Communication

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Hästö, SU-100Y Self-Propelled Gun, Submachine gun, Sudet, Suite on Finnish Themes, Sulo Cederström, Sune Mangs, Suomen Joutsen, Suomen Talvisota 1939–1940, Suomi Finland Perkele, Suomi KP/-31, Suomi-Filmi, Suomussalmi, Suoyarvi, Suppressed research in the Soviet Union, Svenska Aero Jaktfalken, Svetogorsk, Svobodnoye, Leningrad Oblast, SVT-40, Sweden, Sweden and the Winter War, Sweden during World War II, Sweden during World War II (timeline), Sweden Finns, Swedes, Swedish Air Force, Swedish intervention in the Winter War, Swedish iron-ore mining during World War II, Swedish Mauser, Swedish neutrality, Swedish Volunteer Corps (Winter War), Swedish-speaking population of Finland, Sword Scabbard Declaration, Symphony No. 8 (Sibelius), T-100 tank, T-26, T-26 variants, T-28, T-34, T-35, T-37A tank, T-38 tank, Taisto Mäki, Talvisota, Talvisota: Icy Hell, Tampereen-Viipurin Ilves-Kissat, Tancred Borenius, Tank corps (Soviet Union), Tanks in the Soviet Union, Tanks in World War II, Tapio Rautavaara, Tarmo (1907 icebreaker), Tauno Frans Mustanoja, Teletank, Telogreika, Temporary capital, Teplokhod-class motor minelayer, The Art of War (Sabaton album), The Battle of Russia, The Day Will Dawn, The Eagle Has Flown, The Gamers, The Great Fortune, The Tales of Ensign Stål, The Unknown Soldier (2017 film), The Unknown Soldier (novel), The Wimsey Papers, The Winter War (film), The World at War, There Shall Be No Night, Tikkakoski secondary school, Timeline of events preceding World War II, Timeline of Finnish history, Timeline of Russian history, Timeline of the 20th century, Timeline of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, Timeline of the Norwegian Campaign, Timeline of the occupation of the Baltic states, Timeline of the Winter War, Timeline of World War II (1939), Timofey Khryukin, Toivo Antikainen, Toivo Mikael Kivimäki, Toivo Vähä, Tom of Finland, Tor Nessling, Torstein Dale, Training Air Wing, Finnish Air Force, Transit of German troops through Finland and Sweden, Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, Treaty of Tartu (Russian–Finnish), Treaty on the Creation of the USSR, Tripartite Pact, TT pistol, Tuman (Soviet patrol boat), Tupolev SB, Tupolev TB-3, Turku, Turku Castle, Turku Coastal Regiment, Turun normaalikoulu, Ukrainian Congress Committee of America, United Nations Security Council veto power, Unmanned ground vehicle, Uno Ullberg, Uragan-class guard ship, Urho Kekkonen, Urho Lehtovaara, Usadishche, Vyborgsky District, Leningrad Oblast, Ushanka, Ushkovo, Saint Petersburg, USS West Carnifax (ID-3812), Uuno Klami, Uusimaa Brigade, Valaam, Valaam Monastery, Valdemar Rørdam, Valentina Tereshkova, Valerian A. Frolov, Vardøhus Fortress, Vasili Sergeyevich Arkhipov, Vasily Afonin, Vasily Chuikov, Vasily Degtyaryov, Vasily Fedotov (Major-General), Vasily Gordov, Vasily Margelov, Vasily Myachin, Vasily Popov (Soviet general), Vasily Zhilin, Väinö Leskinen, Väinö Myllyrinne, Väinö Tanner, Väinö Valve, Vecheslav Zagonek, Veshchevo, Vickers 6-Ton, Victor Gollancz, Victor Gollancz Ltd, Viggo Widerøe, Vihtori Kosola, Viipuri Province, Viipurin Reipas, Viking Tamm, Viktor Leselidze, Viktor Talalikhin, Vilho Petter Nenonen, Vimpeli, Vincas Vitkauskas, ViPS Viipuri, Virginia Cowles, VL Myrsky, Vladimir Janjgava, Vladimir Kirpichnikov (general), Vladimir Kryukov (general), Vladimir Kurdyumov, Vladimir Petlyakov, Vladimir Shalimov, Vladimir Stavsky, Vladimir Sudets, VMV-class patrol boat, Voima (1924 icebreaker), Volchya River (Vuoksi tributary), Vsevolod Vishnevsky, Vuoksela, Vuoksi River, Vyacheslav Molotov, Vyborg, Vyborg Cathedral, Vyborg Synagogue, Vyborg–Joensuu railroad, Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive, Vyborgsky District, Leningrad Oblast, Vysotsk, Waco Custom Cabin series, Walter Citrine, 1st Baron Citrine, War children, War-responsibility trials in Finland, Webb Miller (journalist), Well poisoning, Welles Declaration, Werner Söderhjelm, When It's Lamp Lighting Time in the Valley, White (political adjective), White Guard (Finland), White Sea–Baltic Canal, Why We Fight, Wilhelm von Tangen Hansteen, Wilhelm Wahlforss, Wiljo Tuompo, William Boyle, 12th Earl of Cork and Orrery, William Fox (actor), William R. Trotter, Winston Burdett, Winston Churchill, Winter, Winter Offensive, Winter War (disambiguation), Winter War in popular culture, Wm. Crichton & Co., Workers Party (United States), World War II, World War II by country, World War II casualties, World War II casualties of the Soviet Union, World War II evacuation and expulsion, Wrzesień żagwiący, Yashino, Leningrad Oblast, Yekaterina Zelenko, Yevgeni Ivanovski, Yevgeny Petrovich Fyodorov, Yrjö Leino, Yrjö Vesa, Yuri Nikulin, Zaporozhskoye, Zelenogorsk, Saint Petersburg, Zhurahon Rahmonberdievich Rahmonov, Zinoviy Kolobanov, ZIS-5 (truck), Zoya Voskresenskaya, .55 Boys, 10.5 cm kanon m/34, 100th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 102mm 60 caliber Pattern 1911, 107 mm gun M1910, 107 mm gun M1910/30, 10th Rifle Corps, 10th Special Forces Group (United States), 10th Tank Corps, 11th Rifle Division, 12.7×108mm, 120 mm 50 caliber Pattern 1905, 120mm 45 caliber Pattern 1892, 122 mm gun M1931 (A-19), 122 mm gun M1931/37 (A-19), 122 mm howitzer M1909, 122 mm howitzer M1909/37, 122 mm howitzer M1910, 122 mm howitzer M1910/30, 130 mm/50 B13 Pattern 1936, 138th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 1391 Carelia, 139th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 13th Army (Soviet Union), 13th Guards Rifle Division, 142nd Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 14th Army (Soviet Union), 14th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 15 cm schwere Feldhaubitze M. 15, 152 mm 45 caliber Pattern 1892, 152 mm gun M1935 (Br-2), 152 mm howitzer M1909/30, 152 mm howitzer M1910, 152 mm howitzer-gun M1937 (ML-20), 15th Army (Soviet Union), 161st Mechanised Brigade (Ukraine), 169th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht), 177th Fighter Aviation Regiment PVO, 17th Rifle Division, 18th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 1928 Summa, 1929 Kollaa, 1939, 1939 in aviation, 1939 Mestaruussarja – Finnish League Championship, 1939–40 SM-sarja season, 1940, 1940 in aviation, 1940 Soviet ultimatum to Lithuania, 1940 Summer Olympics, 1940–44 insurgency in Chechnya, 1941 in aviation, 1948 Winter Olympics, 1st Army Corps (Soviet Union), 20 ITK 40 VKT, 203 mm 50 caliber Pattern 1905, 20th-century events, 21 cm Mörser 16, 24th Cavalry Division (Soviet Union), 24th Mechanized Brigade (Ukraine), 25 mm Hotchkiss anti-tank gun, 280 mm mortar M1939 (Br-5), 2nd Division (Norway), 324th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 37mm Spade Mortar, 37th Rifle Division, 3rd Rifle Corps, 42-line field gun M1877, 42nd Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 43rd Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 44th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 49th (West Riding) Infantry Division, 49th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 4th Airborne Corps (Soviet Union), 4th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 502nd Infantry Regiment (United States), 50th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 51st Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 52nd Rifle Division, 54th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 57 mm anti-tank gun M1943 (ZiS-2), 5th SS Panzer Division Wiking, 6 inch 35 caliber naval gun 1877, 6-inch siege gun M1904, 61st Infantry Regiment (Finland), 62nd Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 7,62 ITKK 31 VKT, 7.62×54mmR, 7.63×25mm Mauser, 70th Rifle Division, 75 mm Gun M1917, 75mm 50 caliber Pattern 1892, 76 mm air defense gun M1931, 76 mm air-defense gun M1914/15, 76 mm divisional gun M1933, 76 mm divisional gun M1936 (F-22), 76 mm divisional gun M1939 (USV), 76 mm regimental gun M1927, 7th Army (Soviet Union), 7th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 86th Rifle Division (Soviet Union), 8th Army (Soviet Union), 8th Rifle Division, 91st Rifle Division, 95th Rifle Division, 98th Guards Airborne Division, 9th Army (Soviet Union). 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Aarne Juutilainen

Aarne Edward Juutilainen (18 October 1904 – 28 October 1976), nicknamed "The Terror of Morocco", was a Finnish army captain who served in the French Foreign Legion in Morocco between 1930 and 1935.

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Aarne Lakomaa

Aarne Lakomaa (1914–2001) was a Finnish aircraft designer.

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Aarne Sihvo

Aarne Sihvo (22 November 1889 – 12 June 1963) was a Finnish general.

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Aarno Yrjö-Koskinen

Aarno Armas Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen (9 December 1885, Helsinki – 8 June 1951, Helsinki) was a Finnish politician, Envoy and freiherr.

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Aaro Kivilinna Memorial Trophy

The Aaro Kivilinna Memorial Trophy is an award given every year since 1973 to the best ice hockey club overall in Finland by the Finnish SM-liiga.

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Aaro Pajari

Aaro Olavi Pajari (17 July 1897 – 14 October 1949) was a Major General in the Finnish Army.

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Abdurrahman Fatalibeyli

Abdurrahman Fatalibeyli (birth surname Dudanginski, (Абдулрахман Фаталибейли-Дудангинский, Ədrürrəhman bəy Fətəlibəyli-Düdənginski) or Abo Alioglu Fatalibeyli-Dudanginsky Або Алиевич Дудангинский / Əbo Əliyeviç Düdənginski), born Abo Dudanginski (June 12, 1908, Dudanga – November 1954, Munich) was a Soviet army major who defected to the German forces during World War II.

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Academic Karelia Society

The Academic Karelia Society (Akateeminen Karjala-Seura, AKS) was a Finnish elitist nationalist and Finno-Ugric activist organization aiming at the growth and improvement of newly independent Finland, founded by academics and students of the University of Finland in 1922.

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Administrative divisions of Leningrad Oblast

Administratively, Leningrad Oblast is divided into seventeen districts and a town of oblast significance, Sosnovy Bor.

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Administrative divisions of Murmansk Oblast

Murmansk Oblast is a federal subject of Russia, which is located in the northwestern part of the country, occupying mostly the Kola Peninsula.

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Adolf Ehrnrooth

Adolf Erik Ehrnrooth (9 February 1905, Helsinki – 26 February 2004) was a Finnish general who served during the Winter and Continuation wars.

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Adolf Taimi

Adolf Taimi (1881 – 1955) was a Finnish-Russian Bolshevik and a member of the People's Delegation during the Finnish Civil War.

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Aerial warfare in the Winter War

The aerial warfare in the Winter War was the aerial aspect of the Winter War between Finland and the Soviet Union from 30 November 1939 to 13 March 1940.

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Aerosani

An aerosani (aerosani, literally 'aerosled') is a type of propeller-driven snowmobile, running on skis, used for communications, mail deliveries, medical aid, emergency recovery and border patrolling in northern Russia, as well as for recreation.

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Aftermath of the Winter War

The Aftermath of the Winter War covers historical events and comments after the Winter War between Finland and the Soviet Union from 30 November 1939 to 13 March 1940.

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Aftermath of World War II

The Aftermath of World War II was the beginning of an era defined by the decline of all great powers except for the Soviet Union and the United States, and the simultaneous rise of two superpowers: the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States of America (USA).

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Ahti Karjalainen

Ahti Kalle Samuli Karjalainen (10 February 1923 – 7 September 1990) was a Finnish politician.

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Aimo Cajander

Aimo Kaarlo Cajander (4 April 1879 in Uusikaupunki – 21 January 1943 in Helsinki) was, outside of botany, best known as Prime Minister of Finland up to the Winter War.

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Air army (Soviet Union)

An air army was a type of formation of the Soviet Air Forces from 1936 until the dissolution of the USSR in 1991.

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Aksel Airo

Aksel Fredrik Airo (1898, Turku – 1985) was a Finnish lieutenant general and main strategic planner during the Winter War and the Continuation War.

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Aksel Larsen

Aksel Larsen (August 5, 1897 – January 10, 1972) was a Danish politician who was chairman of the Communist Party of Denmark and chairman and founder of the Socialist People's Party.

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Akseli Anttila

Akseli Anttila (А́ксель Моисее́вич А́нтилла, March 26, 1897 – March 11, 1953) was a Finnish-born Soviet major general of the Red Army.

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Aladár Paasonen

Colonel Aladár Antero Zoltán Béla Gyula Árpád Paasonen (December 11, 1898, Budapest, Austria-Hungary – July 6, 1974 Flourtown, Pennsylvania, United States), known as Aladár Paasonen, was a Finnish military officer who served as Chief of Intelligence of the Finnish Defence Forces during the Continuation War, and later in the CIA.

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Albert Lindsay von Julin

Albert Ludvig Lindsay von Julin (2 August 1871 — 8 May 1944) was a Finnish engineer, businessman and vuorineuvos.

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Albert Szent-Györgyi

Albert Szent-Györgyi von Nagyrápolt (nagyrápolti Szent-Györgyi Albert; September 16, 1893 – October 22, 1986) was a Hungarian biochemist who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1937.

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Aleksandr Avdeyev (pilot)

Aleksandr Fyodorovich Avdeyev (Александр Фёдорович Авдеев; 5 August 1916 – 12 August 1942) was a Soviet fighter ace of World War II with 13 victories claimed.

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Aleksandr Tvardovsky

Aleksandr Trifonovich Tvardovsky (p; – 18 December 1971) was a Soviet poet and writer and chief editor of Novy Mir literary magazine from 1950 to 1954 and 1958 to 1970.

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Aleksandr Vasilevsky

Aleksandr Mikhaylovich Vasilevsky (September 30 1895 – December 5, 1977) was a Russian career officer in the Red Army who was promoted to the rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union in 1943.

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Aleksandra Samusenko

Aleksandra Grigoryevna Samusenko (Александра Григорьевна Самусенко, Олександра Григорівна Самусенко; 1922 – 3 March 1945) was a Soviet commander of the T-34 tank and a liaison officer during World War II.

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Aleksei Aleksandrovich Grechkin

Aleksei Aleksandrovich Grechkin (Алексей Александрович Гречкин, 26 March 1893 – 30 August 1964) was a Soviet army commander.

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Aleksey Vysotsky

Aleksej Vladimirovich Vysotsky (Алексе́й Владимирович Высоцкий) (18 July 1919 in Kiev – 28 October 1977 in Moscow) was a Soviet Union journalist and author, as well as a hero of World War II who attained the rank of Colonel.

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Alexander Kazankin

Alexander Fyodorovich Kazankin (Александр Фёдорович Казанкин; 15 April 1900 – 20 March 1955) was a Red Army Lieutenant general who commanded the Soviet airborne.

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Alexander Nikolayev

Alexander Petrovich Nikolayev (Russian: Александр Петрович Николаев; 14 November 1918 – 13 June 2009) was a Red Army senior lieutenant and Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Alexander Novikov

Alexander Alexandrovich Novikov (Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Но́виков; – December 3, 1976) was the Chief marshal of the aviation for the Soviet Air Force during Russia's involvement in the Second World War.

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Alexander Prokofyev

Alexander Andreyevich Prokofyev (Алекса́ндр Андре́евич Проко́фьев;, Kobona –18 September 1971, Leningrad) was a Soviet poet.

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Alexander Shelepin

Alexander Nikolayevich Shelepin (18 August 1918 – 24 October 1994) was a Soviet politician and security and intelligence officer.

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Alexandra Kollontai

Alexandra Mikhailovna Kollontai (Алекса́ндра Миха́йловна Коллонта́й — née Domontovich, Домонто́вич; – 9 March 1952) was a Russian Communist revolutionary, first as a member of the Mensheviks, then from 1915 on as a Bolshevik.

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Alexei Berest

Oleksiy Prokopovych Berest (Ukrainian: Олексій Прокопович Берест. Russified: Алексей Прокопьевич Берест; March 9, 1921 – November 4, 1970) was a Soviet political officer and one of the three Red Army soldiers who hoisted the Victory Banner.

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Alexei Vinogradov

Alexei Ivanovich Vinogradov (Алексе́й Ива́нович Виногра́дов; 12 February 1899 – 11 January 1940) was a Soviet kombrig and the commander of the 44th Rifle Division.

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Alexey Rodin (general)

Alexey Grigoryevich Rodin (Russian: Алексей Григорьевич Родин; 17 February 1902 – 27 May 1955) was a Soviet Army colonel general and Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Algoth Niska

Algoth Niska (5 December 1888 – 28 May 1954) was a Finnish bootlegger, footballer and adventurer.

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Alko

Alko is the national alcoholic beverage retailing monopoly in Finland.

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Allan Staffans

Allan Walfrid Staffans (13 February 1880 – 19 October 1946) was a Finnish technician, vuorineuvos and shipbuilder.

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Allied General

Allied General is a turn-based strategy video game set in World War II that features the Allied side of operations.

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Allied leaders of World War II

The Allied leaders of World War II listed below comprise the important political and military figures who fought for or supported the Allies during World War II.

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Allies of World War II

The Allies of World War II, called the United Nations from the 1 January 1942 declaration, were the countries that together opposed the Axis powers during the Second World War (1939–1945).

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Alta Battalion

The Alta Battalion (Alta bataljon) was an independent battalion within the Norwegian 6th Division based in the village of Alta in western Finnmark and commanded by Lt.

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Alvar Aalto

Hugo Alvar Henrik Aalto (3 February 1898 – 11 May 1976) was a Finnish architect and designer.

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Ambush (1999 film)

Ambush (Rukajärven tie) is a 1999 Finnish war film directed by Olli Saarela.

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American Artists' Congress

The American Artists' Congress (AAC) was an organization founded in February 1936 as part of the popular front of the Communist Party USA as a vehicle for uniting graphic artists in projects helping to combat the spread of fascism.

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American Student Union

The American Student Union (ASU) was a national left-wing organization of college students of the 1930s, best remembered for its protest activities against militarism.

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Anatoly Petrakovsky

Anatoly Iosifovich Petrakovsky (Russian: Анатолий Иосифович Петраковский; 28 December 1901 – 3 September 1969) was a Ukrainian Soviet Army major general and Hero of the Soviet Union.

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André Weil

André Weil (6 May 1906 – 6 August 1998) was an influential French mathematician of the 20th century, known for his foundational work in number theory, algebraic geometry.

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Andrey Matveyevich Andreyev

Andrey Matveyevich Andreyev (Russian: Андрей Матвеевич Андреев; 30 October 1905-17 November 1983) was a Soviet Army Colonel general and Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Andrey Vitruk

Andrey Nikiforovich Vitruk (Андрей Никифорович Витрук; 7 July 1902 – 1 June 1946) was a Soviet military officer, a Major General of the Soviet Air Forces and a Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Anglo-French Supreme War Council

The Anglo-French Supreme War Council (SWC) was established to oversee joint military strategy at the start of the Second World War.

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Antero Svensson

Antero Svensson (30 November 1892, Raisio – 26 April 1946, Hämeenlinna) was a Finnish major general.

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Anti-Russian sentiment

Anti-Russian sentiment or Russophobia is a diverse spectrum of negative feelings, dislikes, fears, aversion, derision and/or prejudice of Russia, Russians or Russian culture.

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Anti-tank mine

An anti-tank mine (abbreviated to "AT mine") is a type of land mine designed to damage or destroy vehicles including tanks and armored fighting vehicles.

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Anti-tank warfare

Anti-tank warfare arose as a result of the need to develop technology and tactics to destroy tanks during World War I. Since the first tanks were developed by the Triple Entente in 1916 but not operated in battle until 1917, the first anti-tank weapons were developed by the German Empire.

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Antti Isotalo (Jäger)

Antti Isotalo (13 January 1895, Alahärmä – 17 March 1964) was a Finnish Jäger, lieutenant, military recruiter, commandant and farmer.

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Antti Johannes Rantamaa

Antti Johannes Rantamaa (1904 in Merikarvia – 1987) was a Finnish member of the Finnish Parliament, figure of the Winter War, author and one of the heads of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland.

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Archipelago Sea

The Archipelago Sea (Finnish: Saaristomeri, Swedish: Skärgårdshavet) is a part of the Baltic Sea between the Gulf of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland and the Sea of Åland, within Finnish territorial waters.

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Arctic naval operations of World War II

The Arctic Circle defining the "midnight sun" encompasses the Atlantic Ocean from the northern edge of Iceland to the Bering Strait.

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Armas Äikiä

Armas Äikiä (1904–1965) was a Finnish communist writer and journalist.

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Armas-Eino Martola

Armas-Eino Martola (12 May 1896, Raahe – 5 February 1986, Helsinki) was a Finnish general.

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Armed Forces Day

Several nations of the world hold an annual Armed Forces Day in honor of their military forces.

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Armoured fighting vehicle

An armoured fighting vehicle (AFV) is an armed combat vehicle protected by armour, generally combining operational mobility with offensive and defensive capabilities.

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Armoured warfare

Armoured warfare, mechanised warfare or tank warfare is the use of armoured fighting vehicles in modern warfare.

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Army of Karelia

The Karelian Army (Karjalan armeija) was a Finnish army during the Continuation War.

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Army of the Isthmus

The Army of the Isthmus (Kannaksen Armeija) was a formation of the Finnish Army during the Winter War.

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Arndt Pekurinen

Arndt Juho Pekurinen (29 August 1905 in Juva, Finland – 5 November 1941 in Karelia) was a Finnish pacifist and conscientious objector.

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Arne Somersalo

Arne Sakari Somersalo (born 18 March 1891 in Tampere as Arne Sommer – died 17 August 1941 near Kiestinki, Soviet Union) was a Finnish officer and anti-communist activist.

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Arnold Majewski

Arnold Majewski (29 November 1892, Tallinn – 10 October 1942, Rukajärvi) was a legendary Finnish cavalry officer of Polish origin.

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Arnold Rørholt (jurist)

Arnold Anderssøn Rørholt (21 January 1909 – 23 April 1986) was a Norwegian jurist and refugee worker.

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Arthur Nordenswan

Arthur Georg Nordenswan (27 January 1883 – 29 December 1970) was a Swedish Army officer and sport shooter who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics.

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Arthur Vandenberg

Arthur Hendrick Vandenberg (March 22, 1884April 18, 1951) was an American politician who served as a United States Senator from Michigan from 1928 to 1951.

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Artillery Brigade (Finland)

The Artillery Brigade (Tykistöprikaati) was a Finnish Army unit stationed in Niinisalo in western Finland.

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Arvo Tuominen

Arvo “Poika” Tuominen (5 September 1894 – 27 May 1981) was a Finnish communist revolutionary and later a social democratic journalist, politician and author.

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Asymmetric warfare

Asymmetric warfare (or asymmetric engagement) is war between belligerents whose relative military power differs significantly, or whose strategy or tactics differ significantly.

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Avaz Verdiyev

Avaz Hashim oglu Verdiyev (19161 May 1945) was an Azerbaijani Red Army Senior Sergeant and a Hero of the Soviet Union.

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AVS-36

The AVS-36 (from Avtomaticheskaya Vintovka Simonova 1936 model; Автоматическая винтовка Симонова образца 1936 года (АВС-36)) was a Soviet automatic rifle which saw service in the early years of World War II.

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Axis and Soviet air operations during Operation Barbarossa

Axis and Soviet air operations during Operation Barbarossa took place over a six-month period, 22 June – December, 1941.

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Axis powers

The Axis powers (Achsenmächte; Potenze dell'Asse; 枢軸国 Sūjikukoku), also known as the Axis and the Rome–Berlin–Tokyo Axis, were the nations that fought in World War II against the Allied forces.

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Édouard Daladier

Édouard Daladier (18 June 1884 – 10 October 1970) was a French "radical" (i.e. centre-left) politician and the Prime Minister of France at the start of the Second World War.

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BA-20

The BA-20 (italic) was an armored car developed in the Soviet Union in 1934.

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BA-3/6

The BA-3 (Broneavtomobil 3) was a heavy armored car developed in the Soviet Union in 1933, followed by a slightly changed model BA-6 in 1936.

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BA-30

The BA-30 was a Soviet half-track armored car developed in 1937.

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Background of the occupation of the Baltic states

The background of the occupation of the Baltic states covers the period before the first Soviet occupation on 14 June 1940, stretching from independence in 1918 to the Soviet ultimatums in 1939–1940.

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Background of the Winter War

The background of the Winter War covers the period before the outbreak of the Winter War between Finland and the Soviet Union in 1939–1940, stretching from Finland's Declaration of Independence in 1917 to the Soviet-Finnish negotiations in 1938–1939.

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Balloon (aeronautics)

In aeronautics, a balloon is an unpowered aerostat, which remains aloft or floats due to its buoyancy.

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Baltic Fleet

The Baltic Fleet (Балтийский флот) is the fleet of the Russian Navy in the Baltic Sea.

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Baltic Sea campaigns (1939–45)

The Baltic Sea Campaigns were conducted by Axis and Allied naval forces in the Baltic Sea, its coastal regions, and the Gulf of Finland during World War II.

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Bandyliiga

Bandyliiga (Finnish) or Bandyligan (Swedish; English: Bandy League) is the top level of bandy in Finland.

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Barbro Alving

Barbro Alving (12 January 1909 – 22 January 1987) was a Swedish journalist and writer, a pacifist and feminist, often using the pseudonym Bang.

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Barents Sea

The Barents Sea (Barentshavet; Баренцево море, Barentsevo More) is a marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean, located off the northern coasts of Norway and Russia divided between Norwegian and Russian territorial waters.

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Baryshevo, Leningrad Oblast

Baryshevo (Барышево; Pölläkkälä) is a rural locality on Karelian Isthmus, in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast.

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Battle casualties of World War II

The article summarizes casualties in different theatres of World War II in Europe and North Africa.

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Battle of Hanko (1941)

The Battle of Hanko (also known as the Hanko Front or the Siege of Hanko) was a lengthy series of small battles fought on Hanko Peninsula during the Continuation War between Finland and the Soviet Union in the second half of 1941.

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Battle of Hegra Fortress

The Battle of Hegra Fortress was a 25-day engagement in the 1940 Norwegian Campaign which saw a small force of Norwegian volunteers fighting numerically superior German forces from a fortified position.

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Battle of Honkaniemi

The Battle of Honkaniemi was fought between Finnish and Soviet forces on 26 February 1940.

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Battle of Ilomantsi

The Battle of Ilomantsi was a part of the Continuation War (1941–1944).

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Battle of Isted

The Battle of Isted (Slaget på Isted Hede; Die Schlacht bei Idstedt) took place on 25 July 1850 near the village of Idstedt (Danish: Isted), in what is today Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.

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Battle of Kelja

The Battle of Kelja, fought from December 25 to December 27, 1939 in and around the village of Kelja (now Portovoe, Priozersky District, Leningrad Oblast, Russia), was a part of the Winter War between Finland and the Soviet Union.

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Battle of Kollaa

The Battle of Kollaa was fought from December 7, 1939, to March 13, 1940, in Ladoga's Karelia, Finland, as a part of the Soviet-Finnish Winter War.

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Battle of Petsamo (1939)

The Battle of Petsamo was fought between Finnish and Soviet troops in the area of Petsamo in the far north of Finland in 1939 and 1940.

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Battle of Porlampi

The Battle of Porlampi, also known as the Battle of Porlammi, was a military engagement fought between the Finnish Army and Red Army from 30 August to 1 September 1941 on the Karelian Isthmus.

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Battle of Raate Road

The Battle of Raate Road was a battle fought during the Winter War between the Soviet Union and Finland in January 1940, as a part of the Battle of Suomussalmi.

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Battle of Salla (1939)

The Battle of Salla was fought between Finnish and Soviet troops near Salla in northern Finland during the Winter War.

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Battle of Someri

The Battle of Someri was a battle in the Gulf of Finland during World War II on 8–9 July 1942, between the Soviet Union and Finland.

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Battle of Summa

The Battle of Summa was fought between the Soviet Union and Finland, in two phases, first in December 1939 and then in February 1940.

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Battle of Suomussalmi

The Battle of Suomussalmi was a battle fought between Finnish and Soviet forces in the Winter War.

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Battle of Taipale

The Battle of Taipale was fought between Soviet and Finnish forces during the Winter War, 6–27 December 1939.

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Battle of Tolvajärvi

The Battle of Tolvajärvi (Tolvajärven–Ägläjärven taistelu, Битва при Толваярви) was fought on 12 December 1939 between Finland and the Soviet Union.

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Battle of Vyborg Bay (1944)

The Battle of Vyborg Bay (Viipurinlahden taistelu) was fought in the Finnish-Soviet Continuation War (1941–1944).

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Battlefield 1942

Battlefield 1942 is a first-person shooter video game developed by Digital Illusions Creative Entertainment and published by Electronic Arts for Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X. The game can be played in single-player mode against the video game AI or in multiplayer mode against players on the Internet or in a local area network.

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Battles of Narvik

The Battles of Narvik were fought from 9 April to 8 June 1940 as a naval battle in the Ofotfjord and as a land battle in the mountains surrounding the north Norwegian city of Narvik as part of the Norwegian Campaign of the Second World War.

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Battleships in World War II

World War II saw the end of the battleship as the dominant force in the world's navies.

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Beloostrov

Beloostrov (Белоо́стров; Valkeasaari, both meaning lit. White Island), from 1922 to World War II—Krasnoostrov (Красноо́стров, lit. Red Island), is a municipal settlement in Kurortny District of the federal city of St. Petersburg, Russia, located on the Sestra River, Karelian Isthmus.

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Benjamin B. Rubinstein

Benjamin Björn Rubinstein (April 12, 1905 in Helsinki, Finland – July 12, 1989 in New York City) was a Finnish Jewish–American physician and psychoanalyst.

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Berdan rifle

The Berdan rifle (винтовка Бердана/vintovka Berdana in Russian) is a Russian rifle created by famous American firearms expert and inventor Hiram Berdan in 1868.

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Bernhard Paus

Bernhard Cathrinus Paus (9 November 1910 – 9 February 1999) was a Norwegian orthopedic surgeon and humanitarian.

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Bertel Gripenberg

Bertel Johan Sebastian, Baron Gripenberg, born 19 September 1878 in Saint Petersburg, died 6 May 1947, was a Finland-Swedish poet.

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Bertel Långhjelm

Curt Bertel Casimir Långhjelm (4 June 1903 — 16 February 1987) was a Finnish engineer, businessman and vuorineuvos.

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Birger Ek

Rolf Birger Ek (born 23 January 1911 in Kymi, Finland, dead 7 July 1990 in Lahti) was a Finnish pilot and Mannerheim Cross Knight.

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Birger Nordholm

Birger Joseph Nordholm, RNO, RVO, (June 25, 1897 – November 30, 1989), was a Swedish-American founding director of the Swedish National Tourist Office in New York City, the 1st Chairman of the European Travel Commission, a Managing Director of the Swedish-American Chamber of Commerce, Manager of the Swedish State Railways Travel Information Bureau and a lifelong member of the Scandinavian Travel Commission.

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Birger Wasenius

Birger Wasenius (7 December 1911 – 2 January 1940) was a Finnish World Champion in speed skating.

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Björn Bjuggren

Björn Gustaf Eriksson Bjuggren, “Bjuggas”, (29 January 1904 – 4 April 1968) was a Swedish Air Force lieutenant general and aviator.

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Björn-Olof Alholm

Björn-Olof Alholm (25 April 1925 Mikkeli - 17 June 2011 Helsinki) was a Finnish ambassador who made a 40-year career in Foreign Affairs and was a known as dissident during the Urho Kekkonen presidencyJarmo Viljakainen, Suurlähettiläs oli toisinajattelija Kekkosen kaudella.

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BL 8-inch howitzer Mk VI – VIII

The BL 8-inch howitzer Marks VI, VII and VIII (6, 7 and 8)Britain used Roman numerals to designate Marks (i.e. models) of ordnance until after World War II.

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Black comedy

Black comedy, also known as dark comedy or gallows humor, is a comic style that makes light of subject matter that is generally considered taboo, particularly subjects that are normally considered serious or painful to discuss.

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Blackburn Ripon

The Blackburn T.5 Ripon was a British carrier-based torpedo bomber and reconnaissance biplane which first flew in 1926.

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Blitzkrieg (video game)

Blitzkrieg (Блицкриг) is a real-time tactics computer game based on the events of World War II and is the first title in the ''Blitzkrieg'' series.

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Bo Giertz

Bo Harald Giertz (31 August 1905 – 12 July 1998) was a thrice-widowed Lutheran theologian, novelist and bishop of the Gothenburg Lutheran Diocese from 1949 to 1970.

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Boden Fortress

Boden Fortress (Bodens fästning) is a modern fortress consisting of several major and minor forts and fortifications surrounding the city of Boden, Norrbotten, in northern Sweden.

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Bofors 37 mm

The Bofors 37 mm gun was an anti-tank gun designed by Swedish manufacturer Bofors in the early 1930s.

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Bofors 75 mm Model 1929

Bofors 75 mm and Bofors 80 mm were two closely related designs of anti-aircraft and general-purpose artillery.

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Bolshoy Tyuters

Bolshoi Tyuters (Большой Тютерс; Tytärsaari; Suur Tütarsaar; Tyterskär) is an island in the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea, located away from the coast of Finland, to the south-east from Hogland.

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Bombing of Helsinki in World War II

The capital of Finland, Helsinki was bombed several times during World War II.

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Bonar Dunlop

John Bonar Dunlop ARBS (1916–1992) was a New Zealand artist, sculptor, and illustrator.

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Borders of Finland

The borders of Finland are the dividing lines between it and the neighbouring countries of Norway, Russia and Sweden.

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Boris Bazhanov

Boris Georgiyevich Bazhanov (Борис Георгиевич Бажанов, sometimes spelled Bajanov) (1900 – January 1982) was a secretary of the Soviet Union's Politburo, and personal secretary to Joseph Stalin from August 1923 to 1925.

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Boris Rybkin

Boris Arkadyevich Rybkin (Борис Аркадьевич Рыбкин)born Boruch Aronovich Rivkin Борух Аронович Рывкин; 19 June 189927 November 1947) was a Soviet diplomat and a secret agent of NKVD. He worked as a junior diplomatic official named Boris Yartsev in the embassy of the Soviet Union in Helsinki.

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Boris Safonov

Boris Feoktistovich Safonov (Борис Феоктистович Сафонов); 26 August 1915 – 30 May 1942, was a Soviet Naval Aviation fighter ace of the Great Patriotic War and twice recipient of the honorary title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Boris Shaposhnikov

Boris Mikhailovitch Shaposhnikov (Бори́с Миха́йлович Ша́пошников) (– March 26, 1945) was a Soviet military commander, Chief of the Staff of the Red Army, and Marshal of the Soviet Union.

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Boris Zakhoder

Boris Vladimirovich Zakhoder (Бори́с Влади́мирович Заходе́р; 9 September 1918, Kagul, Bessarabia — 7 November 2000, Moscow, Russia) was a Russian poet and children's writer.

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Borovkov-Florov I-207

The Borovkov-Florov I-207 (Istrebitel – fighter) was a fighter aircraft designed and built in the USSR from.

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Boys anti-tank rifle

The Rifle, Anti-Tank,.55in, Boys commonly known as the "Boys Anti-tank Rifle" (or incorrectly "Boyes"), was a British anti-tank rifle in use during the Second World War.

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Breda Model 35

The Cannone-Mitragliera da 20/65 modello 35 (Breda), also known as Breda Model 35, was a 20 mm anti-aircraft gun produced by the Società Italiana Ernesto Breda of Brescia company in Italy and used during World War II.

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Brewster F2A Buffalo

The Brewster F2A Buffalo is an American fighter aircraft which saw service early in World War II.

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Bristol Blenheim

The Bristol Blenheim is a British light bomber aircraft designed and built by the Bristol Aeroplane Company (Bristol) which was used extensively in the first two years and in some cases throughout the Second World War.

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Bristol Bulldog

The Bristol Bulldog was a British Royal Air Force single-seat biplane fighter designed during the 1920s by the Bristol Aeroplane Company.

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BT tank

The BT tanks (translit, lit. "fast moving tank" or "high-speed tank") were a series of Soviet light tanks produced in large numbers between 1932 and 1941.

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BT-42

The BT-42 was a Finnish assault gun, constructed during the Continuation War.

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BT-43

The BT-43 was a Finnish armored personnel carrier prototype, designed during the Second World War.

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BT-7

The BT-7 BT (БТ) is the Russian abbreviation for "fast tank" (Быстроходный танк, Bystrokhodny tank).

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Budenovka

A budenovka (p) is a distinctive type of hat, an archetypal part of the Communist military uniforms of the Russian Civil War (1917-1922) and later conflicts.

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Burnaya River

The Burnaya is a young rapid river in Priozersky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, on the Karelian Isthmus, which emerged in 1818.

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Camouflage

Camouflage is the use of any combination of materials, coloration, or illumination for concealment, either by making animals or objects hard to see (crypsis), or by disguising them as something else (mimesis).

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Camp Hale

Camp Hale, between Red Cliff and Leadville in the Eagle River valley in Colorado, was a U.S. Army training facility constructed in 1942 for what became the 10th Mountain Division.

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Canon de 120 mm modèle 1878

The Canon de 120 mm L modèle 1878 - was a French piece of siege and field artillery which was widely used during the First World War and despite its obsolescence, it was still in use by some nations during the Second World War.

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Canon de 155 C modèle 1915 St. Chamond

The Canon de 155 C modèle 1915 Saint-Chamond was a French howitzer used during World War I. It was based on a private prototype of a howitzer presented to the Mexican government in 1911.

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Canon de 155 C modèle 1917 Schneider

The Canon de 155 C modèle 1917 Schneider, often abbreviated as the C17S, was a French howitzer designed by Schneider.

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Canon de 75 modèle 1922 Schneider

The Canon de 75 modèle 1922 Schneider was a field gun designed by Schneider in the early 1920s.

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Capital punishment in Finland

Capital punishment in Finland (Finnish: kuolemanrangaistus) has been abolished de jure.

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Carcano

Carcano is the frequently used name for a series of Italian bolt-action, magazine-fed, repeating military rifles and carbines.

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Carden Loyd tankette

The Carden Loyd tankettes were a series of British pre-World War II tankettes, the most successful of which was the Mark VI, the only version built in significant numbers.

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Carl August Ehrensvärd (1892–1974)

Count Carl August Ehrensvärd (3August 1892 – 24April 1974) was a Swedish Army general.

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Carl C:son Bonde

Count Carl Carlsson Bonde af Björnö, more known as Carl C:son Bonde (28 February 1897 – 8 May 1990) was a Swedish Army officer.

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Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim

Baron Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim (4 June 1867 – 27 January 1951) was a Finnish military leader and statesman.

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Carl Gustaf von Rosen

Count Carl Gustaf Ericsson von Rosen (August 19, 1909 – July 13, 1977) was a Swedish pioneer aviator, humanitarian, and mercenary pilot.

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Carl Gustav Fleischer

Carl Gustav Fleischer KCB (28 December 1883 – 19 December 1942Fleischer 1947, p. 216) was a Norwegian general and the first land commander to win a major victory against the Germans in the Second World War.

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Carl von Haartman

Carl "Goggi" von Haartman (6 July 1897, Helsinki, Finland – 27 August 1980, El Alamillo, Spain) was a Finnish lieutenant colonel, writer, film actor, and film director.

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Carl-Oscar Agell

Carl-Oscar Agell (29 August 1894 – 12 October 1983) was a Swedish Army officer.

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Carol II of Romania

Carol II (15 October 18934 April 1953) reigned as King of Romania from 8 June 1930 until his enforced abdication on 6 September 1940.

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Carol Mather

Sir David Carol MacDonnell Mather MC (3 January 1919 – 3 July 2006), known as Carol Mather, was a British Army officer and Conservative MP, and senior government whip.

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Caudron C.714

The C.710 were a series of light fighter aircraft developed by Caudron-Renault for the French Air Force just prior to the start of World War II.

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Causes of schizophrenia

The causes of schizophrenia have been the subject of much debate, with various factors proposed and discounted or modified.

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Cavalry division (Soviet Union)

The cavalry division (кавалерийская дивизия) of the Soviet Union's Red Army was a type of military formation that existed from the early days of the Russian Civil War until the early 1950s when they became obsolete with the rise of mechanized warfare.

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Cecil Vandepeer Clarke

Cecil Vandepeer Clarke (1897–1961) was an engineer, inventor and soldier who served in both the First and Second World Wars.

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Censorship in the Soviet Union

Censorship in the Soviet Union was pervasive and strictly enforced.

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Central European Time

Central European Time (CET), used in most parts of Europe and a few North African countries, is a standard time which is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).

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Chaplaincy of Saint Nicholas, Helsinki

The Anglican Chaplaincy of St Nicholas, Helsinki was established by those who fled from Saint Petersburg during the Russian Revolution.

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Char D2

The Char D2 was a French tank of the interwar period.

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Chauchat

The Chauchat was the standard light machine gun or "machine rifle" of the French Army during World War I (1914–18). Its official designation was "Fusil Mitrailleur Modele 1915 CSRG" ("Machine Rifle Model 1915 CSRG"). Beginning in June 1916, it was placed into regular service with French infantry, where the troops called it the FM Chauchat, after Colonel Louis Chauchat, the main contributor to its design. The Chauchat in 8mm Lebel was also extensively used in 1917–18 by the American Expeditionary Forces (A.E.F), where it was officially designated as the "Automatic Rifle, Model 1915 (Chauchat)". A total of 262,000 Chauchats were manufactured between December 1915 and November 1918, including 244,000 chambered for the 8mm Lebel service cartridge, making it the most widely manufactured automatic weapon of World War I. The armies of eight other nations – Belgium, Finland, Greece, Italy, Poland, Romania, Russia, and Serbia – also used the Chauchat machine rifle in fairly large numbers during and after World War I. The Chauchat was one of the first light, automatic rifle-caliber weapons designed to be carried and fired by a single operator and an assistant, without a heavy tripod or a team of gunners. It set a precedent for several subsequent 20th-century firearm projects, being a portable, yet full-power automatic weapon built inexpensively and in very large numbers. The Chauchat combined a pistol grip, an in-line stock, a detachable magazine, and a selective fire capability in a compact package of manageable weight (20 pounds) for a single soldier. Furthermore, it could be routinely fired from the hip and while walking (marching fire). The muddy trenches of northern France exposed a number of weaknesses in the Chauchat's design. Construction had been simplified to facilitate mass production, resulting in low quality of many metal parts. The magazines in particular were the cause of about 75% of the stoppages or cessations of fire; they were made of thin metal and open on one side, allowing for the entry of mud and dust. The weapon also ceased to function when overheated, the barrel sleeve remaining in the retracted position until the gun had cooled off. Consequently, in September 1918, barely two months before the Armistice of November 11, the A.E.F. in France had already initiated the process of replacing the Chauchat with the M1918 Browning Automatic Rifle. Shortly after World War I, the French army replaced the Chauchat with the new gas-operated Mle 1924 light machine gun. It was mass manufactured during World War I by two reconverted civilian plants: "Gladiator" and "Sidarme". Besides the 8mm Lebel version, the Chauchat machine rifle was also manufactured in U.S..30-06 Springfield and in 7.65×53mm Argentine Mauser caliber to arm the American Expeditionary Forces (A.E.F.) and the Belgian Army, respectively. The Belgian military did not experience difficulties with their Chauchats in 7.65mm Mauser and kept them in service into the early 1930s. Conversely, the Chauchat version in U.S..30-06 made by "Gladiator" for the A.E.F., the Model 1918, proved to be fundamentally defective and had to be withdrawn from service. The Chauchat is the only full-automatic weapon actuated by long recoil, a Browning-designed system already applied in 1906 to the Remington Model 8 semi-automatic rifle: extraction and ejection of the empties takes place when the barrel returns forward, while the bolt is retained in the rear position. The failure of its limited version in U.S. 30-06 (the Mle 1918) have led some modern experts to assess it as the "worst machine gun" ever fielded in the history of warfare. However the weapon did remain in active service for over two years during the First World War, was the most widely issued fully automatic light machine gun of that conflict and remained in service after the war ended with several armies.

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Christer Boucht

Christer Boucht, born 4 March 1911 in Vaasa, Finland, and died 21 May 2009, in the same city.

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Christian Frederik von Schalburg

Christian Frederik von Schalburg (15 April 1906 – 2 June 1942) was a Danish army officer, the second commander of Free Corps Denmark and brother of Vera von Schalburg.

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Christian Günther

Christian Ernst Günther (5 December 1886, in Stockholm – 6 March 1966) was Swedish Minister for Foreign Affairs in the unity government that was formed after the Soviet attack on Finland in November 1939, and would remain in function until World War II had ended in 1945.

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Christmas in Finland

Christmas in Finland begins, as is commonplace on public holidays in Finland, on Christmas Eve.

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Christmas Peace

Christmas Peace (joulurauha, julfrid) is a tradition based on old Scandinavian legislation created by Birger Jarl in the 13th century, extending the tradition of the Truce of God.

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Christmas traditions

Christmas traditions vary from country to country.

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Christoph Baumer

Christoph Baumer (born June 23, 1952 in Zurich) is a Swiss scholar and explorer.

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Christopher Lee

Sir Christopher Frank Carandini Lee (27 May 1922 – 7 June 2015) was an English character actor, singer, and author.

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Chud

Chud or Chude (чудь, in Finnic languages: tshuudi, tšuudi, čuđit) is a term historically applied in the early Russian annals to several Finnic peoples in the area of what is now Estonia, Karelia and Northwestern Russia.

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City of Military Glory

City of Military Glory («Город воинской славы») is an honorary title bestowed upon the citizenry of Russian cities, where soldiers had displayed courage and heroism during the Second World War.

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Clarté (Norway)

Clarté (French for "clarity") was a socialist and pacifist organisation in Norway.

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Cluster munition

A cluster munition is a form of air-dropped or ground-launched explosive weapon that releases or ejects smaller submunitions.

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Co-belligerence

Co-belligerence is the waging of a war in cooperation against a common enemy without a formal treaty of military alliance.

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Co-operative Central Exchange

Co-operative Central Exchange (CCE, Finnish: Keskusosuuskunta), founded in 1917 and known from the spring of 1931 as Central Co-operative Wholesale, was the coordinating entity of a network of consumers' co-operatives located primarily in the states of the American Upper Midwest.

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Coat of Arms (album)

Coat of Arms is the fifth studio album by Swedish power metal band Sabaton.

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Cokato Temperance Hall

The Cokato Temperance Hall is a historic clubhouse built in 1896 in Cokato Township, Minnesota, United States, to serve as an alcohol-free social center in a rural Finnish American community.

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Cold War

The Cold War was a state of geopolitical tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others).

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Cold-weather warfare

Cold-weather warfare, also known as Arctic warfare or winter warfare, encompasses military operations affected by snow, ice, thawing conditions or cold, both on land and at sea.

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Combat history of the T-26

Though nearly obsolete by the beginning of World War II, the T-26 was the most important tank of the Spanish Civil War and played a significant role during the Battle of Lake Khasan in 1938 as well as in the Winter War.

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Combat stress reaction

Combat stress reaction (CSR) is a term used within the military to describe acute behavioral disorganization seen by medical personnel as a direct result of the trauma of war.

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Commanders of World War II

The Commanders of World War II were for the most part career officers.

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Commando (comics)

Commando For Action and Adventure, formerly known as Commando War Stories in Pictures, and colloquially known as Commando Comics, is a British comic book magazine that primarily draw its themes and backdrops from the various incidents of the First and Second World Wars.

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Commemoration Day of Fallen Soldiers

Commemoration Day of Fallen Soldiers (kaatuneiden muistopäivä, de stupades dag) is the commemoration day observed in Finland on the third Sunday of May for the soldiers killed in the Winter War and Finnish Civil War 1918.

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Communist Party of Norway

The Communist Party of Norway (Norges Kommunistiske Parti) is a small Marxist–Leninist communist party in Norway currently without parliamentary or other elected representation.

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Concession (territory)

In international law, a concession is a territory within a country that is administered by an entity other than the state which holds sovereignty over it.This is usually a colonizing power, or at least mandated by one, as in the case of colonial chartered companies.

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Conscientious objector

A conscientious objector is an "individual who has claimed the right to refuse to perform military service" on the grounds of freedom of thought, conscience, or religion.

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Continuation War

The Continuation War was a conflict fought by Finland and Nazi Germany, as co-belligerents, against the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1941 to 1944, during World War II.

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Crime in Finland

Crime in Finland is combated by the Finnish police and other agencies.

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Cross of Sorrow

The Cross of Sorrow ('Surunristi', Крест скорби, "Krest skorbi") is a memorial in Russia dedicated to the thousands of soldiers of both sides who perished in the Winter War of 1939–1940 when the Soviet Union attacked Finland.

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Cuckoo (sniper)

A cuckoo is a military slang term for a sniper, disguised in a sprawling tree.

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Cyril Pavlov

Cyril Pavlov, elder Cyril (in Russian: Кирилл Павлов; 8 September 1919 – 20 February 2017), in life: Ivan Dmitrievich Pavlov, was a Russian Orthodox Christian mystic, elder, wonder-worker and Archimandrite, who was confessor to Patriarch Alexy II.

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Czortków uprising

The Czortków uprising (Powstanie Czortkowskie) was a failed attempt at resisting Soviet state repressions by the young anti-Soviet Poles most of whom were prewar students from the local high school.

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D-8 Armored Car

D-8 (Dyrenkov-8) was an early Soviet armored vehicle built in 1932–34.

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Dag Bergman

Dag Erik Bergman (23 October 1914 – 10 December 1984), was a Swedish diplomat.

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Daily Herald (UK newspaper)

The Daily Herald was a British daily newspaper, published in London from 1912 to 1964 (although it was weekly during the First World War).

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De Bange 155 mm cannon

The de Bange 155 mm long cannon mle.

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De Bange 90 mm cannon

The De Bange 90 mm cannon (Mle 1877) was a type of field artillery piece developed in France by Colonel Charles Ragon de Bange in 1877, and adopted by the French Army that same year.

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December 12

No description.

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December 14

No description.

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December 27

No description.

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Declarations of war during World War II

This is a timeline of formal declarations of War during World War II.

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Defence Command (Finland)

Defence Command (Pääesikunta, Huvudstaben), organized as Headquarters (Päämaja, Huvudkvarter) during wartime, is the joint command headquarters of the Finnish Defence Forces and a central government agency.

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Degtyaryov machine gun

The Degtyaryov machine gun (Russian: Пулемёт Дегтярёвa Пехотный Pulemyot Degtyaryova Pekhotny "Degtyaryov's infantry machine gun") or DP-27 is a light machine gun firing the 7.62×54mmR cartridge that was primarily used by the Soviet Union, with service trials starting in 1927 followed by general deployment in 1928.

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Demographics of Saint Petersburg

Saint Petersburg is the second largest city in Russia, after Moscow.

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Denis Pritt

Denis Nowell Pritt, QC (22 September 1887 – 23 May 1972) was a British barrister and Labour Party politician.

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Denmark–Soviet Union relations

Denmark–Soviet Union relations refers to the historical relations between Denmark and Soviet Union.

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Deportation of the Chechens and Ingush

The Deportation of the Chechens and Ingush, also known as Aardakh (Aardax), Operation Lentil (Чечевица, Chechevitsa; Вайнах махкахбахар Vaynax Maxkaxbaxar) was the Soviet forced transfer of the whole of the Vainakh (Chechen and Ingush) populations of the North Caucasus to Central Asia on February 23, 1944, during World War II.

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Desoutter Mk.II

Desoutter is a British monoplane liaison aircraft manufactured by Desoutter Aircraft Company at Croydon Aerodrome, Surrey.

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Detached Battalion 4

Detached Battalion 4 () was a special forces unit of the Finnish Army during the Continuation War and Lapland War, serving from July 1943 to November 1944.

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Diplomatic history of World War II

The Diplomatic history of World War II includes the major foreign policies and interactions inside the opposing coalitions, the Allies and the Axis powers.

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Distributed operations

Distributed Operations (DO) is a war-fighting concept drafted by the United States Marine Corps and developed primarily by their Warfighting Laboratory as a response to the changing environment of the Global War on Terror.

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Dmitri Shostakovich

Dmitri Dmitriyevich Shostakovich (Дми́трий Дми́триевич Шостако́вич|Dmitriy Dmitrievich Shostakovich,; 9 August 1975) was a Russian composer and pianist.

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Dmitry Alexandrovich Medvedev

Dmitry Alexandrovich Medvedev (Russian: Дмитрий Александрович Медведев; 21 September 1918 – 26 November 1992) was a Soviet Air Force Lieutenant general and Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Dmitry Karbyshev

Dmitry Mikhaylovich Karbyshev (Дмитрий Михайлович Карбышев) (Omsk — February 18, 1945, Mauthausen, Austria) was an officer of the Russian Imperial Army, a Red Army general, professor of the Soviet General Staff Academy (Doctor of Military Sciences), and Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously).

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Dmitry Maevsky

Dmitry Ivanovich Maevsky (Дми́трий Ива́нович Мае́вский; May 17, 1917, Petrograd, Russian Empire – July 23, 1992, Saint Petersburg, Russia) was a Soviet Russian painter, lived and worked in Leningrad, a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his lyrical landscapes.

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Dmitry Onuprienko

Dmitry Platonovich Onuprienko (Russian: Дмитрий Платонович Онуприенко; 25 October 1906 – 22 November 1977) was a Soviet Army lieutenant general and Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Dmitry Pavlov (general)

Dmitry Grigoryevich Pavlov (Дми́трий Григо́рьевич Па́влов; October 23, 1897July 22, 1941) was a Soviet general who commanded the key Soviet Western Front during the initial stage of the German invasion of the Soviet Union (Operation ''Barbarossa'') in June 1941.

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Dmitry Timofeyevich Kozlov

Dmitry Timofeyevich Kozlov (October 23 (November 4) 1896, Razgulyayka, now in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast – December 6, 1967, Minsk) was a Soviet military commander.

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Dnepr M-72

The M-72 was a motorcycle built by the Soviet Union.

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Dno (air base)

Dno (аэродром Гривочки), also known as Grivochki (Гривочки), was a military air base in Dnovsky District, Pskov Oblast, Russia.

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Donald S. Day

Donald Satterlee Day (May 15, 1895 – October 1, 1966) was an American reporter in northern Europe for the Chicago Tribune in the 1920s and 1930s.

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Douglas DC-2

The Douglas DC-2 is a 14-seat, twin-engined airliner that was produced by the American company Douglas Aircraft Corporation starting in 1934.

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DShK

The DShK 1938 (ДШК, for Дегтярёва-Шпагина Крупнокалиберный, Degtyaryova-Shpagina Krupnokaliberny, "Degtyaryov-Shpagin Large-Calibre") is a Soviet heavy machine gun firing the 12.7×108mm cartridge.

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Eagle Squadrons

The Eagle Squadrons were three fighter squadrons of the Royal Air Force (RAF), formed with volunteer pilots from the United States during the early days of World War II (circa 1940), prior to America's entry into the war in December 1941.

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East Karelian uprising and Soviet–Finnish conflict of 1921–22

The East Karelian Uprising (Finnish: itäkarjalaisten kansannousu) and the Soviet–Finnish conflict 1921–1922 were an attempt by a group of East Karelian separatists to gain independence from the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.

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Eastern Bloc

The Eastern Bloc was the group of socialist states of Central and Eastern Europe, generally the Soviet Union and the countries of the Warsaw Pact.

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Eastern Front (World War II)

The Eastern Front of World War II was a theatre of conflict between the European Axis powers and co-belligerent Finland against the Soviet Union, Poland and other Allies, which encompassed Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Northeast Europe (Baltics), and Southeast Europe (Balkans) from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945.

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Economy of Finland

Finland has a highly industrialised, mixed economy with a per capita output similar to that of other western European economies such as France, Germany and United Kingdom but slightly lower than Sweden.

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Edmund Ironside, 1st Baron Ironside

Field Marshal William Edmund Ironside, 1st Baron Ironside, (6 May 1880 – 22 September 1959) was a senior officer of the British Army, who served as Chief of the Imperial General Staff during the first year of the Second World War.

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Edward Spears

Major-General Sir Edward Louis Spears, 1st Baronet, (7 August 1886 – 27 January 1974) was a British Army officer and Member of Parliament noted for his role as a liaison officer between British and French forces in two world wars.

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Edward Ward, 7th Viscount Bangor

Edward Henry Harold Ward, 7th Viscount Bangor (5 November 1905 – 8 May 1993) was an Anglo-Irish peer, journalist, war correspondent, and author.

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Eero Rahola

Eero Rahola (15 January 1897, Mänttä – 22 May 1975, Helsinki) was a Finnish Counter admiral and civil servant.

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Eeva Kilpi

Eeva Karin Kilpi (née Salo; 18 February 1928, Hiitola) is a Finnish writer and feminist.

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Ehrhardt 7.5 cm Model 1901

The Ehrhardt 7.5 cm Model 1901 was a field gun designed and built by the German company Rheinische Metallwaren- und Maschinenfabrik and sold to Norway in 1901.

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Einar Fr. Lindboe

Einar Fredrik Lindboe (2 June 1876 – 26 June 1953) was a Norwegian Nordic skier, skiing official and surgeon.

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Einar Vihma

Einar August Vihma (until 1936 Wichmann; 19 September 1893, Kuopio – 5 August 1944, Ihantala) was a Finnish major general.

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Eino Luukkanen

Eino Luukkanen (4 June 1909 – 9 April 1964) was a Finnish fighter ace in World War II.

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Eino S. Repo

Eino Sakari Repo (September 6, 1919, Isokyrö – December 15, 2002, Helsinki) was the president of state owned Finnish Broadcasting Company from 1965 to 1969 and head of the radio from 1969 to 1974.

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Elias Simojoki

Lauri Elias Simojoki (28 January 1899 – 25 January 1940) was a Finnish clergyman who became a leading figure in the country's far right movement.

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Elina Karjalainen

Aili Elina Karjalainen (née. Saraste, 3 June 1927 Viipuri – 14 August 2006 Kuopio) was a journalist and author from Finland.

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Eljas Erkko

Juho Eljas Erkko (1 June 1895 in Helsinki – 20 February 1965 in Helsinki) was a Finnish politician and journalist.

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Emanuel Nobel

Emanuel Nobel (1859 – 31 May 1932) was a Russian-born Swedish oil baron, the eldest son of Ludvig Nobel and his first wife, Mina Ahlsell, grandson of Immanuel Nobel and nephew of Alfred Nobel.

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Engels-2 (air base)

Engels Air Force Base (also given as Engels-2 or Engel's) is a strategic military airbase in Russia located east of Saratov.

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Engineers Museum

The Engineers Museum (officially The pioneer museum, in Finnish: valtakunnallinen, i.e., all-national, Pioneerimuseo, in Russian: Музей саперных войск) is the oldest corps museum in Finland.

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Ensio Siilasvuo

Pehr Hjalmar Ensio Siilasvuo, (until 1936 Strömberg) (1 January 1922, Helsinki – 10 January 2003, Espoo) was a Finnish general.

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Eri-Aaroni

Eri-Aaroni 3423 Valio (July 12, 1932 – September 1, 1953) was liver chestnut stallion who was a Ravikuningas title winner in harness racing and a very influential Finnhorse sire.

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Erich Raeder

Erich Johann Albert Raeder (24 April 1876 – 6 November 1960) was a German grand admiral who played a major role in the naval history of World War II.

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Erik Bruun

Erik Bruun (born 1926 in Viipuri) is a Finnish graphic designer.

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Erik Gjems-Onstad

Erik-Ørn Gjems-Onstad, MBE (22 February 1922 – 18 November 2011) was a Norwegian resistance member, officer, lawyer, sports official, politician, author and anti-immigration activist.

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Erik Hazelhoff Roelfzema

Siebren Erik Hazelhoff Roelfzema (3 April 1917 – 26 September 2007) was a Dutch writer who became a resistance fighter and RAF pilot during the Second World War.

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Erik Heinrichs

Axel Erik Heinrichs (21 July 1890 – 16 November 1965) was a Finnish military general.

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Erik Lyly

Erik Edward Lyly (August 5, 1914, Loimaa – February 5, 1990, Haparanda, Sweden) was a Finnish fighter pilot and ace in the Continuation War.

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Erkki Nordberg

M.A. Erkki Juhani Nordberg (17 August 1946, Helsinki – 28 March 2012, Helsinki) was a Finnish colonel who served as the Chief of the Educational Department of the Main Headquarters of the Finnish Defense Forces.

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Ernst Linder

Ernst Linder (25 April 1868 – 14 September 1943) was a Swedish general of Finnish descent who served in the Swedish army from 1887 to 1918, after which be participated in the Finnish Civil War as the commander of the Satakunta and Savo army groups, whose responsibility stretched from Finland's western coast adjoining the Gulf of Bothnia to Näsijärvi.

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Espen Sandberg

Espen Sandberg (born 2 June 1971) is a Norwegian film director and advertising producer, well known to work with his childhood friend and director Joachim Rønning on several projects such as Bandidas (2006), Max Manus: Man of War (2008), Kon-Tiki (2012) and Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales (2017).

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Estonia in World War II

Before the outbreak of the Second World War, Germany and the Soviet Union signed the German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact, concerning the partition and disposition of sovereign states, including Estonia, and in particular its Secret Additional Protocol of August 1939.

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Estonian Air Force

The Estonian Air Force (Eesti Õhuvägi) is the aviation branch of the Estonian Defence Forces.

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Europa (wargame)

Europa is a series of board wargames planned to cover combat over the entire European Theater of World War II at a scale that represents units from divisions down to battalions and game turns that represent two weeks of time.

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European foreign policy of the Chamberlain ministry

The European foreign policy of the Chamberlain ministry from 1937 to 1940 was based on Neville Chamberlain's commitment to "peace for our time", pursuing a policy of appeasement and containment towards Nazi Germany while increasing the strength of Britain's armed forces, until in September 1939 he delivered an ultimatum over the invasion of Poland followed by a declaration of war against Germany.

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European theatre of World War II

The European theatre of World War II, also known as the Second European War, was a huge area of heavy fighting across Europe, from Germany's and the Soviet Union's joint invasion of Poland in September 1939 until the end of the war with the Soviet Union conquering most of Eastern Europe along with the German unconditional surrender on 8 May 1945 (Victory in Europe Day).

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Evacuation of Finnish Karelia

As a result of the 1940 Moscow Peace Treaty that concluded the Winter War, Finland ceded the area of Finnish Karelia and other territories to the Soviet Union.

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Exploitation film

An exploitation film is a film that attempts to succeed financially by exploiting current trends, niche genres, or lurid content.

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F1 grenade (France)

The F-1 grenade is a hand grenade mass-produced by France during and after WW1, used en masse in the majority of European countries throughout the First World War and Second World War.

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False flag

A false flag is a covert operation designed to deceive; the deception creates the appearance of a particular party, group, or nation being responsible for some activity, disguising the actual source of responsibility.

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Falsifiers of History

Falsifiers of History was a book published by the Soviet Information Bureau, edited and partially re-written by Joseph Stalin, in response to documents made public in January 1948 regarding German–Soviet relations before and after the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact.

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Father Akaki

Father Akaki, civil name Andrei Kuznetsov (October 27, 1873 – January 30, 1984 Heinävesi) was a Russian Orthodox monk who died as the oldest person of Nordic countries and Finland's oldest man ever before Aarne Arvonen.

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FC Kuusysi

FC Kuusysi (‘sixty-nine’) is a football club in Lahti, Finland.

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February 29

February 29, also known as leap day or leap year day, is a date added to most years that are divisible by 4, such as 2008, 2012, 2016, 2020, and 2024.

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Fedir Babachenko

Fedir Babachenko was a Junior Lieutenant and chief of intelligence in the 323rd Artillery Regiment of the 123rd Infantry Division in the 7th Army on the Northwestern Front during the Winter War.

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Fedorov Avtomat

The Fedorov Avtomat (also anglicized as Federov,MILITARY SMALL ARMS OF THE 20TH CENTURY, 7TH EDITION, BY IAN V. HOGG & JOHN S. WEEKS, KRAUSE PUBLICATIONS, 2000, PAGE 267, Russian: Автомат Фёдорова) (English: Federov Automatic Rifle) or FA was a select-fire, crew-served automatic rifle, designed by Vladimir Grigoryevich Fyodorov in 1915 and produced in the Russian Empire and later in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.

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Fiat G.50

The Fiat G.50 Freccia ("Arrow") was a World War II Italian fighter aircraft developed and manufactured by aviation company Fiat.

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Field kitchen

A field kitchen is a mobile kitchen, mobile canteens or food truck used primarily by military services to provide warm food to the troops near the frontline or in temporary encampments.

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Filipp Alyabushev

Filipp Fyodorovich Alyabushev (November 13, 1893 – June 25, 1941) was a Soviet major general in World War II.

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Filipp Parusinov

Fillip Alekseevich Parusinov (November 27, 1893 – October 25, 1973) was a Soviet army group commander.

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Fine Art of Leningrad

The Fine Art of Leningrad is an important component of twentieth-century Russian Soviet art, in the opinion of the art historians Vladimir Gusev and Vladimir Leniashin "one of its most powerful currents".

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Finger-four

The "Finger-four" formation (also known as the "four finger formation" and the "Fingertip Formation"), is a flight formation used by fighter aircraft.

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Finland

Finland (Suomi; Finland), officially the Republic of Finland is a country in Northern Europe bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and Gulf of Finland, between Norway to the north, Sweden to the northwest, and Russia to the east.

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Finland's language strife

The Language Strife (lit) was a major conflict in the mid-19th century Finland.

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Finland–Germany relations

Bilateral relations between Finland and Germany began after the German Empire recognised the newly independent Finnish state on January 4, 1918.

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Finland–Russia border

The Finnish–Russian border is the roughly north/south international border between the Republic of Finland (EU member) and the Russian Federation (CIS).

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Finland–Russia relations

Finno–Russian relations include a history of centuries, from wars between Sweden and Russia in 1700s, to the planned and realized creation and annexation of the Grand Duchy of Finland within the Russian Empire during Napoleonic times in 1800s, to the dissolution of the personal union between Russia and Finland after the abdication of Russia's last czar in 1917, and subsequent birth of modern Finland, with support of the bolshevik (Soviet) Russian government.

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Finland–Soviet Union Peace and Friendship Society

The Finland–Soviet Union Peace and Friendship Society (Finnish: Suomen-Neuvostoliiton rauhan ja ystävyyden seura, SNS) was a Finnish anti-war propaganda organization founded on May 22, 1940 by Communist politician Mauri Ryömä in the aftermath of the Winter War between the Soviet Union and Finland.

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Finlandization

Finlandization (suomettuminen; finlandisering; Finnlandisierung) is the process by which one powerful country makes a smaller neighboring country abide by the former's foreign policy rules, while allowing it to keep its nominal independence and its own political system.

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Finlands sak är vår

Finlands sak är vår (English: The Finnish cause is ours) is the title of a Swedish book written by journalists Olof Lagercrantz and Karl-Gustaf Hillebrand.

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Finn Palmstrøm

Finn Palmstrøm (19 October 1903 – 26 January 1987) was a Norwegian jurist.

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Finnair

Finnair (Oyj, Finnair Abp.) is the flag carrier and largest airline of Finland, with its headquarters in Vantaa on the grounds of Helsinki Airport, its hub.

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Finnhorse

The Finnhorse or Finnish Horse (Suomenhevonen, literally "horse of Finland"; nickname: Suokki, or Finskt kallblod, literally "finnish cold-blood") is a horse breed with both riding horse and draught horse influences and characteristics, and is the only breed developed fully in Finland.

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Finnish 4th Division (Winter War)

The 4th Division was a unit of the Finnish Army during the Winter War.

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Finnish 5th Division (Winter War)

The 5th Division was a unit of the Finnish Army during the Winter War.

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Finnish 6th Division (Winter War)

The 6th Division (6.Divisioona) was a unit of the Finnish Army during the Winter War.

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Finnish Air Force

The Finnish Air Force (FAF or FiAF) (Ilmavoimat ("Air Forces"), Flygvapnet) ("Air Arm") is one of the branches of the Finnish Defence Forces.

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Finnish Army

The Finnish Army (Finnish: Maavoimat, Swedish: Armén) is the land forces branch of the Finnish Defence Forces.

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Finnish Border Guard

The Finnish Border Guard is the national security agency responsible for enforcing the security of Finland's borders.

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Finnish Civil War

The Finnish Civil War was a conflict for the leadership and control of Finland during the country's transition from a Grand Duchy of the Russian Empire to an independent state.

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Finnish coastal defence ship Ilmarinen

Ilmarinen was a Finnish Navy Panssarilaiva ("Armored ship"; a coastal defence ship by British classification).

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Finnish coastal defence ship Väinämöinen

Väinämöinen was a Finnish coastal defence ship, the sister ship of the Finnish Navy's flagship and also the first ship of her class.

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Finnish Defence Forces

The Finnish Defence Forces (Puolustusvoimat, Försvarsmakten) are responsible for the defence of Finland.

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Finnish Defence Intelligence Agency

The Finnish Defence Intelligence Agency is the combined signals (SIGINT), geospatial (GEOINT) and imagery intelligence (IMINT) agency of the Finnish Defence Forces.

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Finnish Democratic Republic

The Finnish Democratic Republic (Suomen kansanvaltainen tasavalta, also Suomen kansantasavalta, Demokratiska Republiken Finland, Russian: Финляндская Демократическая Республика) was a short-lived puppet government created and recognised only by the Soviet Union.

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Finnish escort Aura II

Aura II (formerly known as SS Halland, Bore II, SS Seagull and SS Aura) was a Finnish escort vessel, and a former presidential yacht, operated by the Finnish Navy between 1939 and 1940.

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Finnish Figure Skating Championships

The Finnish Figure Skating Championships are a figure skating national championship held annually by the Finnish Figure Skating Association to determine the national champions of Finland.

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Finnish Guards' Rifle Battalion

Finnish Guards' Rifle Battalion (Henkikaartin 3., Livgardets 3:e finska skarpskyttebataljon, Leib-gvardii 3-j strelkovyi Finski bataljon), colloquially known as Guard of Finland (Suomen kaarti, Finska gardet) was a Finnish military unit during 1829-1905 based in Helsinki.

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Finnish gunboat Matti Kurki

Matti Kurki (ex-Voivoda) was an escort ship for the Russian Imperial Yacht.

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Finnish I Corps (Winter War)

The I Corps was a formation of the Finnish Army during the Winter War.

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Finnish II Corps

There have been two Finnish formations called II Corps (II Armeijakunta, II AK).

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Finnish II Corps (Winter War)

The II Corps was a unit of the Finnish Army during the Winter War.

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Finnish III Corps

There have been two Finnish formations called III Corps (III Armeijakunta, III AK).

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Finnish III Corps (Winter War)

The III Corps was a unit of the Finnish Army during the Winter War.

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Finnish Infantry Regiment 200

Infantry Regiment 200 (Jalkaväkirykmentti 200, JR 200, Jalaväerügement 200, JR 200) or soomepoisid (Finnish Boys) was a unit in the Finnish army during World War II made up mostly of Estonian volunteers, who preferred to fight against the Soviet Union in the ranks of the Finnish army instead of the armed forces of Germany.

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Finnish IV Corps

There have been two Finnish formations called IV Corps (IV Armeijakunta, IV AK).

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Finnish IV Corps (Winter War)

The IV Corps was a formation of the Finnish Army during the Winter War against the Soviet Union.

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Finnish Kale

The Finnish Kale (Kàlo; Kalé; Kaale, also Suomen romanit "Finnish Romani") are a group of the Romani people who live primarily in Finland and Sweden.

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Finnish Labour Temple

The Finnish Labour Temple (also known as the Big Finn Hall or Finlandia Club) is a Finnish-Canadian cultural and community centre ("Finn hall") and a local landmark located at 314 Bay Street in the Finnish quarter in Thunder Bay, Ontario.

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Finnish Ladoga Naval Detachment

Finnish Ladoga Naval Detachment (Laatokan laivasto-osasto) was a Finnish naval unit stationed on Lake Ladoga between 1920-1940 and 1941-1944.

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Finnish minelayer Louhi

Louhi was a Finnish Navy minelayer.

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Finnish Navy

The Finnish Navy (Merivoimat, Marinen) is one of the branches of the Finnish Defence Forces.

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Finnish prisoners of war in the Soviet Union

There were two waves of the Finnish prisoners of war in the Soviet Union during World War II: POWs during the Winter War and the Continuation War.

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Finnish reconquest of Ladoga Karelia (1941)

The Finnish reconquest of Ladoga Karelia (1941) refers to a military campaign carried out by Finland in 1941.

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Finnish reconquest of the Karelian Isthmus (1941)

The Finnish reconquest of the Karelian Isthmus (1941) refers to a military campaign carried out by Finland in 1941.

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Finnish Relief Fund

The Finnish Relief Fund was a humanitarian aid organization initiated by former United States President Herbert Hoover in December 1939.

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Finnish submarine Saukko

Saukko (Pu110) was a small submarine that served in the Finnish Navy during the Second World War.

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Finnish submarine Vesikko

Vesikko is a submarine (the single ship of her class), which was launched on 10 May 1933 at the Crichton-Vulcan dock in Turku.

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Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen-SS

The Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen-SS (Finnisches Freiwilligen-Bataillon der Waffen-SS) was a motorized infantry battalion of the Nazi German Waffen-SS.

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Finnish War (disambiguation)

The term "Finnish war" can refer to any of the following.

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Finnish war children

During World War II some 70,000 Finnish children (sotalapset, the 'war children' krigsbarn) were evacuated from Finland, chiefly to Sweden, but also to Norway and Denmark.

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Finnish–Estonian defence cooperation

Finnish–Estonian defence cooperation began in 1930 with a secret military pact between Finland and Estonia against the threat of the Soviet Union.

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Fire and Ice

Fire and Ice may refer to.

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Fire and Ice: The Winter War of Finland and Russia

Fire and Ice: The Winter War of Finland and Russia is a documentary film, produced, written and directed by Ben Strout.

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Flags of the Soviet Republics

The Flags of the Soviet Socialist Republics were all defaced versions of the flag of the Soviet Union, which featured a golden hammer and sickle, (the only exception being the Georgian SSR, which used a red hammer and sickle), and a gold-bordered red star on a red field.

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Flexible defense

The flexible defense is a military theory about the design of modern fortifications.

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Flying Regiment 1, Finnish Air Force

Flying Regiment 1 (Lentorykmentti 1 or LeR 1) was a mixed regiment, incorporating both fighter, reconnaissance and communication squadrons, of the Finnish Air Force during World War II.

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Flying Regiment 19, Finnish Air Force

The Flight Regiment 19 (Flygflottilj 19, Lentorykmentti 19 or LentoR 19), also known as the Swedish Voluntary Air Force or F 19 was a Finnish Air Force unit, manned by Swedish volunteers, which operated from Kemi in northern Finland for the last 62 days of the Winter War.

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Flying Regiment 2, Finnish Air Force

Flying Regiment 2 (Lentorykmentti 2 or LentoR 2, renamed on May 5, 1942 into LeR 2) was fighter regiment of the Finnish Air Force during World War II.

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Flying Regiment 4, Finnish Air Force

Flying Regiment 4 (Lentorykmentti 4 or LeR 4) was a bomber aircraft regiment of the Finnish Air Force.

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Fokker

Fokker was a Dutch aircraft manufacturer named after its founder, Anthony Fokker.

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Fokker C.V

The Fokker C.V was a Dutch light reconnaissance and bomber biplane aircraft manufactured by Fokker.

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Fokker C.X

The Fokker C.X was a Dutch biplane scout and light bomber designed in 1933.

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Fokker D.XXI

The Fokker D.XXI fighter was designed in 1935 by Dutch aircraft manufacturer Fokker in response to requirements laid out by the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army Air Force (Militaire Luchtvaart van het Koninklijk Nederlands-Indisch Leger, ML-KNIL).

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Fokker F.VIII

The Fokker F.VIII (or F.8) was a large twin-engined airliner designed and produced by the Dutch aircraft manufacturer Fokker in the 1920s.

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Folk hero

A folk hero or national hero is a type of hero – real, fictional or mythological – with the sole salient characteristic being the imprinting of his or her name, personality and deeds in the popular consciousness of a people.

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Forced suicide

Forced suicide is a method of execution where the victim is coerced into committing suicide to avoid facing an alternative option they perceive as much worse, such as suffering torture or having friends or family members imprisoned, tortured, or killed.

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Foreign relations of Finland

The foreign relations of Finland are the responsibility of the president of Finland, who leads foreign policy in cooperation with the government.

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Foreign relations of Russia

The foreign relations of the Russian Federation is the policy of the government of Russia by which it guides the interactions with other nations, their citizens and foreign organizations.

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Foreign relations of the Axis powers

Foreign relations of the Axis powers includes states which were not officially members of the Axis but had relations with one or more Axis members.

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Foreign support of Finland in the Winter War

The foreign support in the Winter War contained material, men and moral support to the Finnish struggle against the Soviet Union in the Winter War.

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Fort Ino

Fort Ino or Fort Nikolaevsky (форт «Ино» or форт Николаевский) is an abandoned early 20th-century Russian coastal fortification situated on the northern shore of Neva Bay in the Gulf of Finland.

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Fortified district

A fortified district or fortified region (Укреплённый район, Укрепрайон, ukreplyonny raion, ukrepraion) in the military terminology of the Soviet Union, is a territory within which a complex system of defense fortifications was engineered.

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Franco-British plans for intervention in the Winter War

During the early stages of World War II, the British and French Allies made a series of proposals to send troops to assist Finland in the Winter War against the Soviet Union which started on 30 November 1939.

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Frank Worsley

Frank Arthur Worsley (22 February 1872 – 1 February 1943) was a New Zealand sailor and explorer who served on Ernest Shackleton's Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition of 1914–1916, as captain of the Endurance.

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Frans Eemil Sillanpää

Frans Eemil Sillanpää (16 September 1888 – 3 June 1964) was one of the most famous Finnish writers and in 1939 became the first Finnish writer to be awarded the Nobel Prize for literature "for his deep understanding of his country's peasantry and the exquisite art with which he has portrayed their way of life and their relationship with Nature".

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Freda Kirchwey

Mary Frederika "Freda" Kirchwey (September 26, 1893 – January 3, 1976) was an American journalist, editor, and publisher strongly committed throughout her career to liberal causes (anti-Fascist, pro-Soviet, anti-anti-communist).

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Frederick Gough

Colonel Charles Frederick Howard Gough, MC, TD (16 September 1901 – 19 September 1977) was a British Territorial Army officer, company director and politician.

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Fredrik Kayser

Fredrik Thorbjørn Kayser, (25 May 1918 – 2 February 2009) was a Norwegian resistance member during World War II.

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Fyodor Uglov

Fyodor Grigorievich Uglov (Фёдор Григорьевич Углов; 5 October (O.S. 22 September) 1904 – 22 June 2008) was in 1994 listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the oldest practicing surgeon in the world.

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Fyodor Vidyayev

Fyodor Alekseyevich Vidyayev (Фёдор Алексеевич Видяев, 1912-1943) was a Soviet Navy submarine commander during World War II.

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Gangut

Gangut (Гангут) is the Russian transliteration of the Swedish name (Hangö udd) for Hanko Peninsula.

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Gangut-class battleship

The Gangut-class battleships, also known as the "Sevastopol class", were the first dreadnoughts begun for the Imperial Russian Navy before World War I. They had a convoluted design history involving several British companies, evolving requirements, an international design competition, and foreign protests.

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Gösta Wetterhall

Gösta Carl Fredrik Wetterhall (1August 1904 – 22June 1983) was a Swedish Army officer.

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General der Nachrichtenaufklärung

The GdNA (Oberkommando des Heeres/General der Nachrichtenaufklärung) was the signals intelligence agency of the Wehrmacht, before and during World War II.

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Geoffrey Cox (journalist)

Sir Geoffrey Sandford Cox, CNZM, CBE (7 April 1910 – 2 April 2008) was a New Zealand-born newspaper and television journalist.

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George Beurling

George Frederick "Buzz" Beurling & Bar (6 December 1921 – 20 May 1948) was the most successful Canadian fighter pilot of the Second World War.

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George Macdonogh

Lieutenant-General Sir George Mark Watson Macdonogh (4 March 1865 – 10 July 1942) was a British Army general officer.

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George Steer

230px George Lowther Steer (1909 – 25 December 1944) was a South African-born British journalist, author and war correspondent who reported on wars preceding World War II, especially the Second Italo-Abyssinian War and the Spanish Civil War.

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Georgy Baydukov

Georgy Filippovich Baydukov (Гео́ргий Фили́ппович Байдуко́в; – December 28, 1994) was a Soviet aircraft test pilot, a Hero of the Soviet Union (1936) and a writer.

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Georgy Kharaborkin

Georgy Filimonovich Kharaborkin (23 November 1905 6 July 1941) was a Red Army captain and a Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Georgy Rodin

Georgy Semyonovich Rodin (Russian: Георгий Семёнович Родин; 19 November 1897 – 6 January 1976) was a Red Army lieutenant general.

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German encounter of Soviet T-34 and KV tanks

Prior to the invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II, the German armed forces were not aware of two newly developed Soviet tanks, the T-34 and the KV.

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German occupation of Lithuania during World War II

The occupation of Lithuania by Nazi Germany lasted from the German invasion of the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941 to the end of the Battle of Memel on January 28, 1945.

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German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II

German Radio Intelligence Operation during World War II were signals intelligence operations that were undertaken by German Axis forces in Europe during World War II.

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German–Soviet Axis talks

In October and November 1940, German–Soviet Axis talks occurred concerning the Soviet Union's potential entry as a fourth Axis Power in World War II.

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German–Soviet Commercial Agreement (1940)

The 1940 German-Soviet Commercial Agreement (also known as Economic Agreement of February 11, 1940, Between the German Reich and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) was an economic arrangement between the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany signed on February 11, 1940 by which the Soviet Union agreed in period from February 11, 1940 to February 11, 1941, in addition to the deliveries under German–Soviet Commercial Agreement, signed on August 19, 1939 deliver the commodities (oil, raw materials and grain) to the value of 420 to 430 million Reichsmarks.

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German–Soviet Credit Agreement (1939)

The German–Soviet Credit Agreement (also referred to as the German–Soviet Trade and Credit Agreement) was an economic arrangement between the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany whereby Soviet Union received an acceptance credit of 200 million Reichsmark.

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Germany–Soviet Union relations, 1918–1941

German–Soviet Union relations date to the aftermath of the First World War.

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Gevork Kotiantz

Gevork Vartanovich Kotiantz (Գևորգ Վարդանի Կոթյանց; Гево́рк Варта́нович Котья́нц; November 12, 1909 in Shusha, Elisabethpol Governorate, Russian Empire – August 28, 1996 in Saint Petersburg, Russia) was a Soviet, Russian - Armenian painter, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.

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Giorgi Abashvili

Georgy Abashvili (გიორგი აბაშვილი; Георгий Семенович Абашвили, Georgiy Semyonovich Abashvili) (8 January 1910 – 26 September 1982) was a Soviet naval commander, vice-admiral (1955).

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Gleb Baklanov

Gleb Vladimirovich Baklanov (Глеб Владимирович Бакланов; 1 August 1910 – 16 January 1976) was a Soviet Army officer who was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union in 1945 for his actions in Dresden during the course of World War II.

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Gliding at the 1936 Summer Olympics

Gliding at the 1936 Summer Olympics was a demonstration sport.

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Glosholm lighthouse

The Glosholm lighthouse (later Glosholm daymark) was a lighthouse on a southern tip of the Glosholm Island in the Pellinge archipelago in the Gulf of Finland, outside of Porvoo.

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Gloster Gamecock

The Gloster Gamecock was a biplane fighter of the Royal Air Force, a development of the Mk III Grebe, that first flew in February 1925.

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Gloster Gauntlet

The Gloster Gauntlet was a British single-seat biplane fighter of the RAF, designed and built by Gloster Aircraft in the 1930s.

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Gloster Gladiator

The Gloster Gladiator (or Gloster SS.37) is a British-built biplane fighter.

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Gneiss-2

Gneiss-2 was the first Soviet produced airborne radar system, introduced in 1942.

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Gogland

Gogland or Hogland (Гогланд; Suursaari; Hogland, Suursaar, Hochland) is an island in the Gulf of Finland in the eastern Baltic Sea, about 180 km west from Saint Petersburg and 35 km from the coast of Finland (near Kotka).

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Golden Eagle Award for Best Motion Picture

The Golden Eagle Award for Best Motion Picture (Золотой Орёл за лучший игровой фильм) is one of twenty award categories presented annually by the National Academy of Motion Pictures Arts and Sciences of Russia.

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Gorelovo (air base)

Gorelovo (Горелово) or Annino (Аннино) is a former military air base in Lomonosovsky District, Leningrad Oblast, Russia.

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Great Patriotic War (term)

The Great Patriotic War (translit) is a term used in Russia and other former republics of the Soviet Union (except for some Baltic States) to describe the conflict fought during the period from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945 along the many fronts of the Eastern Front of World War II between the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany and its allies.

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Greater Finland

Greater Finland (Suur-Suomi; Suur-Soome; Storfinland) is an irredentist and nationalist idea that emphasized territorial expansion of Finland.

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Grenade

A grenade is a small weapon typically thrown by hand.

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Grigori Shtern

Grigori Mihailovich Shtern (Григорий Михайлович Штерн, 24 July (6 August) 1900 – 28 October 1941) was a Soviet officer in the Red Army and military advisor during the Spanish Civil War.

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Grigory Kulik

Grigory Ivanovich Kulik (Григо́рий Ива́нович Кули́к) (9 November 1890 – 24 August 1950) was a Soviet military commander and Marshal of the Soviet Union.

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Gromovo

Gromovo (Гро́мово; Sakkola) is a settlement in Priozersky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located 18 km northwest of Sosnovo, and a station of the Saint Petersburg-Kuznechnoye railway.

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Gulf of Finland

The Gulf of Finland (Suomenlahti; Soome laht; p; Finska viken) is the easternmost arm of the Baltic Sea.

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Gun Lanciai

Gun Lanciai, born Gunvor Westerberg 10 November 1920 in Borgå, Finland, deceased 15 March 2013 in Helsingør, Denmark, was a Swedish-Finnish sculptress.

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Gunnar Hägglöf

Bo Gunnar Rickardsson Hägglöf GCVO (12 December 1904 – 12 January 1994) was a Swedish diplomat, in 1939 briefly cabinet member, then head of the foreign ministry's bureau for foreign trade during World War II, after the war participating in the preparations of the United Nations' 1947 UN Partition Plan of Palestine, then ambassador to London 1948–1967 and Paris 1967–1971.

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Gunnar Höckert

Gunnar Mikael Höckert (12 February 1910 – 11 February 1940) was a Finnish runner, winner of the 5000 m race at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

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Gunnar Svaetichin

Gunnar Svaetichin (1915–1981) was a Swedish-Finnish-Venezuelan physiologist who, in 1956, showed by examining the external layers of fish retinas that electroretinograms display particular sensitivity to three different groups of wavelengths in the areas of blue, green and red.

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Gustaf Erikson

Gustaf Adolf Mauritz Erikson (1872, Lemland – 1947) was a ship-owner from Mariehamn, in the Åland islands.

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Gustaf Magnusson

Gustaf Erik Magnusson (8 December 1902 Ylitornio – 27 December 1993 Helsinki) was a Finnish major general and Mannerheim Cross Knight.

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Gustaf Wrede

Gustaf Woldemar Wrede af Elimä (28 July 1889 – 17 February 1958) was a Finnish Freiherr, engineer and businessman.

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Gustavs Celmiņš

Gustavs Celmiņš (April 1, 1899 in Riga – April 10, 1968), was a Latvian politician.

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Gymnastyorka

Gymnastyorka (usually translated in English as Gimnasterka; also spelled Gymnastiorka; p) was a Russian military shirt-tunic comprising a pullover-style garment with a standing collar having double button closure.

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H. N. Brailsford

Henry Noel Brailsford (25 December 1873 – 23 March 1958) was the most prolific British left-wing journalist of the first half of the 20th century.

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Hamazasp Babadzhanian

Hamazasp Khachaturi Babadzhanian (Amazasp Khachaturovich Babadzhanyan; 18 February 1906 – 1 November 1977) was a Soviet military commander, veteran of the Second World War, and Chief marshal of the armored troops of the Soviet Union.

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Hanko

Hanko (Hangö) is a bilingual port town and municipality on the south coast of Finland, west of Helsinki.

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Hanko Naval Base

Hanko Naval Base was a Soviet naval base during 1940–1941 in the town of Hanko at the Hankoniemi peninsula which is located 100 kilometers (62 mi) from Helsinki, the Finnish capital.

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Hanko Peninsula

The Hanko Peninsula (Finnish: Hankoniemi, Swedish: Hangö udd), also spelled Hango, is the southernmost point of mainland Finland.

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Hannu Hannuksela

Hannu Esa Hannuksela (12 December 1893 – 12 May 1942) was a Finnish Major General during World War II.

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Hanriot H.230

Hanriot H.230 was a French twin-engined advanced trainer.

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Hans Bielenstein

Hans Henrik August Bielenstein (8 April 1920 − 8 March 2015) was a Swedish sinologist and Dean Lung Professor Emeritus from Columbia University specialising in the history of the Han Dynasty.

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Hans Christen Mamen

Hans Christen Mamen (20 April 1919 – 14 October 2009) was a Norwegian resistance member, local historian, priest and politician for the Christian Democratic Party.

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Hans Metzger

Hans Metzger (born 1912) is a former German diplomat, who spent a part of his childhood in Finland.

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Hans Wind

Hans Henrik "Hasse" Wind (30 July 1919, Ekenäs – 24 July 1995, Tampere) was a Finnish fighter pilot and flying ace in World War II, with 75 confirmed air combat victories.

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Hansson II Cabinet

The second cabinet of Per Albin Hansson was the cabinet of Sweden from 1936 to 1939.

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Harald Öhquist

Harald Öhquist (1 March 1891, Helsinki – 10 February 1971) was a Finnish Lieutenant General during World War II.

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Harju County

Harju County (Harju maakond), or Harjumaa (Harrien or Rugel, Harria) is one of the 15 counties of Estonia.

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Harold Macmillan

Maurice Harold Macmillan, 1st Earl of Stockton, (10 February 1894 – 29 December 1986) was a British statesman of the Conservative Party who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1957 to 1963.

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Harry Järv

Harry Järv (27 March 1921 – 21 December 2009 (in Finnish). Retrieved 4 July 2013.) was a Finland Swedish librarian, author and translator.

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Hasan Israilov

Hasan Israilov (Исраил КIант Хьасан / Israil Khant Hasan; Хасан Исраилов Khasan Israilov; 1910 - December 29, 1944) was a Chechen nationalist, guerrilla fighter, journalist, and poet who led a Chechen and Ingush resistance and rebellion against the Soviet Union from 1940 until his death in 1944.

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Hawker Hart

The Hawker Hart was a British two-seater biplane light bomber aircraft of the Royal Air Force (RAF).

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Hazi Aslanov

Hazi Aslanov (Hazi Ahad oglu Aslanov, Həzi Aslanov, Ази Асланов; commonly described as Azi Aslanov and A. A. Aslanov,;Aleksander A. Maslov, David M. Glantz, Fallen Soviet Generals: Soviet General Officers Killed in Battle, 1941-1945, Routledge, 1998,, January 22, 1910 – January 24, 1945) was an Azerbaijani major-general of the Soviet armoured troops during World War II.

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Hearts of Iron II

Hearts of Iron II is a grand strategy computer war game for the PC based upon its predecessor, Hearts of Iron, which was developed by Paradox Development Studio and published by Paradox Interactive.

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Heikki H. Herlin

Heikki Hugo Herlin (7 February 1901 — 21 August 1989) was a Finnish engineer, industrialist and vuorineuvos.

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Heikki Savolainen (gymnast)

Heikki Ilmari Savolainen (28 September 1907 – 29 November 1997) was a Finnish artistic gymnast.

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Heimo Haitto

Heimo Verneri Haitto (22 May 1925 – 9 June 1999) was a Finnish-American classical violinist who played in several U.S. symphony orchestras.

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Heimosodat

The term in Finnish historiography heimosodat has been translated literally into English as "Kindred Nations Wars", "Wars for kindred peoples" or "Kinship Wars," specifically Finnic kinship.

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Helene Schjerfbeck

Helene Schjerfbeck (July 10, 1862 – January 23, 1946, pronounced in Standard Swedish and in Finland Swedish) was a Finnish painter.

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Helsingin Jalkapalloklubi

Helsingin Jalkapalloklubi (literally The Football Club of Helsinki), commonly known as HJK Helsinki, or simply as HJK, is a professional football club based in Helsinki, Finland.

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Helsingin Sanomat

Helsingin Sanomat, abbreviated HS and colloquially known as Hesari, is the largest subscription newspaper in Finland and the Nordic countries, owned by Sanoma.

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Helsinki

Helsinki (or;; Helsingfors) is the capital city and most populous municipality of Finland.

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Helsinki harbour rail

The Helsinki harbour rail line (Helsingin satamarata) was a side rail track in Helsinki, Finland, built in the 1890s, and dismantled in 2009.

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Helsinki-Malmi Airport

Helsinki-Malmi Airport (Helsinki-Malmin lentoasema, Helsingfors-Malm flygplats) is an airport in the city of Helsinki, Finland, located in the district of Malmi, north north-east of the city centre.

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Hemingway & Gellhorn

Hemingway & Gellhorn is an HBO biopic film about the lives of journalist Martha Gellhorn and her husband, writer Ernest Hemingway.

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Henry Rinnan

Henry Oliver Rinnan (14 May 1915 – 1 February 1947) was a notorious Norwegian Gestapo agent in the area around Trondheim, Norway during World War II.

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Henrys Lake

Henrys Lake is a small, shallow alpine lake, approximately in area, at in length and in width.

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Hero City

Hero City is a Soviet honorary title awarded for outstanding heroism during World War II (the Eastern Front is known in most countries of the former Soviet Union as The Great Patriotic War).

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Hietaniemi Cemetery

The Hietaniemi cemetery (Hietaniemen hautausmaa, Sandudds begravningsplats) is located mainly in the Lapinlahti quarter and partly in the Etu-Töölö district of Helsinki, the capital of Finland.

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Hilton Helsinki Kalastajatorppa

Hilton Helsinki Kalastajatorppa is a four-star international conference and banqueting hotel, surrounded by a beautiful park.

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Historiography in the Soviet Union

Soviet historiography is the methodology of history studies by historians in the Soviet Union (USSR).

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History of Chuvashia

The history of Chuvashia spans from the region's earliest habitation by Finno-Ugric peoples to its incorporation into the Russian Empire and its successor states.

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History of Finland

The history of Finland begins around 9,000 BCE during the end of the last glacial period.

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History of Helsinki

Helsinki is the capital of Finland and its largest city.

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History of Karelia

The History of Karelia is about the cultural and geopolitical region of Karelia, in present-day eastern Finland and northwestern Russia in northern Europe.

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History of Lithuania

The history of Lithuania dates back to settlements founded many thousands of years ago, but the first written record of the name for the country dates back to 1009 AD.

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History of rail transport in Finland

The history of rail transport in Finland began on January 31, 1862, with the opening of the railway line between Helsinki and Hämeenlinna.

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History of Russia

The History of Russia begins with that of the East Slavs.

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History of Scandinavia

The history of Scandinavia is the history of the geographical region of Scandinavia and its peoples.

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History of Scandinavian Airlines System (1933–52)

The history of Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS) from 1933 to 1951 covers the first attempts at transatlantic travel, the establishment of a consortium and finally the establishment of the consolidated SAS.

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History of Sweden

During the 11th and 12th centuries, Sweden gradually became a unified Christian kingdom that later included what is today Finland.

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History of the Communist Party USA

The history of the Communist Party USA is deeply rooted in the history of the American labor movement and the Communist Party USA indeed played critical roles in the earliest struggles to organize American workers into unions as well as the later civil rights and anti-war movements.

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History of the French Foreign Legion

The French Foreign Legion has had a long and unique history amongst the units of the French Army.

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History of the Jews in Finland

Finnish Jews are Jews who are citizens of Finland.

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History of the Jews in Russia

Jews in the Russian Empire have historically constituted a large religious diaspora; the vast territories of the Russian Empire at one time hosted the largest population of Jews in the world.

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History of the Soviet Union (1927–1953)

The history of the Soviet Union between 1927 and 1953 covers the period in Soviet history from establishment of Stalinism through victory in the Second World War and down to the death of Joseph Stalin in 1953.

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Hjalmar J. Procopé

Hjalmar Johan Fredrik Procopé (8 August 1889 – 8 March 1954) was a Finnish politician and a diplomat from the Swedish People's Party.

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Hjalmar Siilasvuo

Hjalmar Fridolf Siilasvuo (birthname: Hjalmar Fridolf Strömberg, 18 March 1892, Helsinki – 11 January 1947) was a Finnish lieutenant general who led troops in the Winter War, Continuation War and Lapland War.

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HNoMS Gyller (1938)

HNoMS Gyller was a commissioned into the Royal Norwegian Navy in 1938.

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Holger Danske (resistance group)

Holger Danske was a Danish resistance group during World War II.

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Horses in World War II

Horses in World War II were used by the belligerent nations for transportation of troops, artillery, materiel, and, to a lesser extent, in mobile cavalry troops.

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Hotchkiss H35

The Hotchkiss H35 or Char léger modèle 1935 H was a French cavalry tank developed prior to World War II.

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Hubert Julian

Hubert Fauntleroy Julian (21 September 1897 – 19 February 1983) was a Trinidad-born aviation pioneer.

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Hugo Österman

Hugo Viktor Österman (5 September 1892, Helsinki – 17 February 1975) was a Finnish Lieutenant-General during World War II.

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Hungarian volunteers in the Winter War

The Hungarian Volunteers in the Winter War travelled to fight for the Finns after the Soviet invasion of Finland in 1939.

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Hurja-class motor torpedo boat

The Hurja class motor torpedo boats (English: Fierce) or H class was an Italian-designed class of Finnish motor torpedo boats, seeing service with the Finnish Navy during World War II.

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I/145 Polish Fighter Squadron

The Polish Fighter Squadron (I/145 Polski Dywizjon Myśliwski, Groupe de Chasse Polonais), also known by its designation GC I/145, was the largest fighter unit of the Polish Air Forces in France.

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Iakov Broud

Iakov Broud (March 24, 1900 – July 27, 1942) was a Soviet army commander.

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Ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) was Marxism–Leninism, an ideology of a centralised, planned economy and a vanguardist one-party state, which was the dictatorship of the proletariat.

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Iittala

Iittala, founded as a glassworks in 1881, is a Finnish design brand specialising in design objects, tableware and cookware.

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Ilmari Juutilainen

Eino Ilmari "Illu" Juutilainen (21 February 1914 – 21 February 1999) was a fighter pilot of the Ilmavoimat (Finnish Air Force), and the top scoring non-German fighter pilot of all time.

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Ilona Harima

Ilona Harima (4 March 1911 – 9 June 1986) was a Finnish artist whose paintings expressed deep oriental spirituality.

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Ilya Mazuruk

Ilya Pavlovich Mazuruk (Илья Павлович Мазурук; 20 July 1906 – 2 January 1989) was a pilot, polar explorer, and Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Ilya Starinov

Colonel Ilya Grigoryevich Starinov (Илья Григорьевич Старинов;, village of Voynovo, today's Oryol Oblast – 18 November 2000) was a Soviet military officer.

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Ilyushin DB-3

The Ilyushin DB-3, where "DB" stands for Dalniy Bombardirovschik (Russian: Дальний бомбардировщик) meaning "long-range bomber", was a Soviet bomber aircraft of World War II.

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Imatra

Imatra is a town and municipality in eastern Finland.

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Impaled Nazarene

Impaled Nazarene is a Finnish extreme metal band that started as black metal but have incorporated grindcore elements, and have grown more towards hardcore punk.

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Imperatritsa Mariya-class battleship

The Imperatritsa Mariya-class (Императрица Мария) battleships were the first dreadnoughts built for the Black Sea Fleet of the Imperial Russian Navy.

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Improvised weapon

An improvised weapon is an object that was not designed to be used as a weapon but can be put to that use.

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IMZ-Ural

IMZ-Ural (Irbit Motorcycle Factory) is a Russian maker of heavy sidecar motorcycles.

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Independence Day Reception (Finland)

Independence Day Reception is an event organised annually by the President of Finland at the Presidential Palace in Helsinki on the Finnish Independence Day 6 December.

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Independent Company

An Independent Company was a formation of the British Army during the Second World War.

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Index of World War II articles (W)

# W, or the Memory of Childhood.

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Indro Montanelli

Indro Alessandro Raffaello Schizogene Montanelli Knight Grand Cross OMRI (22 April 1909 – 22 July 2001) was an Italian journalist and historian.

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Ingrian Finns

The Ingrians (inkeriläiset, inkerinsuomalaiset; Ингерманландцы, Ingermanlandtsy), sometimes called Ingrian Finns, are the Finnish population of Ingria (now the central part of Leningrad Oblast in Russia), descending from Lutheran Finnish immigrants introduced into the area in the 17th century, when Finland and Ingria were both parts of the Swedish Empire.

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Intelligence Division (Finland)

The Intelligence Division of Defence Command (Pääesikunnan tiedusteluosasto (PE TIEDOS)) is the unit in charge of Finnish military intelligence.

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Interim Peace

The Interim Peace (Välirauha, Mellanfreden) was a short period in the history of Finland during the Second World War.

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Intermarium

Międzymorze, known in English as Intermarium, was a plan pursued after World War I by Polish leader Józef Piłsudski for a federation of Central and Eastern European countries.

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Irreligion in Finland

According to Finland's Population Information System, in 2010 the number of persons with no religious affiliation exceeded one million.

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Isku-class motor torpedo boat

The Isku class motor torpedo boat (Strike) was a Thornycroft type motor torpedo boat of the Finnish Navy.

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IV Corps (United Kingdom)

IV Corps was a corps-sized formation of the British Army, formed in both the First World War and the Second World War.

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Ivan Dmitriyevich Borisov

Ivan Dmitriyevich Borisov (Иван Дмитриевич Борисов) (1913–1939) was a Soviet aircraft pilot and Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Ivan Isakov

Ivan Stepanovich Isakov (Հովհաննես Իսակով, Иван Степанович Исаков; (– 11 October 1967), born Hovhannes Ter-Isahakyan, was a Soviet Armenian military commander, Chief of Staff of the Soviet Navy, Deputy USSR Navy Minister, and held the rank of Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union. He played a crucial role in shaping the Soviet Navy, particularly the Baltic and Black Sea flotillas during the Second World War. Aside from his military career, Isakov became a member and writer of the oceanographic committee of the Soviet Union Academy of Sciences in 1958 and in 1967, became an honorary member of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic's Academy of Sciences. Baghdasaryan A. and Ashot H. Harutyunyan. «Իսակով, Հովհաննես Սթեփանի» (Isakov, Hovhanness Stepani). Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia. vol. iv. Yerevan: Armenian Academy of Sciences, 1978, pp. 389–390.

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Ivan Khabarov

Ivan Nikitich Khabarov (Иван Никитич Хабаров 12 November 1888, in Ryazan Oblast – 1960) was a Soviet Army Commander during World War II.

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Ivan Maisky

Ivan Mikhailovich Maisky (also spelled Maysky; Ива́н Миха́йлович Ма́йский) (19 January 1884 – 3 September 1975) was a Soviet diplomat, historian and politician, notable as the Soviet Union's Ambassador to the United Kingdom during much of the Second World War.

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Ivan Plotnikov

Ivan Vasilyevich Plotnikov (Иван Васильевич Плотников) (1902–1995) was a Russian engineer and inventor of kirza, a type of artificial leather based on the multi-layer textile fabric, modified by membrana-like substances, a cheap and effective replacement for the natural leather.

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Ivan Sidorovich Lazarenko

Ivan Sidorovich Lazarenko (Иван Сидорович Лазаренко; 8 October 1895 – 26 June 1944) was a Red Army major general and a posthumous Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Ivan Tutarinov

Ivan Vasilyevich Tutarinov (Russian: Иван Васильевич Тутаринов; 19 June 1904 – 19 June 1978) was a Red Army Colonel general who commanded the Soviet airborne from 1959 to 1961.

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Ivan Yakovlevich Kravchenko

Ivan Yakovlevich Kravchenko (–8 April 1942) was a Ukrainian Red Army major and a Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Ivan Yakubovsky

Ivan Ignatyevich Yakubovsky (Ива́н Игна́тьевич Якубо́вский; 7 January 1912 – 30 November 1976) was a Marshal of the Soviet Union, twice made a Hero of the Soviet Union and serving as commander-in-chief of the Warsaw Pact from 1967 to 1976.

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Ivan Zinoviev

Ivan Dmitrievich Zinoviev (Russian: Иван Дмитриевич Зиновьев; 17 January 1905 – 1942) was a Red Army colonel and Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Jaakko Jalas

Arvo Jaakko Juhani Jalas (7 May 1920 – 1 December 1999) was a Finnish botanist.

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Jaeger Brigade

The Jaeger Brigade (Jääkäriprikaati) is a unit of the Finnish Army.

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Jalmari Jaakkola

Kaarle Jalmari Jaakkola (1 January 1885 – 12 February 1964) was a Finnish historian and a professor of Finnish history at the University of Helsinki between 1932 and 1954.

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James Burnham

James Burnham (November 22, 1905 – July 28, 1987) was an American philosopher and political theorist.

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James P. Cannon

James Patrick "Jim" Cannon (February 11, 1890 – August 21, 1974) was an American Trotskyist and a leader of the Socialist Workers Party.

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January 1940

The following events occurred in January 1940.

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January 1941

The following events occurred in January 1941.

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January 7

No description.

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Jarl Lindfors

Jarl Lindfors served as Honorary Consul of Finland in the United States from 1936–1960.

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Jääkarhu

Jääkarhu was a Finnish and later Soviet steam-powered icebreaker.

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Jäger Movement

The Jäger Movement (Jääkäriliike Jägarrörelsen) consisted of volunteers from Finland who trained in Germany as Jägers (elite light infantry) during World War I. Supported by Germany to enable the creation of a Finnish sovereign state, the movement was one of many means by which Germany intended to weaken Russia and to cause Russia's loss of her western provinces and dependencies.

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Jean Fontenoy

Jean Fontenoy (21 March 1899 – April 1945) was a French journalist, communist and fascist politician who was a collaborator with Nazi Germany.

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Johan Bäckman

Erkki Johan Bäckman (born 18 May 1971) is a Finnish political activist, author and legal sociologist.

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Johan Nykopp

Johan Albert Nykopp (27 May 1906 – 28 April 1993) was born in Le Vésinet, France.

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John Cunningham (RAF officer)

John "Cat's Eyes" Cunningham (27 July 1917 – 21 July 2002) was a Royal Air Force (RAF) night fighter ace during the Second World War and a test pilot.

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John F. "Jack" Hasey

John Freeman "Jack" Hasey (3 November 1916 – 9 May 2005) was an American captain in the French Foreign Legion during World War II and a senior operations officer with the CIA afterwards.

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John Langdon-Davies

John Eric Langdon-Davies (18 March 1897 – 5 December 1971) was a British author and journalist.

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John Steinbeck

John Ernst Steinbeck Jr. --> (February 27, 1902 – December 20, 1968) was an American author.

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John Strachey (politician)

Evelyn John St Loe Strachey (21 October 1901 – 15 July 1963) was a British Labour politician and writer.

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Jokioinen Railway

The Jokioinen Railway (JR, Jokioisten rautatie, Jokioisten-Forssan rautatie) located in Jokioinen, Finland, was opened for temporary traffic on December 9, 1898.

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Jorma Gallen-Kallela

Jorma Gallen-Kallela (22 November 1898 in Ruovesi – 1 December 1939) was a Finnish artist.

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Jorma Karhunen

Jorma Karhunen (17 March 1913 – 21 January 2002) was a Finnish Air Force ace.

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Jorma Sarvanto

Jorma Kalevi Sarvanto (22 August 1912 – 16 October 1963) was a Finnish Air Force pilot and the foremost Finnish fighter ace of the Winter War.

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Jorma Vanamo

Jorma Jaakko Vanamo (30 October 1913 Mouhijärvi –13 December 2006 Helsinki) was a Finnish diplomat.

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Josef Veltjens

Josef "Seppl" Veltjens (2 June 1894 – 6 October 1943) was a German World War I fighter ace credited with 35 victories.

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Joseph E. Davies

Joseph Edward Davies (November 29, 1876 – May 9, 1958) was an American lawyer and diplomat.

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Joseph N. Shapiro

Joseph N. Shapiro (Іосіф Навумавіч Шапіра; Иосиф Наумович Шапиро; 1887 in Minsk – 1961 in Leningrad) was urologist, one of the founders of the urologic oncology in Russia.

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Joseph Stalin

Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (18 December 1878 – 5 March 1953) was a Soviet revolutionary and politician of Georgian nationality.

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Jouko Halmekoski

Jouko Antero Halmekoski (born 1937, in Asikkala) is a Finnish writer who lives in Kalkkinen, a village near by Asikkala's municipality with his wife Leena Halmekoski.

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Juha Vainio

Juha Harri "Junnu" Vainio, also known as Juha "Watt" Vainio (10 May 1938 in Kotka, Finland – 29 October 1990, Gryon, Switzerland) was a Finnish lyricist, singer, composer and teacher.

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Juho Heiskanen

Juho Henrik Heiskanen (18 December 1889 Pielisensuu – 11 December 1950) was a Finnish major general during World War II.

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Juho Kusti Paasikivi

Juho Kusti Paasikivi (27 November 1870 – 14 December 1956) was the seventh President of Finland (1946–1956).

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Juho Niukkanen

Juho Niukkanen (27 July 1888 in Kirvu – 17 May 1954 in Helsinki) was a Finnish politician prior to, during, and after the Winter War.

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Jukajärvi

Jukajärvi is a lake in the Finnish municipality of Juva located in the province of Eastern Finland.

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Jukka Nevakivi

Jukka Taneli Nevakivi, (8 October 1931 in Pudasjärvi), is a Finnish historian, Ph.D. 1963.

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Jussi Kekkonen

Uuno Johannes (Jussi) Kekkonen (30 September 1910 – 1 April 1962) was a Finnish major, CEO and the younger brother of President of Finland Urho Kekkonen.

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Juuso Walden

Juuso Walfrid Walden (5 April 1907 – 19 November 1972) was a Finnish industrial leader and entrepreneur, long term CEO of Yhtyneet Paperitehtaat, the predecessor of United Paper Mills.

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Kaari Utrio

Kaari Marjatta Utrio (born 28 July 1942, official surname Utrio-Linnilä) is a Finnish writer.

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Kainuu Brigade

Kainuu brigade (Finnish Kainuun prikaati) is a Finnish Army unit situated in Kajaani.

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Kalervo Kurkiala

Kalervo Kurkiala (born Kalervo Groundstroem, 16 November 1894 – 26 December 1966) was a Finnish soldier who later became a pastor.

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Kalinin K-4

The Kalinin K-4 was an airliner built in the Soviet Union in the late 1920s which was also adapted for use as a photographic survey aircraft and as an air ambulance.

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Kalle Päätalo

Kaarlo (Kalle) Alvar Päätalo (11 November 1919 – 20 November 2000) was a Finnish novelist, the most popular Finnish writer in the 20th century.

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Kamennogorsk

Kamennogorsk (Каменного́рск), known under the Finnish name of Antrea (А́нтреа; S:t Andree) before 1948, is a town in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Karelian Isthmus on the left bank of the Vuoksa River (Lake Ladoga's basin) northwest of St. Petersburg.

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Kampfgruppe

In military history and military slang, the German term Kampfgruppe (pl. Kampfgruppen; abbrev. KG, or KGr in Luftwaffe usage during World War II) can refer to a combat formation of any kind, but most usually to that employed by the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany and its allies during World War II and, to a lesser extent, of the German Empire in World War I. It also referred to bomber groups in Luftwaffe usage, which themselves consisted of three or four Staffeln (squadrons), and usually (but not exclusively) existed within Kampfgeschwader bomber wings of three or four Kampfgruppen per wing.

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Kantokuen

Isoroku Yamamoto Tomoyuki Yamashita Korechika Anami Henry Pu-yi |commander2.

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Karelia

Karelia (Karelian, Finnish and Estonian: Karjala; Карелия, Kareliya; Karelen), the land of the Karelian peoples, is an area in Northern Europe of historical significance for Finland, Russia, and Sweden.

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Karelia (historical province of Finland)

Karelia (Finnish: Karjala, Swedish: Karelen) is a historical province of Finland which Finland partly ceded to Russia after the Winter War of 1939–40.

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Karelian Isthmus

The Karelian Isthmus (Karelsky peresheyek; Karjalankannas; Karelska näset) is the approximately 45–110 km wide stretch of land, situated between the Gulf of Finland and Lake Ladoga in northwestern Russia, to the north of the River Neva (between 61°21’N, 59°46’N and 27°42’E, 31°08’E).

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Karelian question

The Karelian question or Karelian issue (Karjala-kysymys) is a dispute in Finnish politics over whether or not to try to regain control over Finnish Karelia and other territories ceded to the Soviet Union in the Winter War and the Continuation War.

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Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic

The Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic (Karelo-Finnish SSR; Karjalais-suomalainen sosialistinen neuvostotasavalta; r), also called Soviet Karelia or simply known as Karelia, was a republic of the Soviet Union.

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Karhu (sports brand)

Karhu is a Finnish sports brand.

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Karjalan Liitto

Karjalan Liitto (in English: Karelian Association) is an interest group for Karelian evacuees.

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Karl Fredrik Wilkama

Karl Fredrik Wilkama, born Wilkman, (27 March 1876 – 15 July 1947) was a Finnish General of the Infantry.

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Karl Ivan Westman

Karl Ivan Westman (August 5, 1889 – April 24, 1970), Swedish diplomat, 1928–1938 Sweden's Minister in Bern and at the League of Nations, in connection with the Continuation War Sweden's ambassador to Helsinki March 1941 – October 1942, and after World War II Sweden's ambassador to Paris 1947–1956.

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Karl Lennart Oesch

Karl Lennart Oesch (8 August 1892 – 28 March 1978) was one of Finland's leading generals during World War II.

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Karl Marthinsen

Karl Alfred Nicolai Marthinsen (sometimes spelled Karl Martinsen) (25 October 1896, Karlsøy – 8 February 1945, Blindern) was the Norwegian commander of Statspolitiet and Sikkerhetspolitiet in Norway during the Nazi occupation during World War II.

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Karl Wiik

Karl Harald Wiik (1883-1946) was a Swedish-speaking Finnish Social Democratic (SDP) leader.

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Karl-August Fagerholm

Karl-August Fagerholm (31 December 1901, Siuntio – 22 May 1984, Helsinki) was Speaker of Parliament and three times Prime Minister of Finland (1948–50, 1956–57, and 1958–59).

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Kartanoism

Kartanoism (Kartanolaisuus) was a Christian sect in the 1920s through the 1950s in Finland, mostly in the Satakunta region.

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Kauhajoki

Kauhajoki (literally “Scoop River”) is a town and municipality of Finland.

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Kellogg–Briand Pact

The Kellogg–Briand Pact (or Pact of Paris, officially General Treaty for Renunciation of War as an Instrument of National Policy) is a 1928 international agreement in which signatory states promised not to use war to resolve "disputes or conflicts of whatever nature or of whatever origin they may be, which may arise among them".

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Kermit Roosevelt

Kermit Roosevelt, MC (October 10, 1889 – June 4, 1943) was an American businessman, soldier, explorer, and writer.

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Kharkiv KhAI-5

The Kharkiv R-10 (KhAI-5), sometimes Neman R-10 was a Soviet reconnaissance and light bomber aircraft, designed in the mid-1930s in the Kharkiv Aviation Institute (KhAI, - in Ukrainian: ХАІ), under the direction of Iosif Grigorevich Nyeman (sometimes written as Neman).

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Khiytola

Khiytola (Хийтола; Hiitola) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Lakhdenpokhsky District of the Republic of Karelia, Russia.

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Khozh-Akhmed Bersanov

Khozh-Akhmed Bersanov (Берсан КIант Хож-Ахьмад; 12 April 1926 – 22 March 2018) was a Chechen ethnographer and author noted for his efforts to preserve Chechen culture throughout the 20th century.

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Kiantajärvi

Kiantajärvi is a rather large lake in the Oulujoki main catchment area.

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Kingiseppsky District

Kingiseppsky District (Кингисе́ппский райо́н) is an administrativeOblast Law #32-oz and municipalLaw #81-oz district (raion), one of the seventeen in Leningrad Oblast, Russia.

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Kirill Meretskov

Kirill Afanasievich Meretskov (Кири́лл Афана́сьевич Мерецко́в; June 7, 1897 – December 30, 1968) was a Soviet military commander.

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Kirill Moskalenko

Kirill Semyonovich Moskalenko May 11, 1902 – June 17, 1985) was a Marshal of the Soviet Union. A member of the Soviet Army who fought in both the Russian Civil War and World War II, he later served as Commander in Chief of Strategic Missile Forces and Inspector General for the Ministry of Defense.

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Kirillovskoye, Leningrad Oblast

Kirillovskoye (Кири́лловское; Perkjärvi) is a settlement on Karelian Isthmus, in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, near the European route E18, and an important station of the Saint Petersburg-Vyborg railroad, being the final destination of many electric passenger trains arriving from Finlyandsky Rail Terminal.

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Kiruna

Kiruna (Northern Sami: Giron, Finnish: Kiiruna) is the northernmost town in Sweden, situated in the province of Lapland.

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Kirza

Kirza (кирза) is a type of artificial leather based on the multi-layer textile fabric, modified by membrane-like substances, produced mainly in the Soviet Union and Russia.

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Kliment Voroshilov

Kliment Yefremovich Voroshilov (Kliment Jefremovič Vorošilov; Климент Охрімович Ворошилов, Klyment Okhrimovyč Vorošylov), popularly known as Klim Voroshilov (Клим Вороши́лов, Klim Vorošilov) (4 February 1881 – 2 December 1969), was a prominent Soviet military officer and politician during the Stalin era.

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Kliment Voroshilov tank

The Kliment Voroshilov (KV) tanks were a series of Soviet heavy tanks named after the Soviet defence commissar and politician Kliment Voroshilov and used by the Red Army during World War II.

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Knud Möller

Knud Albert Möller (January 17, 1919, Helsinki – April 24, 1993 Helsinki) was a Finnish YLE radio correspondent until 1983.

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Kochyerigin DI-6

Kochyerigin DI-6 (internal designation TsKB-11; Кочеригин ДИ-6/ЦКБ-11) was a two-seat fighter biplane produced in the Soviet Union in the 1930s.

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Kohtalon kirja

Kohtalon kirja (The Book of Fate, though the website also uses The Booke of Fate) is a Finnish film released in 2003.

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Kolbein Lauring

Kolbein Widrik Lauring (15 June 1914 – 31 May 1987) was a Norwegian resistance member during World War II.

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Kollaa

Kollaa may refer to.

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Kollaa River

The Kollaa River (Колласйоки, Kollaanjoki or Kollasjoki) is a long river in the Republic of Karelia, Russia.

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Koltsovo Airport

Koltsovo International Airport (Аэропорт Кольцово) is the international airport serving Yekaterinburg, Russia, located 16 km (10 mi) southeast of the city.

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Komarovo, Saint Petersburg

Komarovo (p; Kellomäki) is a municipal settlement in Kurortny District of the federal city of St. Petersburg, Russia, located on the Karelian Isthmus on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, and a station of the Saint Petersburg-Vyborg railroad.

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Komsomolets armored tractor

T-20 armored tractor Komsomolets Bronirovannyy gusenichnyy tyagach Komsomolets T-20, an armored continuous track tractor, the T-20 was a prime mover vehicle used by the Soviet Union during the Winter War and World War II.

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Konevsky Monastery

Konevsky Monastery (Рождество-Богородичный Коневский монастырь (as it is written on the seal of the monastery), Konevitsan Jumalansynnyttäjän syntymän luostari) is a Russian Orthodox monastery that occupies the Konevets Island in the western part of the Lake Ladoga, Leningrad Oblast, Russian Federation.

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Konstantin Koroteev

Konstantin Apollonovich Koroteev (Константин Аполлонович Коротеев; –4 January 1953) was a Soviet Army colonel general and a Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Konstantin Rokossovsky

Konstantin Konstantinovich (Xaverevich) Rokossovsky (December 21, 1896 – August 3, 1968) was a Soviet officer of Polish origin who became Marshal of the Soviet Union, Marshal of Poland and served as Poland's Defence Minister from 1949 until his removal in 1956 during the Polish October.

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Konstantin Telegin

Konstantin Fedorovich Telegin (Константин Федорович Телегин,, Tatarsk, Russian Empire - 16 November 1981, Moscow, Soviet Union) was a Soviet general and a political officer.

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Koolhoven F.K.52

Koolhoven F.K.52 was a Dutch-designed, two-seat reconnaissance-fighter biplane, which was developed in the 1930s by Koolhoven.

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Korobitsyno

Korobitsyno (Коробицыно) is a rural locality on Karelian Isthmus, in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, hosting three popular ski resorts: Zolotaya Dolina, Snezhny, and Krasnoye Ozero.

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Kotliarka

Kotliarka (Kotlyarka, Котлярка) is a village in Ukraine, located in the Popilnia Raion of the Zhytomyr Oblast (province).

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Krakivs'ki Visti

The Krakivs'ki Visti (italic, Krakauer Nachrichten – Ukrainische Tageszeitung), was a Ukrainian language newspaper with its original headquarters in Kraków, that was published from 1940 to 1945.

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Kristian Løken

Kristian Rikardsen Løken (31 July 1884March 1961) was a highly decorated Norwegian military officer who served in the Belgian Force Publique from 1907 to 1917, fighting German colonial forces in East Africa from 1914 to 1917, and went on to command a Norwegian Army infantry brigade during the 1940 Norwegian Campaign of the Second World War.

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Kronstadt Naval Museum

The Kronstadt Naval Museum is a museum devoted to the history of underwater diving in Russia and the military history of Kronstadt in the 20th century.

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Kuhmo

Kuhmo is a town and a municipality in Finland and is located at the south-eastern corner of the Kainuu region.

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Kurt Berger

Kurt Volmar Berger (1896–1977) was an aviation engineer and the chief designer at the Finnish aircraft manufacturing company Valtion Lentokonetehtaat.

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Kurt Martti Wallenius

Kurt Martti Wallenius (July 25, 1893 in Kuopio – May 3, 1984 in Helsinki) was a Finnish Major General.

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Kuusamo

Kuusamo is a town and municipality in Finland.

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Kuzma Galitsky

Kuzma Nikitovich Galitsky (Кузьма́ Ники́тович Гали́цкий; 24 October 189714 March 1973) was a Soviet army general who earned the title Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Kuznechnoye

Kuznechnoye (Кузне́чное; Kaarlahti) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in the northern part of Priozersky District of Leningrad Oblast, located on the Karelian Isthmus.

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Kyösti Kallio

Kyösti Kallio (10 April 1873 – 19 December 1940) was the fourth President of Finland (1937–1940).

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Labour Independent Group

The Labour Independent Group was an organisation of five former Labour Party Members of Parliament (MPs) in the United Kingdom.

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Lady Constance Malleson

Lady Constance Malleson (24 October 1895 – 5 October 1975) was a British writer and actress (appearing as Colette O'Niel).

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Lahti

Lahti (Lahtis) is a city and municipality in Finland.

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Lahti L-35

The Lahti L-35 is a semi-automatic pistol designed by Aimo Lahti that was produced between 1935 and 1952.

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Lahti L-39

The Lahti L-39 is a Finnish 20 mm anti-tank rifle used during the Second World War.

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Lahti-Saloranta M/26

The Lahti-Saloranta M/26 (alternatively LS/26) is a light machine gun which was designed by Aimo Lahti and Arvo Saloranta in 1926.

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Lake Ladoga

Lake Ladoga (p or p; Laatokka;; Ladog, Ladoganjärv) is a freshwater lake located in the Republic of Karelia and Leningrad Oblast in northwestern Russia, in the vicinity of Saint Petersburg.

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Lake Tolvayarvi

Lake Tolvajärvi (Толваярви; Tolvajärvi) is a group of lakes in the Republic of Karelia, in the Ladoga Karelia.

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Lake Yaglyayarvi

Lake Yaglyayarvi (Ягляярви; Ägläjärvi) is a multibranching lake in the Republic of Karelia, in the Ladoga Karelia.

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Lanciafiamme Modello 35

The Lanciafiamme Spalleggiato Modello 35, also known as Model 35, was a flamethrower issued to the Royal Italian Army in the Second Italo-Ethiopian War.

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Landsverk L180, L181 and L182

The Landsverk L-180, L-181 and L-182 are a family of armored cars developed by the Swedish company AB Landsverk during the interwar years.

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Lanskaya railway station

Lanskaya platform (Платфо́рма Ланска́я; Lanskaja) is a railway station located in St. Petersburg, Russia.

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Lapinjärvi Educational Center

The Lapinjärvi Educational Center is a schooling facility located in Lapinjärvi in southern Finland.

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Lapland Group

The Lapland Group (Lapin Ryhmä) was a formation of the Finnish Army during the Winter War between Finland and the Soviet Union.

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Lapua

Lapua (Lappo) is a town and municipality of Finland.

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Lapua Movement

The Lapua Movement (Lapuan liike, Lapporörelsen) was a Finnish radical nationalist and anti-communist political movement founded in and named after the town of Lapua.

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Lauri Nissinen

Lauri Nissinen (31 July 1918 in Joensuu – 17 June 1944 in Kaukjärvi) was a World War II flying ace in the Finnish Air Force.

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Lauri Pekuri

Lauri Pekuri (born November 6, 1916 in Helsinki, Finland, died August 3, 1999 in Spain) was a World War II fighter ace of the Finnish Air Force and a Finnish jet aircraft pioneer.

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Lauri Sutela

General Lauri Johannes Sutela (11 October 1918, Äänekoski – 8 November 2011; surname until 1929 Schroderus) was a Finnish military officer.

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Lauri Törni

Lauri Allan Törni (28 May 1919 – 18 October 1965), later known as Larry Thorne, was a Finnish soldier who fought under three flags: Finnish, and later German when he fought the Soviets in World War II, and American (where he was known as Larry Thorne) when he served in US Army Special Forces in the Vietnam War.

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Lauri Tiainen

Lauri Taavetti Tiainen (18 September 1891 – 1958) was a Finnish Colonel during World War II.

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Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Gudkov LaGG-1

The Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Gudkov LaGG-1 (Лавочкин-Горбунов-Гудков ЛаГГ-1) was a Soviet fighter aircraft of World War II.

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League of Nations

The League of Nations (abbreviated as LN in English, La Société des Nations abbreviated as SDN or SdN in French) was an intergovernmental organisation founded on 10 January 1920 as a result of the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War.

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League of Nations Union

The League of Nations Union (LNU) was an organisation formed in October 1918 in the United Kingdom to promote international justice, collective security and a permanent peace between nations based upon the ideals of the League of Nations.

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Left Party (Sweden)

The Left Party (Vänsterpartiet, V) is a socialist and feminist political party in Sweden.

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Leif Larsen

Leif Andreas Larsen DSO, DSC, CGM, DSM and Bar (9 January 1906 – 12 October 1990), popularly known as "Shetlands Larsen", was a Norwegian sailor and the most highly decorated allied naval officer of World War II.

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Leland Stowe

Leland Stowe (November 10, 1899 – January 16, 1994) was a Pulitzer Prize winning American journalist noted for being one of the first to recognize the expansionist character of the German Nazi regime.

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Lemi

Lemi is a municipality of Finland.

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Leningrad Military District

The Leningrad Military District was a military district of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

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Leningrad Oblast

Leningrad Oblast (lʲɪnʲɪnˈgratskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Leningrad-class destroyer leader

The Leningrad-class destroyer leaders were built for the Soviet Navy in the late 1930s.

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Lenita Airisto

Hymmi Lenita Aulikki Airisto (born 1 January 1937 in Helsinki, Finland) is a Finnish business leader, promoter of Finnish industrial and cultural exports, TV journalist and author.

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Leo Lankinen

Leo Lankinen (Langinen) (Лео Фомич Ла́нкинен, Leo Fomich Lankinen) (13 July 1926 – 17 December 1996) was a Karelian sculptor and painter.

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Leo Sario

Leo Reino Sario (18 May 1916 – 15 August 2009) was a Finnish-born mathematician who worked on complex analysis and Riemann surfaces.

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Leonīds Breikšs

Leonīds Breikšs was a noted 1930s Latvian poet, journalist and patriot.

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Leonid Govorov

Leonid Aleksandrovich Govorov (Леони́д Алекса́ндрович Го́воров) (– 19 March 1955) was a Soviet military commander.

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Leonid Ivanov (pilot)

Leonid Illarionovich Ivanov (Russian: Леонид Илларионович Иванов; 8 August 1909 – 27 June 1941) was a Soviet Air Force senior lieutenant and posthumous Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Leonid Khrushchev

Leonid Nikitich Khrushchev (10 November 1917 - 11 March 1943) was the son of Nikita Khrushchev, former leader of the Soviet Union, and served as a fighter pilot in the Soviet Air Forces during the Second World War.

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Leonid Kolobov

Leonid Alexandrovich Kolobov (Russian: Леонид Александрович Колобов; 8 August 1907 – 13 November 1993) was a Soviet Army Lieutenant general and Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Lesogorsky

Lesogorsky (Лесого́рский; Jääski) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, located on the left bank of the Vuoksi River, on the Karelian Isthmus, near the Russia–Finland border, and a station of the Kamennogorsk–Svetogorsk–Imatra railway.

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Lev Skvirsky

Lev Solomonovich Skvirsky (Лев Соломонович Сквирский; 15 September 1903 – 5 April 1990) was a Soviet military leader and lieutenant-general.

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Leypyasuo

Leypyasuo (Лейпясуо; Leipäsuo) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, and a station of the Saint Petersburg–Vyborg railway, located on the Karelian Isthmus.

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Library of Congress Classification:Class D -- History, General and Old World

Class D: History, General and Old World is a classification used by the Library of Congress Classification system.

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Liikkala Fortress

Liikkala Fortress is a fortress in Kouvola, Finland.

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Liinakhamari

Liinakhamari (Лиинахамари; Liinahamari; Linhammar) is an ice-free harbor and a rural locality in Pechengsky District of Murmansk Oblast, Russia.

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Lillian Hellman

Lillian Florence Hellman (June 20, 1905 – June 30, 1984) was an American dramatist and screenwriter known for her success as a playwright on Broadway, as well as her left-wing sympathies and political activism.

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Lindström (company)

Lindström Group is one of the leading textile services companies in Europe and Asia.

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List of airliner shootdown incidents

In the history of commercial aviation, there have been many airliner shootdown incidents which have been caused intentionally or by accident.

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List of ambassadors of Russia to Finland

The Ambassador of Russia to Finland is a diplomatic post in the Russian civil service.

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List of authors in war

Many of the authors that served in various real-life wars (and survived) wrote stories that are at least somewhat based on their own experiences.

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List of aviators who became ace in a day

The term "ace in a day" is used to designate a pilot who has shot down five or more airplanes in a single day, based on usual definition of an "ace" as one with five or more aerial victories.

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List of battles 1901–2000

No description.

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List of battles by casualties

The following is a list of the casualties count in battles in world history.

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List of battleships of Russia and the Soviet Union

This is a list of battleships of Russian Empire (1721–1917) and the Soviet Union (1921–1991).

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List of book-based war films (1927–45 wars)

A list of films that are based on war books.

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List of conflicts in Europe

This is a list of conflicts in Europe ordered chronologically, including wars between European states, civil wars within European states, wars between a European state and a non-European state that took place within Europe, and global conflicts in which Europe was a theatre of war.

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List of Darkness viewpoint characters

Harry Turtledove's the Darkness series is written in the third-person omniscient format from a large number of viewpoint characters.

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List of dreadnought battleships of Russia

After the end of the disastrous Russo-Japanese War of 1904–05, the Imperial Russian Navy needed several years to absorb the lessons of that war, particularly from the Battle of Tsushima.

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List of Finland-related topics

This is a collection of articles relating to Finland, a country in Northern Europe.

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List of Finnish Americans

The following is a list of Finnish Americans, including both original immigrants who obtained American citizenship and their American descendants.

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List of Finnish bandy champions

Finnish bandy champion is the title given to the team winning the play-off at the end of Bandyliiga, the highest bandy league in Finland.

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List of Finnish corps in the Winter War

List of military corps – List of Finnish corps in the Winter War This is a list of Finnish corps that existed during the Winter War, 1939–1940.

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List of Finnish divisions in the Winter War

List of military divisions – List of Finnish divisions in the Winter War This is a list of Finnish divisions that existed during the Winter War, 1939–1940.

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List of foreign volunteers

The armed forces of many nations have, at one time or another, used foreign volunteers who are motivated by political, ideological or other considerations to join a foreign army.

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List of GAZ vehicles

This is a list of vehicles designed or produced by GAZ, a Russian carmaker based in Nizhny Novgorod.

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List of Hawker Hurricane operators

This is a list of the Hawker Hurricane operators.

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List of Heroes of the Soviet Union (Al-An)

The Hero of the Soviet Union was the highest distinction of the Soviet Union.

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List of Heroes of the Soviet Union (B)

The Hero of the Soviet Union was the highest distinction of the Soviet Union.

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List of Heroes of the Soviet Union (K)

The Hero of the Soviet Union was the highest distinction of the Soviet Union.

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List of Hetalia: Axis Powers characters

The characters of Hetalia: Axis Powers (often shortened to just Hetalia) are Japanese manga/anime personifications of various nations, countries and micronations.

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List of historical period drama films and series set in Near Eastern and Western civilization

The historical period drama is a film genre in which stories are based upon historical events and famous people.

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List of infantry divisions of the Soviet Union 1917–57

This is a list of infantry divisions of the Soviet Union 1917–1957.

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List of invasions

This is a list of invasions ordered by date.

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List of last stands

A last stand is a military situation where a (normally) small defensive force holds a position against a significantly more powerful attacking force, often (though not necessarily) as their final act before being defeated.

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List of lighthouses in Russia

This is a list of current and historic lighthouses and lightvessels in Russia.

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List of mass evacuations

This list of mass evacuations includes emergency evacuations of a large number of people in a short period of time.

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List of mercenaries

This is a list of mercenaries.

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List of military engagements of World War II

This is a list of military engagements of World War II encompassing land, naval, and air engagements as well as campaigns, operations, defensive lines and sieges.

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List of military figures by nickname

This is a list of military figures by nickname.

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List of military occupations

This article presents a list of military occupations.

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List of military operations on ice

Battles and other military operations that took place on lake or sea ice include.

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List of Olympic Games scandals and controversies

The Olympic Games is a major international multi-sport event.

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List of orders of battle

This is a list of orders of battle, which list the known military units that were located within the field of operations for a battle or campaign.

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List of political conspiracies

In a political sense, conspiracy refers to a group of people united in the goal of usurping, altering or overthrowing an established political power.

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List of rail accidents (1930–49)

This is a list of rail accidents from 1930 to 1949.

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List of Russian people

This is a list of people associated with the modern Russian Federation, the Soviet Union, Imperial Russia, Russian Tsardom, the Grand Duchy of Moscow, and other predecessor states of Russia.

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List of ships built at Hietalahti shipyard (201–400)

This is the list of ships built at Hietalahti shipyard in Helsinki, Finland, from yard number 201 until 400.

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List of shipwrecks in December 1939

The list of shipwrecks in December 1939 includes all ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during December 1939.

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List of shipwrecks in February 1940

The list of shipwrecks in February 1940 includes all ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during February 1940.

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List of shipwrecks in January 1940

The list of shipwrecks in January 1940 includes all ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during January 1940.

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List of shipwrecks in March 1940

The list of shipwrecks in March 1940 includes all ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during March 1940.

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List of shipwrecks in November 1939

The list of shipwrecks in November 1939 includes all ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during November 1939.

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List of snipers

A sniper is a trained marksman who operates alone, in a pair, or with a sniper team to maintain close visual contact with a target and engage the targets from concealed positions or distances exceeding the detection capabilities of enemy personnel.

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List of Soviet armies

An army, besides the generalized meanings of ‘a country's armed forces’ or its ‘land forces’, is a type of formation in militaries of various countries, including the Soviet Union.

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List of Soviet Union military equipment of World War II

The following is a list of Soviet military equipment of World War II which includes artillery, vehicles and vessels.

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List of theaters and campaigns of World War II

The List of theaters and campaigns of World War II subdivides military operations of World War II and contemporary wars by war, then by theater and then by campaign.

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List of treaties

This list of treaties contains known historic agreements, pacts, peaces, and major contracts between states, armies, governments, and tribal groups.

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List of units of the Finnish Air Force during the Winter War

This is a list of units of the Finnish Air Force during the Winter War.

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List of wars 1900–1944

This is a list of wars that began between 1900 to 1944. Other wars can be found in the historical lists of wars and the list of wars extended by diplomatic irregularity.

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List of wars by death toll

This list of wars by death toll includes death toll estimates of all deaths that are either directly or indirectly caused by war.

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List of wars involving Denmark

This is a list of wars involving the Kingdom of Denmark.

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List of wars involving Estonia

Below is a list of military conflicts in which Estonians participated on a larger scale or took place on Estonian territory.

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List of wars involving Finland

This list only includes conflicts where Finnish forces took part in actual combat.

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List of wars involving Russia

The following is an incomplete list of armed conflicts and wars fought by Russia, by Russian people, from antiquity to the present day.

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List of World War II battles

This is a list of World War II battles.

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List of World War II films

This is a list of fictional feature films or miniseries which feature events of World War II in the narrative.

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List of World War II films (1950–1989)

This is a list of fictional feature films or miniseries released since 1950 which feature events of World War II in the narrative.

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List of World War II puppet states

During World War II a number of countries were conquered and controlled.

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Lojer

Lojer Group designs and manufactures hospital and care equipment distributing those in over 100 countries worldwide.

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Long Range Aviation

Long Range Aviation (r, abbr. to AДД, or ADD) is the branch of the Soviet Air Forces and Russian Air Force tasked with long-range bombardment of strategic targets with nuclear weapons.

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Losevo, Leningrad Oblast

Losevo (Лосево; Kiviniemi) is a rural locality (a station settlement) in Priozersky District, Leningrad Oblast, located at the junction of Vuoksi River and Lake Sukhodolskoye on Karelian Isthmus.

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Lotta Svärd

Lotta Svärd was a Finnish voluntary auxiliary paramilitary organisation for women.

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Louis Golding

Louis Golding (November 19, 1895 – August 9, 1958) was an English writer, very famous in his time especially for his novels, though he is now largely neglected; he wrote also short stories, essays, fantasies, travel books and poetry.

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Louise Mountbatten

Lady Louise Alexandra Marie Irene Mountbatten (13 July 1889 – 7 March 1965), previously Princess Louise of Battenberg, was Queen of Sweden from the accession of her husband, Gustaf VI Adolf, in 1950 until her death.

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Ludomił Rayski

Ludomił Antoni Rayski (December 29, 1892 – April 11, 1977) was a Polish engineer, pilot, military officer and aviator.

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Madsen 20 mm cannon

The 20 mm AA Machine Cannon M/38 was a 20 mm rapid fire autocannon produced by the Danish company Dansk Industri Syndikat (DISA).

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Makar Teryokhin

Makar Fomich Teryokhin (– 30 March 1967) was a Soviet Army lieutenant general and a Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Mammad Maharramov

Mammad Ali oglu Maharramov (9 October 1919 5 May 1977) was an Azerbaijani Red Army lieutenant and a Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Maneuver warfare

Maneuver warfare, or manoeuvre warfare, is a military strategy that advocates attempting to defeat the enemy by incapacitating their decision-making through shock and disruption.

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Mannerheim Cross

The Mannerheim Cross of Liberty (Finnish: Mannerheim-risti, Swedish: Mannerheimkorset) is the most esteemed Finnish military decoration.

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Mannerheim Line

The Mannerheim Line (Mannerheim-linja, Mannerheimlinjen) was a defensive fortification line on the Karelian Isthmus built by Finland against the Soviet Union.

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Mannerheimintie

Mannerheimintie (Mannerheimvägen), named after the Finnish military leader and statesman Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim, is the main street of Helsinki, Finland.

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Mantsinsaari Island

Mantsinsaari Island (also Mantsi, Остров Мантсинсаари, Mantsinsaari) is an island on the North-East of Lake Ladoga in the Salmi settlement in the Pitkyaranta municipality in the Republic of Karelia.

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March 12

No description.

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March 13

No description.

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March 1940

The following events occurred in March 1940.

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March 31

No description.

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Maria Prilezhayeva

Maria Pavlovna Prilezhayeva (Мария Павловна Прилежаева, June 22, 1903 in Yaroslavl, Russian Empire – April 8, 1989 in Moscow, USSR) was a Russian/Soviet children's author, literary critic and the Soviet Union of Writers official, best known for her novel The Life of Lenin (1970) which earned her the Nadezda Krupskaya RSFSR State Prize in 1971 and later the Order of Lenin.

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Mariya Batrakova

Mariya Stepanova Demidova (née Batrakova) was a junior lieutenant in the 463rd Rifle Regiment of the 118th Infantry Division, 28th Army on the Southern Front during World War II.

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Marta Helena Nobel-Oleinikoff

Marta Helena Nobel-Oleinikoff (Russian: Марта Людвиговна Нобель-Олейникова), née Marta Helena Nobel (9 October 1881, Saint Petersburg – 1973, Stockholm), was a Russian-born Swedish physician and philanthropist and member of the Nobel family.

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Martin Ekström

Martin Eugen Ekström (6 December 1887 – 28 December 1954) was a Swedish military adventurer who became the leader of the National Socialist Bloc, an umbrella organization for various fascist and National Socialist groups.

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Martti Aho

Martti Johannes Aho (19 March 1896 in Keminmaa – 21 June 1968 in Kokkola) was a Finnish Colonel and double Mannerheim Cross knight.

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Martti Häikiö

Martti Johannes Häikiö (b. 1 October 1949 in Mikkeli), is a Finnish historian and writer.

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Martti Välikangas

Martti Välikangas (born Martti Buddén, August 1, 1893, County of Kuopio - died May 9, 1973, Helsinki) was a Finnish architect renowned for the design of so-called "Puu-Käpylä", the Garden City housing area in Käpylä near Helsinki, designed in the Nordic Classicism style.

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Mashenka (1942 film)

Mashenka (Машенька) is a 1942 Soviet drama film directed by Yuli Raizman.

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Matkahuolto

Oy Matkahuolto Ab is a Finnish company, which was established on 28 January 1933 to operate and maintain bus stations throughout Finland and to provide freight services.

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Matthew Halton

Matthew Henry Halton (September 7, 1904 – December 3, 1956) was a Canadian television journalist, most famous as a foreign correspondent for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation during World War II.

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Matti Aarnio

Matti Armas Aarnio, known as Motti-Matti (24 February 1901, Kouvola – 16 December 1984) was a Finnish military officer and a specialist in motti battles during World War II.

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Matvey Dubrovin

Matvey Grigor'evich Dubrovin (a; born July 12, 1911 in Saratov, Russian Empire – died October 22, 1974 in Leningrad, USSR).

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Mauno Koivisto

Mauno Henrik Koivisto (25 November 1923 – 12 May 2017) was a Finnish politician who served as the ninth President of Finland from 1982 to 1994.

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Mauno Kuusisto

Mauno Arnold Kuusisto (November 3, 1917, Tampere — August 29, 2010, Tampere), was a popular Finnish vocalist and opera singer (tenor), as well as an actor.

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Mauri Nyberg-Noroma

Mauri Nyberg-Noroma (31 January 1908 in Viborg – 23 December 1939 in Muolaa) was a Finnish gymnast.

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Max Manus

Maximo Guillermo "Max" Manus DSO, MC & Bar (9 December 1914 – 20 September 1996) was a Norwegian resistance fighter during World War II, specialising in sabotage in occupied Norway.

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Max Manus: Man of War

Max Manus: Man of War is a 2008 Norwegian biographical war film based on the real events of the life of resistance fighter Max Manus (1914–96).

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Max Shachtman

Max Shachtman (September 10, 1904 – November 4, 1972) was an American Marxist theorist.

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Maxim M/32-33

The Maxim M/32-33 is a Finnish modification of the Russian M1910 Maxim, developed by Aimo Lahti in 1932.

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Meanings of minor planet names: 1001–2000

038 | 1038 Tuckia || 1924 TK || Edward Tuck (1842–1938) and his wife; philanthropists.

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Mechanised corps (Soviet Union)

A mechanised corps was a Soviet armoured formation used prior to the beginning of World War II.

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Mehmet Kaplan

Mehmet Güner Kaplan (born 18 July 1971) is a Swedish politician of Turkish origin who served as Minister for Housing and Urban Development from 2014 to 2016.

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Melnikovo, Leningrad Oblast

Melnikovo (Ме́льниково; Räisälä) is a settlement on Karelian Isthmus, in Priozersky District of Leningrad Oblast.

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Michurinskoye, Leningrad Oblast

Michurinskoye (Мичу́ринское; Valkjärvi) is a settlement on Karelian Isthmus, in Priozersky District of Leningrad Oblast.

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Mika Waltari

Mika Toimi Waltari (19 September 1908 – 26 August 1979) was a Finnish writer, best known for his best-selling novel The Egyptian (Sinuhe egyptiläinen).

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Mikael Agricola Church

Mikael Agricola Church (Mikael Agricolan kirkko, Mikael Agricola kyrka) is a Lutheran church located in the Punavuori district of Helsinki, Finland.

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Mikhail Kirponos

Mikhail Petrovich Kirponos (Михаи́л Петро́вич Кирпоно́с, Михайло Петрович Кирпонос, Mykhailo Petrovych Kyrponos; 12 January 1892 – 20 September 1941) was a Soviet Ukrainian general of the Red Army during World War II.

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Mikhail Kovalyov

Colonel-General Mikhail Prokofievich Kovalyov (Михаил Прокофьевич Ковалёв) (– 31 August 1967) was a Soviet military officer.

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Mikhail Malinin

Mikhail Sergeevich Malinin (Russian: Михаил Сергеевич Малинин; in Polutino, Kostroma, Russian Empire – 24 January 1960 in Moscow, Soviet Union) was a Soviet general.

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Mikhail Meandrov

Mikhail Alekseyvich Meandrov (Михаил Алексеевич Меандров) (October 22, 1894, Moscow - August 1, 1946, Moscow) was an Imperial Russian and later Soviet officer.

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Mikhail Tikhonov

Mikhail Fyodorovich Tikhonov (Russian: Михаил Фёдорович Тихонов; 11 November 1900 – 11 February 1971) was a Red Army lieutenant general and Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Mikhail Tkachev

Mikhail Evdokimovich Tkachev (Михаи́л Евдоки́мович Ткачё́в; November 10, 1912, Kalach, Voronezh Province, Russian Empire - December 10, 2008, Saint Petersburg, Russia) was a Soviet, Russian painter, Honored Artist of Russian Federation, lived and worked in Saint Petersburg, regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his landscape paintings.

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Mikhail Tsekhanovsky

Mikhail Mikhailovich Tsekhanovsky (Михаил Михайлович Цехановский; — 22 June 1965) was a Russian and Soviet artist, animation director, book illustrator, screenwriter, sculptor and educator.

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Mikhail Zakharovich Bondarenko

Mikhail Zakharovich Bondarenko (Миха́йло Заха́рович Бондаре́нко; Михаи́л Заха́рович Бондаре́нко) (1913–1947) was an aviation commander of the Soviet Army during the Second World War, twice Hero of the Soviet Union and recipient of several other awards.

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Mikkeli

Mikkeli (S:t Michel official writing, short for Sankt Michel) is a town and municipality in Finland.

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Miklós Horthy

Miklós Horthy de Nagybánya (Vitéz"Vitéz" refers to a Hungarian knightly order founded by Miklós Horthy ("Vitézi Rend"); literally, "vitéz" means "knight" or "valiant".;; English: Nicholas Horthy; Nikolaus Horthy Ritter von Nagybánya; 18 June 18689 February 1957) was a Hungarian admiral and statesman, who became the Regent of Hungary.

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Military animal

Military animals are trained animals that are used in warfare and other combat related activities.

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Military equipment of Sweden during World War II

Sweden was formally a non-belligerent nation throughout World War II, but saw considerable military build-up as the level of threat from the Soviet Union or Nazi Germany increased.

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Military history of Finland

The military history of Finland consists of hundreds of years of armed actions in the territory encompassing modern Finland.

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Military history of Finland during World War II

Finland participated in the Second World War, twice battling the Soviet Union, and then against Nazi Germany.

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Military history of the Soviet Union

The military history of the Soviet Union began in the days following the 1917 October Revolution that brought the Bolsheviks to power.

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Military Museum of Finland

The Military Museum of Finland (Sotamuseo) is the central museum of the Finnish Defence Forces and the national special museum of military history.

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Military occupations by the Soviet Union

During World War II, the Soviet Union occupied and annexed several countries effectively handed over by Nazi Germany in the secret protocol Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact of 1939.

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Mine roller

A mine roller or mine trawl is a demining device mounted on a tank or armoured personnel carrier, designed to detonate anti-tank mines.

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Mitrofan Nedelin

Mitrofan Ivanovich Nedelin (Митрофа́н Ива́нович Неде́лин) (November 9, 1902 — October 24, 1960) was a Soviet military commander who served as Chief Marshal of the Artillery in the Soviet Armed Forces.

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Molodyozhnoye, Saint Petersburg

Molodyozhnoye (Молодёжное; Metsäkylä) is a municipal settlement in Kurortny District of the federal city of St. Petersburg, Russia, located on the Karelian Isthmus, on the northern shore of the Gulf of Finland.

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Molotov bread basket

The RRAB-3 ("rotationally dispersing aviation bomb"), nicknamed the Molotov bread basket, was a Soviet-made droppable bomb dispenser that combined a large high-explosive charge with a cluster of incendiary bombs.

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Molotov cocktail

A Molotov cocktail, also known as a petrol bomb, bottle bomb, poor man's grenade, Molotovin koktaili (Finnish), polttopullo (Finnish), fire bomb (not to be confused with an actual fire bomb) or just Molotov, commonly shortened as Molly, is a generic name used for a variety of bottle-based improvised incendiary weapons.

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Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact

The Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, also known as the Nazi–Soviet Pact,Charles Peters (2005), Five Days in Philadelphia: The Amazing "We Want Willkie!" Convention of 1940 and How It Freed FDR to Save the Western World, New York: PublicAffairs, Ch.

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Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact negotiations

The Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact was an August 23, 1939, agreement between the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany colloquially named after Soviet foreign minister Vyacheslav Molotov and German foreign minister Joachim von Ribbentrop.

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Morane-Saulnier M.S.406

The Morane-Saulnier M.S.406 was a French fighter aircraft developed and manufactured by Morane-Saulnier starting in 1938.

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Moritz Rabinowitz

Moritz Moses Rabinowitz (20 September 1887 – 27 February 1942) was a Norwegian retail merchant based in the city of Haugesund, memorialized for his humanitarian outlook and contribution to his city.

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Mortaio da 81/14 Modello 35

Mortaio da 81/14 Modello 35 was an Italian World War II infantry mortar.

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Moscow Peace Treaty

The Moscow Peace Treaty was signed by Finland and the Soviet Union on 12 March 1940, and the ratifications were exchanged on 21 March.

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Moshchny Island

Moshchny (Мощный; Lavansaari; Lövskär, Lavassaar) is an island in the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea, located some 120 km west of Saint Petersburg.

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Mosin–Nagant

The 3-line rifle M1891 (трёхлинейная винтовка образца 1891 года, tryokhlineynaya vintovka obraztsa 1891 goda), colloquially known as Mosin–Nagant (винтовка Мосина, ISO 9) is a five-shot, bolt-action, internal magazine–fed, military rifle developed from 1882 to 1891, and used by the armed forces of the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and various other nations.

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Murtaja (1890 icebreaker)

Murtaja was a Finnish state-owned steam-powered icebreaker.

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Mysteries at the Museum

Mysteries at the Museum is an hour-long television program on the Travel Channel which features museum artifacts of unusual or mysterious origins.

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Nagant M1895

The Nagant M1895 Revolver was a seven-shot, gas-seal revolver designed and produced by Belgian industrialist Léon Nagant for the Russian Empire.

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Namsos Campaign

The Namsos Campaign, in Namsos, Norway, and its surrounding area involved heavy fighting between Anglo-French and Norwegian naval and military forces on the one hand, and German military, naval and air forces on the other in April and early May 1940.

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Narvik

(Norwegian) or Áhkanjárga (Northern Sami) is the third-largest town and municipality in Nordland county, Norway by population.

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National Archives of Finland

The National Archives of Finland (Finnish: Kansallisarkisto, Swedish: Riksarkivet) is a Finnish government agency under the Ministry of Education and Culture.

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National Coalition Party

The National Coalition Party (NCP; Kansallinen Kokoomus; Kok.; Samlingspartiet; Saml.) is a centre-right political party in Finland considered to be liberal, and conservative, and liberal-conservative.

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Nationalist activism

The Nationalist activism was an elitist political movement of the early 20th century in Scandinavia, Finland and the Baltic countries.

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Naum Shusterman

Naum Semyonovich Shusterman (18 August 1912 – 25 April 1976) was a lieutenant colonel of the Soviet Union, who served as the chief engineer of the 43rd Soviet Fighter Aviation Regiment during the Great Patriotic War.

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Nautsi

Nautsi (Наутси) was a rural locality in Pechengsky District of Murmansk Oblast, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union.

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Naval warfare in the Winter War

The Naval warfare in the Winter War was the naval part of the Winter War between Finland and the Soviet Union from 30 November 1939 to 13 March 1940.

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Nazi Germany

Nazi Germany is the common English name for the period in German history from 1933 to 1945, when Germany was under the dictatorship of Adolf Hitler through the Nazi Party (NSDAP).

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Nazi–Soviet economic relations (1934–41)

After the Nazis rose to power in Germany in 1933, relations between Germany and the Soviet Union began to deteriorate rapidly, and trade between the two countries decreased.

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Nazism and race

Nazism and race concerns the Nazi Party's adoption and further development of several hypotheses concerning their concept of race.

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Neutral country

A neutral country is a state, which is either neutral towards belligerents in a specific war, or holds itself as permanently neutral in all future conflicts (including avoiding entering into military alliances such as NATO).

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Neutral powers during World War II

The neutral powers were countries that remained neutral during World War II.

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New Statesman

The New Statesman is a British political and cultural magazine published in London.

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New Valamo

New Valamo or New Valaam (Valamon luostari, or more informally, especially in the postal address: Uusi-Valamo, Valamo nya kloster) is an Orthodox monastery in Heinävesi, Finland.

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Nickel deposits of Finland

The Finnish nickel deposits were found in the Petsamo area near the Barents Sea.

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Niels Larsen Bruun

Niels Larsen Bruun (10 July 1893 – 11 July 1970) was a Norwegian officer who served in the Royal Norwegian Navy for more than four decades.

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Nikel

Nikel (Ни́кель, lit. nickel; Nikkeli) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Pechengsky District of Murmansk Oblast, Russia, located on the shores of Lake Kuets-Yarvi northwest of Murmansk and from the Norwegian border on.

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Nikolai Gastello

Captain Nikolai Frantsevich Gastello (Николай Францевич Гастелло., May 6, 1908 – June 26, 1941) was a Russian aviator and a Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Nikolai Kabak

Nikolai Panteleyevich Kabak (Russian: Николай Пантелеевич Кабак; 3 May 1904 – 27 June 1979) was a Red Army sergeant and Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Nikolai Nissen Paus

Nikolai Nissen Paus (born 4 June 1877 in Christiania, died 23 December 1956 in Tønsberg) was a Norwegian surgeon, hospital director and humanitarian.

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Nikolai Ovchinnikov

Nikolai Vassilievich Ovchinnikov (October 14, 1918 in village of Mizhuli, Cheboksary Uezd – February 2004), is a Russian and Chuvash painter (historical and conversation pieces, landscapes), People's Artist of Russia and Chuvashia, Professor, Member of the National Academy of Sciences and Arts of the Chuvash Republic.

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Nikolai Simoniak

Nikolai Pavlovich Simoniak (Симоняк Николай Павлович, – April 23, 1956) was a Soviet military commander.

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Nikolai Tikhonov (writer)

Nikolai Semenovich Tikhonov (Никола́й Семёнович Ти́хонов; – 8 February 1979) was a Soviet writer and member of the Serapion Brothers literary group.

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Nikolai Vashugin

Nikolai Nikolaevich Vashugin (Russian: Николай Николаевич Вашугин; - June 28, 1941) was a Soviet general and a political officer.

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Nikolay Burdenko

Nikolay Nilovich Burdenko (Никола́й Ни́лович Бурде́нко; – 11 November 1946) was a Russian and Soviet surgeon, the founder of Russian neurosurgery.

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Nikolay Voronov

Nikolay Nikolayevich Voronov (born in Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire; died 28 February 1968, in Moscow, Soviet Union) was a Soviet military leader, chief marshal of the artillery (1944), and Hero of the Soviet Union (7 May 1965).

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Nina Petrova

Nina Petrova (Нина Петрова; 27 July 1893 – 1 May 1945) was a sniper during the Winter War and World War II credited with 122 kills, making her one of the most successful female snipers in history.

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No. 10 Squadron (Finland)

No.

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No. 108 Squadron RAF

No.

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No. 12 Squadron (Finland)

No.

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No. 14 Squadron (Finland)

No.

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No. 16 Squadron (Finland)

No.

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No. 22 Squadron (Finland)

No.

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No. 24 Squadron (Finland)

No.

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No. 26 Squadron (Finland)

No.

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No. 28 Squadron (Finland)

No.

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No. 35 Squadron (Finland)

No.

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No. 36 Squadron (Finland)

No.

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No. 42 Squadron (Finland)

No.

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No. 44 Squadron (Finland)

No.

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No. 46 Squadron (Finland)

No.

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Nokian lukio

Nokian lukio (Nokia Senior High School) is a school located in the town of Nokia, Finland.

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Non-belligerent

A non-belligerent is a person, a state, or other organization that does not fight in a given conflict.

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Nordahl Grieg

Johan Nordahl Brun Grieg (1 November 1902 – 2 December 1943) was a Norwegian poet, novelist, dramatist, journalist and political activist.

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Nordic Council

The Nordic Council is the official body for formal inter-parliamentary co-operation among the Nordic countries.

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Nordic countries

The Nordic countries or the Nordics are a geographical and cultural region in Northern Europe and the North Atlantic, where they are most commonly known as Norden (literally "the North").

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North Finland Group

The North Finland Group (Pohjois-Suomen Ryhmä) was a formation of the Finnish Army during the Winter War.

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North Karelian Group

The North Karelian Group (Pohjois-Karjalan Ryhmä, P-KR) was a formation of the Finnish Army (1939) during the Winter War.

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Northern Fleet

The Northern Fleet (Северный флот, Severnyy Flot) is the fleet of the Russian Navy in the Arctic Ocean.

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Northern Front (Soviet Union)

The Northern Front (Северный фронт) was a front of the Red Army during the Second World War.

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Northwestern Front

The Northwestern Front (Russian: Северо-Западный фронт) was a military formation of the Red Army during the Winter War and World War II.

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Norwegian Campaign

The Norwegian Campaign (9 April to 10 June 1940) was fought in Norway between Norway, the Allies and Germany in World War II after the latter's invasion of the country.

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Norwegian Campaign order of battle

The German operation for the invasion of Denmark and Norway in April 1940 was code-named Weserübung, or "Weser Exercise." Opposing the invasion were the partially mobilized Norwegian military, and an allied expeditionary force composed of British, French, and Free Polish formations.

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Norwegian People's Aid

Norwegian People's Aid (Norsk Folkehjelp) was founded in 1939 to provide post-conflict reconstruction assistance and humanitarian relief during conflicts.

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Norwegian resistance movement

The Norwegian resistance to the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany began after Operation Weserübung in 1940 and ended in 1945.

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November 1939

The following events occurred in November 1939.

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November 26

No description.

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November 30

No description.

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NR-40

The NR-40 (from нож разведчика, nozh razvedchika meaning 'scout's knife') was a Soviet combat knife introduced in 1940 and used throughout World War II.

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Nuijamaa

Nuijamaa is a former municipality in the province of Södra Karelen in Finland.

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Nuremberg trials

The Nuremberg trials (Die Nürnberger Prozesse) were a series of military tribunals held by the Allied forces under international law and the laws of war after World War II.

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Nyrki Tapiovaara

Nyrki Tapiovaara, born 10 September 1911 in Pitäjänmäki, Helsinki, died 29 February 1940, was a Finnish film director.

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Obukhovskii 12"/52 Pattern 1907 gun

The Obukhovskii 12"/52 Pattern 1907 gun was a, 52-caliber naval gun.

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Occupation of the Baltic states

The occupation of the Baltic states involved the military occupation of the three Baltic states—Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania—by the Soviet Union under the auspices of the 1939 Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact in June 1940 followed by their incorporation into the USSR as constituent republics in August 1940 - most Western powers never recognised this incorporation.

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October 1947

The following events occurred in October 1947.

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Odessa Military District

The Odessa Military District (Одесский военный округ, ОВО) was a military administrative division of the Imperial Russian military, the Soviet Armed Forces and the Ukrainian Armed Forces and was known under such name from around 1862 to 1998.

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Ohto Manninen

Ohto Heikki Sulevi Manninen (24 March 1943 in Helsinki), is a Finnish historian, PhD 1977.

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Oiva Tuominen

Oiva Emil Kalervo Tuominen (5 March 1908, Iitti – 28 January 1976, Helsinki) was a Finnish fighter ace and a Mannerheim Cross knight of the second class.

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Olavi Alakulppi

Olavi Alakulppi (17 July 1915 in Rovaniemen maalaiskunta – 19 August 1990) was a Finnish cross country skier who competed in the 1930s.

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Oleg Penkovsky

Oleg Vladimirovich Penkovsky (Олег Владимирович Пеньковский; 23 April 1919 – 16 May 1963), codenamed HERO, was a Soviet military intelligence (GRU) colonel during the late 1950s and early 1960s.

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Olli Puhakka

Risto Olli Pekka Puhakka (11 April 1916 in Sortavala – 28 January 1989) was one of the top scoring aces in the Finnish Air Force with 42 confirmed victories.

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One Man's Faith

One Man's Faith is a 1940 Finnish drama film directed by Hugo Hytönen and Nyrki Tapiovaara, starring Gunnar Hiilloskorpi, Mirjami Kuosmanen and Hytönen.

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Onni Palaste

Onni Palaste, born Onni Bovellan (27 December 1917 - 1 July 2009) was a Finnish Winter War veteran and writer.

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Operation Barbarossa

Operation Barbarossa (German: Unternehmen Barbarossa) was the code name for the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union, which started on Sunday, 22 June 1941, during World War II.

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Operation Gladio

Operation Gladio is the codename for a clandestine North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) "stay-behind" operation in Europe during the Cold War.

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Operation Kilpapurjehdus

Operation Kilpapurjehdus ("Regatta") was the covername for the militarization of the Åland islands.

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Operation Pike

Operation Pike was the code-name for a strategic bombing plan, overseen by Air Commodore John Slessor, against the Soviet Union by the Anglo-French alliance.

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Operation Silver Fox

Operation Silver Fox (Silberfuchs; Hopeakettu) from 29 June to 17 November 1941, was a German–Finnish military operation during World War II.

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Operation Weserübung

Operation Weserübung was the code name for Germany's assault on Denmark and Norway during the Second World War and the opening operation of the Norwegian Campaign.

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Operation Weserübung's effects on Sweden

This page is about the effects on Sweden, during and following Operation Weserübung. For articles about the operation itself: On 9 April 1940, Germany successfully launched Operation Weserübung - a daring operation with the objective of simultaneously occupying Denmark and Norway, and staging a Coup d'état, in those nations.

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Operational history of the Luftwaffe (1939–45)

During the Second World War the German Luftwaffe was the main support weapon of the German Army (Heer).

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Opposition to World War II

Opposition to World War II was most vocal during the early part of World War II, and stronger still before the war started.

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Order of battle for Operation Barbarossa

This is the order of battle for Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II.

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Order of the Cross of Liberty

The Order of the Cross of Liberty (Vapaudenristin ritarikunta; Frihetskorsets orden) is one of three official orders in Finland, along with the Order of the White Rose of Finland and the Order of the Lion of Finland.

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Orders, decorations, and medals of Finland

The orders, decorations and medals of Finland form a rather complicated system through which the Finnish government shows its respect to persons who have distinguished themselves on some walk of life.

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Ordnance QF 18-pounder

The Ordnance QF 18 pounder,British military traditionally denoted smaller ordnance by the weight of its standard projectile, in this case approximately or simply 18-pounder Gun, was the standard British Empire field gun of the First World War-era.

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Origins of the Cold War

The Origins of the Cold War involved the breakdown of relations between the Soviet Union versus the United States, Great Britain and their allies in the years 1945–1949.

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Ormonde Winter

Brigadier-General Sir Ormonde de l'Épée Winter KBE CB CMG DSO (1875–1962) was a British Army officer and author who after service in World War I was responsible for intelligence operations in Ireland during the Anglo-Irish War.

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Oskari Tokoi

Antti Oskari Tokoi, known by his middle name, (1873-1963) was a Finnish socialist who served as a leader of the Social Democratic Party of Finland.

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Otradnoye, Priozersky District, Leningrad Oblast

Otradnoye (Отра́дное; Pyhäjärvi) is a rural locality (a settlement at the railway station) in Priozersky District of Leningrad Oblast and a railway station of the Saint Petersburg-Hiitola railway, located on the Karelian Isthmus at the western shore of Lake Otradnoye (Lake Pyhäjärvi).

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Otto Wille Kuusinen

Otto Wilhelm (Wille) Kuusinen (О́тто Вильге́льмович Ку́усинен, Otto Vilgelmovich Kuusinen) (4 October 1881 – 17 May 1964) was a Finnish and, later, Soviet politician, literary historian, and poet who, after the defeat of the Reds in the Finnish Civil War, fled to the Soviet Union, where he worked until his death.

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Outline of the United Nations

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the United Nations: United Nations – international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace.

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Outline of World War II

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to World War II: World War II, or the Second World War – global military conflict from 1939 to 1945, which was fought between the Allied powers of the United States, United Kingdom, and Soviet Union against the Axis powers of Germany, Italy, and Japan, with their respective allies.

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Oy Insinööritoimisto Ratas

Oy Insinööritoimisto Ratas (engineer office Ratas Inc.;in English ratas means gear) was a front (posing as an engineering consulting firm) through which about 1,200 Finns were recruited for military service in Germany during the spring of 1941, in the interim period of peace between the Continuation and Winter Wars.

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Oznobishino, Vladimir Oblast

Oznobíshino (Озноби́шино) is a village in Malyshevskoye rural settlement of Selivanovsky District in Vladimir Oblast, Russia.

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Ozyorskoye, Leningrad Oblast

Ozyorskoye (Озёрское; Vuoksenranta) is a rural locality in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Karelian Isthmus.

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Paavo Nurmi

Paavo Johannes Nurmi (13 June 1897 – 2 October 1973) was a Finnish middle-distance and long-distance runner.

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Paavo Susitaival

Lieutenant Colonel Paavo Susitaival (9 February 1896 in Helsinki – 27 December 1993), born Paavo Sivén, was a Finnish author, soldier and politician.

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Paavo Talvela

Paavo Juho Talvela (January 19, 1897 in Vantaa – September 30, 1973, Helsinki) was a Finnish soldier and a Knight of the Mannerheim Cross.

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Pahkasika

Pahkasika (Finnish for "warthog") was a Finnish adult humour magazine, edited by Markku Paretskoi and published from 1975 to 2000.

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Pajala

Pajala is a locality and the seat of Pajala Municipality in Norrbotten County, Sweden, with 1,958 inhabitants in 2010.

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Panhard 178

The Panhard 178 (officially designated as Automitrailleuse de Découverte Panhard modèle 1935, 178 being the internal project number at Panhard) or "Pan-Pan" was an advanced French reconnaissance 4x4 armoured car that was designed for the French Army Cavalry units before World War II.

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Panssarimiina m/36

The Panssarimiina m/36 is a Finnish anti-tank blast mine used during the Winter War, Second World War and Continuation War.

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Panssarimiina m/39

The Panssarimiina m/39 is a Finnish anti-tank blast mine used during the Winter War, Second World War and Continuation War.

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Panssarimiina m/S-39 and m/S-40

The Panssarimiina m/S-39 and Panssarimiina m/S-40 are Finnish anti-tank blast mine that were used during the Winter War.

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Panzer Grenadier series

The Panzer Grenadier series of board wargames is Avalanche Press's series of World War II tactical land combat.

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Paris Peace Treaties, 1947

The Paris Peace Treaties (Traité de Paris) was signed on 10 February 1947, as the outcome of the Paris Peace Conference, held from 29 July to 15 October 1946.

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Parliament House, Helsinki

The Parliament House (Eduskuntatalo, Riksdagshuset) is the seat of the Parliament of Finland.

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Parliament of Finland

The Parliament of Finland, is the unicameral supreme legislature of Finland, founded on 9 May 1906.

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Pasvik Nature Reserve

Pasvik Nature Reserve (Pasvik naturreservat; Пасвик, Pasvik zapovednik) is a bilateral nature reserve located in the valley of Pasvikdalen in Norway and Russia.

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Patriotic People's Movement (Finland)

Patriotic People's Movement, (Isänmaallinen kansanliike, IKL, Fosterländska folkrörelsen) was a Finnish nationalist and anti-communist political party.

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Paul (Olmari)

Archbishop Paul (Arkkipiispa Paavali, secular name Yrjö Olmari, born Georgi Alvovich Gusev, Георгий Алвович Гусев; August 28, 1914 - December 2, 1988) was the primate of the Finnish Orthodox Church and Archbishop of Karelia and All Finland from 1960 to 1987.

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Paul Păun

Paul Păun, September 5, 1915 – April 9, 1994 (born Zaharia Herșcovici, and who later in life changed his legal name to Zaharia Zaharia), also signed his work Paul Paon and Paul Paon Zaharia.

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Paul Reynaud

Paul Reynaud (15 October 1878 – 21 September 1966) was a French politician and lawyer prominent in the interwar period, noted for his stances on economic liberalism and militant opposition to Germany.

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Pavel Babaïlov

Pavel Babaïlov was a Soviet aviator who was posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union for his aerial combat feats as part of the 790th Fighter Aviation Regiment.

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Pavel Batov

Pavel Ivanovich Batov (Павел Иванович Батов; – April 19, 1985) was a senior Red Army general during the Second World War and afterwards, twice Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Pavel Kurochkin

Pavel Alekseyevich Kurochkin (Па́вел Алексе́евич Ку́рочкин; – 28 December 1989) was a Soviet military leader.

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Pavel Kutakhov

Pavel Stepanovich Kutakhov (3 August 1914 – 3 December 1984) was Commander-in-Chief of the Soviet Air Forces between 1969 and 1984, Chief Marshal of Aviation since 1972, twice Hero of Soviet Union (1943, 1984), Honored Pilot of USSR (1966).

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Pavel Milyukov

Pavel Nikolayevich Miliukov (p; 31 March 1943) was a Russian historian and liberal politician.

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Pavel Prokkonen

Pavel Stepanovich Prokkonen (Павел Степанович Прокконен; 16 July 1909 – 18 July 1979), born Prokofiev (Проко́фьев), was a Karelian Soviet politician.

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Pavel Rychagov

Pavel Vasilievich Rychagov (2 January 1911 – 28 October 1941) was the Commander of the Soviet Air Forces (VVS) for a brief time from 28 August 1940 to 14 April 1941.

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Pavel Terentyevich Korobkov

Pavel Terentyevich Korobkov (Russian: Павел Терентьевич Коробков; 5 October 1909 – 12 April 1978) was a Soviet Air Force major general, flying ace and a Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Pavle Abramidze

Pavle Abramidze (პავლე აბრამიძე; Павел Ивлианович Абрамидзе, Pavel Ivlianovich Abramidze) (March 19, 1901 – April 3, 1989) was a Georgian commander in the Soviet military.

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Pechengsky District

Pechengsky District (Пе́ченгский райо́н; Petsamo; Peisen; Beahcán; Peäccam) is an administrative district (raion), one of the six in Murmansk Oblast, Russia.

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Pehr Evind Svinhufvud

Pehr Evind Svinhufvud af Qvalstad (15 December 1861 – 29 February 1944) was the third President of Finland from 1931 to 1937.

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People's Seimas

The People's Seimas (Liaudies Seimas) was a puppet legislature organized in order to give legal sanction the occupation and annexation of Lithuania by the Soviet Union.

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People's Unity Party – Socialist Party

The People's Unity Party – Socialist Party (Sameiningarflokkur alþýðu – Sósíalistaflokkurinn) generally referred to as the Socialist Party (Sósíalistaflokkurinn) was an Icelandic political party which functioned from 1938 to 1968, when the People's Alliance party was created.

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Peter Drummond (RAF officer)

Air Marshal Sir Peter Roy Maxwell Drummond, (2 June 1894 – 27 March 1945) was an Australian-born senior commander in the Royal Air Force (RAF).

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Petrovskoye, Priozersky District, Leningrad Oblast

Petrovskoye (Петровское; Petäjärvi) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Priozersky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Karelian Isthmus.

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Phoney War

The Phoney War (Drôle de guerre; Sitzkrieg) was an eight-month period at the start of World War II, during which there was only one limited military land operation on the Western Front, when French troops invaded Germany's Saar district.

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Pionerskoye

Pionerskoye (Пионе́рское; Kuolemajärvi) is a rural locality on Karelian Isthmus, in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia.

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Pitkyarantsky District

Pitkyarantsky District (Питкяра́нтский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the fifteen in the Republic of Karelia, Russia.

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PK-35 Vantaa

PK-35 Vantaa (formerly Pallokerho-35 or PK-35) is a Finnish football club, based in Vantaa.

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Plan R 4

Plan R 4 was the World War II British plan for an invasion of the neutral states of Norway and Sweden in April 1940.

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PM M1910

The PM M1910 (Russian: Пулемёт Максима образца 1910 года, Pulemyot Maxima obraztsa 1910 goda or "Maxim's machine gun model 1910") was a heavy machine gun used by the Imperial Russian Army during World War I and the Red Army during Russian Civil War and World War II.

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PMD series mines

The PMD-6, PMD-7 and PMD-57 series mines are Soviet Union blast type anti-personnel mines that consist of a wooden box with a hinged lid with a slot cut into it.

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PMZ-40 mine

The PMZ-40 was a circular metal-cased Soviet multi-purpose landmine used during the Second World War.

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Pobeda, Leningrad Oblast

Pobeda (Побе́да; Kanneljärvi) is a rural locality on Karelian Isthmus, in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, served by the station Kanneljärvi of the Saint Petersburg–Vyborg railroad.

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Pocket (military)

A pocket refers to combat forces that have been isolated by opposing forces from their logistical base and other friendly forces.

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Polikarpov I-16

The Polikarpov I-16 was a Soviet fighter aircraft of revolutionary design; it was the world's first low-wing cantilever monoplane fighter with retractable landing gear to attain operational status and as such "introduced a new vogue in fighter design."Green, William.

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Polikarpov R-5

The Polikarpov R-5 was a Soviet reconnaissance bomber aircraft of the 1930s.

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Polikarpov R-Z

The Polikarpov R-Z was a Soviet reconnaissance bomber aircraft of the 1930s.

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Political career of Rab Butler: 1929-1941

Richard Austen Butler, Baron Butler of Saffron Walden, (9 December 1902 – 8 March 1982), generally known as R. A. Butler and familiarly known from his initials as Rab, was a prominent British Conservative politician.

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Polyany, Leningrad Oblast

Polyany (Поля́ны; Uusikirkko (Kirkkojärvi) Swedish: Nykyrka) is a settlement in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, on the Karelian Isthmus.

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Polyarny District

Polyarny District (Поля́рный райо́н) was an administrative division (a district) of Murmansk Okrug of Leningrad Oblast of the Russian SFSR, Soviet Union, and later of Murmansk Oblast, which existed in 1927–1960.

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Pori Brigade

The Pori Brigade (Finnish: Porin Prikaati), based in Huovinrinne, Säkylä, is a Finnish Army unit, directly under the Army headquarters.

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Porosozero

Porosozero (Поросозеро; Porajärvi) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Suoyarvsky District of the Republic of Karelia, located along the Suna River.

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PPD-40

The PPD (Pistolet-Pulemyot Degtyaryova, Russian: Пистолет-пулемёт Дегтярёва, Degtyaryov machine pistol) is a submachine gun originally designed in 1934 by Vasily Degtyaryov.

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PPG tankette

The PPG tankette (Подвижное пулемётное гнездо, Podvizhnoye pulemyotnoye gnezdo, literally "mobile machine-gun nest"), also known by the prototype name Obiekt 217, was a Soviet tankette produced for fighting in Finland.

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PPSh-41

The PPSh-41 (pistolet-pulemyot Shpagina; Пистолет-пулемёт Шпагина; "Shpagin machine pistol"); is a Soviet submachine gun designed by Georgy Shpagin as a cheap, reliable, and simplified alternative to the PPD-40.

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Pravdino, Krasnoselskoye Settlement Municipal Formation, Vyborgsky District, Leningrad Oblast

Pravdino (Пра́вдино; Kirkkoranta or Muolaa) is a settlement on the Karelian Isthmus, in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast.

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Pribylovo, Leningrad Oblast

Pribylovo (Прибылово; Makslahti) is a rural locality (a settlement) under the administrative jurisdiction of Primorskoye Settlement Municipal Formation in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Karelian Isthmus.

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Primorsk, Leningrad Oblast

Primorsk (Примо́рск; Koivisto; Björkö) is a coastal town in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia and is the second largest Russian port on the Baltic, after St. Petersburg.

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Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten

Prince Gustaf Adolf Oscar Fredrik Arthur Edmund, Duke of Västerbotten (22 April 1906 – 26 January 1947) was a Swedish prince, directly in line of succession to the Swedish throne.

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Priozersk

Priozersk (Приозе́рск, known before 1948 in Finnish as Käkisalmi (Kexholm) is a town and the administrative center of Priozersky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located at the northwestern shore of Lake Ladoga, at the estuary of the northern armlet of the Vuoksi River on the Karelian Isthmus. It is served by a station of the same name on the St. Petersburg—Khiytola railway. Population.

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Priozersky District

Priozersky District (Приозе́рский райо́н) is an administrativeOblast Law #32-oz and municipalLaw #50-oz district (raion), one of the seventeen in Leningrad Oblast, Russia.

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Prokofy Romanenko

Prokofy Logvinovich Romanenko (– 10 March 1949) was a Ukrainian Soviet Army colonel general.

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Puppet state

A puppet state is a state that is supposedly independent but is in fact dependent upon an outside power.

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Puukko

A puukko is a small traditional Finnish general purpose belt knife with a single curved cutting edge and, usually, a flat back.

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Pyotr Berestov

Pyotr Filippovich Berestov (Пётр Филиппович Берестов;, Berestovo – November 26, 1961, Zaporozhye) was a Red Army major general during the Second World War.

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Pyotr Georgyevich Novikov

Pyotr Georgyevich Novikov (18 December 1907 August 1944) was a Red Army major general.

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Pyotr Mikhailovich Petrov

Pyotr Mikhailovich Petrov (16 January 1910 23 November 1941) was a Soviet Air Force major, flying ace, and a Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Pyotr Pavlenko

Pyotr Andreyevich Pavlenko (Пётр Андре́евич Павле́нко), (born July 11, 1899, in St. Petersburg; died June 16, 1951, in Moscow), was a Soviet writer, screenwriter and war correspondent.

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Pyotr Pokryshev

Pyotr Afanasyevich Pokryshev (Пётр Афана́сьевич Покры́шев; 24 August 1914–22 August 1967) was an aviation commander of the Soviet Army and veteran ace during the Great Patriotic War, twice Hero of the Soviet Union and recipient of several other awards.

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Pyotr Pumpur

Pyotr Ivanovich Pumpur (Peteris Pumpurs; 25 April 1900 – 23 March 1942) was a Latvian Soviet Air Forces fighter pilot, Hero of the Soviet Union, and lieutenant general.

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QF 3-inch 20 cwt

The QF 3 inch 20 cwt anti-aircraft gun became the standard anti-aircraft gun used in the home defence of the United Kingdom against German airships and bombers and on the Western Front in World War I. It was also common on British warships in World War I and submarines in World War II.

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QF 3-pounder Hotchkiss

The QF 3-pounder Hotchkiss or in French use Canon Hotchkiss à tir rapide de 47 mm were a family of long-lived light naval guns introduced in 1886 to defend against new, small and fast vessels such as torpedo boats and later submarines.

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QF 4.5-inch howitzer

The Ordnance QF 4.5-inch howitzer was the standard British Empire field (or ‘light’) howitzer of the First World War era.

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QF 6-pounder Hotchkiss

The Ordnance QF Hotchkiss 6 pounder gun Mk I and Mk II or QF 6 pounder 8 cwt were a family of long-lived light naval guns introduced in 1885 to defend against new, small and fast vessels such as torpedo boats and later submarines.

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R. D. Smith

Reginald Donald "Reggie" Smith (31 July 1914 – 3 May 1985) was a teacher and lecturer, BBC radio producer, possible communist spy and model for the character of Guy Pringle in the novel sequence Fortunes of War written by his wife, Olivia Manning.

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R. H. C. Davis

Ralph Henry Carless Davis (7 October 1918 in Oxford – 12 March 1991 in Oxford), always known publicly as R. H. C. Davis, was a British historian and educator specialising in the European Middle Ages.

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Raab-Katzenstein RK-26

Raab-Katzenstein RK-26 Tigerschwalbe, also known as the Fieseler F 1 Tigerschwalbe, was a German twin-seat biplane trainer aircraft designed by Gerhard Fieseler by the end of the 1920s.

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Radar in World War II

Radar in World War II greatly influenced many important aspects of the conflict.

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Radio control

Radio control (often abbreviated to R/C or simply RC) is the use of radio signals to remotely control a device.

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Ragnar Granit

Ragnar Arthur Granit (October 30, 1900 – March 12, 1991) was a Swedish-speaking Finnish and later Swedish scientist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1967 along with Haldan Keffer Hartline and George Wald "for their discoveries concerning the primary physiological and chemical visual processes in the eye".

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Raid on Kirkenes and Petsamo

The raid on Kirkenes and Petsamo (Operation EF, 30 July 1941) took place during the Second World War.

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Raising the Flag on the Three-Country Cairn

Raising the Flag on the Three-Country Cairn is an iconic photograph taken on 27 April 1945, which was the last day of the Second World War in Finland.

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Ralph Bates (writer)

Ralph Bates (3 November 1899 – 26 November 2000) was an English novelist, writer, journalist and political activist.

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Rautjärvi

Rautjärvi is a municipality of Finland.

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Raymond Williams

Raymond Henry Williams (31 August 1921 – 26 January 1988) was a Welsh Marxist theorist, academic, novelist and critic.

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Recoilless rifle

A recoilless rifle (RCLR) or recoilless gun is a type of lightweight tube artillery that is designed to allow some of the propellant gases to escape out the rear of the weapon at the moment of ignition, creating forward thrust that counteracts some of the weapon's recoil.

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Red Army

The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (Рабоче-крестьянская Красная армия (РККА), Raboche-krest'yanskaya Krasnaya armiya (RKKA), frequently shortened in Russian to Красная aрмия (КА), Krasnaya armiya (KA), in English: Red Army, also in critical literature and folklore of that epoch – Red Horde, Army of Work) was the army and the air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, and, after 1922, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

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Reginald Urch

Reginald Oliver Gilling Urch (13 May 1884 – 15 May 1945) was an author and journalist specialising in Russian affairs.

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Reinhold Svento

Reinhold Konstantin Svento (until 1938 Sventorzetsky, July 24, 1881, St. Petersburg, Russian Empire - March 30, 1973 Lappeenranta) was a Finnish politician who served as a speaker of the Finnish Social Democratic Party between 1922 and 1945 and MP from the Finnish People's Democratic League 1945-1948, 1944-1948 as II Foreign Minister in three Governments and 1948-1951 as Envoy of Finland to Bern.

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Reino Hallamaa

Reino Henrik Hallamaa (12 November 1899 – 11 August 1979 in Churriana, Málaga, Spain) was a Finnish Colonel and developer and head of the Finnish Radio Intelligence during World War II.

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Reino Häyhänen

Reino Häyhänen (May 14, 1920 – 1961) was an Ingrian Finnish origin Soviet-born Lieutenant Colonel who defected to the United States.

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Reino Paasilinna

Reino Paasilinna (born 5 December 1939 in Arctic Ocean) is a Finnish politician and Member of the European Parliament (MEP).

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Remote control

In electronics, a remote control or clicker is a component of an electronic device used to operate the device from a distance, usually wirelessly.

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Remote control vehicle

A remote control vehicle is defined as any vehicle that is teleoperated by a means that does not restrict its motion with an origin external to the device.

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Renault FT

The Renault FT (frequently referred to in post-World War I literature as the FT-17, FT17, or similar) was a French light tank that was among the most revolutionary and influential tank designs in history.

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Repino, Saint Petersburg

Repino (Ре́пино) is an area of Saint Petersburg, Russia, and a station of the Saint Petersburg-Vyborg railroad.

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Repola

Reboly (Repola, Karelian Rebol´ä) is a settlement in the Republic of Karelia of the Russian Federation by the Finnish border.

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Republic of Karelia

The Republic of Karelia (rʲɪˈspublʲɪkə kɐˈrʲelʲɪ(j)ə; Karjalan tazavalda; Karjalan tasavalta; Karjalan Tazovaldkund) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic), located in the northwest of Russia.

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RGD-33 grenade

The Soviet RGD-33 (Ручная Граната Дьяконова образца 33 года >Ruchnaya Granata Djakonova obraztsa 33 goda, "Hand Grenade, Dyakonov design, pattern year 33") is an anti-personnel fragmentation stick grenade developed in 1933.

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Richard Åkerman

Richard "Riri" Oscar Roger Åkerman (6July 1898 – 23June 1981) was a Swedish Army officer.

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Richard Seppälä

Richard Rafael (R. R.) Seppälä (15 January 1905 Pori – 25 September 1997 Helsinki) was a Finnish diplomat.

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Rickard Sandler

Rickard Johannes Sandler (29 January 1884 – 12 November 1964) was a Swedish Social Democratic politician.

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Riihimäki–Saint Petersburg railway

The Riihimäki–Saint Petersburg railway is a long segment of the Helsinki–Saint Petersburg connection, which is divided between Saint Petersburg and Leningrad Oblast in Russia and the province of Southern Finland in Finland.

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Risto Ryti

Risto Heikki Ryti (–) was the fifth president of Finland, from 1940 to 1944.

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Robert Brichenok

Robert Ivanovich Brichenok (Роберт Иванович Бриченок Роберт Іванавіч Брычонак 17 January – 5 February 1972) was a Soviet artillery lieutenant general.

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Robert Lavonius

Robert Johannes Lavonius (16 December 1879 — 2 January 1967) was a Finnish businessman, engineer and vuorineuvos.

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Robert M. Losey

Captain Robert Moffat Losey (May 27, 1908 – April 21, 1940), an aeronautical meteorologist, is considered to be the first American military casualty in World War II.

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Roenberg

Joachim Rønning and Espen Sandberg (collectively known as Roenberg) are a Norwegian film directing duo.

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Rolf Nevanlinna

Rolf Herman Nevanlinna (né Neovius; 22 October 1895 – 28 May 1980) was a Finnish mathematician who made significant contributions to complex analysis.

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Roman Ivanovich Panin

Roman Ivanovich Panin (28 September 1897 – 1 June 1949) was a Soviet major general from during World War II.

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Romualdas Marcinkus

Romualdas Marcinkus (22 July 1907 – 29 March 1944) was a Lithuanian pilot.

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Roshchino, Leningrad Oblast

Roshchino (Ро́щино; Raivola), Raivola before 1948, is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, and a station on the Saint Petersburg-Vyborg railroad.

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RS-82 (rocket family)

RS-82 and RS-132 (Reaktivny Snaryad; Russian: Реактивный Снаряд; rocket-powered projectile) were unguided rockets used by Soviet military aircraft in World War II.

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Ruben Lagus

Ernst Ruben Lagus (12 October 1896, Hämeenkoski – 15 July 1959, Lohja) was a Finnish Major General.

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Ruby pistol

The self-loading Ruby pistol is best known as a French World War I sidearm, the Pistolet Automatique de 7 millim.65 genre "Ruby".

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Rudolf Walden

Karl Rudolf Walden (December 1, 1878 in Helsinki – October 25, 1946) was a Finnish industrialist and a military leader.

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Rush Holt Sr.

Rush Dew Holt Sr. (June 19, 1905 – February 8, 1955) was an American politician who was a United States Senator from West Virginia (1935–1941) and a member of the West Virginia House of Delegates (1931–1935, 1942–1950, 1954–1955).

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Ruskeala

Ruskeala (Рускеала) is a rural locality (a settlement) under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of republic significance of Sortavala in the Republic of Karelia, Russia.

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Russia

Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.

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Russia–United Kingdom relations

Russia–United Kingdom relations, also Anglo-Russian relations, is the bilateral relationship between Russia and the United Kingdom.

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Russian battleship Gangut (1911)

Gangut (Гангут) was both the lead ship of the dreadnoughts of the Imperial Russian Navy built before World War I and the last of her class to be completed.

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Russian military deception

Russian military deception, sometimes known as maskirovka (lit), is a military doctrine developed from the start of the twentieth century.

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Russian Winter

Russian Winter, General Winter, General Frost, or General Snow refers to the winter climate of Russia as a contributing factor to the military failures of several invasions of Russia.

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Russo-Finnish wars

The following is a list of Russo-Finnish wars.

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Rybachy Peninsula

Rybachy Peninsula (полуо́стров Рыба́чий, poluostrov Rybachy; Giehkirnjárga; Fiskerhalvøya; Kalastajasaarento) is the northernmost part of continental European Russia.

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Ryhmy ja Romppainen

Ryhmy ja Romppainen was a Finnish series of adventure stories published as 14 separate volumes during 1940 - 1967, and later ten first books as one volume.

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S-mine

The German S-mine (Schrapnellmine, Springmine or Splittermine in German), also known as the "Bouncing Betty", is the best-known version of a class of mines known as bouncing mines.

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Saint Petersburg

Saint Petersburg (p) is Russia's second-largest city after Moscow, with 5 million inhabitants in 2012, part of the Saint Petersburg agglomeration with a population of 6.2 million (2015).

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Saint Petersburg–Hiitola railway

The Saint Petersburg–Hiitola railway is a long railway with broad gauge located in St. Petersburg, Leningrad Oblast (Karelian Isthmus) and Republic of Karelia, which links Finlyandsky Rail Terminal to Khiytola (Hiitola) through Devyatkino, Vaskelovo, Sosnovo, Priozersk and Kuznechnoye.

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Salla

Salla (Kuolajärvi until 1936) is a municipality of Finland, located in Lapland.

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Salpa Line

The Salpa Line (Salpalinja, literally Bolt-line; Salpalinjen), or its official name, Suomen Salpa (Finland's Bolt), is a bunker line on the eastern border of Finland.

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Sampo (1898 icebreaker)

Sampo was a Finnish state-owned steam-powered icebreaker.

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Samuil Guz

Samuil Yurievich Guz (Самуил Юрьевич Гузь; December 5, 1905, Melitopol, Russia - May 29, 1969, Zaporizhia, USSR) was an important innovator in Soviet Metallurgical Industry and one of the founders of the Soviet Titanium Industry.

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Satakunta Air Command

The Satakunta Air Command (Satakunnan Lennosto, abbr. SatLsto; Satakunta flygflottilj) is a peace-time Finnish Air Force unit.

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Savin–Norov machine gun

The SN (Savin and Norov) was an aircraft machine gun manufactured in small numbers in the Soviet Union before World War II.

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Savonlinna Cathedral

Savonlinna Cathedral is located in Savonlinna, Finland.

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Scandinavian defence union

A Scandinavian defence union between Sweden, Norway, Finland and Denmark was planned (but never formed) after the end of World War II.

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Scandinavian Peninsula

The Scandinavian Peninsula (Skandinaviska halvön; Den skandinaviske halvøy; Skandinavian niemimaa; ?; Скандинавский полуостров, Skandinavsky poluostrov) is a peninsula of Eurasia located in Northern Europe, which generally comprises the mainland of Sweden, the mainland of Norway (with the exception of a small coastal area bordering Russia), the northwestern area of Finland, as well as a narrow area in the west of the Pechengsky District of Russia.

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Semyon Ivanov

Semion Pavlovich Ivanov (Семён Павлович Иванов; 13 September 1907 – 26 September 1993) was a Soviet general.

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Semyon Krivoshein

Semyon Moiseevich Krivoshein (Семён Моисе́евич Кривоше́ин; November 28, 1899 in Voronezh, Russian Empire – September 16, 1978 in Moscow, Soviet Union) was a Soviet tank commander, who played a vital part in the World War II reform of the Red Army tank forces and in the momentous clash between German and Soviet tanks in the Battle of Kursk.

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Semyon Timoshenko

Semyon Konstantinovich Timoshenko (Семён Константи́нович Тимоше́нко, Semën Konstantinovič Timošenko; Семе́н Костянти́нович Тимоше́нко, Semen Kostiantynovych Tymoshenko) (– 31 March 1970) was a Soviet military commander and Marshal of the Soviet Union.

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Separate Operational Purpose Division

The Separate Operational Purpose Division or ODON, formerly called OMSDON (a.k.a. Dzerzhinsky Division) is a rapid deployment internal security division of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR and then the Russian Federation, today of the National Guard Forces Command of the Russian Federation.

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Sergei Kourdakov

Sergei Nikolayevich Kourdakov (Russian: Сергей Николаевич Курдаков; March 1, 1951 – January 1, 1973) was a former KGB agent and naval officer who from his late teen years carried out more than 150 raids in underground Christian communities in regions of the Soviet Union in the 1960s.

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Sergei Shtemenko

Sergei Matveevich Shtemenko (Сергей Матвеевич Штеменко; – 23 April 1976) was a Soviet general who served as the Chief of the Soviet Armed Forces' General Staff from 1948 to 1952.

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Sergei Trofimenko

Jozef Pilsudski Sergei G. Trofimenko (10 (22) September 1899 in Ryovny – 16 October 1953 in Moscow) was a Soviet military commander, active in the Russian Civil War and Second World War.

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Sergey Aganov

Sergey Hristoforovich Aganov (Сергей Христофорович Аганов; 4 June 1917 – 1 February 1996) was a Soviet Armenian Marshal of the engineer troops.

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Sergey Kadanchik

Sergey Nikolaevich Kadanchik (Russian: Сергей Николаевич Каданчик; 12 September 1906 – 15 September 1943) was a Belarusian Red Army lieutenant colonel and posthumous Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Sergey Kolosov

Sergey Nikolayevich Kolosov (Серге́й Никола́евич Ко́лосов; 1921 - 2012) was a Soviet film director, writer, and teacher.

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Sertolovo

Sertolovo (Се́ртолово; Sierattala) is a town in Vsevolozhsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located north of St. Petersburg.

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Sevastyanovo, Leningrad Oblast

Sevastyanovo (Севастья́ново; Kaukola) is a settlement on Karelian Isthmus, in Priozersky District of Leningrad Oblast.

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Shelling of Mainila

The Shelling of Mainila (Mainilan laukaukset) was a military incident on November 26, 1939, where the Soviet Union's Red Army shelled the Russian village of Mainila (located near Beloostrov), declared that the fire originated from Finland across the nearby border and claimed to have had losses in personnel.

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Shetland bus

The Shetland Bus (Norwegian Bokmål: Shetlandsbussene, def. pl.) was the nickname of a clandestine special operations group that made a permanent link between Shetland, Scotland and German-occupied Norway from 1941 until the Occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany ended on 8 May 1945.

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Siege of Leningrad

The Siege of Leningrad (also known as the Leningrad Blockade (Блокада Ленинграда, transliteration: Blokada Leningrada) and the 900-Day Siege) was a prolonged military blockade undertaken from the south by the Army Group North of Nazi Germany and the Finnish Army in the north, against Leningrad, historically and currently known as Saint Petersburg, in the Eastern Front theatre of World War II.

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Sigrid Undset

Sigrid Undset (20 May 1882 – 10 June 1949) was a Norwegian novelist who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1928.

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Sigurd Johannes Savonius

Sigurd Johannes Savonius (2 November 1884 – 31 May 1931) was a Finnish architect and inventor.

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Sigyn (ship)

Sigyn, built in Gothenburg 1887, now museum ship in Turku, is the last remaining wooden barque used for trade across the oceans.

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Silencer (firearms)

A silencer, suppressor, sound suppressor, or sound moderator is a device that reduces the sound intensity and muzzle flash when a firearm or air gun is discharged.

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Sillanpään marssilaulu

Sillanpään marssilaulu (Finnish) is a Finnish patriotic song composed by Aimo Mustonen, with words by Frans Emil Sillanpää.

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Simo Häyhä

Simo "Simuna" Häyhä (17 December 1905 – 1 April 2002), nicknamed "White Death" (Белая смерть,; valkoinen kuolema; den vita döden) by the Red Army, was a Finnish sniper.

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Sissi (Finnish light infantry)

Sissi is a Finnish term for light infantry which conducts reconnaissance, sabotage and guerrilla warfare operations behind enemy lines.

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Sisu

Sisu is a Finnish concept and cultural construct that is described through a combination of various English terms including stoic determination, tenacity of purpose, grit, bravery, resilience, and hardiness and is held by Finns themselves to express their national character.

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Sisu (1938 icebreaker)

Sisu was a Finnish state-owned icebreaker.

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Sisu Auto

Sisu Auto is a truck manufacturer based in Raseborg, Finland.

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Sisu S-21

Sisu S-21 is a lorry first produced by the Finnish heavy vehicle producer Suomen Autoteollisuus (SAT), then under names Sisu S-22 and S-22K by Yhteissisu, which, after changing its name Vanajan Autotehdas (VAT), produced it with name Vanaja V-48.

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Sisu S-321

Sisu S-321, S-322 and S-323 is the first lorry and bus model series made by the Finnish heavy vehicle producer Suomen Autoteollisuus (SAT) in 1932–1934.

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Ski warfare

Ski warfare, the use of ski-equipped troops in war, is first recorded by the Danish historian Saxo Grammaticus in the 13th century.

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Skoda 220 mm howitzer

The Škoda 220 mm howitzer was a siege howitzer design which served with Germany, Poland, and Yugoslavia before and during World War II.

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Skolts

The Skolt Sámi or Skolts are a Sami ethnic group.

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Sling (weapon)

A sling is a projectile weapon typically used to throw a blunt projectile such as a stone, clay, or lead "sling-bullet".

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SM-sarja

SM-Sarja was the top level of ice hockey in Finland from 1928 to 1975.

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Small Farmers Party

Party of Smallholders and Rural People (Pienviljelijäin ja maalaiskansan puolue, PMP), later renamed as the Small Farmers Party (Pienviljelijäin puolue), was a political party in Finland.

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SMK tank

The SMK was an armored vehicle prototype developed by the Soviet Union prior to the Second World War.

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Smolyachkovo

Smolyachkovo (Смолячково; Luutahäntä) is a municipal settlement in Kurortny District of the federal city of St. Petersburg, Russia, located on the Karelian Isthmus on the northern shore of the Gulf of Finland.

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Sniper

A sniper is a military/paramilitary marksman who operates to maintain effective visual contact with the enemy and engage targets from concealed positions or at distances exceeding their detection capabilities.

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Snow

Snow refers to forms of ice crystals that precipitate from the atmosphere (usually from clouds) and undergo changes on the Earth's surface.

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Snowmobile

A snowmobile, also known as a motor sled, motor sledge, or snowmachine, is a motorized vehicle designed for winter travel and recreation on snow.

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Social Democratic Party of Finland

The Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP, Suomen sosialidemokraattinen puolue, Finlands socialdemokratiska parti), shortened to the Social Democrats, is a social-democratic political party in Finland.

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Solnechnoye, Saint Petersburg

Solnechnoye (Со́лнечное; Ollila) is a municipal settlement in Kurortny District of the federal city of St. Petersburg, Russia, located on the Karelian Isthmus, on the northern shore of the Gulf of Finland.

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Solothurn S-18/100

The Solothurn S-18/100 20 mm anti-tank cannon was a German and Swiss anti-tank rifle used during the Second World War.

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Solovyovo, Priozersky District, Leningrad Oblast

Solovyovo (Соловьёво; Taipale), formerly Taipale, is a rural locality (a settlement) in Priozersky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the western shore of Lake Ladoga on the Karelian Isthmus about north of Saint Petersburg.

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Sommers

Sommers (Соммерс, Someri, Sommarö) is an islet and a lighthouse in the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland, an arm of the Baltic Sea, just outside the Gulf of Vyborg, about 19 kilometres south of Virolahti, Finland, but it is now possessed by Russia.

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Sortavala

Sortavala (till 1918 Serdobol; Со́ртавала; Finnish and Sortavala; Sordavala) is a town in the Republic of Karelia, Russia, located at the northern tip of Lake Ladoga.

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Sosnovo, Priozersky District, Leningrad Oblast

Sosnovo (Сосно́во; Rautu) is a rural locality (a logging depot settlement) in Priozersky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Karelian Isthmus, and an important railway station of the Saint Petersburg-Kuznechnoye railroad.

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Sottunga

Sottunga is an island municipality of Åland, an autonomous territory of Finland.

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Sovetsky, Leningrad Oblast

Sovetsky (Сове́тский; Johannes) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia.

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Soviet Air Forces

The Soviet Air Forces (r (VVS), literally "Military Air Forces") was the official designation of one of the air forces of the Soviet Union.

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Soviet combat vehicle production during World War II

Soviet combat vehicle production during World War II from the start of the German invasion of the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941 was large.

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Soviet cruiser Kirov

Kirov (p) was a Project 26 of the Soviet Navy that served during the Winter War, World War II and into the Cold War.

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Soviet deportations from Lithuania

Soviet deportations from Lithuania were a series of 35 mass deportations carried out in Lithuania, a country that was occupied as a constituent socialist republic of the Soviet Union, in 1941 and 1945–1952.

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Soviet destroyer Gremyashchiy (1937)

Gremyashchiy (Гремящий; "thunderous") was a in service within the Soviet Navy launched on 12 March 1937 at the Zhdanov Yard in Leningrad.

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Soviet helmets during World War II

Over the course of World War II the Soviet Union employed three main helmet designs; the SSh-36, the SSh-39, and the SSh-40, each being designated with the year in which they were introduced.

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Soviet Navy

The Soviet Navy (Military Maritime Fleet of the USSR) was the naval arm of the Soviet Armed Forces.

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Soviet occupation of Latvia in 1940

The Soviet occupation of Latvia in 1940 refers, according to the European Court of Human Rights,European Court of Human Rights cases on Occupation of Baltic States the Government of Latvia, at Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Latvia the United States Department of State, at state.gov and the European Union, by EU to the military occupation of the Republic of Latvia by the Soviet Union ostensibly under the provisions of the 1939 Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact with Nazi Germany.

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Soviet occupation of the Baltic states (1940)

The Soviet occupation of the Baltic states covers the period from the Soviet–Baltic mutual assistance pacts in 1939, to their invasion and annexation in 1940, to the mass deportations of 1941.

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Soviet prisoners of war in Finland

Soviet prisoners of war in Finland during World War II were captured in two Soviet-Finnish conflicts of that period: the Winter War and the Continuation War.

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Soviet Union

The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.

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Soviet Union in World War II

The Soviet Union signed a non-aggression pact with Nazi Germany on 23 August 1939.

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Soviet Union–United States relations

The relations between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922–1991) succeeded the previous relations from 1776 to 1917 and predate today's relations that began in 1992.

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Soviet–Estonian Mutual Assistance Treaty

The Soviet–Estonian Mutual Assistance Treaty, also known as the Bases Treaty was a bilateral treaty signed in Moscow on 28 September 1939.

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Soviet–Finnish Non-Aggression Pact

The Soviet–Finnish Non-Aggression Pact was a non-aggression treaty signed in 1932 by representatives of Finland and the Soviet Union.

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Soviet–Latvian Mutual Assistance Treaty

The Soviet–Latvian Mutual Assistance Treaty was a bilateral treaty signed in Moscow on October 5, 1939.

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Soviet–Lithuanian Mutual Assistance Treaty

The Soviet–Lithuanian Mutual Assistance Treaty (Lietuvos-Sovietų Sąjungos savitarpio pagalbos sutartis) was a bilateral treaty signed between the Soviet Union and Lithuania on October 10, 1939.

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Special reconnaissance

Special reconnaissance (SR) is conducted by small units of highly trained military personnel, usually from special forces units or military intelligence organizations, who operate behind enemy lines, avoiding direct combat and detection by the enemy.

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Spirit of the Winter War

The Spirit of Winter War (Talvisodan henki) is the national unity which is credited with having saved Finland from disintegrating along class and ideological lines under the Soviet invasion during the Winter War of November 30, 1939 to March 13, 1940.

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SPL Saimaan piiri

The Suomen Palloliiton Saimaan piiri (SPL Saimaa district) was a district organisation of the Football Association of Finland operating from 1924 to 1994.

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Sport in Helsinki

Helsinki has a long tradition of sports, the city gained much of its initial international recognition during the 1952 Summer Olympics, and the city has since then been very open to arranging sporting events.

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Sredny Peninsula

Sredny Peninsula (полуо́стров Сре́дний, lit. middle peninsula) is a peninsula at north part of continental European Russia.

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SS Bremen (1928)

SS Bremen was a German-built ocean liner constructed for the Norddeutscher Lloyd line (NDL) to work the transatlantic sea route.

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SS Irma (1905)

SS Irma was a 1,322-ton steamship built by the British shipyard Sir Raylton Dixon & Co. Ltd. in Middlesbrough in the north-east of England.

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SS Ukkopekka

SS Ukkopekka is a Finnish steamship in service as a tourist and heritage attraction.

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St Michael's Church, Turku

Michael's Church (Mikaelinkirkko, Mikaelskyrkan) is a church situated in central Turku.

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Stalin's alleged speech of 19 August 1939

This article covers a speech allegedly given by Joseph Stalin, leader of the Soviet Union, on 19 August 1939 to members of the Politburo, wherein he supposedly described the strategy of the Soviet Union on the eve of World War II.

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Stasys Raštikis

Stasys Raštikis (September 13, 1896 – May 3, 1985) was a Lithuanian military officer, ultimately obtaining the rank of divisional general.

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Sten-Eggert Nauclér

Sten-Eggert Vergenhanns Nauclér (24 September 1914 – 5 November 1990) was a Swedish Army officer who served in various conflict areas, in Swedish service, Ethiopian service and as a volunteer.

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Stepan Akimov

Stepan Dmitrievich Akimov (1896 – October 29, 1941) was a Soviet general and army commander.

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Stepan Krasovsky

Sczyapan Yakimavich Krasuisky (Belorussian: Сцяпан Якімавіч Красоўскі, Russified: Stepan Akimovich Krasovskiy; - April 21, 1983) was a Soviet Air Force Marshal of the aviation.

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Stepan Maximovich Petrichenko

Stepan Maximovich Petrichenko (Степа́н Макси́мович Петриче́нко; 1892 – June 2, 1947) was a Russian revolutionary, an anarcho-syndicalist politician, the head of the Soviet Republic of Soldiers and Fortress-Builders of Nargen and in 1921, de facto leader of the Kronstadt Commune, and the leader of the revolutionary committee which led the Kronstadt rebellion of 1921.

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Stepan Oborin

Stepan Ilyich Oborin (15 August 1892 – 16 October 1941) was a Red Army major general.

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Steven Wiig

Steven Ray Wiig (born December 30, 1972) is an American film actor, director, producer and musician.

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Stig H. Hästö

Stig Herman Hästö (19 March 1918 — 14 September 1997) was a Finnish jurist, businessman and vuorineuvos.

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SU-100Y Self-Propelled Gun

The SU-100Y was a Soviet prototype self-propelled gun, developed from the prototype T-100 tank.

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Submachine gun

A submachine gun (SMG) is a magazine-fed, automatic carbine designed to fire pistol cartridges.

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Sudet

Sudet ("Wolves" in English) is a sports club from Kouvola, Finland, playing bandy and association football.

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Suite on Finnish Themes

The Suite on Finnish Themes or Seven Arrangements of Finnish Folk Songs (Russian Семь обработок финских народных песен (Сюита на финские темы)) is a suite composed in 1939 for soloists (soprano and tenor) and chamber ensemble in seven movements by the Russian composer Dmitri Shostakovich (1906–75).

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Sulo Cederström

Sulo Cederström (11 February 1903 – 26 June 1944) was a Finnish sports shooter.

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Sune Mangs

Bengt Sune Mangs (31 December 1932 – 11 February 1994) was a Swedish actor.

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Suomen Joutsen

SuomenJoutsen is a steel-hulled full rigged ship with three square rigged masts.

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Suomen Talvisota 1939–1940

Suomen Talvisota 1939–1940 was a provocative Finnish rock band in the years 1969 and 1970.

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Suomi Finland Perkele

Suomi Finland Perkele is the third full-length album by Impaled Nazarene, the last to feature both Luttinen brothers.

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Suomi KP/-31

The Suomi KP/-31 (Suomi-konepistooli or "Finnish Machine-gun", literally: "Finnish Machine-pistol") was a submachine gun (SMG) of Finnish design used during World War II.

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Suomi-Filmi

Suomi-Filmi, lit.

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Suomussalmi

Suomussalmi is a municipality in Finland and is located in the Kainuu region.

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Suoyarvi

Suoyarvi (Суоя́рви; Suojärvi; Suojärvi) is a town and the administrative center of Suoyarvsky District of the Republic of Karelia, Russia, located northwest of Petrozavodsk.

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Suppressed research in the Soviet Union

Suppressed research in the Soviet Union refers to scientific fields which were banned in the Soviet Union.

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Svenska Aero Jaktfalken

Svenska Aero Jaktfalken ("Gyrfalcon") was a Swedish biplane fighter aircraft, constructed in the late 1920s.

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Svetogorsk

Svetogorsk (Светого́рск; Enso) is an industrial town in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Karelian Isthmus, on the Vuoksa River.

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Svobodnoye, Leningrad Oblast

Svobodnoye (Свобо́дное; Kirvu) is a rural locality on Karelian Isthmus, in Vyborgsky District, Leningrad Oblast in Russia.

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SVT-40

The SVT-40 (Samozaryadnaya Vintovka Tokareva, Obrazets 1940 goda, "Tokarev self-loading rifle, model of 1940", Russian: Самозарядная винтовка Токарева, образец 1940 года, often nicknamed "Sveta") is a Soviet semi-automatic rifle.

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Sweden

Sweden (Sverige), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.

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Sweden and the Winter War

The Winter War was fought in the four months following the Soviet Union's invasion of Finland on November 30, 1939.

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Sweden during World War II

Sweden maintained its policy of neutrality during World War II.

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Sweden during World War II (timeline)

This timeline is about events during World War II of direct significance to Sweden, which remained officially neutral throughout the war.

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Sweden Finns

Sweden Finns (ruotsinsuomalaiset, sverigefinnar) are a Finnish-speaking national minority in Sweden consisting of Finns historically residing in Sweden as well as Finnish immigrants to Sweden.

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Swedes

Swedes (svenskar) are a Germanic ethnic group native to Sweden.

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Swedish Air Force

The Swedish Air Force (Svenska flygvapnet) is the air force branch of the Swedish Armed Forces.

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Swedish intervention in the Winter War

The Swedish Intervention in the Winter War was a short-lived but successful attempt by the Swedish Volunteer Corps, along with other Nordic volunteers, to prevent a Soviet invasion of Finland during the Winter War.

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Swedish iron-ore mining during World War II

Swedish iron ore was an important economic factor in the European theatre of World War II.

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Swedish Mauser

"Swedish Mausers" are a family of bolt-action rifles based on an improved variant of Mauser's earlier Model 1893, but using the 6.5×55mm cartridge, and incorporating unique design elements as requested by Sweden.

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Swedish neutrality

Swedish neutrality refers to Sweden's former policy of neutrality in armed conflicts, which was in effect from the early 19th century, until 2009, when Sweden entered into various mutual defence treaties with the EU, and other Nordic countries.

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Swedish Volunteer Corps (Winter War)

The Swedish Volunteer Corps (Svenska frivilligkåren) during the Winter War numbered 9,640 officers and men.

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Swedish-speaking population of Finland

The Swedish-speaking population of Finland (whose members are often called Swedish-speaking Finns, Finland-Swedes, Finland Swedes, Finnish Swedes, or Swedes of Finland—see below; finlandssvenskar; suomenruotsalaiset; the term Swedo-Finnish—finlandssvensk; suomenruotsalainen—can be used as an attribute) is a linguistic minority in Finland.

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Sword Scabbard Declaration

The Order of the Day of the Sword Scabbard, or the Sword Scabbard Declaration, actually refers to two related declarations by the Finnish Commander-in-Chief Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim during World War I and World War II against Soviet control of East Karelia.

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Symphony No. 8 (Sibelius)

Jean Sibelius's Symphony No.

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T-100 tank

The T-100 was a Soviet twin-turreted heavy tank prototype, designed in 1938–39 as a possible replacement for the T-35.

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T-26

The T-26 tank was a Soviet light infantry tank used during many conflicts of the 1930s and in World War II.

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T-26 variants

More than 50 different modifications and experimental vehicles based on the T-26 light infantry tank chassis were developed in the USSR in the 1930s, with 23 modifications going into series production.

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T-28

The T-28 was a Soviet multi-turreted medium tank.

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T-34

The T-34 is a Soviet medium tank that had a profound and lasting effect on the field of tank design.

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T-35

The T-35 was a Soviet multi-turreted heavy tank of the interwar period and early Second World War that saw limited production and service with the Red Army.

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T-37A tank

The T-37A was a Soviet amphibious light tank.

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T-38 tank

The T-38 amphibious scout tank was a Soviet amphibious light tank that saw service in World War II.

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Taisto Mäki

Taisto Armas Mäki (2 December 1910 – 1 May 1979) was a Finnish long-distance runner – one of the so-called "Flying Finns".

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Talvisota

Talvisota may refer to.

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Talvisota: Icy Hell

Talvisota: Icy Hell (Russian "Talvisota: Ледяной ад") is a real-time tactics and educational computer game, developed by the international developer group Blitzfront Game Studio and is based on the events of the Winter War (Talvisota) conflict of 1939–1940 between Finland and the Soviet Union.

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Tampereen-Viipurin Ilves-Kissat

Tampereen-Viipurin llves-Kissat is a Finnish football club from Tampere.

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Tancred Borenius

Carl Tancred Borenius (July 14, 1885, Vyborg – September 2, 1948, Coombe Bisset) was a Finnish art historian working in England, who became the first professor of the history of art at University College London.

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Tank corps (Soviet Union)

A tank corps (танковый корпус) was a Soviet armoured formation used during World War II.

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Tanks in the Soviet Union

This article deals with the history and development of tanks of the Soviet Union from their first use after World War I, into the interwar period, during World War II, the Cold War and modern era.

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Tanks in World War II

Tanks were an important weapons system in World War II. Even though tanks in the inter-war years were the subject of widespread research, production was limited to relatively small numbers in a few countries.

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Tapio Rautavaara

Kaj Tapio Rautavaara (March 8, 1915 – September 25, 1979) was a Finnish athlete, singer (bass-baritone) and film actor.

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Tarmo (1907 icebreaker)

Tarmo is a Finnish steam-powered icebreaker preserved in the Maritime Museum of Finland in Kotka.

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Tauno Frans Mustanoja

Tauno Frans Mustanoja (1912–1996) was a professor of English Philology and Literature at the University of Helsinki, Finland.

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Teletank

Teletanks were a series of wireless remotely controlled unmanned tanks produced in the Soviet Union in the 1930s and early 1940s so as to reduce combat risk to soldiers.

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Telogreika

Telogreika (p; lit. "body warmer") or vatnik (p) is a Russian kind of warm cotton wool-padded jacket.

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Temporary capital

A temporary capital or a provisional capital is a city or town chosen by a government as an interim base of operations due to some difficulty in retaining or establishing control of a different metropolitan area.

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Teplokhod-class motor minelayer

The Teplokhod class motor minelayer was constructed as inshore motor minelayers intended for laying ground controlled shallow water minefields.

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The Art of War (Sabaton album)

The Art of War is the fourth album by Swedish heavy metal band Sabaton.

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The Battle of Russia

The Battle of Russia (1943) is the fifth film of Frank Capra's Why We Fight documentary series, and the longest film of the series, consisting of two parts.

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The Day Will Dawn

The Day Will Dawn, released in the US as The Avengers, is a 1942 war film set in Norway during World War II.

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The Eagle Has Flown

The Eagle Has Flown is a book by Jack Higgins, first published in 1991.

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The Gamers

The Gamers was a wargaming company founded and run by Dean Essig in Homer, Illinois.

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The Great Fortune

The Great Fortune is a novel by English writer Olivia Manning first published in 1960.

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The Tales of Ensign Stål

The Tales of Ensign Stål (Swedish original title: Fänrik Ståls sägner, Vänrikki Stoolin tarinat, or year 2007 translation Vänrikki Stålin tarinat) is an epic poem written in Swedish by the Finland-Swedish author Johan Ludvig Runeberg, the national poet of Finland.

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The Unknown Soldier (2017 film)

The Unknown Soldier (Tuntematon sotilas) is a 2017 Finnish war drama independent film and the third adaption of the 1954 bestselling Finnish classic novel of the same name by Väinö Linna, a book considered part of national legacy.

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The Unknown Soldier (novel)

The Unknown Soldier or Unknown Soldiers is a war novel by Finnish author Väinö Linna, considered his magnum opus.

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The Wimsey Papers

The Wimsey Papers are a series of articles by Dorothy L. Sayers published between November 1939 and January 1940 in The Spectator.

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The Winter War (film)

The Winter War (original title in Talvisota) is a 1989 Finnish war film directed by Pekka Parikka, based on The Winter War, a novel by Antti Tuuri.

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The World at War

The World at War (1973–74) is a 26-episode British television documentary series chronicling the events of the Second World War.

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There Shall Be No Night

There Shall Be No Night is a three-act play written by American playwright Robert E. Sherwood.

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Tikkakoski secondary school

Tikkakoski secondary school (Tikkakosken koulu) is a school in Tikkakoski, Jyväskylä, Finland.

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Timeline of events preceding World War II

This timeline of events preceding World War II covers the events of the interwar period (1918–1939) after World War I that affected or led to World War II.

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Timeline of Finnish history

This is a timeline of Finnish history.

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Timeline of Russian history

This is a timeline of Russian history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Russia and its predecessor states.

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Timeline of the 20th century

This is a timeline of the 20th century.

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Timeline of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact

The timeline of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact is a chronology of events, including Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact negotiations, leading up to, culminating in, and resulting from the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact.

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Timeline of the Norwegian Campaign

The Norwegian Campaign, lasting from 9 April to 10 June 1940, led to the first direct land confrontation between the military forces of the Allies — United Kingdom and France — against Nazi Germany in World War II.

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Timeline of the occupation of the Baltic states

Timeline of the occupation of the Baltic States lists key events in the military occupation of the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania by the Soviet Union and by Nazi Germany during World War II.

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Timeline of the Winter War

The timeline of the Winter War is a chronology of events leading up to, culminating in, and resulting from the Winter War.

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Timeline of World War II (1939)

This is a timeline of events that stretched over the period of World War II.

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Timofey Khryukin

Timofey Timofeyevich Khryukin (Тимофе́й Тимофе́евич Хрю́кин;, in Yeysk19 July 1953, in Moscow) was a Soviet aviator, Spanish Civil War volunteer, and colonel-general of the Soviet Air Force.

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Toivo Antikainen

Toivo Antikainen (То́йво А́нтикайнен, 8 June 1898 – 4 October 1941) was a Finnish-born communist and a military officer of the Soviet Red Army.

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Toivo Mikael Kivimäki

Toivo Mikael Kivimäki (5 June 1886 – 6 May 1968), J.D., was head of the department of civil law at Helsinki University 1931–1956, Prime Minister of Finland 1932–1936, and Finland's Envoy to Berlin 1940–1944.

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Toivo Vähä

Toivo Juhonpoika Vähä (То́йво Ю́хонпойка Вя́хя, also known as Ivan Mikhailovich Petrov, Russian: Иван Михайлович Петров, 12 April 1901 – 18 June 1984) was a Finnish born Soviet colonel of the KGB.

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Tom of Finland

Touko Valio Laaksonen (8 May 1920 – 7 November 1991), best known by his pseudonym Tom of Finland, was a Finnish artist known for his stylized highly masculinized homoerotic fetish art, and for his influence on late twentieth century gay culture.

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Tor Nessling

Tor Ragnar Nessling MSc ''(diplomi-insinööri)'' (6 September 1901 – 23 November 1971) was a leading Finnish industrialist, entrepreneur and engineer.

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Torstein Dale

Torstein Dale (8 May 1907 – 18 March 1977) was a Norwegian physician and military officer.

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Training Air Wing, Finnish Air Force

The Training Air Wing (Lentosotakoulu, abbr. LentoSK, Flygkrigsskolan) was the Finnish Air Force pilot jet aircraft training school.

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Transit of German troops through Finland and Sweden

The matter of German troop transfer through Finland and Sweden during World War II was one of the more controversial aspects of modern Nordic history beside Finland's co-belligerence with Nazi Germany in the Continuation War, and the export of Swedish iron ore during World War II.

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Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a peace treaty signed on 3 March 1918 between the new Bolshevik government of Soviet Russia and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire), that ended Russia's participation in World War I. The treaty was signed at Brest-Litovsk (Brześć Litewski; since 1945 Brest), after two months of negotiations.

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Treaty of Tartu (Russian–Finnish)

The Treaty of Tartu (italic, Tarton rauha) between Finland and Soviet Russia was signed on 14 October 1920 after negotiations that lasted four months.

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Treaty on the Creation of the USSR

The Treaty on the Creation of the USSR officially created the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union.

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Tripartite Pact

The Tripartite Pact, also known as the Berlin Pact, was an agreement between Germany, Italy and Japan signed in Berlin on 27 September 1940 by, respectively, Joachim von Ribbentrop, Galeazzo Ciano and Saburō Kurusu.

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TT pistol

The TT-30 (7,62 mm Samozaryadny Pistolet Tokareva obraztsa 1930 goda, "7.62 mm Tokarev self-loading pistol model 1930", TT stands for Tula-Tokarev) is a Russian semi-automatic pistol.

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Tuman (Soviet patrol boat)

The Tuman (Туман, meaning Mist) was a Soviet patrol boat that achieved lasting fame in a battle fought in Arctic waters of the Barents Sea in 1941.

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Tupolev SB

The Tupolev ANT-40, also known by its service name Tupolev SB (Скоростной бомбардировщик – Skorostnoi Bombardirovschik – high speed bomber) and development co-name TsAGI-40, was a high speed twin-engined three-seat monoplane bomber, first flown in 1934.

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Tupolev TB-3

The Tupolev TB-3 (Тяжёлый Бомбардировщик, Tyazholy Bombardirovschik, Heavy Bomber, civilian designation ANT-6) was a heavy bomber aircraft which was deployed by the Soviet Air Force in the 1930s and during World War II.

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Turku

Turku (Åbo) is a city on the southwest coast of Finland at the mouth of the Aura River, in the region of Southwest Finland.

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Turku Castle

Turku Castle (Turun linna, Åbo slott) is a medieval building in the city of Turku in Finland.

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Turku Coastal Regiment

Turku Coastal Regiment (Turun Rannikkorykmentti) was a Finnish coastal artillery unit operating in the Turku area and Archipelago Sea.

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Turun normaalikoulu

Turun normaalikoulu (or Norssi for short) is a school in Varissuo, an eastern suburb of Turku, Finland.

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Ukrainian Congress Committee of America

The Ukrainian Congress Committee of America (Український Конґресовий Комітет Америки) or UCCA (УККА) is a non-partisan not-for-profit national umbrella organization uniting over 20 national Ukrainian American organizations in advocating for over 1,000,000 Americans of Ukrainian descent.

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United Nations Security Council veto power

The United Nations Security Council "veto power" refers to the power of the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council (China, France, Russia, United Kingdom, and United States) to veto any "substantive" resolution.

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Unmanned ground vehicle

An unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) is a vehicle that operates while in contact with the ground and without an onboard human presence.

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Uno Ullberg

Uno Verner Ullberg (1879 in Viipuri – 1944 in Helsinki) was a famous Finnish architect.

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Uragan-class guard ship

The Uragan-class guard ships were built for the Soviet Navy as small patrol and escort ships.

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Urho Kekkonen

Urho Kaleva Kekkonen (3 September 1900 – 31 August 1986) was a Finnish politician who served as the eighth and longest-serving President of Finland (1956–82).

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Urho Lehtovaara

Urho Sakari Lehtovaara (27 October 1917, Pyhäjärvi, northern Finland – 15 January 1949) was one of the top scoring Finnish Air Force aces.

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Usadishche, Vyborgsky District, Leningrad Oblast

Usadishche (Уса́дище; Kintere) was formerly a rural locality on Karelian Isthmus, in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, near the Russia–Finland border.

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Ushanka

An ushanka (p, literally "ear flap hat"), also called a ushanka-hat (p), is a Russian fur cap with ear flaps that can be tied up to the crown of the cap, or fastened at the chin to protect the ears, jaw and lower chin from the cold.

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Ushkovo, Saint Petersburg

Ushkovo (Ушково; Tyrisevä) is a municipal settlement in Kurortny District of the federal city of St. Petersburg, Russia, located on the Karelian Isthmus, on the northern shore of the Gulf of Finland.

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USS West Carnifax (ID-3812)

USS West Carnifax (ID-3812) was a cargo ship in the United States Navy shortly after World War I. After she was decommissioned from the Navy, the ship was known as SS West Carnifax, SS Exford, and SS Pan Royal (or sometimes Pan-Royal) in civilian service under American registry.

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Uuno Klami

Uuno (Kalervo) Klami (20 September 1900 – 29 May 1961) was a Finnish composer.

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Uusimaa Brigade

The Nyland Brigade, officially Nylands Brigad (NylBr) in Swedish, (Uudenmaan Prikaati (UudPr)), is a Brigade-level Marine unit of the Finnish Navy stationed in Dragsvik in Raseborg in the province of Uusimaa.

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Valaam

Valaam (Russian: Валаам or Валаамский архипелаг), also known historically by the Finnish name Valamo, is an archipelago in the northern portion of Lake Ladoga, lying within the Republic of Karelia, Russian Federation.

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Valaam Monastery

The Valaam Monastery, or Valamo Monastery is a stauropegic Orthodox monastery in Russian Karelia, located on Valaam, the largest island in Lake Ladoga, the largest lake in Europe.

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Valdemar Rørdam

Valdemar Rørdam (23 September 1872 – 13 July 1946) was a Danish national conservative poet and author.

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Valentina Tereshkova

Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova (a; born 6 March 1937) is a retired Russian cosmonaut, engineer, and politician.

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Valerian A. Frolov

Valerian Alexandrovich Frolov (Валериан Александрович Фролов) (June 7 (O.S. May 26), 1895, (1895 in Petrograd – 1961 in Leningrad) was a Soviet Colonel General (1943). Frolov participated in the First World War, the Russian Civil War, and the Soviet-Finnish war as an Army commander, and during the Second World War as the commander of the 14th Army, and from September 1941 to February 1944, the Karelian Front. After the war from 1945 to 1956 commanded the troops of Belomorsky Military District and Arkhangelsk Military District. From 1956 he was placed in reserve..

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Vardøhus Fortress

Vardøhus Fortress (Vardøhus festning) is located in Vardø Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway.

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Vasili Sergeyevich Arkhipov

Vasili Sergeyevich Arkhipov (Василий Сергеевич Архипов) (1906–1985) was a commander of the Soviet Army during the Great Patriotic War, twice Hero of the Soviet Union and recipient of several other awards.

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Vasily Afonin

Vasily Maximovich Afonin (Василий Максимович Афонин) (1919 – January 4, 1996) was a Soviet air ace who fought in the German-Soviet War.

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Vasily Chuikov

Vasily Ivanovich Chuikov (12 February 1900 – 18 March 1982) was a Soviet military officer.

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Vasily Degtyaryov

Vasily Alekseyevich Degtyaryov (Васи́лий Алексе́евич Дегтярёв; January 2, 1880, Tula – January 16, 1949, Moscow) was a Russian engineer who specialised in weapons design.

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Vasily Fedotov (Major-General)

Vasily Nikolayevich Fedotov (Василий Николаевич Федотов; 22 December 1915 – 9 January 1997) was a major general of the Soviet Army, who was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union for his actions in battle in the Second World War while he was a Lieutenant Colonel.

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Vasily Gordov

Vasily Nikolaevich Gordov (12 December 1896 – 24 August 1950) was a Soviet military officer who commanded the Stalingrad Front between July and August 1942 until his replacement by Andrey Yeryomenko.

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Vasily Margelov

Vasily Filippovich Margelov (Russian: Василий Филиппович Маргелов; – 4 March 1990) was a Red Army General who led the Soviet Airborne Troops (VDV) from 1954 to 1959 and from 1961–1979.

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Vasily Myachin

Vasily Dmitrievich Myachin (17 December 191814 March 1980) was a Soviet Army colonel and a Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Vasily Popov (Soviet general)

Vasily Stepanovich Popov (Russian, Василий Степанович Попов, January 8, 1894 – July 2, 1967) was a Soviet general and Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Vasily Zhilin

Vasily Ivanovich Zhilin (Василий Иванович Жилин)(1915–1947) was a Russian soldier of World War II (called, in the Soviet Union, the Great Patriotic War) and a Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Väinö Leskinen

Väinö Olavi Leskinen (8 March 1917, in Helsinki – 8 March 1972, in Helsinki) was a Finnish politician, minister and a member of the parliament from Social Democratic Party of Finland.

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Väinö Myllyrinne

Väinö Myllyrinne (27 February 1909 in Helsinki, Grand Duchy of Finland – 13 April 1963 in Helsinki, Finland) was an acromegalic giant who was at one time (1940?–1963) the world's tallest living person, and may have become the tallest after the death of Robert Wadlow.

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Väinö Tanner

Väinö Tanner (12 March 1881 – 19 April 1966; surname until 1895 Thomasson) was a leading figure in the Social Democratic Party of Finland, and a pioneer and leader in the cooperative movement in Finland.

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Väinö Valve

Väinö Lahja Richard Valve (until 1915 Vähätupa; 28 December 1895 — 11 March 1995) was a Finnish general, navy commander and the last living member of the Royal Prussian Jägerbattalion 27 formed from Finnish volunteers.

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Vecheslav Zagonek

Vecheslav Frantsevich Zagonek (Вячесла́в Фра́нцевич Заго́нек; December 19, 1919, city of Irkutsk, Soviet Russia – June 24, 1994, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation) was a Soviet, Russian painter, People's Artist of the USSR, Member of the Academy of Arts of the USSR, who lived and worked in Leningrad.

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Veshchevo

Veshchevo (Вещево; Heinjoki) is a rural locality on Karelian Isthmus, in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, and a station of the Vyborg–Zhitkovo railroad.

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Vickers 6-Ton

The Vickers 6-Ton Tank or Vickers Mark E was a British light tank designed as a private project at Vickers.

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Victor Gollancz

Sir Victor Gollancz (9 April 1893 – 8 February 1967) was a British publisher and humanitarian.

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Victor Gollancz Ltd

Victor Gollancz Ltd was a major British book publishing house of the twentieth century.

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Viggo Widerøe

Viggo Widerøe (13 August 1904 – 8 January 2002) was a Norwegian aviator and entrepreneur.

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Vihtori Kosola

Iisakki Vihtori Kosola (10 July 1884 – 14 December 1936) was the leader of the Finnish right-wing radical Lapua Movement.

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Viipuri Province

The Viipuri Province (Viipurin lääni, commonly abbreviated Vpl, Viborgs län or Wiborgs län) was a province of Finland from 1812 to 1945.

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Viipurin Reipas

Viipurin Reipas was a Finnish ice hockey team from Vyborg.

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Viking Tamm

Viking Sebastian Henricsson Tamm (21July 1896 – 25November 1975) was a Swedish Army officer.

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Viktor Leselidze

Viktor Nikolaevich Leselidze (Виктор Николаевич Леселидзе, ვიქტორ ლესელიძე, Viktor Leselidze) (January 7, 1907 – June 28, 1944), was a Colonel and Hero of the Soviet Union who distinguished himself during a fatal yet successful melee assault against Finnish forces at the Svir River in World War II.

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Viktor Talalikhin

Viktor Vasilevich Talalikhin (18 September 1918 – 27 October 1941) was a Soviet lieutenant and aviator during the Winter War and World War II and a Hero of the Soviet Union, among the first to perform aerial ramming at night.

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Vilho Petter Nenonen

Vilho Petter Nenonen (6 March 1883 in Kuopio – 17 February 1960) was a Finnish general.

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Vimpeli

Vimpeli (Vindala) is a municipality of Finland.

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Vincas Vitkauskas

Vincas Vitkauskas (4 October 1890 – 3 March 1965) was a Lithuanian general.

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ViPS Viipuri

Viipurin Palloseura (abbreviated as ViPS; 'Viipuri Ball Club') was mainly a bandy club from Vyborg, Russia (which in Finnish is called Viipuri), founded in 1928 when the town belonged to Finland.

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Virginia Cowles

(Harriet) Virginia Spencer Cowles OBE (August 24, 1910 – September 17, 1983) was a noted American journalist, biographer, and travel writer.

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VL Myrsky

VL Myrsky (Storm) was a Finnish World War II fighter, designed by the State Aircraft Factory (Valtion lentokonetehdas) for the Finnish Air Force.

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Vladimir Janjgava

Vladimir (Nikolayevich) Janjgava (ვლადიმერ ჯანჯღავა; May 19, 1907 – April 10, 1982) was an ethnic Georgian Soviet Army Lieutenant General and Hero of the Soviet Union who participated in battles during the Winter War and was a specialist in infantry warfare during World War II. Janigava held command of various infantry regiments, divisions and corps of the Soviet Army.

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Vladimir Kirpichnikov (general)

Vladimir Vasilevich Kirpichnikov (Владимир Васильевич Кирпичников, 7 July 1903 – 10 October 1950) was a Soviet general of the Red Army.

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Vladimir Kryukov (general)

Vladimir Vikotorovich Kryukov (– 16 August 1959) was a Soviet Army lieutenant general and a Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Vladimir Kurdyumov

Vladimir Nikolayevich Kurdyumov (Владимир Николаевич Курдюмов 1 October 1895, Ilmen14 February 1970) was a Soviet Lieutenant General.

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Vladimir Petlyakov

Vladimir Mikhailovich Petlyakov (Влади́мир Миха́йлович Петляко́в) (15 June 1891 – 12 January 1942) was a Soviet aeronautical engineer.

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Vladimir Shalimov

Vladimir Shalimov was a Soviet pilot who was posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union for executing a "fire taran" attack after he intentionally flew his plane into enemy positions on the ground after his aircraft was bombarded by anti-aircraft fire.

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Vladimir Stavsky

Vladimir Petrovich Stavsky (Владимир Петрович Ставский; born Kirpichnikov, Кирпичников; 30 July 1900 – 14 November 1943) was a Soviet Russian writer, editor (in 1937–1941, of Novy Mir) and literary administrator, the head of the Soviet Union of Writers in 1936–1941.

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Vladimir Sudets

Vladimir Alexandrovich Sudets (Владимир Александрович Судец; 23 October 1904 - 6 May 1981) was a Soviet air commander during World War II, commanding the 17th Air Army, and later became Marshal of the aviation after the war.

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VMV-class patrol boat

VMV-class patrol boat (Vartiomoottorivene) was a series of Finnish patrol boats, which served with the Finnish Coast Guard and the Finnish Navy during World War II.

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Voima (1924 icebreaker)

Voima was a Finnish and later Soviet steam-powered icebreaker.

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Volchya River (Vuoksi tributary)

The Volchya River (Saijanjoki (Saejoki, Sadejoki, Suenjoki, Sudenjoki); Волчья) is a long tributary of Vuoksi River on Karelian Isthmus (Leningrad Oblast, Russia) west of the Saint Petersburg-Hiitola railroad (along the section between the stations Vaskelovo and Losevo) and flowing northwards from the Lembolovo Heights.

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Vsevolod Vishnevsky

Vsevolod Vitalievich Vishnevsky (Все́волод Вита́льевич Вишне́вский, – February 28, 1951) was a Soviet dramatist and prose writer.

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Vuoksela

Vuoksela (Vuoksela) is a former rural locality on Karelian Isthmus, in Priozersky District of Leningrad Oblast, located on the western shore of the northern armlet of Vuoksi River.

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Vuoksi River

The Vuoksi (Вуокса; Vuoksi; Vuoksen) is a river running through the northernmost part of the Karelian Isthmus from Lake Saimaa in southeastern Finland to Lake Ladoga in northwestern Russia.

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Vyacheslav Molotov

Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov (né Skryabin; 9 March 1890 – 8 November 1986) was a Soviet politician and diplomat, an Old Bolshevik, and a leading figure in the Soviet government from the 1920s, when he rose to power as a protégé of Joseph Stalin.

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Vyborg

Vyborg (p; Viipuri,; Viborg; Wiborg; Viiburi) is a town in, and the administrative center of, Vyborgsky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia.

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Vyborg Cathedral

Vyborg Cathedral was a Lutheran church in Vyborg, present day Russia, at the time Grand Duchy of Finland and later in independent Finland.

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Vyborg Synagogue

Vyborg Synagogue was the synagogue of the Jewish community in Vyborg.

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Vyborg–Joensuu railroad

The old Karelian railroad (Karjalan rata) between Viipuri (Viborg) and Joensuu is a railway with broad gauge, which used to link Joensuu, Sortavala, Hiitola, Antrea (now Kamennogorsk) and Viipuri (Vyborg).

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Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive

The Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive or Karelian offensive was a strategic operation by the Soviet Leningrad and Karelian Fronts against Finland on the Karelian Isthmus and East Karelia fronts of the Continuation War, on the Eastern Front of World War II.

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Vyborgsky District, Leningrad Oblast

Vyborgsky District (Вы́боргский райо́н) is an administrativeOblast Law #32-oz and municipalLaw #17-oz district (raion), one of the seventeen in Leningrad Oblast, Russia.

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Vysotsk

Vysotsk (Высо́цк; Uuras; Trångsund) is a coastal town and a seaport in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Karelian Isthmus, on the eastern shore of the Vyborg Bay, southwest of Vyborg and northwest of St. Petersburg.

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Waco Custom Cabin series

The Waco Custom Cabins were a series of up-market single-engined four-to-five-seat cabin sesquiplanes of the late 1930s produced by the Waco Aircraft Company of the United States.

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Walter Citrine, 1st Baron Citrine

Walter McLennan Citrine, 1st Baron Citrine of Wembley, (22 August 1887 – 22 January 1983) was one of the leading British and international trade unionists of the twentieth century and a notable public figure.

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War children

War children are those born to a native parent and a parent belonging to a foreign military force (usually an occupying force, but also military personnel stationed at military bases on foreign soil).

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War-responsibility trials in Finland

The war-responsibility trials in Finland (Sotasyyllisyysoikeudenkäynti, Krigsansvarighetsprocessen) were trials of the Finnish wartime leaders held responsible for "definitely influencing Finland in getting into a war with the Soviet Union and United Kingdom in 1941 or preventing peace" during the Continuation War, 1941–1944.

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Webb Miller (journalist)

Webb Miller (February 10, 1891 – May 7, 1940) was an American journalist and war correspondent.

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Well poisoning

Well-poisoning is the act of malicious manipulation of potable water resources in order to cause illness or death, or to deny an opponent access to fresh water resources.

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Welles Declaration

The Welles Declaration was a diplomatic statement issued on July 23, 1940 by Sumner Welles, the United States' acting Secretary of State, condemning the June 1940 occupation by the Soviet Union of the three Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, and refusing to recognize their annexation as Soviet Republics.

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Werner Söderhjelm

Jarl Werner Söderhjelm (26 July 1859 – 16 January 1931) was a Finnish-Swedish linguist, researcher of literary history and diplomat.

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When It's Lamp Lighting Time in the Valley

When It's Lamp Lighting Time in the Valley is a 1933 country ballad to a waltz melody with words and music by Joe Lyons, Sam C. Hart and The Vagabonds, Curt Poulton, Harold Goodman, and Dean Upson.

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White (political adjective)

White or White- (белый, бело-), was a political term used as an adjective, noun or a prefix by Bolsheviks to designate their real and alleged enemies of all sorts, by analogy with the White Army.

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White Guard (Finland)

The White Guard or Civil Guard (lit. protection corps) was a voluntary militia that emerged victorious over the socialist Red Guard as a part of the Whites in the Finnish Civil War of 1918.

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White Sea–Baltic Canal

The White Sea–Baltic Canal (Беломо́рско–Балти́йский кана́л, Byelomorsko–Baltiyskiy kanal, BBK), often abbreviated to White Sea Canal (Belomorkanal) is a ship canal in Russia opened on 2 August 1933.

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Why We Fight

Why We Fight is a series of seven propaganda films commissioned by the United States government during World War II to justify to U.S. soldiers their country's involvement in the war.

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Wilhelm von Tangen Hansteen

Wilhelm von Tangen Hansteen (11 May 1896 – 6 September 1980) was a Norwegian Army officer.

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Wilhelm Wahlforss

Emil Wilhelm Wahlforss (25 June 1891 – 20 June 1969) was a Finnish engineer, industrialist and vuorineuvos.

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Wiljo Tuompo

Viljo (Wiljo) Einar Tuompo (23 September 1893 in Pornainen – 1957) was a Finnish Lieutenant General during World War II.

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William Boyle, 12th Earl of Cork and Orrery

Admiral of the Fleet William Henry Dudley Boyle, 12th Earl of Cork, 12th Earl of Orrery, (30 November 1873 – 19 April 1967) was a Royal Navy officer.

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William Fox (actor)

William Hubert Fox TD (26 January 1911 – 20 September 2008) was a British character actor and writer.

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William R. Trotter

William R. (Bill) Trotter (July 15, 1943 - February 28, 2018) was an American author and historian.

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Winston Burdett

Winston Burdett (December 12, 1913 – May 19, 1993) was an American broadcast journalist and correspondent for the CBS Radio Network during World War II and later for CBS television news.

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Winston Churchill

Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British politician, army officer, and writer, who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955.

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Winter

Winter is the coldest season of the year in polar and temperate zones (winter does not occur in the tropical zone).

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Winter Offensive

Winter Offensive could refer to several different offensives.

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Winter War (disambiguation)

Winter War was the war between Finland and the Soviet Union.

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Winter War in popular culture

The influence of the Winter War in popular culture has been deep and wide, both in Finnish culture and worldwide.

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Wm. Crichton & Co.

W:m Crichton & C:o Ab is a former engineering and shipbuilding company that operated in Turku, Grand Duchy of Finland in 1842–1913.

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Workers Party (United States)

The Workers Party (WP) was a Third Camp Trotskyist group in the United States.

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World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

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World War II by country

Nearly every country in the world participated in World War II, with the exception of a few countries that remained neutral.

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World War II casualties

World War II was the deadliest military conflict in history in absolute terms of total casualties.

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World War II casualties of the Soviet Union

World War II fatalities of the Soviet Union from all related causes numbered more than 20,000,000, both civilian and military, although the exact figures are disputed.

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World War II evacuation and expulsion

Mass evacuation, forced displacement, expulsion, and deportation of millions of people took place across most countries involved in World War II.

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Wrzesień żagwiący

Wrzesień żagwiący (English: Scorching September) is a 1947 book of literary reportage written by the Polish historian and political journalist Melchior Wańkowicz.

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Yashino, Leningrad Oblast

Yashino (Vahviala) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Karelian Isthmus.

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Yekaterina Zelenko

Yekaterina Ivanovna Zelenko (September 14, 1916 – September 12, 1941) was a Soviet Ukrainian war pilot.

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Yevgeni Ivanovski

Army General Yevgeni F. Ivanovski (March 7, 1918 - September 22, 1991) served in numerous high commands following the Second World War, including the command of the Moscow Military District from 1968 to 1972, command of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany from 20.

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Yevgeny Petrovich Fyodorov

Yevgeny Petrovich Fyodorov (Russian: Евгений Петрович Фёдоров; 28 December 1911 – 15 July 1993) was a Soviet Air Force major general and double Hero of the Soviet Union.

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Yrjö Leino

Yrjö Kaarlo Leino (28 January 1897, Helsinki, Finland – 28 June 1961, Helsinki) was a Finnish communist politician.

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Yrjö Vesa

Yrjö Waldemar Vesa (12 April 1898 — 4 December 1967) was a Finnish engineer, businessman and vuorineuvos.

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Yuri Nikulin

Yuri Vladimirovich Nikulin (Юрий Владимирович Никулин; 18 December 1921 – 21 August 1997) was a well-known Soviet and Russian actor and clown who starred in many popular films.

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Zaporozhskoye

Zaporozhskoye (Запоро́жское; Metsäpirtti) is a settlement on Karelian Isthmus, in Priozersky District of Leningrad Oblast.

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Zelenogorsk, Saint Petersburg

Zelenogorsk (Зеленого́рск; before 1948 Terijoki, a name still used in Finnish and Swedish), is a municipal town in Kurortny District of the federal city of St. Petersburg, Russia, located in part of the Karelian Isthmus on the shore of the Gulf of Finland.

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Zhurahon Rahmonberdievich Rahmonov

Zhurahon Rahmonberdievich Rahmonov (Журахон Рахмонбердиевич Рахмонов) (1917–77) was the founder of the theater named after Babur Osh, Kyrgyz Soviet film and theater actor.

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Zinoviy Kolobanov

Zinoviy Grigor'evich Kolobanov (Зиновий Григорьевич Колобанов) (1910–1994) was a tank commander and veteran of the German-Soviet War.

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ZIS-5 (truck)

The ZIS-5 (ЗиС-5) was a 4x2 Soviet truck produced by Moscow ZIS factory from 1932 to 1958 (first one made at the end of 1930).

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Zoya Voskresenskaya

Zoya Ivanovna Voskresenskaya (Зоя Ивановна Воскресенская; in marriage – Rybkina, Рыбкина; April 28, 1907, Uzlovaya, Tula Governorate, – January 8, 1992, Moscow, Russian Federation) was a Soviet diplomat, NKVD foreign office secret agent and, in the 1960s and 70s, a popular author of books for children.

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.55 Boys

The.55 Boys (13.9×99mmB in metric) is an anti-tank cartridge used by the United Kingdom in World War II.

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10.5 cm kanon m/34

The 10.5 cm kanon m/34 was a heavy field gun produced in Sweden.

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100th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)

The 100th Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Soviet Union's Red Army during World War II, formed twice.

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102mm 60 caliber Pattern 1911

The 102mm 60 caliber Pattern 1911 was a Russian naval gun developed in the years before World War I that armed a variety of warships of the Imperial Russian Navy during World War I. Pattern 1911 guns found a second life on river gunboats and armored trains during the Russian Civil War and as coastal artillery during World War II.

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107 mm gun M1910

107-mm gun model 1910 (107-мм пушка образца 1910 года) was a Russian field gun developed in the years before the First World War.

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107 mm gun M1910/30

107 mm gun M1910/30 (translit > "Cannon Model of 1910 / year of 1930") was a Soviet 106.7 mm field gun.

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10th Rifle Corps

The 10th Rifle Corps (Military Unit Number 16058 until June 1956) was an infantry corps of the Red Army, which later became the 10th Army Corps after the Second World War.

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10th Special Forces Group (United States)

The 10th Special Forces Group (Airborne) (10th SFG(A) or 10th Group) is an active duty United States Army Special Forces (SF) Group.

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10th Tank Corps

The 10th Tank Corps was a Soviet tank corps of the Red Army, formed twice.

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11th Rifle Division

The 11th Rifle Division (11 RD) was a military formation (Infantry Division) of the Soviet Union's Red Army.

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12.7×108mm

The 12.7×108mm cartridge is a heavy machine gun and anti-materiel rifle cartridge used by the former Soviet Union, the former Warsaw Pact, modern Russia, and other countries.

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120 mm 50 caliber Pattern 1905

The 120 mm 50 caliber Pattern 1905 was a Russian naval gun developed by Vickers for export in the years before World War I that armed a variety of warships of the Imperial Russian Navy.

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120mm 45 caliber Pattern 1892

The 120mm 45 caliber Pattern 1892 was a Russian naval gun developed in the years before the Russo-Japanese War that armed a variety of warships of the Imperial Russian Navy during the Russo-Japanese War and World War I. Guns salvaged from scrapped ships found a second life on river gunboats of the Soviet Navy during the Russian Civil War and as coastal artillery and railway artillery during World War II.

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122 mm gun M1931 (A-19)

122 mm corps gun M1931 (A-19) (122-мм корпусная пушка обр.) was a Soviet field gun, developed in the late 1920s and early 1930s.

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122 mm gun M1931/37 (A-19)

122 mm corps gun M1931/37 (A-19) (122-мм корпусная пушка обр.) was a Soviet field gun developed in late 1930s by combining the barrel of the 122 mm gun M1931 (A-19) and the carriage of the 152 mm howitzer-gun M1937 (ML-20).

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122 mm howitzer M1909

The 122 mm howitzer M1909 (122-мм гаубица обр.) was a Russian Empire 121.92 mm (4.8 inch) howitzer used throughout World War I. Following the defeats of the Russo-Japanese War, Russia sought to modernize some of its equipment, which included the purchase of foreign designed artillery.

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122 mm howitzer M1909/37

122 mm howitzer M1909/37 (122-мм гаубица обр.) was a Soviet 121.92 mm (4.8 inch) howitzer, a modernization of World War I era 122 mm howitzer M1909.

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122 mm howitzer M1910

122 mm howitzer M1910 (122-мм гаубица обр.) was a Russian Empire 121.92 mm (4.8 inch) field howitzer used throughout World War I in large numbers.

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122 mm howitzer M1910/30

122 mm howitzer M1910/30 (122-мм гаубица обр.) was a Soviet 121.92 mm (4.8 inch) howitzer, a modernization of World War I era 122 mm howitzer M1910.

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130 mm/50 B13 Pattern 1936

The 130 mm/50 B13 Pattern 1936 was a 50 caliber Soviet Union naval gun.

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138th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)

The 138th Rifle Division began service as a standard Red Army rifle division, was converted to serve for two years as a mountain rifle division, then back to a rifle division. The division played a leading role in defending the Barricades ordnance factory in the Battle of Stalingrad, for which it was raised to Guards status as the 70th Guards Rifle Division. A new 138th was raised a few months later and fought through Ukraine and the Carpathian Mountains of Czechoslovakia from August 1943 to May 1945.

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1391 Carelia

1391 Carelia, provisional designation, is a stony asteroid from the middle regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 11 kilometers in diameter.

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139th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)

The 139th Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Red Army, formed three times during World War II, in 1939 and twice in 1941.

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13th Army (Soviet Union)

The 13th Army (Russian: 13-я армия 13-ya armiya) was a name given to several field armies of the Soviet Union's Red Army, first created during the Russian Civil War.

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13th Guards Rifle Division

The 13th Guards Rifle Division (Russian: 13-я Полтавская дважды Краснознаменная гвардейская стрелковая дивизия) was a Soviet Union Red Army infantry division that served with distinction during the Second World War.

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142nd Rifle Division (Soviet Union)

The 142nd Rifle Division began service in August, 1939 as a standard Red Army rifle division, which participated in the Winter War against Finland.

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14th Army (Soviet Union)

The 14th Army was a field army of the Soviet Army, formed twice.

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14th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)

The 14th Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Red Army, formed twice.

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15 cm schwere Feldhaubitze M. 15

The 15 cm schwere Feldhaubitze M. 15 was a heavy howitzer used by Austria-Hungary in World War I. Austrian and Czech guns were taken into Wehrmacht service after the Anschluss and the occupation of Czechoslovakia as the 15 cm schwere Feldhaubitze 15(t) or (ö).

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152 mm 45 caliber Pattern 1892

The 152mm 45 caliber Pattern 1892 was a Russian naval gun developed in the years before the Russo-Japanese War that armed a variety of warships of the Imperial Russian Navy during the Russo-Japanese War and World War I. Guns salvaged from scrapped ships found a second life on river gunboats of the Soviet Navy during the Russian Civil War and as coastal artillery and railway artillery during World War II.

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152 mm gun M1935 (Br-2)

152 mm gun M1935 (Br-2) (152-мм пушка обр.) was a Soviet 152.4 mm heavy gun, produced in limited numbers by the Barrikady Plant in Stalingrad in the late 1930s.

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152 mm howitzer M1909/30

152 mm howitzer M1909/30 (152-мм гаубица обр.) was a Soviet 152.4 mm (6 inch) howitzer, a modernization of the 152 mm howitzer M1909, initially designed by Schneider.

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152 mm howitzer M1910

The 152 mm howitzer Model 1910 Schneider or, more properly, 6 dm polevaja gaubitsa sistemy Schneidera as it was designated in Tsarist times, was a French howitzer designed by Schneider et Cie.

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152 mm howitzer-gun M1937 (ML-20)

The 152 mm howitzer-gun M1937 (ML-20) (152-мм гаубица-пушка обр.), is a Soviet heavy gun-howitzer.

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15th Army (Soviet Union)

The 15th Army was a field army of the Soviet Red Army during the Second World War.

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161st Mechanised Brigade (Ukraine)

The 161st Stanislawska Red Banner Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky Mechanised Brigade was a brigade of the Ukrainian Ground Forces, which traced its history to the creation of the 161st Rifle Division of the Red Army in 1940.

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169th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)

The 169th Infantry Division (169.) was a German military unit during World War II.

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177th Fighter Aviation Regiment PVO

The 177th Fighter Aviation Regiment PVO ((177 IAP); Military Unit Number 10232) was a fighter regiment of the Soviet Air Defense Forces (PVO) during World War II and the Cold War, later becoming part of the Russian Air Defense Forces and finally the Russian Air Force.

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17th Rifle Division

The 17th Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Soviet Union's Red Army during World War II.

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18th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)

The 18th Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Soviet Union's Red Army during the Russian Civil War, Polish–Soviet War, Winter War and World War II.

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1928 Summa

1928 Summa, provisional designation, is a stony asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 9 kilometers in diameter.

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1929 Kollaa

1929 Kollaa, provisional designation, is a stony Vestian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 7 kilometers in diameter.

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1939

This year also marks the start of the Second World War, the largest and deadliest conflict in human history.

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1939 in aviation

This is a list of aviation-related events from 1939.

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1939 Mestaruussarja – Finnish League Championship

The 1939 season was the tenth completed season of Finnish Football League Championship, known as the Mestaruussarja.

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1939–40 SM-sarja season

The 1939-1940 SM-sarja season did not take place because of the Winter War, which made playing ice hockey impossible.

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1940

Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.

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1940 in aviation

This is a list of aviation-related events from 1940.

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1940 Soviet ultimatum to Lithuania

The Soviet Union issued an ultimatum to Lithuania before midnight of June 14, 1940.

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1940 Summer Olympics

The 1940 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XII Olympiad, were originally scheduled to be held from September 21 to October 6, 1940, in Tokyo, Japan.

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1940–44 insurgency in Chechnya

The 1940–44 insurgency in Chechnya was an autonomous revolt against the Soviet authorities in the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.

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1941 in aviation

This is a list of aviation-related events from 1941.

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1948 Winter Olympics

The 1948 Winter Olympics, officially known as the V Olympic Winter Games (Les Ves Jeux olympiques d'hiver; Olympische Winterspiele 1948; V Giochi olimpici invernali; Gieus olimpics d'enviern 1948), was a winter multi-sport event celebrated in 1948 in St. Moritz, Switzerland.

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1st Army Corps (Soviet Union)

The 1st Army Corps was an army corps of the Soviet Armed Forces.

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20 ITK 40 VKT

20 ItK 40 VKT or 20 mm dual anti-aircraft cannon model 1940 manufactured by VKT was a Finnish light anti-aircraft gun designed by the Finnish gunsmith Aimo Lahti.

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203 mm 50 caliber Pattern 1905

The 203 mm 50 caliber Pattern 1905 was a Russian naval gun developed by Vickers for export in the years before World War I that armed a variety of warships of the Imperial Russian Navy.

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20th-century events

The 20th-century events include many notable events which occurred throughout the 20th century, which began on January 1, 1901, and ended on December 31, 2000, according to the Gregorian calendar.

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21 cm Mörser 16

The 21 cm Mörser 16 (21 cm Mrs 16), or 21 cm Lange Mörser M 16/L14.5, was a heavy howitzer used by Germany in World War I and World War II (although classified as a mortar (Mörser) by the German military).

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24th Cavalry Division (Soviet Union)

The 24th Cavalry Division was a prewar division assigned to the Transcaucasus Military District on 22 June 1941.

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24th Mechanized Brigade (Ukraine)

The 24th Mechanized Brigade is a mechanized brigade of the Ukrainian Ground Forces, based at Yavoriv in the west of Ukraine.

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25 mm Hotchkiss anti-tank gun

The 25 mm Hotchkiss anti-tank gun was a French anti-tank gun that saw service in the first years of the Second World War.

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280 mm mortar M1939 (Br-5)

The 280 mm mortar M1939 (Br-5) (280-мм мортира образца 1939 года (Бр-5)) was a Soviet heavy artillery piece used during World War II, it was the Red Army´s heaviest field piece during the war.

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2nd Division (Norway)

During the early part of the Norwegian Campaign of the Second World War, the Norwegian 2nd Division (2.), commanded by General Jacob Hvinden Haug, was responsible for defending Eastern Norway against Nazi Germany.

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324th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)

The 324th Rifle Division was a standard Soviet infantry division of the Red Army during World War II.

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37mm Spade Mortar

The 37mm Spade Mortar was a Soviet 37 mm light infantry mortar used in the Second World War.

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37th Rifle Division

The 37th Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Soviet Union's Red Army during World War II.

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3rd Rifle Corps

The 3rd Rifle Corps was a corps of the Soviet Red Army which saw service in World War II and in the 1950s.

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42-line field gun M1877

42-line battery field gun M1877 (42-линейная батарейная полевая пушка образца 1877 года) was a field gun used by the Russian Imperial Army in late 19th and early 20th centuries.

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42nd Rifle Division (Soviet Union)

The 42nd Rifle Division was a unit of the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War.

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43rd Rifle Division (Soviet Union)

The 43rd Rifle Division was a formation of the Red Army, which took part in the Second World War, known to the Soviets as the "Great Patriotic War".

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44th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)

The 44th Kievskaya of the Red Banner Rifle Division of Nikolay Shchors, or 44th Kievskaya for short, was an elite military formation of the Soviet Union.

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49th (West Riding) Infantry Division

The 49th (West Riding) Infantry Division was an infantry division of the British Army.

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49th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)

The 49th Rifle Division was a Soviet Army infantry division, formed three times.

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4th Airborne Corps (Soviet Union)

The 4th Airborne Corps was an airborne corps of the Red Army in World War II.

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4th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)

The 4th Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Soviet Union's Red Army, formed three times.

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502nd Infantry Regiment (United States)

The 502nd Infantry Regiment (502nd INF), previously titled the 502nd Parachute Infantry Regiment (502nd PIR), is an airborne infantry regiment of the United States Army.

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50th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)

The 50th Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Red Army from 1936 to 1946.

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51st Rifle Division (Soviet Union)

The 51st Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Soviet Army, formed twice.

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52nd Rifle Division

The 52nd Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War, the interwar period, World War II, and the Cold War, formed once during the Russian Civil War and three times during the existence of the Soviet Union.

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54th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)

The 54th Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Soviet Union's Red Army and Soviet Army, formed twice.

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57 mm anti-tank gun M1943 (ZiS-2)

The ZiS-2 (ЗиС-2) was a Soviet 57-mm anti-tank gun used during World War II.

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5th SS Panzer Division Wiking

The 5th SS Panzer Division "Wiking" (5. SS-Panzerdivision "Wiking".) was a Panzer division among the thirty eight Waffen-SS divisions of Nazi Germany.

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6 inch 35 caliber naval gun 1877

6 inch 35 caliber naval gun 1877 was a 152 mm naval gun used by Russian Empire.

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6-inch siege gun M1904

6-inch siege gun model 1904 (6-дюймовая осадная пушка образца 1904 года) was a Russian 152.4 mm heavy siege gun.

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61st Infantry Regiment (Finland)

The Finnish 61st Infantry Regiment (IR61) was a combat regiment of the 17th division of the Finnish Army during the Second World War, consisting almost exclusively of Swedish speaking Finns.

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62nd Rifle Division (Soviet Union)

The 62nd Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Soviet Union's Red Army, formed four times and active during World War II and the postwar period.

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7,62 ITKK 31 VKT

7,62 ITKK 31 VKT or 7,62 mm VKT anti-aircraft machine gun was the primary anti-aircraft machine gun of the Finnish Army during World War II.

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7.62×54mmR

The 7.62×54mmR is a rimmed rifle cartridge developed by the Russian Empire and introduced as a service cartridge in 1891.

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7.63×25mm Mauser

The 7.63×25mm Mauser (.30 Mauser Automatic) round was the original cartridge for the Mauser C96 service pistol.

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70th Rifle Division

The 70th Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Red Army and briefly of the Soviet Army, formed twice.

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75 mm Gun M1917

The 75 mm Gun Model of 1917 (British) was an interim measure, based on the British QF 18 pounder, produced by the United States in World War I after it had decided to switch from to 75 mm calibre for its field guns.

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75mm 50 caliber Pattern 1892

The 75mm 50 caliber Pattern 1892 was a Russian naval gun developed in the years before the Russo-Japanese War that armed the majority of warships of the Imperial Russian Navy during the Russo-Japanese War and World War I. The majority of ships built or refit between 1890-1922 carried Pattern 1892 guns.

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76 mm air defense gun M1931

The 76 mm air defense gun M1931 (76-мм зенитная пушка обр.) was a anti-aircraft gun used by the Soviet Union during the Winter War and the first stages of World War II.

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76 mm air-defense gun M1914/15

The 76-mm air-defense gun M1914/15 (3" зенитная пушка обр.) was the first Russian purpose built anti-aircraft gun.

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76 mm divisional gun M1933

The 76-mm divisional gun M1933 was a Soviet divisional field gun, which was adopted in limited numbers by the Red Army in 1933.

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76 mm divisional gun M1936 (F-22)

The 76-mm divisional gun M1936 (F-22) was a Soviet divisional semi-universal gun, adopted for Red Army service in 1936.

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76 mm divisional gun M1939 (USV)

The 76-mm divisional gun M1939 (F-22 USV or USV) (Russian: 76-мм дивизионная пушка обр. 1939 г. (Ф-22 УСВ or УСВ)) was a 76.2 mm cannon produced in the Soviet Union.

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76 mm regimental gun M1927

The 76 mm regimental gun M1927 (76-мм полковая пушка обр.) was a Soviet infantry support gun.

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7th Army (Soviet Union)

The Soviet Red Army's 7th Army first saw action in the 1939–40 Winter War against Finland.

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7th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)

The 7th Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Soviet Union's Red Army, formed twice.

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86th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)

The 86th Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Soviet Union's Red Army during the interwar period, World War II, and the early postwar period, formed twice.

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8th Army (Soviet Union)

The 8th Army was a field army of the Soviet Red Army during the Second World War.

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8th Rifle Division

The 8th Rifle Division was a military formation of the Soviet Union's Red Army in the Winter War, the Soviet invasion of Poland, and World War II.

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91st Rifle Division

The 91st Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Red Army and Soviet Army, formed twice.

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95th Rifle Division

The 95th Rifle Division (Russian: 95-я стрелковая дивизия 95-y strelkovaya diviziya) was a Red Army Rifle Division during World War II, formed thrice.

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98th Guards Airborne Division

The 98th Guards Airborne Division is an airborne division of the Russian Airborne Troops, stationed in Ivanovo.

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9th Army (Soviet Union)

The 9th Army of the Soviet Union's Red Army was a Soviet field army, active from 1939 – 43.

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Redirects here:

Finland vs Russia, Finland vs russia, Finland vs ussr, Finnish Winter War, Finnish-Russian War, Finno-Russian Winter War, Invasion of Finland, Russian winter war, Russo finnish war, Russo-Finnish War, Russo-Finnish Winter War, Russo-Finnish war, Russo-Finno War, Soviet invasion of Finland, Soviet war in Finland, Soviet-Finnish War, Soviet-Finnish War (1939-1940), Soviet-Finnish War (1939–1940), Soviet-Finnish war, The Winter War, Winter war, Winterwar.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winter_War