Proper noun

A proper noun is a noun that in its primary application refers to a unique entity, such as London, Jupiter, Sarah, or Microsoft, as distinguished from a common noun, which usually refers to a class of entities (city, planet, person, corporation), or non-unique instances of a specific class (a city, another planet, these persons, our corporation). ^[1]

346 relations: -ana, ABC Chinese–English Dictionary, Abelian group, Acronym, Adobe Photoshop, American and British English spelling differences, American Sign Language, Anabhitra, Anomic aphasia, Antoine Isaac Silvestre de Sacy, Arabic nouns and adjectives, Archetypal name, Ares, Argentina, Artemis, Artemisia I of Caria, Article (grammar), Article spinning, Asparukh (name), Auslan, Ñ, Bacterial taxonomy, Bahrain, Baka (Japanese word), Bare nouns, Basque grammar, Belly button (disambiguation), Berber calendar, Bergensk, Binding (linguistics), Binomial nomenclature, Black Country, Blindness (novel), Book of Malachi, Bornova, Bulgarian grammar, Bulgarian language, Bulgarian lexis, Bulgarian nouns, Bulgarian phonology, Capitalization, Capitalization in English, Capitalization of "Internet", Capitonym, Catamite, Causal theory of reference, Charon, Chemical element, Chicano, Chinese language, ..., Christian churches and churches of Christ, Classical compass winds, Classification (literature), Collective noun, Colombo, Colon (punctuation), Commerce, California, Common name, Common name (disambiguation), Comparison of Portuguese and Spanish, Concept and object, Concorde, Controlled Oral Word Association Test, Crepitus (mythology), Crimean Gothic, Crossword, Cupid, Cyclopaedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature, Czech language, Da share z0ne, Dai-ichi, Date and time notation in Spain, Dùn Beic, De la Gauchetière Street, Declension of Greek nouns in Latin, Department for Children, Schools and Families, Devota, Die Gattung Nepenthes, Divinity, Dream speech, Dura, Hebron, E (Cyrillic), East Turkestan, Empty category, Empty name, English articles, English Braille, English language, English orthography, English plurals, English terms with diacritical marks, Entity–relationship model, Epicenity, Eponym, Ernst Litfaß, Esperanto, Esperanto phonology, Estonian language, Estonian orthography, Etail Conferences, Exercises in Style, Feilong, Fenrir, Finland in the Eurovision Song Contest 2014, Finnish heraldry, Finnish orthography, Fjord, Frege's puzzles, French articles and determiners, From an Abandoned Work, Gender in Danish and Swedish, German grammar, German language, German nouns, German orthography, Gh (digraph), Gillnetting, Glossary of spirituality terms, Goblin, Gottlob Frege, Grammatical number, Greeks, Hangman (game), Hanif, Hardy (surname), Helong language, Hesperus, Highland (council area), Himiko, Historia de Sancto Cuthberto, History of the Spanish language, Homeland, Homeric Greek, Horizon (archaeology), House, Hungarian orthography, Hunnic language, Hyphen, I before E except after C, IJ (digraph), Index of philosophy articles (I–Q), Individualism, Institutional review board, International System of Units, Internet, Introduction to the metric system, ISO/IEC 8859-15, Itza’ language, Jackaroo (trainee), Jacket (disambiguation), Jet Ski, Johan David Åkerblad, Jotto, Julienning, Kaladont, Kalaw Lagaw Ya, Kamatero, Keith Donnellan, Kenshi, Khazars, Kirk, Kirtu, Kui (Chinese mythology), La Brabançonne, Laigh Kirk, Latinisation of names, Letter case, Leviathan in popular culture, Li'o language, Life of Homer (Pseudo-Herodotus), Ligures, Likho, Link grammar, List of biblical names, List of ecclesiastical abbreviations, List of English words containing Q not followed by U, List of English–Spanish interlingual homographs, List of glossing abbreviations, List of Latin-script pentagraphs, List of Oz characters, List of The Demonata characters, List of the longest English words with one syllable, List of words ending in ology, Lithuanian name, Lojban grammar, Longest word in English, Longest words, Longgu language, Lorelei, Lucifer, Lusus, Lympha, Macedonia naming dispute, Mais où est donc Ornicar ?, Makedon (mythology), Malachi, Mangshi, Manually coded English, Martuthunira language, Masada, Mavea language, Máni, Merchant navy, Meribah, Merriam-Webster, Metaphorical language, Metric system, Metrotown, Burnaby, Milengrad, Mitică, Mizo grammar, Mob (gaming), Moby Project, Modern English, Modthryth, Moel Famau, Monkeys in Japanese culture, Morphemization, Mortlockese language, Multigraph (orthography), Name, Names of God, Names of the Basque Country (in Spanish), Naming and Necessity, National Education Union, Nayden Gerov, Nebojša Tower, Nepenthaceae (1908 monograph), Nepenthes rajah, New Life Version, Nihongo Daijiten, Ninde language, Nomenclature, Non-rigid designator, North Moluccan Malay, Onomastics, Ophel, Optical character recognition, Orange (word), Oslo., Ottos mops, P. 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-ana

-ana (more frequently -iana) is a suffix of Latin origin, used in English to convert nouns, usually proper names, into mass nouns, as in Shakespeareana or Dickensiana, items or stories related to William Shakespeare or Charles Dickens, respectively.

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ABC Chinese–English Dictionary

The ABC Chinese–English Dictionary or ABC Dictionary (1996), compiled under the chief editorship of John DeFrancis, is the first Chinese dictionary to collate entries in single-sort alphabetical order of pinyin romanization, and a landmark in the history of Chinese lexicography.

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Abelian group

In abstract algebra, an abelian group, also called a commutative group, is a group in which the result of applying the group operation to two group elements does not depend on the order in which they are written.

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Acronym

An acronym is a word or name formed as an abbreviation from the initial components in a phrase or a word, usually individual letters (as in NATO or laser) and sometimes syllables (as in Benelux).

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Adobe Photoshop

Adobe Photoshop is a raster graphics editor developed and published by Adobe Systems for macOS and Windows.

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American and British English spelling differences

Many of the differences between American and British English date back to a time when spelling standards had not yet developed.

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American Sign Language

American Sign Language (ASL) is a natural language that serves as the predominant sign language of Deaf communities in the United States and most of Anglophone Canada.

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Anabhitra

Anabhitra is a proper name of;.

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Anomic aphasia

Anomic aphasia (also known as dysnomia, nominal aphasia, and amnesic aphasia) is a mild, fluent type of aphasia where an individual has word retrieval failures and cannot express the words they want to say (particularly nouns and verbs).

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Antoine Isaac Silvestre de Sacy

Antoine Isaac, Baron Silvestre de Sacy (21 September 175821 February 1838), was a French nobleman, linguist and orientalist.

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Arabic nouns and adjectives

Arabic nouns and adjectives are declined according to case, state, gender and number.

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Archetypal name

Archetypal names are proper names of real, mythological, or fictional characters that have become designations for archetypes of certain personal traits.

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Ares

Ares (Ἄρης, Áres) is the Greek god of war.

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Argentina

Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic (República Argentina), is a federal republic located mostly in the southern half of South America.

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Artemis

Artemis (Ἄρτεμις Artemis) was one of the most widely venerated of the Ancient Greek deities.

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Artemisia I of Caria

Artemisia I of Caria (Ἀρτεμισία; fl. 480 BCE) was a Greek queen of the ancient Greek city-state of Halicarnassus and of the nearby islands of Kos, Nisyros and Kalymnos,Enc.

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Article (grammar)

An article (with the linguistic glossing abbreviation) is a word that is used with a noun (as a standalone word or a prefix or suffix) to specify grammatical definiteness of the noun, and in some languages extending to volume or numerical scope.

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Article spinning

Article spinning is a specific writing technique used in search engine optimization (SEO) and in other applications.

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Asparukh (name)

Asparukh is a Middle Iranian male name, attested in ancient Georgia and early medieval Bulgaria.

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Auslan

Auslan is the sign language of the Australian Deaf community.

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Ñ

Ñ (lower case ñ, eñe, Phonetic Alphabet: "énye") is a letter of the modern Latin alphabet, formed by placing a tilde (called a virgulilla in Spanish) on top of an upper- or lowercase N. It became part of the Spanish alphabet in the eighteenth century when it was first formally defined, but it is also used in other languages such as Galician, Asturian, the Aragonese Grafía de Uesca, Basque, Chavacano, Filipino, Chamorro, Guarani, Quechua, Mapudungun, Mandinka, and Tetum alphabets, as well as in Latin transliteration of Tocharian and Sanskrit, where it represents.

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Bacterial taxonomy

Bacterial taxonomy is the taxonomy, i.e. the rank-based classification, of bacteria.

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Bahrain

Bahrain (البحرين), officially the Kingdom of Bahrain (مملكة البحرين), is an Arab constitutional monarchy in the Persian Gulf.

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Baka (Japanese word)

Baka (馬鹿, ばか, or バカ) means "fool; idiot", or (as an adjectival noun) "foolish" and is the most frequently used pejorative term in the Japanese language.

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Bare nouns

A bare noun, is a noun that is used without a surface determiner or quantifier.

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Basque grammar

This article provides a grammar sketch of the Basque language, the language of the Basque people of the Basque Country or Euskal Herria, which borders the Bay of Biscay in Western Europe.

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Belly button (disambiguation)

Belly button (or "bellybutton") is a colloquial term for the navel; as a proper noun, it may refer to.

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Berber calendar

The Berber calendar is the agricultural calendar traditionally used by Berbers.

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Bergensk

Bergensk or Bergen dialect is a dialect of Norwegian used in Bergen, Norway.

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Binding (linguistics)

In linguistics, binding is the distribution of anaphoric elements (pronouns and other pro-forms).

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Binomial nomenclature

Binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system") also called nomenclature ("two-name naming system") or binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages.

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Black Country

The Black Country is a region of the West Midlands in England, west of Birmingham, and commonly refers to all or part of the four Metropolitan Boroughs of Dudley, Sandwell, Walsall and Wolverhampton.

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Blindness (novel)

Blindness (Ensaio sobre a cegueira, meaning Essay on Blindness) is a novel by Portuguese author José Saramago.

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Book of Malachi

Malachi (or Malachias; מַלְאָכִי, Malʾaḫi, Mál'akhî) is the last book of the Neviim contained in the Tanakh, the last of the Twelve Minor Prophets (canonically) and the final book of the Neviim.

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Bornova

Bornova is a metropolitan district of İzmir in İzmir Province in Turkey.

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Bulgarian grammar

Bulgarian grammar is the grammar of the Bulgarian language.

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Bulgarian language

No description.

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Bulgarian lexis

The lexis of Bulgarian, a South Slavic language, consists of native words, as well as borrowings from Russian, French, and to a lesser extent English, Greek, Ottoman Turkish, Arabic and other languages.

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Bulgarian nouns

Bulgarian nouns have the categories grammatical gender, number, case (only vocative) and definiteness.

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Bulgarian phonology

This article discusses the phonological system of Standard Bulgarian.

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Capitalization

Capitalisation, or capitalization,see spelling differences is writing a word with its first letter as a capital letter (upper-case letter) and the remaining letters in lower case in writing systems with a case distinction.

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Capitalization in English

Capitalization or capitalisation in English grammar is the use of a capital letter at the head of a word.

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Capitalization of "Internet"

Since the widespread deployment of the Internet protocol suite in the 1980s, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), the Internet Society, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), the W3C, and others have consistently spelled the name of the worldwide network, the Internet, with an initial capital letter and treated it as a proper noun in the English language; the Oxford English Dictionary notes that the global network is usually "the Internet", and most of the historical sources it cites use the capitalized form (in one case "the DARPA internet").

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Capitonym

A capitonym is a word that changes its meaning (and sometimes pronunciation) when it is capitalized; the capitalization usually applies due to one form being a proper noun or eponym.

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Catamite

In ancient Greece and Rome, a catamite (Latin catamitus) was a pubescent boy who was the intimate companion of a young man, usually in a pederastic relationship – in the broadest sense.

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Causal theory of reference

A causal theory of reference is a theory of how terms acquire specific referents based on evidence.

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Charon

In Greek mythology, Charon or Kharon (Greek Χάρων) is the ferryman of Hades who carries souls of the newly deceased across the rivers Styx and Acheron that divided the world of the living from the world of the dead.

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Chemical element

A chemical element is a species of atoms having the same number of protons in their atomic nuclei (that is, the same atomic number, or Z).

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Chicano

Chicano or Chicana (also spelled Xicano or Xicana) is a chosen identity of some Mexican Americans in the United States.

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Chinese language

Chinese is a group of related, but in many cases mutually unintelligible, language varieties, forming a branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family.

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Christian churches and churches of Christ

The group of Christians known as the Christian Churches or Churches of Christ are congregations within the Restoration Movement, aka the Stone-Campbell Movement and the Reformation of the 19th Century, that have no formal denominational affiliation with other congregations, but still share many characteristics of belief and worship.

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Classical compass winds

In the ancient Mediterranean world, the classical compass winds were names for the points of geographic direction and orientation, in association with the winds as conceived of by the ancient Greeks and Romans.

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Classification (literature)

Classification is a figure of speech linking a proper noun to a common noun using the or other articles.

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Collective noun

In linguistics, a collective noun refers to a collection of things taken as a whole.

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Colombo

Colombo (translit,; translit) is the commercial capital and largest city of Sri Lanka.

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Colon (punctuation)

The colon is a punctuation mark consisting of two equally sized dots centered on the same vertical line.

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Commerce, California

Commerce is a city located in southeast Los Angeles County, California, United States.

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Common name

In biology, a common name of a taxon or organism (also known as a vernacular name, English name, colloquial name, trivial name, trivial epithet, country name, popular name, or farmer's name) is a name that is based on the normal language of everyday life; this kind of name is often contrasted with the scientific name for the same organism, which is Latinized.

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Common name (disambiguation)

A common name, in the nomenclature of Biology, is a name of a taxon or organism based on the normal language of everyday life.

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Comparison of Portuguese and Spanish

Portuguese and Spanish, although closely related sister languages, differ in many details of their phonology, grammar, and lexicon.

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Concept and object

In the philosophy of language, the distinction between concept and object is attributable to the German philosopher Gottlob Frege.

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Concorde

The Aérospatiale/BAC Concorde is a British-French turbojet-powered supersonic passenger airliner that was operated from 1976 until 2003.

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Controlled Oral Word Association Test

Controlled Oral Word Association Test, abbreviated COWA or COWAT, is a verbal fluency test that measures spontaneous production of words belonging to the same category or beginning with some designated letter.

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Crepitus (mythology)

Crepitus is an alleged Roman god of flatulence.

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Crimean Gothic

Crimean Gothic was a Gothic dialect spoken by the Crimean Goths in some isolated locations in Crimea until the late 18th century.

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Crossword

A crossword is a word puzzle that usually takes the form of a square or a rectangular grid of white-and black-shaded squares.

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Cupid

In classical mythology, Cupid (Latin Cupīdō, meaning "desire") is the god of desire, erotic love, attraction and affection.

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Cyclopaedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature

The Cyclopædia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature is a reference work of ten volumes and two supplements published in the 19th century, co-authored by John McClintock, academic and minister, and Dr.

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Czech language

Czech (čeština), historically also Bohemian (lingua Bohemica in Latin), is a West Slavic language of the Czech–Slovak group.

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Da share z0ne

@dasharez0ne (also known as da share z0ne, Da motha fuckin share z0ne, DSZ, and other variations) is a comedic social media account on Twitter and Facebook.

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Dai-ichi

(第一), is a compound modifier phrase of Japanese origin, meaning number one, or first.

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Date and time notation in Spain

In Spain, the date order is day, month, year despite separators, Roman numerals for the month part and/or length for the year part.

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Dùn Beic

Dùn Beic is a dun located on the Inner Hebridean island of Coll.

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De la Gauchetière Street

De la Gauchetiere Street (officially in rue De La Gauchetière) is a street in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, running through downtown Montreal, the International District and Chinatown.

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Declension of Greek nouns in Latin

The declension of nouns in Latin that are borrowed from Greek varies significantly between different types of nouns, though certain patterns are common.

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Department for Children, Schools and Families

Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF; stylised as all lowercase) was a department of the UK government, between 2007 and 2010, responsible for issues affecting people in England up to the age of 19, including child protection and education.

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Devota

Saint Devota (Sainte Dévote; died ca. 303 AD) is the patron saint of Corsica and Monaco.

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Die Gattung Nepenthes

"Die Gattung Nepenthes: Eine monographische Skizze" (lit. "The genus Nepenthes: A monographic sketch") is a German-language monograph by Günther Beck von Mannagetta und Lerchenau on the tropical pitcher plants of the genus Nepenthes.

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Divinity

In religion, divinity or godhead is the state of things that are believed to come from a supernatural power or deity, such as a god, supreme being, creator deity, or spirits, and are therefore regarded as sacred and holy.

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Dream speech

Dream speech (in German Traumsprache) is internal speech in which errors occur during a dream.

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Dura, Hebron

Dura (دورا) is a Palestinian city located eleven kilometers southwest of Hebron in the Hebron Governorate in the southern West Bank.

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E (Cyrillic)

E (Э э; italics:; also known as backwards e, from Russian э оборо́тное, e oborótnoye) is a letter found in two Slavic languages: Russian and Belarusian.

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East Turkestan

East Turkestan (Uyghur: شەرقىي تۈركىستان, Шәрқий Түркистан, Shərqiy Türkistan) also known as Eastern Turkistan, Uyghurstan, Uyghuristan is a political term with multiple meanings depending on context and usage.

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Empty category

In linguistics, in the study of syntax, an empty category is a nominal element that does not have any phonological content and is therefore unpronounced.

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Empty name

In the philosophy of language, an empty name is a proper name that has no referent.

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English articles

Articles in the English language are the definite article the and the indefinite articles a and an.

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English Braille

English Braille, also known as Grade 2 Braille, is the braille alphabet used for English.

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English language

English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval England and is now a global lingua franca.

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English orthography

English orthography is the system of writing conventions used to represent spoken English in written form that allows readers to connect spelling to sound to meaning.

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English plurals

English nouns are inflected for grammatical number, meaning that if they are of the countable type, they generally have different forms for singular and plural.

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English terms with diacritical marks

Some English language terms have letters with diacritical marks.

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Entity–relationship model

An entity–relationship model (ER model for short) describes interrelated things of interest in a specific domain of knowledge.

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Epicenity

Epicenity is the lack of gender distinction, often specifically the loss of masculinity.

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Eponym

An eponym is a person, place, or thing after whom or after which something is named, or believed to be named.

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Ernst Litfaß

Ernst Amandus Theodor Litfaß (or Litfass;; 11 February 1816 – 27 December 1874) was a German printer and publisher.

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Esperanto

Esperanto (or; Esperanto) is a constructed international auxiliary language.

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Esperanto phonology

Esperanto is a constructed international auxiliary language.

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Estonian language

Estonian (eesti keel) is the official language of Estonia, spoken natively by about 1.1 million people: 922,000 people in Estonia and 160,000 outside Estonia.

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Estonian orthography

Estonian orthography is the system used for writing the Estonian language and is based on the Latin alphabet.

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Etail Conferences

eTail Conferences is a series of annual business conferences held globally for senior level e-commerce professionals.

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Exercises in Style

Exercises in Style (Exercices de style), written by Raymond Queneau, is a collection of 99 retellings of the same story, each in a different style.

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Feilong

Feilong (lit. "flying dragon") is a winged legendary creature that flies among clouds in Chinese mythology.

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Fenrir

Fenrir (Old Norse: "fen-dweller")Orchard (1997:42).

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Finland in the Eurovision Song Contest 2014

Finland participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2014 in Copenhagen, Denmark.

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Finnish heraldry

Finnish heraldry has a common past with Swedish heraldry until 1809 and it belongs to German heraldric tradition.

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Finnish orthography

Finnish orthography is based on the Latin script, and uses an alphabet derived from the Swedish alphabet, officially comprising 29 letters.

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Fjord

Geologically, a fjord or fiord is a long, narrow inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created by a glacier.

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Frege's puzzles

Frege's puzzles are puzzles about the semantics of proper names, although related puzzles also arise in the case of indexicals.

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French articles and determiners

In French, articles and determiners are required on almost every common noun, much more so than in English.

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From an Abandoned Work

From An Abandoned Work, a "meditation for radio"The Faber Companion to Samuel Beckett, p 213 by Samuel Beckett, was first broadcast on BBC Radio 3’s Third Programme on Saturday, 14 December 1957 together with a selection from the novel Molloy.

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Gender in Danish and Swedish

In standard Danish and Swedish, nouns have two grammatical genders, and pronouns have the same two grammatical genders in addition to two natural genders similar to English.

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German grammar

German grammar is the set of structural rules of the German language, which in many respects is quite similar to that of the other Germanic languages.

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German language

German (Deutsch) is a West Germanic language that is mainly spoken in Central Europe.

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German nouns

German nouns have a grammatical gender, as in many related Indo-European languages.

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German orthography

German orthography is the orthography used in writing the German language, which is largely phonemic.

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Gh (digraph)

Gh is a digraph found in many languages.

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Gillnetting

Gillnetting is a common fishing method used by commercial and artisanal fishermen of all the oceans and in some freshwater and estuary areas.

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Glossary of spirituality terms

This is a glossary of spirituality-related terms.

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Goblin

A goblin is a monstrous creature from European folklore, first attested in stories from the Middle Ages.

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Gottlob Frege

Friedrich Ludwig Gottlob Frege (8 November 1848 – 26 July 1925) was a German philosopher, logician, and mathematician.

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Grammatical number

In linguistics, grammatical number is a grammatical category of nouns, pronouns, and adjective and verb agreement that expresses count distinctions (such as "one", "two", or "three or more").

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Greeks

The Greeks or Hellenes (Έλληνες, Éllines) are an ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Albania, Italy, Turkey, Egypt and, to a lesser extent, other countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. They also form a significant diaspora, with Greek communities established around the world.. Greek colonies and communities have been historically established on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea, but the Greek people have always been centered on the Aegean and Ionian seas, where the Greek language has been spoken since the Bronze Age.. Until the early 20th century, Greeks were distributed between the Greek peninsula, the western coast of Asia Minor, the Black Sea coast, Cappadocia in central Anatolia, Egypt, the Balkans, Cyprus, and Constantinople. Many of these regions coincided to a large extent with the borders of the Byzantine Empire of the late 11th century and the Eastern Mediterranean areas of ancient Greek colonization. The cultural centers of the Greeks have included Athens, Thessalonica, Alexandria, Smyrna, and Constantinople at various periods. Most ethnic Greeks live nowadays within the borders of the modern Greek state and Cyprus. The Greek genocide and population exchange between Greece and Turkey nearly ended the three millennia-old Greek presence in Asia Minor. Other longstanding Greek populations can be found from southern Italy to the Caucasus and southern Russia and Ukraine and in the Greek diaspora communities in a number of other countries. Today, most Greeks are officially registered as members of the Greek Orthodox Church.CIA World Factbook on Greece: Greek Orthodox 98%, Greek Muslim 1.3%, other 0.7%. Greeks have greatly influenced and contributed to culture, arts, exploration, literature, philosophy, politics, architecture, music, mathematics, science and technology, business, cuisine, and sports, both historically and contemporarily.

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Hangman (game)

Hangman is a paper and pencil guessing game for two or more players.

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Hanif

Ḥanīf (حنيف,; plural: حنفاء) meaning "revert" refers to one who, according to Islamic belief, maintained the pure monotheism of the patriarch Abraham.

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Hardy (surname)

Hardy is an English and a French surname of Old French origin.

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Helong language

Helong (alternate names Helon, Kupang and Semau) is a Central Malayo-Polynesian language of West Timor.

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Hesperus

In Greek mythology, Hesperus (Ἓσπερος Hesperos) is the Evening Star, the planet Venus in the evening.

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Highland (council area)

Highland (A' Ghàidhealtachd;, Heilan) is a council area in the Scottish Highlands and is the largest local government area in the United Kingdom.

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Himiko

was a shamaness-queen of Yamataikoku in Wa (ancient Japan).

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Historia de Sancto Cuthberto

The Historia de Sancto Cuthberto ("History of St Cuthbert") is a historical compilation finished some time after 1031.

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History of the Spanish language

The language known today as Spanish is derived from a dialect of spoken Latin that evolved in the north-central part of the Iberian Peninsula after the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the fifth century.

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Homeland

A homeland (country of origin and native land) is the concept of the place (cultural geography) with which an ethnic group holds a long history and a deep cultural association – the country in which a particular national identity began.

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Homeric Greek

Homeric Greek is the form of the Greek language that was used by Homer in the Iliad and Odyssey and in the Homeric Hymns.

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Horizon (archaeology)

In archaeology, the general meaning of horizon is a distinctive type of sediment, artifact, style or other cultural trait that is found across a large geographical area, from a limited time period.

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House

A house is a building that functions as a home.

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Hungarian orthography

Hungarian orthography (Hungarian: helyesírás, lit. ‘correct writing’) consists of rules defining the standard written form of the Hungarian language.

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Hunnic language

The Hunnic language, or Hunnish, was the language spoken by Huns in the Hunnic Empire, a heterogeneous, multi-ethnic tribal confederation which ruled much of Eastern Europe and invaded the West during the 4th and 5th centuries.

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Hyphen

The hyphen (‐) is a punctuation mark used to join words and to separate syllables of a single word.

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I before E except after C

"I before E, except after C" is a mnemonic rule of thumb for English spelling.

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IJ (digraph)

IJ (lowercase ij) is a digraph of the letters i and j. Occurring in the Dutch language, it is sometimes considered a ligature, or even a letter in itselfalthough in most fonts that have a separate character for ij, the two composing parts are not connected but are separate glyphs, sometimes slightly kerned.

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Index of philosophy articles (I–Q)

No description.

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Individualism

Individualism is the moral stance, political philosophy, ideology, or social outlook that emphasizes the moral worth of the individual.

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Institutional review board

An institutional review board (IRB), also known as an independent ethics committee (IEC), ethical review board (ERB), or research ethics board (REB), is a type of committee that applies research ethics by reviewing the methods proposed for research to ensure that they are ethical.

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International System of Units

The International System of Units (SI, abbreviated from the French Système international (d'unités)) is the modern form of the metric system, and is the most widely used system of measurement.

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Internet

The Internet is the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to link devices worldwide.

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Introduction to the metric system

The metric system was developed during the French Revolution to replace the various measures previously used in France.

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ISO/IEC 8859-15

ISO/IEC 8859-15:1999, Information technology — 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets — Part 15: Latin alphabet No.

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Itza’ language

Itza' (also known as Itza or Itzaj) is a critically endangered Mayan language spoken by the Itza people near Lake Peten Itza in north-central Guatemala.

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Jackaroo (trainee)

A jackaroo is a young man (feminine equivalent jillaroo) working on a sheep or cattle station, to gain practical experience in the skills needed to become an owner, overseer, manager, etc.

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Jacket (disambiguation)

A jacket is a relatively tight-fitting garment for the upper body.

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Jet Ski

Jet Ski is the brand name of a personal water craft (PWC) manufactured by Kawasaki, a Japanese company.

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Johan David Åkerblad

Johan David Åkerblad (6 May 1763, Stockholm – 7 February 1819, Rome) was a Swedish diplomat and orientalist.

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Jotto

Jotto (or Giotto) is a logic-oriented word game played with two players, a writing implement, and a piece of paper with the alphabet on it.

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Julienning

Julienne, allumette, or french cut, is a culinary knife cut in which the food item is cut into long thin strips, similar to matchsticks.

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Kaladont

Kaladont or kalodont is a South Slavic word game, popular in Croatia, Serbia, Slovenia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, in which players in turn say words, each beginning with the last two letters of the previous word.

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Kalaw Lagaw Ya

Kalaw Lagaw Ya, Kala Lagaw Ya, Kalau Lagau Ya, or the Western Torres Strait language (also several other names, see below), is the language indigenous to the central and western Torres Strait Islands, Queensland, Australia.

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Kamatero

Kamatero (Καματερó; officially ΚαματερόνNational Statistic Service of Greece surveys. Last accessed December 4, 2009. (in Greek)) is a suburb northwest of Athens city center, Greece.

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Keith Donnellan

Keith Sedgwick Donnellan (25 June 1931 – 20 February 2015) was an American philosopher and Professor Emeritus of the UCLA department of Philosophy.

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Kenshi

Kenshi is a fictional character from the Mortal Kombat fighting game franchise by Midway Games.

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Khazars

The Khazars (خزر, Xəzərlər; Hazarlar; Хазарлар; Хәзәрләр, Xäzärlär; כוזרים, Kuzarim;, Xazar; Хоза́ри, Chozáry; Хаза́ры, Hazáry; Kazárok; Xazar; Χάζαροι, Cházaroi; p./Gasani) were a semi-nomadic Turkic people, who created what for its duration was the most powerful polity to emerge from the break-up of the Western Turkic Khaganate.

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Kirk

Kirk is a Scottish and Northern English word meaning "church", or more specifically, the Church of Scotland.

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Kirtu

Kirtu is a word that, by association, has become synonymous with sexually explicit comics or animation originating in India, which depict modern Indian sexuality.

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Kui (Chinese mythology)

Kui is a polysemous figure in ancient Chinese mythology.

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La Brabançonne

The "La Brabançonne" (De Brabançonne, Das Lied von Brabant) is the national anthem of Belgium.

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Laigh Kirk

Laigh Kirk can mean "Low church" in general or the Church of Scotland in particular.

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Latinisation of names

Latinisation or Latinization is the practice of rendering a non-Latin name (or word) in a Latin style.

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Letter case

Letter case (or just case) is the distinction between the letters that are in larger upper case (also uppercase, capital letters, capitals, caps, large letters, or more formally majuscule) and smaller lower case (also lowercase, small letters, or more formally minuscule) in the written representation of certain languages.

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Leviathan in popular culture

The Hebrew monster Leviathan found in the Book of Job has given rise to many popular incarnations.

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Li'o language

Li'o, Kéo, or Ende-Li'o, is a Malayo-Polynesian dialect cluster spoken on Flores in Indonesia.

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Life of Homer (Pseudo-Herodotus)

The Life of Homer, whose unknown author is referred to as Pseudo-Herodotus, is one among several ancient biographies of the Greek epic poet, Homer.

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Ligures

The Ligures (singular Ligus or Ligur; English: Ligurians, Greek: Λίγυες) were an ancient Indo-European people who appear to have originated in, and gave their name to, Liguria, a region of north-western Italy.

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Likho

Likho, liho (Russian: Лихо, лі́ха, licho) is an embodiment of evil fate and misfortune in Slavic mythology, a creature with one eye, often depicted as an old, skinny woman in black (Лихо одноглазое, One-eyed Likho) or as an evil male goblin of forests.

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Link grammar

Link grammar (LG) is a theory of syntax by Davy Temperley and Daniel Sleator which builds relations between pairs of words, rather than constructing constituents in a phrase structure hierarchy.

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List of biblical names

This page introduces a list of proper names from the Bible.

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List of ecclesiastical abbreviations

The ecclesiastical words most commonly abbreviated at all times are proper names, titles (official or customary), of persons or corporations, and words of frequent occurrence.

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List of English words containing Q not followed by U

In English, the letter Q is usually followed by the letter U, but there are some exceptions.

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List of English–Spanish interlingual homographs

This is a list of words that occur in both the English language and the Spanish language, but which have different meanings and/or pronunciations in each language.

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List of glossing abbreviations

This page lists common abbreviations for grammatical terms that are used in linguistic interlinear glossing.

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List of Latin-script pentagraphs

In the Latin script, pentagraphs are found primarily in Irish orthography.

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List of Oz characters

This is a list of characters in the original sequel Oz books by American author L. Frank Baum, and in the later continued Oz series by his grandson Roger S. Baum, Ruth Plumly Thompson, John R. Neill, Jack Snow, Rachel Cosgrove Payes, Eloise Jarvis McGraw and Lauren McGraw, Dick Martin, Eric Shanower, and Sherwood Smith.

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List of The Demonata characters

This is a list of characters found in Darren Shan's The Demonata, a series of books that follows protagonists Grubbs Grady, Dervish Grady, Kernel Fleck and Bec MacConn on their quest against Lord Loss and his demon minions.

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List of the longest English words with one syllable

This is a list of candidates for the longest English word of one syllable, i.e. monosyllables with the most letters.

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List of words ending in ology

† not study.

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Lithuanian name

A Lithuanian personal name, like in mostly European cultures, consists of two main elements: the given name (vardas) followed by family name (pavardė).

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Lojban grammar

The grammar of Lojban is based on predicate logic.

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Longest word in English

The identity of the longest word in English depends upon the definition of what constitutes a word in the English language, as well as how length should be compared.

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Longest words

The longest word in any given language depends on the word formation rules of each specific language, and on the types of words allowed for consideration.

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Longgu language

Longgu (Logu) is a Southeast Solomonic language of Guadalcanal, but originally from Malaita.

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Lorelei

The Lorelei (Loreley) is a 132 m (433 ft) high, steep slate rock on the right bank of the river Rhine in the Rhine Gorge (or Middle Rhine) at Sankt Goarshausen in Germany.

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Lucifer

Lucifer is a name that, according to dictionaries of the English language, refers either to the Devil or to the planet Venus when appearing as the morning star.

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Lusus

Lusus is the supposed son or companion of Bacchus, the Roman god of wine and divine madness, to whom Portuguese national mythology attributed the foundation of ancient Lusitania and the fatherhood of its inhabitants, the Lusitanians, seen as the ancestors of the modern Portuguese people.

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Lympha

The Lympha (plural Lymphae) is an ancient Roman deity of fresh water.

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Macedonia naming dispute

The Macedonia naming dispute is a political dispute over the use of the name "Macedonia" between the southeastern European countries of Greece and the Republic of Macedonia, formerly a region within Yugoslavia.

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Mais où est donc Ornicar ?

Mais où est donc Ornicar ?, or Mais où est donc Carnior ? is a French-language mnemonic that aids in remembering the language's coordinating conjunctions.

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Makedon (mythology)

Makedon, also Macedon (Μακεδών) or Makednos (Μακεδνός), was the eponymous mythological ancestor of the ancient Macedonians according to various ancient Greek fragmentary narratives.

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Malachi

Malachi, Malachias, Malache or Mal'achi was the writer of the Book of Malachi, the last book of the Neviim (prophets) section in the Hebrew Bible.

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Mangshi

Mangshi or Mang (เมืองข้อน), formerly named Luxi City, in some literatures write as Mangshih, is a county-level city of Dehong Prefecture, in the west of Yunnan province, People's Republic of China.

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Manually coded English

MCE or speaking and signing at the same time has been labeled many terms--including Total Communication, Simultaneous Communication (SimCom), Signed English, Manually-Coded English, Sign Supported Speech, and Sign Supported English, none of which specify the degree to which the user is attempting to sign specific English vocabulary or correct grammar.

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Martuthunira language

Martuthunira is an extinct Australian Aboriginal language, that was the traditional language of the Martuthunira people of Western Australia.

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Masada

Masada (מצדה, "fortress") is an ancient fortification in the Southern District of Israel situated on top of an isolated rock plateau, akin to a mesa.

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Mavea language

Mavea (also known as Mav̈ea or Mafea or Mavia) is an Oceanic language spoken on the island of Mavea in Vanuatu, off the eastern coast of Espiritu Santo.

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Máni

Máni (Old Norse "moon"Orchard (1997:109).) is the personification of the moon in Norse mythology.

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Merchant navy

A merchant navy or merchant marine is the fleet of merchant vessels that are registered in a specific country.

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Meribah

Meribah or "Mirabah" (מְרִיבָה) is one of the locations which the Torah identifies as having been travelled through by the Israelites, during the Exodus, although the continuous list of visited stations in the Book of Numbers does not mention it.

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Merriam-Webster

Merriam–Webster, Incorporated is an American company that publishes reference books which is especially known for its dictionaries.

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Metaphorical language

Metaphorical language is the use of a complex system of metaphors to create a sub-language within a common language which provides the basic terms (verbs, prepositions, conjunctions) to express metaphors.

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Metric system

The metric system is an internationally adopted decimal system of measurement.

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Metrotown, Burnaby

Metrotown is a town centre serving the southwest quadrant of Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.

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Milengrad

Milengrad (Milen vára) is a mediaeval castle northwest from Zajezda village, in Budinščina municipality, Krapina-Zagorje County, Croatia.

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Mitică

Mitică is a fictional character who appears in several sketch stories by Romanian writer Ion Luca Caragiale.

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Mizo grammar

Mizo grammar is the grammar of the Mizo language, a Tibeto-Burman language spoken by about a million people in Mizoram, Manipur, Tripura, Burma and Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh.

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Mob (gaming)

A mob, short for mobile, also known as an enemy or mook, is a computer-controlled non-player character (NPC) in a computer game such as an MMORPG or MUD.

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Moby Project

The Moby Project is a collection of public-domain lexical resources.

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Modern English

Modern English (sometimes New English or NE as opposed to Middle English and Old English) is the form of the English language spoken since the Great Vowel Shift in England, which began in the late 14th century and was completed in roughly 1550.

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Modthryth

Modthryth, Thryth ('strength', cf. Old Norse Þrúðr, the daughter of Thor), and Fremu are reconstructed names for a character who figures as the queen of King Offa in Beowulf.

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Moel Famau

| name.

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Monkeys in Japanese culture

The Japanese macaque (Japanese Nihonzaru 日本猿), characterized by brown-grey fur, red face, red buttocks, and short tail, inhabits all of the islands in the Japanese archipelago except northernmost Hokkaido.

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Morphemization

Morphemization is a term describing the process of creating a new morpheme using existing linguistic material.

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Mortlockese language

Mortlockese (Kapsen Mwoshulók), also known as Mortlock or Nomoi, is a language that belongs to the Chuukic group of Micronesian languages in the Federated States of Micronesia spoken primarily in the Mortlock Islands (Nomoi (Lower Mortlock) Islands and the Upper Mortlock Islands).

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Multigraph (orthography)

A multigraph (or pleongraph) is a sequence of letters that behaves as a unit and is not the sum of its parts, such as English or French.

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Name

A name is a term used for identification.

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Names of God

A number of traditions have lists of many names of God, many of which enumerate the various qualities of a Supreme Being.The English word "God" (and its equivalent in other languages) is used by multiple religions as a noun or name to refer to different deities, or specifically to the Supreme Being, as denoted in English by the capitalized and uncapitalized terms "god" and "God".

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Names of the Basque Country (in Spanish)

In the Spanish public discourse the territory traditionally inhabited by the Basques was assigned a variety of names across the centuries.

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Naming and Necessity

Naming and Necessity is a 1980 book with the transcript of three lectures, given by philosopher Saul Kripke, at Princeton University in 1970, in which he dealt with the debates of proper names in the philosophy of language.

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National Education Union

The National Education Union (NEU) is a trade union in the United Kingdom for school teachers, further education lecturers, education support staff and teaching assistants.

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Nayden Gerov

Nayden Gerov (Найден Геров), born Nayden Gerov Hadzhidobrevich (Найден Геров Хаджидобревич) February 23, 1823, Koprivshtitsa – October 9, 1900, Plovdiv) was a Bulgarian linguist, folklorist, writer and public figure during the Bulgarian National Revival. Gerov was the son of Gero Dobrevich, a teacher. He studied at his father's school, then at a Greek school in Plovdiv from 1834 to 1836, again in his hometown until 1839, and finally in Odessa, in the Russian Empire, where he graduated from the Richelieu Lyceum in 1845. Gerov became a Russian subject and came back to Koprivshtitsa, where he established his own school, named after Saints Cyril and Methodius. He became famous for his erudition and was invited to open a gymnasium in Plovdiv as well, an invitation which he accepted. As a publicist, he fought the "Graecisation" (assimilation to Greek culture) among the Bulgarians of the time, especially in Plovidiv. At the same time, he managed to compete successfully with the Greek gymnasium in Plovdiv. During the Crimean War (1854–56), he was forced to temporarily leave the country as a Russian subject. In 1857, Gerov became "First Vice-Consul" of Russia in Plovdiv. As such, he strove to further the Bulgarian national cause, help young Bulgarians to receive scholarships abroad, etc.. He also tried to further the Liberation of Bulgaria from the Ottoman Empire, but he relied on help from Russia and was opposed to the more radical revolutionary emigres who wanted an independent uprising, such as Lyuben Karavelov, Vasil Levski, and Hristo Botev. During the April uprising (1875), he was suspected for having been one of the organizers and was forced to go into hiding and sought refuge in the Russian legation in Constantinople. After the liberation, he held some administrative offices for a short time, but soon devoted all of his time to philology. Gerov's principal work was his unique Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language (Речникъ на блъгарскый языкъ). For about fifty years, he collected, from ordinary people, a great number of words, expressions, proverbs, folk songs, and proper nouns. The first three letters were already published in 1855–1856 in Russia, but the dictionary as a whole was published in five volumes, from 1895 to 1904, with an appendix added in 1908 by Gerov's collaborator T.Panchev. The dictionary contains about 100 000 entries (if the appendix is included). It is considered an extremely valuable source for the study of the Bulgarian language of the 19th century. Gerov was also an advocate of an orthography for the Bulgarian literary language based on the etymological principle. His orthography was, however, eventually rejected in favour of the one proposed by Marin Drinov. Gerov Pass in Tangra Mountains on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after Nayden Gerov.

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Nebojša Tower

Nebojša Tower (Kula Nebojša; Πύργος Νεμπόισα) is the only surviving mediaeval tower of the Belgrade Fortress.

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Nepenthaceae (1908 monograph)

"Nepenthaceae" is a monograph by John Muirhead Macfarlane on the tropical pitcher plants of the genus Nepenthes.

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Nepenthes rajah

Nepenthes rajah is a carnivorous pitcher plant species of the Nepenthaceae family.

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New Life Version

The New Life Version (NLV) of the Bible is a simplified English translation by Gleason and Kathryn Ledyard.

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Nihongo Daijiten

The (English title: The Great Japanese Dictionary) is a color-illustrated Japanese dictionary edited by Tadao Umesao and published by Kodansha in 1989 and 1995 (2nd edition).

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Ninde language

Ninde, or Labo (also Nide, Meaun, Mewun) is an Oceanic language spoken by about 1,100 people in the Southwest Bay area of Malekula island, in Vanuatu.

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Nomenclature

Nomenclature is a system of names or terms, or the rules for forming these terms in a particular field of arts or sciences.

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Non-rigid designator

In the philosophy of language and modal logic, a term is said to be a non-rigid designator (or flaccid designator) or connotative term if it does not extensionally designate (denote, refer to) the same object in all possible worlds.

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North Moluccan Malay

North Moluccan Malay (also known as Ternate Malay) is a language spoken in Ternate, Tidore and Halmahera islands, North Maluku for intergroup communications, and in the Sula Islands.

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Onomastics

Onomastics or onomatology is the study of the origin, history, and use of proper names.

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Ophel

The Ophel (עֹ֫פֶל ‘ōp̄el), also Graecised to Ophlas, Is the biblical name apparently given to a certain part of a settlement or city that is elevated from its surroundings, and probably means fortified hill or risen area.

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Optical character recognition

Optical character recognition (also optical character reader, OCR) is the mechanical or electronic conversion of images of typed, handwritten or printed text into machine-encoded text, whether from a scanned document, a photo of a document, a scene-photo (for example the text on signs and billboards in a landscape photo) or from subtitle text superimposed on an image (for example from a television broadcast).

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Orange (word)

The word orange is both a noun and an adjective in the English language.

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Oslo.

oslo. was a British post-punk band that released recordings on UK label Scared Hitless in 1999.

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Ottos mops

"Ottos mops" is a poem by the Austrian poet Ernst Jandl.

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P. Inman

Peter Inman (writing as P. Inman) is an American poet.

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Palm Sunday

Palm Sunday is a Christian moveable feast that falls on the Sunday before Easter.

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Panlong (mythology)

Panlong (lit. "coiled dragon") is an aquatic dragon resembling a jiaolong 蛟龍 "river dragon; crocodile" in Chinese mythology, an ancient motif in Chinese art, and a proper name.

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Paradísarborgin

Paradísarborgin ('the city of paradise') is a 2009 novel by Óttar M. Norðfjörð, published by Sögur in Reykjavík.

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Part-of-speech tagging

In corpus linguistics, part-of-speech tagging (POS tagging or PoS tagging or POST), also called grammatical tagging or word-category disambiguation, is the process of marking up a word in a text (corpus) as corresponding to a particular part of speech, based on both its definition and its context—i.e., its relationship with adjacent and related words in a phrase, sentence, or paragraph.

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Perfection

Perfection is, broadly, a state of completeness and flawlessness.

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Petit Larousse

Le Petit Larousse Illustré, commonly known simply as Le Petit Larousse, is a French-language encyclopedic dictionary published by Éditions Larousse.

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Pharaoh (Book of Abraham)

In Latter-day Saint theology, Pharaoh is the proper name of the first king of Egypt, as found in the Book of Abraham in the Pearl of Great Price.

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Philip M. Parker

Philip M. Parker (born June 20, 1960) holds the INSEAD Chair Professorship of Management Science at INSEAD (Fontainebleau, France).

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Phosphorus (morning star)

Phosphorus (Greek Φωσφόρος Phōsphoros) is the Morning Star, the planet Venus in its morning appearance.

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Planescape: Torment

Planescape: Torment is a role-playing video game developed by Black Isle Studios and published by Interplay Entertainment.

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Platonism

Platonism, rendered as a proper noun, is the philosophy of Plato or the name of other philosophical systems considered closely derived from it.

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Play On Words (game)

Play on Words is a word card game, in which players build words from 8 stacks of cards which show available letters.

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PN

PN may refer to.

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Pneumocystis jirovecii

Pneumocystis jirovecii (previously P. carinii) is a yeast-like fungus of the genus Pneumocystis.

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Portmanteau

A portmanteau or portmanteau word is a linguistic blend of words,, p. 644 in which parts of multiple words or their phones (sounds) are combined into a new word, as in smog, coined by blending smoke and fog, or motel, from motor and hotel.

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Portuguese name

A Portuguese name is typically composed of one or two given names, and a number of family names (rarely one, but often two or three, seldom more).

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Predicable

Predicable (Lat. praedicabilis, that which may be stated or affirmed, sometimes called quinque voces or five words) is, in scholastic logic, a term applied to a classification of the possible relations in which a predicate may stand to its subject.

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Predicate (grammar)

There are two competing notions of the predicate in theories of grammar.

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Predictive text

Predictive text is an input technology used where one key or button represents many letters, such as on the numeric keypads of mobile phones and in accessibility technologies.

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Prom

In the United States, a promenade dance, most commonly called a prom, is a semi-formal (black tie) dance or gathering of high school students.

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PropBank

PropBank is a corpus that is annotated with verbal propositions and their arguments—a "proposition bank".

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Proper adjective

In English orthography, the term proper adjective is sometimes applied to adjectives that take initial capital letters, and the term common adjective to those that do not.

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Proper name mark

In Chinese writing, a proper name mark (Simplified Chinese: 专名号, zhuānmínghào; Traditional Chinese: 專名號) is an underline used to mark proper names, such as the names of people, places, dynasties, organizations.

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R. M. Hare

Richard Mervyn Hare (21 March 1919 – 29 January 2002), usually cited as R. M. Hare, was an English moral philosopher who held the post of White's Professor of Moral Philosophy at the University of Oxford from 1966 until 1983.

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Raorchestes chalazodes

Raorchestes chalazodes (chalazodes bubble-nest frog, white-spotted bush frog, or Günther's bush frog) is a species of frog in the Rhacophoridae family.

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Rasmus Klump

Rasmus Klump (translates to Rasmus Lump or Erasmus Lump) is a Danish comic strip series for children created in 1951 by the Danish wife and husband team Carla and Vilhelm Hansen.

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Rán

In Norse mythology, Rán is a goddess and a personification of the sea.

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Real (Ponce)

Real is one of the 31 barrios of the municipality of Ponce, Puerto Rico.

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Referring expression

In linguistics, a referring expression (RE) is any noun phrase, or surrogate for a noun phrase, whose function in discourse is to identify some individual object.

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Referring expression generation

Referring expression generation(REG) is the subtask of Natural language generation (NLG) that received most scholarly attention.

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Revised Romanization of Korean

The Revised Romanization of Korean is the official Korean language romanization system in South Korea proclaimed by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism to replace the older McCune–Reischauer system.

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Rigid designator

In modal logic and the philosophy of language, a term is said to be a rigid designator or absolute substantial term when it designates (picks out, denotes, refers to) the same thing in all possible worlds in which that thing exists and does not designate anything else in those possible worlds in which that thing does not exist.

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Roc de Chère National Nature Reserve

The Roc de Chère National Nature Reserve is a major ecologic site in southeastern France.

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Romanian alphabet

The Romanian alphabet is a variant of the Latin alphabet used by the Romanian language.

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Romanization of Bulgarian

Romanization of Bulgarian is the practice of transliteration of text in Bulgarian from its conventional Cyrillic orthography into the Latin alphabet.

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Romanization of Hebrew

Hebrew uses the Hebrew alphabet with optional vowel diacritics.

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Romanization of Khmer

Khmer romanization refers to the romanization of the Khmer (Cambodian) language, that is, the representation of that language using letters of the Latin (Roman) alphabet.

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Romanization of Macedonian

The Romanization of Macedonian is the transliteration of text in the Macedonian language from the Macedonian Cyrillic alphabet into the Latin alphabet.

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Salad Fingers

Salad Fingers is a British flash animation internet series created by David Firth in July 2004.

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Sawhorse (Oz)

The Sawhorse, spelled "saw-horse" in some of the books, is a character from L. Frank Baum's Oz books series.

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Sól (sun)

Sól (Old Norse "Sun")Orchard (1997:152).

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Schacht

Schacht is a German surname, derived from the common noun meaning "mine shaft".

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Schadenfreude

Schadenfreude ('harm-joy') is the experience of pleasure, joy, or self-satisfaction that comes from learning of or witnessing the troubles, failures, or humiliation of another.

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Scipio (cognomen)

Scipio (plural, Scipiones) is a Roman cognomen representing the Cornelii Scipiones, a branch of the Cornelii family.

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Scrabble

Scrabble is a word game in which two to four players score points by placing tiles bearing a single letter onto a board divided into a 15×15 grid of squares.

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Seaxwulf

Seaxwulf (before 676 – c. 692) was the founding abbot of the Mercian monastery of Medeshamstede, and an early medieval bishop of Mercia.

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Secundus

Secundus is the Latin word for "second." However, it also had the meaning of "favorable" or "lucky." It functions both as a proper name and a numeral title.

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Semicolon

The semicolon or semi colon is a punctuation mark that separates major sentence elements.

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Shavian alphabet

The Shavian alphabet (also known as the Shaw alphabet) is an alphabet conceived as a way to provide simple, phonetic orthography for the English language to replace the difficulties of conventional spelling.

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Shrew (stock character)

The shrew – an unpleasant, ill-tempered woman characterised by scolding, nagging, and aggression – is a comedic, stock character in literature and folklore, both Western and Eastern.

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Sigillaria (ancient Rome)

In ancient Roman culture, sigillaria were pottery or wax figurines given as traditional gifts during the Saturnalia.

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Singular term

A singular term is a paradigmatic referring device in a language.

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Sispara

Sispara, സിസ്പാര (Sisapara, Sisparra, Sisparah, Su:spore), a proper noun, is a combination of the Badaga language words si:su + pore; meaning: magnetite bearing rock + gorge.

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Slavic liquid metathesis and pleophony

The Slavic liquid metathesis refers to the phenomenon of metathesis of liquid consonants in the Common Slavic period in the South Slavic and West Slavic (specifically, Czech and Slovak) area.

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Slovene alphabet

The Slovene alphabet (slovenska abeceda, or slovenska gajica) is an extension of the Latin script and is used in the Slovene language.

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South African Sign Language

South African Sign Language (SASL) is the primary sign language spoken by Deaf in South Africa.

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Southern blot

A Southern blot is a method used in molecular biology for detection of a specific DNA sequence in DNA samples.

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Sphinx

A sphinx (Σφίγξ, Boeotian: Φίξ, plural sphinxes or sphinges) is a mythical creature with the head of a human and the body of a lion.

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Spira (Final Fantasy)

Spira is the fictional world of the Square role-playing video games Final Fantasy X and Final Fantasy X-2.

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Stars named after people

Over the past few centuries, a small number of stars have been named after individual people.

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Storm-Bogatyr, Ivan the Cow's Son

"Storm-Bogatyr, Ivan the Cow's Son" (Буря-богатырь Иван коровий сын) is a Russian fairy tale (skazka) #136 collected by Alexander Afanasyev in Russian Fairy Tales, categorized as Aarne-Thompson type 300 A and 519.

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Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia

Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia is an annual peer-reviewed academic journal covering historical linguistics on languages of Eurasia.

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Surnames by country

Surname conventions and laws vary around the world.

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Surtr

In Norse mythology, Surtr (Old Norse "black"Orchard (1997:154). or "the swarthy one"Simek (2007:303–304)) is a jötunn.

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Tagalog grammar

Tagalog grammar is the body of rules that describe the structure of expressions in the Tagalog language, the language of the Tagalog region of the Philippines.

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Tahitian language

Tahitian (autonym Reo Tahiti, part of Reo Mā'ohi, languages of French Polynesia)Reo Mā'ohi correspond to “languages of natives from French Polynesia”, and may in principle designate any of the seven indigenous languages spoken in French Polynesia.

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Takbir

The Takbīr (تَكْبِير), also transliterated Tekbir or Takbeer, is the Arabic phrase (الله أكبر), usually translated as "God is greatest".

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Tamil grammar

Much of Tamil grammar is extensively described in the oldest available grammar book for Tamil, the Tolkāppiyam.

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Tamil honorifics

In Tamil, honorifics (முறை, muṟai) governs daily speech and register of both written and spoken communication.

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Tîrî language

Tiri (Ciri, Tĩrĩ), or Mea (Ha Mea), is an Oceanic language of New Caledonia.

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Terra (mythology)

In ancient Roman religion and myth, Tellus Mater or Terra Mater ("Mother Earth") is a goddess of the earth.

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Tesoro de la lengua castellana o española

The Tesoro de la lengua castellana o española (Treasury of Castilian or Spanish Language) is a dictionary of the Spanish language, written by Sebastián de Covarrubias in 1611.

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Thespiae

Thespiae (Greek: Θεσπιαί, Thespiaí) was an ancient Greek city (polis) in Boeotia.

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Tianlong

Tianlong (lit. "heavenly dragon") is a flying dragon in Chinese mythology, a star in Chinese astrology, and a proper name.

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Title of authority

Title of authority, title of office or title of command is the official designation of a position held in an organization (e.g. in government or corporation) associated with certain duties of authority.

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TPR Storytelling

TPR Storytelling (Teaching Proficiency through Reading and Storytelling or TPRS) is a method of teaching foreign languages.

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Turkish language

Turkish, also referred to as Istanbul Turkish, is the most widely spoken of the Turkic languages, with around 10–15 million native speakers in Southeast Europe (mostly in East and Western Thrace) and 60–65 million native speakers in Western Asia (mostly in Anatolia).

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Tyning

Tyning is a name-element occurring commonly in north-east Somerset, England - most of all in the Bath area, though also as far as Cheddar in the south-west, and over the borders into Wiltshire and Gloucestershire.

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Ukko

Ukko, or Äijä or Äijö (Finnish: male grandparent, grandfather, old man), parallel to Uku in Estonian mythology, is the god of the sky, weather, harvest and thunder in Finnish mythology.

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Ukrainian Sign Language

Ukrainian Sign Language (USL) (Українська жестова мова (УЖМ)) is the sign language of the deaf community of Ukraine.

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Uluru

Uluru (Pitjantjatjara), also known as Ayers Rock and officially gazetted as "UluruAyers Rock", is a large sandstone rock formation in the southern part of the Northern Territory in central Australia.

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Unish

Unish is a constructed language developed by a research team at Sejong University, South Korea.

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Unitarianism

Unitarianism (from Latin unitas "unity, oneness", from unus "one") is historically a Christian theological movement named for its belief that the God in Christianity is one entity, as opposed to the Trinity (tri- from Latin tres "three") which defines God as three persons in one being; the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.

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Unity of the proposition

In philosophy, the unity of the proposition is the problem of explaining how a sentence in the indicative mood expresses more than just what a list of proper names expresses.

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Upsilon Eridani

The Bayer designation Upsilon Eridani (υ Eri / υ Eridani) is shared by four stars, in the constellation Eridanus.

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Ursula (The Little Mermaid)

Ursula is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Pictures' 28th animated feature film The Little Mermaid (1989).

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Urte

Urte is a female first name occurring mainly in Germany.

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Urtzi

Urtzi (also ortzi) is a Basque term which either represents an old common noun for the sky, or is the name for a pre-Christian sky deity.

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Uruguay

Uruguay, officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay (República Oriental del Uruguay), is a sovereign state in the southeastern region of South America.

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Use–mention distinction

The use–mention distinction is a foundational concept of analytic philosophy, according to which it is necessary to make a distinction between using a word (or phrase) and mentioning it,Devitt and Sterelny (1999) pp.

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Vietnamese alphabet

The Vietnamese alphabet (chữ Quốc ngữ; literally "national language script") is the modern writing system for the Vietnamese language.

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Vinland

Vinland, Vineland or Winland (Vínland) is the name for North American land explored by Norse Vikings, where Leif Erikson first landed 1000, approximately five centuries prior to the voyages of Christopher Columbus and John Cabot.

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Volcano warning schemes of the United States

In October 2006, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) adopted a nationwide alert system for characterizing the level of unrest and eruptive activity at volcanoes.

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Voynich manuscript

The Voynich manuscript is an illustrated codex hand-written in an unknown writing system.

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Wade–Giles

Wade–Giles, sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization system for Mandarin Chinese.

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Warrongo language

Warrongo (or War(r)ungu) is an Australian Aboriginal language, one of the dozen languages of the Maric branch of the Pama–Nyungan family.

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Who's on First?

"Who's on First?" is a comedy routine made famous by Abbott and Costello.

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Word ladder

Word ladder (also known as Doublets, word-links, change-the-word puzzles, paragrams, laddergrams, or Word golf) is a word game invented by Lewis Carroll.

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Wu (shaman)

Wu are spirit mediums who have practiced divination, prayer, sacrifice, rainmaking, and healing in Chinese traditions dating back over 3,000 years.

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Wuji (philosophy)

Wújí (literally "without ridgepole") originally meant "ultimate; boundless; infinite" in Warring States period (476–221 BCE) Taoist classics, but came to mean the "primordial universe" prior to the Taiji 太極 "Supreme Ultimate" in Song Dynasty (960–1279 CE) Neo-Confucianist cosmology.

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Y

Y (named wye, plural wyes) is the 25th and penultimate letter in the modern English alphabet and the ISO basic Latin alphabet.

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Yolmo language

Yolmo (Hyolmo),or Helambu Sherpa, is the native Tibeto-Burman language of the Hyolmo of south-central Nepal.

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Zhonghua Zihai

Zhonghua Zihai is the largest Chinese character dictionary available for print, compiled in 1994 and consisting of 85,568 different characters.

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Zilant

Zilant (Зилант) is a legendary creature, something between a dragon and a wyvern.

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Redirects here:

Common noun, Common nouns, Improper noun, Proper Noun, Proper name, Proper name (linguistics), Proper names, Proper nouns, ProperNames.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proper_noun

Unionpedia is a concept map or semantic network organized like an encyclopedia – dictionary. It gives a brief definition of each concept and its relationships.

This is a giant online mental map that serves as a basis for concept diagrams. It's free to use and each article or document can be downloaded. It's a tool, resource or reference for study, research, education, learning or teaching, that can be used by teachers, educators, pupils or students; for the academic world: for school, primary, secondary, high school, middle, technical degree, college, university, undergraduate, master's or doctoral degrees; for papers, reports, projects, ideas, documentation, surveys, summaries, or thesis. Here is the definition, explanation, description, or the meaning of each significant on which you need information, and a list of their associated concepts as a glossary. Available in English, Spanish, Portuguese, Japanese, Chinese, French, German, Italian, Polish, Dutch, Russian, Arabic, Hindi, Swedish, Ukrainian, Hungarian, Catalan, Czech, Hebrew, Danish, Finnish, Indonesian, Norwegian, Romanian, Turkish, Vietnamese, Korean, Thai, Greek, Bulgarian, Croatian, Slovak, Lithuanian, Filipino, Latvian, Estonian and Slovenian. More languages soon.

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