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274 relations: A Sting in the Tale, Acarapis woodi, Acari, Adaptive radiation, Aeneid, Africanized bee, Aggressive mimicry, Alkali bee, Allergy, Allodapini, Alternative medicine, Amber, Amegilla dawsoni, Ampulicidae, Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greece, André Sainte-Laguë, Andrenidae, Animal navigation, Ant, Antarctica, Antenna (biology), Anthophorini, Antoine Magnan, Apidae, Apinae, Apitherapy, Apitoxin, Apoidea, Apollo, Aposematism, Arc (geometry), Aristotle, Arthropod eye, Asilidae, Astatinae, Badger, Banana, Batesian mimicry, Beatrix Potter, Bedford Park, London, Bee, Bee brood, Bee Movie, Bee sting, Bee-eater, Beehive, Beekeeper, Beekeeping, Beeswax, ..., Beetle, Beewolf, Bembicini, Bernard Mandeville, Bombini, Bombus hyperboreus, Bombyliidae, Botfly, Botok, Brood parasite, Bumblebee, California Institute of Technology, Carpenter bee, Cave painting, Ceratina, Cinematography, Clade, Cladistics, Clothianidin, Coconut, Coevolution, Colletes inaequalis, Colletidae, Colony (biology), Colony collapse disorder, Crabronidae, Crabroninae, Crepuscular animal, Cretaceous, Cuckoo bee, Dakota Fanning, Dasypodainae, Dave Goulson, Diapause, Divination, Division of labour, Drag (physics), Dragonfly, Drone (bee), Drosophilidae, Dufour's gland, Early Cretaceous, Eclogues, Ecosystem, Emery's rule, Endangered species, Eocene, Erasmus, Ethology, Euglossini, European beewolf, European Union, Eusociality, Evidence-based medicine, Evolution, Exuviae, Family (biology), Fantasy, Feral, Flower mantis, Flowering plant, Genus, Global warming, Greater honeyguide, Halictidae, Haplodiploidy, Helicopter, Helladic chronology, Hemiptera, Hesperapis, Heterogyna, Higher alkanes, History of Animals, Holocene, Holometabolism, Homer, Honey, Honey bee, Hoplitis anthocopoides, Hornet, Horse-fly, Hoverfly, Imidacloprid, Inclusive fitness, Indonesia, Insect, Insect mouthparts, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN Red List, Java, Jerry Seinfeld, John Murray (publisher), Karl Marx, Karl von Frisch, Kit Williams, Lake Isle of Innisfree, Larrea tridentata, Larva, Lasioglossum leucozonium, Lasioglossum vierecki, Leo Tolstoy, Lepidoptera, List of bumblebee species, List of crop plants pollinated by bees, Lycidae, Mandible (insect mouthpart), Mantis, Mason bee, Mass provisioning, Müllerian mimicry, Megachile, Megachile pluto, Megachilidae, Meganomiinae, Melittidae, Melittosphex burmensis, Mellininae, Michael Dickinson (biologist), Miocene, Mite, Monophyly, Mutualism (biology), Natural History (Pliny), Nectar, Neonicotinoid, New Scientist, Nikolaas Tinbergen, Nomadinae, Northern Hemisphere, Nosema ceranae, Nyssonini, Old World flycatcher, Oligocene, Oligolecty, Ophrys apifera, Orchidaceae, Paper wasp, Paraphyly, Pemphredoninae, Pernis (bird), Pharaoh, Philanthinae, Phragmites, Phylogenetic tree, Plant, Plato, Pleistocene, Ploidy, Polarization (waves), Pollen, Pollen basket, Pollen wasp, Pollination, Pollination management, Pollinator, Predation, Proboscis, Progressive provisioning, Propolis, Protein, Pseudocopulation, Pupa, Pythia, Queen bee, Renée Zellweger, Rice, Royal jelly, Scavenger, Science (journal), Scopa (biology), Seneca the Younger, Sensu, Seta, Shrike, Simple eye in invertebrates, Sociality, Society, Spain, Sphecidae, Spiracle, Squash bee, Stenotritidae, Stingless bee, Sue Monk Kidd, Superorganism, Swarming (honey bee), Symplesiomorphy, Synapomorphy and apomorphy, Telling the bees, Termite, Tetragonula carbonaria, The Bee on the Comb, The Daily Telegraph, The Guardian, The New York Times, The Observer, The Secret Life of Bees (film), The Secret Life of Bees (novel), The Tale of Mrs. Tittlemouse, Thelytoky, Thiamethoxam, Thomisidae, Thriae, Townsendiella, Treasure hunt (game), Triassic, Tutankhamun, Urbanization, Varroa, Venom, Vespidae, Vespoidea, Virgil, W. B. Yeats, W. D. Hamilton, Waggle dance, Wasp, Western honey bee, William Shakespeare, Wood, Worker bee, Worker policing, Ypresian. Expand index (224 more) »
A Sting in the Tale
A Sting in the Tale is a 1989 Australian political satire film directed by Eugene Schlusser and starring Diane Craig and Gary Day.
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Acarapis woodi
Acarapis woodi (honey bee tracheal mite) is an internal parasite of honey bees, originally described from the Isle of Wight.
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Acari
Acari (or Acarina) are a taxon of arachnids that contains mites and ticks.
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Adaptive radiation
In evolutionary biology, adaptive radiation is a process in which organisms diversify rapidly from an ancestral species into a multitude of new forms, particularly when a change in the environment makes new resources available, creates new challenges, or opens new environmental niches.
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Aeneid
The Aeneid (Aeneis) is a Latin epic poem, written by Virgil between 29 and 19 BC, that tells the legendary story of Aeneas, a Trojan who travelled to Italy, where he became the ancestor of the Romans.
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Africanized bee
The Africanized bee, also known as the Africanised honey bee, and known colloquially as "killer bee", is a hybrid of the Western honey bee species (Apis mellifera), produced originally by cross-breeding of the African honey bee (A. m. scutellata), with various European honey bees such as the Italian bee A. m. ligustica and the Iberian bee A. m. iberiensis.
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Aggressive mimicry
Aggressive mimicry is a form of mimicry in which predators, parasites or parasitoids share similar signals, using a harmless model, allowing them to avoid being correctly identified by their prey or host.
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Alkali bee
The alkali bee, Nomia melanderi, is a ground-nesting bee native to deserts and semi-arid desert basins of the western United States.
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Allergy
Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to typically harmless substances in the environment.
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Allodapini
The Allodapini is a tribe of bees in the subfamily Xylocopinae, family Apidae.
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Alternative medicine
Alternative medicine, fringe medicine, pseudomedicine or simply questionable medicine is the use and promotion of practices which are unproven, disproven, impossible to prove, or excessively harmful in relation to their effect — in the attempt to achieve the healing effects of medicine.--> --> --> They differ from experimental medicine in that the latter employs responsible investigation, and accepts results that show it to be ineffective. The scientific consensus is that alternative therapies either do not, or cannot, work. In some cases laws of nature are violated by their basic claims; in some the treatment is so much worse that its use is unethical. Alternative practices, products, and therapies range from only ineffective to having known harmful and toxic effects.--> Alternative therapies may be credited for perceived improvement through placebo effects, decreased use or effect of medical treatment (and therefore either decreased side effects; or nocebo effects towards standard treatment),--> or the natural course of the condition or disease. Alternative treatment is not the same as experimental treatment or traditional medicine, although both can be misused in ways that are alternative. Alternative or complementary medicine is dangerous because it may discourage people from getting the best possible treatment, and may lead to a false understanding of the body and of science.-->---> Alternative medicine is used by a significant number of people, though its popularity is often overstated.--> Large amounts of funding go to testing alternative medicine, with more than US$2.5 billion spent by the United States government alone.--> Almost none show any effect beyond that of false treatment,--> and most studies showing any effect have been statistical flukes. Alternative medicine is a highly profitable industry, with a strong lobby. This fact is often overlooked by media or intentionally kept hidden, with alternative practice being portrayed positively when compared to "big pharma". --> The lobby has successfully pushed for alternative therapies to be subject to far less regulation than conventional medicine.--> Alternative therapies may even be allowed to promote use when there is demonstrably no effect, only a tradition of use. Regulation and licensing of alternative medicine and health care providers varies between and within countries. Despite laws making it illegal to market or promote alternative therapies for use in cancer treatment, many practitioners promote them.--> Alternative medicine is criticized for taking advantage of the weakest members of society.--! Terminology has shifted over time, reflecting the preferred branding of practitioners.. Science Based Medicine--> For example, the United States National Institutes of Health department studying alternative medicine, currently named National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, was established as the Office of Alternative Medicine and was renamed the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine before obtaining its current name. Therapies are often framed as "natural" or "holistic", in apparent opposition to conventional medicine which is "artificial" and "narrow in scope", statements which are intentionally misleading. --> When used together with functional medical treatment, alternative therapies do not "complement" (improve the effect of, or mitigate the side effects of) treatment.--> Significant drug interactions caused by alternative therapies may instead negatively impact functional treatment, making it less effective, notably in cancer.--> Alternative diagnoses and treatments are not part of medicine, or of science-based curricula in medical schools, nor are they used in any practice based on scientific knowledge or experience.--> Alternative therapies are often based on religious belief, tradition, superstition, belief in supernatural energies, pseudoscience, errors in reasoning, propaganda, fraud, or lies.--> Alternative medicine is based on misleading statements, quackery, pseudoscience, antiscience, fraud, and poor scientific methodology. Promoting alternative medicine has been called dangerous and unethical.--> Testing alternative medicine that has no scientific basis has been called a waste of scarce research resources.--> Critics state that "there is really no such thing as alternative medicine, just medicine that works and medicine that doesn't",--> that the very idea of "alternative" treatments is paradoxical, as any treatment proven to work is by definition "medicine".-->.
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Amber
Amber is fossilized tree resin, which has been appreciated for its color and natural beauty since Neolithic times.
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Amegilla dawsoni
Amegilla dawsoni, sometimes called the Dawson's burrowing bee is a species of bee that nests by the thousands in arid claypans in Western Australia.
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Ampulicidae
The Ampulicidae, or cockroach wasps, are a small (about 170 species), primarily tropical family of sphecoid wasps, all of which use various cockroaches as prey for their larvae.
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Ancient Egypt
Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeastern Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River - geographically Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt, in the place that is now occupied by the countries of Egypt and Sudan.
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Ancient Greece
Ancient Greece was a civilization belonging to a period of Greek history from the Greek Dark Ages of the 13th–9th centuries BC to the end of antiquity (AD 600).
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André Sainte-Laguë
André Sainte-Laguë (20 April 1882 – 18 January 1950) was a French mathematician who was a pioneer in the area of graph theory.
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Andrenidae
The Andrenidae (commonly known as mining bees) are a large, nearly cosmopolitan family of solitary, ground-nesting bees.
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Animal navigation
Animal navigation is the ability of many animals to find their way accurately without maps or instruments.
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Ant
Ants are eusocial insects of the family Formicidae and, along with the related wasps and bees, belong to the order Hymenoptera.
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Antarctica
Antarctica is Earth's southernmost continent.
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Antenna (biology)
Antennae (singular: antenna), sometimes referred to as "feelers," are paired appendages used for sensing in arthropods.
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Anthophorini
The Anthophorini are a large tribe in the subfamily Apinae of the family Apidae.
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Antoine Magnan
Antoine Magnan (13 June 1881 – 5 March 1938) was a French zoologist and aeronautical engineer who studied the flight of insects and birds for possible lessons to apply to powered flight.
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Apidae
Apidae is the largest family within the superfamily Apoidea, containing at least 5700 species of bees.
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Apinae
The Apinae are the subfamily that includes the majority of bees in the family Apidae.
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Apitherapy
Apitherapy is a branch of alternative medicine that uses honey bee products, including honey, pollen, propolis, royal jelly and bee venom.
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Apitoxin
Apitoxin, or honey bee venom, is a bitter colorless liquid containing proteins, which may produce local inflammation.
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Apoidea
The superfamily Apoidea is a major group within the Hymenoptera, which includes two traditionally recognized lineages, the "sphecoid" wasps, and the bees.
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Apollo
Apollo (Attic, Ionic, and Homeric Greek: Ἀπόλλων, Apollōn (Ἀπόλλωνος); Doric: Ἀπέλλων, Apellōn; Arcadocypriot: Ἀπείλων, Apeilōn; Aeolic: Ἄπλουν, Aploun; Apollō) is one of the most important and complex of the Olympian deities in classical Greek and Roman religion and Greek and Roman mythology.
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Aposematism
Aposematism (from Greek ἀπό apo away, σῆμα sema sign) is a term coined by Edward Bagnall PoultonPoulton, 1890.
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Arc (geometry)
In Euclidean geometry, an arc (symbol: ⌒) is a closed segment of a differentiable curve.
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Aristotle
Aristotle (Ἀριστοτέλης Aristotélēs,; 384–322 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher and scientist born in the city of Stagira, Chalkidiki, in the north of Classical Greece.
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Arthropod eye
Apposition eyes are the most common form of eye, and are presumably the ancestral form of compound eye.
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Asilidae
The Asilidae are the robber fly family, also called assassin flies.
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Astatinae
Astatina wasps are a cosmopolitan group of solitary wasps.
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Badger
Badgers are short-legged omnivores in the family Mustelidae, which also includes the otters, polecats, weasels, and wolverines.
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Banana
A banana is an edible fruit – botanically a berry – produced by several kinds of large herbaceous flowering plants in the genus Musa.
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Batesian mimicry
Batesian mimicry is a form of mimicry where a harmless species has evolved to imitate the warning signals of a harmful species directed at a predator of them both.
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Beatrix Potter
Helen Beatrix Potter (British English, North American English also, 28 July 186622 December 1943) was an English writer, illustrator, natural scientist, and conservationist best known for her children's books featuring animals, such as those in The Tale of Peter Rabbit.
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Bedford Park, London
Bedford Park is a suburban development in west London, England.
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Bee
Bees are flying insects closely related to wasps and ants, known for their role in pollination and, in the case of the best-known bee species, the European honey bee, for producing honey and beeswax.
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Bee brood
In beekeeping, bee brood is the eggs, larvae and pupae of honeybees.
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Bee Movie
Bee Movie is a 2007 American computer animated comedy film produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by Paramount Pictures.
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Bee sting
A bee sting is a sting from a bee (honey bee, bumblebee, sweat bee, etc.). The stings of most of these species can be quite painful, and are therefore keenly avoided by many people.
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Bee-eater
The bee-eaters are a group of near-passerine birds in the family Meropidae containing three genera and 27 species.
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Beehive
A beehive is an enclosed structure man-made in which some honey bee species of the subgenus Apis live and raise their young.
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Beekeeper
A beekeeper is a person who keeps honey bees.
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Beekeeping
Beekeeping (or apiculture) is the maintenance of bee colonies, commonly in man-made hives, by humans.
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Beeswax
Beeswax (cera alba) is a natural wax produced by honey bees of the genus Apis.
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Beetle
Beetles are a group of insects that form the order Coleoptera, in the superorder Endopterygota.
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Beewolf
Beewolves (genus Philanthus), also known as bee-hunters or bee-killer wasps, are solitary, predatory wasps, most of which prey on bees, hence their common name.
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Bembicini
The Bembicini, or sand wasps, are a large tribe of crabronid wasps, comprising 20 genera.
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Bernard Mandeville
Bernard Mandeville, or Bernard de Mandeville (15 November 1670 – 21 January 1733), was an Anglo-Dutch philosopher, political economist and satirist.
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Bombini
The Bombini are a tribe of large bristly apid bees which feed on pollen or nectar.
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Bombus hyperboreus
Bombus hyperboreus is a species of Arctic bumblebee with a circumpolar distribution.
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Bombyliidae
The Bombyliidae are a family of flies.
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Botfly
Botflies, also known as warble flies, heel flies and gadflies, are a family of flies technically known as Oestridae.
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Botok
Botok (sometimes called Bobotok in its plural form or Botok-botok) is a traditional Javanese dish made from shredded coconut flesh which has been squeezed of its coconut milk, often mixed with other ingredients such as vegetables or fish, and wrapped in banana leaf and steamed.
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Brood parasite
Brood parasites are organisms that rely on others to raise their young.
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Bumblebee
A bumblebee (or bumble bee, bumble-bee or humble-bee) is any of over 250 species in the genus Bombus, part of Apidae, one of the bee families.
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California Institute of Technology
The California Institute of Technology (abbreviated Caltech)The university itself only spells its short form as "Caltech"; other spellings such as.
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Carpenter bee
Carpenter bees are species in the genus Xylocopa of the subfamily Xylocopinae.
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Cave painting
Cave paintings, also known as parietal art, are painted drawings on cave walls or ceilings, mainly of prehistoric origin, beginning roughly 40,000 years ago (around 38,000 BCE) in Eurasia.
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Ceratina
The cosmopolitan bee genus Ceratina, often referred to as small carpenter bees, is the sole lineage of the tribe Ceratinini, and closely related to the more familiar carpenter bees.
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Cinematography
Cinematography (also called Direction of Photography) is the science or art of motion-picture photography by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor, or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as film stock.
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Clade
A clade (from κλάδος, klados, "branch"), also known as monophyletic group, is a group of organisms that consists of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants, and represents a single "branch" on the "tree of life".
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Cladistics
Cladistics (from Greek κλάδος, cládos, i.e., "branch") is an approach to biological classification in which organisms are categorized in groups ("clades") based on the most recent common ancestor.
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Clothianidin
Clothianidin is an insecticide developed by Takeda Chemical Industries and Bayer AG.
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Coconut
The coconut tree (Cocos nucifera) is a member of the family Arecaceae (palm family) and the only species of the genus Cocos.
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Coevolution
In biology, coevolution occurs when two or more species reciprocally affect each other's evolution.
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Colletes inaequalis
Colletes inaequalis, is a common species of plasterer bee (family Colletidae), native to North America.
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Colletidae
The Colletidae are a family of bees, and are often referred to collectively as plasterer bees or polyester bees, due to the method of smoothing the walls of their nest cells with secretions applied with their mouthparts; these secretions dry into a cellophane-like lining.
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Colony (biology)
In biology, a colony is composed of two or more conspecific individuals living in close association with, or connected to, one another.
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Colony collapse disorder
Colony collapse disorder (CCD) is the phenomenon that occurs when the majority of worker bees in a colony disappear and leave behind a queen, plenty of food and a few nurse bees to care for the remaining immature bees.
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Crabronidae
The Crabronidae are a large paraphyletic group (nominally a family) of wasps, including nearly all of the species formerly comprising the now-defunct superfamily Sphecoidea.
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Crabroninae
The subfamily Crabroninae is the most diverse group in the wasp family Crabronidae, containing over 100 genera.
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Crepuscular animal
Crepuscular animals are those that are active primarily during twilight (that is, the periods of dawn and dusk).
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Cretaceous
The Cretaceous is a geologic period and system that spans 79 million years from the end of the Jurassic Period million years ago (mya) to the beginning of the Paleogene Period mya.
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Cuckoo bee
The term cuckoo bee is used for a variety of different bee lineages which have evolved the kleptoparasitic behaviour of laying their eggs in the nests of other bees, reminiscent of the behavior of cuckoo birds.
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Dakota Fanning
Hannah Dakota Fanning (born February 23, 1994) is an American actress and model.
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Dasypodainae
The subfamily Dasypodainae (originally named "Dasypodidae") is a small subfamily of melittid bees, with more than 100 species in eight genera,Michez D. (2008). Proc.
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Dave Goulson
Dave Goulson (born 1965) FRSE FRES University of Sussex, 2014.
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Diapause
Diapause, when referencing animal dormancy, is the delay in development in response to regularly and recurring periods of adverse environmental conditions.
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Divination
Divination (from Latin divinare "to foresee, to be inspired by a god", related to divinus, divine) is the attempt to gain insight into a question or situation by way of an occultic, standardized process or ritual.
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Division of labour
The division of labour is the separation of tasks in any system so that participants may specialize.
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Drag (physics)
In fluid dynamics, drag (sometimes called air resistance, a type of friction, or fluid resistance, another type of friction or fluid friction) is a force acting opposite to the relative motion of any object moving with respect to a surrounding fluid.
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Dragonfly
A dragonfly is an insect belonging to the order Odonata, infraorder Anisoptera (from Greek ἄνισος anisos, "uneven" and πτερόν pteron, "wing", because the hindwing is broader than the forewing).
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Drone (bee)
A drone is a male bee.
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Drosophilidae
The Drosophilidae are a diverse, cosmopolitan family of flies, which includes fruit flies.
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Dufour's gland
Dufour's gland is an abdominal gland of certain insects, part of the anatomy of the ovipositor or sting apparatus in female members of Apocrita.
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Early Cretaceous
The Early Cretaceous/Middle Cretaceous (geochronological name) or the Lower Cretaceous (chronostratigraphic name), is the earlier or lower of the two major divisions of the Cretaceous.
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Eclogues
The Eclogues, also called the Bucolics, is the first of the three major works of the Latin poet Virgil.
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Ecosystem
An ecosystem is a community made up of living organisms and nonliving components such as air, water, and mineral soil.
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Emery's rule
In 1909, the entomologist Carlo Emery noted that social parasites among insects (e.g., kleptoparasites) tend to be parasites of species or genera to which they are closely related.
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Endangered species
An endangered species is a species which has been categorized as very likely to become extinct.
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Eocene
The Eocene Epoch, lasting from, is a major division of the geologic timescale and the second epoch of the Paleogene Period in the Cenozoic Era.
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Erasmus
Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus (28 October 1466Gleason, John B. "The Birth Dates of John Colet and Erasmus of Rotterdam: Fresh Documentary Evidence," Renaissance Quarterly, The University of Chicago Press on behalf of the Renaissance Society of America, Vol. 32, No. 1 (Spring, 1979), pp. 73–76; – 12 July 1536), known as Erasmus or Erasmus of Rotterdam,Erasmus was his baptismal name, given after St. Erasmus of Formiae.
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Ethology
Ethology is the scientific and objective study of animal behaviour, usually with a focus on behaviour under natural conditions, and viewing behaviour as an evolutionarily adaptive trait.
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Euglossini
The tribe Euglossini, in the subfamily Apinae, commonly known as orchid bees or Euglossine bees, are the only group of corbiculate bees whose non-parasitic members do not all possess eusocial behavior.
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European beewolf
Philanthus triangulum, commonly known as the European beewolf, bee-killer wasp or the bee-eating philanthus (from the now obsolete synonym Philanthus apivorus), is a solitary wasp that lives in the Western Palearctic and Afrotropics.
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European Union
The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of EUnum member states that are located primarily in Europe.
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Eusociality
Eusociality (from Greek εὖ eu "good" and social), the highest level of organization of animal sociality, is defined by the following characteristics: cooperative brood care (including care of offspring from other individuals), overlapping generations within a colony of adults, and a division of labor into reproductive and non-reproductive groups.
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Evidence-based medicine
Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is an approach to medical practice intended to optimize decision-making by emphasizing the use of evidence from well-designed and well-conducted research.
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Evolution
Evolution is change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.
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Exuviae
In biology, exuviae are the remains of an exoskeleton and related structures that are left after ecdysozoans (including insects, crustaceans and arachnids) have moulted.
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Family (biology)
In biological classification, family (familia, plural familiae) is one of the eight major taxonomic ranks; it is classified between order and genus.
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Fantasy
Fantasy is a genre of speculative fiction set in a fictional universe, often without any locations, events, or people referencing the real world.
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Feral
A feral animal or plant (from Latin fera, "a wild beast") is one that lives in the wild but is descended from domesticated individuals.
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Flower mantis
Flower mantises are those species of praying mantis that mimic flowers.
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Flowering plant
The flowering plants, also known as angiosperms, Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta, are the most diverse group of land plants, with 416 families, approximately 13,164 known genera and c. 295,383 known species.
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Genus
A genus (genera) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, as well as viruses, in biology.
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Global warming
Global warming, also referred to as climate change, is the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.
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Greater honeyguide
The greater honeyguide (Indicator indicator) is a bird in the family Indicatoridae, paleotropical near passerine birds related to the woodpeckers.
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Halictidae
The Halictidae is the second largest family of Apoidea bees.
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Haplodiploidy
Haplodiploidy is a sex-determination system in which males develop from unfertilized eggs and are haploid, and females develop from fertilized eggs and are diploid.
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Helicopter
A helicopter is a type of rotorcraft in which lift and thrust are supplied by rotors.
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Helladic chronology
Helladic chronology is a relative dating system used in archaeology and art history.
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Hemiptera
The Hemiptera or true bugs are an order of insects comprising some 50,000 to 80,000 species of groups such as the cicadas, aphids, planthoppers, leafhoppers, and shield bugs.
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Hesperapis
Hesperapis is a genus of evening bees in the family Melittidae.
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Heterogyna
Heterogynaidae is a minor family (only eight described species in a single genus, Heterogyna) of small spheciform wasps occurring in Madagascar, Botswana, Turkmenistan, Oman, the United Arab Emirates, and the Eastern Mediterranean area.
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Higher alkanes
Higher alkanes are alkanes having nine or more carbon atoms.
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History of Animals
History of Animals (Τῶν περὶ τὰ ζῷα ἱστοριῶν, Ton peri ta zoia historion, "Inquiries on Animals"; Historia Animālium "History of Animals") is one of the major texts on biology by the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle, who had studied at Plato's Academy in Athens.
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Holocene
The Holocene is the current geological epoch.
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Holometabolism
Holometabolism, also called complete metamorphosis, is a form of insect development which includes four life stages: egg, larva, pupa and imago or adult.
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Homer
Homer (Ὅμηρος, Hómēros) is the name ascribed by the ancient Greeks to the legendary author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, two epic poems that are the central works of ancient Greek literature.
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Honey
Honey is a sweet, viscous food substance produced by bees and some related insects.
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Honey bee
A honey bee (or honeybee) is any member of the genus Apis, primarily distinguished by the production and storage of honey and the construction of perennial, colonial nests from wax.
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Hoplitis anthocopoides
Hoplitis anthocopoides is a species in the family Megachilidae ("leafcutter, mason, and resin bees, and allies"), in the order Hymenoptera ("ants, bees, wasps and sawflies").
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Hornet
Hornets (insects in the genera Vespa and Provespa) are the largest of the eusocial wasps, and are similar in appearance to their close relatives yellowjackets.
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Horse-fly
Horse-flies or horseflies (for other names, see common names) are true flies in the family Tabanidae in the insect order Diptera.
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Hoverfly
Hoverflies, sometimes called flower flies, or syrphid flies, make up the insect family Syrphidae.
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Imidacloprid
Imidacloprid is a systemic insecticide that acts as an insect neurotoxin and belongs to a class of chemicals called the neonicotinoids which act on the central nervous system of insects.
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Inclusive fitness
In evolutionary biology, inclusive fitness is one of two metrics of evolutionary success as defined by W. D. Hamilton in 1964.
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Indonesia
Indonesia (or; Indonesian), officially the Republic of Indonesia (Republik Indonesia), is a transcontinental unitary sovereign state located mainly in Southeast Asia, with some territories in Oceania.
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Insect
Insects or Insecta (from Latin insectum) are hexapod invertebrates and the largest group within the arthropod phylum.
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Insect mouthparts
Insects have a range of mouthparts, adapted to particular modes of feeding.
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Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is a scientific and intergovernmental body under the auspices of the United Nations, set up at the request of member governments, dedicated to the task of providing the world with an objective, scientific view of climate change and its political and economic impacts.
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International Union for Conservation of Nature
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources.
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IUCN Red List
The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data List), founded in 1964, has evolved to become the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biological species.
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Java
Java (Indonesian: Jawa; Javanese: ꦗꦮ; Sundanese) is an island of Indonesia.
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Jerry Seinfeld
Jerome Allen "Jerry" Seinfeld (born April 29, 1954) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, writer, producer, and director.
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John Murray (publisher)
John Murray is a British publisher, known for the authors it has published in its history, including Jane Austen, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Lord Byron, Charles Lyell, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Herman Melville, Edward Whymper, and Charles Darwin.
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Karl Marx
Karl MarxThe name "Karl Heinrich Marx", used in various lexicons, is based on an error.
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Karl von Frisch
Karl Ritter von Frisch, (20 November 1886 – 12 June 1982) was an Austrian ethologist who received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1973, along with Nikolaas Tinbergen and Konrad Lorenz.
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Kit Williams
Christopher "Kit" Williams (born 28 April 1946) is an English artist, illustrator and author best known for his 1979 book Masquerade, a pictorial storybook which contains clues to the location of a golden (18 carat) jewelled hare created by Williams and then buried "somewhere in Britain".
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Lake Isle of Innisfree
"The Lake Isle of Innisfree" is a twelve-line poem composed of three quatrains written by William Butler Yeats in 1888 and first published in the National Observer in 1890.
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Larrea tridentata
Larrea tridentata is known as creosote bush and greasewood as a plant, chaparral as a medicinal herb, and as gobernadora in Mexico, Spanish for "governess", due to its ability to secure more water by inhibiting the growth of nearby plants.
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Larva
A larva (plural: larvae) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults.
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Lasioglossum leucozonium
Lasioglossum leucozonium (Schrank, 1781), also known as Lasioglossum similis, is a widespread solitary sweat bee found in North America, Europe, Asia, and parts of northern Africa.
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Lasioglossum vierecki
Lasioglossum vierecki, also known as Dialictus vierecki and Halictus vierecki,various contributors.
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Leo Tolstoy
Count Lyov (also Lev) Nikolayevich Tolstoy (also Лев) Николаевич ТолстойIn Tolstoy's day, his name was written Левъ Николаевичъ Толстой.
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Lepidoptera
Lepidoptera is an order of insects that includes butterflies and moths (both are called lepidopterans).
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List of bumblebee species
The list presented here is derived from a checklist of world bumblebees (discussing status of species) and used in the most recent Bombus phylogeny.
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List of crop plants pollinated by bees
This is a list of crop plants pollinated by bees.
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Lycidae
The Lycidae are a family in the beetle order Coleoptera, members of which are commonly called net-winged beetles.
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Mandible (insect mouthpart)
Insect mandibles are a pair of appendages near the insect’s mouth, and the most anterior of the three pairs of oral appendages (the labrum is more anterior, but is a single fused structure).
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Mantis
Mantises are an order (Mantodea) of insects that contains over 2,400 species in about 430 genera in 15 families.
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Mason bee
Mason bee is a name now commonly used for species of bees in the genus Osmia, of the family Megachilidae.
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Mass provisioning
Mass provisioning is a form of parental investment in which an adult insect, most commonly a hymenopteran such as a bee or wasp, stocks all the food for each of her offspring in a small chamber (a "cell") before she lays the egg.
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Müllerian mimicry
Müllerian mimicry is a natural phenomenon in which two or more unprofitable (often, distasteful) species, that may or may not be closely related and share one or more common predators, have come to mimic each other's honest warning signals, to their mutual benefit, since predators can learn to avoid all of them with fewer experiences.
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Megachile
The genus Megachile is a cosmopolitan group of solitary bees, often called leafcutter bees or leafcutting bees.
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Megachile pluto
Megachile pluto, also known as Wallace's giant bee, is a very large Indonesian resin bee.
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Megachilidae
Megachilidae is a cosmopolitan family of mostly solitary bees whose pollen-carrying structure (called a scopa) is restricted to the ventral surface of the abdomen (rather than mostly or exclusively on the hind legs as in other bee families).
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Meganomiinae
Meganomiinae is a subfamily of melittid bees, with 10 species in four genera, found only in Africa, primarily in xeric habitats, with the distributional limits in Yemen and Madagascar.
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Melittidae
Melittidae is a small bee family, with over 200 described speciesMichez D. (2008). Proc.
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Melittosphex burmensis
Melittosphex burmensis is the oldest-known species of bee.
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Mellininae
Mellininae is a very small subfamily of wasps, comprising only 17 described species in two genera.
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Michael Dickinson (biologist)
Michael H. Dickinson (born 1963) is an American fly bioengineer and neuroscientist, and Zarem Professor of Biology and Bioengineering at the California Institute of Technology.
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Miocene
The Miocene is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma).
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Mite
Mites are small arthropods belonging to the class Arachnida and the subclass Acari (also known as Acarina).
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Monophyly
In cladistics, a monophyletic group, or clade, is a group of organisms that consists of all the descendants of a common ancestor.
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Mutualism (biology)
Mutualism or interspecific cooperation is the way two organisms of different species exist in a relationship in which each individual benefits from the activity of the other.
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Natural History (Pliny)
The Natural History (Naturalis Historia) is a book about the whole of the natural world in Latin by Pliny the Elder, a Roman author and naval commander who died in 79 AD.
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Nectar
Nectar is a sugar-rich liquid produced by plants in glands called nectaries, either within the flowers with which it attracts pollinating animals, or by extrafloral nectaries, which provide a nutrient source to animal mutualists, which in turn provide antiherbivore protection.
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Neonicotinoid
Neonicotinoids (sometimes shortened to neonics) are a class of neuro-active insecticides chemically similar to nicotine.
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New Scientist
New Scientist, first published on 22 November 1956, is a weekly, English-language magazine that covers all aspects of science and technology.
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Nikolaas Tinbergen
Nikolaas "Niko" Tinbergen (15 April 1907 – 21 December 1988) was a Dutch biologist and ornithologist who shared the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Karl von Frisch and Konrad Lorenz for their discoveries concerning organization and elicitation of individual and social behavior patterns in animals.
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Nomadinae
Nomadinae is a subfamily of bees in the family Apidae.
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Northern Hemisphere
The Northern Hemisphere is the half of Earth that is north of the Equator.
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Nosema ceranae
Nosema ceranae is a microsporidian, a small, unicellular parasite that mainly affects Apis cerana, the Asiatic honey bee.
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Nyssonini
The Nyssonini are a group of cleptoparasitic bembicine wasps generally distinguished by the petiolate second submarginal cell of the forewing and rather strongly sculptured head and mesosoma (a common trait in cleptoparasitic wasps).
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Old World flycatcher
The Old World flycatchers are a large family, the Muscicapidae, of small passerine birds mostly restricted to the Old World (Europe, Africa and Asia).
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Oligocene
The Oligocene is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 33.9 million to 23 million years before the present (to). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the epoch are well identified but the exact dates of the start and end of the epoch are slightly uncertain.
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Oligolecty
The term oligolecty is used in pollination ecology to refer to bees that exhibit a narrow, specialized preference for pollen sources, typically to a single genus of flowering plants.
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Ophrys apifera
Ophrys apifera, known in Europe as the bee orchid, is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the family Orchidaceae.
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Orchidaceae
The Orchidaceae are a diverse and widespread family of flowering plants, with blooms that are often colourful and fragrant, commonly known as the orchid family.
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Paper wasp
Paper wasps are vespid wasps that gather fibers from dead wood and plant stems, which they mix with saliva, and use to construct water-resistant nests made of gray or brown papery material.
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Paraphyly
In taxonomy, a group is paraphyletic if it consists of the group's last common ancestor and all descendants of that ancestor excluding a few—typically only one or two—monophyletic subgroups.
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Pemphredoninae
The subfamilly Pemphredoninae also known as the aphid wasps, is a large group in the wasp family Crabronidae, with over 1000 species.
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Pernis (bird)
Pernis is a genus of birds in the raptor subfamily Perninae.
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Pharaoh
Pharaoh (ⲡⲣ̅ⲣⲟ Prro) is the common title of the monarchs of ancient Egypt from the First Dynasty (c. 3150 BCE) until the annexation of Egypt by the Roman Empire in 30 BCE, although the actual term "Pharaoh" was not used contemporaneously for a ruler until circa 1200 BCE.
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Philanthinae
The subfamilly Philanthinae is one of the largest groups in the wasp family Crabronidae, with about 1100 species in 9 genera, most of them in Cerceris; Alexander treats it as having only 8 genera.
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Phragmites
Phragmites is a genus of four species of large perennial grasses found in wetlands throughout temperate and tropical regions of the world.
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Phylogenetic tree
A phylogenetic tree or evolutionary tree is a branching diagram or "tree" showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological species or other entities—their phylogeny—based upon similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characteristics.
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Plant
Plants are mainly multicellular, predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae.
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Plato
Plato (Πλάτων Plátōn, in Classical Attic; 428/427 or 424/423 – 348/347 BC) was a philosopher in Classical Greece and the founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world.
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Pleistocene
The Pleistocene (often colloquially referred to as the Ice Age) is the geological epoch which lasted from about 2,588,000 to 11,700 years ago, spanning the world's most recent period of repeated glaciations.
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Ploidy
Ploidy is the number of complete sets of chromosomes in a cell, and hence the number of possible alleles for autosomal and pseudoautosomal genes.
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Polarization (waves)
Polarization (also polarisation) is a property applying to transverse waves that specifies the geometrical orientation of the oscillations.
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Pollen
Pollen is a fine to coarse powdery substance comprising pollen grains which are male microgametophytes of seed plants, which produce male gametes (sperm cells).
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Pollen basket
The pollen basket or corbicula (plural corbiculae) is part of the tibia on the hind legs of certain species of bees.
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Pollen wasp
Pollen wasps, the Masarinae, are unusual wasps that are typically treated as a subfamily of Vespidae, but have in the past sometimes been recognized as a separate family, "Masaridae", which also included the subfamily Euparagiinae.
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Pollination
Pollination is the transfer of pollen from a male part of a plant to a female part of a plant, enabling later fertilisation and the production of seeds, most often by an animal or by wind.
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Pollination management
Pollination management is the label for horticultural practices that accomplish or enhance pollination of a crop, to improve yield or quality, by understanding of the particular crop's pollination needs, and by knowledgeable management of pollenizers, pollinators, and pollination conditions.
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Pollinator
A pollinator is an animal that moves pollen from the male anther of a flower to the female stigma of a flower.
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Predation
Predation is a biological interaction where a predator (a hunting animal) kills and eats its prey (the organism that is attacked).
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Proboscis
A proboscis is an elongated appendage from the head of an animal, either a vertebrate or an invertebrate.
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Progressive provisioning
Progressive provisioning is a term used in entomology to refer to a form of parental behavior in which an adult (most commonly a hymenopteran such as a bee or wasp) feeds its larvae directly after they have hatched, feeding each larva repeatedly until it has completed development.
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Propolis
Propolis or bee glue is a resinous mixture that honey bees produce by mixing saliva and beeswax with exudate gathered from tree buds, sap flows, or other botanical sources.
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Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues.
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Pseudocopulation
Pseudocopulation describes behaviors similar to copulation that serve a reproductive function for one or both participants but do not involve actual sexual union between the individuals.
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Pupa
A pupa (pūpa, "doll"; plural: pūpae) is the life stage of some insects undergoing transformation between immature and mature stages.
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Pythia
The Pythia (Πῡθίᾱ) was the name of the high priestess of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi who also served as the oracle, commonly known as the Oracle of Delphi.
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Queen bee
The term "queen bee" is typically used to refer to an adult, mated female that lives in a honey bee colony or hive; she is usually the mother of most, if not all, of the bees in the beehive.
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Renée Zellweger
Renée Kathleen Zellweger (born April 25, 1969) is an American actress and producer.
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Rice
Rice is the seed of the grass species Oryza sativa (Asian rice) or Oryza glaberrima (African rice).
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Royal jelly
Royal jelly is a honey bee secretion that is used in the nutrition of larvae, as well as adult queens.
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Scavenger
Scavenging is both a carnivorous and a herbivorous feeding behavior in which the scavenger feeds on dead animal and plant material present in its habitat.
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Science (journal)
Science, also widely referred to as Science Magazine, is the peer-reviewed academic journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and one of the world's top academic journals.
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Scopa (biology)
A scopa (plural scopae; Latin for "broom") is any of a number of different modifications on the body of a non-parasitic bee that form a pollen-carrying apparatus.
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Seneca the Younger
Seneca the Younger AD65), fully Lucius Annaeus Seneca and also known simply as Seneca, was a Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, dramatist, and—in one work—satirist of the Silver Age of Latin literature.
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Sensu
Sensu is a Latin word meaning "in the sense of".
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Seta
In biology, setae (singular seta; from the Latin word for "bristle") are any of a number of different bristle- or hair-like structures on living organisms.
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Shrike
Shrikes are carnivorous passerine birds of the family Laniidae.
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Simple eye in invertebrates
A simple eye (sometimes called a pigment pit) refers to a type of eye form or optical arrangement that contains a single lens.
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Sociality
Sociality is the degree to which individuals in an animal population tend to associate in social groups (Gregariousness) and form cooperative societies.
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Society
A society is a group of individuals involved in persistent social interaction, or a large social group sharing the same geographical or social territory, typically subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations.
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Spain
Spain (España), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España), is a sovereign state mostly located on the Iberian Peninsula in Europe.
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Sphecidae
The Sphecidae are a cosmopolitan family of wasps of the suborder Apocrita that includes sand wasps, mud daubers, and other thread-waisted wasps.
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Spiracle
Spiracles are openings on the surface of some animals, which usually lead to respiratory systems.
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Squash bee
The name squash bee, also squash and gourd bee, is applied to two related genera of bees in the tribe Eucerini; Peponapis and Xenoglossa.
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Stenotritidae
The Stenotritidae is the smallest of all formally recognized bee families, with only 21 species in two genera, all of them restricted to Australia.
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Stingless bee
Stingless bees, sometimes called stingless honey bees or simply meliponines, are a large group of bees (about 500 species), comprising the tribe Meliponini (or subtribe Meliponina according to other authors).
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Sue Monk Kidd
Sue Monk Kidd (born August 12, 1948) is a writer from Sylvester, Georgia, best known for her 2002 novel The Secret Life of Bees.
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Superorganism
A superorganism or supraorganism (the latter is less frequently used but more etymologically correct) is a group of synergetically interacting organisms of the same species.
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Swarming (honey bee)
Swarming is the process by which a new honey bee colony is formed when the queen bee leaves the colony with a large group of worker bees.
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Symplesiomorphy
In phylogenetics, a plesiomorphy, symplesiomorphy or symplesiomorphic character is an ancestral character or trait state shared by two or more taxa.
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Synapomorphy and apomorphy
In phylogenetics, apomorphy and synapomorphy refer to derived characters of a clade – characters or traits that are derived from ancestral characters over evolutionary history.
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Telling the bees
The telling of the bees is a traditional European custom in which bees would be told of important events in their keeper's lives, such as births, marriages, or departures and returns in the household.
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Termite
Termites are eusocial insects that are classified at the taxonomic rank of infraorder Isoptera, or as epifamily Termitoidae within the cockroach order Blattodea.
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Tetragonula carbonaria
Tetragonula carbonaria (previously known as Trigona carbonaria) is a stingless bee, endemic to the north-east coast of Australia.
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The Bee on the Comb
The Bee on the Comb is an armchair treasure hunt book, written and illustrated by Kit Williams and published in May 1984.
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The Daily Telegraph
The Daily Telegraph, commonly referred to simply as The Telegraph, is a national British daily broadsheet newspaper published in London by Telegraph Media Group and distributed across the United Kingdom and internationally.
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The Guardian
The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.
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The New York Times
The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.
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The Observer
The Observer is a British newspaper published on Sundays.
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The Secret Life of Bees (film)
The Secret Life of Bees is a 2008 American drama film, adapted from the novel The Secret Life of Bees by Sue Monk Kidd.
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The Secret Life of Bees (novel)
The Secret Life of Bees is a book by author Sue Monk Kidd.
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The Tale of Mrs. Tittlemouse
The Tale of Mrs.
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Thelytoky
Thelytoky (from the Greek thēlys "female" and tokos "birth") is a type of parthenogenesis in which females are produced from unfertilized eggs, as for example in aphids.
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Thiamethoxam
Thiamethoxam is a systemic insecticide in the class of neonicotinoids.
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Thomisidae
The Thomisidae are a family of spiders, including about 175 genera and over 2,100 species.
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Thriae
The Thriae or Thriai were nymphs, three virginal sisters, one of a number of such triads (called "maiden trinities" by Jane Ellen Harrison) in Greek mythology.
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Townsendiella
Townsendiella is a genus of cuckoo bees in the family Apidae.
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Treasure hunt (game)
A treasure hunt is one of many different types of games with five or more players who try to find hidden objects or places by following a series of clues.
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Triassic
The Triassic is a geologic period and system which spans 50.6 million years from the end of the Permian Period 251.9 million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Jurassic Period Mya.
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Tutankhamun
Tutankhamun (alternatively spelled with Tutenkh-, -amen, -amon) was an Egyptian pharaoh of the 18th dynasty (ruled c. 1332–1323 BC in the conventional chronology), during the period of Egyptian history known as the New Kingdom or sometimes the New Empire Period.
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Urbanization
Urbanization refers to the population shift from rural to urban residency, the gradual increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas, and the ways in which each society adapts to this change.
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Varroa
Varroa is a genus of parasitic mites associated with honey bees, placed in its own family, Varroidae.
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Venom
Venomous Animals Venom is a form of toxin secreted by an animal for the purpose of causing harm to another.
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Vespidae
The Vespidae are a large (nearly 5000 species), diverse, cosmopolitan family of wasps, including nearly all the known eusocial wasps (such as Polistes fuscatus, Vespa orientalis, and Vespula germanica) and many solitary wasps.
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Vespoidea
The Vespoidea are a superfamily of wasps in the order Hymenoptera, although older taxonomic schemes may vary in this categorization, particularly in their recognition of a now-obsolete superfamily Scolioidea, as well as the relationship to ants.
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Virgil
Publius Vergilius Maro (traditional dates October 15, 70 BC – September 21, 19 BC), usually called Virgil or Vergil in English, was an ancient Roman poet of the Augustan period.
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W. B. Yeats
William Butler Yeats (13 June 186528 January 1939) was an Irish poet and one of the foremost figures of 20th-century literature.
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W. D. Hamilton
William Donald Hamilton, FRS (1 August 1936 – 7 March 2000) was an English evolutionary biologist, widely recognised as one of the most significant evolutionary theorists of the 20th century.
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Waggle dance
Waggle dance is a term used in beekeeping and ethology for a particular figure-eight dance of the honey bee.
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Wasp
A wasp is any insect of the order Hymenoptera and suborder Apocrita that is neither a bee nor an ant.
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Western honey bee
The western honey bee or European honey bee (Apis mellifera) is the most common of the 7–12 species of honey bee worldwide.
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William Shakespeare
William Shakespeare (26 April 1564 (baptised)—23 April 1616) was an English poet, playwright and actor, widely regarded as both the greatest writer in the English language, and the world's pre-eminent dramatist.
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Wood
Wood is a porous and fibrous structural tissue found in the stems and roots of trees and other woody plants.
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Worker bee
A worker bee is any female (eusocial) bee that lacks the full reproductive capacity of the colony's queen bee; under most circumstances, this is correlated to an increase in certain non-reproductive activities relative to a queen, as well.
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Worker policing
Worker policing is a behavior seen in colonies of social hymenopterans (ants, bees, and wasps) whereby worker females eat or remove eggs that have been laid by other workers rather than those laid by a queen.
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Ypresian
In the geologic timescale the Ypresian is the oldest age or lowest stratigraphic stage of the Eocene.
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Redirects here:
Anthophila, Apiforme, Apiformes, Bee flight, Bees, Ground bee, Ground bees, Life cycles of bees, Solitary bee, Solitary bees, Specialization in bees.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bee
