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119 relations: Actin, Adenoid, Adenovirus early region 1A, Adenovirus infection, Adenovirus serotype 14, Adenovirus serotype 36, Agamid adenovirus, Alternative splicing, Apoptosis, Arabian horse, Atadenovirus, Avian adenovirus, Baltimore classification, Bat adenovirus TJM, Biological life cycle, Black kite, Bleach, Bronchiolitis, Canidae, Capsid, Cattle, CD46, Cell (biology), Cell nucleus, Chemical substance, Cidofovir, Clathrin, CNN, Common cold, Conjunctivitis, Cornea, Coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor, Croup, Cystic fibrosis, DNA, DNA polymerase, DNA replication, Dog, Duck atadenovirus A, Edema, Encephalitis, Endocytosis, Endosome, Family (biology), Feces, Fiber, Gastroenteritis, Gene, Gene therapy, Genome, ..., Genus, Goat, Hemorrhagic cystitis, Hepatitis, Hepatotoxicity, Histone, Horse, Host (biology), Ichtadenovirus, Immunodeficiency, Infectious canine hepatitis, Integrin, Integrin alpha V, Interferon, Kennel cough, Lesser Asiatic yellow bat, Lysis, Major histocompatibility complex, Mastadenovirus, MHC class I, Microtubule, Mouse-eared bat, Nanometre, Neoplasm, Nuclear pore, Obesity, Okazaki fragments, Oncolytic adenovirus, Otitis media, P53, Pancreas, Paracetamol, PH, Pig, Pneumonia, Primary transcript, Primer (molecular biology), Protein, Protein domain, Recombinant DNA, Regular icosahedron, Respiratory disease, Retinoblastoma protein, Ribosome, Salivary gland, Sea lion, Self-replication, Serotype, Sheep, Siadenovirus, Sialic acid, Streptococcal pharyngitis, Targeted therapy, Titi, Tonsillitis, Transgene, Translation (biology), Transmission electron microscopy, Treeshrew, Unified atomic mass unit, Urinary tract infection, Vaccine, Vasculitis, Vertebrate, Viral envelope, Viral meningitis, Viral vector, Virus, Whooping cough. Expand index (69 more) »
Actin
Actin is a family of globular multi-functional proteins that form microfilaments.
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Adenoid
The adenoid, also known as a pharyngeal tonsil or nasopharyngeal tonsil, is the superior-most of the tonsils.
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Adenovirus early region 1A
Adenovirus early region 1A (E1a or E1A) is a gene expressed during adenovirus replication to produce a variety of (E1A) proteins.
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Adenovirus infection
Adenovirus infections most commonly cause illness of the respiratory system; however, depending on the infecting serotype, they may also cause various other illnesses and presentations.
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Adenovirus serotype 14
Adenovirus serotype 14 (Ad14) is a serovar of adenovirus which, unlike other adenovirus serovars, is known to cause potentially fatal adenovirus infections.
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Adenovirus serotype 36
Human adenovirus 36 (HAdV-36) or Ad-36 or Adv36 is one of 52 types of adenoviruses known to infect humans.
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Agamid adenovirus
Agamid adenovirus (Agamid AdV1) is a type of virus in the Adenoviridae family.
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Alternative splicing
Alternative splicing, or differential splicing, is a regulated process during gene expression that results in a single gene coding for multiple proteins.
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Apoptosis
Apoptosis (from Ancient Greek ἀπόπτωσις "falling off") is a process of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms.
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Arabian horse
The Arabian or Arab horse (الحصان العربي, DMG ḥiṣān ʿarabī) is a breed of horse that originated on the Arabian Peninsula.
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Atadenovirus
Atadenovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Adenoviridae.
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Avian adenovirus
Aviadenoviruses are adenoviruses that affect birds - particularly chickens, ducks, geese, turkeys and pheasants.
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Baltimore classification
The Baltimore classification, developed by David Baltimore, is a virus classification system that groups viruses into families, depending on their type of genome (DNA, RNA, single-stranded (ss), double-stranded (ds), etc..) and their method of replication.
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Bat adenovirus TJM
Bat adenovirus TJM (Bt-AdV-TJM) is a novel species of the Mastadenovirus genus of the family Adenoviridae.
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Biological life cycle
In biology, a biological life cycle (or just life cycle when the biological context is clear) is a series of changes in form that an organism undergoes, returning to the starting state.
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Black kite
The black kite (Milvus migrans) is a medium-sized bird of prey in the family Accipitridae, which also includes many other diurnal raptors.
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Bleach
Bleach is the generic name for any chemical product which is used industrially and domestically to whiten clothes, lighten hair color and remove stains.
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Bronchiolitis
Bronchiolitis is blockage of the small airway in the lungs due to a viral infection.
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Canidae
The biological family Canidae (from Latin, canis, “dog”) is a lineage of carnivorans that includes domestic dogs, wolves, coyotes, foxes, jackals, dingoes, and many other extant and extinct dog-like mammals.
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Capsid
A capsid is the protein shell of a virus.
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Cattle
Cattle—colloquially cows—are the most common type of large domesticated ungulates.
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CD46
CD46 complement regulatory protein also known as CD46 (cluster of differentiation 46) and Membrane Cofactor Protein is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CD46 gene.
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Cell (biology)
The cell (from Latin cella, meaning "small room") is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all known living organisms.
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Cell nucleus
In cell biology, the nucleus (pl. nuclei; from Latin nucleus or nuculeus, meaning kernel or seed) is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells.
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Chemical substance
A chemical substance, also known as a pure substance, is a form of matter that consists of molecules of the same composition and structure.
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Cidofovir
Cidofovir (brand name Vistide) is an injectable antiviral medication primarily used as a treatment for cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis (an infection of the retina of the eye) in people with AIDS.
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Clathrin
Clathrin is a protein that plays a major role in the formation of coated vesicles.
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CNN
Cable News Network (CNN) is an American basic cable and satellite television news channel and an independent subsidiary of AT&T's WarnerMedia.
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Common cold
The common cold, also known simply as a cold, is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the nose.
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Conjunctivitis
Conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, is inflammation of the outermost layer of the white part of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelid.
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Cornea
The cornea is the transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber.
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Coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor
Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CXADR gene.
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Croup
Croup, also known as laryngotracheobronchitis, is a type of respiratory infection that is usually caused by a virus.
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Cystic fibrosis
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that affects mostly the lungs, but also the pancreas, liver, kidneys, and intestine.
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DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a thread-like chain of nucleotides carrying the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses.
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DNA polymerase
DNA polymerases are enzymes that synthesize DNA molecules from deoxyribonucleotides, the building blocks of DNA.
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DNA replication
In molecular biology, DNA replication is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule.
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Dog
The domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris when considered a subspecies of the gray wolf or Canis familiaris when considered a distinct species) is a member of the genus Canis (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.
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Duck atadenovirus A
Duck atadenovirus A (formerly Duck adenovirus A) is a species of hemagglutinating adenovirus implicated in egg drop syndrome.
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Edema
Edema, also spelled oedema or œdema, is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the interstitium, located beneath the skin and in the cavities of the body, which can cause severe pain.
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Encephalitis
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain.
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Endocytosis
Endocytosis is a form of bulk transport in which a cell transports molecules (such as proteins) into the cell (endo- + cytosis) by engulfing them in an energy-using process.
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Endosome
In cell biology, an endosome is a membrane-bound compartment inside eukaryotic cells.
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Family (biology)
In biological classification, family (familia, plural familiae) is one of the eight major taxonomic ranks; it is classified between order and genus.
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Feces
Feces (or faeces) are the solid or semisolid remains of the food that could not be digested in the small intestine.
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Fiber
Fiber or fibre (see spelling differences, from the Latin fibra) is a natural or synthetic substance that is significantly longer than it is wide.
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Gastroenteritis
Gastroenteritis, also known as infectious diarrhea, is inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract -- the stomach and small intestine.
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Gene
In biology, a gene is a sequence of DNA or RNA that codes for a molecule that has a function.
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Gene therapy
In the medicine field, gene therapy (also called human gene transfer) is the therapeutic delivery of nucleic acid into a patient's cells as a drug to treat disease.
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Genome
In the fields of molecular biology and genetics, a genome is the genetic material of an organism.
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Genus
A genus (genera) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, as well as viruses, in biology.
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Goat
The domestic goat (Capra aegagrus hircus) is a subspecies of goat domesticated from the wild goat of southwest Asia and Eastern Europe.
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Hemorrhagic cystitis
Hemorrhagic cystitis or Haemorrhagic cystitis is defined by lower urinary tract symptoms that include dysuria, hematuria, and hemorrhage.
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Hepatitis
Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver tissue.
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Hepatotoxicity
Hepatotoxicity (from hepatic toxicity) implies chemical-driven liver damage.
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Histone
In biology, histones are highly alkaline proteins found in eukaryotic cell nuclei that package and order the DNA into structural units called nucleosomes.
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Horse
The horse (Equus ferus caballus) is one of two extant subspecies of ''Equus ferus''.
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Host (biology)
In biology and medicine, a host is an organism that harbours a parasitic, a mutualistic, or a commensalist guest (symbiont), the guest typically being provided with nourishment and shelter.
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Ichtadenovirus
Ichtadenovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Adenoviridae.
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Immunodeficiency
Immunodeficiency (or immune deficiency) is a state in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent.
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Infectious canine hepatitis
Infectious canine hepatitis is an acute liver infection in dogs caused by canine adenovirus type-1 (CAV-1).
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Integrin
Integrins are transmembrane receptors that facilitate cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion.
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Integrin alpha V
Integrin alpha-V is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ITGAV gene.
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Interferon
Interferons (IFNs) are a group of signaling proteins made and released by host cells in response to the presence of several pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, parasites, and also tumor cells.
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Kennel cough
Kennel cough (also known as canine infectious tracheobronchitis) is an upper respiratory infection affecting dogs.
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Lesser Asiatic yellow bat
The lesser Asiatic yellow bat (Scotophilus kuhlii) is a species of vesper bat.
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Lysis
Lysis (Greek λύσις lýsis, "a loosing" from λύειν lýein, "to unbind") refers to the breaking down of the membrane of a cell, often by viral, enzymic, or osmotic (that is, "lytic") mechanisms that compromise its integrity.
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Major histocompatibility complex
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a set of cell surface proteins essential for the acquired immune system to recognize foreign molecules in vertebrates, which in turn determines histocompatibility.
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Mastadenovirus
Mastadenovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Adenoviridae.
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MHC class I
MHC class I molecules are one of two primary classes of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules (the other being MHC class II) and are found on the cell surface of all nucleated cells in the bodies of jawed vertebrates.
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Microtubule
Microtubules are tubular polymers of tubulin that form part of the cytoskeleton that provides the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells and some bacteria with structure and shape.
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Mouse-eared bat
The mouse-eared bats (Myotis) are a diverse and widespread genus of bats within the family Vespertilionidae.
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Nanometre
The nanometre (International spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: nm) or nanometer (American spelling) is a unit of length in the metric system, equal to one billionth (short scale) of a metre (m).
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Neoplasm
Neoplasia is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of tissue.
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Nuclear pore
Nuclear pore complexes are large protein complexes that span the nuclear envelope, which is the double membrane surrounding the eukaryotic cell nucleus.
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Obesity
Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a negative effect on health.
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Okazaki fragments
Okazaki fragments are short, newly synthesized DNA fragments that are formed on the lagging template strand during DNA replication.
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Oncolytic adenovirus
Adenovirus varieties have been explored extensively as a viral vector for gene therapy and also as an oncolytic virus.
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Otitis media
Otitis media is a group of inflammatory diseases of the middle ear.
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P53
Tumor protein p53, also known as p53, cellular tumor antigen p53 (UniProt name), phosphoprotein p53, tumor suppressor p53, antigen NY-CO-13, or transformation-related protein 53 (TRP53), is any isoform of a protein encoded by homologous genes in various organisms, such as TP53 (humans) and Trp53 (mice).
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Pancreas
The pancreas is a glandular organ in the digestive system and endocrine system of vertebrates.
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Paracetamol
--> Acetanilide was the first aniline derivative serendipitously found to possess analgesic as well as antipyretic properties, and was quickly introduced into medical practice under the name of Antifebrin by A. Cahn and P. Hepp in 1886. But its unacceptable toxic effects, the most alarming being cyanosis due to methemoglobinemia, prompted the search for less toxic aniline derivatives. Harmon Northrop Morse had already synthesised paracetamol at Johns Hopkins University via the reduction of ''p''-nitrophenol with tin in glacial acetic acid in 1877, but it was not until 1887 that clinical pharmacologist Joseph von Mering tried paracetamol on humans. In 1893, von Mering published a paper reporting on the clinical results of paracetamol with phenacetin, another aniline derivative. Von Mering claimed that, unlike phenacetin, paracetamol had a slight tendency to produce methemoglobinemia. Paracetamol was then quickly discarded in favor of phenacetin. The sales of phenacetin established Bayer as a leading pharmaceutical company. Overshadowed in part by aspirin, introduced into medicine by Heinrich Dreser in 1899, phenacetin was popular for many decades, particularly in widely advertised over-the-counter "headache mixtures", usually containing phenacetin, an aminopyrine derivative of aspirin, caffeine, and sometimes a barbiturate. Paracetamol is the active metabolite of phenacetin and acetanilide, both once popular as analgesics and antipyretics in their own right. However, unlike phenacetin, acetanilide and their combinations, paracetamol is not considered carcinogenic at therapeutic doses. Von Mering's claims remained essentially unchallenged for half a century, until two teams of researchers from the United States analyzed the metabolism of acetanilide and paracetamol. In 1947 David Lester and Leon Greenberg found strong evidence that paracetamol was a major metabolite of acetanilide in human blood, and in a subsequent study they reported that large doses of paracetamol given to albino rats did not cause methemoglobinemia. In three papers published in the September 1948 issue of the Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Bernard Brodie, Julius Axelrod and Frederick Flinn confirmed using more specific methods that paracetamol was the major metabolite of acetanilide in human blood, and established that it was just as efficacious an analgesic as its precursor. They also suggested that methemoglobinemia is produced in humans mainly by another metabolite, phenylhydroxylamine. A follow-up paper by Brodie and Axelrod in 1949 established that phenacetin was also metabolised to paracetamol. This led to a "rediscovery" of paracetamol. It has been suggested that contamination of paracetamol with 4-aminophenol, the substance von Mering synthesised it from, may be the cause for his spurious findings. Paracetamol was first marketed in the United States in 1950 under the name Triagesic, a combination of paracetamol, aspirin, and caffeine. Reports in 1951 of three users stricken with the blood disease agranulocytosis led to its removal from the marketplace, and it took several years until it became clear that the disease was unconnected. Paracetamol was marketed in 1953 by Sterling-Winthrop Co. as Panadol, available only by prescription, and promoted as preferable to aspirin since it was safe for children and people with ulcers. In 1955, paracetamol was marketed as Children's Tylenol Elixir by McNeil Laboratories. In 1956, 500 mg tablets of paracetamol went on sale in the United Kingdom under the trade name Panadol, produced by Frederick Stearns & Co, a subsidiary of Sterling Drug Inc. In 1963, paracetamol was added to the British Pharmacopoeia, and has gained popularity since then as an analgesic agent with few side-effects and little interaction with other pharmaceutical agents. Concerns about paracetamol's safety delayed its widespread acceptance until the 1970s, but in the 1980s paracetamol sales exceeded those of aspirin in many countries, including the United Kingdom. This was accompanied by the commercial demise of phenacetin, blamed as the cause of analgesic nephropathy and hematological toxicity. In 1988 Sterling Winthrop was acquired by Eastman Kodak which sold the over the counter drug rights to SmithKline Beecham in 1994. Available without a prescription since 1959, it has since become a common household drug. Patents on paracetamol have long expired, and generic versions of the drug are widely available.
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PH
In chemistry, pH is a logarithmic scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.
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Pig
A pig is any of the animals in the genus Sus, within the even-toed ungulate family Suidae.
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Pneumonia
Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung affecting primarily the small air sacs known as alveoli.
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Primary transcript
A primary transcript is the single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) product synthesized by transcription of DNA, and processed to yield various mature RNA products such as mRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs.
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Primer (molecular biology)
A primer is a short strand of RNA or DNA (generally about 18-22 bases) that serves as a starting point for DNA synthesis.
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Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues.
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Protein domain
A protein domain is a conserved part of a given protein sequence and (tertiary) structure that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain.
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Recombinant DNA
Recombinant DNA (rDNA) molecules are DNA molecules formed by laboratory methods of genetic recombination (such as molecular cloning) to bring together genetic material from multiple sources, creating sequences that would not otherwise be found in the genome.
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Regular icosahedron
In geometry, a regular icosahedron is a convex polyhedron with 20 faces, 30 edges and 12 vertices.
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Respiratory disease
Respiratory disease is a medical term that encompasses pathological conditions affecting the organs and tissues that make gas exchange possible in higher organisms, and includes conditions of the upper respiratory tract, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, pleura and pleural cavity, and the nerves and muscles of breathing.
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Retinoblastoma protein
The retinoblastoma protein (protein name abbreviated pRb; gene name abbreviated RB or RB1) is a tumor suppressor protein that is dysfunctional in several major cancers.
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Ribosome
The ribosome is a complex molecular machine, found within all living cells, that serves as the site of biological protein synthesis (translation).
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Salivary gland
The salivary glands in mammals are exocrine glands that produce saliva through a system of ducts.
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Sea lion
Sea lions are sea mammals characterized by external ear flaps, long foreflippers, the ability to walk on all fours, short, thick hair, and a big chest and belly.
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Self-replication
Self-replication is any behavior of a dynamical system that yields construction of an identical copy of itself.
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Serotype
A serotype or serovar is a distinct variation within a species of bacteria or virus or among immune cells of different individuals.
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Sheep
Domestic sheep (Ovis aries) are quadrupedal, ruminant mammal typically kept as livestock.
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Siadenovirus
Siadenovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Adenoviridae.
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Sialic acid
Sialic acid is a generic term for the N- or O-substituted derivatives of neuraminic acid, a monosaccharide with a nine-carbon backbone.
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Streptococcal pharyngitis
Streptococcal pharyngitis, also known as strep throat, is an infection of the back of the throat including the tonsils caused by group A streptococcus (GAS).
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Targeted therapy
Targeted therapy or molecularly targeted therapy is one of the major modalities of medical treatment (pharmacotherapy) for cancer, others being hormonal therapy and cytotoxic chemotherapy.
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Titi
The titis, or titi monkeys, are the New World monkeys of the subfamily Callicebinae, which contains three extant genera, Cheracebus, Callicebus, and Plecturocebus. This subfamily also contains the extinct genera Xenothrix, Antillothrix, Paralouatta, Carlocebus, Lagonimico, and possibly also Tremacebus.
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Tonsillitis
Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, typically of rapid onset.
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Transgene
A transgene is a gene or genetic material that has been transferred naturally, or by any of a number of genetic engineering techniques from one organism to another.
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Translation (biology)
In molecular biology and genetics, translation is the process in which ribosomes in the cytoplasm or ER synthesize proteins after the process of transcription of DNA to RNA in the cell's nucleus.
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Transmission electron microscopy
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM, also sometimes conventional transmission electron microscopy or CTEM) is a microscopy technique in which a beam of electrons is transmitted through a specimen to form an image.
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Treeshrew
The treeshrews (or tree shrews or banxrings) are small Euarchontoglire mammals native to the tropical forests of Southeast Asia.
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Unified atomic mass unit
The unified atomic mass unit or dalton (symbol: u, or Da) is a standard unit of mass that quantifies mass on an atomic or molecular scale (atomic mass).
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Urinary tract infection
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection that affects part of the urinary tract.
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Vaccine
A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease.
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Vasculitis
Vasculitis is a group of disorders that destroy blood vessels by inflammation.
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Vertebrate
Vertebrates comprise all species of animals within the subphylum Vertebrata (chordates with backbones).
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Viral envelope
Some viruses (e.g. HIV and many animal viruses) have viral envelopes covering their protective protein capsids.
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Viral meningitis
Viral meningitis, also known as aseptic meningitis, is a type of meningitis due to a viral infection.
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Viral vector
Viral vectors are tools commonly used by molecular biologists to deliver genetic material into cells.
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Virus
A virus is a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms.
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Whooping cough
Whooping cough (also known as pertussis or 100-day cough) is a highly contagious bacterial disease.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenoviridae
