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152 relations: Abies nordmanniana, Aesculus hippocastanum, Agasyllis, Alaska, Albania, Alnus viridis, Altai-Sayan region, Anatolia, Andorra, Anemone baicalensis, Arctic Ocean, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Armen Takhtajan, Armenia, Astragalus, Astrantia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Berardia, Betula nana, Betula raddeana, Black Sea, Boreal Kingdom, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Calamagrostis villosa, Campanula carpatica, Campanula lactiflora, Campanula zoysii, Canada, Caropsis, Caucasus, Cladochaeta (plant), Colchicum laetum, Corylus colchica, Croatia, Czech Republic, Daphne pontica, Denmark, Dianthus alpinus, Dioscorea balcanica, Eastern Asiatic Region, Endemism, Erinus, Estonia, Eurasia, Europe, Family (biology), ..., Finland, Flora of Azerbaijan, Flora of Canada, Flora of Lithuania, Flora of North America, Flora of Romania, Flora of Svalbard, Flora of the Faroe Islands, Flora of the Republic of Macedonia, France, Genista anglica, Gentiana paradoxa, Genus, Georgia (country), Geranium renardii, Germany, Glacial period, Greece, Greenland, Haberlea, Hacquetia, Hedera colchica, Heracleum mantegazzianum, Hungary, Hypericum bupleuroides, Hypericum xylosteifolium, Iceland, Inula magnifica, Irano-Turanian Region, Ireland, Italy, Josias Braun-Blanquet, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Latvia, Leontopodium nivale, Lilium monadelphum, List of the vascular plants of Britain and Ireland, List of vascular plants of the Karelian Isthmus, Lithuania, Lunaria, Luxembourg, Mediterranean Basin, Michigan, Microstigma, Minnesota, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Narcissus poeticus, Netherlands, New England, North America, North American Atlantic Region, Norway, Oxytropis, Paeonia daurica subsp. wittmanniana, Papaver radicatum, Phytochorion, Phytogeography, Picea omorika, Pinus heldreichii, Pinus peuce, Pleistocene, Poland, Portugal, Pulmonaria, Quercus hartwissiana, Quercus pontica, Ramonda (plant), Ramonda nathaliae, Ramonda serbica, Republic of Macedonia, Rheum rhaponticum, Rhododendron hirsutum, Rocky Mountains, Romania, Russia, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Salix arctica, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Soldanella, Spain, Species, Staphylea colchica, Stratiotes, Sweden, Switzerland, Syringa josikaea, Taiga, Telekia, Trachystemon orientalis, Tundra, Turkey, Ukraine, Ulex europaeus, United Kingdom, United States, Vaccinium arctostaphylos, Vaccinium vitis-idaea. Expand index (102 more) »
Abies nordmanniana
Abies nordmanniana, the Nordmann fir or Caucasian fir, is a fir indigenous to the mountains south and east of the Black Sea, in Turkey, Georgia and the Russian Caucasus.
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Aesculus hippocastanum
Aesculus hippocastanum is a species of flowering plant in the soapberry and lychee family Sapindaceae.
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Agasyllis
Agasyllis caucasica is a species of flowering plants of the Apiaceae family and the only species of genus Agasyllis.
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Alaska
Alaska (Alax̂sxax̂) is a U.S. state located in the northwest extremity of North America.
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Albania
Albania (Shqipëri/Shqipëria; Shqipni/Shqipnia or Shqypni/Shqypnia), officially the Republic of Albania (Republika e Shqipërisë), is a country in Southeastern Europe.
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Alnus viridis
Alnus viridis (green alder) is an alder distributed widely across the cooler parts of the Northern Hemisphere.
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Altai-Sayan region
The Altai-Sayan region is an area of central Asia proximate to the Altai Mountains and the Sayan Mountains, near to where Russia, China, Mongolia and Kazakhstan come together.
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Anatolia
Anatolia (Modern Greek: Ανατολία Anatolía, from Ἀνατολή Anatolḗ,; "east" or "rise"), also known as Asia Minor (Medieval and Modern Greek: Μικρά Ἀσία Mikrá Asía, "small Asia"), Asian Turkey, the Anatolian peninsula, or the Anatolian plateau, is the westernmost protrusion of Asia, which makes up the majority of modern-day Turkey.
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Andorra
Andorra, officially the Principality of Andorra (Principat d'Andorra), also called the Principality of the Valleys of Andorra (Principat de les Valls d'Andorra), is a sovereign landlocked microstate on the Iberian Peninsula, in the eastern Pyrenees, bordered by France in the north and Spain in the south.
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Anemone baicalensis
Anemone baicalensis is a species of flowering plant in the genus Anemone.
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Arctic Ocean
The Arctic Ocean is the smallest and shallowest of the world's five major oceans.
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Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi is a plant species of the genus Arctostaphylos (manzanita).
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Armen Takhtajan
Armen Leonovich Takhtajan or Takhtajian (Արմեն Լևոնի Թախտաջյան; Армен Леонович Тахтаджян; surname also transliterated Takhtadjan, Takhtadzhi︠a︡n or Takhtadzhian, pronounced TAHK-tuh-jahn) (June 10, 1910 – November 13, 2009), was a Soviet-Armenian botanist, one of the most important figures in 20th century plant evolution and systematics and biogeography.
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Armenia
Armenia (translit), officially the Republic of Armenia (translit), is a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia.
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Astragalus
Astragalus is a large genus of about 3,000 species of herbs and small shrubs, belonging to the legume family Fabaceae and the subfamily Faboideae.
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Astrantia
Astrantia is a genus of herbaceous plants in the family Apiaceae, endemic to Central, Eastern and Southern Europe and the Caucasus.
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Austria
Austria (Österreich), officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich), is a federal republic and a landlocked country of over 8.8 million people in Central Europe.
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Azerbaijan
No description.
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Belarus
Belarus (Беларусь, Biełaruś,; Беларусь, Belarus'), officially the Republic of Belarus (Рэспубліка Беларусь; Республика Беларусь), formerly known by its Russian name Byelorussia or Belorussia (Белоруссия, Byelorussiya), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe bordered by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest.
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Belgium
Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Western Europe bordered by France, the Netherlands, Germany and Luxembourg.
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Berardia
Berardia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the aster family, Asteraceae, containing the single species Berardia subacaulis.
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Betula nana
Betula nana, the dwarf birch, is a species of birch in the family Betulaceae, found mainly in the tundra of the Arctic region.
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Betula raddeana
Betula raddeana is a species of plant in the Betulaceae family.
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Black Sea
The Black Sea is a body of water and marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean between Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, and Western Asia.
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Boreal Kingdom
The Boreal Kingdom or Holarctic Kingdom (Holarctis) is a floristic kingdom identified by botanist Ronald Good (and later by Armen Takhtajan), which includes the temperate to Arctic portions of North America and Eurasia.
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Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina (or; abbreviated B&H; Bosnian and Serbian: Bosna i Hercegovina (BiH) / Боснa и Херцеговина (БиХ), Croatian: Bosna i Hercegovina (BiH)), sometimes called Bosnia-Herzegovina, and often known informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeastern Europe located on the Balkan Peninsula.
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Bulgaria
Bulgaria (България, tr.), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (Република България, tr.), is a country in southeastern Europe.
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Calamagrostis villosa
Calamagrostis villosa is a species of flowering plant from the Poaceae family which is native to Europe.
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Campanula carpatica
Campanula carpatica, the tussock bellflower or Carpathian harebell, is a species of flowering plant in the family Campanulaceae, native to the Carpathian Mountains of Central Europe.
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Campanula lactiflora
Campanula lactiflora, the milky bellflower, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Campanula of the family Campanulaceae, native to Turkey and the Caucasus.
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Campanula zoysii
Campanula zoysii, known commonly as Zois' Bellflower, Zoysi's Harebell, or Crimped Bellflower) is a flower in the genus Campanula (bellflowers).
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Canada
Canada is a country located in the northern part of North America.
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Caropsis
Caropsis verticillatoinundata is a species of flowering plant in the Apiaceae, the only member of the genus Caropsis.
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Caucasus
The Caucasus or Caucasia is a region located at the border of Europe and Asia, situated between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea and occupied by Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia.
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Cladochaeta (plant)
Cladochaeta is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family.
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Colchicum laetum
Colchicum laetum is a species of Colchicum found in south east Russia through to the Caucasus.
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Corylus colchica
Corylus colchica is species of hazelnut endemic to Armenia and Georgia in the Caucasus region.
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Croatia
Croatia (Hrvatska), officially the Republic of Croatia (Republika Hrvatska), is a country at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, on the Adriatic Sea.
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Czech Republic
The Czech Republic (Česká republika), also known by its short-form name Czechia (Česko), is a landlocked country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west, Austria to the south, Slovakia to the east and Poland to the northeast.
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Daphne pontica
Daphne pontica, commonly known as twin-flowered or Pontic daphne, is a species of flowering plant in the family Thymelaeaceae, native to Bulgaria, northern Turkey and the Caucasus.
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Denmark
Denmark (Danmark), officially the Kingdom of Denmark,Kongeriget Danmark,.
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Dianthus alpinus
Dianthus alpinus, Alpine Pink is a perennial herb endemic in the Alps of Eastern Austria.
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Dioscorea balcanica
Dioscorea balcanica is a herbaceous perennial in the Dioscoreaceae family.
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Eastern Asiatic Region
The Eastern Asiatic Region (also known as Oriasiaticum, Sino-Japanese Region, East Asian Region, Temperate Eastern Region) is the richest floristic region within the Holarctic Kingdom and situated in temperate East Asia.
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Endemism
Endemism is the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation, country or other defined zone, or habitat type; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere.
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Erinus
Erinus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Plantaginaceae (previously in the family Scrophulariaceae), native to stony mountainous sites in North Africa and southern Europe.
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Estonia
Estonia (Eesti), officially the Republic of Estonia (Eesti Vabariik), is a sovereign state in Northern Europe.
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Eurasia
Eurasia is a combined continental landmass of Europe and Asia.
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Europe
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.
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Family (biology)
In biological classification, family (familia, plural familiae) is one of the eight major taxonomic ranks; it is classified between order and genus.
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Finland
Finland (Suomi; Finland), officially the Republic of Finland is a country in Northern Europe bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and Gulf of Finland, between Norway to the north, Sweden to the northwest, and Russia to the east.
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Flora of Azerbaijan
Flora of Azerbaijan or Vegetation of Azerbaijan refers to the plants, trees, flowers which can be found in Azerbaijan.
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Flora of Canada
The flora of Canada is quite diverse, due to the wide range of ecoregions and environmental conditions present in Canada.
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Flora of Lithuania
The Lietuva is estimated to comprise about 10,600 species.
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Flora of North America
The Flora of North America North of Mexico (usually referred to as FNA) is a multivolume work describing the native plants of North America.
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Flora of Romania
The flora of Romania comprises around 3,450 species of vascular plants, which represents around 30% of the vascular flora of Europe.
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Flora of Svalbard
There are 164 vascular plant species on the Norwegian Arctic archipelago of Svalbard.
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Flora of the Faroe Islands
The flora of the Faroe Islands consists of over 400 different plant species.
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Flora of the Republic of Macedonia
The flora of the Republic of Macedonia is represented with around 210 families, 920 genera, and around 3,700 plant species.
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France
France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.
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Genista anglica
Genista anglica (petty whin, needle furze, needle whin) is a shrubby flowering plant of the family Fabaceae which can be found growing in Cornwall, Wales and eastern Scotland.
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Gentiana paradoxa
Gentiana paradoxa is a species of flowering plant in the family Gentianaceae, endemic to the foothills of the Greater Caucasus Mountains in western Asia, near the Black Sea.
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Genus
A genus (genera) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, as well as viruses, in biology.
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Georgia (country)
Georgia (tr) is a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia.
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Geranium renardii
Geranium renardii is a species of hardy flowering herbaceous perennial plant in the genus Geranium, in the family Geraniaceae.
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Germany
Germany (Deutschland), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (Bundesrepublik Deutschland), is a sovereign state in central-western Europe.
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Glacial period
A glacial period (alternatively glacial or glaciation) is an interval of time (thousands of years) within an ice age that is marked by colder temperatures and glacier advances.
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Greece
No description.
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Greenland
Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat,; Grønland) is an autonomous constituent country within the Kingdom of Denmark between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.
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Haberlea
Haberlea is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Gesneriaceae.
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Hacquetia
Hacquetia is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived from the early to middle Eocene.
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Hedera colchica
Hedera colchica is a species of ivy (genus Hedera) which is native to Near and Middle East.
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Heracleum mantegazzianum
Heracleum mantegazzianum, commonly known as giant hogweed, cartwheel-flower, giant cow parsnip, hogsbane or giant cow parsley, is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae.
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Hungary
Hungary (Magyarország) is a country in Central Europe that covers an area of in the Carpathian Basin, bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Austria to the northwest, Romania to the east, Serbia to the south, Croatia to the southwest, and Slovenia to the west.
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Hypericum bupleuroides
Hypericum bupleuroides is a species of perennial herb in the genus Hypericum, the sole species in the section Bupleuroides.
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Hypericum xylosteifolium
Hypericum xylosteifolium is the sole species in the section ''Inodora'' of the genus Hypericum.
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Iceland
Iceland is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic, with a population of and an area of, making it the most sparsely populated country in Europe.
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Inula magnifica
Inula magnifica, the giant fleabane, is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family, native to the eastern Caucasus.
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Irano-Turanian Region
The Irano-Turanian Region is a floristic region located within the Tethyan Subkingdom of the Holarctic Kingdom.
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Ireland
Ireland (Éire; Ulster-Scots: Airlann) is an island in the North Atlantic.
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Italy
Italy (Italia), officially the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), is a sovereign state in Europe.
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Josias Braun-Blanquet
Josias Braun-Blanquet (3 August 1884 – 20 September 1980) was an influential phytosociologist and botanist.
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Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan (Qazaqstan,; kəzɐxˈstan), officially the Republic of Kazakhstan (Qazaqstan Respýblıkasy; Respublika Kazakhstan), is the world's largest landlocked country, and the ninth largest in the world, with an area of.
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Kosovo
Kosovo (Kosova or Kosovë; Косово) is a partially recognised state and disputed territory in Southeastern Europe that declared independence from Serbia in February 2008 as the Republic of Kosovo (Republika e Kosovës; Република Косово / Republika Kosovo).
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Latvia
Latvia (or; Latvija), officially the Republic of Latvia (Latvijas Republika), is a sovereign state in the Baltic region of Northern Europe.
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Leontopodium nivale
Leontopodium nivale, commonly called edelweiss (English pronunciation), is a well-known mountain flower, belonging to the daisy or sunflower family, Asteraceae.
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Lilium monadelphum
Lilium monadelphum is a bulbous plant native to Crimea and to North and South Caucasus.
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List of the vascular plants of Britain and Ireland
This is the parent page for the list of vascular plants of Britain and Ireland.
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List of vascular plants of the Karelian Isthmus
This is a comprehensive list of the vascular plants of the Karelian Isthmus, a land mass in Russia connected to Finland on one side and otherwise surrounded by three bodies of water: the Gulf of Finland, the Neva River, and Lake Ladoga.
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Lithuania
Lithuania (Lietuva), officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika), is a country in the Baltic region of northern-eastern Europe.
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Lunaria
Lunaria (common name honesty) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Brassicaceae, native to central and southern Europe.
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Luxembourg
Luxembourg (Lëtzebuerg; Luxembourg, Luxemburg), officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, is a landlocked country in western Europe.
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Mediterranean Basin
In biogeography, the Mediterranean Basin (also known as the Mediterranean region or sometimes Mediterranea) is the region of lands around the Mediterranean Sea that have a Mediterranean climate, with mild, rainy winters and hot, dry summers, which supports characteristic Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub vegetation.
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Michigan
Michigan is a state in the Great Lakes and Midwestern regions of the United States.
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Microstigma
Microstigma is a species of damselflies belonging to the family Pseudostigmatidae.
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Minnesota
Minnesota is a state in the Upper Midwest and northern regions of the United States.
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Moldova
Moldova (or sometimes), officially the Republic of Moldova (Republica Moldova), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north, east, and south (by way of the disputed territory of Transnistria).
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Mongolia
Mongolia (Monggol Ulus in Mongolian; in Mongolian Cyrillic) is a landlocked unitary sovereign state in East Asia.
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Montenegro
Montenegro (Montenegrin: Црна Гора / Crna Gora, meaning "Black Mountain") is a sovereign state in Southeastern Europe.
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Narcissus poeticus
Narcissus poeticus (poet's daffodil, poet's narcissus, nargis, pheasant's eye, findern flower, and pinkster lily) was one of the first daffodils to be cultivated, and is frequently identified as the narcissus of ancient times (although Narcissus tazetta and Narcissus jonquilla have also been considered as possibilities).
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Netherlands
The Netherlands (Nederland), often referred to as Holland, is a country located mostly in Western Europe with a population of seventeen million.
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New England
New England is a geographical region comprising six states of the northeastern United States: Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut.
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North America
North America is a continent entirely within the Northern Hemisphere and almost all within the Western Hemisphere; it is also considered by some to be a northern subcontinent of the Americas.
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North American Atlantic Region
North American Atlantic Region is a floristic region within the Holarctic Kingdom identified by Armen Takhtajan and Robert F. Thorne, spanning from the Atlantic and Gulf coasts to the Great Plains and comprising a major part of the United States and southeastern portions of Canada.
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Norway
Norway (Norwegian: (Bokmål) or (Nynorsk); Norga), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a unitary sovereign state whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the remote island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard.
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Oxytropis
Oxytropis is a genus of plants in the legume family.
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Paeonia daurica subsp. wittmanniana
Paeonia daurica subsp.
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Papaver radicatum
Papaver radicatum is a species of poppy known by the common names Arctic poppy, rooted poppy, and yellow poppy.
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Phytochorion
A phytochorion, in phytogeography, is a geographic area with a relatively uniform composition of plant species.
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Phytogeography
Phytogeography (from Greek φυτό, phyto.
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Picea omorika
Picea omorika, common name Serbian spruce (Панчићева оморика, Pančićeva omorika), is a species of coniferous tree endemic to the Drina River valley in western Serbia, and eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a total range of only about 60 ha, at altitude.
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Pinus heldreichii
Pinus heldreichii (synonym P. leucodermis; family Pinaceae), the Heldreich’s pine or Bosnian pine, is a species of pine native to mountainous areas of the Balkans and southern Italy.
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Pinus peuce
Pinus peuce (Macedonian pine or Balkan Pine) (Serbian/Macedonian: Молика, Molika; Bulgarian: Бяла мура, Byala mura) is a species of pine native to the mountains of Macedonia, Bulgaria, Albania, Montenegro, Kosovo, the extreme southwest of Serbia, and the extreme north of Greece,Farjon, A. (2005).
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Pleistocene
The Pleistocene (often colloquially referred to as the Ice Age) is the geological epoch which lasted from about 2,588,000 to 11,700 years ago, spanning the world's most recent period of repeated glaciations.
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Poland
Poland (Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country located in Central Europe.
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Portugal
Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa),In recognized minority languages of Portugal: Portugal is the oldest state in the Iberian Peninsula and one of the oldest in Europe, its territory having been continuously settled, invaded and fought over since prehistoric times.
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Pulmonaria
Pulmonaria (lungwort) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Boraginaceae, native to Europe and western Asia, with one species (P. mollissima) east to central Asia.
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Quercus hartwissiana
Quercus hartwissiana, the Strandzha oak (странджански дъб), is a species of oak, native to southeastern Bulgaria, northern Asia Minor along the Black Sea, and the Caucasus.
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Quercus pontica
Quercus pontica, the Pontine oak or Armenian oak, is a species of oak native to the western Caucasus mountains of Georgia and northeastern Turkey and Armenia, where it grows at altitudes of 1,300-2,100 m.
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Ramonda (plant)
Ramonda is a genus of three species of flowering plants in the family Gesneriaceae, native to shady, rocky places in north eastern Spain, the Pyrenees and south eastern Europe.
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Ramonda nathaliae
Ramonda nathaliae, also known as Natalie's ramonda, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Ramonda that grows in Serbia and Macedonia, mostly in the east of both countries.
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Ramonda serbica
Ramonda serbica, also known as Serbian ramonda and Serbian phoenix flower, is a species in the Gesneriaceae family.
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Republic of Macedonia
Macedonia (translit), officially the Republic of Macedonia, is a country in the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe.
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Rheum rhaponticum
Rheum rhaponticum, the false rhubarb, rhapontic rhubarb or rhapontic, is a plant species found in the wild in the genus Rheum.
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Rhododendron hirsutum
Rhododendron hirsutum, the hairy alpenrose is one of the species of Rhododendron native to the mountains of Europe.
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Rocky Mountains
The Rocky Mountains, also known as the Rockies, are a major mountain range in western North America.
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Romania
Romania (România) is a sovereign state located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe.
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Russia
Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.
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Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Saint Pierre and Miquelon, officially the Overseas Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Collectivité d'Outre-mer de Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon), is a self-governing territorial overseas collectivity of France, situated in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean near the Newfoundland and Labrador province of Canada.
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Salix arctica
Salix arctica, the arctic willow, is a tiny creeping willow (family Salicaceae).
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Serbia
Serbia (Србија / Srbija),Pannonian Rusyn: Сербия; Szerbia; Albanian and Romanian: Serbia; Slovak and Czech: Srbsko,; Сърбия.
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Slovakia
Slovakia (Slovensko), officially the Slovak Republic (Slovenská republika), is a landlocked country in Central Europe.
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Slovenia
Slovenia (Slovenija), officially the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene:, abbr.: RS), is a country in southern Central Europe, located at the crossroads of main European cultural and trade routes.
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Soldanella
The genus Soldanella, commonly known in English as snowbell, includes about 15 species of flowering plants native to European mountains, from the Pyrenees, the Apennines, the Alps, the Carpathians and the Balkans.
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Spain
Spain (España), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España), is a sovereign state mostly located on the Iberian Peninsula in Europe.
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Species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank, as well as a unit of biodiversity, but it has proven difficult to find a satisfactory definition.
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Staphylea colchica
Staphylea colchica (Caucasian bladdernut or Colchis bladdernut, ჯონჯოლი, jonjoli) is an ornamental shrub in the Staphyleaceae family, which is native to western Georgia.
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Stratiotes
Stratiotes is a genus of submerged aquatic plant commonly known as water soldiers, described as a genus by Linnaeus in 1753.
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Sweden
Sweden (Sverige), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.
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Switzerland
Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a sovereign state in Europe.
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Syringa josikaea
Syringa josikaea, the Hungarian lilac, is a species of lilac, native to central and eastern Europe, in the Carpathian Mountains in Hungary, Romania, and western Ukraine.
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Taiga
Taiga (p; from Turkic), also known as boreal forest or snow forest, is a biome characterized by coniferous forests consisting mostly of pines, spruces and larches.
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Telekia
Telekia is a genus of flowering plant, of the family Asteraceae.
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Trachystemon orientalis
Trachystemon orientalis, commonly known as Abraham-Isaac-Jacob, is a perennial herb of the family Boraginaceae.
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Tundra
In physical geography, tundra is a type of biome where the tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons.
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Turkey
Turkey (Türkiye), officially the Republic of Turkey (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe.
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Ukraine
Ukraine (Ukrayina), sometimes called the Ukraine, is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast; Belarus to the northwest; Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively.
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Ulex europaeus
Ulex europaeus (gorse, common gorse, furze or whin) is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to portions of Europe from the northern United Kingdom south to Portugal, and from the western Republic of Ireland east to Galicja in Poland and Ukraine.
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.
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United States
The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.
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Vaccinium arctostaphylos
Vaccinium arctostaphylos or Caucasian whortleberry is a species of shrub with edible fruit of blue color.
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Vaccinium vitis-idaea
Vaccinium vitis-idaea (lingonberry, partridgeberry, or cowberry) is a short evergreen shrub in the heath family that bears edible fruit, native to boreal forest and Arctic tundra throughout the Northern Hemisphere from Eurasia to North America.
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Redirects here:
Canadian Province (biology), Circumboreal, Circumboreal region.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumboreal_Region
