Communication

306 relations: Acre, Alba County, Albania, Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe, Andrássy út, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Armenia, Auschwitz concentration camp, Azerbaijan, Český Krumlov, Świdnica, Žďár nad Sázavou, Žilina Region, Baltic states, Banská Štiavnica, Banská Štiavnica District, Banská Bystrica Region, Baranya County, Bardejov, Bardejov District, Břeclav District, Belarus, Bernardo Morando, Białowieża Forest, Biertan, Biertan fortified church, Blagoevgrad Province, Bochnia Salt Mine, Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County, Boyana, Boyana Church, Brașov County, Brandenburg, Brick, Brick Gothic, Brno, Buda Castle, Budapest, Bukovina, Bulgaria, Burgas Province, Burgenland, Calvary, Castle, Catholic religious order, Caucasus, Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst, Centennial Hall, Central Bohemian Region, Chełm, ..., Chernivtsi, Chernivtsi Oblast, Chersonesus, Church of the Assumption of Our Lady and Saint John the Baptist, Churches of Moldavia, Churches of Peace, Crusades, Cultural heritage, Curonian Spit, Czech Republic, Dacian Fortresses of the Orăștie Mountains, Dagestan, Danube, Danube Delta, Defensive wall, Derbent, Dobšinská Ice Cave, Dobruja, Duke of Masovia, East Germany, Eastern Bloc, Eastern Europe, Evangelism, Extermination camp, Fagus sylvatica, Ferapontov Monastery, Fortification, Georgia (country), Germans, Germany, Gothic architecture, Gothic architecture in modern Poland, Grodno Region, Győr-Moson-Sopron County, Hajdú-Bihar County, Hanseatic League, Harghita County, Hectare, Hesse, Heves County, Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments, Historic Centre of Sighișoara, Historic Monuments of Novgorod and Surroundings, Holašovice, Hollókő, Holy Trinity Column, Olomouc, Horezu, Horezu Monastery, Hortobágy National Park, Hunedoara County, Hungary, Indiana University Press, Ivan the Terrible, Ivanovo, Ruse Province, Jan Zamoyski, Jankov (České Budějovice District), Jawor, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County, Jewish Quarter and St Procopius' Basilica in Třebíč, Kaliningrad Oblast, Kalwaria Zebrzydowska, Kalwaria Zebrzydowska park, Karelichy, Kazakhstan, Kazan, Kazan Kremlin, Kazanlak, Khanate of Kazan, Kiev, Kiev Pechersk Lavra, Kizhi Pogost, Klaipėda County, Klaipėda District Municipality, Košice Region, Kolomenskoye, Komi Republic, Kraków, Kraków Old Town, Krasnodar Krai, Kroměříž, Kroměříž Castle, Kutná Hora, Kutná Hora District, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Kyustendil Province, Lake Neusiedl, Lednice–Valtice Cultural Landscape, Lesser Poland, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Levoča, Spiš Castle and the associated cultural monuments, Line 1 (Budapest Metro), List of oldest companies, List of World Heritage in Danger, List of World Heritage Sites in Northern and Central Asia, List of World Heritage Sites in Northern Europe, List of World Heritage Sites in Southern Europe, List of World Heritage Sites in Western Asia, List of World Heritage Sites in Western Europe, Lithuania, Litomyšl Castle, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Lublin Voivodeship, Lubusz Voivodeship, Lutheranism, Lviv, Lviv Oblast, Madara (village), Madara Rider, Malbork, Malbork Castle, Mannerism, Maramureș, Mary, mother of Jesus, Masovian Voivodeship, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Medieval Town of Toruń, Medvezhyegorsky District, Metropolitan area, Middle Ages, Mikołaj Zebrzydowski, Mining, Minsk Region, Mir Castle Complex, Moldavia, Moldova, Monowitz concentration camp, Montane ecosystems, Moscow, Moscow Kremlin, Moscow Oblast, Mureș County, Muskau Park, Natural heritage, Nazi concentration camps, Nazi Germany, Nógrád County, Neringa Municipality, Nesebar, Nesvizh Castle, Northern Hungary, Novgorod Oblast, Novodevichy Convent, Nyasvizh, Oświęcim County, Old City (Zamość), Old Town (Lviv), Olomouc, Olomouc Region, Ordensburg, Pannonhalma, Pannonhalma Archabbey, Pardubice Region, Pécs, Peace of Westphalia, Pilgrimage Church of Saint John of Nepomuk, Pirin, Pirin National Park, Podkarpackie Voivodeship, Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland, Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany, Polychrome, Pomeranian Voivodeship, Prague, Prešov Region, Razgrad Province, Red Square, Republic of Karelia, Residence of Bukovinian and Dalmatian Metropolitans, Rila, Rila Monastery, Rožňava District, Rock-hewn Churches of Ivanovo, Romania, Royal Castle, Warsaw, Ružomberok District, Ruse Province, Russia, Saint Petersburg, Saint Sophia's Cathedral, Kiev, Salt, Salt mining, Saxony, Sergiyev Posad, Shumen Province, Sibiu County, Sighișoara, Sigismund III Vasa, Silesia, Silistra Province, Silk Road, Slovakia, Sofia, Solovetsky Islands, South Bohemian Region, South Moravian Region, Sovereign state, Spišská Nová Ves District, Srebarna Nature Reserve, St. Barbara's Church, Kutná Hora, Stara Zagora Province, Struve Geodetic Arc, Suceava County, Sucevița Monastery, Suzdal, Sviyaga River, Sviyazhsk, Tatarstan, Třebíč, Telč, Teutonic Order, Thracian Tomb of Kazanlak, Thracian Tomb of Sveshtari, Thuringia, Tokaj wine region, Transylvania, Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius, Tulcea County, Ukraine, UNESCO, United Nations Statistics Division, Vâlcea County, Veliky Novgorod, Villa Tugendhat, Villages with fortified churches in Transylvania, Virgin Komi Forests, Vladimir Oblast, Vladimir, Russia, Vlkolínec, Volga River, Volga trade route, Vologda Oblast, Vysočina Region, Wallachia, Warsaw, Warsaw New Town, Warsaw Old Town, Washington, D.C., Western Caucasus, White Monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal, Wieliczka, Wieliczka Salt Mine, Wooden churches of Maramureș, Wooden churches of Southern Lesser Poland, Wooden churches of the Slovak Carpathians, Wooden tserkvas of the Carpathian region in Poland and Ukraine, World Heritage Committee, World Heritage site, World War II, Wrocław, Yaroslavl, Yaroslavl Oblast, Yugoslavia, Zakarpattia Oblast, Zelenogradsky District, Zlín Region. 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Acre

The acre is a unit of land area used in the imperial and US customary systems.

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Alba County

Alba is a county (județ) of Romania, in Transylvania, its capital city being Alba-Iulia with a population of 63,536.

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Albania

Albania (Shqipëri/Shqipëria; Shqipni/Shqipnia or Shqypni/Shqypnia), officially the Republic of Albania (Republika e Shqipërisë), is a country in Southeastern Europe.

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Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe

Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe is a transnational composite nature UNESCO World Heritage Site, encompassing forests in 12 countries of Europe.

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Andrássy út

Andrássy Avenue (Andrássy út) is a boulevard in Budapest, Hungary, dating back to 1872.

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Arkhangelsk Oblast

Arkhangelsk Oblast (Арха́нгельская о́бласть, Arkhangelskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Armenia

Armenia (translit), officially the Republic of Armenia (translit), is a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia.

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Auschwitz concentration camp

Auschwitz concentration camp was a network of concentration and extermination camps built and operated by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland during World War II.

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Azerbaijan

No description.

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Český Krumlov

Český Krumlov (Krumau or Böhmisch Krumau), is a town in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic.

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Świdnica

Świdnica (Schweidnitz; Svídnice) is a city in southwestern Poland in the region of Silesia.

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Žďár nad Sázavou

Žďár nad Sázavou (Saar) is a city in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic.

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Žilina Region

The Žilina Region (Žilinský kraj; Kraj żyliński) is one of the eight Slovak administrative regions and consists of 11 districts (okresy) and 315 municipalities, from which 18 have a town status.

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Baltic states

The Baltic states, also known as the Baltic countries, Baltic republics, Baltic nations or simply the Baltics (Balti riigid, Baltimaad, Baltijas valstis, Baltijos valstybės), is a geopolitical term used for grouping the three sovereign countries in Northern Europe on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea: Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania.

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Banská Štiavnica

Banská Štiavnica (Schemnitz; Selmecbánya (Selmec)) is a town in central Slovakia, in the middle of an immense caldera created by the collapse of an ancient volcano.

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Banská Štiavnica District

Banská Štiavnica District (okres Banská Štiavnica) is a district in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia.

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Banská Bystrica Region

The Banská Bystrica Region (Banskobystrický kraj,; Besztercebányai kerület) is one of the eight regions of Slovakia.

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Baranya County

Baranya (Baranya megye); is the name of an administrative county (comitatus or megye) in Hungary, in the Baranya region, and also in the former Kingdom of Hungary (see: Baranya (former county)).

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Bardejov

Bardejov (Bartfeld, Bártfa, Бардеёв, Бардіїв, Bardejów) is a town in North-Eastern Slovakia.

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Bardejov District

Bardejov District (okres Bardejov, Bártfai járás) is a district in the Prešov Region of eastern Slovakia.

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Břeclav District

Břeclav District (Okres Břeclav in Czech) is one of seven districts (okres) within South Moravian Region (Jihomoravský kraj) of the Czech Republic.

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Belarus

Belarus (Беларусь, Biełaruś,; Беларусь, Belarus'), officially the Republic of Belarus (Рэспубліка Беларусь; Республика Беларусь), formerly known by its Russian name Byelorussia or Belorussia (Белоруссия, Byelorussiya), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe bordered by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest.

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Bernardo Morando

Bernardo Morando, also known as Bernardino or Morandi (ca. 1540 - 1600) was an Italian architect from the Republic of Venice.

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Białowieża Forest

Białowieża Forest (Белавежская пушча, Biełaviežskaja Pušča; Baltvyžio giria; Puszcza Białowieska) is one of the last and largest remaining parts of the immense primeval forest that once stretched across the European Plain.

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Biertan

Biertan (Birthälm, Biyertan, Berethalom) is a commune in central Romania, in the north of the Sibiu County, 80 km north of Sibiu and 29 km east of Mediaş.

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Biertan fortified church

The Biertan fortified church (Biserica fortificată din Biertan; Kirchenburg von Birthälm) is a Lutheran fortified church in Biertan (Birthälm), Sibiu County, in the Transylvania region of Romania.

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Blagoevgrad Province

Blagoevgrad Province (област Благоевград, oblast Blagoevgrad or Благоевградска област, Blagoevgradska oblast), also known as Pirin Macedonia (Пиринска Македония, Pirinska Makedoniya), is a province (oblast) of southwestern Bulgaria.

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Bochnia Salt Mine

The Bochnia Salt Mine in Bochnia, Poland is one of the oldest salt mines in the world and the oldest one in Poland.

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Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County

Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén (Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén megye,; Boršodsko-abovsko-zemplínska) is an administrative county (comitatus or megye) in north-eastern Hungary (commonly called "Northern Hungary"), on the border with Slovakia.

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Boyana

Boyana (Бояна) is a neighbourhood of the Bulgarian capital of Sofia, part of Vitosha municipality and situated 8 km south of the city centre, in the outskirts of Vitosha.

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Boyana Church

The Boyana Church (Боянска църква, Boyanska tsărkva) is a medieval Bulgarian Orthodox church situated on the outskirts of Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria, in the Boyana quarter.

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Brașov County

Brașov County is a county (județ) of Romania, in Transylvania, with the capital city at Brașov.

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Brandenburg

Brandenburg (Brannenborg, Lower Sorbian: Bramborska, Braniborsko) is one of the sixteen federated states of Germany.

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Brick

A brick is building material used to make walls, pavements and other elements in masonry construction.

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Brick Gothic

Brick Gothic (Backsteingotik, Gotyk ceglany, Baksteengotiek) is a specific style of Gothic architecture common in Northwest and Central Europe especially in the regions in and around the Baltic Sea, which do not have resources of standing rock, but in many places a lot of glacial boulders.

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Brno

Brno (Brünn) is the second largest city in the Czech Republic by population and area, the largest Moravian city, and the historical capital city of the Margraviate of Moravia.

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Buda Castle

Buda Castle (Budavári Palota, Burgpalast) is the historical castle and palace complex of the Hungarian kings in Budapest.

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Budapest

Budapest is the capital and the most populous city of Hungary, and one of the largest cities in the European Union.

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Bukovina

Bukovina (Bucovina; Bukowina/Buchenland; Bukowina; Bukovina, Буковина Bukovyna; see also other languages) is a historical region in Central Europe,Klaus Peter Berger,, Kluwer Law International, 2010, p. 132 divided between Romania and Ukraine, located on the northern slopes of the central Eastern Carpathians and the adjoining plains.

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Bulgaria

Bulgaria (България, tr.), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (Република България, tr.), is a country in southeastern Europe.

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Burgas Province

Burgas Province (Област Бургас - Oblast Burgas, former name Burgas okrug) is a province in southeastern Bulgaria, including southern Bulgarian Black Sea Coast.

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Burgenland

Burgenland (Őrvidék; Gradišće; Gradiščanska; Hradsko; is the easternmost and least populous state of Austria. It consists of two statutory cities and seven rural districts, with in total 171 municipalities. It is long from north to south but much narrower from west to east (wide at Sieggraben). The region is part of the Centrope Project.

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Calvary

Calvary, or Golgotha (Biblical Greek Γολγοθᾶ Golgotha, traditionally interpreted as reflecting Syriac (Aramaic) golgolta, as it were Hebrew gulgōleṯ "skull" Strong's Concordance.), was, according to the Gospels, a site immediately outside Jerusalem's walls where Jesus was crucified.

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Castle

A castle (from castellum) is a type of fortified structure built during the Middle Ages by predominantly the nobility or royalty and by military orders.

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Catholic religious order

Catholic religious order is a religious order of the Catholic Church.

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Caucasus

The Caucasus or Caucasia is a region located at the border of Europe and Asia, situated between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea and occupied by Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia.

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Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst

The Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst is a UNESCO World Heritage site consisting of 712 caves spread out over a total area of along the border of Hungary and Slovakia.

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Centennial Hall

The Centennial Hall (Hala Stulecia; formerly Hala Ludowa, People's Hall, Jahrhunderthalle) is a historic building in Wrocław, Poland.

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Central Bohemian Region

The Central Bohemian Region (Středočeský kraj) is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the central part of its historical region of Bohemia.

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Chełm

Chełm (Kulm, Холм) is a city in eastern Poland with 63,949 inhabitants (2015).

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Chernivtsi

Chernivtsi (Černivci; see also other names) is a city in western Ukraine, situated on the upper course of the River Prut.

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Chernivtsi Oblast

Chernivtsi Oblast (Чернівецька область, Černivećka oblasť, Regiunea Cernăuți) is an oblast (province) in western Ukraine, consisting of the northern parts of the regions of Bukovina and Bessarabia.

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Chersonesus

Chersonesus (Khersónēsos; Chersonesus; modern Russian and Ukrainian: Херсонес, Khersones; also rendered as Chersonese, Chersonesos), in medieval Greek contracted to Cherson (Χερσών; Old East Slavic: Корсунь, Korsun) is an ancient Greek colony founded approximately 2,500 years ago in the southwestern part of the Crimean Peninsula.

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Church of the Assumption of Our Lady and Saint John the Baptist

The Church of the Assumption of Our Lady and Saint John the Baptist is a Gothic and Baroque Gothic church north-east of Kutná Hora in the Czech Republic and is listed in the UNESCO World Heritage List together with the Church of St. Barbara and other monuments in Kutná Hora.

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Churches of Moldavia

The eight Romanian Orthodox Churches of Moldavia are located in Suceava County, northern Moldavia, and were built approximately between 1487 and 1583.

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Churches of Peace

The Churches of Peace (Kościoły Pokoju, Friedenskirchen) in Jawor (German: Jauer) and Świdnica (German: Schweidnitz) in Silesia were named after the Peace of Westphalia of 1648.

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Crusades

The Crusades were a series of religious wars sanctioned by the Latin Church in the medieval period.

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Cultural heritage

Cultural heritage is the legacy of physical artifacts and intangible attributes of a group or society that are inherited from past generations, maintained in the present and preserved for the benefit of future generations.

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Curonian Spit

The Curonian Spit (Kuršių nerija; Ку́ршская коса́ (Kurshskaya kosa); Kurische Nehrung,; Kuršu kāpas) is a 98 km long, thin, curved sand-dune spit that separates the Curonian Lagoon from the Baltic Sea coast.

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Czech Republic

The Czech Republic (Česká republika), also known by its short-form name Czechia (Česko), is a landlocked country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west, Austria to the south, Slovakia to the east and Poland to the northeast.

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Dacian Fortresses of the Orăștie Mountains

Built in murus dacicus style, the six Dacian Fortresses of the Orăștie Mountains, in Romania, were created in the 1st centuries BC and AD as protection against Roman conquest, and played an important role during the Roman-Dacian wars.

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Dagestan

The Republic of Dagestan (Респу́блика Дагеста́н), or simply Dagestan (or; Дагеста́н), is a federal subject (a republic) of Russia, located in the North Caucasus region.

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Danube

The Danube or Donau (known by various names in other languages) is Europe's second longest river, after the Volga.

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Danube Delta

The Danube Delta (Delta Dunării; Дельта Дунаю, Deľta Dunayu) is the second largest river delta in Europe, after the Volga Delta, and is the best preserved on the continent.

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Defensive wall

A defensive wall is a fortification usually used to protect a city, town or other settlement from potential aggressors.

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Derbent

Derbent (Дербе́нт; دربند; Dərbənd; Кьвевар; Дербенд), formerly romanized as Derbend, is a city in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia, located on the Caspian Sea, north of the Azerbaijani border.

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Dobšinská Ice Cave

Dobšinská Ice Cave or Dobšinská ľadová jaskyňa (in Slovak) is an ice cave in Slovakia, near the mining town of Dobšiná in the Slovak Paradise.

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Dobruja

Dobruja or Dobrudja (Добруджа, transliterated: Dobrudzha or Dobrudža; Dobrogea or; Dobruca) is a historical region in Eastern Europe that has been divided since the 19th century between the territories of Bulgaria and Romania.

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Duke of Masovia

Duke of Masovia (Książę Mazowsza) was a title born by the sons and descendants of the Polish Duke Bolesław III Wrymouth.

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East Germany

East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik, DDR), existed from 1949 to 1990 and covers the period when the eastern portion of Germany existed as a state that was part of the Eastern Bloc during the Cold War period.

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Eastern Bloc

The Eastern Bloc was the group of socialist states of Central and Eastern Europe, generally the Soviet Union and the countries of the Warsaw Pact.

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Eastern Europe

Eastern Europe is the eastern part of the European continent.

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Evangelism

In Christianity, Evangelism is the commitment to or act of publicly preaching of the Gospel with the intention of spreading the message and teachings of Jesus Christ.

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Extermination camp

Nazi Germany built extermination camps (also called death camps or killing centers) during the Holocaust in World War II, to systematically kill millions of Jews, Slavs, Communists, and others whom the Nazis considered "Untermenschen" ("subhumans").

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Fagus sylvatica

Fagus sylvatica, the European beech or common beech, is a deciduous tree belonging to the beech family Fagaceae.

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Ferapontov Monastery

The Ferapontov convent (Ферапонтов монастырь), in the Vologda region of Russia, is considered one of the purest examples of Russian medieval art, a reason given by UNESCO for its inscription on the World Heritage List.

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Fortification

A fortification is a military construction or building designed for the defense of territories in warfare; and is also used to solidify rule in a region during peacetime.

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Georgia (country)

Georgia (tr) is a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia.

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Germans

Germans (Deutsche) are a Germanic ethnic group native to Central Europe, who share a common German ancestry, culture and history.

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Germany

Germany (Deutschland), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (Bundesrepublik Deutschland), is a sovereign state in central-western Europe.

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Gothic architecture

Gothic architecture is an architectural style that flourished in Europe during the High and Late Middle Ages.

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Gothic architecture in modern Poland

The Gothic style arrived in Poland in the first half of the 13th century with the arrival of members of the Dominican and Franciscan orders.

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Grodno Region

Grodno/Hrodna Region (Гродзенская вобласць, Hrodzienskaja vobłasć; Гродненская область, Grodnenskaya oblast) is one of the regions of Belarus.

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Győr-Moson-Sopron County

Győr-Moson-Sopron (Győr-Moson-Sopron megye,; Komitat Raab-Wieselburg-Ödenburg; Rábsko-mošonsko-šopronská župa) is an administrative county (comitatus or megye) in north-western Hungary, on the border with Slovakia and Austria.

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Hajdú-Bihar County

Hajdú-Bihar (Hajdú-Bihar megye) is an administrative county (comitatus or megye) in eastern Hungary, on the border with Romania.

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Hanseatic League

The Hanseatic League (Middle Low German: Hanse, Düdesche Hanse, Hansa; Standard German: Deutsche Hanse; Latin: Hansa Teutonica) was a commercial and defensive confederation of merchant guilds and market towns in Northwestern and Central Europe.

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Harghita County

Harghita (Hargita megye) is a county (județ) in the center of Romania, in eastern Transylvania, with the county seat at Miercurea Ciuc.

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Hectare

The hectare (SI symbol: ha) is an SI accepted metric system unit of area equal to a square with 100 meter sides, or 10,000 m2, and is primarily used in the measurement of land.

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Hesse

Hesse or Hessia (Hessen, Hessian dialect: Hesse), officially the State of Hesse (German: Land Hessen) is a federal state (''Land'') of the Federal Republic of Germany, with just over six million inhabitants.

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Heves County

Heves (Heves megye) lies in northern Hungary.

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Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments

Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments is the name used by UNESCO when it collectively designated the historic core of the Russian city of St. Petersburg, as well as buildings and ensembles located in the immediate vicinity as a World Heritage Site in 1991.

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Historic Centre of Sighișoara

The Historic Centre of Sighișoara (Sighișoara Citadel) is the old historic center of the town of Sighișoara (Schäßburg, Segesvár), Romania, built in the 12th century by Saxon settlers.

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Historic Monuments of Novgorod and Surroundings

Historic Monuments of Novgorod and Surroundings is a composite World Heritage Site which includes a number of medieval monuments in and around Veliky Novgorod, Russia.

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Holašovice

Holašovice (Holaschowitz) is a small historic village located in the south of the Czech Republic, 16 kilometres west of České Budějovice.

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Hollókő

Hollókő is a Palóc ethnographic village in Hungary and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

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Holy Trinity Column, Olomouc

The Holy Trinity Column in Olomouc, in the Czech Republic is a Baroque monument (Trinity column) that was built between 1716 to 1754.

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Horezu

Horezu is a town located in Vâlcea County, Romania, about 43km from Râmnicu Vâlcea.

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Horezu Monastery

The Horezu Monastery or Hurezi Monastery was founded in 1690 by Prince Constantin Brâncoveanu in the town of Horezu, Wallachia, Romania.

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Hortobágy National Park

Hortobágy is an 800 km2 national park in eastern Hungary, rich with folklore and cultural history.

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Hunedoara County

Hunedoara is a county (județ) of Romania, in Transylvania, with its capital city at Deva.

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Hungary

Hungary (Magyarország) is a country in Central Europe that covers an area of in the Carpathian Basin, bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Austria to the northwest, Romania to the east, Serbia to the south, Croatia to the southwest, and Slovenia to the west.

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Indiana University Press

Indiana University Press, also known as IU Press, is an academic publisher founded in 1950 at Indiana University that specializes in the humanities and social sciences.

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Ivan the Terrible

Ivan IV Vasilyevich (pron; 25 August 1530 –), commonly known as Ivan the Terrible or Ivan the Fearsome (Ivan Grozny; a better translation into modern English would be Ivan the Formidable), was the Grand Prince of Moscow from 1533 to 1547, then Tsar of All Rus' until his death in 1584.

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Ivanovo, Ruse Province

Ivanovo (Иваново, pronounced) is a village in northeastern Bulgaria, part of Rousse Province.

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Jan Zamoyski

Jan Zamoyski or Zamojski (Ioannes Zamoyski de Zamoscie; 19 March 1542 – 3 June 1605) was a Polish nobleman, magnate, and the 1st ordynat of Zamość.

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Jankov (České Budějovice District)

Jankov is a village and municipality (obec) in České Budějovice District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic.

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Jawor

Jawor (Jauer) is a town in south-western Poland with 24,347 inhabitants (2006).

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Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County

Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok (Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok megye) is the name of an administrative county (comitatus or megye) in Hungary.

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Jewish Quarter and St Procopius' Basilica in Třebíč

Jewish Quarter and St Procopius' Basilica in Třebíč is the official name of the UNESCO World Heritage site in Třebíč, Czech Republic.

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Kaliningrad Oblast

Kaliningrad Oblast (Калинингра́дская о́бласть, Kaliningradskaya oblast), often referred to as the Kaliningrad Region in English, or simply Kaliningrad, is a federal subject of the Russian Federation that is located on the coast of the Baltic Sea.

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Kalwaria Zebrzydowska

Kalwaria Zebrzydowska (Polish) is a town in southern Poland with 4,429 inhabitants (2007 estimate).

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Kalwaria Zebrzydowska park

Kalwaria Zebrzydowska park is a Mannerist architectural and park landscape complex and pilgrimage park, built in the 17th century as the Counter Reformation in the late 16th century led to prosperity in the creation of Calvaries in Catholic Europe.

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Karelichy

Kareličy (Карэлічы, Kareličy; Коре́личи, Korelichi; Koreličiai; Korelicze; קארעליץ, Korelitz) is a town in Hrodna Province, Belarus, a raion center.

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Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan (Qazaqstan,; kəzɐxˈstan), officially the Republic of Kazakhstan (Qazaqstan Respýblıkasy; Respublika Kazakhstan), is the world's largest landlocked country, and the ninth largest in the world, with an area of.

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Kazan

Kazan (p; Казан) is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia.

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Kazan Kremlin

The Kazan Kremlin (Казанский Кремль; Казан кирмәне) is the chief historic citadel of Tatarstan, situated in the city of Kazan.

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Kazanlak

Kazanlak (Казанлъ̀к, Kazanlǎk, Thracian and Greek Σευθόπολις (Seuthopolis) is a Bulgarian town in Stara Zagora Province, located in the middle of the plain of the same name, at the foot of the Balkan mountain range, at the eastern end of the Rose Valley. It is the administrative centre of the homonymous Kazanlak Municipality. The town is among the 15 biggest industrial centres in Bulgaria, with a population of 47,325 people as of Feb 2011. It is the center of rose oil extraction in Bulgaria and the oil-producing rose of Kazanlak is one of the most widely recognizable national symbols.

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Khanate of Kazan

The Khanate of Kazan (Казан ханлыгы; Russian: Казанское ханство, Romanization: Kazanskoye khanstvo) was a medieval Tatar Turkic state that occupied the territory of former Volga Bulgaria between 1438 and 1552.

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Kiev

Kiev or Kyiv (Kyiv; Kiyev; Kyjev) is the capital and largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper.

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Kiev Pechersk Lavra

Kiev Pechersk Lavra or Kyiv Pechersk Lavra(Києво-Печерська лавра: Kyievo-Pechers'ka lavra, Киeво-Печерская лавра: Kievo-Pecherskaya lavra), also known as the Kiev Monastery of the Caves, is a historic Orthodox Christian monastery which gave its name to one of the city districts where it is located in Kiev.

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Kizhi Pogost

Kizhi Pogost (Кижский Погост) is a historical site dating from the 17th century on Kizhi island.

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Klaipėda County

Klaipėda County (Klaipėdos apskritis) is one of ten counties in Lithuania.

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Klaipėda District Municipality

Klaipėda District Municipality (Lithuanian: Klaipėdos rajono savivaldybė) is one of 60 municipalities in Lithuania.

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Košice Region

The Košice Region (Košický kraj,, Kassai kerület; Кошицький край) is one of the eight Slovak administrative regions.

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Kolomenskoye

Kolomenskoye (Коло́менское) is a former royal estate situated several kilometers to the southeast of the city center of Moscow, Russia, on the ancient road leading to the town of Kolomna (hence the name).

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Komi Republic

The Komi Republic (r; Komi Respublika) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic).

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Kraków

Kraków, also spelled Cracow or Krakow, is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland.

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Kraków Old Town

Kraków Old Town is the historic central district of Kraków, Poland.

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Krasnodar Krai

Krasnodar Krai (p) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the North Caucasus region in Southern Russia and administratively a part of the Southern Federal District.

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Kroměříž

Kroměříž (Kremsier, Kromieryż) is a Moravian town in the Zlín Region of the Czech Republic.

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Kroměříž Castle

The Kroměříž Castle (Zámek Kroměříž or Arcibiskupský zámek, Schloss Kremsier) in Kroměříž, Czech Republic, used to be the principal residence of the bishops and (since 1777) archbishops of Olomouc.

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Kutná Hora

Kutná Hora (medieval Czech: Hory Kutné; Kuttenberg) is a city situated in the Central Bohemian Region of Bohemia, which is now part of the Czech Republic.

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Kutná Hora District

Kutná Hora District (Okres Kutná Hora in Czech) is a district (okres) within Central Bohemian Region (Středočeský kraj) of the Czech Republic.

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Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship

Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, also known as Cuiavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship or simply Kujawsko-Pomorskie, or Kujawy-Pomerania Province (in Polish, województwo kujawsko-pomorskie.

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Kyustendil Province

Kyustendil Province (Област Кюстендил, trl Oblast Kyustendil) is a province in southwestern Bulgaria, extending over an area of 3084.3 km² (constituting 2.7% of the total territory of the Republic of Bulgaria), and with a population of 163,889.

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Lake Neusiedl

Lake Neusiedl (Neusiedler See) or Fertő (Fertő tó; Nežidersko jezero, Niuzaljsko jezero; Nežidersko jezero; Neziderské jazero) is the largest endorheic lake in Central Europe, straddling the Austrian–Hungarian border.

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Lednice–Valtice Cultural Landscape

The Lednice-Valtice Cultural Landscape (also Lednice-Valtice Area or Lednice-Valtice Complex, Lednicko-valtický areál) is a cultural-natural landscape complex of in the Lednice and Valtice areas of the South Moravian Region, near Břeclav in the Czech Republic.

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Lesser Poland

Lesser Poland (Polish: Małopolska, Latin: Polonia Minor) is a historical region (dzielnica) of Poland; its capital is the city of Kraków.

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Lesser Poland Voivodeship

Lesser Poland Voivodeship or Lesser Poland Province (in Polish, województwo małopolskie), also known as Małopolska Voivodeship or Małopolska Province, is a voivodeship (province), in southern Poland.

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Levoča, Spiš Castle and the associated cultural monuments

The ruins of Spiš Castle is one of the largest castle sites in Central Europe.

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Line 1 (Budapest Metro)

Line 1 (Officially: Millennium Underground Railway, Metro 1 or M1) is the oldest line of the Budapest Metro.

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List of oldest companies

This list of the oldest companies in the world includes brands and companies, excluding associations and educational, government, or religious organizations.

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List of World Heritage in Danger

The List of World Heritage in Danger is compiled by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) through the World Heritage Committee according to Article 11.4 of the World Heritage Convention,Full title: Convention concerning the protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage which was established in 1972 to designate and manage World Heritage Sites.

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List of World Heritage Sites in Northern and Central Asia

The UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) has designated 19 World Heritage Sites in six countries (also called "state parties") of Central and North Asia: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and the Asian part of Russia.

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List of World Heritage Sites in Northern Europe

The UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) has designated 36 World Heritage Sites in eight countries (also called "state parties") commonly referred to as Northern Europe: Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, i.e. a combination of Nordic and Baltic countries.

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List of World Heritage Sites in Southern Europe

The UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) has designated 168 World Heritage Sites in all of the 17 sovereign countries (also called "state parties") of Southern Europe: Albania, Andorra, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Greece, Italy, Macedonia, Malta, Montenegro, Portugal, San Marino, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey, and Vatican City as well as one site in the British overseas territory of Gibraltar.

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List of World Heritage Sites in Western Asia

The UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) has designated 82 World Heritage Sites in 18 countries (also called "state parties") of Western Asia: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Cyprus, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Oman, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Qatar and Yemen.

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List of World Heritage Sites in Western Europe

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has designated 132 World Heritage Sites in Western Europe.

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Lithuania

Lithuania (Lietuva), officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika), is a country in the Baltic region of northern-eastern Europe.

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Litomyšl Castle

Litomyšl Castle is one of the largest Renaissance castles in the Czech Republic.

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Lower Silesian Voivodeship

Lower Silesian Voivodeship, or Lower Silesia Province (''Polish'': województwo dolnośląskie), in southwestern Poland, is one of the 16 voivodeships (provinces) into which Poland is divided.

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Lublin Voivodeship

Lublin Voivodeship, or Lublin Province (in Polish, województwo lubelskie), is a voivodeship, or province, located in southeastern Poland.

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Lubusz Voivodeship

Lubusz Voivodeship, or Lubusz Province (in Polish, województwo lubuskie), is a voivodeship (province) in western Poland.

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Lutheranism

Lutheranism is a major branch of Protestant Christianity which identifies with the theology of Martin Luther (1483–1546), a German friar, ecclesiastical reformer and theologian.

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Lviv

Lviv (Львів; Львов; Lwów; Lemberg; Leopolis; see also other names) is the largest city in western Ukraine and the seventh-largest city in the country overall, with a population of around 728,350 as of 2016.

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Lviv Oblast

Lviv Oblast (Львівська область, translit. L’vivs’ka oblast’; also referred to as L’vivshchyna, Львівщина) is an oblast (province) in western Ukraine.

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Madara (village)

Madara (Мадара, pronounced) is a village in northeastern Bulgaria, part of Shumen municipality, Shumen Province.

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Madara Rider

The Madara Rider or Madara Horseman (Мадарски конник, Madarski konnik) is an early medieval large rock relief carved on the Madara Plateau east of Shumen in northeastern Bulgaria, near the village of Madara.

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Malbork

Malbork (Marienburg; Civitas Beatae Virginis) is a town in northern Poland in the Żuławy region (Vistula delta), with 38,478 inhabitants (2006).

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Malbork Castle

The Castle of the Teutonic Order in Malbork (zamek w Malborku; Ordensburg Marienburg) was built in the 13th century in Prussia and is currently located near the town of Malbork, Poland.

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Mannerism

Mannerism, also known as Late Renaissance, is a style in European art that emerged in the later years of the Italian High Renaissance around 1520 and lasted until about the end of the 16th century in Italy, when the Baroque style began to replace it.

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Maramureș

Maramureș (Maramureș; Мармарощина, Marmaroshchyna) is a geographical, historical and cultural region in northern Romania and western Ukraine.

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Mary, mother of Jesus

Mary was a 1st-century BC Galilean Jewish woman of Nazareth, and the mother of Jesus, according to the New Testament and the Quran.

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Masovian Voivodeship

Mazovian Voivodeship or Mazovia Province (województwo mazowieckie) is the largest and most populous of the 16 Polish provinces, or voivodeships, created in 1999.

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Mecklenburg-Vorpommern

Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (often Mecklenburg-West Pomerania in English and commonly shortened to "Meck-Pomm" or even "McPom" or "M-V" in German) is a federal state in northern Germany.

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Medieval Town of Toruń

Medieval Town of Toruń (zespół staromiejski Torunia) is the oldest historic district of the city of Toruń.

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Medvezhyegorsky District

Medvezhyegorsky District (Медвежьего́рский райо́н; Karhumäjen piiri) is an administrative district (raion), one of the fifteen in the Republic of Karelia, Russia.

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Metropolitan area

A metropolitan area, sometimes referred to as a metro area or commuter belt, is a region consisting of a densely populated urban core and its less-populated surrounding territories, sharing industry, infrastructure, and housing.

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Middle Ages

In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages (or Medieval Period) lasted from the 5th to the 15th century.

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Mikołaj Zebrzydowski

Mikołaj Zebrzydowski (1553–1620) of Radwan coat of arms, voivode of Lublin from 1589, Grand Crown Marshal 1596–1600, voivode of Kraków from 1601.

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Mining

Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, usually from an orebody, lode, vein, seam, reef or placer deposit.

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Minsk Region

Minsk Region or Minsk Voblasć or Minsk Oblast (Мі́нская во́бласць, Minskaja voblasć; Минская о́бласть, Minskaja oblastj) is one of the regions of Belarus.

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Mir Castle Complex

The Mir Castle Complex (Мірскі замак, Łacinka: Mirski zamak, Myriaus pilis, Zamek w Mirze) is a UNESCO World Heritage site in Belarus.

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Moldavia

Moldavia (Moldova, or Țara Moldovei (in Romanian Latin alphabet), Цара Мѡлдовєй (in old Romanian Cyrillic alphabet) is a historical region and former principality in Central and Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester River. An initially independent and later autonomous state, it existed from the 14th century to 1859, when it united with Wallachia (Țara Românească) as the basis of the modern Romanian state; at various times, Moldavia included the regions of Bessarabia (with the Budjak), all of Bukovina and Hertza. The region of Pokuttya was also part of it for a period of time. The western half of Moldavia is now part of Romania, the eastern side belongs to the Republic of Moldova, and the northern and southeastern parts are territories of Ukraine.

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Moldova

Moldova (or sometimes), officially the Republic of Moldova (Republica Moldova), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north, east, and south (by way of the disputed territory of Transnistria).

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Monowitz concentration camp

Monowitz (also called Monowitz-Buna or Auschwitz III) was initially established as a subcamp of Nazi Germany's Auschwitz concentration camp.

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Montane ecosystems

Montane ecosystems refers to any ecosystem found in mountains.

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Moscow

Moscow (a) is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 13.2 million residents within the city limits and 17.1 million within the urban area.

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Moscow Kremlin

The Moscow Kremlin (p), usually referred to as the Kremlin, is a fortified complex at the heart of Moscow, overlooking the Moskva River to the south, Saint Basil's Cathedral and Red Square to the east, and the Alexander Garden to the west.

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Moscow Oblast

Moscow Oblast (p), or Podmoskovye (p, literally "around/near Moscow"), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Mureș County

Mureș County (Județul Mures, Maros megye) is a county (județ) of Romania, in the historical region of Transylvania, with the administrative centre in Târgu Mureș.

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Muskau Park

Muskau Park (Muskauer Park, officially: Fürst-Pückler-Park Bad Muskau; Park Mużakowski) is a landscape park in the Upper Lusatia region of Germany and Poland.

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Natural heritage

Natural heritage refers to the sum total of the elements of biodiversity, including flora and fauna, ecosystems and geological structures.

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Nazi concentration camps

Nazi Germany maintained concentration camps (Konzentrationslager, KZ or KL) throughout the territories it controlled before and during the Second World War.

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Nazi Germany

Nazi Germany is the common English name for the period in German history from 1933 to 1945, when Germany was under the dictatorship of Adolf Hitler through the Nazi Party (NSDAP).

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Nógrád County

Nógrád (Nógrád megye,; Novohradská župa) is a county (megye) of Hungary.

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Neringa Municipality

Neringa or Neringa Municipality (Neringos savivaldybė) is a municipality of Klaipėda County in westernmost Lithuania, comprising several villages in the Curonian Spit.

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Nesebar

Nesebar (often transcribed as Nessebar and sometimes as Nesebur, Несебър, pronounced, Thracian: Melsambria, Μεσημβρία, Mesembria) is an ancient city and one of the major seaside resorts on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast, located in Burgas Province.

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Nesvizh Castle

Niasviž Castle or Nesvizh Castle (Нясьвіскі замак, Niasvižski zamak, zamek w Nieświeżu, Nesvyžius) is a residential castle of the Radziwiłł family in Niasviž, Belarus.

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Northern Hungary

Northern Hungary (Észak-Magyarország) is a region in Hungary.

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Novgorod Oblast

Novgorod Oblast (Новгоро́дская о́бласть, Novgorodskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Novodevichy Convent

Novodevichy Convent, also known as Bogoroditse-Smolensky Monastery (Новоде́вичий монасты́рь, Богоро́дице-Смоле́нский монасты́рь), is probably the best-known cloister of Moscow.

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Nyasvizh

Nesvizh, Niasviž (Нясві́ж; Не́свиж; Nieśwież; ניעסוויז; Nesvisium) is a city in Belarus.

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Oświęcim County

Oświęcim County (powiat oświęcimski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Old City (Zamość)

The osiedle Old City (Osiedle Stare Miasto) is the oldest historic district of the city of Zamość.

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Old Town (Lviv)

Lviv's Old Town (translit; Stare Miasto we Lwowie) is the historic centre of the city of Lviv, within the Lviv Oblast (province) in Ukraine, recognized as the State Historic-Architectural Sanctuary in 1975.

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Olomouc

Olomouc (locally Holomóc or Olomóc; Olmütz; Latin: Olomucium or Iuliomontium; Ołomuniec; Alamóc) is a city in Moravia, in the east of the Czech Republic.

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Olomouc Region

Olomouc Region (Olomoucký kraj) is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the north-western and central part of its historical region of Moravia (Morava) and in a small part of the historical region of Czech Silesia (České Slezsko).

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Ordensburg

Ordensburgs (plural in German: Ordensburgen, literally: castles of orders) were fortresses built by crusading German military orders during the Middle Ages.

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Pannonhalma

Pannonhalma (Martinsberg, Rábsky Svätý Martin) is a town in western Hungary, in Győr-Moson-Sopron county with approximately 4,000 inhabitants.

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Pannonhalma Archabbey

The Benedictine Pannonhalma Archabbey or Territorial Abbey of Pannonhalma (lat. Archiabbatia or Abbatia Territorialis Sancti Martini in Monte Pannoniae) is a medieval building in Pannonhalma, one of the oldest historical monuments in Hungary.

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Pardubice Region

Pardubice Region (Pardubický kraj; Kraj pardubicki) is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located mainly in the eastern part of its historical region of Bohemia, with a small part in northwestern Moravia.

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Pécs

Pécs (known by alternative names) is the fifth largest city of Hungary, located on the slopes of the Mecsek mountains in the south-west of the country, close to its border with Croatia.

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Peace of Westphalia

The Peace of Westphalia (Westfälischer Friede) was a series of peace treaties signed between May and October 1648 in the Westphalian cities of Osnabrück and Münster that virtually ended the European wars of religion.

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Pilgrimage Church of Saint John of Nepomuk

The Pilgrimage Church of St John of Nepomuk (Czech: Poutní kostel svatého Jana Nepomuckého) at Zelená hora (former German name: Grünberg, meaning "Green Hill") is a religious building at the edge of Žďár nad Sázavou, Czech Republic, near the historical border between Moravia and Bohemia.

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Pirin

The Pirin Mountains (Пирин) are a mountain range in southwestern Bulgaria, with Vihren at an altitude of 2,914 m being the highest peak.

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Pirin National Park

Pirin National Park (Национален парк "Пирин"), originally named Vihren National Park, encompasses the larger part of the Pirin Mountains in southwestern Bulgaria, spanning an area of.

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Podkarpackie Voivodeship

Podkarpackie Voivodeship or Podkarpackie Province (in Polish: województwo podkarpackie), also known as Subcarpathian Voivodeship or Subcarpathia Province, is a voivodeship, or province, in extreme-southeastern Poland.

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Podlaskie Voivodeship

Podlaskie Voivodeship or Podlasie Province (Województwo podlaskie) is a voivodeship (province) in northeastern Poland.

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Poland

Poland (Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country located in Central Europe.

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Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany

Following the Invasion of Poland at the beginning of World War II, nearly a quarter of the entire territory of the Second Polish Republic was annexed by Nazi Germany and placed directly under the German civil administration.

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Polychrome

Polychrome is the "'practice of decorating architectural elements, sculpture, etc., in a variety of colors." The term is used to refer to certain styles of architecture, pottery or sculpture in multiple colors.

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Pomeranian Voivodeship

Pomeranian Voivodeship, Pomorskie Region, or Pomerania Province (in Polish województwo pomorskie, in Kashubian Pòmòrsczé wòjewództwò), is a voivodeship, or province, in north-western Poland.

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Prague

Prague (Praha, Prag) is the capital and largest city in the Czech Republic, the 14th largest city in the European Union and also the historical capital of Bohemia.

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Prešov Region

The Prešov Region (Prešovský kraj) is one of the eight Slovak administrative regions and consists of 13 districts (okresy) and 666 municipalities, from which 23 have a town status.

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Razgrad Province

Razgrad Province (Област Разград (Oblast Razgrad), former name Razgrad okrug) is a province in Northeastern Bulgaria, geographically part of the Ludogorie region.

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Red Square

Red Square (ˈkrasnəjə ˈploɕːətʲ) is a city square (plaza) in Moscow, Russia.

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Republic of Karelia

The Republic of Karelia (rʲɪˈspublʲɪkə kɐˈrʲelʲɪ(j)ə; Karjalan tazavalda; Karjalan tasavalta; Karjalan Tazovaldkund) is a federal subject of Russia (a republic), located in the northwest of Russia.

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Residence of Bukovinian and Dalmatian Metropolitans

The Residence of Bukovinian and Dalmatian Metropolitans in Chernivtsi, Ukraine was built between the years 1864 - 1882 to the designs of the Czech architect Josef Hlávka.

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Rila

Rila (Рила) is a mountain range in southwestern Bulgaria and the highest mountain range of Bulgaria and the Balkans, with its highest peak being Musala at 2,925 m. The massif is also the sixth highest mountain in Europe (when each mountain is represented by its highest peak only), coming after the Caucasus, the Alps, Sierra Nevada, the Pyrenees and Mount Etna, and the highest between the Alps and the Caucasus.

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Rila Monastery

The Monastery of Saint Ivan of Rila, better known as the Rila Monastery (Рилски манастир, Rilski manastir) is the largest and most famous Eastern Orthodox monastery in Bulgaria.

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Rožňava District

Rožňava District (okres Rožňava) is a district in the Košice Region of eastern Slovakia.

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Rock-hewn Churches of Ivanovo

The Rock-hewn Churches of Ivanovo (Ивановски скални църкви, Ivanovski skalni tsarkvi) are a group of monolithic churches, chapels and monasteries hewn out of solid rock and completely different from other monastery complexes in Bulgaria, located near the village of Ivanovo, 20 km south of Rousse, on the high rocky banks of the Rusenski Lom, 32 m above the river.

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Romania

Romania (România) is a sovereign state located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe.

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Royal Castle, Warsaw

The Royal Castle in Warsaw (Zamek Królewski w Warszawie) is a castle residency that formerly served throughout the centuries as the official residence of the Polish monarchs.

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Ružomberok District

Ružomberok District (okres Ružomberok) is a district in the Žilina Region of central Slovakia.

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Ruse Province

Ruse Province (Област Русе or Rusenska Oblast Русенска област, former name Ruse okrug) is a province in northern Bulgaria, named after its main city - Ruse, neighbouring Romania via the Danube.

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Russia

Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.

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Saint Petersburg

Saint Petersburg (p) is Russia's second-largest city after Moscow, with 5 million inhabitants in 2012, part of the Saint Petersburg agglomeration with a population of 6.2 million (2015).

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Saint Sophia's Cathedral, Kiev

Saint Sophia Cathedral in Kiev is an outstanding architectural monument of Kievan Rus'.

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Salt

Salt, table salt or common salt is a mineral composed primarily of sodium chloride (NaCl), a chemical compound belonging to the larger class of salts; salt in its natural form as a crystalline mineral is known as rock salt or halite.

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Salt mining

A salt mine is a mine from which halite, commonly known as rock salt, is extracted from evaporite formations.

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Saxony

The Free State of Saxony (Freistaat Sachsen; Swobodny stat Sakska) is a landlocked federal state of Germany, bordering the federal states of Brandenburg, Saxony Anhalt, Thuringia, and Bavaria, as well as the countries of Poland (Lower Silesian and Lubusz Voivodeships) and the Czech Republic (Karlovy Vary, Liberec, and Ústí nad Labem Regions).

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Sergiyev Posad

Sergiyev Posad (p) is a city and the administrative center of Sergiyevo-Posadsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia.

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Shumen Province

Shumen Province (Област Шумен, transliterated Oblast Shumen, former name Shumen okrug) is a province in northeastern Bulgaria named after its main city Shumen.

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Sibiu County

Sibiu County is a county (județ) of Romania, in the historical region Transylvania, with the capital city Sibiu.

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Sighișoara

Sighișoara (Schäßburg,; Segesvár,; Castrum Sex) is a city on the Târnava Mare River in Mureș County, Romania.

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Sigismund III Vasa

Sigismund III Vasa (also known as Sigismund III of Poland, Zygmunt III Waza, Sigismund, Žygimantas Vaza, English exonym: Sigmund; 20 June 1566 – 30 April 1632 N.S.) was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, monarch of the united Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1587 to 1632, and King of Sweden (where he is known simply as Sigismund) from 1592 as a composite monarchy until he was deposed in 1599.

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Silesia

Silesia (Śląsk; Slezsko;; Silesian German: Schläsing; Silesian: Ślůnsk; Šlazyńska; Šleska; Silesia) is a region of Central Europe located mostly in Poland, with small parts in the Czech Republic and Germany.

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Silistra Province

Silistra Province (Област Силистра, transliterated Oblast Silistra, former name Silistra okrug) is a province of Bulgaria, named after its main city - Silistra.

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Silk Road

The Silk Road was an ancient network of trade routes that connected the East and West.

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Slovakia

Slovakia (Slovensko), officially the Slovak Republic (Slovenská republika), is a landlocked country in Central Europe.

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Sofia

Sofia (Со́фия, tr.) is the capital and largest city of Bulgaria.

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Solovetsky Islands

The Solovetsky Islands (Солове́цкие острова́), or Solovki (Соловки́), are an archipelago located in the Onega Bay of the White Sea, Russia.

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South Bohemian Region

South Bohemia (Jihočeský kraj) is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located mostly in the southern part of its historical land of Bohemia, with a small part in southwestern Moravia.

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South Moravian Region

The South Moravian Region (Jihomoravský kraj; Juhomoravský kraj) is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the south-western part of its historical region of Moravia (an exception is Jobova Lhota which belongs to Bohemia).

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Sovereign state

A sovereign state is, in international law, a nonphysical juridical entity that is represented by one centralized government that has sovereignty over a geographic area.

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Spišská Nová Ves District

Spišská Nová Ves District (okres Spišská Nová Ves) is a district in the Košice Region of eastern Slovakia.

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Srebarna Nature Reserve

The Srebarna Nature Reserve (Природен резерват Сребърна, transliterated as Priroden rezervat Srebarna) is a nature reserve in northeastern Bulgaria (Southern Dobruja), near the village of the same name, 18 km west of Silistra and 2 km south of the Danube.

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St. Barbara's Church, Kutná Hora

Saint Barbara's Church (Chrám svaté Barbory) is a Roman Catholic church in Kutná Hora (Bohemia) in the style of a Cathedral, and is sometimes referred to as the Cathedral of St Barbara (Katedrál sv.). Cathedral of S.t Barbara It is one of the most famous Gothic churches in central Europe and it is a UNESCO world heritage site.

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Stara Zagora Province

Stara Zagora (Област Стара Загора oblast Stara Zagora, former name Stara Zagora okrug) is a province of south central Bulgaria.

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Struve Geodetic Arc

The Struve Geodetic Arc is a chain of survey triangulations stretching from Hammerfest in Norway to the Black Sea, through ten countries and over 2,820 km, which yielded the first accurate measurement of a meridian.

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Suceava County

Suceava is a county (județ) of Romania.

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Sucevița Monastery

Sucevița Monastery is an Eastern Orthodox convent situated in the Northeastern part of Romania.

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Suzdal

Suzdal (p) is a town and the administrative center of Suzdalsky District in Vladimir Oblast, Russia, located on the Kamenka River, north of the city of Vladimir, the administrative center of the oblast.

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Sviyaga River

The Sviyaga is a river in the Ulyanovsk Oblast and Tatarstan, a right tributary of the Volga River.

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Sviyazhsk

Sviyazhsk (Свия́жск) is a rural locality (a selo) in the Russia, located at the confluence of the Volga and Sviyaga Rivers.

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Tatarstan

The Republic of Tatarstan (p; Татарстан Республикасы), or simply Tatarstan, is a federal subject (a republic) of the Russian Federation, located in the Volga Federal District.

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Třebíč

Třebíč (Trebitsch) is a town in the Moravian part of the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic.

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Telč

Telč (Teltsch) is a town in southern Moravia, near Jihlava, in the Czech Republic.

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Teutonic Order

The Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem (official names: Ordo domus Sanctæ Mariæ Theutonicorum Hierosolymitanorum, Orden der Brüder vom Deutschen Haus der Heiligen Maria in Jerusalem), commonly the Teutonic Order (Deutscher Orden, Deutschherrenorden or Deutschritterorden), is a Catholic religious order founded as a military order c. 1190 in Acre, Kingdom of Jerusalem.

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Thracian Tomb of Kazanlak

The Thracian Tomb of Kazanlak (Казанлъшка гробница, Kazanlǎška grobnica) is a vaulted-brickwork "beehive" (tholos) tomb near the town of Kazanlak in central Bulgaria.

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Thracian Tomb of Sveshtari

The Thracian Tomb of Sveshtari (Свещарска гробница, Sveštarska grobnica) is 2.5 km southwest of the village of Sveshtari, Razgrad Province, which is 42 km northeast of Razgrad, in northeast Bulgaria.

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Thuringia

The Free State of Thuringia (Freistaat Thüringen) is a federal state in central Germany.

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Tokaj wine region

Tokaj wine region (Tokaji borvidék Vinohradnícka oblasť Tokaj) or Tokaj-Hegyalja wine region (short Tokaj-Hegyalja or Hegyalja) is a historical wine region located in northeastern Hungary and southeastern Slovakia.

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Transylvania

Transylvania is a historical region in today's central Romania.

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Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius

The Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius (Тро́ице-Се́ргиева Ла́вра) is the most important Russian monastery and the spiritual centre of the Russian Orthodox Church.

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Tulcea County

Tulcea is a county (județ) of Romania, in the historical region Dobruja, with the capital city at Tulcea.

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Ukraine

Ukraine (Ukrayina), sometimes called the Ukraine, is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast; Belarus to the northwest; Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively.

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UNESCO

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; Organisation des Nations unies pour l'éducation, la science et la culture) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) based in Paris.

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United Nations Statistics Division

The United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD), formerly the United Nations Statistical Office, serves under the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) as the central mechanism within the Secretariat of the United Nations to supply the statistical needs and coordinating activities of the global statistical system.

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Vâlcea County

Vâlcea (also spelt Vîlcea) is a county (județ) of Romania.

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Veliky Novgorod

Veliky Novgorod (p), also known as Novgorod the Great, or Novgorod Veliky, or just Novgorod, is one of the most important historic cities in Russia, which serves as the administrative center of Novgorod Oblast.

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Villa Tugendhat

Villa Tugendhat is a historical building in the wealthy neighbourhood of Černá Pole in Brno, Czech Republic.

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Villages with fortified churches in Transylvania

The south-eastern Transylvania region in Romania currently has one of the highest numbers of existing fortified churches from the 13th to 16th centuries.

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Virgin Komi Forests

The Virgin Komi Forests is a natural UNESCO World Heritage site in the Northern Ural Mountains of the Komi Republic, Russia.

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Vladimir Oblast

Vladimir Oblast (Влади́мирская о́бласть, Vladimirskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Vladimir, Russia

Vladimir (a) is a city and the administrative center of Vladimir Oblast, Russia, located on the Klyazma River, to the east of Moscow.

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Vlkolínec

Vlkolínec, Slovakia, is a village under the administration of the town of Ružomberok.

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Volga River

The Volga (p) is the longest river in Europe.

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Volga trade route

In the Middle Ages, the Volga trade route connected Northern Europe and Northwestern Russia with the Caspian Sea, via the Volga River.

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Vologda Oblast

Vologda Oblast (r) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Vysočina Region

The Vysočina Region (Kraj Vysočina "Highlands Region"), is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located partly in the south-eastern part of the historical region of Bohemia and partly in the south-west of the historical region of Moravia.

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Wallachia

Wallachia or Walachia (Țara Românească; archaic: Țeara Rumânească, Romanian Cyrillic alphabet: Цѣра Рȣмѫнѣскъ) is a historical and geographical region of Romania.

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Warsaw

Warsaw (Warszawa; see also other names) is the capital and largest city of Poland.

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Warsaw New Town

The Warsaw New Town is a neighbourhood dating from the 15th century in Warsaw, Poland.

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Warsaw Old Town

The Warsaw Old Town (italic and collectively with the New Town, known colloquially as: Starówka) is the oldest part of Warsaw, the capital city of Poland.

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Washington, D.C.

Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington or D.C., is the capital of the United States of America.

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Western Caucasus

The Western Caucasus is a western region of the Caucasus in Southern Russia, extending from the Black Sea to Mount Elbrus.

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White Monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal

The White Monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal in Russian Federation have been designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

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Wieliczka

Wieliczka (German: Groß Salze) is a town (2006 population: 19,128) in southern Poland in the Kraków metropolitan area, and situated (since 1999) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship; previously, it was in Kraków Voivodeship (1975–1998).

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Wieliczka Salt Mine

The Wieliczka Salt Mine (Kopalnia soli Wieliczka), located in the town of Wieliczka in southern Poland, lies within the Kraków metropolitan area.

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Wooden churches of Maramureș

The Wooden churches of Maramureș in the Maramureș region of northern Transylvania are a group of almost one hundred Orthodox churches, and occasionally Greek-Catholic ones, of different architectural solutions from different periods and areas.

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Wooden churches of Southern Lesser Poland

Wooden Churches of Southern Lesser Poland of the UNESCO inscription are located in Binarowa, Blizne, Dębno, Haczów, Lipnica Murowana, and Sękowa (Lesser Poland Voivodeship or Małopolska).

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Wooden churches of the Slovak Carpathians

Carpathian Wooden Churches is the name of a UNESCO World Heritage Site that consists of nine wooden religious buildings constructed between the 16th and 18th centuries in eight different locations in Slovakia.

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Wooden tserkvas of the Carpathian region in Poland and Ukraine

Wooden Tserkvas of the Carpathian Region in Poland and Ukraine are a group of wooden Orthodox (and some Eastern Catholic) churches located in Poland and Ukraine which were inscribed in 2013 on the UNESCO World Heritage List which explains.

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World Heritage Committee

The World Heritage Committee selects the sites to be listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including the World Heritage List and the List of World Heritage in Danger, monitors the state of conservation of the World Heritage properties, defines the use of the World Heritage Fund and allocates financial assistance upon requests from States Parties.

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World Heritage site

A World Heritage site is a landmark or area which is selected by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as having cultural, historical, scientific or other form of significance, and is legally protected by international treaties.

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World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

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Wrocław

Wrocław (Breslau; Vratislav; Vratislavia) is the largest city in western Poland.

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Yaroslavl

Yaroslavl (p) is a city and the administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located northeast of Moscow.

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Yaroslavl Oblast

Yaroslavl Oblast (Яросла́вская о́бласть, Yaroslavskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), which is located in the Central Federal District, surrounded by Tver, Moscow, Ivanovo, Vladimir, Kostroma, and Vologda Oblasts.

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Yugoslavia

Yugoslavia (Jugoslavija/Југославија; Jugoslavija; Југославија; Pannonian Rusyn: Югославия, transcr. Juhoslavija)Jugosllavia; Jugoszlávia; Juhoslávia; Iugoslavia; Jugoslávie; Iugoslavia; Yugoslavya; Югославия, transcr. Jugoslavija.

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Zakarpattia Oblast

The Zakarpattia Oblast (Закарпатська область, translit.; see other languages) is an administrative oblast (province) located in southwestern Ukraine, coterminous with the historical region of Carpathian Ruthenia.

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Zelenogradsky District

Zelenogradsky District (Зеленогра́дский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the fifteen in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia.

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Zlín Region

Zlín Region (Zlínský kraj) is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the south-eastern part of the historical region of Moravia.

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Redirects here:

List of World Heritage Sites in Moldova, List of World Heritage Sites in Slovakia, List of World Heritage Sites of Hungary, World Heritage Sites in Slovakia.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Eastern_Europe

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