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Amazon River

Index Amazon River

The Amazon River (or; Spanish and Amazonas) in South America is the largest river by discharge volume of water in the world, and either the longest or second longest. [1]

235 relations: Actinobacteria, Agriculture, Aguarico River, Alexander von Humboldt, Alfred Russel Wallace, Allpahuayo-Mishana National Reserve, Almeirim, Pará, Alphaproteobacteria, Amacayacu National Park, Amapá, Amazônia National Park, Amazon basin, Amazon natural region, Amazon rainforest, Amazon River, Amazon river dolphin, Amazon rubber boom, Amazonas (Brazilian state), Amazonian manatee, Amazons, American Association for the Advancement of Science, Anabranch, Anaconda, Anavilhanas National Park, Ancient Greece, Andes, Animal echolocation, António Raposo Tavares, Apurímac River, Araguaia River, Araguari River (Amapá), Arapaima, Archaeology, Area (journal), Arowana, Atlantic Ocean, Óbidos, Pará, Bandeirantes, Bay, Before Present, Belém, Betaproteobacteria, Biodiversity, Boto, BR-319, Brachyplatystoma, Branco River, Brazil, Brazil nut, Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, ..., Breves, Pará, Bull shark, Cabanagem, Caiman, Candiru, Carhuasanta, Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius, Casiquiare canal, Catfish, Chambira River, Channel (geography), Charles Marie de La Condamine, Cinnamon, Coca River, Cocoa bean, Colombia, Colonization, Conquistador, Crenarchaeota, Cretaceous, Curuçá, Discharge (hydrology), Distributary, Dolphin, Draft (hull), Drainage basin, Dry season, Ecuador, El Dorado, Electric eel, Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica Online, Estuary, Feather, Floodplain, Formative stage, Francisco de Orellana, Fresh water, Freshwater fish, Freshwater swamp forest, Fur, Gammaproteobacteria, Getúlio Vargas, Giant otter, Glacial period, Gondwana, Gonzalo Pizarro, Greek mythology, Guaporé River, Guiana Shield, Gymnotiformes, Hammock, Hamza River, Henry Walter Bates, Huallaga River, Huancayo, Huancayo Province, Inca Empire, Indiana, Peru, Indigenous peoples in Brazil, International scale of river difficulty, International Union for Conservation of Nature, Iquitos, Irineu Evangelista de Sousa, Viscount of Mauá, Iriri River, Itacoatiara, Amazonas, Japurá River, Javary River, Johann Baptist von Spix, Juruá River, Juruena River, Kawahiva, La Canela, Lake Titicaca, Leticia, Amazonas, Lima, List of rivers by discharge, List of rivers by length, Lope de Aguirre, Lumber, Macapá, Madeira River, Madre de Dios River, Main stem, Malaria, Manacapuru, Manaus, Mantaro River, Marañón River, Marajó, Marajoara culture, Meeting of Waters, Metagenomics, Miocene, Mismi, Monte Alegre, Pará, Morona, Muisca Confederation, Munduruku, Nanay River, Napo River, National Geographic Society, Natural rubber, Nauta, Nazca Plate, Neotropical fish, Nhamundá River, Nile, Orinoco, Pacific Ocean, Pará, Pará River, Pardo, Parintins, Pastaza River, Pedro II of Brazil, Pedro Teixeira, Peru, Peruvian Amazonia, Piranha, Pleistocene, Pongo de Manseriche, Pororoca, Porto Velho, Potamotrygonidae, Pracuúba, Puerto Francisco de Orellana, Purus River, Putumayo River, Quito, Red-bellied piranha, Rede Globo, Resin, Rio Negro (Amazon), River bifurcation, River dolphin, Royal Geographical Society, Salinity, Samuel Fritz, Sandstone, Santarém, Pará, São Paulo, Science Advances, Sea level, Sediment, Silver arowana, Solimões River, South America, South American Plate, Spanish Empire, Spanish language, Steamboat, Tabatinga, Tambo River (Peru), Tapajós, Tectonic uplift, Tefé, Teles Pires, Terra preta, Terrace (agriculture), Tidal bore, Tigre River, Tocantins River, Trade, Trans-Amazonian Highway, Tributary, Trichomycteridae, Trombetas River, Tucuxi, Typhus, Ucayali River, University of California, University of Chicago, Universo Online, Urarina people, Urubamba River, Vaupés River, Vicente Yáñez Pinzón, Wet season, White Brazilians, World Wide Fund for Nature, Xingu River, 1930 Curuçá River event, 20th parallel south, 5th parallel north. Expand index (185 more) »

Actinobacteria

The Actinobacteria are a phylum of Gram-positive bacteria.

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Agriculture

Agriculture is the cultivation of land and breeding of animals and plants to provide food, fiber, medicinal plants and other products to sustain and enhance life.

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Aguarico River

The Aguarico River (Río Aguarico, meaning "rich water") is a river in northeastern Ecuador.

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Alexander von Humboldt

Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander von Humboldt (14 September 17696 May 1859) was a Prussian polymath, geographer, naturalist, explorer, and influential proponent of Romantic philosophy and science.

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Alfred Russel Wallace

Alfred Russel Wallace (8 January 18237 November 1913) was an English naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist, and biologist.

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Allpahuayo-Mishana National Reserve

The Allpahuayo-Mishana National Reserve (Reserva Nacional Allpahuayo-Mishana) is a protected area in Peru located southwest of Iquitos in the Loreto Region, Maynas Province.

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Almeirim, Pará

Almeirim is a city on the Amazon and the northernmost municipality in the Brazilian state of Pará.

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Alphaproteobacteria

Alphaproteobacteria is a class of bacteria in the phylum Proteobacteria (See also bacterial taxonomy).

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Amacayacu National Park

Amacayacu National Natural Park (Parque Nacional Natural Amacayacu) is a national park located along the Amazon River in the Amazonas Department in the south of Colombia.

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Amapá

Amapá is a state located in the northern region of Brazil.

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Amazônia National Park

The Amazônia National Park (Parque Nacional da Amazônia) was created in 1974, as a national park comprising 1,070,737 ha.

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Amazon basin

The Amazon basin is the part of South America drained by the Amazon River and its tributaries.

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Amazon natural region

Amazonía region in southern Colombia comprises the departments of Amazonas, Caquetá, Guainía, Guaviare, Putumayo and Vaupés, and covers an area of 403,000 km², 35% of Colombia's total territory.

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Amazon rainforest

The Amazon rainforest (Portuguese: Floresta Amazônica or Amazônia; Selva Amazónica, Amazonía or usually Amazonia; Forêt amazonienne; Amazoneregenwoud), also known in English as Amazonia or the Amazon Jungle, is a moist broadleaf forest in the Amazon biome that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America.

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Amazon River

The Amazon River (or; Spanish and Amazonas) in South America is the largest river by discharge volume of water in the world, and either the longest or second longest.

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Amazon river dolphin

The Amazon river dolphin (Inia geoffrensis), also known as the boto, bufeo or pink river dolphin, is a species of toothed whale classified in the family Iniidae.

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Amazon rubber boom

The Amazon Rubber Boom (Ciclo da borracha, 1879 to 1912) was an important part of the economic and social history of Brazil and Amazonian regions of neighboring countries, being related to the extraction and commercialization of rubber.

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Amazonas (Brazilian state)

Amazonas is a state of Brazil, located in the North Region in the northwestern corner of the country.

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Amazonian manatee

The Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis) is a species of manatee that lives in the Amazon Basin in Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, Colombia and Ecuador.

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Amazons

In Greek mythology, the Amazons (Ἀμαζόνες,, singular Ἀμαζών) were a tribe of women warriors related to Scythians and Sarmatians.

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American Association for the Advancement of Science

The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) is an American international non-profit organization with the stated goals of promoting cooperation among scientists, defending scientific freedom, encouraging scientific responsibility, and supporting scientific education and science outreach for the betterment of all humanity.

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Anabranch

An anabranch is a section of a river or stream that diverts from the main channel or stem of the watercourse and rejoins the main stem downstream.

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Anaconda

Anacondas are a group of large snakes of the genus Eunectes.

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Anavilhanas National Park

Anavilhanas National Park (Parque Nacional de Anavilhanas) is a national park that encompasses a huge river archipelago in the Rio Negro in the state of Amazonas, Brazil.

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Ancient Greece

Ancient Greece was a civilization belonging to a period of Greek history from the Greek Dark Ages of the 13th–9th centuries BC to the end of antiquity (AD 600).

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Andes

The Andes or Andean Mountains (Cordillera de los Andes) are the longest continental mountain range in the world.

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Animal echolocation

Echolocation, also called bio sonar, is the biological sonar used by several kinds of animals.

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António Raposo Tavares

António Raposo Tavares o Velho (Portuguese: the old one) (1598–1658) was a Portuguese colonial bandeirante who explored mainland eastern South America and claimed it for Portugal, extending the territory of the colony beyond the limits imposed by the treaty of Tordesillas.

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Apurímac River

The Apurímac River (Río Apurímac,; from Quechua apu 'divinity' and rimaq 'oracle, talker') rises from glacial meltwater of the ridge of the Mismi, a mountain in the Arequipa Province in the south-western mountain ranges of Peru, from the village Caylloma, and less than from the Pacific coast.

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Araguaia River

The Araguaia River (Rio Araguaia) is one of the major rivers of Brazil, though it is almost equal in volume at its confluence with the Tocantins.

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Araguari River (Amapá)

The Araguari River (Rio Araguari River) is the primary river of Amapá state in north-eastern Brazil.

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Arapaima

The arapaima, pirarucu, or paiche are any large species of bonytongue in the genus Arapaima native to the Amazon and Essequibo basins of South America.

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Archaeology

Archaeology, or archeology, is the study of humanactivity through the recovery and analysis of material culture.

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Area (journal)

Area is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Royal Geographical Society.

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Arowana

Arowanas are freshwater bony fish of the family Osteoglossidae, also known as bonytongues (the latter name is now often reserved for Arapaimidae).

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Atlantic Ocean

The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's oceans with a total area of about.

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Óbidos, Pará

Óbidos is a municipality in Pará, Brazil located at the narrowest and swiftest part of the Amazon River.

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Bandeirantes

The Bandeirantes were 17th-century Portuguese settlers in Brazil and fortune hunters.

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Bay

A bay is a recessed, coastal body of water that directly connects to a larger main body of water, such as an ocean, a lake, or another bay.

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Before Present

Before Present (BP) years is a time scale used mainly in geology and other scientific disciplines to specify when events occurred in the past.

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Belém

Belém (Portuguese for Bethlehem), is a Brazilian city, the capital and largest city of the state of Pará in the country's north.

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Betaproteobacteria

Betaproteobacteria are a class of gram-negative bacteria, and one of the eight classes of the phylum Proteobacteria.

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Biodiversity

Biodiversity, a portmanteau of biological (life) and diversity, generally refers to the variety and variability of life on Earth.

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Boto

Boto is a Portuguese name given to several types of dolphins and river dolphins native to the Amazon and the Orinoco River tributaries.

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BR-319

BR-319 is an federal highway that links Manaus, Amazonas to Porto Velho, Rondônia.

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Brachyplatystoma

Brachyplatystoma is a genus of catfish from the family Pimelodidae.

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Branco River

The Branco River (Rio Branco; Engl: White River) is the principal affluent of the Rio Negro from the north.

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Brazil

Brazil (Brasil), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (República Federativa do Brasil), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America.

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Brazil nut

The Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa) is a South American tree in the family Lecythidaceae, and also the name of the tree's commercially harvested edible seeds.

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Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics

The Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics or IBGE (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística) is the agency responsible for official collection of statistical, geographic, cartographic, geodetic and environmental information in Brazil.

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Breves, Pará

Breves is a Brazilian municipality located in the state of Pará, on the island of Marajó.

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Bull shark

The bull shark (Carcharhinus leucas), also known as the Zambezi shark (informally "zambi") in Africa, and Lake Nicaragua shark in Nicaragua, is a requiem shark commonly found worldwide in warm, shallow waters along coasts and in rivers.

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Cabanagem

The Cabanagem (1835–1840) was a popular revolution and pro-separatist movement that occurred in the then-state of Grão-Pará, Empire of Brazil.

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Caiman

A caiman is an alligatorid crocodilian belonging to the subfamily Caimaninae, one of two primary lineages within Alligatoridae, the other being alligators.

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Candiru

Candiru (Vandellia cirrhosa), also known as cañero, toothpick fish, or vampire fish, is a species of parasitic freshwater catfish in the family Trichomycteridae native to the Amazon Basin where it is found in the countries of Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.

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Carhuasanta

Carhuasanta is a small river located in the Arequipa Region of Peru.

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Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius

Carl Friedrich Philipp (Karl Friedrich Philipp) von Martius (April 17th, 1794 – December 13th, 1868) was a German botanist and explorer.

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Casiquiare canal

The Casiquiare river is a distributary of the upper Orinoco flowing southward into the Rio Negro, in Venezuela, South America.

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Catfish

Catfish (or catfishes; order Siluriformes or Nematognathi) are a diverse group of ray-finned fish.

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Chambira River

The Chambira River is a major tributary river of the Marañón River, and has been the traditional territory of the Urarina peoples for at least the past 350 years, if not much longer.

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Channel (geography)

In physical geography, a channel is a type of landform consisting of the outline of a path of relatively shallow and narrow body of fluid, most commonly the confine of a river, river delta or strait.

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Charles Marie de La Condamine

Charles Marie de La Condamine (28 January 1701 – 4 February 1774) was a French explorer, geographer, and mathematician.

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Cinnamon

Cinnamon is a spice obtained from the inner bark of several tree species from the genus Cinnamomum.

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Coca River

The Coca River is a river in eastern Ecuador.

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Cocoa bean

The cocoa bean, also called cacao bean, cocoa, and cacao, is the dried and fully fermented seed of Theobroma cacao, from which cocoa solids and, because of the seed's fat, cocoa butter can be extracted.

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Colombia

Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a sovereign state largely situated in the northwest of South America, with territories in Central America.

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Colonization

Colonization (or colonisation) is a process by which a central system of power dominates the surrounding land and its components.

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Conquistador

Conquistadors (from Spanish or Portuguese conquistadores "conquerors") is a term used to refer to the soldiers and explorers of the Spanish Empire or the Portuguese Empire in a general sense.

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Crenarchaeota

The Crenarchaeota (Greek for "spring old quality" as specimens were originally isolated from geothermally heated sulfuric springs in Italy) (also known as Crenarchaea or eocytes) are archaea that have been classified as a phylum of the Archaea domain.

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Cretaceous

The Cretaceous is a geologic period and system that spans 79 million years from the end of the Jurassic Period million years ago (mya) to the beginning of the Paleogene Period mya.

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Curuçá

Curuçá is a municipality in the state of Pará in the Northern region of Brazil.

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Discharge (hydrology)

In hydrology, discharge is the volumetric flow rate of water that is transported through a given cross-sectional area.

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Distributary

A distributary, or a distributary channel, is a stream that branches off and flows away from a main stream channel.

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Dolphin

Dolphins are a widely distributed and diverse group of aquatic mammals.

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Draft (hull)

The draft or draught of a ship's hull is the vertical distance between the waterline and the bottom of the hull (keel), with the thickness of the hull included; in the case of not being included the draft outline would be obtained.

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Drainage basin

A drainage basin is any area of land where precipitation collects and drains off into a common outlet, such as into a river, bay, or other body of water.

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Dry season

The dry season is a yearly period of low rainfall, especially in the tropics.

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Ecuador

Ecuador (Ikwadur), officially the Republic of Ecuador (República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Ikwadur Ripuwlika), is a representative democratic republic in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west.

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El Dorado

El Dorado (Spanish for "the golden one"), originally El Hombre Dorado ("The Golden Man") or El Rey Dorado ("The Golden King"), was the term used by the Spanish Empire to describe a mythical tribal chief (zipa) of the Muisca native people of Colombia, who, as an initiation rite, covered himself with gold dust and submerged in Lake Guatavita.

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Electric eel

The electric eel (Electrophorus electricus) is a South American electric fish, and the only species in its genus.

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Encyclopædia Britannica

The Encyclopædia Britannica (Latin for "British Encyclopaedia"), published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.

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Encyclopædia Britannica Online

Encyclopædia Britannica Online is the website of Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. and its Encyclopædia Britannica, with more than 120,000 articles that are updated regularly.

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Estuary

An estuary is a partially enclosed coastal body of brackish water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea.

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Feather

Feathers are epidermal growths that form the distinctive outer covering, or plumage, on birds and other, extinct species' of dinosaurs.

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Floodplain

A floodplain or flood plain is an area of land adjacent to a stream or river which stretches from the banks of its channel to the base of the enclosing valley walls, and which experiences flooding during periods of high discharge.

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Formative stage

Several chronologies in the archaeology of the Americas include a Formative Period or Formative stage etc.

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Francisco de Orellana

Francisco de Orellana (1511 – November 1546) was a Spanish explorer and conquistador.

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Fresh water

Fresh water (or freshwater) is any naturally occurring water except seawater and brackish water.

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Freshwater fish

Freshwater fish are those that spend some or all of their lives in fresh water, such as rivers and lakes, with a salinity of less than 0.05%.

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Freshwater swamp forest

Freshwater swamp forests, or flooded forests, are forests which are inundated with freshwater, either permanently or seasonally.

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Fur

Fur is the hair covering of non-human mammals, particularly those mammals with extensive body hair that is soft and thick.

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Gammaproteobacteria

Gammaproteobacteria are a class of bacteria.

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Getúlio Vargas

Getúlio Dornelles Vargas (19 April 1882 – 24 August 1954) was a Brazilian lawyer and politician, who served as President during two periods: the first was from 1930–1945, when he served as interim president from 1930–1934, constitutional president from 1934–1937, and dictator from 1937–1945.

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Giant otter

The giant otter or giant river otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) is a South American carnivorous mammal.

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Glacial period

A glacial period (alternatively glacial or glaciation) is an interval of time (thousands of years) within an ice age that is marked by colder temperatures and glacier advances.

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Gondwana

Gondwana, or Gondwanaland, was a supercontinent that existed from the Neoproterozoic (about 550 million years ago) until the Carboniferous (about 320 million years ago).

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Gonzalo Pizarro

Gonzalo Pizarro y Alonso (1510 – April 10, 1548) was a Spanish conquistador and younger paternal half-brother of Francisco Pizarro, the conqueror of the Inca Empire.

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Greek mythology

Greek mythology is the body of myths and teachings that belong to the ancient Greeks, concerning their gods and heroes, the nature of the world, and the origins and significance of their own cult and ritual practices.

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Guaporé River

Guaporé River (Rio Guaporé) is a river in western Brazil and northeastern Bolivia.

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Guiana Shield

The Guiana Shield is one of the three cratons of the South American Plate.

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Gymnotiformes

The Gymnotiformes are a group of teleost bony fishes commonly known as the Neotropical or South American knifefish.

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Hammock

A hammock (from Spanish hamaca, borrowed from Taino and Arawak hamaka) is a sling made of fabric, rope, or netting, suspended between two or more points, used for swinging, sleeping, or resting.

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Hamza River

The Hamza River (Portuguese: Rio Hamza) is an unofficial name for what seems to be a slowly flowing aquifer in Brazil, approximately long at a depth of nearly.

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Henry Walter Bates

Henry Walter Bates (8 February 1825 in Leicester – 16 February 1892 in London) was an English naturalist and explorer who gave the first scientific account of mimicry in animals.

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Huallaga River

The Huallaga River is a tributary of the Marañón River, part of the Amazon Basin.

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Huancayo

Huancayo (in Wanka Quechua: Wankayuq, '(place) with a (sacred) rock') is the capital of Junín Region, in the central highlands of Peru.

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Huancayo Province

Huancayo Province is located in Peru.

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Inca Empire

The Inca Empire (Quechua: Tawantinsuyu, "The Four Regions"), also known as the Incan Empire and the Inka Empire, was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America, and possibly the largest empire in the world in the early 16th century.

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Indiana, Peru

Indiana is a town and the capital of the Indiana District in the Maynas Province of Peru.

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Indigenous peoples in Brazil

Indigenous peoples in Brazil (povos indígenas no Brasil), or Indigenous Brazilians (indígenas brasileiros), comprise a large number of distinct ethnic groups who have inhabited what is now the country of Brazil since prior to the European contact around 1500.

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International scale of river difficulty

The international scale of river difficulty is an American system used to rate the difficulty of navigating a stretch of river, or a single (sometimes whitewater) rapid.

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International Union for Conservation of Nature

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources.

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Iquitos

Iquitos, also known as Iquitos City, is the capital city of Peru's Maynas Province and Loreto Region.

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Irineu Evangelista de Sousa, Viscount of Mauá

Irineu Evangelista de Sousa, the Viscount of Mauá (1813–1889) was a Brazilian entrepreneur, industrialist, banker and politician.

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Iriri River

The Iriri River (Rio Iriri) is a large tributary of the Xingu River in Brazil, in the state of Pará.

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Itacoatiara, Amazonas

Itacoatiara is a municipality in the central eastern portion of state of Amazonas, inland northern Brazil.

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Japurá River

The Japurá River or Caquetá River is a river about long in the Amazon basin.

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Javary River

The Javary River, Javari River or Yavarí River (Río Yavarí; Rio Javari) is a tributary of the Amazon that forms the boundary between Brazil and Peru for more than.

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Johann Baptist von Spix

Johann Baptist Ritter von Spix (9 February 1781 – 13 March 1826) was a German biologist.

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Juruá River

The Juruá River (Portuguese Rio Juruá; Spanish Río Yurúa) is a southern affluent river of the Amazon River west of the Purus River, sharing with this the bottom of the immense inland Amazon depression, and having all the characteristics of the Purus as regards curvature, sluggishness and general features of the low, half-flooded forest country it traverses.

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Juruena River

The Juruena River (Rio Juruena) is a long river in west-central Brazil, in the state of Mato Grosso.

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Kawahiva

The Kawahiva, formerly called the Rio Pardo Indians, are an uncontacted indigenous tribe who live near the city of Colniza (Mato Grosso), close to the Rio Pardo in the north of Mato Grosso, Brazil.

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La Canela

La Canela, the Valley of Cinnamon, is a legendary location in South America.

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Lake Titicaca

Lake Titicaca (Lago Titicaca, Titiqaqa Qucha) is a large, deep lake in the Andes on the border of Bolivia and Peru.

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Leticia, Amazonas

Leticia is the southernmost city in the Republic of Colombia, capital of the department of Amazonas, Colombia's southernmost town (4.09° south 69.57° west) and one of the major ports on the Amazon river.

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Lima

Lima (Quechua:, Aymara) is the capital and the largest city of Peru.

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List of rivers by discharge

This is a list of rivers by their average discharge, that is their water flow.

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List of rivers by length

This is a list of the longest rivers on Earth.

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Lope de Aguirre

Lope de Aguirre (8 November 1510 – 27 October 1561) was a Basque Spanish conquistador who was active in South America.

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Lumber

Lumber (American English; used only in North America) or timber (used in the rest of the English speaking world) is a type of wood that has been processed into beams and planks, a stage in the process of wood production.

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Macapá

Macapá is a city in Brazil, population 397,913 (2010 census).

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Madeira River

The Madeira River (Rio Madeira) is a major waterway in South America, approximately long.

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Madre de Dios River

The Madre de Dios River, homonymous to the Peruvian region it runs through, flows into the Beni River in Bolivia, which then turns northward into Brazil, where it joins with the Mamore River to become the Madeira River.

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Main stem

In hydrology, a main stem (or trunk) is "the primary downstream segment of a river, as contrasted to its tributaries".

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Malaria

Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease affecting humans and other animals caused by parasitic protozoans (a group of single-celled microorganisms) belonging to the Plasmodium type.

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Manacapuru

Manacapuru (Munychapur) is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Amazonas.

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Manaus

Manaus or Manaós before 1939 or (formerly) Barra do Rio Negro, is the capital city of the state of Amazonas in the North Region of Brazil.

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Mantaro River

The Mantaro River (Río Mantaro, Hatunmayu) is a long river running through the central region of Peru.

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Marañón River

The Marañón River (Río Marañón) is the principal or mainstem source of the Amazon River, arising about 160 km to the northeast of Lima, Peru, and flowing through a deeply eroded Andean valley in a northwesterly direction, along the eastern base of the Cordillera of the Andes, as far as 5° 36′ southern latitude; from where it makes a great bend to the northeast, and cuts through the jungle Andes, until at the Pongo de Manseriche it flows into the flat Amazon basin.

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Marajó

Marajó is a large delta island in the state of Pará, Brazil.

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Marajoara culture

The Marajoara or Marajó culture was a pre-Columbian era society that flourished on Marajó island at the mouth of the Amazon River.

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Meeting of Waters

The Meeting of Waters (Encontro das Águas) is the confluence between the dark (blackwater) Rio Negro and the pale sandy-colored (whitewater) Amazon River or Rio Solimões, as the upper section of the Amazon is known in Brazil upriver of this confluence.

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Metagenomics

Metagenomics is the study of genetic material recovered directly from environmental samples.

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Miocene

The Miocene is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma).

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Mismi

Mismi is a mountain peak of volcanic origin in the Chila mountain range in the Andes of Peru.

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Monte Alegre, Pará

Monte Alegre, Pará is a municipality in the state of Pará in the Northern region of Brazil.

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Morona

The Morona is a tributary to the Marañón River, and flows parallel to the Pastaza River and immediately to the west of it, and is the last stream of any importance on the northern side of the Amazon before reaching the Pongo de Manseriche.

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Muisca Confederation

The Muisca Confederation was a loose confederation of different Muisca rulers (zaques, zipas, iraca and tundama) in the central Andean highlands of present-day Colombia before the Spanish conquest of northern South America.

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Munduruku

The Munduruku, also known as Mundurucu or Wuy Jugu, are an indigenous people of Brazil living in the Amazon River basin.

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Nanay River

The Nanay River is a river in northern Peru.

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Napo River

The Napo River (Río Napo) is a tributary to the Amazon River that rises in Ecuador on the flanks of the east Andean volcanoes of Antisana, Sinchulawa and Cotopaxi.

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National Geographic Society

The National Geographic Society (NGS), headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States, is one of the largest non-profit scientific and educational institutions in the world.

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Natural rubber

Natural rubber, also called India rubber or caoutchouc, as initially produced, consists of polymers of the organic compound isoprene, with minor impurities of other organic compounds, plus water.

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Nauta

Nauta is a town in the northeastern part of Loreto Province in the Peruvian Amazon, roughly 100 km south Iquitos, the provincial capital.

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Nazca Plate

The Nazca Plate, named after the Nazca region of southern Peru, is an oceanic tectonic plate in the eastern Pacific Ocean basin off the west coast of South America.

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Neotropical fish

The freshwater fishes of tropical South and Central America represent one of the most diverse and extreme aquatic ecosystems on Earth, with more than 5,600 species, representing about 10% all living vertebrate species.

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Nhamundá River

Nhamundá River or Jamundá River (Yamundá River in Spanish) is a river in northern Brazil, which marks part of the northeastern boundary between states of Amazonas and Pará.

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Nile

The Nile River (النيل, Egyptian Arabic en-Nīl, Standard Arabic an-Nīl; ⲫⲓⲁⲣⲱ, P(h)iaro; Ancient Egyptian: Ḥ'pī and Jtrw; Biblical Hebrew:, Ha-Ye'or or, Ha-Shiḥor) is a major north-flowing river in northeastern Africa, and is commonly regarded as the longest river in the world, though some sources cite the Amazon River as the longest.

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Orinoco

The Orinoco River is one of the longest rivers in South America at.

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Pacific Ocean

The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's oceanic divisions.

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Pará

Pará is a state in northern Brazil traversed by the lower Amazon River.

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Pará River

The Pará River runs for approximately 40 miles, around the west and south of the island of Marajó.

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Pardo

Pardo is a term used in the Portuguese and Spanish colonies in the Americas to refer to the triracial descendants of Europeans, Indigenous Americans, and West Africans.

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Parintins

Parintins is a municipality in the far east of the Amazonas state, Brazil.

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Pastaza River

The Pastaza River (Río Pastaza, formerly known as the SumataraEnock, Charles Reginald (1914) Ecuador: its ancient and modern history, topography and natural resources, industries and social development Charles Scribner's sons, New York) is a large tributary to the Marañón River in the northwestern Amazon Basin of South America.

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Pedro II of Brazil

Dom Pedro II (English: Peter II; 2 December 1825 – 5 December 1891), nicknamed "the Magnanimous", was the second and last ruler of the Empire of Brazil, reigning for over 58 years.

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Pedro Teixeira

Pedro Teixeira (died 4 July 1641) was a Portuguese explorer who became, in 1637, the first European to travel up the entire length of the Amazon River.

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Peru

Peru (Perú; Piruw Republika; Piruw Suyu), officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America.

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Peruvian Amazonia

The Peruvian Amazonia (Amazonía del Perú) is the area of the Amazon rainforest included within the country of Peru, from east of the Andes to the borders with Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil and Bolivia.

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Piranha

A piranha or piraña, a member of family Characidae in order Characiformes, is a freshwater fish that inhabits South American rivers, floodplains, lakes and reservoirs.

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Pleistocene

The Pleistocene (often colloquially referred to as the Ice Age) is the geological epoch which lasted from about 2,588,000 to 11,700 years ago, spanning the world's most recent period of repeated glaciations.

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Pongo de Manseriche

The Pongo de Manseriche is a gorge in northwest Peru.

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Pororoca

The Pororoca is a tidal bore, with waves up to 4 metres high that travel as much as 800 km inland upstream on the Amazon River and adjacent rivers.

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Porto Velho

Porto Velho (Old Port) is the capital of the Brazilian state of Rondônia, in the upper Amazon River basin, and a Catholic Metropolitan Archbishopric.

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Potamotrygonidae

River stingrays or freshwater stingrays are Neotropical freshwater fishes of the Potamotrygonidae family in the order Myliobatiformes, one of the four orders of batoids, cartilaginous fishes related to sharks.

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Pracuúba

Pracuúba is a municipality located in the mideast of the state of Amapá in Brazil.

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Puerto Francisco de Orellana

Puerto Francisco de Orellana, also known as El Coca, is the capital of province of Orellana in eastern Ecuador.

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Purus River

The Purus River or Rio Purús is a tributary of the Amazon River in South America.

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Putumayo River

The Putumayo River or Içá River (Río Putumayo, Río Içá) is one of the tributaries of the Amazon River, west of and parallel to the Japurá River.

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Quito

Quito (Kitu; Kitu), formally San Francisco de Quito, is the capital city of Ecuador, and at an elevation of above sea level, it is the second-highest official capital city in the world, after La Paz, and the one which is closest to the equator.

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Red-bellied piranha

The red-bellied piranha, also known as the red piranha (Pygocentrus nattereri), is a species of piranha native to South America, found in the Amazon, Paraguay, Paraná and Essequibo basins, as well as coastal rivers of northeastern Brazil.

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Rede Globo

Rede Globo (Globe Network), or simply Globo, is a Brazilian free-to-air television network, launched by media proprietor Roberto Marinho on 26 April 1965.

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Resin

In polymer chemistry and materials science, resin is a "solid or highly viscous substance" of plant or synthetic origin that is typically convertible into polymers.

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Rio Negro (Amazon)

The Rio Negro (br; Río Negro "Black River") is the largest left tributary of the Amazon River, the largest blackwater river in the world (accounting for about 14% of the water in the Amazon basin), and one of the world's ten largest rivers by average discharge.

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River bifurcation

River bifurcation (from furca, fork) occurs when a river flowing in a single stream separates into two or more separate streams (called distributaries) which continue downstream.

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River dolphin

River dolphins are a group of fully aquatic mammals that reside exclusively in freshwater or brackish water.

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Royal Geographical Society

The Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers) is the UK's learned society and professional body for geography, founded in 1830 for the advancement of geographical sciences.

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Salinity

Salinity is the saltiness or amount of salt dissolved in a body of water (see also soil salinity).

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Samuel Fritz

Samuel Fritz SJ (9 April 1654 – 20 March 1725, 1728 or 1730) was a Czech Jesuit missionary, noted for his exploration of the Amazon River and its basin.

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Sandstone

Sandstone is a clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized (0.0625 to 2 mm) mineral particles or rock fragments.

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Santarém, Pará

Santarém is a city and municipality in the western part of the state of Pará in Brazil.

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São Paulo

São Paulo is a municipality in the southeast region of Brazil.

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Science Advances

Science Advances is a peer-reviewed multidisciplinary open-access scientific journal established in early 2015.

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Sea level

Mean sea level (MSL) (often shortened to sea level) is an average level of the surface of one or more of Earth's oceans from which heights such as elevations may be measured.

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Sediment

Sediment is a naturally occurring material that is broken down by processes of weathering and erosion, and is subsequently transported by the action of wind, water, or ice, and/or by the force of gravity acting on the particles.

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Silver arowana

The silver arowana (Osteoglossum bicirrhosum), sometimes spelled arawana, is a South American freshwater bony fish of the family Osteoglossidae.

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Solimões River

Solimões is the name often given to upper stretches of the Amazon River in Brazil from its confluence with the Rio Negro upstream to the border of Peru.

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South America

South America is a continent in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere.

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South American Plate

The South American Plate is a tectonic plate which includes the continent of South America and also a sizeable region of the Atlantic Ocean seabed extending eastward to the African Plate creating the Mid-Atlantic Ridge The easterly side is a divergent boundary with the African Plate forming the southern part of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.

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Spanish Empire

The Spanish Empire (Imperio Español; Imperium Hispanicum), historically known as the Hispanic Monarchy (Monarquía Hispánica) and as the Catholic Monarchy (Monarquía Católica) was one of the largest empires in history.

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Spanish language

Spanish or Castilian, is a Western Romance language that originated in the Castile region of Spain and today has hundreds of millions of native speakers in Latin America and Spain.

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Steamboat

A steamboat is a boat that is propelled primarily by steam power, typically driving propellers or paddlewheels.

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Tabatinga

Tabatinga, originally Forte de São Francisco Xavier de Tabatinga, is a municipality in the Três Fronteiras area of Western Amazonas.

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Tambo River (Peru)

The Tambo River (Spanish: Río Tambo) is a Peruvian river on the eastern slopes of the Andes.

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Tapajós

The Tapajós (Rio Tapajós) is a river in Brazil.

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Tectonic uplift

Tectonic uplift is the portion of the total geologic uplift of the mean Earth surface that is not attributable to an isostatic response to unloading.

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Tefé

Tefé (Teffé in early accounts) is a municipality in the state of Amazonas, northern Brazil.

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Teles Pires

The Teles Pires (Rio São Manuel) is a 1370 km long river in Brasil.

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Terra preta

Terra preta (locally, literally "black soil" in Portuguese) is a type of very dark, fertile artificial (anthropogenic) soil found in the Amazon Basin.

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Terrace (agriculture)

In agriculture, a terrace is a piece of sloped plane that has been cut into a series of successively receding flat surfaces or platforms, which resemble steps, for the purposes of more effective farming.

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Tidal bore

A tidal bore, often simply given as bore in context, is a tidal phenomenon in which the leading edge of the incoming tide forms a wave (or waves) of water that travels up a river or narrow bay against the direction of the river or bay's current.

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Tigre River

The Tigre River is a Peruvian tributary of the Marañón River west of the Nanay River.

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Tocantins River

The Tocantins River is a river in Brazil, the central fluvial artery of the country.

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Trade

Trade involves the transfer of goods or services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money.

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Trans-Amazonian Highway

The Trans-Amazonian Highway (official designation BR-230, official name Rodovia Transamazônica), was introduced on September 27, 1972.

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Tributary

A tributary or affluent is a stream or river that flows into a larger stream or main stem (or parent) river or a lake.

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Trichomycteridae

The Trichomycteridae are a family of catfishes (order Siluriformes) commonly known as the pencil or parasitic catfishes.

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Trombetas River

The Trombetas is a large river on the northern side of the Amazon River.

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Tucuxi

The tucuxi (Sotalia fluviatilis), alternatively in Peru bufeo gris or bufeo negro, is a species of freshwater dolphin found in the rivers of the Amazon Basin.

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Typhus

Typhus, also known as typhus fever, is a group of infectious diseases that include epidemic typhus, scrub typhus and murine typhus.

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Ucayali River

The Ucayali River (Río Ucayali) arises about north of Lake Titicaca, in the Arequipa region of Peru.

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University of California

The University of California (UC) is a public university system in the US state of California.

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University of Chicago

The University of Chicago (UChicago, U of C, or Chicago) is a private, non-profit research university in Chicago, Illinois.

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Universo Online

Universo Online (known by the acronym UOL) is a Brazilian web content, products and services firm.

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Urarina people

The Urarina are an indigenous people of the Peruvian Amazon Basin (Loreto) who inhabit the valleys of the Chambira, Urituyacu, and Corrientes Rivers.

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Urubamba River

The Urubamba River or Vilcamayo River (possibly from Quechua Willkamayu, for "sacred river") is a river in Peru.

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Vaupés River

Vaupés River (Uaupés River) is a tributary of the Rio Negro in South America.

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Vicente Yáñez Pinzón

Vicente Yáñez Pinzón (Palos de la Frontera, Spain, c. 1462 – after 1514) was a Spanish navigator, explorer, and conquistador, the younger of the Pinzón brothers.

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Wet season

The monsoon season, is the time of year when most of a region's average annual rainfall occurs.

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White Brazilians

White Brazilians (brasileiros brancos) refers to Brazilian citizens of European or Levantine descent.

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World Wide Fund for Nature

The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) is an international non-governmental organization founded in 1961, working in the field of the wilderness preservation, and the reduction of human impact on the environment.

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Xingu River

The Xingu River (Rio Xingu) is a river in north Brazil.

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1930 Curuçá River event

The 1930 Curuçá River event was a meteoric air burst that occurred on 13 August 1930 over the area of Curuçá River in Brazil.

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20th parallel south

The 20th parallel south is a circle of latitude that is 20 degrees south of the Earth's equatorial plane.

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5th parallel north

The 5th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 5 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane.

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Redirects here:

Amazon (river), Amazon River (Peru and Brazil), Amazon River Region, Amazon flooding, Amazon river, Amazonas River, Amazons River, Rio amazonas, River Amazon, River Amazonas, Stone Age Amazon, The Amazon River, The River Sea, Transport On The Amazon, Transport on The Amazon, Transport on the Amazon, Upper Amazon.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_River

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