Army, Hononary Commander of the Order of the British Empire.

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Stanisław Wojciechowski

Stanisław Wojciechowski (15 March 1869 – 9 April 1953) was a Polish politician, scholar, and activist in the cooperative movement.

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Stanisławów Ghetto

Stanisławów Ghetto (getto w Stanisławowie, Ghetto Stanislau) was a Jewish World War II ghetto established in 1941 by the Schutzstaffel (SS) in the prewar Polish city of Stanisławów in the south-eastern region of Kresy (now Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine) occupied by Germany after Operation Barbarossa.

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Stanisławów Voivodeship

Stanisławów Voivodeship (Województwo stanisławowskie) was an administrative district of the interwar Poland (1920–1939).

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Stanislav Andreski

Stanisław Andrzejewski (or Stanislav Andreski) (8 May 1919, in Częstochowa – 26 September 2007, in Reading, Berkshire) was a Polish-British sociologist.

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Star 266

Star 266 is a Polish 6x6 truck designed for transport of cargo and personnel.

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Starachowice

Starachowice is a town in south-central Poland (historic Lesser Poland), with 51,532 inhabitants (31.03.2013).

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Stefan Adamczak

Stefan Adamczak (27 November 1892 – September 1939) was a Polish pole vaulter and chorąży in the Polish Army.

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Stefan Korboński

Stefan Korboński (2 March 1901 in Praszka - 23 April 1989 in Washington, D.C., USA) was a Polish agrarian politician, lawyer, journalist and a notable member of the wartime authorities of the Polish Secret State.

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Stefan Kossecki

Stefan Kossecki (1889 - 1940) was a soldier of the Imperial Russian Army, and Colonel of Infantry of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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Stefan Lech Sokołowski

Stefan Lech Sokołowski Gozdawa coat of arms (25 May 1904 in Warsaw – spring 1940 in Katyń) was a Polish mathematician, climber and porucznik of artillery in Polish Land Forces.

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Stefan Mokrzecki

Stefan Mokrzecki of Ostoja coat of arms (1862–1932) was a general in the Russian Army and the Polish Army.

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Stefan Orzechowski

Stefan Orzechowski (27 August 1904 – 13 June 2002) was a Polish military officer, a lieutenant colonel of the Polish Armed Forces.

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Stefan Pogonowski

Stefan Pogonowski (1895–1920) was a Polish professional soldier and military officer.

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Stefan Rowecki

Stefan Paweł Rowecki (pseudonym: Grot, "Spearhead", hence the alternate name, Stefan Grot-Rowecki, 25 December 1895 – 2 August 1944) was a Polish general, journalist and the leader of the Armia Krajowa.

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Stefan Strzemieński

Stefan Marian Strzemieński was a general of the Polish Army, who participated in the Polish September Campaign.

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Stefan Szlaszewski

Stefan Szlaszewski (25 May 1892–1959?) was a Polish military officer and a notable commander of mountain troops of the Polish Army in the period preceding World War II.

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Stefan Sznuk

Stefan Sznuk, OC (1896 – May 6, 1986) was a pioneering Polish aviator, as well as an Air Force Major-General and was among the first to join the new Polish Air Force in 1919.

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Stefan Tyszkiewicz

Stefan Eugeniusz Tyszkiewicz, in Polish, Stefan Eugeniusz Maria Tyszkiewicz-Łohojski z Landwarowa, Leliwa coat of arms, (born 24 November 1894 in Warsaw, died 6 February 1976 in London) was a member of the Polish nobility, landowner, engineer, inventor and an early pioneer of the Polish automotive industry.

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Stepan Fedak

Stepan Smok Fedak (1901 in Lviv – 1945 in Berlin; aka Smok, "Dragon") was a Ukrainian independence activist who, on September 25, 1921, attempted to assassinate Poland's Chief of State, Marshal Józef Piłsudski, as the latter visited Lwów (now Lviv, Ukraine) for the opening of that city's first Eastern Trade Fair.

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Stephen Báthory

Stephen Báthory (Báthory István; Stefan Batory; Steponas Batoras; 27 September 1533 – 12 December 1586) was Voivode of Transylvania (1571–76), Prince of Transylvania (1576–86), from 1576 Queen Anna Jagiellon's husband and jure uxoris King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1576-1586).

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Stokes mortar

The Stokes mortar was a British trench mortar invented by Sir Wilfred Stokes KBE that was issued to the British, Empire and U.S. armies, as well as the Portuguese Expeditionary Corps (CEP), during the later half of the First World War.

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Street names of Warsaw

Warsaw is the capital of Poland.

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Strike of the generals

The strike of the generals was a joint resignation of a group of officers of the Polish Army in October 1924.

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Stryi

Stryi (Стрий, Stryj) is a city located on the left bank of the Stryi River in Lviv Oblast (region) of western Ukraine (in the foothills of the Carpathian Mountains).

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Suwałki

Suwałki (Suvalkai, סואוואַלק) is a city in northeastern Poland with 69,210 inhabitants (2011).

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Suwałki Agreement

The Suwałki Agreement, Treaty of Suvalkai, or Suwalki Treaty (Umowa suwalska, Suvalkų sutartis) was an agreement signed in the town of Suwałki between Poland and Lithuania on October 7, 1920.

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Suwalska Cavalry Brigade

Suwalska Cavalry Brigade (Polish: Suwalska Brygada Kawalerii) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period.

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Svrčinovec

Svrčinovec is a village and municipality in Čadca District in the Žilina Region of northern Slovakia.

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Symon Petliura

Symon Vasylyovych Petliura (Си́мон Васи́льович Петлю́ра; May 10, 1879 – May 25, 1926) was a Ukrainian politician and journalist.

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Szabla wz. 34

Szabla wz.

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Szczypiorno

Szczypiorno is a municipal neighbourhood of the city of Kalisz, Poland.

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Sztafeta

Sztafeta (English: Relay Race) is a 1939 compendium of literary reportage written by Melchior Wańkowicz.

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Szymon Konarski

Szymon Konarski (1808 – 39) was a 19th-century Polish radical democratic politician and revolutionary.

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Tachanka

The tachanka (тача́нка, taczanka) was a horse-drawn machine gun, usually a cart (such as charabanc) or an open wagon with a heavy machine gun installed in the back.

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Tadeusz Anders

Tadeusz Konstanty Anders served as a captain artillery officer in the Polish Army during the Interbellum Period, and as a colonel in the Polish Armed Forces during World War II.

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Tadeusz Bór-Komorowski

General Tadeusz Komorowski (1 June 1895 – 24 August 1966), better known by the name Bór-Komorowski (after one of his wartime code-names: Bór – "The Forest") was a Polish military leader.

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Tadeusz Buk

Tadeusz Buk (15 December 1960 – 10 April 2010) was a Polish military figure.

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Tadeusz Dołęga-Mostowicz

Tadeusz Dołęga-Mostowicz (10 August 1898 – 20 September 1939) was a Polish writer, journalist and author of over a dozen popular novels.

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Tadeusz Isakowicz-Zaleski

Tadeusz Isakowicz-Zaleski (translit) is a Polish Roman Catholic and Armenian Catholic priest, author and activist.

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Tadeusz Jordan-Rozwadowski

Tadeusz Jordan-Rozwadowski (19 May 1866 – 18 October 1928) was a Polish military commander, diplomat, and politician, a general of the Austro-Hungarian Army and then the Polish Army.

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Tadeusz Kasprzycki

Tadeusz Adam Kasprzycki (16 January 1891, Warsaw – 4 December 1978, Montreal) was a member of the Polish Legions in First World War, major general of the Polish Army from 1929 and Minister of Military Affairs of Poland from 1935 to 1939.

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Tadeusz Kościuszko

Andrzej Tadeusz Bonawentura Kościuszko (Andrew Thaddeus Bonaventure Kosciuszko; February 4 or 12, 1746 – October 15, 1817) was a Polish-Lithuanian military engineer, statesman, and military leader who became a national hero in Poland, Lithuania, Belarus, and the United States.

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Tadeusz Kościuszko Land Forces Military Academy

The Tadeusz Kościuszko Land Forces Military University (Akademia Wojsk Lądowych imienia generała Tadeusza Kościuszki) is a Polish Land Forces Military University in Wrocław, Poland.

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Tadeusz Kowalski

Tadeusz Kowalski (May 31, 1894 in Lviv – April 1940 in Kharkiv) was a Polish military officer and sportsman.

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Tadeusz Kutrzeba

Tadeusz Kutrzeba (15 April 1885 – 8 January 1947) was a general of the army during the Second Polish Republic.

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Tadeusz Machalski

Tadeusz Machalski (1893–1983) was a Polish military officer and a diplomat.

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Tadeusz Münnich

Tadeusz Stefan Aleksander Münnich (nom de guerre Żegota) was a soldier of the Polish Legions in World War I, and Colonel of Infantry of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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Tadeusz Pełczyński

Tadeusz Pełczyński (codenames: Grzegorz, Adam, Wolf, Robak; Warsaw, 14 February 1892 – 3 January 1985, London) was a Polish Army major general (generał brygady), intelligence officer and chief of the General Staff's Section II (the military intelligence section).

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Tadeusz Sapierzyński

Colonel Tadeusz Sapierzyński (born 1 April 1958 in Miastko, Poland) is a Polish Army officer, former commander of the special forces unit "GROM", from 2004 until 2006.

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Tadeusz Sawicz

Tadeusz Władysław Sawicz (13 February 1914 – 19 October 2011) was a Polish World War II fighter pilot.

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Tadeusz Schaetzel

Tadeusz Schaetzel de Merxhausen (1891–1971) was a Polish Army colonel, intelligence officer, Promethean leader, diplomat and politician.

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TAI/AgustaWestland T129 ATAK

The TAI/AgustaWestland T129 ATAK is a twin-engine, tandem seat, multi-role, all-weather attack helicopter based on the Agusta A129 Mangusta platform.

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Tajemnica Westerplatte

1939 Battle of Westerplatte, originally titled in Poland as Tajemnica Westerplatte ("The Secret of Westerplatte"), is a 2013 Polish-Lithuanian war film written and directed by Paweł Chochlew.

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Tank destroyer

A tank destroyer or tank hunter is a type of armoured fighting vehicle, armed with a direct-fire artillery gun or missile launcher, with limited operational capacities and designed specifically to engage enemy tanks.

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Tank Training Centre

Polish Army Tank Training Centre- training unit of the Polish Tank Units in the Soviet Union, the Middle East and Italy.

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Tank transporter

A tank transporter is a combination of a heavy tractor unit and mating semi-trailer, typically a Lowboy (trailer), used for transporting tanks.

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Tanks of the Polish Armoured Forces

This article deals with the history and development of tanks of the Polish army from their first use after World War I, into the interwar period, during World War II, the Cold War and modern era.

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Tarnopol Voivodeship

Tarnopol Voivodeship (Województwo tarnopolskie) was an administrative region of interwar Poland (1918–1939) with an area of 16,500 km² and provincial capital in Tarnopol.

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Tarpan Honker

Honker (initially known as Tarpan Honker, also Daewoo Honker, Andoria Honker and Intrall Honker 4x4) - is a Polish multi-purpose all-terrain pick-up truck.

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Task Force White Eagle

Task Force White Eagle (in Polish referred as Polskie Siły Zadaniowe (Polish Task Force)) is a brigade sized detachment of Polish Land Forces in Ghazni Province, Afghanistan.

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Temporary capital of Lithuania

The temporary capital of Lithuania (Laikinoji sostinė) was the official designation of the city of Kaunas in Lithuania during the interwar period.

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Teodor Parnicki

Teodor Parnicki (1908–1988) was a Polish writer, notable for his historical novels.

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Territorial Defence Force (Poland)

The Territorial Defence Force - TDF (Wojska Obrony Terytorialnej – WOT) is a Polish force made up of professional and part-time volunteer soldiers, forming part of the country's defence and deterrence system.

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Territorial evolution of Poland

Poland (Polska) is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north.

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Thankerton

Thankerton is a small village in South Lanarkshire, Scotland, United Kingdom.

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The Razor's Edge

The Razor's Edge is a novel by W. Somerset Maugham.

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The Red Poppies on Monte Cassino

Czerwone maki na Monte Cassino (The Red Poppies on Monte Cassino) is one of the best-known Polish military songs of World War II.

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The War That Came Early

The War That Came Early is a six-volume alternate history series by Harry Turtledove, in which World War II begins in 1938 over Czechoslovakia.

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Timeline of Polish science and technology

Education has been of prime interest to Poland's rulers since the early 12th century.

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Tomasz Wawrzecki

Tomasz Wawrzecki (1753–1816) was a distinguished Polish politician and military commander, a general of the Polish Army.

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Tracey Ullman

Tracey Ullman (born 30 December 1959) is an English actress, comedian, singer, dancer, screenwriter, producer, director, author, and businesswoman.

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Treblinka extermination camp

Treblinka was an extermination camp, built and operated by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland during World War II.

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Treblinka, Masovian Voivodeship

Treblinka is a village located in eastern Poland with 350 inhabitants.

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Trial of the Generals

The Trial of the Generals (proces generałów) was a totalitarian show trial organized by the communist authorities of Poland between July 31 and August 31, 1951.

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Tuvia Bielski

Tuvia Bielski (May 8, 1906 – June 12, 1987) was the leader of the Bielski group, Jewish partisans who set up a camp for Jews fleeing the Holocaust during World War II.

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Ujazdów Castle

Ujazdów Castle (Zamek Ujazdowski) is a castle in the historic Ujazdów district, between Ujazdów Park (Park Ujazdowski) and the Royal Baths Park (Łazienki Królewskie), in Warsaw, Poland.

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UKM-2000

The Zakłady Mechaniczne "Tarnów" UKM-2000 is a 7.62×51mm NATO general-purpose machine gun designed in Tarnów, Poland.

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Ulas Samchuk

Ulas Samchuk (Улас Олексійович Самчук) (20 February 1905 Derman (now in Rivne Oblast) - 9 July 1987 Toronto, Ontario, Canada) was a Ukrainian writer, publicist and journalist.

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Ulyanovsk

Ulyanovsk is a city and the administrative center of Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Volga River east of Moscow.

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University of Gdańsk

The University of Gdańsk (Uniwersytet Gdański) is a public research university located in Gdańsk, Poland.

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USS Princess Matoika

USS Princess Matoika (ID-2290) was a transport ship for the United States Navy during World War I. Before the war, she was a that sailed as SS Kiautschou for the Hamburg America Line and as SS Princess Alice (sometimes spelled Prinzess Alice) for North German Lloyd.

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Vadim Yakovlev

Vadim Yakovlev was a Russian Cossack cavalry commander, in the rank of yesaul.

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Vasily Korzh

Vasily (Vasil) Zakharovich Korzh (Васіль Захаравіч Корж, Василий Захарович Корж; 13 January 18995 May 1967), also known under the Soviet partisan nom de guerre "Komarov", was a Belarusian communist activist and Soviet World War II hero.

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Veli bek Jedigar

Veli bek Jedigar (1897 - 1971) was a soldier of the Imperial Russian Army and officer of both the Azerbaijani Armed Forces, Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic and the Home Army.

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Vera Maslovskaya

Vera Maslovskaya (Вера Ігнатаўна Маслоўская, –23 January 1981) was a Belarusian teacher, poet and nationalist, who worked for an independent Belarus in the interwar period.

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Vickers Tank Periscope MK.IV

The Gundlach Periscope, usually known under its British designation as Vickers Tank Periscope MK.IV, was a revolutionary invention by Polish engineer Rudolf Gundlach, manufactured for Polish 7TP tanks since end of 1935 and patented in 1936 as Gundlach Peryskop obrotowy.

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Viktor Lomidze

Viktor Lomidze, also known by his Polish name of Wiktor Łomidze-Wachtang, was a Georgian-Polish military officer.

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Vilija (company)

Vilija (Vilniaus ūkiškųjų mašinų fabriko bendrovė „Vilija“) was a manufacturing company based in Vilnius.

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Vilna offensive

The Vilna offensive was a campaign of the Polish–Soviet War of 1919–1921.

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Vilnius

Vilnius (see also other names) is the capital of Lithuania and its largest city, with a population of 574,221.

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Vilnius County

Vilnius County (Vilniaus apskritis) is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius.

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Vilnius Region

Vilnius Region (Vilniaus kraštas, Wileńszczyzna, Віленшчына, also formerly known in English: as Wilno Region or Vilna Region) is the territory in the present-day Lithuania and Belarus that was originally inhabited by ethnic Baltic tribes and was a part of Lithuania proper, but came under East Slavic and Polish cultural influences over time.

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Virtuti Militari

The War Order of Virtuti Militari (Latin: "For Military Virtue", Polish: Order Wojenny Virtuti Militari) is Poland's highest military decoration for heroism and courage in the face of the enemy at war.

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Vistula Land

Vistula Land or Vistula Country (Привислинский край, Privislinsky krai; Kraj Nadwiślański) was the name applied to the former lands of Congress Poland from the 1880s, following the defeats of the November Uprising (1830–31) and January Uprising (1863-1864) as it was increasingly stripped of autonomy and incorporated into Imperial Russia.

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Vladimir Dragomirov

Vladimir Mikhailovich Dragomirov (1862–1920) was a general in Imperial Russian Army.

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Vladimir Lenin

Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, better known by the alias Lenin (22 April 1870According to the new style calendar (modern Gregorian), Lenin was born on 22 April 1870. According to the old style (Old Julian) calendar used in the Russian Empire at the time, it was 10 April 1870. Russia converted from the old to the new style calendar in 1918, under Lenin's administration. – 21 January 1924), was a Russian communist revolutionary, politician and political theorist.

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Volhynia (film)

Volhynia (Polish: Wołyń) is a 2016 Polish drama film directed by Wojciech Smarzowski.

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Volochysk

Volochysk (Волочиськ, וואָלאָטשיסק) is a small city located on the left bank of the Zbruch River in Khmelnytskyi Oblast (province) of western Ukraine.

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Voluntary Legion of Women

Voluntary Legion of Women (Ochotnicza Legia Kobiet (OLK)) was a voluntary Polish paramilitary organization, created by women in Lviv in late 1918.

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Volunteer Army (Poland)

The Volunteer Army (Armia Ochotnicza) was a military formation of the Polish Army, created at the height of the Polish–Soviet War.

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Vynnyky

Vynnyky (Ви́нники) is a city in Lviv Oblast (region) of Ukraine.

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Wacław Iwaszkiewicz-Rudoszański

Wacław Iwaszkiewicz-Rudoszański (26 August 1871 – 25 November 1922) was a Polish general.

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Wacław Jędrzejewicz

General Wacław Jędrzejewicz (29 January 1893 – 30 November 1993) was a Polish Army officer, diplomat, politician and historian, and subsequently an American college professor.

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Wacław Kopisto

Major Wacław Kopisto a.k.a. Wacław Jaworski, nom de guerre Kra (8 February 1911 – 23 February 1993) was an officer of the Polish Army in interwar Poland, infantry captain, and an underground soldier of the elite Polish Cichociemni unit (the Silent Unseen) during the occupation of Poland in World War II.

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Wacław Kostek-Biernacki

Wacław Kostek-Biernacki (1882–1957) was a Polish interwar politician and a popular fantasy writer (pen name Brunon Kostecki) Collection of short stories and novellas.

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Wacław Kuchar

Wacław Michał Kuchar (16 September 1897 in Łańcut – 13 February 1981 in Warsaw) was a Polish sports champion, olympian, and multiple soccer, track and field and speed skating champion of the country.

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Wacław Lipiński

Wacław Lipiński (1896–1949) was a Polish historian, military officer and resistance fighter, lieutenant colonel in the Polish Army of the Second Polish Republic, recipient of Polish highest military decoration, the Order of Virtuti Militari.

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Wacław Piekarski

Wacław Piekarski (1893-1979) was a Polish military officer and a general (generał brygady) of the Polish Army.

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Wacław Przeździecki

Wacław Jan Przeździecki (July 15 1883-29 June 1964) was a Polish military commander and Brigadier General of the Polish Army.

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Wacław Scaevola-Wieczorkiewicz

Wacław Scaevola-Wieczorkiewicz was a General brygady of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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Wacław Stachiewicz

Wacław Teofil Stachiewicz (19 November 1894 – 12 November 1973) was a Polish writer, geologist, military commander and a general of the Polish Army.

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Wacław Tokarz

Wacław Tokarz (1873-1937) was a Polish historian and military officer.

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Waldemar Skrzypczak

Waldemar Skrzypczak (born 19 January 1956 in Szczecin) is a Polish general.

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Walenty Kłyszejko

Walenty Kłyszejko (Estonian: Valentin Klõšeiko, Russian: Валентин Клышейко) (2 December 1909 in Saint Petersburg, Russia – 20 August 1987 in Warsawa) was an Estonian–Polish basketball player and later a coach, as well as a professor at the Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw.

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Walerian Czuma

Walerian Czuma (24 December 1890 – 7 April 1962) was a Polish general and military commander.

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Walter John Raymond

Walter John Raymond (February 24, 1930 - October 14, 2007) was an American publisher, professor of political science, and chairman of Saint Paul's College's Department of Social Sciences until he retired in 1986.

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Walter Natynczyk

Walter John "Walt" Natynczyk, is a retired Canadian Army general who has served as Deputy Minister of Veterans Affairs since 2014.

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Wanda Gertz

Major Wanda Gertz (13 April 1896 – 10 November 1958) was a Polish woman of noble birth, who began her military career in the Polish Legion during World War I, dressed as a man, under the pseudonym of "Kazimierz 'Kazik' Zuchowicz".

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War crimes in occupied Poland during World War II

It's estimated that over six million Polish citizens,Project in Posterum, Retrieved 20 September 2013.

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Warsaw Armoured Motorized Brigade

The Warsaw Armoured Motorized Brigade (Warszawska Brygada Pancerno-Motorowa, WBP-M, WBPanc-Mot) was a motorized unit of the Polish Army during the interbellum period.

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Warsaw Citadel

Warsaw Citadel (Polish: Cytadela Warszawska) is a 19th-century fortress in Warsaw, Poland.

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Warsaw concentration camp

The Warsaw concentration camp (Konzentrationslager Warschau, short KL or KZ Warschau) was an associated group of the German Nazi concentration camps, including an extermination camp, located in German-occupied Warsaw, capital city of Poland.

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Warsaw Uprising (1794)

The Warsaw Uprising of 1794 or Warsaw Insurrection (insurekcja warszawska) was an armed insurrection by the people of Warsaw early in the Kościuszko Uprising.

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Wawel Kraków

Wawel Kraków is a Polish multisports club based in Kraków, Poland.

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Wawer massacre

The Wawer massacre refers to the execution of 107 Polish civilians on the night of 26 to 27 December 1939 by the Nazi German occupiers of Wawer (near Warsaw), Poland.

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Władysław Anders

Władysław Albert Anders (11 August 1892 – 12 May 1970) was a general in the Polish Army and later in life a politician and prominent member of the Polish government-in-exile in London.

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Władysław Bończa-Uzdowski

Wladyslaw Boncza-Uzdowski (August 23, 1887 – March 21, 1957) was a General brygady of the Polish Army and sports activist, general manager of the Polish Football Association.

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Władysław Bortnowski

Władysław Bortnowski (November 12, 1891, Radom – November 21, 1966 Glen Cove, New York) was a Polish historian, military commander and one of the highest ranking generals of the Polish Army.

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Władysław Daniłowski

Władysław Daniłowski (also known by his pseudonyms Władysław Dan and Walter Dana, April 26, 1902 - March 4, 2000) was a Polish and American pianist, composer and singer.

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Władysław Dobrowolski

Władysław Dobrowolski (2 January 1896 – 25 February 1969) was a Polish fencer and athlete, Major of the Polish Army in the defence of Warsaw, imprisoned during World War II.

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Władysław Filipkowski

Władysław Filipkowski (noms de guerre Cis and Janka; May 1, 1892–April 17, 1950) was a Polish military commander and a professional officer of the Polish Army.

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Władysław Galica

Władysław Galica (born September 20, 1900 in Chicago – September 7, 1943 in Warsaw, Poland) was a Polish Army Colonel.

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Władysław Grydziuszko

Sergeant Władysław Grydziuszko (1910–1946) was a soldier in the Polish Army during World War II.

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Władysław Kiełbasa

Władysław Kiełbasa (born December 31, 1893 in Nowy Sącz – September 2, 1939 in Mikołów) was a Lieutenant Colonel (Podpułkownik) of the Polish Army.

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Władysław Koba

Wladyslaw Antoni Koba (noms de guerre Marcin Gruda, Rak, Tor, Zyla) was a soldier of the Polish Army, Home Army and Freedom and Independence, who participated in the Polish September Campaign, in the activities of the Polish resistance movement in World War II as well as the Anti-communist resistance in Poland.

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Władysław Kochański

Władysław Kochański Władysław Kochański (noms de guerre "Bomba" and "Wujek", born 7 November 1918 in Stanisławów and died 12 December 1980 at Cracow) was an infantry captain in the Polish Army during World War II.

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Władysław Kozaczuk

Władysław Kozaczuk (23 December 1923 – 26 September 2003) was a Polish Army colonel and a military and intelligence historian.

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Władysław Marian Jakowicki

Władysław Maria Jakowicki (1885 – ca.1940/1942) was a Polish soldier, physician and an academic.

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Władysław Pobóg-Malinowski

Władysław Pobóg-Malinowski (1899–1962) was a Polish soldier, historian and journalist.

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Władysław Rubin

Władysław Rubin (20 September 1917 – 28 November 1990) was a Polish Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Prefect of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches from 1980 to 1985, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1979.

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Władysław Segda

Władysław Hipolit Segda (23 May 1895 – 1994) was a Polish fencer and military officer.

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Władysław Sikorski

Władysław Eugeniusz Sikorski (20 May 1881 – 4 July 1943) was a Polish military and political leader.

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Władysław Sikorski's death controversy

Władysław Sikorski's death controversy revolves around the death of the commander-in-chief of the Polish Army and Prime Minister of the Polish government in exile, General Władysław Sikorski, in the 1943 B-24 crash in Gibraltar.

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Władysław Wejtko

Władysław Wejtko (1859-1933) was an Imperial Russian Army general of Polish descent.

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Włodzimierz Godłowski

â Włodzimierz Józef Godłowski (7 October 1900 - April/May 1940) was a Polish neurologist and psychologist.

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Włodzimierz Kolanowski

Włodzimierz Adam Kolanowski (11 August 1913 – 31 March 1944) was a Polish Vickers Wellington bomber “Observer and Captain” flying from England when he was taken prisoner during the Second World War.

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Włodzimierz Steyer

Kontradmirał Włodzimierz Steyer (July 15, 1892 – September 15, 1957) was a Polish naval officer before and during the Second World War.

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Włodzimierz Zagórski (general)

Włodzimierz Zagórski of the Clan of Ostoja (born January 21, 1882 in Saint-Martin-Lantosque, France – disappeared August 6, 1927 en route from Wilno to Warsaw) was an Austro-Hungary military intelligence soldier, Polish brigadier general, staff officer, and aviator.

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WB Electronics Warmate

WB Electronics Warmate is a micro loitering munition developed by Polish company WB Electronics.

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Wesoła Lwowska Fala

Wesoła Lwowska Fala (Polish for Lwów's Merry Wave) was a weekly radio program of the Polish Radio Lwow, broadcast every Sunday by the Polish Radio.

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Westerplatte

Westerplatte is a peninsula in Gdańsk, Poland, located on the Baltic Sea coast mouth of the Dead Vistula (one of the Vistula delta estuaries), in the Gdańsk harbour channel.

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Wielkopolska Cavalry Brigade

Wielkopolska Cavalry Brigade (Polish: Wielkopolska Brygada Kawalerii) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period.

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Wiesław Domaniewski

Wiesław Domaniewski (January 2, 1896 – October 29, 1992) was a Polish businessman, financial adviser and economist, as well as one of the founders of the association Polish Veterans of World War II.

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Wiktor Thommée

Wiktor Thommée (1881–1962) was a Polish military commander and a brigadier general of the Polish Army.

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Wiktor Tomir Drymmer

Wiktor Tomir Drymmer (1896–1975) was a Polish Army colonel and intelligence officer.

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Wileńska Cavalry Brigade

Wilenska Cavalry Brigade (Wileńska Brygada Kawalerii) was a unit of the Polish Army, created on 1 April 1937 out of the 3rd Independent Cavalry Brigade.

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Wilhelm Orlik-Rückemann

Wilhelm Orlik-Rückemann (1894–1986) was a Polish general, military commander and one of the pioneers of armoured warfare in Poland.

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William Ungar

William Ungar (January 21, 1913 – September 19, 2013) was Polish-born American author, philanthropist, Holocaust survivor, and founder of the National Envelope Corporation.

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Wincenty Kowalski

Wincenty Kowalski (1892–1984) was a Polish military commander and a general of the Polish Army.

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Witold Dzierżykraj-Morawski

Witold Dzierżykraj-Morawski (1895—1944) was a Polish military commander, diplomat and a Colonel of the Polish Army.

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Witold Hulewicz

Witold Hulewicz (1895–1941) was a Polish poet, literary critic, translator and publisher.

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Witold Małcużyński

Witold Małcużyński (August 10, 1914July 17, 1977) was a distinguished Polish pianist who specialized in the works of Frédéric Chopin.

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Witold Pilecki

Witold Pilecki (13 May 190125 May 1948;; codenames Roman Jezierski, Tomasz Serafiński, Druh, Witold) was a Polish cavalryman and intelligence officer.

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WKS Grodno

Wojskowy Klub Sportowy Grodno (WKS Grodno) was a Polish football team, located in Grodno, Poland (now Belarus), on the historic territory of Kresy Wschodnie (Polish Eastern Borderlands).

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Wladyslaw Jedrzejewski

Wladyslaw Jedrzejewski (11 February 1863 - 1940) was a General of the Polish Army, who was probably murdered by the NKVD in Lwow, in March 1940.

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Wołyńska Cavalry Brigade

The Volhynian Cavalry Brigade (Wołyńska Brygada Kawalerii) was a Polish cavalry brigade, which saw action against the invading Germans during the Invasion of Poland, a part of World War II.

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Wojciech Kossak

Wojciech Kossak (Paris, France, 31 December 1856 – 29 July 1942, Kraków, Poland) was a noted Polish painter and member of the celebrated Kossak family of artists and writers.

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Wojciech Najsarek

Wojciech Najsarek (April 22, 1900 – September 1, 1939) was a Polish soldier and a worker of the Polish State Railways.

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Wojtek (bear)

Wojtek (1942–1963;; in English, sometimes spelled Voytek and so pronounced) was a Syrian brown bear purchased, as a young cub, at a railway station in Hamadan, Iran, by Polish II Corps soldiers who had been evacuated from the Soviet Union.

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Women's Auxiliary Service (Poland)

The Women's Auxiliary Service (WAS) (Pomocnicza Służba Kobiet (PSK), Pestki) was a unit of Polish Armed Forces during World War II established in 1941 by initiative of Lt. Gen. Władysław Anders, while creating Polish Armed Forces in the East.

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WR-40 Langusta

WR-40 Langusta is a Polish self-propelled multiple rocket launcher developed by Centrum Produkcji Wojskowej HSW SA.

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Wrzesień żagwiący

Wrzesień żagwiący (English: Scorching September) is a 1947 book of literary reportage written by the Polish historian and political journalist Melchior Wańkowicz.

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Wyższa Szkoła Wojenna

Wyższa Szkoła Wojenna (English: War College—literally, "Higher War School") was the most important Polish military academy in the period between the World Wars.

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Wz. 35 anti-tank rifle

Karabin przeciwpancerny wzór 35 (abbreviated "kb ppanc wz. 35"; "rifle antitank model 35"), also UR, was a Polish 7.9 mm anti-tank rifle used by the Polish Army during the Invasion of Poland of 1939.

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WZT

WZT (Wóz Zabezpieczenia Technicznego – armoured recovery vehicle) was a Polish post-World War II armoured recovery vehicle series.

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Yavoriv

Yavoriv (Яворів, Jaworów, יאַוואָראָוו Yavorov) is a city located in Lviv Oblast (region) of western Ukraine near the Polish border.

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Yazlovets

Yazlovets (Язловець; Jazłowiec; Yablunovka.; Yazlivits; Yazlovitz) is a village in the Buchach Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine and a Roman Catholic pilgrimage center of local significance.

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Yehoshua Cohen

Yehoshua Cohen on the left, with David Tovyahu Yehoshua Cohen (Hebrew: יהושע כהן; June 22, 1922 – August 8, 1986) was a leading member of Lehi, a Zionist militant group, who fired the fatal shots in the assassination of United Nations envoy Folke Bernadotte on September 17, 1948.

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Yertsevo

Yertsevo (Ерцево) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Konoshsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located west of Lake Vozhe.

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Zakaria Bakradze

Zakaria (Shakro) Bakradze (ზაქარია (შაქრო) ბაქრაძე, Zachariasz Bakradze) (22 October 1868, Tbilisi – December 3, 1938) was a Polish-Georgian military officer and the General of both the Polish Army and the Georgian Army.

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Zamarstyniv

Zamarstyniv (Замарстинів, Zamarstynów) is one of the boroughs of the city of Lviv in western Ukraine.

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Zamoyski Family Fee Tail

The Zamoyski Family Fee Tail (Polish: Ordynacja Zamojska) was one of the first and largest fee tails in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

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Zarzewie

Organisation of Independent Youth Zarzewie was a clandestine Polish youth organization, formed in May 1909 in Lemberg, Austrian Galicia.

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Zawisza Bydgoszcz

Zawisza Bydgoszcz is a sports club from Bydgoszcz, Poland, founded in 1946.

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Zawrat

Zawrat (also known as PZInż. 153) was a Polish bus brand produced by the Państwowe Zakłady Inżynieryjne (PZInż) holding between 1936 and 1937 for the city of Warsaw.

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Zbigniew Ścibor-Rylski

Zbigniew Ścibor-Rylski (Ostoja coat of arms), also known under the pseudonyms Motyl and Stanislaw (born March 10, 1917), is a former Polish aviator, soldier, and participant of the Warsaw Uprising of World War II.

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Zbigniew Burzyński

Zbigniew Burzyński (31 March 1902 in Zhovkva, Żółkiew near Lwów – 30 December 1971 in Warsaw), was a Polish balloonist and constructor of balloons, pioneer of Polish balloons, who twice won the Gordon Bennett Cup in ballooning, also beat the world record.

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Zdzisław Lubomirski

Prince Zdzisław Lubomirski (1865–1943) was a Polish aristocrat, landowner, lawyer, a conservative politician and social activist.

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Zefiryn Machalla

Zefiryn Machalla (August 1, 1915 – January 10, 1952), was a major of the Polish Army and participant of the Polish September Campaign.

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Zenon Jankowski

Zenon Jankowski (born November 22, 1937 in Poznań, Poland) is a retired Polish pilot, colonel of the Polish Army and cosmonaut.

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Zofia Leśniowska

Lt.

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Zolochiv

Zolochiv (Золочів, Złoczów, זלאָטשאָוו, Zlotchov) is a small city of district significance in Lviv Oblast of Ukraine, the administrative center of Zolochiv Raion.

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Zygmunt Bauman

Zygmunt Bauman (19 November 1925 – 9 January 2017) was a Polish sociologist and philosopher.

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Zygmunt Berling

Zygmunt Henryk Berling (27 April 1896 – 11 July 1980) was a Polish general and politician.

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Zygmunt Kiszkurno

Zygmunt Kiszkurno (6 January 192124 August 2012) was a Polish sport shooter who competed in the men's trap event at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, where he finished 15th in a field of 32 competitors.

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Zygmunt Podhorski

Zygmunt Podhorski (nom de guerre Zaza) was General brygady of the Polish Army.

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Zygmunt Rumel

Zygmunt Jan Rumel (22 February 1915 – 10 July 1943) was a Polish poet and, during World War II, underground officer of the Bataliony Chłopskie partisans in the Wolhynia Region of the Second Polish Republic.

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Zygmunt Szendzielarz

Zygmunt Szendzielarz (12 March 1910 – 8 February 1951) was the commander of the Polish 5th Wilno Brigade of the Home Army (Armia Krajowa), nom de guerre "Zagończyk" or "Łupaszka".

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Zygmunt Zaleski

Zygmunt Zaleski of Lubicz coat of arms (29 September 1882 in Klonowiec near the Kielce, Poland – 15 December 1967 in Paris, France), pseudonymes R. de Bron, R. Debron, was a Polish literature historian, literary critic, poet, publicist, translator.

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Zygmunt Zintel

Zygmunt Zintel (2 April 1911, Warsaw – 30 September 1990, Łódź) was a Polish theater, film, and television, actor, and teacher.

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10th Armoured Cavalry Brigade (Poland)

The Polish 10th Armoured Cavalry Brigade (Polish 10 Brygada Kawalerii Pancernej, French 10e Brigade de cavalerie blindée polonaise) was an armoured formation of the Polish Armed Forces in the West.

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10th Cavalry Brigade

10th Cavalry Brigade may refer to.

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10th Infantry Division (Poland)

10th Infantry Division (10. Dywizja Piechoty) was a unit of the Polish Army during the interbellum period, which took part in the 1939 German Invasion of Poland.

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10th Infantry Regiment (Poland)

10th Infantry Regiment (Polish language: 10 Pulk Piechoty, 10 pp) was an infantry regiment of the Polish Army.

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10th Lithuanian Uhlan Regiment

10th Lithuanian Uhlan Regiment (Polish language: 10. Pulk Ulanow Litewskich, 10 p. ul.) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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10TP

The 10TP was a Polish light cruiser tank that never left the prototype status.

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111th Fighter Escadrille (Poland)

The 111th Fighter Escadrille of the Polish Air Force (111.) was one of the fighter units of the Polish Army.

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11th Armoured Cavalry Division

The 11th "Lubuska" Armoured Cavalry Division (11 Lubuska Dywizja Kawalerii Pancernej) is an armoured division of the Polish Land Forces, which traces its history to the formation of the 11th Infantry Division of the Polish Armed Forces in the East in 1945.

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11th Infantry Division (Poland)

The 11th Carpathian Infantry Division (Polish 11 Karpacka Dywizja Piechoty), was a tactical unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period, which fought in the Invasion of Poland in 1939.

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11th Infantry Regiment (Poland)

11th Infantry Regiment (Polish language: 11 Pulk Piechoty, 11 pp) was an infantry regiment of the Polish Army.

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11th Legions Uhlan Regiment

11th Legions Infantry Regiment of Marshal Edward Smigly-Rydz (Polish language: 11 Pulk Ulanów Legionowych im. Marszalka Edwarda Smiglego-Rydza, 11 p.ul.) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army, which existed in 1918 - 1939.

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122 mm gun M1931/37 (A-19)

122 mm corps gun M1931/37 (A-19) (122-мм корпусная пушка обр.) was a Soviet field gun developed in late 1930s by combining the barrel of the 122 mm gun M1931 (A-19) and the carriage of the 152 mm howitzer-gun M1937 (ML-20).

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12th Infantry Division (Poland)

Polish 12th Kresy Infantry Division (Polish: 12 Kresowa Dywizja Piechoty), was a tactical unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period, which was stationed in Tarnopol.

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12th Infantry Regiment (Poland)

12th Infantry Regiment (Polish language: 12 Pulk Piechoty, 12 pp) was an infantry regiment of the Polish Army.

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12th Podolian Uhlan Regiment

12th Podolian Uhlan Regiment (Polish language: 12 Pulk Ulanów Podolskich, 12 p. ul) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army.

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13th Infantry Division (Poland)

13th Kresy Infantry Division (Polish: 13 Kresowa Dywizja Piechoty) was a unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period.

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13th Wilno Uhlan Regiment

The 13th Wilno Uhlan Regiment (13 Pułk Ułanów Wileńskich) was a unit of the Polish army between World War I and World War II.

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14th Infantry Division (Poland)

14 Greater Poland Infantry Division (Polish: 14 Wielkopolska Dywizja Piechoty) was a unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period, which took part in the Polish September Campaign.

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14th Jazlowiec Uhlan Regiment

14th Jazlowiec Uhlan Regiment (Polish language: 14 Pulk Ulanów Jazlowieckich, 14 p.ul.) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic, also a unit of Polish Armed Forces in the West and the Home Army.

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14th Kujavian Infantry Regiment

14th Infantry Regiment of the Land of Kujawy (Polish language: 14 Pulk Piechoty Ziemi Kujawskiej, 14 pp) was an infantry regiment of the Polish Army.

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14TP

The 14TP was a Polish medium cruiser tank that was never completed due to the onset of World War II.

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15th Infantry Division (Poland)

15th "Greater Poland" Infantry Division (Polish: 15 Wielkopolska Dywizja Piechoty) was a unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period.

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15th Wolves Infantry Regiment (Poland)

15th Wolves Infantry Regiment (Polish language: 15 Pulk Piechoty Wilkow, 15 pp) was an infantry regiment of the Polish Army.

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16th Greater Poland Uhlan Regiment

16th Greater Poland Uhlan Regiment of General Gustaw Orlicz-Dreszer (Polish language: 16 Pulk Ulanow Wielkopolskich im. gen. dyw. Gustawa Orlicz-Dreszera, 16 p.ul.) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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16th Infantry Division (Poland)

The 16th Pomeranian Infantry Division (16.) is a military unit of the Polish Army.

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16th Land of Tarnow Infantry Regiment

16th Infantry Regiment of the Land of Tarnow (Polish language: 16 Pulk Piechoty Ziemi Tarnowskiej, 16 pp) was an infantry regiment of the Polish Army.

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17th Greater Poland Uhlan Regiment

17th Greater Poland Uhlan Regiment of King Boleslaw Chrobry (Polish: 17 Pulk Ulanów Wielkopolskich im. Krola Boleslawa Chrobrego, 17 p.ul.) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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17th Infantry Division (Poland)

17 Greater Poland Infantry Division was a unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period.

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17th Infantry Regiment (Poland)

17th Infantry Regiment (Polish language: 17 Pulk Piechoty, 17 pp) was an infantry regiment of the Polish Army.

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18th Infantry Division (Poland)

The 18th Infantry Division (18. Dywizja Piechoty) was a unit of the Polish Army during the interbellum period, which took part in the Polish September Campaign.

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18th Infantry Regiment (Poland)

18th Infantry Regiment (Polish language: 18 Pulk Piechoty, 18 pp) was an infantry regiment of the Polish Army.

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18th Pomeranian Uhlan Regiment

18th Pomeranian Uhlan Regiment (Polish language: 18 Pulk Ulanów Pomorskich, 18 p.ul.) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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18th Reconnaissance Regiment

18th Reconnaissance Regiment (18 Pułk Rozpoznawczy) is a unit of the Polish Land Forces and is based in Białystok.

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1919 Polish coup attempt

The Polish Coup of early January 1919 was an unsuccessful coup d'etat in Poland.

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1923 Kraków riot

The 1923 Kraków riot was a violent riot that took place during a strike on 6 November 1923 in Kraków, Poland.

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1937 peasant strike in Poland

1937 peasant strike in Poland, also known in some Polish sources as the Great Peasant Uprising (Wielki Strajk Chłopski) was a mass strike and demonstration of peasants organized by the People's Party and aimed at the ruling sanacja government.

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1938 in Poland

On May 15, 1936, president of Poland Ignacy Mościcki designed the government under prime minister Felicjan Sławoj Składkowski.

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1939 in aviation

This is a list of aviation-related events from 1939.

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1939 in Poland

On September 30, 1939, the last government of the Second Polish Republic which resided in Warsaw was dissolved.

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1939 Poland v Hungary football match

The Last Game, as it is known in Poland, was played on Sunday, 27 August 1939, at the Wojska Polskiego Stadium in Warsaw.

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1943 Gibraltar B-24 crash

The 1943 Gibraltar B-24 crash resulted in the death of an estimated sixteen people, including general Władysław Sikorski, the commander-in-chief of the Polish Army and the Prime Minister of the Polish government-in-exile.

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1971 Łódź strikes

On February 10, 1971, textile workers in the central Polish city of Łódź (known as the "Manchester of Poland") began a strike action, in which the majority of participants were women.

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1981 in Poland

No description.

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1988 Polish strikes

The 1988 Polish strikes were a massive wave of workers' strikes which broke out in 1988 in the Polish People's Republic.

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19th Relief of Lwow Infantry Regiment

19th Relief of Lwów Infantry Regiment (Polish: 19 Pulk Piechoty Odsieczy Lwowa, 19 pp) was an infantry regiment of the Polish Army.

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19th Volhynian Uhlan Regiment

19th Volhynian Uhlan Regiment (Polish language: 19. Pulk Ulanów Wolynskich, 19 p.ul.) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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1st Cavalry Division (Poland)

The Polish 1st Cavalry Division (Polish: 1 Dywizja Jazdy, later 1 Dywizja Kawalerii) was a tactical unit of the Polish Army between the World Wars.

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1st Krechowce Uhlan Regiment

The First Krechowce Uhlan Regiment was a mounted unit of the Polish Army, active in the Second Polish Republic.

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1st Legions Infantry Division (Poland)

Polish 1st Legions Infantry Division (1. Dywizja Piechoty Legionów) was a tactical unit of the Polish Army between the World Wars.

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1st Lithuanian–Belarusian Division

The 1st Lithuanian–Belarusian Division (1., 1.DL-B; 1-ая Літоўска-Беларуская дывізія; 1-oji Lietuvos-Baltarusijos divizija) was a volunteer unit of the Polish Army formed around December 1918 and January 1919 during the Polish–Soviet War.

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1st Mechanised Division (Poland)

The 1st "Warsaw" Mechanised Division (1 Warszawska Dywizja Zmechanizowana) was a mechanized infantry formation of the Polish Land Forces that existed from 1955 until September 1, 2011.

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1st Mountain Brigade (Poland)

1st Mountain Brigade (1. Brygada Górska) was a unit of the Polish Army during the interbellum period, which took part in the Polish September Campaign.

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2010 Moscow Victory Day Parade

The Moscow Victory Day Parade of 2010 was held on 9 May 2010 to commemorate the 65th anniversary of the capitulation of Nazi Germany in 1945.

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2010 Polish Air Force Tu-154 crash

On 10 April 2010, a Tupolev Tu-154 aircraft of the Polish Air Force crashed near the city of Smolensk, Russia, killing all 96 people on board.

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20th Infantry Division (Poland)

20th Infantry Division (20.) was a unit of the Polish Army during the interbellum period, which took part in the Polish September Campaign.

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20th Land of Krakow Infantry Regiment

20th Land of Krakow Infantry Regiment (Polish language: 20 Pulk Piechoty Ziemi Krakowskiej, 20 pp) was an infantry regiment of the Polish Army.

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20th Uhlan Regiment of King Jan III Sobieski

20th Uhlan Regiment of King Jan III Sobieski (Polish: 20 Pulk Ulanów im. Krola Jana III Sobieskiego, 20 p.ul.) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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21st Mountain Infantry Division (Poland)

The 21st Mountain Infantry Division (21 DPG) was a pre-war unit of the Polish Army.

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21st Vistula Uhlan Regiment

21st Vistula Uhlan Regiment (Polish: 21 Pulk Ulanów Nadwislanskich, 21 p.ul.) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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22nd Carpathian Uhlan Regiment

22nd Carpathian Uhlan Regiment (Polish: 22 Pulk Ulanow Podkarpackich, 22 p.ul.) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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22nd Mountain Infantry Division (Poland)

The 22nd Mountain Infantry Division (22 DPG) was a pre-war unit of the Polish Army.

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23rd Grodno Uhlan Regiment

23rd Grodno Uhlan Regiment (Polish: 23 Pulk Ulanow Grodzienskich, 23 p.ul.) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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23rd Infantry Division (Poland)

The 23rd Upper Silesian Infantry Division (Polish: 23. Gornoslaska Dywizja Piechoty) was a unit of the Polish Army in the interwar period (1921-1939).

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24th Infantry Division (Poland)

Polish 24th Infantry Division (24.) was a unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period, which took part in the Polish September Campaign.

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25th Greater Poland Uhlan Regiment

25th Greater Poland Uhlan Regiment (Polish: 25 Pulk Ulanów Wielkopolskich, 25 p.ul.) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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25th Infantry Division (Poland)

The 25th Infantry Division (Polish: 25 Dywizja Piechoty) was a unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period, created in 1921 with headquarters in Kalisz.

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26th Greater Poland Uhlan Regiment

26th Greater Poland Uhlan Regiment of Hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz (Polish: 26 Pulk Ulanow Wielkopolskich, im. Hetmana Jana Karola Chodkiewicza, 26 p.ul.) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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26th Infantry Division (Poland)

The Polish 26th Infantry Division (26 Dywizja Piechoty) was a unit of the Polish Army.

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27th Infantry Division (Poland)

The 27 Infantry Division (Polish: 27 Dywizja Piechoty), was a unit of the Polish Army in the inter-war period.

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28th Infantry Division (Poland)

The 28 Dywizja Piechoty was a Polish Army infantry division which saw action against the invading Germans during the Invasion of Poland of World War II.

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29th Infantry Division (Poland)

29th Grodno Infantry Division (Polish: 29 Grodzienska Dywizja Piechoty) was a unit of the Polish Army during the interbellum period.

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2nd Grochow Uhlan Regiment

The 2nd Grochow Uhlan Regiment of General Jozef Dwernicki (2 Pulk Ulanow Grochowskich im.) was a cavalry regiment of Polish I Corps in Russia, Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic, and the Home Army during Operation Tempest (1944).

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2nd Legions Home Army Infantry Division

The 2nd Legions Home Army Infantry Division “Pogon” (Polish: 2 Dywizja Piechoty Legionow AK "Pogon", 2 DP Leg. AK) was a unit of the Polish Home Army (AK), created in 1944 in the Home Army District Radom - Kielce.

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2nd Legions Infantry Division (Poland)

Polish 2nd Legions Infantry Division (2. Dywizja Piechoty Legionów) was a tactical unit of the Polish Army between the World Wars.

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2nd Legions' Infantry Regiment

The 2nd Legions' Infantry Regiment (2., 2ppLeg) was a Polish military unit active between 1914 and 1944.

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2nd Mechanised Corps (Poland)

The 2nd Mechanized Corps of Lieutenant General Władysław Anders (2 Korpus Zmechanizowany imienia generała broni Władysława Andersa) was a corps-level formation of the Polish Army.

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2nd Mountain Brigade (Poland)

2nd Mountain Brigade (2. Brygada Gorska) was a unit of the Polish Army, which took part in the Polish September Campaign.

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2nd Rifle Division (Poland)

The 2nd Rifle Division (2 Dywizja Strzelców Pieszych, 2e Division des Chasseurs or 2e Division d'Infanterie Polonaise) was a Polish Army unit, part of the recreated Polish Army in France in 1940.

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2S1 Gvozdika

The 2S1 Gvozdika (2С1 «Гвоздика», "Carnation") is a Soviet self-propelled howitzer based on the MT-LB APC chassis, mounting a 122 mm 2A18 howitzer.

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30th Infantry Division (Poland)

The 30th Polesie Infantry Division (30. Poleska Dywizja Piechoty), was a unit of the Polish Army in the inter-war period.

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32nd Armoured Reconnaissance Group

32nd Armoured Reconnaissance Group (pl: 32 Dywizjon Pancerny) - Polish reconnaissance unit in the Polish September Campaign.

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33rd Infantry Division (Poland)

The 33rd Infantry Division was a reserve infantry division of the Polish Army in the final days of the Second Polish Republic.

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35th Infantry Division (Poland)

35th Infantry Division (Polish: 35. Dywizja Piechoty) was a reserve unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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36th Infantry Division (Poland)

The 36th Reserve Infantry Division (36 Rezerwowa Dywizja Piechoty) was a unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period, which took part in the Polish September Campaign.

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36th Infantry Regiment (Poland)

The 36th Infantry Regiment of the Academic Legion (Polish 36 pułk piechoty Legii Akademickiej, 36pp) was a Polish military unit.

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38th Infantry Division (Poland)

The 38th Infantry Division (Reserve) was a unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period (see: Second Polish Republic).

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39th Infantry Division (Poland)

The Polish 39th Infantry Division was a reserve unit of the Polish Army, which took part in the Polish September Campaign.

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3rd Legions Infantry Division (Poland)

Polish 3rd Legions Infantry Division (3. Dywizja Piechoty Legionów) was a tactical unit of the Polish Army between the World Wars.

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3rd Legions' Infantry Regiment

Third Legions Infantry Regiment (Polish language: 3. Pulk Piechoty Legionów; 3 pp Leg.) was an infantry unit of Polish Legions in World War I, Polish Army and the Home Army.

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3rd Mountain Brigade (Poland)

3rd Mountain Brigade (3. Brygada Gorska) was a unit of the Polish Army, which took part in the Polish September Campaign in 1939.

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3rd Silesian Uhlan Regiment

Third Silesian Uhlan Regiment (Polish language: 3 Pulk Ulanów Slaskich, 3 pul) was a cavalry regiment of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic and armoured regiment of the Polish Armed Forces in the West.

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41st Infantry Division (Poland)

The 41st (Reserve) Infantry Division (41.) was a tactical unit of the Polish Army during the early stages of World War II.

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44th Infantry Division (Poland)

The Polish 44th Reserve Infantry Division was a reserve unit of the Polish Army, which took part in the Polish September Campaign.

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49th Hutsul Rifle Regiment

The 49th Hutsul Rifle Regiment was a unit of the Polish Army, which belonged to the 11th Carpathian Infantry Division (Army Kraków).

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4th Cavalry Brigade (Poland)

The IV Cavalry Brigade (Polish IV Brygada Kawalerii) was a unit of the Polish Army during the Polish-Bolshevik War and later in the inter-war period.

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4th Infantry Division (Poland)

The Polish 4th Infantry Division (Polish: 4. Dywizja Piechoty) was created following Polish independence after the end of World War I. The division participated in the Polish-Ukrainian War in 1919.

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4th Legions' Infantry Regiment

Fourth Legions Infantry Regiment (Poland) (Polish: 4 Pulk Piechoty Legionow, 4 pp Leg.) was an infantry regiment of the Polish Legions in World War I (1915–1917) and the Polish Army in 1918–1939.

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4th Niemen Uhlan Regiment

4th Niemen Uhlan Regiment (Polish language: 4 Pulk Ulanów Zaniemenskich, 4 pul.) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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52nd Rifle Division

The 52nd Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War, the interwar period, World War II, and the Cold War, formed once during the Russian Civil War and three times during the existence of the Soviet Union.

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55th Infantry Division (Poland)

The 55th Infantry Division (Polish: 55. Dywizja Piechoty) was a reserve unit of the Polish Army during the interbellum period, which took part in the Polish September Campaign.

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5th Infantry Division (Poland)

5th Lwów Infantry Division (Polish: 5 Lwowska Dywizja Piechoty) was a unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period, with headquarters stationed in Lwów.

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5th Legions' Infantry Regiment

5th Legions Infantry Regiment of Józef Piłsudski (Polish: 5 Pulk Piechoty Legionow Jozefa Pilsudskiego, 4 pp Leg.) was an infantry regiment of the Polish Army in 1918–1939.

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5th Podhale Rifles Infantry Regiment

The 46th Infantry Regiment (46 Pułk Strzelców Kresowych, 4e Régiment d'Infanterie Polonaise), later the 5th Podhale Rifles Infantry Regiment (5 Pułk Strzelców Podhalańskich) was a military unit of the Polish Army active during the Polish-Bolshevist War of 1920.

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5th Rifle Division (Poland)

Polish 5th Siberian Rifle Division (5.; also known as the Siberian Division and Siberian Brigade) was a Polish military unit formed in 1919 in Russia during World War I. The division fought during the Polish-Bolshevik War, but as it was attached to the White Russian formations, it is considered to have fought more in the Russian Civil War.

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5th Zaslaw Uhlan Regiment

5th Zaslaw Uhlan Regiment (Polish language: 5 Pulk Ulanow Zaslawskich, 5 p.ul.) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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60th Infantry Division (Poland)

Polish 60th Infantry Division was an infantry division of the Polish Army, which fought in the September 1939 Invasion of Poland.

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6th Infantry Division (Poland)

Polish 6th Infantry Division (6.) was a unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period, which fought in the Polish–Ukrainian War, Polish–Soviet War and Polish September Campaign.

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6th Kaniow Uhlan Regiment

6th Kaniow Uhlan Regiment (Polish language: 5 Pulk Ulanów Kaniowskich, 6 p.ul.) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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6th Legions' Infantry Regiment

6th Legions Infantry Regiment of Józef Piłsudski (Polish: 6 Pulk Piechoty Legionow Jozefa Pilsudskiego, 6 pp Leg.) was an infantry regiment of the Polish Legions and the Polish Army.

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74th Infantry Regiment (Poland)

The 74 Infantry Regiment (Polish 74 pułk piechoty) was a Polish military unit.

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7th Coastal Defense Brigade

The Polish 7th Pomeranian Coastal Defence Brigade is a mechanized infantry brigade of the Polish Land Forces (based at Słupsk).

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7th Infantry Division (Poland)

The 7th Infantry Division (7 DP) was the name of several units of the Polish Army.

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7th Legions' Infantry Regiment

7th Legions Infantry Regiment (Polish language: 7 Pulk Piechoty Legionow, 7 pp Leg.) was an infantry regiment of the Polish Army.

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7th Lublin Uhlan Regiment

7th Lublin Uhlan Regiment of General Kazimierz Sosnkowski (Polish language: 7 Pulk Ulanow Lubelskich im. gen. Kazimierza Sosnkowskiego, 7 p.ul.) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic and in the Polish Armed Forces in the West.

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7TP

The 7TP (siedmiotonowy polski - 7-tonne Polish) was a Polish light tank of the Second World War.

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85 mm divisional gun D-44

The 85-mm divisional gun D-44 (85-мм дивизионная пушка Д-44) was a Soviet divisional 85-mm calibre field artillery gun used in the last action of World War II.

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8th Infantry Division (Poland)

The 8th Infantry Division was a tactical unit of the Polish Army.

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8th Legions' Infantry Regiment

8th Legions Infantry Regiment (Polish: 8 Pulk Piechoty Legionow, 8 pp Leg.) was an infantry regiment of the Polish Army.

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8th Uhlan Regiment of Duke Jozef Poniatowski

8th Uhlan Regiment of Prince Jozef Poniatowski (Polish language: 8 Pulk Ulanow Ksiecia Jozefa Poniatowskiego, 8 p. ul.) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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9th Infantry Division (Poland)

The 9th Infantry Division (9 Dywizja Piechoty) was a unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic.

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9th Legions' Infantry Regiment

9th Legions Infantry Regiment (Polish: 9 Pulk Piechoty Legionow, 9 pp Leg.) was an infantry regiment of the Polish Army.

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9th Lesser Poland Uhlan Regiment

The 9th Lesser Poland Uhlan Regiment (Polish language: 9 Pulk Ulanow Malopolskich) was a cavalry regiment of the Polish Army, formed on November 21, 1918.

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9th Panzer Division (Wehrmacht)

The 9th Panzer Division was a panzer division of the Wehrmacht Army during World War II.

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Redirects here:

Army of Poland, Land Forces of Poland, Polish Army, Wojska Ladowe.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_Land_Forces