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71 relations: Abyei, Abyei (town), Abyei status referendum, Addis Ababa Agreement (1972), Addis Ababa University, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Anyanya, Anyanya II, Arabic, Awn Al-Khasawneh, Babanusa, Bahr el Ghazal (region of South Sudan), Blue Nile (state), Comprehensive Peace Agreement, Daju people, Dinka people, Douglas H. Johnson, Ethiopia, European Union, First Sudanese Civil War, Gaafar Nimeiry, Gary Born, Greater Nile Oil Pipeline, Heglig, Hydrocarbon, Intergovernmental Authority on Development, International arbitration, International Crisis Group, IRIN, John Danforth, John Garang, Khartoum, Kordofan, Malakal, Messiria tribe, Muglad, Muglad Basin, National unity government, No-fly zone, Nomad, Northern Bahr el Ghazal, Nuba Mountains, Omar al-Bashir, Paul R. Williams (professor of law), Permanent Court of Arbitration, Pierre-Marie Dupuy, Politics of South Sudan, Politics of Sudan, Port Sudan, Rebellion, ..., Red Sea, Rift, Salva Kiir Mayardit, Second Sudanese Civil War, South Kordofan, South Sudan, South Sudan People's Defense Forces, South Sudanese independence referendum, 2011, Stephen M. Schwebel, Sudan, Sudan People's Liberation Movement-North, Sudan Tribune, Tadesse Werede Tesfay, The Hague, United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei, United Nations Security Council Resolution 1990, United States Institute of Peace, Unity oilfield, University of Nairobi, Upper Nile (state), Warrap (state). Expand index (21 more) »
Abyei
The Abyei Area (أبيي) is an area of in Sudan accorded "special administrative status" by the 2004 Protocol on the Resolution of the Abyei Conflict (Abyei Protocol) in the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) that ended the Second Sudanese Civil War.
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Abyei (town)
Abyei (also spelled Abyēy; أبيي) is a north-south border town currently in the Abyei Area that is disputed by Sudan and South Sudan.
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Abyei status referendum
The Abyei status referendum is a delayed referendum that was originally due to be held in 2011 in which the residents of Abyei can decide either to remain part of the Sudanese South Kordofan region or to become part of the Bahr el Ghazal region of South Sudan.
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Addis Ababa Agreement (1972)
The Addis Ababa Agreement, also known as the Addis Ababa Accord, was a set of compromises within a 1972 treaty that ended the First Sudanese Civil War (1955–1972) fighting in Sudan.
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Addis Ababa University
Addis Ababa University (አዲስ አበባ ዩኒቨርሲቲ) is a state university in Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia.
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Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (السودان الإنجليزي المصري) was a condominium of the United Kingdom and Egypt in the eastern Sudan region of northern Africa between 1899 and 1956, but in practice the structure of the condominium ensured full British control over the Sudan.
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Anyanya
The Anyanya (also Anya-Nya) were a southern Sudanese separatist rebel army formed during the First Sudanese Civil War (1955–1972).
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Anyanya II
Anyanya II is the name taken in 1978 by a group of the 64 tribes of South Sudan dissidents who took up arms in All of Sudan.
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Arabic
Arabic (العَرَبِيَّة) or (عَرَبِيّ) or) is a Central Semitic language that first emerged in Iron Age northwestern Arabia and is now the lingua franca of the Arab world. It is named after the Arabs, a term initially used to describe peoples living from Mesopotamia in the east to the Anti-Lebanon mountains in the west, in northwestern Arabia, and in the Sinai peninsula. Arabic is classified as a macrolanguage comprising 30 modern varieties, including its standard form, Modern Standard Arabic, which is derived from Classical Arabic. As the modern written language, Modern Standard Arabic is widely taught in schools and universities, and is used to varying degrees in workplaces, government, and the media. The two formal varieties are grouped together as Literary Arabic (fuṣḥā), which is the official language of 26 states and the liturgical language of Islam. Modern Standard Arabic largely follows the grammatical standards of Classical Arabic and uses much of the same vocabulary. However, it has discarded some grammatical constructions and vocabulary that no longer have any counterpart in the spoken varieties, and has adopted certain new constructions and vocabulary from the spoken varieties. Much of the new vocabulary is used to denote concepts that have arisen in the post-classical era, especially in modern times. During the Middle Ages, Literary Arabic was a major vehicle of culture in Europe, especially in science, mathematics and philosophy. As a result, many European languages have also borrowed many words from it. Arabic influence, mainly in vocabulary, is seen in European languages, mainly Spanish and to a lesser extent Portuguese, Valencian and Catalan, owing to both the proximity of Christian European and Muslim Arab civilizations and 800 years of Arabic culture and language in the Iberian Peninsula, referred to in Arabic as al-Andalus. Sicilian has about 500 Arabic words as result of Sicily being progressively conquered by Arabs from North Africa, from the mid 9th to mid 10th centuries. Many of these words relate to agriculture and related activities (Hull and Ruffino). Balkan languages, including Greek and Bulgarian, have also acquired a significant number of Arabic words through contact with Ottoman Turkish. Arabic has influenced many languages around the globe throughout its history. Some of the most influenced languages are Persian, Turkish, Spanish, Urdu, Kashmiri, Kurdish, Bosnian, Kazakh, Bengali, Hindi, Malay, Maldivian, Indonesian, Pashto, Punjabi, Tagalog, Sindhi, and Hausa, and some languages in parts of Africa. Conversely, Arabic has borrowed words from other languages, including Greek and Persian in medieval times, and contemporary European languages such as English and French in modern times. Classical Arabic is the liturgical language of 1.8 billion Muslims and Modern Standard Arabic is one of six official languages of the United Nations. All varieties of Arabic combined are spoken by perhaps as many as 422 million speakers (native and non-native) in the Arab world, making it the fifth most spoken language in the world. Arabic is written with the Arabic alphabet, which is an abjad script and is written from right to left, although the spoken varieties are sometimes written in ASCII Latin from left to right with no standardized orthography.
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Awn Al-Khasawneh
Awn Shawkat Al-Khasawneh (عون الخصاونة) (born 22 February 1950) was the prime minister of Jordan from October 2011 to April 2012.
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Babanusa
Babanusa is a town in western Sudan.
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Bahr el Ghazal (region of South Sudan)
The Bahr el Ghazal is a historical region of northwestern South Sudan.
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Blue Nile (state)
Blue Nile (النيل الأزرق) is one of the eighteen states of the Republic of Sudan.
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Comprehensive Peace Agreement
The Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA, اتفاقية السلام الشامل, Ittifāqiyyah al-salām al-šāmil), also known as the Naivasha Agreement, was an accord signed on January 9, 2005, by the Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) and the Government of Sudan.
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Daju people
The Daju people are a group of seven distinct ethnicities speaking related languages (see Daju languages) living on both sides of the Chad-Sudan border and in the Nuba Mountains.
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Dinka people
The Dinka people (Jiɛ̈ɛ̈ŋ) are a community, composed of many ethnic groups, inhabiting the East and West Banks of River Nile, from Mangalla to Renk, regions of Bahr el Ghazal, Upper Nile (former two of three Southern Provinces in Sudan) and Abyei Area of the Angok Dinka in South Khordofan of Sudan.
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Douglas H. Johnson
Douglas Hamilton Johnson is an American scholar who lives in Britain who specializes in the history of North East Africa, Sudan and the Southern Sudan.
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Ethiopia
Ethiopia (ኢትዮጵያ), officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (የኢትዮጵያ ፌዴራላዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ, yeʾĪtiyoṗṗya Fēdēralawī Dēmokirasīyawī Rīpebilīk), is a country located in the Horn of Africa.
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European Union
The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of EUnum member states that are located primarily in Europe.
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First Sudanese Civil War
The First Sudanese Civil War (also known as the Anyanya Rebellion or Anyanya I, after the name of the rebels, a term in the Madi language which means 'snake venom') was a conflict from 1955 to 1972 between the northern part of Sudan and the southern Sudan region that demanded representation and more regional autonomy. Half a million people died over the 17 years of war, which may be divided into three stages: initial guerrilla war, Anyanya, and South Sudan Liberation Movement. However, the agreement that ended the First Sudanese Civil War's fighting in 1972 failed to completely dispel the tensions that had originally caused it, leading to a reigniting of the north-south conflict during the Second Sudanese Civil War, which lasted from 1983 to 2005. The period between 1955 and 2005 is thus sometimes considered to be a single conflict with an eleven-year ceasefire that separates two violent phases.
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Gaafar Nimeiry
Gaafar Muhammad an-Nimeiry (otherwise spelled in English as Jaafar Nimeiry, Gaafar Nimeiry or Ga'far Muhammad Numayri; جعفر محمد نميري; 1 January 193030 May 2009) was the President of Sudan from 1969 to 1985.
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Gary Born
Gary B. Born (born September 14, 1955) is an international lawyer and academic.
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Greater Nile Oil Pipeline
The Greater Nile Oil Pipeline is an important oil export pipeline in Sudan.
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Heglig
Heglig, or Panthou (also spelled Pandthow or Heglieg or even Hedwig), is a small town at the border between the South Kordofan state of Sudan and the Unity State in South Sudan.
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Hydrocarbon
In organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon.
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Intergovernmental Authority on Development
The Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) is an eight-country trade bloc in Africa.
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International arbitration
International arbitration is arbitration between companies or individuals in different states, usually by including a provision for future disputes in a contract.
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International Crisis Group
The International Crisis Group (ICG; also simply known as the Crisis Group) is a transnational non-profit, non-governmental organization founded in 1995 that carries out field research on violent conflict and advances policies to prevent, mitigate or resolve conflict.
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IRIN
IRIN (formerly Integrated Regional Information Networks) is a news agency focusing on humanitarian stories in regions that are often forgotten, under-reported, misunderstood or ignored.
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John Danforth
John Claggett Danforth (born September 5, 1936) is a retired American politician who began his career in 1968 as the Attorney General of Missouri and served three terms as United States Senator from Missouri.
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John Garang
John Garang de Mabior (June 23, 1945 – July 30, 2005) was a Sudanese politician and leader.
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Khartoum
Khartoum is the capital and largest city of Sudan.
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Kordofan
Kordofan (كردفان) is a former province of central Sudan.
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Malakal
Malakal is a city and Latin Catholic bishopric in South Sudan and second largest city after the national capital Juba.
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Messiria tribe
The Messiria, known also under the name of Misseriya Arabs, are a branch of the Baggara Arabs tribes.
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Muglad
Muglad is a town in West Kurdufan State in the south of Sudan.
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Muglad Basin
The Muglad Basin is a large rift basin in Northern Africa.
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National unity government
A national unity government, government of national unity, or national union government is a broad coalition government consisting of all parties (or all major parties) in the legislature, usually formed during a time of war or other national emergency.
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No-fly zone
A no-fly zone or no-flight zone (NFZ), or air exclusion zone, is a territory or an area over which aircraft are not permitted to fly.
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Nomad
A nomad (νομάς, nomas, plural tribe) is a member of a community of people who live in different locations, moving from one place to another in search of grasslands for their animals.
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Northern Bahr el Ghazal
Northern Bahr el Ghazal was one of the 10 former states of South Sudan before reorganisation in 2015.
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Nuba Mountains
The Nuba Mountains, also referred to as the Nuba Hills (جبال النوبة), is an area located in South Kordofan, Sudan.
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Omar al-Bashir
Omar Hassan Ahmad al-Bashir (عمر حسن أحمد البشير; pronunciation:; born 1944) is a Sudanese politician who is currently the seventh president of Sudan and head of the National Congress Party.
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Paul R. Williams (professor of law)
Paul R. Williams holds the Rebecca Grazier Professorship in Law and International Relations at American University, where he teaches in the School of International Service and the Washington College of Law.
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Permanent Court of Arbitration
The Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) is an intergovernmental organization located at The Hague in the Netherlands.
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Pierre-Marie Dupuy
Pierre-Marie Dupuy (born October 5, 1946 in Paris) is a French jurist.
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Politics of South Sudan
The politics of South Sudan concern the system of government in the Republic of South Sudan, a country in East Africa, and the people, organisations, and events involved in it.
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Politics of Sudan
Officially, the politics of Sudan takes place in the framework of a presidential representative democratic consociationalist republic, where the President of Sudan is head of state, head of government and commander-in-chief of the Sudanese Armed Forces in a multi-party system.
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Port Sudan
Port Sudan (بور سودان) is a port city in eastern Sudan, and the capital of the state of Red Sea.
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Rebellion
Rebellion, uprising, or insurrection is a refusal of obedience or order.
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Red Sea
The Red Sea (also the Erythraean Sea) is a seawater inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia.
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Rift
In geology, a rift is a linear zone where the lithosphere is being pulled apart and is an example of extensional tectonics.
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Salva Kiir Mayardit
Salva Kiir Mayardit (born 13 September 1951) is a Dinka South Sudanese politician who has been President of South Sudan since its independence in 2011.
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Second Sudanese Civil War
The Second Sudanese Civil War was a conflict from 1983 to 2005 between the central Sudanese government and the Sudan People's Liberation Army.
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South Kordofan
South Kordofan (جنوب كردفان) is one of the 18 wilayat or provinces of Sudan.
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South Sudan
South Sudan, officially known as the Republic of South Sudan, is a landlocked country in East-Central Africa.
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South Sudan People's Defense Forces
The South Sudanese People's Defence Forces (SSPDF), formerly the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) until 2017, is the army of the Republic of South Sudan.
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South Sudanese independence referendum, 2011
A referendum took place in Southern Sudan from 9 to 15 January 2011, on whether the region should remain a part of Sudan or become independent.
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Stephen M. Schwebel
Stephen Myron Schwebel (born March 10, 1929), is an American jurist, counsel and independent arbitrator.
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Sudan
The Sudan or Sudan (السودان as-Sūdān) also known as North Sudan since South Sudan's independence and officially the Republic of the Sudan (جمهورية السودان Jumhūriyyat as-Sūdān), is a country in Northeast Africa.
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Sudan People's Liberation Movement-North
Sudan People's Liberation Movement – North (Harakat Al-Sha'abi Li-Tahrir Al-Sudan-Al-Shamal), or SPLM–N, is a banned political party and militant organisation in the Republic of Sudan.
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Sudan Tribune
The Sudan Tribune is an electronic news portal on Sudan and South Sudan and neighbouring countries including news coverage, analyses and commentary, official reports and press releases from various organizations, and maps.
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Tadesse Werede Tesfay
Lieutenant General Tadesse Werede Tesfay is Head of Mission and Force Commander of the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA).
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The Hague
The Hague (Den Haag,, short for 's-Gravenhage) is a city on the western coast of the Netherlands and the capital of the province of South Holland.
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United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei
The United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) is a United Nations peacekeeping force in Abyei, which is contested between the Republic of Sudan and the newly independent Republic of South Sudan.
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United Nations Security Council Resolution 1990
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1990, adopted unanimously on June 27, 2011, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in Sudan and the Comprehensive Peace Agreement, the Council established the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) in the disputed Abyei region between Sudan and South Sudan.
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United States Institute of Peace
The United States Institute of Peace (USIP) is an American non-partisan, independent, federal institution that provides analysis of and is involved in conflicts around the world.
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Unity oilfield
The Unity oil field is a major oil field in Unity State, South Sudan.
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University of Nairobi
The University of Nairobi (UoN) is a collegiate research university based in Nairobi.
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Upper Nile (state)
Upper Nile was one of the states of South Sudan.
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Warrap (state)
Warrap, sometimes spelled Warab, or (Warrap County) was one of the original 10 states of South Sudan.
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Redirects here:
Abyei Arbitration, Abyei Area, Abyei Area Administration, Abyei Protocol.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abyei
