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47 relations: Acid, Aqueous solution, British Library, Calcium, Chelation, Collagen, Conservation-restoration of cultural heritage, Distortion, Fragmentarium, Friability, Gelatin, Goldbeater's skin, Gore-Tex, Harvard University, Hydrochloric acid, Hygroscopy, Illuminated manuscript, Infrared, Ink, Iron gall ink, Ivan Blinov, Light, Magnesium, Methyl cellulose, Microscope, Molecular vibration, Nylon, Orpiment, Ozone, Parchment, Particle-induced X-ray emission, Paul N. Banks, Peter Waters, Pigment, Poly(methyl methacrylate), Preservation (library and archival science), Raman spectroscopy, Relative humidity, Roger Powell (bookbinder), Sodium hydroxide, Stanford University, Ultramarine, Ultraviolet, Vatican Library, Verdigris, X-ray fluorescence, Yale University.
Acid
An acid is a molecule or ion capable of donating a hydron (proton or hydrogen ion H+), or, alternatively, capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron pair (a Lewis acid).
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Aqueous solution
An aqueous solution is a solution in which the solvent is water.
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British Library
The British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom and the largest national library in the world by number of items catalogued.
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Calcium
Calcium is a chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20.
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Chelation
Chelation is a type of bonding of ions and molecules to metal ions.
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Collagen
Collagen is the main structural protein in the extracellular space in the various connective tissues in animal bodies.
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Conservation-restoration of cultural heritage
The conservation-restoration of cultural heritage focuses on protection and care of tangible cultural heritage, including artworks, architecture, archaeology, and museum collections.
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Distortion
Distortion is the alteration of the original shape (or other characteristic) of something.
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Fragmentarium
Fragmentarium (Digital Research Laboratory for Medieval Manuscript Fragments) is an online database to collect and collate fragments of medieval manuscripts making them available to researchers, collectors and historians worldwide.
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Friability
Friability, the condition of being friable, describes the tendency of a solid substance to break into smaller pieces under duress or contact, especially by rubbing.
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Gelatin
Gelatin or gelatine (from gelatus meaning "stiff", "frozen") is a translucent, colorless, brittle (when dry), flavorless food derived from collagen obtained from various animal body parts.
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Goldbeater's skin
Goldbeater's skin is the processed outer membrane of the intestine of an animal, typically an ox, valued for its strength against tearing.
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Gore-Tex
Gore-Tex is a waterproof, breathable fabric membrane and registered trademark of W. L. Gore and Associates.
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Harvard University
Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
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Hydrochloric acid
Hydrochloric acid is a colorless inorganic chemical system with the formula.
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Hygroscopy
Hygroscopy is the phenomenon of attracting and holding water molecules from the surrounding environment, which is usually at normal or room temperature.
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Illuminated manuscript
An illuminated manuscript is a manuscript in which the text is supplemented with such decoration as initials, borders (marginalia) and miniature illustrations.
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Infrared
Infrared radiation (IR) is electromagnetic radiation (EMR) with longer wavelengths than those of visible light, and is therefore generally invisible to the human eye (although IR at wavelengths up to 1050 nm from specially pulsed lasers can be seen by humans under certain conditions). It is sometimes called infrared light.
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Ink
Ink is a liquid or paste that contains pigments or dyes and is used to color a surface to produce an image, text, or design.
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Iron gall ink
Iron gall ink (also known as iron gall nut ink, oak gall ink, and common ink) is a purple-black or brown-black ink made from iron salts and tannic acids from vegetable sources.
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Ivan Blinov
Ivan Gavrilovich Blinov (Иван Гаврилович Блинов; November 5 (O.S.)/18 (N.S.), 1872 in Kudashikha, Bolshepesoshninskaya Volost, Balakhninsky Uyezd, Nizhny Novgorod Governorate, Russian Empire – June 8, 1944, ibidem, Gorodetsky District, Gorky Oblast, USSR) was an outstanding Russian calligrapher and miniaturist, bookmaking master, who worked in the traditional manner.
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Light
Light is electromagnetic radiation within a certain portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.
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Magnesium
Magnesium is a chemical element with symbol Mg and atomic number 12.
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Methyl cellulose
Methyl cellulose (or methylcellulose) is a chemical compound derived from cellulose.
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Microscope
A microscope (from the μικρός, mikrós, "small" and σκοπεῖν, skopeîn, "to look" or "see") is an instrument used to see objects that are too small to be seen by the naked eye.
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Molecular vibration
A molecular vibration occurs when atoms in a molecule are in periodic motion while the molecule as a whole has constant translational and rotational motion.
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Nylon
Nylon is a generic designation for a family of synthetic polymers, based on aliphatic or semi-aromatic polyamides.
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Orpiment
Orpiment is a deep orange-yellow colored arsenic sulfide mineral with formula.
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Ozone
Ozone, or trioxygen, is an inorganic molecule with the chemical formula.
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Parchment
Parchment is a writing material made from specially prepared untanned skins of animals—primarily sheep, calves, and goats.
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Particle-induced X-ray emission
Particle-induced X-ray emission or proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) is a technique used in the determining of the elemental make-up of a material or sample.
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Paul N. Banks
Paul Banks (April 15, 1934 – May 10, 2000) was Conservator and Head of the Conservation Department and Laboratory at the Newberry Library from 1964 to 1981.
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Peter Waters
Peter Waters (1930–2003), a former Conservation Officer at the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C., United States, worked in the areas of disaster recovery and preparedness, and the salvage of water-damaged paper goods.
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Pigment
A pigment is a material that changes the color of reflected or transmitted light as the result of wavelength-selective absorption.
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Poly(methyl methacrylate)
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), also known as acrylic or acrylic glass as well as by the trade names Crylux, Plexiglas, Acrylite, Lucite, and Perspex among several others (see below), is a transparent thermoplastic often used in sheet form as a lightweight or shatter-resistant alternative to glass.
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Preservation (library and archival science)
Preservation refers to the set of activities that aims to prolong the life of a record with as little changes to the original record as possible.
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Raman spectroscopy
Raman spectroscopy (named after Indian physicist Sir C. V. Raman) is a spectroscopic technique used to observe vibrational, rotational, and other low-frequency modes in a system.
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Relative humidity
Relative humidity (RH) is the ratio of the partial pressure of water vapor to the equilibrium vapor pressure of water at a given temperature.
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Roger Powell (bookbinder)
Roger Powell (17 May 1896 – 16 October 1990) was an English bookbinder.
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Sodium hydroxide
Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye, is an inorganic compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white solid ionic compound consisting of sodium cations and hydroxide anions. Sodium hydroxide is a highly caustic base and alkali that decomposes proteins at ordinary ambient temperatures and may cause severe chemical burns. It is highly soluble in water, and readily absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide from the air. It forms a series of hydrates NaOH·n. The monohydrate NaOH· crystallizes from water solutions between 12.3 and 61.8 °C. The commercially available "sodium hydroxide" is often this monohydrate, and published data may refer to it instead of the anhydrous compound. As one of the simplest hydroxides, it is frequently utilized alongside neutral water and acidic hydrochloric acid to demonstrate the pH scale to chemistry students. Sodium hydroxide is used in many industries: in the manufacture of pulp and paper, textiles, drinking water, soaps and detergents, and as a drain cleaner. Worldwide production in 2004 was approximately 60 million tonnes, while demand was 51 million tonnes.
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Stanford University
Stanford University (officially Leland Stanford Junior University, colloquially the Farm) is a private research university in Stanford, California.
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Ultramarine
Ultramarine is a deep blue color and a pigment which was originally made by grinding lapis lazuli into a powder.
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Ultraviolet
Ultraviolet (UV) is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 10 nm to 400 nm, shorter than that of visible light but longer than X-rays.
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Vatican Library
The Vatican Apostolic Library (Bibliotheca Apostolica Vaticana), more commonly called the Vatican Library or simply the Vat, is the library of the Holy See, located in Vatican City.
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Verdigris
Verdigris is the common name for a green pigment obtained through the application of acetic acid to copper plates or the natural patina formed when copper, brass or bronze is weathered and exposed to air or seawater over a period of time.
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X-ray fluorescence
X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is the emission of characteristic "secondary" (or fluorescent) X-rays from a material that has been excited by bombarding with high-energy X-rays or gamma rays.
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Yale University
Yale University is an American private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_illuminated_manuscripts
