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Radiation protection

Index Radiation protection

Radiation protection, sometimes known as radiological protection, is defined by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) as "The protection of people from harmful effects of exposure to ionizing radiation, and the means for achieving this". [1]

237 relations: Absorbed dose, ALARP, American Board of Nuclear Medicine, American Nuclear Society, Americium-241, Antimatter rocket, Ark Two Shelter, Astatine, Atommash, Attenuation coefficient, Australasian College of Physical Scientists and Engineers in Medicine, Autorité de sûreté nucléaire, Öko-Institut, B Reactor, B330, Bachelor of Engineering, Baidu 10 Mythical Creatures, Barium borate, Beam dump, Beer–Lambert law, Bernal sphere, Beta particle, Biomedical sciences, Blast shelter, Branko Bošnjaković, Breeder reactor, Bremsstrahlung, C. Maurice Patterson, Certified Health Physicist, Chernobyl disaster, Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant sarcophagus, Chicago Pile-1, Clinton Engineer Works, Cobalt, Cobalt bomb, Committed dose, Computational human phantom, Contamination, Corium (nuclear reactor), CoRoT, Criticality accident, CROCUS, Cysteamine, Da Boom, Dade Moeller, Demron, Dosimetry, Dr. Strangelove, Duck and cover, E. Gail de Planque, ..., Earth sheltering, Effective dose (radiation), Elastic scattering, Electromagnetic shielding, Enriched uranium, Equivalent dose, European Atomic Energy Community, Fallout shelter, Federal Department of Home Affairs, Federal Ministry of the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, Fernald Feed Materials Production Center, Fire department TU Munich, FLUKA, Fluoroscopy, Force field (fiction), G-arm medical imaging, Gamma ray, Gaseous ionization detectors, Geiger counter, Germanium Detector Array, Glovebox, Gray (unit), Half-value layer, Harold A. Knapp, Health and safety hazards of nanomaterials, Health physics, Health Physics Society, Heavy metals, Henry Sampson (inventor), Hot cell, Hydrometallurgy Pilot Plant, IMSR, Index of physics articles (R), Index of radiation articles, Inflatable space habitat, International Atomic Energy Agency, International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements, International Commission on Radiological Protection, International Radiation Protection Association, Interventional oncology, INVAP, Ionising Radiations Regulations 1999, Ionizing radiation, Isotopes of phosphorus, Joe Wiseman Howland, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics, Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology, Juno Radiation Vault, Laboratory, Lancs Industries, Landesanstalt für Umwelt, Messungen und Naturschutz Baden-Württemberg, Lauriston S. Taylor, Lawrence, Massachusetts, Lead, Lead apron, Lead glass, Lead line, Lead poisoning, Lead shielding, Lead-bismuth eutectic, Leonidas D. Marinelli, Linear no-threshold model, List of engineering branches, List of MeSH codes (G03), List of Women in Technology International Hall of Fame inductees, Low-background steel, Madan M. Rehani, Marco Durante (physicist), Median aerodynamic diameter, Medical equipment management, Medical physics, Metallurgical Laboratory, Mexico and weapons of mass destruction, Miriam Posner Finkel, Monte Carlo method, Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code, MPC&A, Munich Fire Department, Nano electrokinetic thruster, National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos", National Commission for Radiation Protection of Ukraine, National Nuclear Energy Commission, National Synchrotron Light Source, NERVA, Nested neutron spectrometer, Neutron activation, Neutron bomb, Neutron howitzer, Neutron radiation, Non-ionizing radiation, Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, Nuclear decommissioning, Nuclear engineering, Nuclear fuel cycle, Nuclear law, Nuclear pharmacy, Nuclear propulsion, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear reactor, Nuclear safety in the United States, Nuclear War Survival Skills, Oncofertility, Opacity (optics), Organically moderated and cooled reactor, Particle radiation, Period 6 element, Phosphorus, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Point source, Projectional radiography, Protection, Quehanna Wild Area, R. G. Sonkawade, Radiation burn, Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act of 1968, Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, Radiation Exposure Monitoring, Radiation hardening, Radiation protection of patients, Radiation therapist, Radioactive nanoparticle, Radioactive source, Radioactive waste, Radiobiology evidence for protons and HZE nuclei, Radiochemistry, Radioecology, Radiographer, Radiography, Radiological Protection Institute of Ireland, Radiology, Radiophobia, Radiosurgery, Radiosynthesis (metabolism), Robert Morgan Fink, Robert Spencer Stone, Robley D. Evans (physicist), Roentgen (unit), Rolf Michel, Rosatom, Saskatchewan Accelerator Laboratory, SCK•CEN, Semiconductor detector, Serpentinite, Shelter in place, Shield (disambiguation), Shoe-fitting fluoroscope, Shot (pellet), Sievert, Society for Radiological Protection, Space elevator safety, Space Launch System, Space station, Spaceflight radiation carcinogenesis, State Nuclear Power Safety Inspectorate of Lithuania, Steel, Strontium aluminate, Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, Survey meter, Swedish Radiation Safety Authority, Synchrotron Radiation Center, TAE Technologies, Technetium, Technetium-99m, The Boring Company, Therac-25, Thermal-neutron reactor, Thyroid blocker, Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Transmittance, Tungsten, United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation, Unsealed source radiotherapy, Uranium dioxide, Uranium-238, UrQMD, Vilma Rose Hunt, Walter Zinn, Washington State University Reactor, Whole-body counting, William Herbert Rollins, World Nuclear Association, X-ray, X-ray detector, X-ray image intensifier, X. George Xu, 1984 Moroccan radiation accident. Expand index (187 more) »

Absorbed dose

Absorbed dose is a measure of the energy deposited in a medium by ionizing radiation.

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ALARP

ALARP, which stands for "as low as reasonably practicable", or ALARA ("as low as reasonably achievable"), is a term often used in the regulation and management of safety-critical and safety-involved systems.

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American Board of Nuclear Medicine

The American Board of Nuclear Medicine (ABNM) certifies physicians as specialists in the practice of nuclear medicine.

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American Nuclear Society

The American Nuclear Society (ANS) is an international, not-for-profit 501(c)(3) scientific and educational organization with a membership of approximately 11,000 scientists, engineers, educators, students, and other associate members.

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Americium-241

Americium-241 (241Am) is an isotope of americium.

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Antimatter rocket

An antimatter rocket is a proposed class of rockets that use antimatter as their power source.

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Ark Two Shelter

The Ark Two Shelter is a nuclear fallout shelter.

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Astatine

Astatine is a radioactive chemical element with symbol At and atomic number 85.

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Atommash

Atommash («Атоммаш») is a multidisciplinary engineering company located in Volgodonsk, Rostov Oblast, Russia.

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Attenuation coefficient

Attenuation coefficient or narrow beam attenuation coefficient of the volume of a material characterizes how easily it can be penetrated by a beam of light, sound, particles, or other energy or matter.

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Australasian College of Physical Scientists and Engineers in Medicine

The Australasian College of Physical Scientists and Engineers in Medicine (ACPSEM) is a professional organisation for medical physicists, biomedical engineers and allied professionals in Australia and New Zealand.

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Autorité de sûreté nucléaire

The Autorité de sûreté nucléaire (Nuclear Safety Authority, ASN) is an independent French administrative authority set up by law 2006-686 of 13 June 2006 concerning nuclear transparency and safety.

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Öko-Institut

The Öko-Institut (Institute for Applied Ecology) (sometimes spelt Oeko-Institut) is a non-profit, private-sector environmental research institute with its head office in Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.

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B Reactor

The B Reactor at the Hanford Site, near Richland, Washington, was the first large-scale nuclear reactor ever built.

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B330

The B330 (previously known as the Nautilus space complex module and BA 330) is an inflatable space habitat being privately developed by Bigelow Aerospace.

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Bachelor of Engineering

The Bachelor of Engineering, abbreviated as B.E., B.Eng., or B.A.I. (in Latin form) is a first professional undergraduate academic degree awarded to a student after four to five years of studying engineering at an accredited university.

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Baidu 10 Mythical Creatures

The Baidu 10 Mythical Creatures, alternatively Ten Baidu Deities, was initially a humorous hoax from the interactive encyclopedia Baidu Baike which became a popular and widespread Internet meme in the People's Republic of China in early 2009.

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Barium borate

Barium borate is an inorganic compound, a borate of barium with a chemical formula BaB2O4 or Ba(BO2)2.

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Beam dump

A beam dump is a device designed to absorb the energy of photons or other particles within an energetic beam.

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Beer–Lambert law

The Beer–Lambert law, also known as Beer's law, the Lambert–Beer law, or the Beer–Lambert–Bouguer law relates the attenuation of light to the properties of the material through which the light is travelling.

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Bernal sphere

A Bernal sphere is a type of space habitat intended as a long-term home for permanent residents, first proposed in 1929 by John Desmond Bernal.

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Beta particle

A beta particle, also called beta ray or beta radiation, (symbol β) is a high-energy, high-speed electron or positron emitted by the radioactive decay of an atomic nucleus during the process of beta decay.

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Biomedical sciences

Biomedical sciences are a set of applied sciences applying portions of natural science or formal science, or both, to knowledge, interventions, or technology that are of use in healthcare or public health.

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Blast shelter

A blast shelter is a place where people can go to protect themselves from blasts and explosions, like those from bombs, or in hazardous worksites, such as on oil and gas refineries or petrochemical facilities.

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Branko Bošnjaković

Branko (Franjo Marko) Bošnjaković (born 18 February 1939) is a Dutch-Croatian physicist and professional working in the field of environmental protection and sustainability.

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Breeder reactor

A breeder reactor is a nuclear reactor that generates more fissile material than it consumes.

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Bremsstrahlung

Bremsstrahlung, from bremsen "to brake" and Strahlung "radiation"; i.e., "braking radiation" or "deceleration radiation", is electromagnetic radiation produced by the deceleration of a charged particle when deflected by another charged particle, typically an electron by an atomic nucleus.

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C. Maurice Patterson

C.

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Certified Health Physicist

Certified Health Physicist is an official title granted by the, the certification board for health physicists in the United States.

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Chernobyl disaster

The Chernobyl disaster, also referred to as the Chernobyl accident, was a catastrophic nuclear accident.

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Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant sarcophagus

The Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant sarcophagus or Shelter Object (Об'єкт "Укриття") is a massive steel and concrete structure covering the nuclear reactor No.

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Chicago Pile-1

Chicago Pile-1 (CP-1) was the world's first nuclear reactor.

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Clinton Engineer Works

The Clinton Engineer Works (CEW) was the production installation of the Manhattan Project that during World War II produced the enriched uranium used in the 1945 bombing of Hiroshima, as well as the first examples of reactor-produced plutonium.

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Cobalt

Cobalt is a chemical element with symbol Co and atomic number 27.

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Cobalt bomb

A cobalt bomb is a type of "salted bomb": a nuclear weapon designed to produce enhanced amounts of radioactive fallout, intended to contaminate a large area with radioactive material.

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Committed dose

The committed dose in radiological protection is a measure of the stochastic health risk due to an intake of radioactive material into the human body.

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Computational human phantom

Photo courtesy of Dr.

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Contamination

Contamination is the presence of an unwanted constituent, contaminant or impurity in a material, physical body, natural environment, workplace, etc.

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Corium (nuclear reactor)

Corium (also called fuel containing material (FCM) or lava-like fuel containing material (LFCM)) is the lava-like mixture of fissile material created in a nuclear reactor's core during a nuclear meltdown.

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CoRoT

CoRoT (French: Convection, Rotation et Transits planétaires; English: Convection, Rotation and planetary Transits) was a space observatory mission which operated from 2006 to 2013.

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Criticality accident

A criticality accident is an uncontrolled nuclear fission chain reaction.

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CROCUS

CROCUS is a research reactor at École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne in Switzerland, sometimes described as zero power but in fact limited to 100 W. This low power means that within a few hours of shutdown, it is safe for personnel to enter the biological shield, as the residual radioactivity of the core has decayed to safe levels.

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Cysteamine

Cysteamine is a medication intended for a number of indications, and approved by the FDA to treat cystinosis.

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Da Boom

"Da Boom" is the third episode of the second season of the animated comedy series Family Guy and the tenth episode of the series.

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Dade Moeller

Dade Moeller (27 February 1927 – 26 September 2011) was an internationally known expert in radiation safety and environmental protection.

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Demron

Demron is a radiation-shielding fabric.

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Dosimetry

Radiation dosimetry in the fields of health physics and radiation protection is the measurement, calculation and assessment of the ionizing radiation dose absorbed by the human body.

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Dr. Strangelove

Dr.

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Duck and cover

"Duck and cover" is a method of personal protection against the effects of a nuclear explosion.

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E. Gail de Planque

Eileen Gail de Planque (also Eileen Gail de Planque Burke, best known as E. Gail de Planque; 1944 – September 8, 2010) was an American nuclear physicist.

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Earth sheltering

Earth sheltering is the architectural practice of using earth against building walls for external thermal mass, to reduce heat loss, and to easily maintain a steady indoor air temperature.

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Effective dose (radiation)

Effective dose is a dose quantity in the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) system of radiological protection.

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Elastic scattering

Elastic scattering is a form of particle scattering in scattering theory, nuclear physics and particle physics.

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Electromagnetic shielding

Electromagnetic shielding is the practice of reducing the electromagnetic field in a space by blocking the field with barriers made of conductive or magnetic materials.

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Enriched uranium

Enriched uranium is a type of uranium in which the percent composition of uranium-235 has been increased through the process of isotope separation.

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Equivalent dose

Equivalent dose is a dose quantity H representing the stochastic health effects of low levels of ionizing radiation on the human body.

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European Atomic Energy Community

The European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or Euratom) is an international organisation established by the Euratom Treaty on 25 March 1957 with the original purpose of creating a specialist market for nuclear power in Europe; developing nuclear energy and distributing it to its member states while selling the surplus to non-member states.

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Fallout shelter

A fallout shelter is an enclosed space specially designed to protect occupants from radioactive debris or fallout resulting from a nuclear explosion.

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Federal Department of Home Affairs

The Federal Department of Home Affairs (FDHA,, Département fédéral de l'intérieur,, Departament federal da l'intern) is a department of the federal administration of Switzerland and serves as the Swiss ministry of the interior.

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Federal Ministry of the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety

The Federal Ministry of the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, (Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und nukleare Sicherheit), abbreviated BMU, is a cabinet-level ministry of the Federal Republic of Germany.

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Fernald Feed Materials Production Center

The Fernald Feed Materials Production Center (commonly referred to simply as Fernald or later NLO) is a Superfund site located within Crosby Township in Hamilton County, Ohio, as well as Ross Township in Butler County, Ohio.

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Fire department TU Munich

The Fire department TU Munich is a factory fire department at the Technical University of Munich.

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FLUKA

FLUKA (FLUktuierende KAskade) is a fully integrated Monte Carlo simulation package for the interaction and transport of particles and nuclei in matter.

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Fluoroscopy

Fluoroscopy is an imaging technique that uses X-rays to obtain real-time moving images of the interior of an object.

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Force field (fiction)

In speculative fiction, a force field, sometimes known as an energy shield, force shield, defence shield or deflector shield, is a barrier made of energy, plasma, or particles.

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G-arm medical imaging

G-arm medical imaging systems are based on fluoroscopic X-ray and are used for a variety of diagnostic imaging and minimally invasive surgical procedures.

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Gamma ray

A gamma ray or gamma radiation (symbol γ or \gamma), is penetrating electromagnetic radiation arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei.

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Gaseous ionization detectors

Gaseous ionization detectors are radiation detection instruments used in particle physics to detect the presence of ionizing particles, and in radiation protection applications to measure ionizing radiation.

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Geiger counter

The Geiger counter is an instrument used for detecting and measuring ionizing radiation used widely in applications such as radiation dosimetry, radiological protection, experimental physics and the nuclear industry.

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Germanium Detector Array

The Germanium Detector Array (or GERDA) experiment is searching for neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ) in Ge-76 at the underground Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS).

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Glovebox

A glovebox (or glove box) is a sealed container that is designed to allow one to manipulate objects where a separate atmosphere is desired.

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Gray (unit)

The gray (symbol: Gy) is a derived unit of ionizing radiation dose in the International System of Units (SI).

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Half-value layer

A material's half-value layer (HVL), or half-value thickness, is the thickness of the material at which the intensity of radiation entering it is reduced by one half.

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Harold A. Knapp

Harold Anthony Knapp was an American mathematician.

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Health and safety hazards of nanomaterials

The health and safety hazards of nanomaterials include the potential toxicity of various types of nanomaterials, as well as fire and dust explosion hazards.

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Health physics

Health physics is the applied physics of radiation protection for health and health care purposes.

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Health Physics Society

The Health Physics Society (HPS) is a nonprofit scientific professional organization whose mission is excellence in the science and practice of radiation safety.

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Heavy metals

Heavy metals are generally defined as metals with relatively high densities, atomic weights, or atomic numbers.

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Henry Sampson (inventor)

Henry T. Thomas Sampson, Jr. (born in Jackson, Mississippi, in 1934, died June 4th, 2015 in Stockton, CA) was an African-American inventor, known for creating the gamma-electric cell–a device with the main goal of generating auxiliary power from the shielding of a nuclear reactor.

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Hot cell

Shielded nuclear radiation containment chambers are commonly referred to as hot cells.

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Hydrometallurgy Pilot Plant

the Hydrometallurgy Pilot Plant (HPP) is a hot cell laboratory complex, dedicated to perform bench-scale radiochemistry experiments including the separation of plutonium and uranium from the spent fuel rods of the ETRR-1 research reactor and was established in 1982.

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IMSR

The Integral Molten Salt Reactor (IMSR) is a design for a small modular reactor (SMR) that employs molten salt reactor technology, based closely on the DMSR design from Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and it incorporates elements found in the SmAHTR, a later design from the same laboratory.

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Index of physics articles (R)

The index of physics articles is split into multiple pages due to its size.

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Index of radiation articles

* absorbed dose.

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Inflatable space habitat

Inflatable habitats or expandable habitats are pressurized structures capable of supporting life in outer space whose internal volume increases after launch.

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International Atomic Energy Agency

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is an international organization that seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy, and to inhibit its use for any military purpose, including nuclear weapons.

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International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements

The International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) is a standardization body set up in 1925 by the International Congress of Radiology, originally as the X-Ray Unit Committee until 1950.

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International Commission on Radiological Protection

The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) is an independent, international, non-governmental organization, with the mission to provide recommendations and guidance on radiation protection.

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International Radiation Protection Association

The International Radiation Protection Association (IRPA) is an independent non-profit association of national and regional radiation protection societies, and its mission is to advance radiation protection throughout the world.

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Interventional oncology

Interventional oncology (abbreviated IO) is a subspecialty field of interventional radiology that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of cancer and cancer-related problems using targeted minimally invasive procedures performed under image guidance.

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INVAP

INVAP S.E. is an Argentine company that provides design, integration, construction and delivery of equipment, plants and devices.

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Ionising Radiations Regulations 1999

On 1 January 2018 the Ionising Radiations Regulations 1999 (IRR99) were superseded by the.

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Ionizing radiation

Ionizing radiation (ionising radiation) is radiation that carries enough energy to liberate electrons from atoms or molecules, thereby ionizing them.

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Isotopes of phosphorus

Although phosphorus (15P) has 23 isotopes from 24P to 46P, only one of these isotopes is stable 31P; as such, it is considered a monoisotopic element.

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Joe Wiseman Howland

Joe Wiseman Howland, M.D., Ph.D. (21 December 1908 – 12 October 1978) a pioneer researcher in radiation toxicity, health and safety.

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Jordan University of Science and Technology

The Jordan University of Science and Technology (جامعة العلوم والتكنولوجيا الأردنية Jami'at Al-Ulum wa Al-Tiknolojia Al-Urdunia), often abbreviated JUST, is a comprehensive, state-supported university located on the outskirts of Irbid, at Ar Ramtha in northern Jordan.

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Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics

The Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics is a peer-reviewed open access medical journal published by Medknow Publications on behalf of the Association of Radiation Oncology of India.

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Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology

The Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology is a quarterly peer-reviewed medical journal published by the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging that focuses entirely on technology crucial to nuclear medicine, including quality assurance, radiation safety, and clinical applications of nuclear medicine.

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Juno Radiation Vault

Juno Radiation Vault is a compartment inside the Juno spacecraft that houses much of the probe's electronics and computers, and is intended to offer increased protection of radiation to the contents as the spacecraft endures the radiation environment at planet Jupiter.

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Laboratory

A laboratory (informally, lab) is a facility that provides controlled conditions in which scientific or technological research, experiments, and measurement may be performed.

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Lancs Industries

Lancs Industries is a manufacturer of protective clothing, containments, gloveboxes, enclosures, lead shielding, and other supplies used for reducing risk and increasing safety of workers in potentially hazardous environments.

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Landesanstalt für Umwelt, Messungen und Naturschutz Baden-Württemberg

The Landesanstalt für Umwelt, Messungen und Naturschutz Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) or Baden-Württemberg State Institute for the Environment, Survey and Nature Conservation is a central institution of the German federal state of Baden-Württemberg, whose legal responsibilities lie in the fields of environmental conservation, health and safety and consumer protection and thus they support the state authorities at a technical level in nature conservation and radiation protection.

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Lauriston S. Taylor

Lauriston S. Taylor (1 June 1902 – 26 November 2004) was an American physicist known for his work in the field of radiation protection and measurement.

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Lawrence, Massachusetts

Lawrence is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States, on the Merrimack River.

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Lead

Lead is a chemical element with symbol Pb (from the Latin plumbum) and atomic number 82.

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Lead apron

A lead apron or leaded apron is a type of protective clothing that acts as a radiation shield.

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Lead glass

Lead glass, commonly called crystal, is a variety of glass in which lead replaces the calcium content of a typical potash glass.

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Lead line

Lead line ("Leed" line) may refer to.

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Lead poisoning

Lead poisoning is a type of metal poisoning caused by lead in the body.

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Lead shielding

Lead shielding refers to the use of lead as a form of radiation protection to shield people or objects from radiation so as to reduce the effective dose.

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Lead-bismuth eutectic

Lead-Bismuth Eutectic or LBE is a eutectic alloy of lead (44.5%) and bismuth (55.5%) used as a coolant in some nuclear reactors, and is a proposed coolant for the lead-cooled fast reactor, part of the Generation IV reactor initiative.

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Leonidas D. Marinelli

No description.

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Linear no-threshold model

The linear no-threshold model (LNT) is a model used in radiation protection to quantify radiation exposure and set regulatory limits.

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List of engineering branches

Engineering is the discipline and profession that applies scientific theories, mathematical methods, and empirical evidence to design, create, and analyze technological solutions cognizant of safety, human factors, physical laws, regulations, practicality, and cost.

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List of MeSH codes (G03)

The following is a list of the "G" codes for MeSH.

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List of Women in Technology International Hall of Fame inductees

The Women in Technology International Hall of Fame was established in 1996 by Women in Technology International (WITI) to honor women who contribute to the fields of science and technology.

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Low-background steel

Low-background steel is any steel produced prior to the detonation of the first atomic bombs in the 1940s and 1950s.

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Madan M. Rehani

Madan M. Rehani, PhD, is an Indian-born medical physicist.

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Marco Durante (physicist)

Marco Durante (born in 1965 in Naples, Italy) is an Italian physicist, recognized as an expert in the fields of radiobiology and medical physics in charged particle therapy.

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Median aerodynamic diameter

Median aerodynamic diameter (MAD) is one of two parameters influencing the deposition of inhaled particles, the other being the geometric standard deviation of the particle size distribution.

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Medical equipment management

Healthcare Technology Management (sometimes referred to as clinical engineering, clinical engineering management, clinical technology management, healthcare technology management, medical equipment management, biomedical maintenance, biomedical equipment management, and biomedical engineering) is a term for the professionals who manage operations, analyze and improve utilization and safety, and support servicing healthcare technology.

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Medical physics

Medical physics (also called biomedical physics, medical biophysics or applied physics in medicine) is, generally speaking, the application of physics concepts, theories and methods to medicine or healthcare.

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Metallurgical Laboratory

The Metallurgical Laboratory (or Met Lab) was a scientific laboratory at the University of Chicago that was established in February 1942 to study and use the newly discovered chemical element plutonium.

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Mexico and weapons of mass destruction

Mexico is one of the few countries which has technical capabilities to manufacture nuclear weapons.

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Miriam Posner Finkel

Miriam Dorothy (Posner) Finkel (22 January 1916 – 20 August 1999) was a radiobiologist who made significant contributions to molecular biology.

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Monte Carlo method

Monte Carlo methods (or Monte Carlo experiments) are a broad class of computational algorithms that rely on repeated random sampling to obtain numerical results.

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Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code

Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code (MCNP) is a software package for simulating nuclear processes.

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MPC&A

Material protection, control, and accounting is the process of protecting nuclear assets such as nuclear fuel and nuclear weapons.

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Munich Fire Department

The Munich Fire Department (german: Feuerwehr München) is the firefighting authority (called "Branddirektion") of the City of Munich.

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Nano electrokinetic thruster

The Nano electrokinetic thruster is a theoretical space propulsion system based on the principle of electro-osmosis (also electroosmotic flow).

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National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos"

The National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos" (NRCPS; Εθνικό Κέντρο Έρευνας Φυσικών Επιστημών (Ε.Κ.Ε.Φ.Ε.) "Δημόκριτος") is a research center in Greece, employing over 1,000 researchers, engineers, technicians and administrative personnel.

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National Commission for Radiation Protection of Ukraine

The National Commission for Radiation Protection of Ukraine (NCRPU) is a permanent independent collegial supreme scientific expert advisory and consultative body to the Verkhovna Rada (Ukrainian parliament) on matters of radiation protection and radiation safety of Ukraine.

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National Nuclear Energy Commission

The National Nuclear Energy Commission (Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear; CNEN) is the Brazilian government agency responsible for the orientation, planning, supervision, and control of Brazil's nuclear program.

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National Synchrotron Light Source

The National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) in Upton, New York is a national user research facility funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE).

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NERVA

The Nuclear Engine for Rocket Vehicle Application (NERVA) was a U.S. nuclear thermal rocket engine development program that ran for roughly two decades.

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Nested neutron spectrometer

The nested neutron spectrometer (NNS) is a tool used for neutron spectroscopy.

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Neutron activation

Neutron activation is the process in which neutron radiation induces radioactivity in materials, and occurs when atomic nuclei capture free neutrons, becoming heavier and entering excited states.

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Neutron bomb

A neutron bomb, officially defined as a type of enhanced radiation weapon (ERW), is a low yield thermonuclear weapon designed to maximize lethal neutron radiation in the immediate vicinity of the blast while minimizing the physical power of the blast itself.

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Neutron howitzer

A neutron howitzer is a neutron source that emits neutrons in a single direction.

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Neutron radiation

Neutron radiation is a form of ionizing radiation that presents as free neutrons.

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Non-ionizing radiation

Non-ionizing (or non-ionising) radiation refers to any type of electromagnetic radiation that does not carry enough energy per quantum (photon energy) to ionize atoms or molecules—that is, to completely remove an electron from an atom or molecule.

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Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority

Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority (Statens strålevern, abbreviated to NRPA) is a Norwegian public agency under the Ministry of Health and Care Services headquartered in Østerås, Bærum municipality, Greater Oslo Region.

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Nuclear decommissioning

Nuclear decommissioning is the process whereby a nuclear facility is dismantled to the point that it no longer requires measures for radiation protection.

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Nuclear engineering

Nuclear engineering is the branch of engineering concerned with the application of breaking down atomic nuclei (fission) or of combining atomic nuclei (fusion), or with the application of other sub-atomic processes based on the principles of nuclear physics.

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Nuclear fuel cycle

The nuclear fuel cycle, also called nuclear fuel chain, is the progression of nuclear fuel through a series of differing stages.

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Nuclear law

Nuclear law is the law related to the peaceful uses of nuclear science and technology.

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Nuclear pharmacy

Nuclear pharmacy, also known as radiopharmacy, involves preparation of radioactive materials for patient administration that will be used to diagnose and treat specific diseases in nuclear medicine.

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Nuclear propulsion

Nuclear propulsion includes a wide variety of propulsion methods that fulfill the promise of the Atomic Age by using some form of nuclear reaction as their primary power source.

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Nuclear reaction

In nuclear physics and nuclear chemistry, a nuclear reaction is semantically considered to be the process in which two nuclei, or else a nucleus of an atom and a subatomic particle (such as a proton, neutron, or high energy electron) from outside the atom, collide to produce one or more nuclides that are different from the nuclide(s) that began the process.

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Nuclear reactor

A nuclear reactor, formerly known as an atomic pile, is a device used to initiate and control a self-sustained nuclear chain reaction.

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Nuclear safety in the United States

Nuclear safety in the United States is governed by federal regulations issued by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC).

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Nuclear War Survival Skills

Nuclear War Survival Skills or NWSS, by Cresson Kearny, is a civil defense manual.

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Oncofertility

Oncofertility is a subfield that bridges oncology and reproductive research to explore and expand options for the reproductive future of cancer survivors.

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Opacity (optics)

Opacity is the measure of impenetrability to electromagnetic or other kinds of radiation, especially visible light.

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Organically moderated and cooled reactor

The organic moderated and cooled reactor (OCR) was an early power-reactor concept studied in the formative years of nuclear power by the United States Atomic Energy Commission and others around the world.

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Particle radiation

Particle radiation is the radiation of energy by means of fast-moving subatomic particles.

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Period 6 element

A period 6 element is one of the chemical elements in the sixth row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements, including the lanthanides.

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Phosphorus

Phosphorus is a chemical element with symbol P and atomic number 15.

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Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt

The Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) is the national metrology institute of the Federal Republic of Germany, with scientific and technical service tasks.

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Point source

A point source is a single identifiable localised source of something.

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Projectional radiography

Projectional radiography is a form of radiography and medical imaging that produces two-dimensional images by x-ray radiation.

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Protection

Protection may refer to.

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Quehanna Wild Area

Quehanna Wild Area is a wildlife area within parts of Cameron, Clearfield and Elk counties in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania; with a total area of, it covers parts of Elk and Moshannon State Forests.

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R. G. Sonkawade

R.

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Radiation burn

A radiation burn is damage to the skin or other biological tissue as an effect of radiation.

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Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act of 1968

Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act of 1968 was an amendment to the Public Health Service Act mandating performance standards for electronic products suspectible of electromagnetic radiation or radiation emissions.

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Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster

The radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster are the observed and predicted effects as a result of the release of radioactive isotopes from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant following the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.

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Radiation Exposure Monitoring

Radiation Exposure Monitoring (REM) is a framework developed by Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise (IHE), for utilizing existing technical standards, such as DICOM, to provide information about the dose delivered to patients in radiology procedures, in an interoperable format.

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Radiation hardening

Radiation hardening is the act of making electronic components and systems resistant to damage or malfunctions caused by ionizing radiation (particle radiation and high-energy electromagnetic radiation), such as those encountered in outer space and high-altitude flight, around nuclear reactors and particle accelerators, or during nuclear accidents or nuclear warfare.

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Radiation protection of patients

Patients are exposed to ionizing radiations when they undergo diagnostic examinations using x-rays or radiopharmaceuticals, therapy of cancer or benign lesions using radiations emitted by radioisotopes or those by radiation generators; and in interventional procedures using fluoroscopy.

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Radiation therapist

The Radiation Therapist, Therapeutic Radiographer or Radiotherapist is an allied health professional who works in the field of radiation oncology.

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Radioactive nanoparticle

A radioactive nanoparticle is a nanoparticle that contains radioactive materials.

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Radioactive source

A radioactive source is a known quantity of a radionuclide which emits ionizing radiation; typically one or more of the radiation types gamma rays, alpha particles, beta particles, and neutron radiation.

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Radioactive waste

Radioactive waste is waste that contains radioactive material.

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Radiobiology evidence for protons and HZE nuclei

Studies with protons and HZE nuclei of relative biological effectiveness for molecular, cellular, and tissue endpoints, including tumor induction, demonstrate risk from space radiation exposure.

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Radiochemistry

Radiochemistry is the chemistry of radioactive materials, where radioactive isotopes of elements are used to study the properties and chemical reactions of non-radioactive isotopes (often within radiochemistry the absence of radioactivity leads to a substance being described as being inactive as the isotopes are stable).

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Radioecology

Radioecology is a branch of ecology, which studies how radioactive substances interact with nature; how different mechanisms affect the substances' migration and uptake in food chains and ecosystems.

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Radiographer

Radiographers, also known as radiologic technologists, diagnostic radiographers and medical radiation technologists are healthcare professionals who specialise in the imaging of human anatomy for the diagnosis and treatment of pathology.

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Radiography

Radiography is an imaging technique using X-rays to view the internal form of an object.

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Radiological Protection Institute of Ireland

The Radiological Protection Institute of Ireland (RPII), An Institiúid Éireannach um Chosaint Raideolaíoch, was an independent public body in Ireland under the aegis of the Department of Communications, Climate Action and Environment.

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Radiology

Radiology is the science that uses medical imaging to diagnose and sometimes also treat diseases within the body.

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Radiophobia

Radiophobia is an obsessive fear of ionizing radiation, in particular, fear of X-rays.

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Radiosurgery

Radiosurgery is surgery using radiation, that is, the destruction of precisely selected areas of tissue using ionizing radiation rather than excision with a blade.

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Radiosynthesis (metabolism)

Radiosynthesis is the theorized capture and metabolism, by living organisms, of energy from ionizing radiation, analogously to photosynthesis.

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Robert Morgan Fink

Robert Morgan Fink (1915-2012) was an American biochemist who was a professor at University of California, Los Angeles.

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Robert Spencer Stone

Robert Spencer Stone (5 June 1895 – 18 December 1966) was a Canadian American and pioneer in radiology, radiation therapy and radiation protection.

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Robley D. Evans (physicist)

Robley Dunglison Evans (18 May 1907 – 31 December 1995) was an American physicist.

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Roentgen (unit)

The roentgen or röntgen (symbol R) is a legacy unit of measurement for the exposure of X-rays and gamma rays.

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Rolf Michel

Rolf Michel (* January 21, 1945 Tambach-Dietharz) is a German physicist.

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Rosatom

Rosatom, (r) stylized as ROSATOM and also known as the Rosatom State Nuclear Energy Corporation, the State Atomic Energy Corporation Rosatom, or the Rosatom State Corporation, is a Russian state corporation headquartered in Moscow that specializes in nuclear energy.

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Saskatchewan Accelerator Laboratory

The above-ground SAL building, seen around 1994. The Saskatchewan Accelerator Laboratory (SAL) was a linear accelerator facility on the University of Saskatchewan campus in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.

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SCK•CEN

SCK • CEN (Studiecentrum voor Kernenergie; Centre d'Étude de l'énergie Nucléaire) is the Belgian nuclear research centre located in Mol, Belgium, more specific near the township of Donk.

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Semiconductor detector

This article is about ionizing radiation detectors.

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Serpentinite

Serpentinite is a rock composed of one or more serpentine group minerals, the name originating from the similarity of the texture of the rock to that of the skin of a snake.

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Shelter in place

Shelter in place (also known as a Shelter In-Place Warning, SAME code SPW) is to seek safety within the building one already occupies, rather than to evacuate the area or seek a community emergency shelter.

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Shield (disambiguation)

A shield is a hand-held protective device meant to intercept attacks.

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Shoe-fitting fluoroscope

Shoe-fitting fluoroscopes, also sold under the names X-ray Shoe Fitter, Pedoscope and Foot-o-scope, were X-ray fluoroscope machines installed in shoe stores from the 1920s until about the 1970s in the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, South Africa, Germany and Switzerland.

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Shot (pellet)

Shot is a collective term for small balls or pellets, often made of lead.

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Sievert

The sievert (symbol: SvNot be confused with the sverdrup or the svedberg, two non-SI units that sometimes use the same symbol.) is a derived unit of ionizing radiation dose in the International System of Units (SI) and is a measure of the health effect of low levels of ionizing radiation on the human body.

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Society for Radiological Protection

The Society for Radiological Protection is the leading UK professional body promoting learning and skills in the field of radiation protection.

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Space elevator safety

There are risks associated with never-done-before technologies like the construction and operation of a space elevator.

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Space Launch System

The Space Launch System (SLS) is an American Space Shuttle-derived heavy-lift expendable launch vehicle.

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Space station

A space station, also known as an orbital station or an orbital space station, is a spacecraft capable of supporting crewmembers, which is designed to remain in space (most commonly as an artificial satellite in low Earth orbit) for an extended period of time and for other spacecraft to dock.

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Spaceflight radiation carcinogenesis

Astronauts are exposed to approximately 50-2,000 millisieverts (mSv) while on six-month-duration missions to the International Space Station (ISS), the moon and beyond.

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State Nuclear Power Safety Inspectorate of Lithuania

State Nuclear Power Safety Inspectorate (VATESI) is the state regulator for nuclear energy in the Republic of Lithuania.

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Steel

Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon and other elements.

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Strontium aluminate

Strontium aluminate (SRA, SrAl, 24) is a solid odorless, nonflammable, pale yellow, monoclinic crystalline powder, heavier than water.

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Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) was a neutrino observatory located 2100 m underground in Vale's Creighton Mine in Sudbury, Ontario, Canada.

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Survey meter

Survey meters in radiation protection are hand-held ionising radiation measurement instruments used to check such as personnel, equipment and the environment for radioactive contamination and ambient radiation.

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Swedish Radiation Safety Authority

The Swedish Radiation Safety Authority (Strålsäkerhetsmyndigheten) is the Swedish government authority responsible for radiation protection.

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Synchrotron Radiation Center

The Synchrotron Radiation Center (SRC), located in Stoughton, Wisconsin and operated by the University of Wisconsin–Madison, was a national synchrotron light source research facility, operating the Aladdin storage ring.

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TAE Technologies

TAE Technologies (formerly Tri Alpha Energy) is an American company based in Foothill Ranch, California, created for the development of aneutronic fusion power.

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Technetium

Technetium is a chemical element with symbol Tc and atomic number 43.

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Technetium-99m

Technetium-99m is a metastable nuclear isomer of technetium-99 (itself an isotope of technetium), symbolized as 99mTc, that is used in tens of millions of medical diagnostic procedures annually, making it the most commonly used medical radioisotope.

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The Boring Company

The Boring Company is an infrastructure and tunnel construction company founded by Elon Musk in 2016.

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Therac-25

The Therac-25 was a radiation therapy machine produced by Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL) in 1982 after the Therac-6 and Therac-20 units (the earlier units had been produced in partnership with CGR of France).

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Thermal-neutron reactor

A thermal-neutron reactor is a nuclear reactor that uses slow or thermal neutrons.

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Thyroid blocker

Potassium iodide (KI) and potassium iodate (KIO3) are called thyroid blockers when used in radiation protection.

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Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations

Title 40 is a part of the United States Code of Federal Regulations.

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Transmittance

Transmittance of the surface of a material is its effectiveness in transmitting radiant energy.

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Tungsten

Tungsten, or wolfram, is a chemical element with symbol W (referring to wolfram) and atomic number 74.

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United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation

The United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) was set up by resolution of the United Nations General Assembly in 1955.

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Unsealed source radiotherapy

Unsealed source radiotherapy (also known as unsealed source radionuclide therapy (RNT) or molecular radiotherapy) uses radioactive substances called radiopharmaceuticals to treat medical conditions, particularly cancer.

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Uranium dioxide

Uranium dioxide or uranium(IV) oxide (2), also known as urania or uranous oxide, is an oxide of uranium, and is a black, radioactive, crystalline powder that naturally occurs in the mineral uraninite.

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Uranium-238

Uranium-238 (238U or U-238) is the most common isotope of uranium found in nature, with a relative abundance of 99%.

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UrQMD

UrQMD (Ultra relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics) is a fully integrated Monte Carlo simulation package for Proton+Proton, Proton+nucleus and nucleus+nucleus interactions.

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Vilma Rose Hunt

Vilma Rose Hunt (November 15, 1926 – December 29, 2012) was a scientist noted for research into radiation and workplace safety for women.

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Walter Zinn

Walter Henry Zinn (December 10, 1906 – February 14, 2000) was a nuclear physicist who was the first director of the Argonne National Laboratory from 1946 to 1956.

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Washington State University Reactor

The Washington State University Reactor (WSUR) is housed in the Washington State University Nuclear Radiation Center (WSUNRC), and was completed in 1961.

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Whole-body counting

In health physics, whole-body counting refers to the measurement of radioactivity within the human body.

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William Herbert Rollins

William Herbert Rollins is a forgotten American scientist and dentist.

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World Nuclear Association

The World Nuclear Association (WNA) is the international organization that promotes nuclear power and supports the companies that comprise the global nuclear industry.

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X-ray

X-rays make up X-radiation, a form of electromagnetic radiation.

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X-ray detector

X-ray detectors are devices used to measure the flux, spatial distribution, spectrum, and/or other properties of X-rays.

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X-ray image intensifier

An x-ray image intensifier (XRII) is an image intensifier that converts x-rays into visible light at higher intensity than mere fluorescent screens do.

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X. George Xu

Xie George Xu (born June 13, 1962 in Wuhan, China) is currently a Professor and Head of the at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), Troy, New York.

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1984 Moroccan radiation accident

In March 1984, a serious radiation accident occurred in Morocco, where eight people died from pulmonary hemorrhaging caused by overexposure to radiation from a lost iridium-192 source.

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Redirects here:

Biological shield, Ionising Radiation Protection, Ionising radiation protection, Radiation Protection, Radiation safety, Radiation shield, Radiation shielding, Radiological protection.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_protection

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