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41 relations: American Revolution, American Revolutionary War, Arent DePeyster, Battle of Minden, Cahokia, Casimir Pulaski, Cavalry, Charles Beaubien, Columbia City, Indiana, Daughters of the American Revolution, Eel River (Wabash River tributary), Fort Detroit, Fort Pitt (Pennsylvania), Fort St. Joseph (Niles, Michigan), Fort Wayne, Indiana, Forts of Vincennes, Indiana, France, Francisco Cruzat, French Alps, French Canadians, Gendarme (historical), George Rogers Clark, George Washington, Harmar Campaign, Jay Treaty, Kaskaskia, Kekionga, Little Turtle, Messiah, Miami people, Ouiatenon, Saint-Antoine-l'Abbaye, Seven Years' War, Sons of the American Revolution, Tanning (leather), United States, Vincennes, Wabash River, War of 1812, West Lafayette, Indiana, William Hayden English.
American Revolution
The American Revolution was a colonial revolt that took place between 1765 and 1783.
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American Revolutionary War
The American Revolutionary War (17751783), also known as the American War of Independence, was a global war that began as a conflict between Great Britain and its Thirteen Colonies which declared independence as the United States of America. After 1765, growing philosophical and political differences strained the relationship between Great Britain and its colonies. Patriot protests against taxation without representation followed the Stamp Act and escalated into boycotts, which culminated in 1773 with the Sons of Liberty destroying a shipment of tea in Boston Harbor. Britain responded by closing Boston Harbor and passing a series of punitive measures against Massachusetts Bay Colony. Massachusetts colonists responded with the Suffolk Resolves, and they established a shadow government which wrested control of the countryside from the Crown. Twelve colonies formed a Continental Congress to coordinate their resistance, establishing committees and conventions that effectively seized power. British attempts to disarm the Massachusetts militia at Concord, Massachusetts in April 1775 led to open combat. Militia forces then besieged Boston, forcing a British evacuation in March 1776, and Congress appointed George Washington to command the Continental Army. Concurrently, an American attempt to invade Quebec and raise rebellion against the British failed decisively. On July 2, 1776, the Continental Congress voted for independence, issuing its declaration on July 4. Sir William Howe launched a British counter-offensive, capturing New York City and leaving American morale at a low ebb. However, victories at Trenton and Princeton restored American confidence. In 1777, the British launched an invasion from Quebec under John Burgoyne, intending to isolate the New England Colonies. Instead of assisting this effort, Howe took his army on a separate campaign against Philadelphia, and Burgoyne was decisively defeated at Saratoga in October 1777. Burgoyne's defeat had drastic consequences. France formally allied with the Americans and entered the war in 1778, and Spain joined the war the following year as an ally of France but not as an ally of the United States. In 1780, the Kingdom of Mysore attacked the British in India, and tensions between Great Britain and the Netherlands erupted into open war. In North America, the British mounted a "Southern strategy" led by Charles Cornwallis which hinged upon a Loyalist uprising, but too few came forward. Cornwallis suffered reversals at King's Mountain and Cowpens. He retreated to Yorktown, Virginia, intending an evacuation, but a decisive French naval victory deprived him of an escape. A Franco-American army led by the Comte de Rochambeau and Washington then besieged Cornwallis' army and, with no sign of relief, he surrendered in October 1781. Whigs in Britain had long opposed the pro-war Tories in Parliament, and the surrender gave them the upper hand. In early 1782, Parliament voted to end all offensive operations in North America, but the war continued in Europe and India. Britain remained under siege in Gibraltar but scored a major victory over the French navy. On September 3, 1783, the belligerent parties signed the Treaty of Paris in which Great Britain agreed to recognize the sovereignty of the United States and formally end the war. French involvement had proven decisive,Brooks, Richard (editor). Atlas of World Military History. HarperCollins, 2000, p. 101 "Washington's success in keeping the army together deprived the British of victory, but French intervention won the war." but France made few gains and incurred crippling debts. Spain made some minor territorial gains but failed in its primary aim of recovering Gibraltar. The Dutch were defeated on all counts and were compelled to cede territory to Great Britain. In India, the war against Mysore and its allies concluded in 1784 without any territorial changes.
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Arent DePeyster
Arent Schuyler DePeyster (27 June 1736 – 26 November 1822) was a British military officer best known for his term as commandant of the British controlled Fort Michilimackinac and Fort Detroit during the American Revolution.
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Battle of Minden
The Battle of Minden—or Tho(r)nhausen—was a decisive engagement during the Seven Years' War, fought on 1 August 1759.
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Cahokia
The Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site (11 MS 2) is the site of a pre-Columbian Native American city (circa 1050–1350 CE) directly across the Mississippi River from modern St. Louis, Missouri.
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Casimir Pulaski
Kazimierz Michał Władysław Wiktor Pułaski of Ślepowron (Casimir Pulaski; March 4 or March 6, 1745Makarewicz, 1998 October 11, 1779) was a Polish nobleman, soldier and military commander who has been called, together with his Hungarian friend Michael Kovats de Fabriczy, "the father of the American cavalry".
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Cavalry
Cavalry (from the French cavalerie, cf. cheval 'horse') or horsemen were soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback.
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Charles Beaubien
Charles Beaubien was a French Canadian trader in the 18th century who became British Agent to the Miami Nation.
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Columbia City, Indiana
Columbia City is a city in Columbia Township, Whitley County, in the U.S. state of Indiana.
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Daughters of the American Revolution
The Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR) is a lineage-based membership service organization for women who are directly descended from a person involved in the United States' efforts towards independence.
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Eel River (Wabash River tributary)
The Eel River is a U.S. Geological Survey.
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Fort Detroit
Fort Pontchartrain du Détroit or Fort Detroit was a fort established on the west bank of the Detroit River by the French officer Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac in 1701.
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Fort Pitt (Pennsylvania)
Fort Pitt was a fort built by British colonists during the Seven Years' War at the confluence of the Monongahela and Allegheny rivers, where the Ohio River is formed in western Pennsylvania (modern day Pittsburgh).
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Fort St. Joseph (Niles, Michigan)
Fort Saint Joseph was a fort established on land granted to the Jesuits by King Louis XIV; it was located on what is now the south side of the present-day town of Niles, Michigan.
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Fort Wayne, Indiana
Fort Wayne is a city in the U.S. state of Indiana and the seat of Allen County, United States.
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Forts of Vincennes, Indiana
During the 18th and 19th centuries, the French, British and American nations built and occupied a number of forts at Vincennes, Indiana.
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France
France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.
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Francisco Cruzat
Francisco Zavier Cruzat (also François Cruzat or Don Francisco Cruzat) was a Spanish soldier who served as lieutenant governor of Upper Louisiana in New Spain (also known as the "lieutenant governor of St. Louis") from 1775-1778 and again from 1780-1787.
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French Alps
The French Alps are the portions of the Alps mountain range that stand within France, located in the Rhône-Alpes and Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur regions.
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French Canadians
French Canadians (also referred to as Franco-Canadians or Canadiens; Canadien(ne)s français(es)) are an ethnic group who trace their ancestry to French colonists who settled in Canada from the 17th century onward.
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Gendarme (historical)
A gendarme was a heavy cavalryman of noble birth, primarily serving in the French army from the Late Medieval to the Early Modern periods of European history.
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George Rogers Clark
George Rogers Clark (November 19, 1752 – February 13, 1818) was an American surveyor, soldier, and militia officer from Virginia who became the highest ranking American military officer on the northwestern frontier during the American Revolutionary War.
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George Washington
George Washington (February 22, 1732 –, 1799), known as the "Father of His Country," was an American soldier and statesman who served from 1789 to 1797 as the first President of the United States.
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Harmar Campaign
The Harmar Campaign was an attempt by the United States, in the fall of 1790, to subdue Native Americans in the Northwest Territory who were seeking to expel American settlers they saw as interlopers in their territory.
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Jay Treaty
The Treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation, Between His Britannic Majesty and the United States of America, commonly known as the Jay Treaty, and also as Jay's Treaty, was a 1795 treaty between the United States and Great Britain that averted war, resolved issues remaining since the Treaty of Paris of 1783 (which ended the American Revolutionary War), and facilitated ten years of peaceful trade between the United States and Britain in the midst of the French Revolutionary Wars, which began in 1792.
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Kaskaskia
The Kaskaskia were one of the indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands.
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Kekionga
Kekionga (meaning "blackberry bush") also known as KiskakonCharles R. Poinsatte, Fort Wayne During the Canal Era 1828-1855, Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Bureau, 1969, p. 1 or Pacan's Village, was the capital of the Miami tribe.
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Little Turtle
Little Turtle, or Mihšihkinaahkwa (in Miami-Illinois) (1747July 14, 1812), was a chief of the Miami people, and one of the most famous Native American military leaders of his time.
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Messiah
In Abrahamic religions, the messiah or messias is a saviour or liberator of a group of people.
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Miami people
The Miami (Miami-Illinois: Myaamiaki) are a Native American nation originally speaking one of the Algonquian languages.
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Ouiatenon
Ouiatenon (waayaahtanonki) was a dwelling place of members of the Wea tribe of Native Americans.
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Saint-Antoine-l'Abbaye
Saint-Antoine-l'Abbaye, also Saint-Antoine-en-Viennois, is a commune in the Isère department in southeastern France.
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Seven Years' War
The Seven Years' War was a global conflict fought between 1756 and 1763.
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Sons of the American Revolution
The National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution (SAR or NSSAR) is an American congressionally chartered organization, founded in 1889, and headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky.
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Tanning (leather)
Tanned leather in Marrakesh Tanning is the process of treating skins and hides of animals to produce leather.
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United States
The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.
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Vincennes
Vincennes is a commune in the Val-de-Marne department in the eastern suburbs of Paris, France.
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Wabash River
The Wabash River (French: Ouabache) is a U.S. Geological Survey.
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War of 1812
The War of 1812 was a conflict fought between the United States, the United Kingdom, and their respective allies from June 1812 to February 1815.
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West Lafayette, Indiana
West Lafayette is a city in Wabash Township, Tippecanoe County, Indiana, United States, about northwest of the state capital of Indianapolis and southeast of Chicago.
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William Hayden English
William Hayden English (August 27, 1822 – February 7, 1896) was an American congressman from Indiana and the Democratic nominee for vice president in 1880.
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Redirects here:
August de la Balme, Augustin de la Balme, Augustin de la balme, Augustin de le Balme, La Balme's Defeat.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augustin_de_La_Balme
