Communication

405 relations: 'Abd al-Rahman ibn 'Awf, Aban bin Uthman bin Affan, Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr, Abdallah ibn Amir, Abdallah ibn Sa'd, Abdul-Muttalib, Abdullah ibn Masud, Abdullah ibn Saba', Abrahamic religions, Abu al-'As ibn Umayyah, Abu Bakr, Abu Darda, Abu Dhar al-Ghifari, Abu Hafsa Yazid, Abu Hurairah, Abu Musa al-Ash'ari, Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah, Abu Yaqub Yusuf an-Nasr, Abu'l-A'war, Affan, Affan ibn Abi al-'As, Ahruf, Aisha, Al-Adiyat, Al-Ash'ath ibn Qays, Al-Baqi', Al-Farq bayn al-Firaq, Al-Fil, Al-Hakam ibn Abi al-'As, Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, Al-Masjid an-Nabawi, Al-Qaqa ibn Amr al-Tamimi, Al-Rabi ibn Abu al-Huqayq, Al-Walid ibn Uqba, Algeria–Greece relations, Ali, Ali as Caliph, Ali Hujwiri, Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin, Ali-Illahism, Alqama ibn Qays, Amir ibn Abd al-Qays, Ammar ibn Yasir, Anatolian rug, Ansar (Islam), Ansar (Sudan), Anti-Iranian sentiment, Aqaba, Aqeel ibn Abi Talib, Arab–Byzantine wars, ..., Arabian Peninsula, Arabic literature, Arabs in India, Arminiya, Artvin, Arwa bint Kurayz, Asim ibn Thabit, Assassination of Ali, Asyah, Axum, Bahira, Balkh, Banu Kalb, Banu Kilab, Banu Umayya, Bashir ibn Sa'ad, Basra, Battle of al-Qādisiyyah, Battle of Autas, Battle of Badr, Battle of Bishapur (643–644), Battle of Hamra al-Asad, Battle of Marj Rahit (684), Battle of Siffin, Battle of Sufetula, Battle of the Camel, Battle of the Masts, Battle of Tours, Battle of Yarmouk, Bayt al-mal, Beit Al Quran, Biblical people in Islam, Bilal ibn Rabah, Biographical evaluation, Birmingham Quran manuscript, Brotherhood among the Sahabah, Byzantine Empire under the Heraclian dynasty, Caliphate, Caliphs and Kings, Caucasian Albania, Chaar Yaar, Chams, Chindasuinth, Constans II, Criticism of Muhammad, Criticism of Twelver Shia Islam, Darul Uloom Bolton, Demolition of al-Baqi, Depictions of Muhammad, Dhat al-Riqa, Dhu al-Hijjah, Differences between Sunni, Shia and Ibadi Islam, Diplomatic career of Muhammad, Early African Church, Early Middle Ages, Early Quranic manuscripts, Egypt in the Middle Ages, Election of Uthman, Emirate of Sicily, Etymology of Lahore, Expedition of Dhat al-Riqa, Expedition of Surad ibn Abdullah, Fadak, Family tree of Abu Bakr, Family tree of Muhammad, Family tree of Uthman, Fatimah, Fatimah bint Amr, Fayruz al-Daylami, First Fitna, Foreign relations of China, Gender and religion, Genealogy of Khadijah's daughters, Ghumdan Palace, Golan Heights, Gold dinar, Gregory the Patrician, Habib ibn Maslama al-Fihri, Hadith, Hadith of Muhammad's inheritance, Hadith of Najd, Hadith of the ten with glad tidings of paradise, Hadith studies, Hadith terminology, Hadrat, Hafar Al-Batin, Hafiz (Quran), Hafizi-Isma'ili family tree, Hafsa bint Umar, Hagia Sophia, Hasan ibn Ali, Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah, Hashmi, Hayreddin Barbarossa, Hejaz, Hijri year, History of Balochistan, History of Islam, History of Islam in China, History of Islam in southern Italy, History of Islamic Tripolitania and Cyrenaica, History of Libya, History of Saudi Arabia, History of Shia Islam, History of the Prophets and Kings, History of the Quran, History of Turkmenistan, Hopa, Hormuzan, Husayn ibn Ali, Ibadi, Ibn Battuta, Ibn Sirin, Ibn Taymiyyah, Ibrahim an-Nazzam, Ijma, Index of Byzantine Empire-related articles, Index of Islam-related articles, Isha prayer, Islam, Islam during the Tang dynasty, Islam in Africa, Islam in China, Islam in Georgia (country), Islam in Turkmenistan, Islam in Vietnam, Islamic calendar, Islamic dynasties of Iran, Islamic missionary activity, Islamic Principlism in Iran, Islamic schools and branches, Islamic socialism, Islamism, Isma'ilism, Izalatul Khafa'an Khilafatul Khulafa, Izzat Darwaza, Jalaladdin Davani, Jarir ibn Atiyah, Jawn bin Huwai, Jeddah, Johfiyeh, Jondab-e-asadi, June 17, June 20, Ka’b al-Ahbar, Khadija bint Khuwaylid, Khalid ibn al-Walid, Khawarij, Khuzaima ibn Thabit, Khwaja Abdullah Ansari, Kufa, Kumayl ibn Ziyad, Layla al-Akhyaliyya, List of 7th-century religious leaders, List of Arabs, List of assassinations in Asia, List of biographies of Muhammad, List of book-burning incidents, List of caliphal governors of Medina, List of Caliphs, List of coupled cousins, List of early Hindu-Muslim military conflicts in the Indian subcontinent, List of extinct Shia sects, List of governors of Islamic Egypt, List of invasions, List of monarchs of Persia, List of most popular given names, List of Muslim military leaders, List of naval battles, List of people who memorized the Quran, List of Sahabah, List of state leaders in 1086, List of state leaders in the 7th century, List of terrorist incidents in January–June 2014, List of tombs and mausoleums, Lubaba bint al-Harith, Ma malakat aymanukum, Madonna (art), Madrasa El Mountaciriya, Madrasa of Zawiya El Bokria, Malik al-Ashtar, Malik ibn Anas, Maria Palaiologina, Marital life of Fatimah, Martyrdom in Iran, Marwan I, Maslama ibn Mukhallad al-Ansari, Maytham al-Tammar, Mecca, Medicine in the medieval Islamic world, Medina, Middle Eastern empires, Migration to Abyssinia, Mihrab, Military campaigns under Caliph Uthman, Military career of Ali, Military career of Muhammad, Military history of Ray, Iran, Miracles of Muhammad, Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan, Modern gold dinar, Muawiyah bin Al Mugheerah, Muawiyah I, Muhajirun, Muhammad, Muhammad Husayn Haykal, Muhammad ibn Abdullah al-Aftah, Muhammad ibn Abi Hudhayfa, Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr, Muhammad ibn Maslamah, Muhammad in Islam, Muhammad in Medina, Muhammad's visit to Ta'if, Muhsin ibn Ali, Mus'haf, Musa bin Nusayr, Mus‘ab ibn 'Umair, Muslim conquest of Armenia, Muslim conquest of Kerman, Muslim conquest of Northern Persia, Muslim conquest of Pars, Muslim conquest of Persia, Muslim conquest of Sistan, Muslim conquest of the Levant, Muslim conquest of the Maghreb, Muslim conquests of Afghanistan, Na'ila bint al-Furafisa, Nahj al-Balagha, Naila (name), Naqshbandi Golden Chain, Nayla, New Mosque (Istanbul), Omar (TV series), Ompora, Oriental rug, Osman (name), Osmani, Ostikan, Outline of Islam, Pars (Sasanian province), Persian carpet, Pledge of the Tree, Qadi Thanaullah Panipati, Qal'at Najm, Qays, Qira'at, Quran, Quraysh, Rafida, Rahmatullah Kairanawi, Raid on Dhu Amarr, Ramla bint Abi Sufyan, Rashidun, Rashidun Caliphate, Religion in Eritrea, Religion in Georgia (country), Religion in Northern Cyprus, Ruqayyah bint Muhammad, Sa'id ibn al-'As, Sabit Damulla Abdulbaki, Safavid conversion of Iran to Shia Islam, Safiyya bint Huyayy, Safwan ibn Muattal, Said ibn al-Musayyib, Saidina Uthman Bin Affan Mosque, Salman ibn Rabiah, Salman the Persian, Samarkand Kufic Quran, Saqifah, Satanic Verses, Sbeitla, Schism, Schools of Islamic theology, Seal of Muhammad, Second migration to Abyssinia, Sectarian violence, Shahrbanu, Shaikh of Uttar Pradesh, Shaikhs in South Asia, Sheikh Mustafa, Shia Islam, Shia view of Aisha, Shia view of Ali, Shia view of the Quran, Shia view of Umar, Shurta, Sibt ibn al-Jawzi, Sicily, Siege of Constantinople (674–678), Siege of Ctesiphon (637), Siege of Uthman, Silwan, Sino-Arab relations, SMKA Sabak Bernam, Spread of Islam in Indonesia, Succession to Muhammad, Suhayb ar-Rumi, Sunni Islam, Sunni view of Umar, Syrians, Ta'if, Tabarra, Taifa of Valencia, Tang dynasty, Taqi al-Din al-Nabhani, Tashkent, Tashkent Islamic University, Textual Criticism and Qur’ān Manuscripts, The event of Ghadir Khumm, The Four Books, The Message (1976 film), The Muslim 100, Timeline of 6th-century Muslim history, Timeline of 7th-century Muslim history, Timeline of Ali's life, Timeline of Medina, Timeline of the Sasanian Empire, Timing of Sahabah becoming Muslims, Topkapı Palace, Topkapi manuscript, Twelver, Ubay ibn Ka'b, Umar, Umar at Fatimah's house, Umayyad Caliphate, Umayyad conquest of Hispania, Umayyad family tree, Umm Ayman, Umm Hakim bint Abdul Muttalib, Umm Kulthum bint Muhammad, Umm Kulthum bint Uqba, Umm Sulaym bint Milhan, United Submitters International, Uqba ibn Abu Mu'ayt, Urwah ibn Zubayr, Uthman (name), War of succession, Women in Islam, Wudu, Zafar Khan (Indian general), Zaidiyyah, Zakat, Zayd ibn Harithah, Zayd ibn Thabit, Zubayr ibn al-Awam, 1st millennium, 4, 577, 644, 646, 651, 652, 656, 7th century, 7th century in poetry. 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'Abd al-Rahman ibn 'Awf

'Abd al-Rahman ibn 'Awf (عبد الرحمن بن عوف) (c.581 CE – c.654 CE) was one of the companions of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

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Aban bin Uthman bin Affan

Aban bin Uthman bin Affan (died 105 A.H / 723 CE) was a Muhaddith, Faqīh, Mufassir, and Muslim historian.

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Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr

`Abd Allah al-Zubayr or ibn Zubayr (عبد الله بن الزبير ‘Abdallāh ibn az-Zubayr; 624–692) was an Arab sahabi whose father was Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, and whose mother was Asma bint Abi Bakr, daughter of the first Caliph Abu Bakr.

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Abdallah ibn Amir

Abdallah ibn Amir (عبدالله بن عامر) was a governor of Busra (647–656) and a notably successful military general during the reign of Rashidun Caliph Uthman ibn Affan.

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Abdallah ibn Sa'd

ʿAbdallāh ibn Saʿd ibn Abī Sarḥ; (عبدالله بن سعد بن أبي السرح) was the milk brother of Uthman.

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Abdul-Muttalib

Shaybah ibn Hāshim c. 497 – 578), better known as ‘Abdul-Muṭṭalib, since he was raised by his uncle Muṭṭalib, was the grandfather of Islamic prophet Muḥammad.

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Abdullah ibn Masud

ʿAbdallāh ibn Masʿūd (عبدالله بن مسعود; c.594-c.653) was a companion of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad.

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Abdullah ibn Saba'

Abdullah ibn Sabaʾ al-Ḥimyarī (or ibn Sabāʾ, also sometimes called ibn al-Sawdāʾ, ibn Wahb, or ibn Ḥarb) was a dubious 7th-century figure in Islamic history who is often associated with a group of followers called the Sabaʾiyya (سبئية).

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Abrahamic religions

The Abrahamic religions, also referred to collectively as Abrahamism, are a group of Semitic-originated religious communities of faith that claim descent from the practices of the ancient Israelites and the worship of the God of Abraham.

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Abu al-'As ibn Umayyah

Abu al'As ibn Umayya was the son of Umayya ibn Abd Shams.

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Abu Bakr

Abū Bakr aṣ-Ṣiddīq ‘Abdallāh bin Abī Quḥāfah (أبو بكر الصديق عبد الله بن أبي قحافة; 573 CE23 August 634 CE), popularly known as Abu Bakr (أبو بكر), was a senior companion (Sahabi) and—through his daughter Aisha—the father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Abu Bakr became the first openly declared Muslim outside Muhammad's family.Muhammad Mustafa Al-A'zami (2003), The History of The Qur'anic Text: From Revelation to Compilation: A Comparative Study with the Old and New Testaments, p.26, 59. UK Islamic Academy.. Abu Bakr served as a trusted advisor to Muhammad. During Muhammad's lifetime, he was involved in several campaigns and treaties.Tabqat ibn al-Saad book of Maghazi, page no:62 He ruled over the Rashidun Caliphate from 632 to 634 CE when he became the first Muslim Caliph following Muhammad's death. As caliph, Abu Bakr succeeded to the political and administrative functions previously exercised by Muhammad. He was commonly known as The Truthful (الصديق). Abu Bakr's reign lasted for 2 years, 2 months, 2 weeks and 1 day ending with his death after an illness.

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Abu Darda

Abu Darda was one of the companions of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

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Abu Dhar al-Ghifari

Abū Dharr al-Ghifari al-Kinani (أبو ذر الغفاري الكناني.), also Jundab ibn Junādah (جُنْدَب ابْنِ جُنَادَة), was the fourth or fifth person converting to Islam, and a Muhajirun.

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Abu Hafsa Yazid

Abu Hafsa Yazid (translit) was a mawla, or servant, of the Umayyad Caliph Marwan ibn al-Hakkam (r. 684–685).

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Abu Hurairah

Abū Hurayrah al-Dawsiyy al-Zahrāniyy (أبو هريرة الدوسي الزهراني‎; 603–681), often spelled Abu Hurairah, was one of the sahabah (companions) of Muhammad and, according to Sunni Islam, the most prolific narrator of hadith.

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Abu Musa al-Ash'ari

Abu Musa Abd Allah ibn Qays al-Ash'ari, better known as Abu Musa al-Ash'ari (أبو موسى الأشعري) (d. ca. 662 or 672) was a companion of Muhammad and an important figure in early Islamic history.

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Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah

Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah, fully Abū ‘Ubaydah ‘Āmir ibn ‘Abdillāh ibn al-Jarāḥ (أبو عبيدة عامر بن عبدالله بن الجراح; 583–639 CE), was one of companions of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

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Abu Yaqub Yusuf an-Nasr

Abu Yaqub Yusuf an-Nasr (أَبُو يُوسُف يَعقُوب الناصر abū yūsuf ya`qūb an-nāṣr) (died 13 May 1307) was a Marinid ruler of Morocco.

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Abu'l-A'war

Abūʾl-Aʿwar ʿAmr ibn Sufyān ibn ʿAbd Shams al-Sulamī (أبو الأعور عمرو بن سُفيان بن عبد شمس السلمي), identified with the Abulathar or Aboubacharos (Ἀβουλαθάρ, Ἀβουβάχαρος) of the Byzantine sources (fl. 629–669), was an Arab admiral and general, serving in the armies of the Rashidun caliphs Abu Bakr (r. 632–634), Umar (r. 634–644) and Uthman (r. 644–656) and the Muslim governor of Syria and later Umayyad caliph, Mu'awiyah I (r. 661–680).

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Affan

Affan is an Asian name that may refer to.

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Affan ibn Abi al-'As

Affan ibn Abi al-As is the ancestor of a Sahaba.

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Ahruf

According to hadith literature, the Quran is revealed in seven Ahruf (the plural of harf).

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Aisha

‘Ā’ishah bint Abī Bakr (613/614 – 678 CE;عائشة بنت أبي بكر or عائشة, transliteration: ‘Ā’ishah, also transcribed as A'ishah, Aisyah, Ayesha, A'isha, Aishat, Aishah, or Aisha) was one of Muhammad's wives.

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Al-Adiyat

Sūrat Al-ʿĀdiyāt (سورة العاديات, "The Courser, The Chargers") is the 100th sura of the Qur'an with 11 verses (ayat).

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Al-Ash'ath ibn Qays

Al-Ash'ath ibn Qays(d. 40 AH (about 661 CE)) was the chief of Kindah tribe of Yemen.

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Al-Baqi'

Jannaṫ al-Baqī‘ (lit) is a cemetery in Medina, the Hijazi region of present-day Saudi Arabia.

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Al-Farq bayn al-Firaq

Al-Farq bayn al-Firaq is a book by the Shafi'i scholar Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi (d. 1037 CE) outlining the doctrinal positions of various sects and schisms in Islam.

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Al-Fil

Sūrat al-Fīl (سورة الفيل, "Chapter of the Elephant") is the 105th chapter (surah) of the Quran.

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Al-Hakam ibn Abi al-'As

Al-Hakam ibn Abi al-`As ibn Umayyah (/ ALA-LC: al-Ḥakam bin Abī al-‘As) was the father of the Umayyad Caliph Marwan I, and an uncle of Uthman.

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Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah

Abū ʿAlī Manṣūr (13 August 985 – 13 February 1021), better known by his regnal title al-Ḥākim bi-Amr Allāh (الحاكم بأمر الله; literally "Ruler by God's Command"), was the sixth Fatimid caliph and 16th Ismaili imam (996–1021).

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Al-Masjid an-Nabawi

The Prophet's Mosque (Classical ٱلْـمَـسْـجِـدُ ٱلـنَّـبَـوِيّ, Al-Masjidun-Nabawiyy; Modern Standard ٱلْـمَـسْـجِـدْ اَلـنَّـبَـوِي, Al-Masjid An-Nabawī) is a mosque established and originally built by the Islamic prophet Muhammad, situated in the city of Medina in the Hejazi region of Saudi Arabia.

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Al-Qaqa ibn Amr al-Tamimi

Al-Qa'qa' ibn 'Amr ibn Malik al Tamimi (القعقاع بن عمرو بن مالك التميمي al-Qaʿqāʿ ibn ʿAmr ibn Mālik al-Tamīmī) was a man of Banu Tamim.

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Al-Rabi ibn Abu al-Huqayq

Ar-Rabī' bin Abī 'l-Huqayq (الربيع بن أبي الحقيق) was a Jewish poet of the Banu al-Nadir in Medina, who flourished shortly before the Hegira (622).

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Al-Walid ibn Uqba

Walid ibn Uqba (وليد بن عقبة) was one of the companions of Muhammad.

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Algeria–Greece relations

Algerian-Greek relations date back for more than 2000 years.

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Ali

Ali (ʿAlī) (15 September 601 – 29 January 661) was the cousin and the son-in-law of Muhammad, the last prophet of Islam.

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Ali as Caliph

Ali was the caliph between 656 and 661 CE, one of the hardest periods in Muslim history, coinciding with the first Muslim civil war.

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Ali Hujwiri

Abu ’l-Ḥasan ʿAlī b. ʿUthmān b. ʿAlī al-Ghaznawī al-Jullābī al-Hujwīrī (c. 1009-1072/77), known as ʿAlī al-Hujwīrī or al-Hujwīrī (also spelt Hajweri, Hajveri, or Hajvery) for short, or reverentially as Shaykh Syed ʿAlī al-Hujwīrī or as Dātā Ganj Bakhsh by Muslims of the Indian subcontinent, was an 11th-century Ghaznian-Persian Sunni Muslim mystic, theologian, and preacher from what is now Afghanistan who became famous for composing the Kashf al-maḥjūb (Unveiling of the Hidden), which is considered the "earliest formal treatise" on Sufism in Persian.

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Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin

Ali ibn Husayn (علي بن الحسين) known as Zayn al-Abidin (the adornment of the worshippers) and Imam al-Sajjad (The Prostrating Imam), was the fourth Shia Imam, after his father Husayn, his uncle Hasan, and his grandfather Ali.

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Ali-Illahism

Ali Illahism (علی‌اللّهی) is a name attributed to a syncretic religion which has been practiced in parts of Iranian Luristan, Pakistan, and India which combines elements of Shia Islam with older religions.

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Alqama ibn Qays

Alqama ibn Qays al-Nakha'i (d.) was a well-known scholar from among the taba'een and pupil of Abd-Allah ibn Mas'ud, who called him the most erudite of his disciples.

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Amir ibn Abd al-Qays

Amir ibn Abd al-Qays (d. ca. 661–680) was a tabi`i of Basra who died at Damascus, where he had become famous within the Muslim community for his austere and eloquent speeches.

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Ammar ibn Yasir

ʻAmmār ibn Yāsir ibn ʿĀmir ibn Mālik Abū al-Yaqzān (عمار بن یاسر) was one of the Muhajirun in the history of Islam, Islam Times, retrieved on 13 Apr 2014 and, for his dedicated devotion to Islam's cause, is considered to be one of the most loyal and beloved companions of Muhammad and ‘Ali; thus, he occupies a position of the highest prominence in Islam.

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Anatolian rug

Anatolian rug is a term of convenience, commonly used today to denote rugs and carpets woven in Anatolia (or Asia minor) and its adjacent regions.

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Ansar (Islam)

Ansar (الأنصار, "The Helpers") is an Islamic term for the local inhabitants of Medina who took the Islamic Prophet Muhammad and his followers (the Muhajirun) into their homes when they emigrated from Mecca (hijra).

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Ansar (Sudan)

The Ansar (أنصار), or followers of the Mahdi, is a Sufi religious movement in the Sudan whose followers are disciples of Muhammad Ahmad (12 August 1844 – 22 June 1885), the self-proclaimed Mahdi.

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Anti-Iranian sentiment

Anti-Iranian sentiment also known as Anti-Persian sentiment, Persophobia, or IranophobiaRam, H. (2009): Iranophobia: The Logic of an Israeli Obsession, Stanford University Press, refers to feelings and expression of hostility, hatred, discrimination, or prejudice towards Iran (Persia) and its culture, and towards persons based on their association with Iran and Iranian culture.

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Aqaba

Aqaba (العقبة) is the only coastal city in Jordan and the largest and most populous city on the Gulf of Aqaba.

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Aqeel ibn Abi Talib

Aqeel ibn Abi Talib (عقيل بن أبي طالب) was a companion and first cousin of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

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Arab–Byzantine wars

The Arab–Byzantine wars were a series of wars between the mostly Arab Muslims and the East Roman or Byzantine Empire between the 7th and 11th centuries AD, started during the initial Muslim conquests under the expansionist Rashidun and Umayyad caliphs in the 7th century and continued by their successors until the mid-11th century.

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Arabian Peninsula

The Arabian Peninsula, simplified Arabia (شِبْهُ الْجَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّة, ‘Arabian island’ or جَزِيرَةُ الْعَرَب, ‘Island of the Arabs’), is a peninsula of Western Asia situated northeast of Africa on the Arabian plate.

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Arabic literature

Arabic literature (الأدب العربي / ALA-LC: al-Adab al-‘Arabī) is the writing, both prose and poetry, produced by writers in the Arabic language.

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Arabs in India

A small but recognizable people with Arab origins have over time settled in the India.

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Arminiya

Arminiya, also known as the Ostikanate of Arminiya (Արմինիա ոստիկանություն, Arminia vostikanut'yun), Emirate of Armenia (إمارة أرمينيا, imārat Arminiya), was a political and geographic designation given by the Muslim Arabs to the lands of Greater Armenia, Caucasian Iberia, and Caucasian Albania, following their conquest of these regions in the 7th century.

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Artvin

Artvin (ართვინი,; Laz: ართვინი Artvini, Armenian: Արդվին Ardvin) is a city in northeastern Turkey about 30 km inland from the Black Sea.

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Arwa bint Kurayz

Arwa bint Kurayz (أروى بنت كريز) was the mother of Uthman ibn Affan, a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and the third of the Sunni Rashidun or "Rightly Guided Caliphs".

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Asim ibn Thabit

Asim ibn Thabit (عاصم بن ثابت) was one of the Ansar, a person belonging to one of the first generations of Muslims and who helped Muhammad after his migration to Medina.

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Assassination of Ali

Ali ibn Abi Talib, the fourth (last) Rashidun caliph and first Imam was assassinated by a Kharijite called Ibn Muljam on 26 January 661 at the Great Mosque of Kufa, in present-day Iraq.

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Asyah

Asyah (Al-Asyeah or Asyeah Arabic: الأسياح) is a Saudi Arabian town in Al Qassim Province.

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Axum

Axum or Aksum (ኣኽሱም, አክሱም) is a city in the northern part of Ethiopia.

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Bahira

Bahira (بحيرى, ܒܚܝܪܐ), or Sergius the Monk to the Latin West, was an Assyrian or Arab Arian, Nestorian or possibly Gnostic Nasorean monk who, according to Islamic tradition, foretold to the adolescent Muhammad his future as a prophet.

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Balkh

Balkh (Pashto and بلخ; Ancient Greek and Βάχλο Bakhlo) is a town in the Balkh Province of Afghanistan, about northwest of the provincial capital, Mazar-e Sharif, and some south of the Amu Darya river and the Uzbekistan border.

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Banu Kalb

The Banu Kalb or Kalb ibn Wabara was an Arab tribe.

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Banu Kilab

Banu Kilab (/ALA-LC: Banū Kilāb) was an Arab tribe that dominated central Arabia during the late pre-Islamic era.

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Banu Umayya

The Banu Umayya (بنو أمية), also known as the Umayyads (الأمويون / بنو أمية al-Umawiyyun), were a clan of the Quraysh tribe descended from Umayya ibn Abd Shams.

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Bashir ibn Sa'ad

Bashir ibn Sa'ad was one of the companions of Muhammad.

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Basra

Basra (البصرة al-Baṣrah), is an Iraqi city located on the Shatt al-Arab between Kuwait and Iran.

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Battle of al-Qādisiyyah

The Battle of al-Qādisiyyah (معركة القادسيّة; transliteration, Ma'rakatu al-Qādisiyyah; alternative spellings: Qadisiyya, Qadisiyyah, Kadisiya, Ghadesiyeh, نبرد قادسیه; transliteration: Nabard-e Qādsieh), fought in 636, was a decisive battle between the Arab Muslim army and the Sassanid Persian army during the first period of Muslim expansion.

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Battle of Autas

The Battle of Autas or Awtas.

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Battle of Badr

The Battle of Badr (غزوة بدر), fought on Tuesday, 13 March 624 CE (17 Ramadan, 2 AH in the Islamic calendar) in the Hejaz region of western Arabia (present-day Saudi Arabia), was a key battle in the early days of Islam and a turning point in Muhammad's struggle with his opponents among the Quraish in Mecca.

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Battle of Bishapur (643–644)

The Battle of Bishapur took place during the Muslim conquest of Fars, a province of Persia, in the seventh century AD.

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Battle of Hamra al-Asad

The Battle of Hamra al-Assad (غزوة حمراء الأسد), was a Ghazawat, a battle in which the Islamic prophet Muhammad took part.

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Battle of Marj Rahit (684)

The Battle of Marj Rahit (معركة مرج راهط, Yawm Marj Rāhiṭ) was one of the early battles of the Second Islamic Civil War.

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Battle of Siffin

The Battle of Siffin (وقعة صفين; May–July 657 occurred during the First Fitna, or first Muslim civil war, with the main engagement taking place from July 26 to July 28. It was fought between Ali ibn Abi Talib who ruled as the Fourth Caliph and Muawiyah I, on the banks of the Euphrates river, in what is now Raqqa, Syria.

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Battle of Sufetula

The Battle of Sufetula took place in 647 between the Arab Muslim forces of the Rashidun Caliphate and the Byzantine Exarchate of Africa.

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Battle of the Camel

The Battle of the Camel, sometimes called the Battle of Jamal or the Battle of Bassorah, took place at Basra, Iraq on.

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Battle of the Masts

The Battle of the Masts (Arabic: معركة ذات الصواري, romanized Ma‘rakat Dhāt al-Ṣawārī) or Battle of Phoenix was a crucial naval battle fought in 654 (A.H. 34) between the Muslim Arabs, led by Abu'l-Awar and the Byzantine fleet under the personal command of Emperor Constans II.

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Battle of Tours

The Battle of Tours (10 October 732) – also called the Battle of Poitiers and, by Arab sources, the Battle of the Palace of the Martyrs (Ma'arakat Balāṭ ash-Shuhadā’) – was fought by Frankish and Burgundian forces under Charles Martel against an army of the Umayyad Caliphate led by Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi, Governor-General of al-Andalus.

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Battle of Yarmouk

The Battle of Yarmouk was a major battle between the army of the Byzantine Empire and the Muslim Arab forces of the Rashidun Caliphate.

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Bayt al-mal

Bayt al-mal (بيت المال) is an Arabic term that is translated as "House of money" or "House of Wealth." Historically, it was a financial institution responsible for the administration of taxes in Islamic states, particularly in the early Islamic Caliphate.

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Beit Al Quran

Beit Al Qur'an (بيت القرآن, meaning: the House of Qur'an) is a multi-purpose complex dedicated to the Islamic arts and is located in Hoora, Bahrain.

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Biblical people in Islam

There are many Biblical figures which the Qur'an names.

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Bilal ibn Rabah

Bilal ibn Rabah (بلال ابن رباح‎; 580–640 AD) also known as Bilal al-Habashi, Bilal ibn Riyah, and ibn Rabah), was one of the most trusted and loyal Sahabah (companions) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He was born in Mecca and is considered as the first muezzin, chosen by Muhammad himself.Robinson, David.. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Print. He was known for his beautiful voice with which he called people to their prayers. He died in 640, at the age of 57.

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Biographical evaluation

Biographical evaluation (`Ilm al-Rijāl), literally meaning 'Knowledge of Men' but more commonly understood as the Science of Narration, refers to a discipline of Islamic religious studies within hadith terminology in which the narrators of hadith are evaluated.

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Birmingham Quran manuscript

The Birmingham Quran manuscript is a parchment on which two leaves of an early Quranic manuscript are written.

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Brotherhood among the Sahabah

Brotherhood among the Sahaba refers to the time after the Hijra when the Islamic prophet Muhammad instituted brotherhood between the emigrants, Muhajirun, and the helpers, Ansar, and he chose Ali as his own brother.

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Byzantine Empire under the Heraclian dynasty

The Byzantine Empire was ruled by emperors of the dynasty of Heraclius between 610 and 711.

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Caliphate

A caliphate (خِلافة) is a state under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph (خَليفة), a person considered a religious successor to the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a leader of the entire ummah (community).

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Caliphs and Kings

Caliphate and Kingship (Urdu: خِلافت و مُلوکیت) is a book written by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi as a refutation of The caliphate of Mu'awiyah and Yazid, written by a Pakistani scholar, Mahmud Abbasi.

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Caucasian Albania

Albania, usually referred to as Caucasian Albania for disambiguation with the modern state of Albania (the endonym is unknownRobert H. Hewsen. "Ethno-History and the Armenian Influence upon the Caucasian Albanians", in: Samuelian, Thomas J. (Ed.), Classical Armenian Culture. Influences and Creativity. Chicago: 1982, pp. 27-40.Bosworth, Clifford E.. Encyclopædia Iranica.), is a name for the historical region of the eastern Caucasus, that existed on the territory of present-day republic of Azerbaijan (where both of its capitals were located) and partially southern Dagestan.

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Chaar Yaar

Chaar Yaar ("Four Friends") - is used to refer to.

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Chams

The Chams, or Cham people (Cham: Urang Campa, người Chăm or người Chàm, ជនជាតិចាម), are an ethnic group of Austronesian origin in Southeast Asia.

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Chindasuinth

Chindasuinth (Also spelled Chindaswinth, Chindaswind, Chindasuinto, Chindasvindo, or Khindaswinth (Latin: Chintasvintus, Cindasvintus; 563 – 30 September 653 AD) was Visigothic King of Hispania, from 642 until his death in 653. He succeeded Tulga, from whom he took the throne in a coup. He was elected by the nobles and anointed by the bishops 30 April 642.

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Constans II

Constans II (Κώνστας Β', Kōnstas II; Heraclius Constantinus Augustus or Flavius Constantinus Augustus; 7 November 630 – 15 September 668), also called Constantine the Bearded (Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ Πωγωνάτος Kōnstantinos ho Pogonatos), was emperor of the Byzantine Empire from 641 to 668.

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Criticism of Muhammad

Criticism of Muhammad has existed since the 7th century, when Muhammad was decried by his non-Muslim Arab contemporaries for preaching monotheism, and by the Jewish tribes of Arabia for his unwarranted appropriation of Biblical narratives and figures and vituperation of the Jewish faith, proclaiming himself as "the last prophet" without performing any miracle nor showing any personal requirement demanded in the Hebrew Bible to distinguish a true prophet chosen by the God of Israel from a false claimant; for these reasons, they gave him the derogatory nickname ha-Meshuggah (מְשֻׁגָּע‬, "the Madman" or "the Possessed").

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Criticism of Twelver Shia Islam

Criticism of Twelver Shia Islam dates from the initial rift between the two primary denominations of Islam, the Sunni and the Shia.

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Darul Uloom Bolton

Darul Uloom Bolton is an Islamic independent secondary school in Bolton, Greater Manchester, England.

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Demolition of al-Baqi

Al-Baqi cemetery, the oldest and one of the two most important Islamic graveyards located in Medina, in current-day Saudi Arabia, was demolished in 1806 and, following reconstruction in the mid-19th century, was destroyed again in 1925 or 1926.

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Depictions of Muhammad

The permissibility of depictions of Muhammad in Islam has been a contentious issue.

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Dhat al-Riqa

Dhat al-Riqa is a location in Saudi Arabia.

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Dhu al-Hijjah

Dhu'l-Hijjah or alternatively Zulhijja (ذو الحجة; properly transliterated, also called Zil-Hajj) is the twelfth and final month in the Islamic calendar.

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Differences between Sunni, Shia and Ibadi Islam

This is a growing comparison chart between the three largest branches of Islam: Sunni, Shia and Ibadi.

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Diplomatic career of Muhammad

Muhammad (c. 22 April, 571–11 June, 632) is documented as having engaged as a diplomat during his propagation of Islam and leadership over the growing Muslim Ummah (community).

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Early African Church

The name Early African Church is given to the Christian communities inhabiting the region known politically as Roman Africa, and comprised geographically within the following limits, namely: the Mediterranean littoral between Cyrenaica on the east and the river Ampsaga (now the Oued Rhumel (fr)) on the west; that part of it that faces the Atlantic Ocean being called Mauretania.

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Early Middle Ages

The Early Middle Ages or Early Medieval Period, typically regarded as lasting from the 5th or 6th century to the 10th century CE, marked the start of the Middle Ages of European history.

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Early Quranic manuscripts

In Muslim tradition, the text of the Quran is traditionally said to have been united into its extant form during the reign of the third caliph Uthman (r. 644–656).

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Egypt in the Middle Ages

Following the Islamic conquest in 639 AD, Lower Egypt was ruled at first by governors acting in the name of the Rashidun Caliphs and then the Ummayad Caliphs in Damascus, but in 747 the Ummayads were overthrown.

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Election of Uthman

Uthman ibn Affan, the third caliph, was chosen by a council meeting in Medina, in northwestern Arabia, in.

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Emirate of Sicily

The Emirate of Sicily (إِمَارَةُ صِقِلِّيَة) was an emirate on the island of Sicily which existed from 831 to 1091.

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Etymology of Lahore

Accounts and texts concerning the origins of Lahore have been referred to in various times throughout history.

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Expedition of Dhat al-Riqa

The expedition of Dhat al-Riqa took place in October 625 AD, 5AH of the Islamic Calendar, but some other Muslim scholars believe it took place after the Battle of Khaybar in 627 AD, i.e. 7 AH of the Islamic Calendar., 2 Quran verses 5:11 and 4:101 are related to this event.

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Expedition of Surad ibn Abdullah

Expedition of Surad ibn Abdullah to attack the people of Jurash took place in 10 AH of the Islamic calendar,See pg 88–89 around Spring (632 AD in the Gregorian calendar).

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Fadak

Fadak (فدك) was a garden oasis in Khaybar, a tract of land in northern Arabia; it is now part of Saudi Arabia.

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Family tree of Abu Bakr

Abū Bakr (c. 573–August 23, 634/13 AH) was the first Muslim ruler after Muhammad (632–634).

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Family tree of Muhammad

This article is about the family tree of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad.

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Family tree of Uthman

Uthman ibn Affan (Arabic: عثمان بن عفان) (c. 574 – June 17, 656) was the third Caliph of the Ummah, and is regarded by the Sunni Muslims as one of the Four Righteously Guided Caliphs.

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Fatimah

Fatimah bint Muhammad (فاطمة;; especially colloquially: born c. 609 (or 20 Jumada al-Thani 5 BH ?) – died 28 August 632) was the youngest daughter and according to Shia Muslims, the only child of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and Khadijah who lived to adulthood, and therefore part of Muhammad's household.

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Fatimah bint Amr

Fatimah bint Amr (فاطمة بنت عمر; died 576) was the grandmother of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and one of the wives of Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim.

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Fayruz al-Daylami

Fayruz al-Daylami (فيروز الديلمي, Fayruz the Daylamite) was a Persian companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

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First Fitna

The First Fitna (فتنة مقتل عثمان fitnat maqtal ʿUthmān "strife/sedition of the killing of Uthman") was a civil war within the Rashidun Caliphate which resulted in the overthrowing of the Rashidun caliphs and the establishment of the Umayyad dynasty.

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Foreign relations of China

The foreign relations of the People's Republic of China (PRC), commonly known to most states as China, guides the way in which China interacts with foreign nations and expresses its political, economic and cultural strengths, weaknesses and values.

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Gender and religion

Sex differences in religion can be classified as either "internal" or "external".

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Genealogy of Khadijah's daughters

Khadijah bint Khuwaylid, the first wife of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, had six children.

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Ghumdan Palace

Ghumdan Palace, also Qasir Ghumdan or Ghamdan Palace, is an ancient palace and fortress in Sana'a, Yemen.

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Golan Heights

The Golan Heights (هضبة الجولان or مرتفعات الجولان, רמת הגולן), or simply the Golan, is a region in the Levant, spanning about.

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Gold dinar

The gold dinar (ﺩﻳﻨﺎﺭ ذهبي) is an Islamic medieval gold coin first issued in AH 77 (696–697 CE) by Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan.

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Gregory the Patrician

Gregory the Patrician (Γρηγόριος, Flavius Gregorius, died 647) was a Byzantine Exarch of Africa (modern Tunisia and eastern Algeria).

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Habib ibn Maslama al-Fihri

Ḥabīb ibn Maslama al-Fihrī (حبيب بن مسلمة الفهري; –) was an Arab general during the Early Muslim conquests, under Mu'awiyah ibn Abi Sufyan.

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Hadith

Ḥadīth (or; حديث, pl. Aḥādīth, أحاديث,, also "Traditions") in Islam refers to the record of the words, actions, and the silent approval, of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

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Hadith of Muhammad's inheritance

Muhammad's inheritance is a well-documented and controversial topic, both then and at the present.

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Hadith of Najd

The Hadith of Najd is a hadith with several chains of narration about three geographical locations, one of which is prophesized to be the source of calamities.

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Hadith of the ten with glad tidings of paradise

The Islamic prophet, Muhammad, specified ten of his companions who were promised paradise.

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Hadith studies

Hadith studies (علم الحديث ʻilm al-ḥadīth "knowledge of hadith", also science of hadith, or science of hadith criticism) consist of several religious disciplines used in the study and evaluation of the Islamic hadith — i.e. the record of the words, actions, and the silent approval of the Islamic prophet Muhammad by Muslim scholars.

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Hadith terminology

Hadith terminology (مُصْطَلَحُ الحَدِيْث) muṣṭalaḥ al-ḥadīth) is the body of terminology in Islam which specifies the acceptability of the sayings (hadith) attributed to the prophet Muhammad other early Islamic figures of significance, such as Muhammad's family and/or successors. Individual terms distinguish between those hadith considered rightfully attributed to their source or detail the faults of those of dubious provenance. Formally, it has been defined by Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani as: "knowledge of the principles by which the condition of the narrator and the narrated are determined." This page comprises the primary terminology used within ''hadith'' studies.

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Hadrat

Hadrat or Hadhrat (Ḥaɮˤrah; حضرت Hazret or Hazrat) is an honorific Arabic title used to honour a person.

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Hafar Al-Batin

Hafar Al-Batin (حفر الباطن) is a Saudi Arabian city in the Eastern Province.

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Hafiz (Quran)

Hafiz (ḥāfiẓ, حُفَّاظ, pl. ḥuffāẓ, حافظة f. ḥāfiẓa), literally meaning "guardian" or "memorizer", depending on the context, is a term used by Muslims for someone who has completely memorized the Qur'an.

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Hafizi-Isma'ili family tree

Category:Ismailis Category:Hafizi imams Category:Family trees.

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Hafsa bint Umar

Ḥafṣah bint ʿUmar (حفصة بنت عمر; c. 605–665) was a wife of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and therefore a Mother of the Believers.

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Hagia Sophia

Hagia Sophia (from the Greek Αγία Σοφία,, "Holy Wisdom"; Sancta Sophia or Sancta Sapientia; Ayasofya) is a former Greek Orthodox Christian patriarchal basilica (church), later an Ottoman imperial mosque and now a museum (Ayasofya Müzesi) in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Hasan ibn Ali

Al-Ḥasan ibn Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib (الحسن ابن علي ابن أبي طالب, 624–670 CE), commonly known as Hasan or Hassan, is the eldest son of Muhammad's daughter Fatimah and of Ali, and the older brother to Husayn.

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Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah

Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah (Arabic: الحسن بن محمد بن علي بن أبي طالب) (died 100 AH) was one of the Salaf and a narrator of hadith.

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Hashmi

Hashmi (هاشمي, ہاشمی, হাশমী, हाशमी) is a surname, referring descent from the Banu Hashim clan of Quraish with a unique maternal bloodline of Israelite ancestry through Salma bint Amr of Banu Najjar.

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Hayreddin Barbarossa

Hayreddin Barbarossa (Arabic: Khayr ad-Din Barbarus خير الدين بربروس), (Ariadenus Barbarussa), or Barbarossa Hayreddin Pasha (Barbaros Hayreddin (Hayrettin) Paşa or Hızır Hayreddin (Hayrettin) Paşa; also Hızır Reis before being promoted to the rank of Pasha and becoming the Kapudan Pasha), born Khizr or Khidr (Turkish: Hızır; c. 1478 – 4 July 1546), was an Ottoman admiral of the fleet who was born on the island of Lesbos and died in Constantinople, the Ottoman capital.

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Hejaz

The Hejaz (اَلْـحِـجَـاز,, literally "the Barrier"), is a region in the west of present-day Saudi Arabia.

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Hijri year

The Hijri year (سَنة هِجْريّة) or era (التقويم الهجري at-taqwīm al-hijrī) is the era used in the Islamic lunar calendar, which begins its count from the Islamic New Year in 622 AD.

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History of Balochistan

The history of Balochistan began in 650 BCE with vague allusions to the region in Greek historical records.

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History of Islam

The history of Islam concerns the political, social,economic and cultural developments of the Islamic civilization.

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History of Islam in China

The history of Islam in China began when four Ṣaḥābā—Sa‘d ibn Abī Waqqās (594–674), Ja'far ibn Abi Talib, and Jahsh preached in 616/17 and onwards in China after coming from Chittagong-Kamrup-Manipur route after sailing from Abyssinia in 615/16.

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History of Islam in southern Italy

The history of Islam in Sicily and Southern Italy began with the first Muslim settlement in Sicily, at Mazara, which was captured in 827.

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History of Islamic Tripolitania and Cyrenaica

Islamic rule in Tripolitania and Cyrenaica began as early as the 7th century.

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History of Libya

Libya's history covers its rich mix of ethnic groups added to the indigenous Berber tribes.

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History of Saudi Arabia

The history of Saudi Arabia in its current form as a state began with its foundation in 1744, although the human history of the region extends as far as 20,000 years ago.

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History of Shia Islam

Shi‘a Islam, also known as Shi‘ite Islam or Shi‘ism, is the second largest branch of Islam after Sunni Islam.

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History of the Prophets and Kings

The History of the Prophets and Kings (تاريخ الرسل والملوك Tārīkh al-Rusul wa al-Mulūk), more commonly known as Tarikh al-Tabari (تاريخ الطبري) or Tarikh-i Tabari (تاریخ طبری) is an Arabic-language historical chronicle written by the Persian historian Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (838-923).

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History of the Quran

The history of the Quran refers to the oral revelation of the Quran to Islamic prophet Muhammad and its subsequent written compilation into a manuscript.

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History of Turkmenistan

The history of Turkmenistan is largely shrouded in mystery, its past since the arrival of Indo-European Iranian tribes around 2000 BC is often the starting point of the area's discernible history.

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Hopa

Hopa (ხოფა, ხუფათი) is a city and district of Artvin Province in northeast Turkey.

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Hormuzan

Hormuzan (Middle Persian: Hormazdān, New Persian: هرمزان) was an Iranian aristocrat who served as the governor of Khuzestan, and was one of the Sasanian military officers at the Battle of al-Qādisiyyah.

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Husayn ibn Ali

Al-Ḥusayn ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib (الحسين ابن علي ابن أبي طالب; 10 October 625 – 10 October 680) (3 Sha'aban AH 4 (in the ancient (intercalated) Arabic calendar) – 10 Muharram AH 61) (his name is also transliterated as Husayn ibn 'Alī, Husain, Hussain and Hussein), was a grandson of the Islamic ''Nabi'' (نَـبِي, Prophet) Muhammad, and son of Ali ibn Abi Talib (the first Shia Imam and the fourth Rashid caliph of Sunni Islam), and Muhammad's daughter, Fatimah.

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Ibadi

The Ibāḍī movement, Ibadism or Ibāḍiyya, also known as the Ibadis (الاباضية, al-Ibāḍiyyah), is a school of Islam dominant in Oman.

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Ibn Battuta

Ibn Battuta (محمد ابن بطوطة; fully; Arabic: أبو عبد الله محمد بن عبد الله اللواتي الطنجي بن بطوطة) (February 25, 13041368 or 1369) was a Moroccan scholar who widely travelled the medieval world.

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Ibn Sirin

Muhammad Ibn Sirin (Arabic محمد بن سيرين) (born in Basra) was a Muslim mystic and interpreter of dreams who lived in the 8th century.

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Ibn Taymiyyah

Taqī ad-Dīn Ahmad ibn Taymiyyah (Arabic: تقي الدين أحمد ابن تيمية, January 22, 1263 - September 26, 1328), known as Ibn Taymiyyah for short, was a controversial medieval Sunni Muslim theologian, jurisconsult, logician, and reformer.

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Ibrahim an-Nazzam

Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm Ibn Sayyār Ibn Hāni‘ an-Naẓẓām (أبو إسحاق بن سيار بن هانئ النظام) (c. 775 – c. 845) was a Mu'tazilite theologian and poet.

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Ijma

Ijmāʿ (إجماع) is an Arabic term referring to the consensus or agreement of the Muslim scholars basically on religious issues.

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Index of Byzantine Empire-related articles

This is a list of people, places, things, and concepts related to or originating from the Byzantine Empire (AD 330–1453).

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Index of Islam-related articles

This is an alphabetical list of topics related to Islam, the history of Islam, Islamic culture, and the present-day Muslim world, intended to provide inspiration for the creation of new articles and categories.

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Isha prayer

The Isha prayer (صلاة العشاء, "night prayer") is the night-time daily prayer recited by practicing Muslims.

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Islam

IslamThere are ten pronunciations of Islam in English, differing in whether the first or second syllable has the stress, whether the s is or, and whether the a is pronounced, or (when the stress is on the first syllable) (Merriam Webster).

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Islam during the Tang dynasty

The History of Islam in China goes back to the earliest years of Islam.

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Islam in Africa

Africa was the first continent into which Islam spread from Southwest Asia, during the early 7th century CE.

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Islam in China

Islam in China has existed through 1,400 years of continuous interaction with Chinese society.

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Islam in Georgia (country)

Islam in Georgia was introduced in 654 when an army sent by the Third Caliph of Islam, Uthman, conquered Eastern Georgia and established Muslim rule in Tbilisi.

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Islam in Turkmenistan

According to a 2009 Pew Research Center report, 93.1% of Turkmenistan's population is Muslim.

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Islam in Vietnam

Islam in Vietnam is primarily the religion of the Cham people, a minority ethnic group related to Malays; however, roughly one-third of the Muslims in Vietnam are of other ethnic groups.

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Islamic calendar

The Islamic, Muslim, or Hijri calendar (التقويم الهجري at-taqwīm al-hijrī) is a lunar calendar consisting of 12 months in a year of 354 or 355 days.

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Islamic dynasties of Iran

This is a list of kings of Iran of the medieval Islamic period, AD 820 to 1432, arranged genealogically.

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Islamic missionary activity

Dawah, Islamic missionary work, means to "invite" (in Arabic, literally "invitation") to Islam, which is estimated to be the second-largest religion, after Christianity.

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Islamic Principlism in Iran

The history of Islamic Principlism in Iran covers the history of Islamic revivalism and the rise of political Islam in modern Iran.

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Islamic schools and branches

This article summarizes the different branches and schools in Islam.

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Islamic socialism

Islamic socialism is a term coined by various Muslim leaders to describe a more spiritual form of socialism.

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Islamism

Islamism is a concept whose meaning has been debated in both public and academic contexts.

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Isma'ilism

Ismāʿīlism (الإسماعيلية al-Ismāʿīliyya; اسماعیلیان; اسماعيلي; Esmāʿīliyān) is a branch of Shia Islam.

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Izalatul Khafa'an Khilafatul Khulafa

Izalat al-Khafa'an Khilafat al-Khulfa (ازالة الخفاء عن خلافت الخلفاء; lit. 'Removal of Ambiguity about the Caliphate of the Caliphs') is a book by the Islamic scholar Shah Waliullah Dehlawi in the Persian language.

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Izzat Darwaza

Muhammad 'Izzat Darwaza (محمد عزت دروزة; 1888–1984) was a Palestinian politician, historian, and educator from Nablus.

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Jalaladdin Davani

Jalaluddin Muhammad bin As'ad dawani (1426–1502 in Dawan, Iran), often referred to as Jalaluddin Dawani, Jalal Al-Din Muhammad ibn Asad Al-Dawani, or Allamah Mohaghegh, was a leading philosopher, theologian, jurist and poet of 15th Century Iran.

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Jarir ibn Atiyah

Jarir ibn Atiyah al-Khatfi Al-Tamimi (جرير بن عطية الخطفي التميمي) was an Arab poet and satirist.

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Jawn bin Huwai

Jawn bin Huwai (جون بن حوي) (Jawn means black in arabic) he was a Christian freedman who died in battle as part of Hussein ibn Ali's army at the Battle of Karbala on Muharram 10, 61 AH (680 AD).

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Jeddah

Jeddah (sometimes spelled Jiddah or Jedda;; جدة, Hejazi pronunciation) is a city in the Hijaz Tihamah region on the coast of the Red Sea and is the major urban center of western Saudi Arabia. It is the largest city in Makkah Province, the largest seaport on the Red Sea, and with a population of about four million people, the second-largest city in Saudi Arabia after the capital city, Riyadh. Jeddah is Saudi Arabia's commercial capital. Jeddah is the principal gateway to Mecca and Medina, two of the holiest cities in Islam and popular tourist attractions. Economically, Jeddah is focusing on further developing capital investment in scientific and engineering leadership within Saudi Arabia, and the Middle East. Jeddah was independently ranked fourth in the Africa – Mid-East region in terms of innovation in 2009 in the Innovation Cities Index. Jeddah is one of Saudi Arabia's primary resort cities and was named a Beta world city by the Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network (GaWC). Given the city's close proximity to the Red Sea, fishing and seafood dominates the food culture unlike other parts of the country. In Arabic, the city's motto is "Jeddah Ghair," which translates to "Jeddah is different." The motto has been widely used among both locals as well as foreign visitors. The city had been previously perceived as the "most open" city in Saudi Arabia.

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Johfiyeh

Johfiyeh (جُحفية), also spelled Johfiyah, Juhfiyah or Juhfiyeh, is a historical village in northern Jordan, located 80 kilometers north of the capital Amman and about 7.5 km southwest of the city Irbid.

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Jondab-e-asadi

Jundub Ibn Ka'b Al-Azadi was a companion of Muhammad and Ali ibn Abu Talib, cousin of Muhammad.

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June 17

No description.

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June 20

In the Northern Hemisphere, the Summer solstice sometimes occurs on this date, while the Winter solstice occurs in the Southern Hemisphere.

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Ka’b al-Ahbar

Ka‘b al-Aḥbār (كعب الأحبار, full name Abū Isḥāq Ka‘b ibn Mati‘ ibn Haysu‘ or Haynu‘) was a 7th-century Yemenite Jew who converted to Islam.

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Khadija bint Khuwaylid

Khadijah, Khadījah bint Khuwaylid (خديجة بنت خويلد) or Khadījah al-Kubra (Khadijah the Great) 555 – 22 November 619 CE) was the first wife and follower of the Islamic Prophet (نَـبِي, Prophet) Muhammad. She is commonly regarded by Muslims as the "Mother of the Believers". Khadijah is regarded as one of the most important female figures in Islam, like her daughter, Fatimah. Muhammad was monogamously married to her for 25 years. After the death of Khadijah, Muhammad married at least nine women. Khadijah was the closest to Muhammad and he confided in her the most out of all his following wives. It is narrated in many hadiths that Khadijah was Muhammad's most trusted and favorite among all his marriages. It is narrated in Sahih Muslim: The messenger of Allah said: "God Almighty never granted me anyone better in this life than her. She accepted me when people rejected me; she believed in me when people doubted me; she shared her wealth with me when people deprived me; and Allah granted me children only through her." ‘A’ishah narrated of Muhammed and Khadijah in Sahih Bukhari: "I did not feel jealous of any of the wives of the Prophet as much as I did of Khadijah though I did not see her, but the Prophet used to mention her very often, and when ever he slaughtered a sheep, he would cut its parts and send them to the women friends of Khadijah. When I sometimes said to him, "(You treat Khadijah in such a way) as if there is no woman on Earth except Khadijah," he would say, "Khadijah was such-and-such, and from her I had children." It is also narrated: The Messenger of Allah said: "The best of its women is Khadijah bint Khuwailid, and the best of its women is Maryam bint ‘Imran." Muhammad said about her "She believed in me when the whole world refuted me and she attested to my veracity when the whole world accused me of falsehood. She offered me compassion and loyalty with her wealth when everyone else had forsaken me." Khadijah was the first female and person to become a follower of Muhammad. Muhammad was married to her until her death and Khadijah was the only wife to be married to Muhammad in monogamy, thus sometimes regarded as Muhammad's most beloved. She is regarded as one of the most important women in Islam, and in terms of the progression of Islam, the most important out of all of Muhammad's wives.

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Khalid ibn al-Walid

Abū Sulaymān Khālid ibn al-Walīd ibn al-Mughīrah al-Makhzūmī (أبو سليمان خالد بن الوليد بن المغيرة المخزومي‎; 585–642), also known as Sayf ullah al-Maslūl (سيف الله المسلول; Drawn Sword of God) was a companion of Muhammad.

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Khawarij

The Khawarij (الخوارج, al-Khawārij, singular خارجي, khāriji), Kharijites, or the ash-Shurah (ash-Shurāh "the Exchangers") are members of a school of thought, that appeared in the first century of Islam during the First Fitna, the crisis of leadership after the death of Muhammad.

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Khuzaima ibn Thabit

Khuzaima ibn Thabit Dhu'sh-Shahadatain al-Ansari (خزيمة بن ثابت ذو الشهادتين الأنصاري; d. July 657) was one of the companions of Prophet Muhammad.

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Khwaja Abdullah Ansari

Hazrat Shaikh Abu Ismaïl Abdullah al-Herawi al-Ansari or Khajah Abdullah Ansari of Herat (1006–1088) (خواجه عبدالله انصاری) also known as Pir-i Herat (پیر هرات) (sage of Herat) was a Persian Sufi saint of Arab origin who lived in the 11th century in Herat (then Khorasan, now Herat province, Afghanistan).

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Kufa

Kufa (الْكُوفَة) is a city in Iraq, about south of Baghdad, and northeast of Najaf.

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Kumayl ibn Ziyad

Kumayl bin Ziyad an-Nakha'i (كُميل بن زياد النخعي) was among the most loyal companions of Imam Ali Ibn Abi Talib.

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Layla al-Akhyaliyya

Layla Bint Abullah Bin Shaddad Bin Ka’b Al Akheeliyya (d. c. AH 75/694×90/709 CE), or simply Layla Al Akheeliyya (Ar. ليلى الأخيليّة) was a famous Umayyad Arab poet who was renowned for her poetry, eloquence, strong personality as well as her beauty.

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List of 7th-century religious leaders

;List of 6th-century religious leaders - List of 8th-century religious leaders - Lists of religious leaders by century This is a list of the top-level leaders for religious groups with at least 50,000 adherents, and that led anytime from January 1, 601, to December 31, 700.

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List of Arabs

This is a list of notable Arab figures.

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List of assassinations in Asia

This is a list of assassinations which took place on the continent of Asia.

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List of biographies of Muhammad

This is a chronological listing of biographies of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, ranging from the earliest traditional writers to modern times.

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List of book-burning incidents

Notable book burnings have taken place throughout history.

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List of caliphal governors of Medina

In early Islamic history, the governor of Medina was an official who administered the city of Medina and its surrounding territories.

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List of Caliphs

This is a list of people who have held the title of Caliph, the supreme religious and political leader of an Islamic state known as the Caliphate, and the title for the ruler of the Islamic Ummah, as the political successors to Muhammad.

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List of coupled cousins

This is a list of prominent individuals who have been romantically or maritally coupled with a cousin.

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List of early Hindu-Muslim military conflicts in the Indian subcontinent

The table below lists the early Hindu-Muslim military conflicts in the Indian subcontinent.

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List of extinct Shia sects

The following is a list of extinct sects of Shia Islam.

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List of governors of Islamic Egypt

Governors of Arab Egypt (640–1250) and Mamluk Egypt (1250–1517).

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List of invasions

This is a list of invasions ordered by date.

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List of monarchs of Persia

This article lists the monarchs of Persia, who ruled over the area of modern-day Iran from the establishment of the Achaemenid dynasty by Achaemenes around 705 BCE until the deposition of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979.

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List of most popular given names

The most popular given names vary nationally, regionally, and culturally.

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List of Muslim military leaders

Entries in this chronological list of Muslim military leaders are accompanied by dates of birth and death, branch of Islam, country of birth, field of study, campaigns fought and a short biographical description.

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List of naval battles

This list of naval battles is a chronological list delineating important naval fleet battles.

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List of people who memorized the Quran

This is a list of notable people who have completely memorized the Quran.

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List of Sahabah

Aṣ-ṣaḥābah (الصحابة, "The Companions") were the companions of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, who had met or had seen him at the time of when he was alive as well as wanting to intentionally see him.

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List of state leaders in 1086

No description.

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List of state leaders in the 7th century

;State leaders in the 6th century – State leaders in the 8th century – State leaders by year This is a list of state leaders in the 7th century (601–700) AD.

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List of terrorist incidents in January–June 2014

This is a timeline of terrorist incidents which took place in the first half of 2014, including attacks by violent non-state actors for political motives.

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List of tombs and mausoleums

This is a list of tombs and mausoleums that are either notable in themselves, or contain the remains of a notable person/people.

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Lubaba bint al-Harith

Lubaba bint al-Harith (لبابة بنت الحارث) (c.593–655), also known as Umm Fadl, was a prominent early Muslim.

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Ma malakat aymanukum

Mā malakat aymānukum ("what your right hands possess", ما ملكت أيمانکم) is a Quranic expression referring to slaves.

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Madonna (art)

A Madonna is a representation of Mary, either alone or with her child Jesus.

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Madrasa El Mountaciriya

Madrasa El Mountaciriya (المدرسة المنتصرية), also known as Madrasa Al Fath is one of the madrasahs of the medina of Tunis.

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Madrasa of Zawiya El Bokria

Madrasa of Zawiya El Bokria (مدرسة الزاوية البكرية) is one of the madrasahs of the medina of Tunis.

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Malik al-Ashtar

Malik Al-Ashtar (مالك الأشتر) (also known as Malik bin al-Harith al-Nakha'i) was one of the most loyal companions of Ali Ibn Abi Talib, the cousin of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

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Malik ibn Anas

Mālik b. Anas b. Mālik b. Abī ʿĀmir b. ʿAmr b. al-Ḥārit̲h̲ b. G̲h̲aymān b. K̲h̲ut̲h̲ayn b. ʿAmr b. al-Ḥārit̲h̲ al-Aṣbaḥī, often referred to as Mālik ibn Anas (Arabic: مالك بن أنس‎; 711–795 CE / 93–179 AH) for short, or reverently as Imam Mālik by Sunni Muslims, was an Arab Muslim jurist, theologian, and hadith traditionist.

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Maria Palaiologina

Maria Palaiologina (Μαρία Παλαιολογίνα) was an illegitimate daughter of the Byzantine Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos (ruled 1258-1282), the wife of the Mongol ruler Abaqa Khan, and an influential Christian leader among the Mongols.

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Marital life of Fatimah

In 623 CE, the Islamic ''Nabī'' (نَـبِي, Prophet) Muhammad told Ali that he was ordered by Allâh (الله, God) to give his daughter Fatimah to him in marriage.

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Martyrdom in Iran

The concept of martyrdom is understood in the Western world as facing persecution and giving of one's life for a set of beliefs, most often religious beliefs.

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Marwan I

Marwān ibn Al-Hakam ibn Abi al-'As ibn Umayya ibn Abd Shams (مروان بن الحكم بن أبي العاص بن أمية), commonly known as Marwan I (ca. 623–626 — April/May 685) was the fourth caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, ruling for less than a year in 684–685, and founder of its Marwanid ruling house, which remained in power until 750.

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Maslama ibn Mukhallad al-Ansari

Maslama ibn Mukhallad ibn al-Samit al-Ansari (616 or 620 – 9 April 682), to whom the tecnonymics Abu Ma'n or Sa'id or Umar are ascribed, was one of the Companions of the Prophet and active in Egypt in the decades after its conquest by the Muslims.

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Maytham al-Tammar

Maytham ibn Yahyā al-Tammār or Maytham al-Tammar (ميثم ابن يـحيى التمار) was an early Islamic scholar, a companion and disciple of Ali ibn Abi Talib and a forefather of Sufism.

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Mecca

Mecca or Makkah (مكة is a city in the Hejazi region of the Arabian Peninsula, and the plain of Tihamah in Saudi Arabia, and is also the capital and administrative headquarters of the Makkah Region. The city is located inland from Jeddah in a narrow valley at a height of above sea level, and south of Medina. Its resident population in 2012 was roughly 2 million, although visitors more than triple this number every year during the Ḥajj (حَـجّ, "Pilgrimage") period held in the twelfth Muslim lunar month of Dhūl-Ḥijjah (ذُو الْـحِـجَّـة). As the birthplace of Muhammad, and the site of Muhammad's first revelation of the Quran (specifically, a cave from Mecca), Mecca is regarded as the holiest city in the religion of Islam and a pilgrimage to it known as the Hajj is obligatory for all able Muslims. Mecca is home to the Kaaba, by majority description Islam's holiest site, as well as being the direction of Muslim prayer. Mecca was long ruled by Muhammad's descendants, the sharifs, acting either as independent rulers or as vassals to larger polities. It was conquered by Ibn Saud in 1925. In its modern period, Mecca has seen tremendous expansion in size and infrastructure, home to structures such as the Abraj Al Bait, also known as the Makkah Royal Clock Tower Hotel, the world's fourth tallest building and the building with the third largest amount of floor area. During this expansion, Mecca has lost some historical structures and archaeological sites, such as the Ajyad Fortress. Today, more than 15 million Muslims visit Mecca annually, including several million during the few days of the Hajj. As a result, Mecca has become one of the most cosmopolitan cities in the Muslim world,Fattah, Hassan M., The New York Times (20 January 2005). even though non-Muslims are prohibited from entering the city.

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Medicine in the medieval Islamic world

In the history of medicine, Islamic medicine is the science of medicine developed in the Islamic Golden Age, and written in Arabic, the lingua franca of Islamic civilization.

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Medina

Medina (المدينة المنورة,, "the radiant city"; or المدينة,, "the city"), also transliterated as Madīnah, is a city in the Hejaz region of the Arabian Peninsula and administrative headquarters of the Al-Madinah Region of Saudi Arabia.

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Middle Eastern empires

Middle Eastern empires have existed in the Middle East at various periods between 5000 BCE and 1924 CE; they have been instrumental in the spreading of ideas, technology and religions within Middle Eastern territories and to outlying territories.

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Migration to Abyssinia

The Migration to Abyssinia (الهجرة إلى الحبشة, al-hijra ʾilā al-habaša), also known as the First Hegira (هِجْرَة hijrah), was an episode in the early history of Islam, where Prophet Muhammad's first followers (the Sahabah) fled from the persecution of the ruling Quraysh tribe of Mecca.

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Mihrab

Mihrab (محراب, pl. محاريب) is a semicircular niche in the wall of a mosque that indicates the qibla; that is, the direction of the Kaaba in Mecca and hence the direction that Muslims should face when praying.

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Military campaigns under Caliph Uthman

With the death of Umar and the disposal of 'Amr ibn al-'As from the governorship of Egypt, the Byzantines seized Alexandria, thinking it to be the right time to take action.

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Military career of Ali

Ali bin Abi Talib took part in all the battles of Prophet Muhammad's time, except the Battle of Tabuk, as standard bearer.

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Military career of Muhammad

The military career of Muhammad lasted for the final ten years of his life when he served as the leader of the ummah, the head of state at Medina.

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Military history of Ray, Iran

This article concerns the city of Ray, Iran (near Shahr-e-Rey) as a military objective, not the large territory of which it was once capital ("Ragau" in the Apocryphal Book of Judith).

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Miracles of Muhammad

The Miracles of Muhammad are a number of supernatural occurrences, which as claimed by Islamic tradition were made by Muhammad (Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh ibn ʿAbdul-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāshim) during his lifetime.

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Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan

Mirzā Mazhar Jān-i Jānān (مرزا مظہر جانِ جاناں), also known by his laqab Shamsuddīn Habībullāh (1699–1781), was a renowned Naqshbandī Sufi poet of Delhi, distinguished as one the "four pillars of Urdu poetry."And Muhammad is His Messenger: The Veneration of the Prophet in Islamic piety, by Annemarie Schimmel (Chappel hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 1985) He was also known to his contemporaries as the sunnītarāsh, "Sunnicizer", for his absolute, unflinching commitment to and imitation of the Sunnah.

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Modern gold dinar

The modern Islamic gold dinar (sometimes referred as Islamic dinar or Gold dinar) is a projected bullion gold coin, so far not issued as official currency by any national state.

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Muawiyah bin Al Mugheerah

Muawiyah bin Al Mugheerah was an Arab Pagan during the time of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

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Muawiyah I

Muawiyah I (Muʿāwiyah ibn Abī Sufyān; 602 – 26 April 680) established the Umayyad dynasty of the caliphate, and was the second caliph from the Umayyad clan, the first being Uthman ibn Affan.

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Muhajirun

Muhajirun (المهاجرون The Emigrants) were the first converts to Islam and the Islamic Prophet Muhammad's advisors and relatives, who emigrated with him from Mecca to Medina, the event known in Islam as ''The Hijra''.

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Muhammad

MuhammadFull name: Abū al-Qāsim Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāšim (ابو القاسم محمد ابن عبد الله ابن عبد المطلب ابن هاشم, lit: Father of Qasim Muhammad son of Abd Allah son of Abdul-Muttalib son of Hashim) (مُحمّد;;Classical Arabic pronunciation Latinized as Mahometus c. 570 CE – 8 June 632 CE)Elizabeth Goldman (1995), p. 63, gives 8 June 632 CE, the dominant Islamic tradition.

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Muhammad Husayn Haykal

Mohammed Hussein Haekal (also spelled Haikal or Heikal or Haykal محمد حسين هيكل; August 20, 1888 – December 8, 1956) was an Egyptian writer, journalist, politician and Minister of Education in Egypt.

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Muhammad ibn Abdullah al-Aftah

Muhammad ibn Abdullah al-Aftah ibn Ja'far al-Sadiq was a figure whose existence is contested: a portion of the Fathite Shia Muslims (followers of Abdullah al-Aftah ibn Ja'far al-Sadiq), believed that Muhammad was the son of Imam Abdullah al-Aftah (died 766 CE), whom they believed to be the Imam after his father Ja'far al-Sadiq.

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Muhammad ibn Abi Hudhayfa

Muhammad ibn Abi Hudhayfa (Arabic: محمد بن أبي حذيفة) was the son of Abu Hudhayfa ibn 'Utba and Sahla bint Suhail.

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Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr

Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr (محمد بن أبي بكر) was the son of Abu Bakr and a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

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Muhammad ibn Maslamah

Muhammad ibn Maslamah (محمد بن مسلمة الأنصاري) (c.591-c.666) was a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

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Muhammad in Islam

Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh ibn ʿAbdul-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāshim (مُـحَـمَّـد ابْـن عَـبْـد الله ابْـن عَـبْـد الْـمُـطَّـلِـب ابْـن هَـاشِـم) (circa 570 CE – 8 June 632 CE), in short form Muhammad, is the last Messenger and Prophet of God in all the main branches of Islam.

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Muhammad in Medina

The Islamic prophet Muhammad came to Medina following the migration of his followers in what is known as the Hijra (migration to Medina) in 622.

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Muhammad's visit to Ta'if

Muhammad went to the city of Ta’if and invited the people there to Islam.

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Muhsin ibn Ali

Mohsin ibn Ali, also spelled Moshin ibn Ali, (Arabic: محسن بن علي), was a son of Fatimah bint Muhammad and Ali ibn Abi Talib.

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Mus'haf

A mus'haf (مصحف, with the ṣ and ḥ as two separate consonants, not, plural "suhuf") is a is an arabic word for a codex or collection of sheets, but also refers to a physical bound volume of the Quran.

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Musa bin Nusayr

Musa bin Nusayr (موسى بن نصير Mūsá bin Nuṣayr; 640–716) served as a governor and general under the Umayyad caliph Al-Walid I. He ruled over the Muslim provinces of North Africa (Ifriqiya), and directed the Islamic conquest of the Visigothic Kingdom in Hispania (Spain, Portugal, Andorra and part of France).

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Mus‘ab ibn 'Umair

Mus‘ab ibn Omair (مصعب بن عمير) also known as Mus‘ab al-Khayr ("the Good") was a sahabi (companion) of Muhammad.

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Muslim conquest of Armenia

The Arab conquest of Armenia was a part of the Muslim conquests after the death of Muhammad in 632 CE.

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Muslim conquest of Kerman

The Muslim conquest of Kerman took place around 644 AD, during the caliphate of ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān.

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Muslim conquest of Northern Persia

Northern Persia at the time when the Muslim conquests started included Tabaristan, the greater portion of historic Armenia, Caucasian Albania, and Iberia.

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Muslim conquest of Pars

The Muslim conquest of Pars took place from 638/9 to 650/1, and ended with subjugation of the important Sasanian province of Pars to the Rashidun Caliphate.

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Muslim conquest of Persia

The Muslim conquest of Persia, also known as the Arab conquest of Iran, led to the end of the Sasanian Empire of Persia in 651 and the eventual decline of the Zoroastrian religion in Iran (Persia).

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Muslim conquest of Sistan

The Persian Empire's province of Sistan in the 7th century extended from the modern Iranian province of Sistan to central Afghanistan and Baluchistan province of Pakistan.

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Muslim conquest of the Levant

The Muslim conquest of the Levant (اَلْـفَـتْـحُ الْإٍسْـلَامِيُّ لِـلـشَّـامِ, Al-Faṫṫḥul-Islāmiyyuash-Shām) or Arab conquest of the Levant (اَلْـفَـتْـحُ الْـعَـرَبِيُّ لِـلـشَّـامِ, Al-Faṫṫḥul-ʿArabiyyu Lish-Shām) occurred in the first half of the 7th century,"Syria." Encyclopædia Britannica.

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Muslim conquest of the Maghreb

The Muslim conquest of the Maghreb (الفَتْحُ الإسْلَامِيُّ لِلمَغْرِبِ) continued the century of rapid Arab Early Muslim conquests following the death of Muhammad in 632 AD and into the Byzantine-controlled territories of Northern Africa.

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Muslim conquests of Afghanistan

The Muslim conquests of Afghanistan began during the Muslim conquest of Persia as the Arab Muslims were drawn eastwards to Khorasan, Sistan and Transoxiana.

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Na'ila bint al-Furafisa

Nāʾila bint al-Furāfiṣa (نائلة بنت الفرافصة) was the wife of Uthman, the third Caliph of the Islamic Empire.

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Nahj al-Balagha

The Nahj al-Balagha (نهج البلاغة,; "The Peak of Eloquence") is the most famous collection of sermons, letters, tafsirs and narrations attributed to Ali, cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad.

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Naila (name)

Naila or Na'ila (نائلة) is female given name of Arabic origin meaning The attainer, the achiever and the successful one.

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Naqshbandi Golden Chain

The Naqshbandi Golden Chain is a lineage of spiritual masters of the Naqshbandi Sufi order related to each other going back to the Islamic prophet Muhammad It is a chain in which each scholar was given ijazah or permission for dhikr of God by his own teacher or pir to transmit the knowledge he had received to the next generation of students in the traditional manner of Sufi transmission.

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Nayla

Nayla may refer to.

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New Mosque (Istanbul)

The Yeni Cami, meaning New Mosque; originally named the Valide Sultan Mosque (Valide Sultan Camii) and later New Valide Sultan Mosque (Yeni Valide Sultan Camii) after its partial reconstruction and completion between 1660 and 1665; is an Ottoman imperial mosque located in the Eminönü quarter of Istanbul, Turkey.

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Omar (TV series)

Omar (عُمَرْ) or Farouk Omar (عمر فاروق) is a historical Arab television drama miniseries-serial that was produced and broadcast by MBC1 and directed by the Syrian director Hatem Ali.

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Ompora

Ompora is a municipality area of Budgam India.

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Oriental rug

An oriental rug is a heavy textile, made for a wide variety of utilitarian and symbolic purpose, produced in “Oriental countries” for home use, local sale, and export.

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Osman (name)

Osman or transcription of the Arabic name Uthman when used in Persian or Turkish (and in languages influenced by Persian or Turkish culture, e.g. as a Pakistani, or Bosnian name).

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Osmani

Usmani or Osmani or Othmani or Uthmani is a large community (Biradari), found mainly in South Asia.

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Ostikan

Ostikan (ոստիկան) was the title used by Armenians for the governors of the early Caliphates.

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Outline of Islam

Islam is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion teaching that there is only one God (Allah) and that Muhammad is a messenger of God.

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Pars (Sasanian province)

Pars (Middle Persian: Pārs) was a Sasanian province in Late Antiquity, which almost corresponded to the present-day province of Fars.

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Persian carpet

A Persian carpet or Persian rug (Persian: قالی ايرانى qālī-ye īranī),Savory, R., Carpets,(Encyclopaedia Iranica); accessed January 30, 2007.

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Pledge of the Tree

The Pledge of the Tree (بيعة الشجرة bayʻat ash-shajarah) or Pledge of Satisfaction (Arabic: بيعة الرضوان bayʻat ar-riḍwān) or Pledge of Ridwan was a pledge that was sworn to the Islamic prophet Muhammad by his Sahaba (companions) prior to the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah (6 AH, 628 CE).

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Qadi Thanaullah Panipati

Qazi Muhammad Sanaullah Panipati (قاضي ثناء الله پانی پتي) (d. 1225 AH) was a Sunni Islamic scholar.

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Qal'at Najm

Qal'at Najm (قلعة نجم) is a castle located on the right bank of the Euphrates, near the town of Manbij (Syria).

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Qays

Qays ʿAylān (قيس عيلان), often referred to simply as Qays (also spelled Qais, Kais or Kays) were an Arab tribal confederation that branched from the Mudhar section of the Adnanites.

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Qira'at

In Islam, Qira'at, which means literally the readings, terminologically means the method of recitation.

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Quran

The Quran (القرآن, literally meaning "the recitation"; also romanized Qur'an or Koran) is the central religious text of Islam, which Muslims believe to be a revelation from God (Allah).

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Quraysh

The Quraysh (قريش) were a mercantile Arab tribe that historically inhabited and controlled Mecca and its Ka'aba.

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Rafida

Rafida, also transliterated as Rafidah, is an Arabic word (collective plural ar-Rāfiḍa; multiple plural Raāfiḍa; singular Rāfiḍī) meaning "rejectors", "rejectionists", "those who reject" or "those who refuse".

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Rahmatullah Kairanawi

Rahmat Allâh Kairânawî(رحمت الله الكيراناوي) (91-1818), also spelt or known by names Rahmatullah Kairanvi or Al-Kairanawi or Sheik Rahmat Kairanawi or Rahamatullah ibn Halil al-Utmani al-Kairanawi or Al-Hindi, was a Sunni Muslim scholar and author who is best known for his work, Izhar ul-Haqq.

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Raid on Dhu Amarr

The raid on Amarr (غزوة ذي أمر), also known as the Raid on Ghatafan, occurred directly after the Invasion of Sawiq in the year 3 A.H of the Islamic calendar, September 624.

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Ramla bint Abi Sufyan

Ramla bint Abi Sufyan (رملة بنت أبي سفيان; c.594-665) also known as Umm Habiba (أم حبيبة) was a wife of Muhammad and therefore a Mother of the Believers.

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Rashidun

The Rashidun Caliphs (Rightly Guided Caliphs; الخلفاء الراشدون), often simply called, collectively, "the Rashidun", is a term used in Sunni Islam to refer to the 30-year reign of the first four caliphs (successors) following the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, namely: Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman ibn Affan, and Ali of the Rashidun Caliphate, the first caliphate.

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Rashidun Caliphate

The Rashidun Caliphate (اَلْخِلَافَةُ ٱلرَّاشِدَةُ) (632–661) was the first of the four major caliphates established after the death of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad.

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Religion in Eritrea

Religion in Eritrea mainly consists of Abrahamic faiths.

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Religion in Georgia (country)

The wide variety of peoples inhabiting Georgia has meant a correspondingly rich array of active religions.

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Religion in Northern Cyprus

Muslims make up about 99% of the Northern Cypriot population.

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Ruqayyah bint Muhammad

Ruqayyah bint Muhammad (رقية بنت محمد) (c.601 - 624) is regarded as the daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and Khadija.

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Sa'id ibn al-'As

Saʾīd ibn al-ʿĀs ibn Umayya (died 678/679) was the Muslim governor of Kufa under Caliph Uthman (r. 644–656) and governor of Medina under Caliph Mu'awiya I (r. 661–680).

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Sabit Damulla Abdulbaki

Sabit Damulla (ثابت داملا عبد الباقي) (1883-1934) (سابىت داموللا عبدالباقى) was a Uyghur independence movement leader who led the Khotan rebellion against the Xinjiang Province government of Jin Shuren, and later the Uyghur leader Hoja-Niyaz.

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Safavid conversion of Iran to Shia Islam

The Safavid conversion of Iran from Sunni Islam to Shia Islam took place roughly over the 16th through 18th centuries and made Iran the spiritual bastion of Shia Islam.

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Safiyya bint Huyayy

Safiyyah bint Huyayy (صفية بنت حيي) (c. 610 – c. 670) was one of the wives of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad.

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Safwan ibn Muattal

Ṣafwān ibn al-Muʿaṭṭal al-Sulamī (صفوان بن المعطل السلمي) (d. 638 or 679) was a sahaba (companion) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and an Arab commander in the Muslim conquests.

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Said ibn al-Musayyib

Sa‘id Ibn Al-Musayyib (642-715 CE سعید بن المسیب) of Medina was among the foremost authorities in jurisprudence (fiqh) among the Taba'een (generation succeeding the Sahaba).

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Saidina Uthman Bin Affan Mosque

Saidina Uthman Bin Affan Mosque is a mosque in Bandar Tun Razak near Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

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Salman ibn Rabiah

Salman ibn Rabiah al-Bahili (died 650) was military governor of Armenia 633–644 CE, under Caliph Uthman ibn Affan.

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Salman the Persian

Salman the Persian or Salman al-Farsi (سلمان الفارسي Salmān al-Fārisī), born Rouzbeh (روزبه), was a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and the first Persian who converted to Islam.

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Samarkand Kufic Quran

The Samarkand Kufic Quran (also known as the Uthman Quran, Samarkand codex, Samarkand manuscript and Tashkent Quran) is an 8th or 9th century manuscript Quran written in the territory of modern Iraq in the Kufic script.

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Saqifah

The Saqīfah (السقيفة), also known as Saqīfah Banī Sā'idah (سقيفة بني ساعدة), was a roofed building used by a Jewish tribe called Banu Sa'idah, a faction of Banu Khazraj tribe of the city of Madinah in Hejaz, western Arabia.

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Satanic Verses

The Satanic Verses incident, known as qissat al-gharaniq (Story of the Cranes), is the name given to the occasion on which the Islamic Prophet Muhammad is said to have mistaken the words of "satanic suggestion" for divine revelation.

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Sbeitla

Sbeitla or Sufetula (Sbitla or Seftula, سبيطلة) is a city in north-central Tunisia.

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Schism

A schism (pronounced, or, less commonly) is a division between people, usually belonging to an organization, movement, or religious denomination.

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Schools of Islamic theology

Schools of Islamic theology are various Islamic schools and branches in different schools of thought regarding aqidah (creed).

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Seal of Muhammad

The Seal of Muhammad (Turkish Mühr-ü Saadet or Mühr-ü Şerif; Arabic ختم الرسول) is one of the relics of Muhammad kept in the Topkapı Palace by the Ottoman Sultans as part of the Sacred Relics collection.

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Second migration to Abyssinia

Following the migration and return of the most Sahabas from the first migration to Abyssinia (Sa'd ibn abi Waqqas and some did not return but left Abyssinia by sea for preaching overseas to east Asia), the Muslims continued to suffer Persecution by the Meccans.

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Sectarian violence

Sectarian violence and/or sectarian strife is a form of communal violence inspired by sectarianism, that is, between different sects of one particular mode of ideology or religion within a nation/community.

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Shahrbanu

Shahrbānū (or Shehr Bano) (شهربانو) (Meaning: "Lady of the Land") is one of the wives of Husayn ibn Ali, (grandson of Muhammad and third Twelver Shī‘ah Imām) and the mother of Ali ibn Husayn (the fourth Imāmī-Twelver Shī‘ah Imām).

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Shaikh of Uttar Pradesh

The Shaikh are a Muslim community found in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India.

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Shaikhs in South Asia

Sheikh, also rendered as Sheik, Shaykh, Shaikh, Shekh, Cheikh, Šeih, Šejh, Şeyh and other variants (Arabic:, shaykh; pl. shuyūkh), is a word or honorific term in the Arabic language that literally means "elder." It is commonly used to designate an elder of a tribe, a revered wise man, or an Islamic scholar.

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Sheikh Mustafa

Sheikh Mustafa (1836 – 25 July 1888), known as Sheikh Mustafa Waliullah (Tamil: அஷ் செய்கு முஸ்தபா(வலியுல்லாஹ்) இப்னு பாவா ஆதம்) was an Islamic scholar from Sri Lanka.

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Shia Islam

Shia (شيعة Shīʿah, from Shīʻatu ʻAlī, "followers of Ali") is a branch of Islam which holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor (Imam), most notably at the event of Ghadir Khumm.

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Shia view of Aisha

The Shi'a view of Aisha is generally unfavourable.

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Shia view of Ali

Ali was the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and a member of the Ahl al-Bayt.

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Shia view of the Quran

The Shia view of the Qur'an differs from the Sunni view, but the majority of both groups believe that the text is identical.

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Shia view of Umar

Umar ibn al-Khattab was one of the earliest figures in the history of Islam.

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Shurta

Shurṭa (شرطة) is the common Arabic term for police, although its precise meaning is that of a "picked" or elite force.

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Sibt ibn al-Jawzi

Shams al-din Abu al-Muzaffar Yusuf ibn Kizoghlu (c. 581AH/1185–654AH/1256), famously known as Sibṭ ibn al-Jawzi (سبط بن الجوزي) was a notable preacher and historian.

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Sicily

Sicily (Sicilia; Sicìlia) is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea.

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Siege of Constantinople (674–678)

The First Arab Siege of Constantinople in 674–678 was a major conflict of the Arab–Byzantine wars, and the first culmination of the Umayyad Caliphate's expansionist strategy towards the Byzantine Empire, led by Caliph Mu'awiya I. Mu'awiya, who had emerged in 661 as the ruler of the Muslim Arab empire following a civil war, renewed aggressive warfare against Byzantium after a lapse of some years and hoped to deliver a lethal blow by capturing the Byzantine capital, Constantinople.

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Siege of Ctesiphon (637)

The Siege of Ctesiphon took place from January to March, 637 between the forces of Sassanid Empire and Rashidun Caliphate.

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Siege of Uthman

The Third Rightly Guided Caliph, Uthman, was assassinated at the end of a siege upon his house.

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Silwan

Silwan (سلوان, כְּפַר הַשִּׁילוֹחַ) is a predominantly Palestinian neighborhood on the outskirts of the Old City of Jerusalem.

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Sino-Arab relations

Sino-Arab relations have extended historically back to the first Caliphate, with important trade routes, and good diplomatic relations.

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SMKA Sabak Bernam

SMKA Tun Hajah Rahah or Tun Hajah Rahah Religious National Secondary School (المدرسة الثانوية الوطنية الدينية سابق برنم; Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Agama Tun Hajah Rahah) is a Malaysia educational institution established in 1982.

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Spread of Islam in Indonesia

The history of arrival and spread of Islam in Indonesia is unclear.

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Succession to Muhammad

The succession to Muhammad is the central issue that divided the Muslim community into several divisions in the first century of Muslim history.

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Suhayb ar-Rumi

Suhayb ar-Rumi (صهيب الرومي) (born c. 587), also known as Suhayb ibn Sinan, was a former slave in the Byzantine Empire who went on to become an esteemed companion of Muhammad and revered member of the early Muslim community.

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Sunni Islam

Sunni Islam is the largest denomination of Islam.

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Sunni view of Umar

Sunni Muslims view Umar (580-644 AD), the second Rashidun Caliph, in a much more favourable way than Shi'a Muslims, who are of the opinion that he, Abu Bakr and Uthman usurped leadership over Muslims from Ali, Muhammad's nephew and son-in-law.

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Syrians

Syrians (سوريون), also known as the Syrian people (الشعب السوري ALA-LC: al-sha‘ab al-Sūrī; ܣܘܪܝܝܢ), are the inhabitants of Syria, who share a common Levantine Semitic ancestry.

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Ta'if

Ta'if (الطائف) is a city in Mecca Province of Saudi Arabia at an elevation of on the slopes of Sarawat Mountains (Al-Sarawat Mountains).

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Tabarra

Tabarra (تبرأ) is a doctrine that refers to the obligation of disassociation with those who oppose God and those who caused harm to and were the enemies of the Islamic prophet Muhammad or his family.

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Taifa of Valencia

The Taifa of Valencia was a medieval Moorish taifa kingdom which existed, in and around Valencia, Spain during four distinct periods: from 1010 to 1065, from 1075 to 1099, from 1145 to 1147 and last from 1229 to 1238 when it was finally conquered by the Aragon.

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Tang dynasty

The Tang dynasty or the Tang Empire was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.

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Taqi al-Din al-Nabhani

Muhammad Taqi al-Din bin Ibrahim bin Mustafah bin Ismail bin Yusuf al-Nabhani (1909 – December 11, 1977) was an Islamic scholar from Jerusalem who founded the Islamist political party Hizb ut-Tahrir.

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Tashkent

Tashkent (Toshkent, Тошкент, تاشكېنت,; Ташкент) is the capital and largest city of Uzbekistan, as well as the most populated city in Central Asia with a population in 2012 of 2,309,300.

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Tashkent Islamic University

Tashkent Islamic University (TIU) is a public university located in Tashkent, Uzbekistan.

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Textual Criticism and Qur’ān Manuscripts

Textual Criticism and Qur’ān Manuscripts is a 2011 book on the textual criticism of the Quran by Keith E. Small, a researcher and lecturer at the Centre for Islamic Studies and Muslim–Christian Relations at the London School of Theology.

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The event of Ghadir Khumm

The event of Ghadir Khumm (Arabic and Persian: واقعه غدیر خم) is an event that took place in March 632.

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The Four Books

The Four Books (al-Kutub al-Arbaʿah), or The Four Principles (al-Uṣūl al-Arbaʿah), is a Twelver Shia term referring to their four best-known ''hadith'' collections: Shi'a Muslims use different books of hadith from those in Sunni Six major Hadith collections.

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The Message (1976 film)

The Message (الرسالة Ar-Risālah; originally known as Mohammad, Messenger of God) is a 1976 epic historical drama film directed by Moustapha Akkad, chronicling the life and times of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

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The Muslim 100

The Muslim 100: The Lives, Thoughts and Achievements of the Most Influential Muslims in History is a 2008 book, written by Muhammad Mojlum Khan and published by Kube Publishing, listing the biographies of the 100 most influential Muslims in history.

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Timeline of 6th-century Muslim history

This century corresponds to approximately 126 - 23 BH.

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Timeline of 7th-century Muslim history

This century corresponds to approximately 23 BH - 81 AH.

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Timeline of Ali's life

* 17 March 599 coincided with Thirteenth of Rajab, 24 BH: Birth of Ali ibn Abi Talib in the Ka'ba, in the city of Mecca.

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Timeline of Medina

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Medina, Saudi Arabia.

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Timeline of the Sasanian Empire

The Sassanid Empire or Sassanian Dynasty is the name mused for the Persian dynasty which lasted from 224 to 651 AD.

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Timing of Sahabah becoming Muslims

Among Muslims, the timing of Sahabah becoming Muslims is of importance.

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Topkapı Palace

The Topkapı Palace (Topkapı Sarayı or in طوپقپو سرايى, Ṭopḳapu Sarāyı), or the Seraglio, is a large museum in Istanbul, Turkey.

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Topkapi manuscript

The Topkapi manuscript is an early manuscript of the Quran dated to the late 1st century / early 2nd century AH (i.e. early to mid 8th century AD) This manuscript is kept in the Topkapi Palace Museum, Istanbul, Turkey.

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Twelver

Twelver (translit; شیعه دوازده‌امامی) or Imamiyyah (إمامية) is the largest branch of Shia Islam.

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Ubay ibn Ka'b

Ubbay ibn Ka'ab (died 649), also known as Abu Mundhir (the father of Mundhir), was a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a person of high esteem in the early Muslim community.

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Umar

Umar, also spelled Omar (عمر بن الخطاب, "Umar, Son of Al-Khattab"; c. 584 CE 3 November 644 CE), was one of the most powerful and influential Muslim caliphs in history.

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Umar at Fatimah's house

Umar at Fatimah's house refers to the event where Umar and his supporters went to the house of Fatimah, the daughter of the prophet Muhammad, in order to get the allegiance of Ali and his followers.

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Umayyad Caliphate

The Umayyad Caliphate (ٱلْخِلافَةُ ٱلأُمَوِيَّة, trans. Al-Khilāfatu al-ʾUmawiyyah), also spelt, was the second of the four major caliphates established after the death of Muhammad.

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Umayyad conquest of Hispania

The Umayyad conquest of Hispania was the initial expansion of the Umayyad Caliphate over Hispania, largely extending from 711 to 788.

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Umayyad family tree

This is a family tree of the Umayyad dynasty, whose name derives from Umayya ibn Abd Shams.

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Umm Ayman

Barakah (بَـرَكَـة) the daughter of Tha'alaba bin Amr, known as Umme Aymen (أمّ أيمن), was the Second Mother of the Prophet of Islam, she was an Abyssinian slave girl of Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib, or his wife Aminah.

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Umm Hakim bint Abdul Muttalib

Umm Hakim bint Abdul Muttalib was an aunt of Muhammad.

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Umm Kulthum bint Muhammad

Umm Kulthum (أم كلثوم) (603–630) is considered to be the third daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad by his first wife Khadijah bint Khuwaylid.

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Umm Kulthum bint Uqba

Umm Kulthum bint Uqba (أم كلثوم بنت عقبة) (c.610-c.654) was a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

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Umm Sulaym bint Milhan

Rumaysa bint Milhan (الرميصاء بنت ملحان; died 650 CE), popularly known by her kunya as Umm Sulaym, was one of the earliest women converts to Islam in Yathrib (now Medina).

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United Submitters International

United Submitters International (also called the Submitters) is a reformist moderate Islamic religious community, and is a branch of Quraniyoon.

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Uqba ibn Abu Mu'ayt

Uqba ibn Abu Mu'ayt (عقبة بن أبو معيط) (died 624) was one of the principal adversaries of Islam.

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Urwah ibn Zubayr

'Urwah ibn al-Zubayr ibn al-'Awwam al-Asadi (عروة بن الزبير بن العوام الأسدي., died 713) was among the seven fuqaha (jurists) who formulated the fiqh of Medina in the time of the Tabi‘in and one of the Muslim historians.

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Uthman (name)

Uthman (also spelled Othman, عثمان) is a male Arabic given name.

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War of succession

A war of succession or succession war is a war prompted by a succession crisis in which two or more individuals claim the right of successor to a deceased or deposed monarch.

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Women in Islam

The experiences of Muslim women (Muslimāt, singular مسلمة Muslima) vary widely between and within different societies.

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Wudu

Wuḍūʾ (الوضوء) is the Islamic procedure for washing parts of the body, a type of ritual purification.

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Zafar Khan (Indian general)

Hizabruddin, better known by his title Zafar Khan, was a general of the Delhi Sultanate ruler Alauddin Khalji.

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Zaidiyyah

Zaidiyyah or Zaidism (الزيدية az-zaydiyya, adjective form Zaidi or Zaydi) is one of the Shia sects closest in terms of theology to Hanafi Sunni Islam.

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Zakat

Zakat (زكاة., "that which purifies", also Zakat al-mal زكاة المال, "zakat on wealth", or Zakah) is a form of alms-giving treated in Islam as a religious obligation or tax, which, by Quranic ranking, is next after prayer (salat) in importance.

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Zayd ibn Harithah

Zayd ibn Harithah (زيد بن حارثة) (c. 581 – 629 CE) was a companion of Muhammad who was at one stage regarded as his (adoptive) son.

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Zayd ibn Thabit

According to Islamic traditions, Zayd ibn Thabit (زيد بن ثابت) was the personal scribe of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and was from the ansar (helpers).

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Zubayr ibn al-Awam

Az-Zubayr ibn Al-Awam (594–656) was a companion of Muhammad and a commander in the Rashidun army.

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1st millennium

The first millennium was a period of time that began on January 1, AD 1, and ended on December 31, AD 1000, of the Julian calendar.

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4

4 (four) is a number, numeral, and glyph.

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577

Year 577 (DLXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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644

Year 644 (DCXLIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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646

Year 646 (DCXLVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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651

Year 651 (DCLI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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652

Year 652 (DCLII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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656

Year 656 (DCLVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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7th century

The 7th century is the period from 601 to 700 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Common Era.

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7th century in poetry

No description.

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Redirects here:

'Uthman, 'Uthman ibn 'Affan, Abd-Allah ibn Uthman, Amr ibn Uthman, Caliph Othman, Caliph Uthman, Caliphate of Uthman, Dhu-n nurayn, Othman, Othman bin Affan, Othman ibn Affan, Usman ibn Affan, Usman ibn al-Affan, Uthman I, Uthman Ibn 'Affan, Uthman Ibn Affan, Uthman bin Affan, Uthman bin Affane, Uthman ibn Affan, Uthman ibn al-Affan, Uthmanic, Uthmān, `Uthman, ʻUthmān ibn ʻAffān, ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān, عثمان, عثمان بن عفان, ‘Uthman ibn ‘Affan.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uthman

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