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74 relations: Ancient Chinese coinage, Ancient Chinese states, Battle of Changping, Battle of Guiling, Beidi, Book of Documents, Capital punishment, Chariots in ancient China, Chinese astronomy, Chinese constellations, Chinese folk religion, Chu (state), Confucianism, Dai (Spring and Autumn period), Dai (Warring States period), Emperor Gaozu of Han, Former Zhao, Girl (Chinese constellation), Gongsun Long, Grand chancellor (China), Han (state), Han dynasty, Handan, Heavenly Market enclosure, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Jin (Chinese state), King Daoxiang of Zhao, King Huiwen of Zhao, King Jia of Dai, King Wuling of Zhao, King Xiaocheng of Zhao, King Youmiu, Lambda Herculis, Later Zhao, Legalism (Chinese philosophy), Li Mu, Lian Po, Marquess Cheng of Zhao, Marquess Jing of Zhao, Marquess Lie of Zhao, Marquess Su of Zhao, Marquess Xian of Zhao, Partition of Jin, Qi (state), Qin (state), Qin Shi Huang, Rebellion of the Seven States, School of Names, Seal script, ..., Second Emperor of Qin, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Shen Dao, Sixteen Kingdoms, Spade money, Taiyuan, Veneration of the dead, Wang Jian (Qin), Warring States period, Wei (state), Wu Qi, Wuzi, Xiongnu, Xun Kuang, Yan (state), Yu Gong, Yu the Great, Zhao Cui, Zhao Dun (Spring and Autumn), Zhao She, Zhao Shuo, Zhao Wu, Zhongshan (state). Expand index (24 more) »
Ancient Chinese coinage
Ancient Chinese coinage includes some of the earliest known coins.
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Ancient Chinese states
Ancient Chinese States were typified by variously sized city states and territories that existed in China prior to its unification by Qin Shi Huang in 221 BCE.
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Battle of Changping
The Battle of Changping (長平之戰) was a military campaign that took place during the Warring States period in ancient China.
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Battle of Guiling
The Battle of Guìlíng (桂陵之戰) was fought between the states of Qí and Wei in the Warring States period of Chinese history.
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Beidi
The Beidi, Northern Di, or Northern Barbarians were various ethnic groups who lived north of the Chinese (Huaxia) realms during the Zhou dynasty.
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Book of Documents
The Book of Documents (Shujing, earlier Shu-king) or Classic of History, also known as the Shangshu ("Esteemed Documents"), is one of the Five Classics of ancient Chinese literature.
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Capital punishment
Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is a government-sanctioned practice whereby a person is put to death by the state as a punishment for a crime.
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Chariots in ancient China
The ancient Chinese chariot was used as an attack and pursuit vehicle on the open fields and plains of Ancient China from around 1200 BCE.
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Chinese astronomy
Astronomy in China has a long history, beginning from the Shang Dynasty (Chinese Bronze Age).
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Chinese constellations
Traditional Chinese astronomy has a system of dividing the celestial sphere into asterisms or constellations, known as "officials" (Chinese xīng guān).
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Chinese folk religion
Chinese folk religion (Chinese popular religion) or Han folk religion is the religious tradition of the Han people, including veneration of forces of nature and ancestors, exorcism of harmful forces, and a belief in the rational order of nature which can be influenced by human beings and their rulers as well as spirits and gods.
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Chu (state)
Chu (Old Chinese: *s-r̥aʔ) was a hegemonic, Zhou dynasty era state.
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Confucianism
Confucianism, also known as Ruism, is described as tradition, a philosophy, a religion, a humanistic or rationalistic religion, a way of governing, or simply a way of life.
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Dai (Spring and Autumn period)
Dai was a state which existed in northern Hebei during the Spring and Autumn Period of Chinese history.
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Dai (Warring States period)
Dai was a short-lived state from 228 BC to 222 BC.
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Emperor Gaozu of Han
Emperor Gaozu of Han (256 BC – 1 June 195 BC), born Liu Bang (刘邦), was the founder and first emperor of the Han dynasty, reigning from 202 – 195 BC.
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Former Zhao
The Han Zhao (304–329), or Former Zhao, or Northern Han (北漢), was a Southern Xiongnu state during Sixteen Kingdoms period coeval with the Chinese Jin Dynasty (265-420).
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Girl (Chinese constellation)
The Girl mansion (女宿, pinyin: Nǚ Xiù) is one of the Twenty-eight mansions of the Chinese constellations.
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Gongsun Long
Gongsun Long (BC) was a member of the School of Names (Logicians) of ancient Chinese philosophy.
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Grand chancellor (China)
The grand chancellor, also translated as counselor-in-chief, chancellor, chief councillor, chief minister, imperial chancellor, lieutenant chancellor and prime minister, was the highest-ranking executive official in the imperial Chinese government.
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Han (state)
Han (Old Chinese: *) was an ancient Chinese state during the Warring States period of ancient China, located in modern-day Shanxi and Henan.
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Han dynasty
The Han dynasty was the second imperial dynasty of China (206 BC–220 AD), preceded by the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC) and succeeded by the Three Kingdoms period (220–280 AD). Spanning over four centuries, the Han period is considered a golden age in Chinese history. To this day, China's majority ethnic group refers to themselves as the "Han Chinese" and the Chinese script is referred to as "Han characters". It was founded by the rebel leader Liu Bang, known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu of Han, and briefly interrupted by the Xin dynasty (9–23 AD) of the former regent Wang Mang. This interregnum separates the Han dynasty into two periods: the Western Han or Former Han (206 BC–9 AD) and the Eastern Han or Later Han (25–220 AD). The emperor was at the pinnacle of Han society. He presided over the Han government but shared power with both the nobility and appointed ministers who came largely from the scholarly gentry class. The Han Empire was divided into areas directly controlled by the central government using an innovation inherited from the Qin known as commanderies, and a number of semi-autonomous kingdoms. These kingdoms gradually lost all vestiges of their independence, particularly following the Rebellion of the Seven States. From the reign of Emperor Wu (r. 141–87 BC) onward, the Chinese court officially sponsored Confucianism in education and court politics, synthesized with the cosmology of later scholars such as Dong Zhongshu. This policy endured until the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911 AD. The Han dynasty saw an age of economic prosperity and witnessed a significant growth of the money economy first established during the Zhou dynasty (c. 1050–256 BC). The coinage issued by the central government mint in 119 BC remained the standard coinage of China until the Tang dynasty (618–907 AD). The period saw a number of limited institutional innovations. To finance its military campaigns and the settlement of newly conquered frontier territories, the Han government nationalized the private salt and iron industries in 117 BC, but these government monopolies were repealed during the Eastern Han dynasty. Science and technology during the Han period saw significant advances, including the process of papermaking, the nautical steering ship rudder, the use of negative numbers in mathematics, the raised-relief map, the hydraulic-powered armillary sphere for astronomy, and a seismometer for measuring earthquakes employing an inverted pendulum. The Xiongnu, a nomadic steppe confederation, defeated the Han in 200 BC and forced the Han to submit as a de facto inferior partner, but continued their raids on the Han borders. Emperor Wu launched several military campaigns against them. The ultimate Han victory in these wars eventually forced the Xiongnu to accept vassal status as Han tributaries. These campaigns expanded Han sovereignty into the Tarim Basin of Central Asia, divided the Xiongnu into two separate confederations, and helped establish the vast trade network known as the Silk Road, which reached as far as the Mediterranean world. The territories north of Han's borders were quickly overrun by the nomadic Xianbei confederation. Emperor Wu also launched successful military expeditions in the south, annexing Nanyue in 111 BC and Dian in 109 BC, and in the Korean Peninsula where the Xuantu and Lelang Commanderies were established in 108 BC. After 92 AD, the palace eunuchs increasingly involved themselves in court politics, engaging in violent power struggles between the various consort clans of the empresses and empresses dowager, causing the Han's ultimate downfall. Imperial authority was also seriously challenged by large Daoist religious societies which instigated the Yellow Turban Rebellion and the Five Pecks of Rice Rebellion. Following the death of Emperor Ling (r. 168–189 AD), the palace eunuchs suffered wholesale massacre by military officers, allowing members of the aristocracy and military governors to become warlords and divide the empire. When Cao Pi, King of Wei, usurped the throne from Emperor Xian, the Han dynasty would eventually collapse and ceased to exist.
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Handan
Handan is a prefecture-level city located in the southwestern part of Hebei province, China.
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Heavenly Market enclosure
The Heavenly Market Enclosure (天市垣, Tian Shi Yuan), is one of the San Yuan or Three enclosures.
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Hebei
Hebei (postal: Hopeh) is a province of China in the North China region.
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Inner Mongolia
Inner Mongolia, officially the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region or Nei Mongol Autonomous Region (Ѳвѳр Монголын Ѳѳртѳѳ Засах Орон in Mongolian Cyrillic), is one of the autonomous regions of China, located in the north of the country.
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Jin (Chinese state)
Jin (Old Chinese: *), originally known as Tang (唐), was a major state during the middle part of the Zhou dynasty, based near the centre of what was then China, on the lands attributed to the legendary Xia dynasty: the southern part of modern Shanxi.
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King Daoxiang of Zhao
King Daoxiang of Zhao (Traditional Chinese: 趙悼襄王) (died 236 BCE, reigned 244 BCE – 236 BCE) reigned in the State of Zhao during the Warring States period of Chinese history.
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King Huiwen of Zhao
King Huiwen of Zhao (Traditional Chinese: 趙惠文王) (born 310 BCE - died 266 BCE, reigned 298 BCE – 266 BCE) reigned in the State of Zhao during the Warring States period of Chinese history.
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King Jia of Dai
King or Prince Jia of Dai (reigned 227–223 BCE), also known as was the last ruler of the state of Zhao during the waning days of the Warring States Period of Chinese history.
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King Wuling of Zhao
King Wuling of Zhao (Traditional Chinese: 趙武靈王, Simplified Chinese: 赵武灵王) (died 295 BCE, reigned 325 BCE – 299 BCE) reigned in the State of Zhao during the Warring States period of Chinese history.
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King Xiaocheng of Zhao
King Xiaocheng of Zhao (reigned 265 – died 245 BCE) was a king of the State of Zhao during the Warring States period of ancient Chinese.
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King Youmiu
King Youmiu of Zhao (reigned 235–228 BCE), personal name Zhao Qian, was the penultimate ruler of the state of Zhao during the waning days of the Warring States period of ancient China, although his successor King Jia of Dai only presided over a rump state in Zhao's far north.
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Lambda Herculis
Lambda Herculis (λ Herculis. abbreviated Lambda Her, λ Her), also named Maasym, is a star in the constellation of Hercules.
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Later Zhao
The Later Zhao (319-351) was a state of the Sixteen Kingdoms during the Jin Dynasty (265-420) in China.
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Legalism (Chinese philosophy)
Fajia or Legalism is one of Sima Tan's six classical schools of thought in Chinese philosophy.
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Li Mu
Li Mu (died 229 BC) was a general of the Zhao state during the Warring States period of Chinese history.
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Lian Po
Lian Po (third century BC) was a military general of the Zhao state in the Warring States period of Chinese history.
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Marquess Cheng of Zhao
Marquess Cheng of Zhao (?–350 BCE) was a ruler of the State of Zhao during the Warring States Period of Chinese history (475–220 BCE).
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Marquess Jing of Zhao
Marquess Jing of Zhao (c. 410-375 BCE) was a ruler of the State of Zhao during the Warring States period of Chinese history (475-220 BCE).
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Marquess Lie of Zhao
Marquess Lie of Zhao (?-400 BCE) was a ruler of the State of Zhao during the Warring States period of Chinese history (475-220 BCE).
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Marquess Su of Zhao
Marquess Su of Zhao (Traditional Chinese: 趙肅侯) (died 326 BCE, reigned 349 BCE – 326 BCE) reigned in the State of Zhao during the early Warring States period of Chinese history.
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Marquess Xian of Zhao
Marquess Xian of Zhao (died 409 BC) or Zhao Xianzi was a leader of the State of Zhao during the Warring States period (475-220 BC) of ancient China.
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Partition of Jin
The Partition of Jin, the watershed between the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, refers to the division of the State of Jin between rival families into the three states of Han, Zhao and Wei.
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Qi (state)
Qi was a state of the Zhou dynasty-era in ancient China, variously reckoned as a march, duchy, and independent kingdom.
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Qin (state)
Qin (Old Chinese: *) was an ancient Chinese state during the Zhou dynasty.
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Qin Shi Huang
Qin Shi Huang (18 February 25910 September 210) was the founder of the Qin dynasty and was the first emperor of a unified China.
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Rebellion of the Seven States
The Rebellion of the Seven States or Revolt of the Seven Kingdoms took place in 154 BC against China's Han Dynasty by its regional semi-autonomous kings, to resist the emperor's attempt to centralize the government further.
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School of Names
The Logicians or School of Names was a school of Chinese philosophy that grew out of Mohism during the Warring States period in 479–221 BCE.
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Seal script
Seal script is an ancient style of writing Chinese characters that was common throughout the latter half of the 1st millennium BC.
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Second Emperor of Qin
The Second Emperor of Qin (229 – October 207 BCE) was the son of Qin Shi Huang and the second emperor of China's Qin dynasty.
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Shaanxi
Shaanxi is a province of the People's Republic of China.
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Shanxi
Shanxi (postal: Shansi) is a province of China, located in the North China region.
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Shen Dao
Shen Dao (c. 350c. 275BC) was a "Chinese Legalist" theoretician most remembered for his influence on Han Fei with regards to the concept of shi 勢 (circumstantial advantage, power, or authority), though most of his book concerns the concept of fa 法 (administrative methods & standards) more commonly shared among "Legalists".
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Sixteen Kingdoms
The Sixteen Kingdoms, less commonly the Sixteen States, was a chaotic period in Chinese history from 304 CE to 439 CE when the political order of northern China fractured into a series of short-lived sovereign states, most of which were founded by the "Five Barbarians" who had settled in northern China during the preceding centuries and participated in the overthrow of the Western Jin dynasty in the early 4th century.
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Spade money
Spade money was an early form of coin used during the Zhou dynasty of China (1045 to 256 BC).
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Taiyuan
Taiyuan (also known as Bīng (并), Jìnyáng (晋阳)) is the capital and largest city of Shanxi province in North China.
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Veneration of the dead
The veneration of the dead, including one's ancestors, is based on love and respect for the deceased.
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Wang Jian (Qin)
Wang Jian (220s BC) was a military general of the State of Qin during the Warring States period.
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Warring States period
The Warring States period was an era in ancient Chinese history of warfare, as well as bureaucratic and military reforms and consolidation, following the Spring and Autumn period and concluding with the Qin wars of conquest that saw the annexation of all other contender states, which ultimately led to the Qin state's victory in 221 BC as the first unified Chinese empire known as the Qin dynasty.
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Wei (state)
Wei (Old Chinese: *) was an ancient Chinese state during the Warring States period.
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Wu Qi
Wu Qi (440-381 BC) was a Chinese military leader, Legalist philosopher, and politician in the Warring States period.
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Wuzi
The Wuzi is a classic Chinese work on military strategy attributed to Wu Qi.
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Xiongnu
The Xiongnu were a confederation of nomadic peoples who, according to ancient Chinese sources, inhabited the eastern Asian Steppe from the 3rd century BC to the late 1st century AD.
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Xun Kuang
Xun Kuang (c. 310c. 235 BC, alt. c. 314c. 217 BC), also widely known as Xunzi ("Master Xun"), was a Chinese Confucian philosopher who lived during the Warring States period and contributed to the Hundred Schools of Thought.
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Yan (state)
Yan (Old Chinese pronunciation: *) was an ancient Chinese state during the Zhou dynasty.
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Yu Gong
The Yu Gong or Tribute of Yu is a chapter of the Book of Xia (夏書/夏书) section of the Book of Documents, one of the Five Classics of ancient Chinese literature.
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Yu the Great
Yu the Great (c. 2200 – 2100 BC) was a legendary ruler in ancient China famed for his introduction of flood control, inaugurating dynastic rule in China by establishing the Xia Dynasty, and for his upright moral character.
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Zhao Cui
Zhao Cui (died 622 BCE), posthumously known as Zhao Chengzi (Chengzi of Zhao), courtesy name Ziyu (子餘), was a dafu of Duke Wen of the Jin state during the Spring and Autumn period.
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Zhao Dun (Spring and Autumn)
Zhao Dun, posthumously known as Zhao Xuanzi, was a nobleman and minister of the State of Jin.
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Zhao She
Zhao She (趙奢) was a Chinese bureaucrat and general in the third century BC.
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Zhao Shuo
Zhao Shuo, posthumously known as Zhao Zhuangzi, was a vassal lord of the state of Jin.
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Zhao Wu
Zhao Wu, posthumously known as Zhao Wenzi, was the only son of Zhao Shuo, the lord of the Zhao clan of the State of Jin during the Spring and Autumn period in ancient China.
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Zhongshan (state)
Zhongshan was a small state that existed during the Warring States period, which managed to survive for almost 120 years despite its small size.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhao_(state)
