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27 relations: Adrenal insufficiency, Antigen, Antigen-presenting cell, Apoptosis, Autoimmune disease, Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1, Autoimmunity, Central tolerance, Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, CREB-binding protein, Gene, Hypoparathyroidism, Immune system, Immune tolerance, Insulin, Knockout mouse, List of human clusters of differentiation, Major histocompatibility complex, Protein, Protein–protein interaction, T cell, T-cell receptor, Thymocyte, Thymus, Transcription (biology), Transcription factor, V(D)J recombination.
Adrenal insufficiency
Adrenal insufficiency is a condition in which the adrenal glands do not produce adequate amounts of steroid hormones, primarily cortisol; but may also include impaired production of aldosterone (a mineralocorticoid), which regulates sodium conservation, potassium secretion, and water retention.
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Antigen
In immunology, an antigen is a molecule capable of inducing an immune response (to produce an antibody) in the host organism.
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Antigen-presenting cell
An antigen-presenting cell (APC) or accessory cell is a cell that displays antigen complexed with major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs) on their surfaces; this process is known as antigen presentation.
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Apoptosis
Apoptosis (from Ancient Greek ἀπόπτωσις "falling off") is a process of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms.
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Autoimmune disease
An autoimmune disease is a condition arising from an abnormal immune response to a normal body part.
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Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS-1), also known as autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis–ectodermal dystrophy/dysplasia (APECED), autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1, Whitaker syndrome, or candidiasis-hypoparathyroidism–Addison's disease syndrome, is a subtype of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome (autoimmune polyglandular syndrome) in which multiple endocrine glands dysfunction as a result of autoimmunity.
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Autoimmunity
Autoimmunity is the system of immune responses of an organism against its own healthy cells and tissues.
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Central tolerance
Central tolerance, also known as negative selection, is the process of eliminating any developing T or B lymphocytes that are reactive to self.
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Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis
Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis is an immune disorder of T cells, it is characterized by chronic infections with Candida that are limited to mucosal surfaces, skin, and nails.
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CREB-binding protein
CREB-binding protein, also known as CREBBP or CBP, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CREBBP gene.
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Gene
In biology, a gene is a sequence of DNA or RNA that codes for a molecule that has a function.
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Hypoparathyroidism
Hypoparathyroidism is decreased function of the parathyroid glands with underproduction of parathyroid hormone.
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Immune system
The immune system is a host defense system comprising many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.
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Immune tolerance
Immune tolerance, or immunological tolerance, or immunotolerance, is a state of unresponsiveness of the immune system to substances or tissue that have the capacity to elicit an immune response in given organism.It is induced by prior exposure to that specific antigen.
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Insulin
Insulin (from Latin insula, island) is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreatic islets; it is considered to be the main anabolic hormone of the body.
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Knockout mouse
A knockout mouse or knock-out mouse is a genetically modified mouse (Mus musculus) in which researchers have inactivated, or "knocked out", an existing gene by replacing it or disrupting it with an artificial piece of DNA.
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List of human clusters of differentiation
The following is a list of human clusters of differentiation (or CD) molecules.
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Major histocompatibility complex
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a set of cell surface proteins essential for the acquired immune system to recognize foreign molecules in vertebrates, which in turn determines histocompatibility.
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Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues.
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Protein–protein interaction
Protein–protein interactions (PPIs) are the physical contacts of high specificity established between two or more protein molecules as a result of biochemical events steered by electrostatic forces including the hydrophobic effect.
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T cell
A T cell, or T lymphocyte, is a type of lymphocyte (a subtype of white blood cell) that plays a central role in cell-mediated immunity.
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T-cell receptor
The T-cell receptor, or TCR, is a molecule found on the surface of T cells, or T lymphocytes, that is responsible for recognizing fragments of antigen as peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules.
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Thymocyte
Thymocytes are hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the thymus.
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Thymus
The thymus is a specialized primary lymphoid organ of the immune system.
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Transcription (biology)
Transcription is the first step of gene expression, in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA (especially mRNA) by the enzyme RNA polymerase.
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Transcription factor
In molecular biology, a transcription factor (TF) (or sequence-specific DNA-binding factor) is a protein that controls the rate of transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA, by binding to a specific DNA sequence.
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V(D)J recombination
V(D)J recombination is the unique mechanism of genetic recombination that occurs only in developing lymphocytes during the early stages of T and B cell maturation.
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AIRE, AIRE (gene), Autoimmune Regulator.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_regulator
