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48 relations: Arkady Migdal, Astrophysics, Boojum (superfluidity), Bose–Einstein condensate, Boson, Condensed matter physics, Cooper pair, Cryogenics, Electron pair, Fermion, Fluid, Gravity, Helium, Helium-3, Helium-4, Isotope, Isotopes of lithium, Isotopes of rubidium, John F. Allen, Kinetic energy, Lene Hau, Lev Landau, Liquid helium, Macroscopic quantum phenomena, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Neutron star, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nucleon, Particle physics, Pyotr Kapitsa, Quantum gravity, Quantum hydrodynamics, Quantum mechanics, Quantum vortex, Scientific American, Slow light, Soliton, Standard Model, Superconductivity, Superfluid vacuum theory, Supersolid, Taylor & Francis, Theoretical physics, Two-dimensional gas, Vacuum, Viscosity, Vortex, Wolfgang Ketterle.
Arkady Migdal
Arkady Beynusovich (Benediktovich) Migdal (Арка́дий Бе́йнусович (Бенеди́ктович) Мигда́л; Lida, Russian Empire, 11 March 1911 – Princeton, United States, 9 February 1991) was a Soviet physicist and member of the USSR Academy of Sciences.
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Astrophysics
Astrophysics is the branch of astronomy that employs the principles of physics and chemistry "to ascertain the nature of the astronomical objects, rather than their positions or motions in space".
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Boojum (superfluidity)
In the physics of superfluidity, a boojum is a geometric pattern on the surface of one of the phases of superfluid helium-3, whose motion can result in the decay of a supercurrent.
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Bose–Einstein condensate
A Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is a state of matter of a dilute gas of bosons cooled to temperatures very close to absolute zero.
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Boson
In quantum mechanics, a boson is a particle that follows Bose–Einstein statistics.
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Condensed matter physics
Condensed matter physics is the field of physics that deals with the macroscopic and microscopic physical properties of matter.
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Cooper pair
In condensed matter physics, a Cooper pair or BCS pair is a pair of electrons (or other fermions) bound together at low temperatures in a certain manner first described in 1956 by American physicist Leon Cooper.
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Cryogenics
In physics, cryogenics is the production and behaviour of materials at very low temperatures.
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Electron pair
In chemistry, an electron pair or a Lewis pair consists of two electrons that occupy the same molecular orbital but have opposite spins.
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Fermion
In particle physics, a fermion is a particle that follows Fermi–Dirac statistics.
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Fluid
In physics, a fluid is a substance that continually deforms (flows) under an applied shear stress.
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Gravity
Gravity, or gravitation, is a natural phenomenon by which all things with mass or energy—including planets, stars, galaxies, and even light—are brought toward (or gravitate toward) one another.
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Helium
Helium (from lit) is a chemical element with symbol He and atomic number 2.
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Helium-3
Helium-3 (He-3, also written as 3He, see also helion) is a light, non-radioactive isotope of helium with two protons and one neutron (common helium having two protons and two neutrons).
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Helium-4
Helium-4 is a non-radioactive isotope of the element helium.
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Isotope
Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element which differ in neutron number.
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Isotopes of lithium
Naturally occurring lithium (3Li) is composed of two stable isotopes, lithium-6 and lithium-7, with the latter being far more abundant: about 92.5 percent of the atoms.
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Isotopes of rubidium
Rubidium (37Rb) has 32 isotopes, with naturally occurring rubidium being composed of just two isotopes; 85Rb (72.2%) and the radioactive 87Rb (27.8%).
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John F. Allen
John Frank 'Jack' Allen, FRS FRSE (May 5, 1908 – April 22, 2001) was a Canadian-born physicist.
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Kinetic energy
In physics, the kinetic energy of an object is the energy that it possesses due to its motion.
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Lene Hau
Lene Vestergaard Hau (born November 13, 1959 in Vejle, Denmark) is a Danish physicist with a PhD from Aarhus University.
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Lev Landau
Lev Davidovich Landau (22 January 1908 - April 1968) was a Soviet physicist who made fundamental contributions to many areas of theoretical physics.
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Liquid helium
At standard pressure, the chemical element helium exists in a liquid form only at the extremely low temperature of −270 °C (about 4 K or −452.2 °F).
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Macroscopic quantum phenomena
Macroscopic quantum phenomena refer to processes showing quantum behavior at the macroscopic scale, rather than at the atomic scale where quantum effects are prevalent.
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.
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Neutron star
A neutron star is the collapsed core of a large star which before collapse had a total of between 10 and 29 solar masses.
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Nobel Prize in Physics
The Nobel Prize in Physics (Nobelpriset i fysik) is a yearly award given by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for those who conferred the most outstanding contributions for mankind in the field of physics.
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Nucleon
In chemistry and physics, a nucleon is either a proton or a neutron, considered in its role as a component of an atomic nucleus.
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Particle physics
Particle physics (also high energy physics) is the branch of physics that studies the nature of the particles that constitute matter and radiation.
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Pyotr Kapitsa
Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa or Peter Kapitza (Russian: Пётр Леони́дович Капи́ца, Romanian: Petre Capiţa (– 8 April 1984) was a leading Soviet physicist and Nobel laureate, best known for his work in low-temperature physics.
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Quantum gravity
Quantum gravity (QG) is a field of theoretical physics that seeks to describe gravity according to the principles of quantum mechanics, and where quantum effects cannot be ignored, such as near compact astrophysical objects where the effects of gravity are strong.
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Quantum hydrodynamics
Quantum hydrodynamics is most generally the study of hydrodynamic systems which demonstrate behavior implicit in quantum subsystems (usually quantum tunnelling).
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Quantum mechanics
Quantum mechanics (QM; also known as quantum physics, quantum theory, the wave mechanical model, or matrix mechanics), including quantum field theory, is a fundamental theory in physics which describes nature at the smallest scales of energy levels of atoms and subatomic particles.
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Quantum vortex
In physics, a quantum vortex represents a quantized flux circulation of some physical quantity.
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Scientific American
Scientific American (informally abbreviated SciAm) is an American popular science magazine.
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Slow light
Slow light is the propagation of an optical pulse or other modulation of an optical carrier at a very low group velocity.
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Soliton
In mathematics and physics, a soliton is a self-reinforcing solitary wave packet that maintains its shape while it propagates at a constant velocity.
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Standard Model
The Standard Model of particle physics is the theory describing three of the four known fundamental forces (the electromagnetic, weak, and strong interactions, and not including the gravitational force) in the universe, as well as classifying all known elementary particles.
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Superconductivity
Superconductivity is a phenomenon of exactly zero electrical resistance and expulsion of magnetic flux fields occurring in certain materials, called superconductors, when cooled below a characteristic critical temperature.
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Superfluid vacuum theory
Superfluid vacuum theory (SVT), sometimes known as the BEC vacuum theory, is an approach in theoretical physics and quantum mechanics where the fundamental physical vacuum (non-removable background) is viewed as superfluid or as a Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC).
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Supersolid
A supersolid is a spatially ordered material with superfluid properties.
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Taylor & Francis
Taylor & Francis Group is an international company originating in England that publishes books and academic journals.
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Theoretical physics
Theoretical physics is a branch of physics that employs mathematical models and abstractions of physical objects and systems to rationalize, explain and predict natural phenomena.
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Two-dimensional gas
A two-dimensional gas is a collection of objects constrained to move in a planar or other two-dimensional space in a gaseous state.
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Vacuum
Vacuum is space devoid of matter.
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Viscosity
The viscosity of a fluid is the measure of its resistance to gradual deformation by shear stress or tensile stress.
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Vortex
In fluid dynamics, a vortex (plural vortices/vortexes) is a region in a fluid in which the flow revolves around an axis line, which may be straight or curved.
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Wolfgang Ketterle
Wolfgang Ketterle (born 21 October 1957) is a German physicist and professor of physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superfluidity
