Table of Contents
224 relations: Abir Congo Company, Absolute monarchy, Adam Hochschild, Africa, African Studies Review, African trypanosomiasis, Alabama, Alfred Sharpe, American Colonization Society, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Angola, Arthur Conan Doyle, Aruwimi River, Atrocities in the Congo Free State, Austria-Hungary, Équateur (former province), Barghash bin Said of Zanzibar, Batetela rebellion, Battle of Rejaf, Belgian Anti-Slavery Society, Belgian Congo, Belgian Federal Parliament, Belgium, Berlin Conference, Bertrand Russell, Blackwood's Magazine, Boma (enclosure), Boma, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Booker T. Washington, British Central Africa Protectorate, British South Africa Company, Brussels, Brussels Anti-Slavery Conference 1889–90, Brussels Conference Act of 1890, Brussels Geographic Conference, Cambridge University Press, Canadians, Cape Colony, Capital punishment, Casement Report, Catholic Church in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Cause célèbre, Cecil Rhodes, Centime, Central Africa, Central African Republic, Chester A. Arthur, Christian de Bonchamps, Civilizing mission, Colonial Charter on the Belgian annexation of the Congo Free State, ... Expand index (174 more) »
- 1885 establishments in the Congo Free State
- 1908 disestablishments in Africa
- Belgian colonisation in Africa
- Belgium–Democratic Republic of the Congo relations
- Blue and yellow flags
- Former Belgian colonies
- History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo by period
- Leopold II of Belgium
- Political history of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
- States and territories disestablished in 1908
- States and territories established in 1885
Abir Congo Company
The Abir Congo Company (founded as the Anglo-Belgian India Rubber Company and later known as the Compagnie du Congo Belge) was a company that exploited natural rubber in the Congo Free State, the private property of King Leopold II of Belgium. Congo Free State and Abir Congo Company are Belgian colonisation in Africa and Leopold II of Belgium.
See Congo Free State and Abir Congo Company
Absolute monarchy
Absolute monarchy is a form of monarchy in which the sovereign is the sole source of political power, unconstrained by constitutions, legislatures or other checks on their authority.
See Congo Free State and Absolute monarchy
Adam Hochschild
Adam Hochschild (born October 5, 1942) is an American author, journalist, historian and lecturer.
See Congo Free State and Adam Hochschild
Africa
Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia.
See Congo Free State and Africa
African Studies Review
The African Studies Review is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering African studies.
See Congo Free State and African Studies Review
African trypanosomiasis
African trypanosomiasis is an insect-borne parasitic infection of humans and other animals.
See Congo Free State and African trypanosomiasis
Alabama
Alabama is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States.
See Congo Free State and Alabama
Alfred Sharpe
Sir Alfred Sharpe (19 May 1853 – 10 December 1935) was Commissioner and Consul-General for the British Central Africa Protectorate and first Governor of Nyasaland.
See Congo Free State and Alfred Sharpe
American Colonization Society
The American Colonization Society (ACS), initially the Society for the Colonization of Free People of Color of America, was an American organization founded in 1816 by Robert Finley to encourage and support the repatriation of freeborn people of color and emancipated slaves to the continent of Africa.
See Congo Free State and American Colonization Society
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (السودان الإنجليزي المصري) was a condominium of the United Kingdom and Egypt between 1899 and 1956, corresponding mostly to the territory of present-day South Sudan and Sudan.
See Congo Free State and Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
Angola
Angola, officially the Republic of Angola, is a country on the west-central coast of Southern Africa.
See Congo Free State and Angola
Arthur Conan Doyle
Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle (22 May 1859 – 7 July 1930) was a British writer and physician.
See Congo Free State and Arthur Conan Doyle
Aruwimi River
The Aruwimi River (Mto Aruwimi, Rivière Aruwimi) is a tributary of the Congo River, located to the north and east of the Congo.
See Congo Free State and Aruwimi River
Atrocities in the Congo Free State
From 1885 to 1908, many atrocities were committed in the Congo Free State (today the Democratic Republic of the Congo) under the absolute rule of King Leopold II of Belgium. Congo Free State and atrocities in the Congo Free State are Leopold II of Belgium.
See Congo Free State and Atrocities in the Congo Free State
Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918.
See Congo Free State and Austria-Hungary
Équateur (former province)
Équateur (French for "Equator") was a province in the northwest of the Belgian Congo and the successor Republic of the Congo, now known as Democratic Republic of the Congo.
See Congo Free State and Équateur (former province)
Barghash bin Said of Zanzibar
Sayyid Barghash bin Said al-Busaidi (1836 – 26 March 1888) (برغش بن سعيد البوسعيدي), an Omani Sultan and the son of Said bin Sultan, was the second Sultan of Zanzibar.
See Congo Free State and Barghash bin Said of Zanzibar
Batetela rebellion
The Batetela rebellion (Révolte des Batetela) was a series of three military mutinies and a subsequent low-level insurgency which was attributed to members of the Tetela ethnic group in the Congo Free State between 1895 and 1908.
See Congo Free State and Batetela rebellion
Battle of Rejaf
The Battle of Rejaf, also known as the Battle of Bedden, was fought on 17 February 1897 between the Belgian-led forces of the Congo Free State and Mahdist rebels in Rejaf (now in present-day South Sudan). Congo Free State and Battle of Rejaf are Belgian colonisation in Africa, former Belgian colonies and former colonies in Africa.
See Congo Free State and Battle of Rejaf
Belgian Anti-Slavery Society
The Belgian Anti-Slavery Society (Société antiesclavagiste de Belgique, Antislavernijmaatschappij van België) was a 19th-century organization, with the goal of putting an end to the Arab slave trade in the African continent.
See Congo Free State and Belgian Anti-Slavery Society
Belgian Congo
The Belgian Congo (Congo belge,; Belgisch-Congo) was a Belgian colony in Central Africa from 1908 until independence in 1960 and became the Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville). Congo Free State and Belgian Congo are Belgian colonisation in Africa, Belgium–Democratic Republic of the Congo relations, former Belgian colonies, former colonies in Africa, history of the Democratic Republic of the Congo by period and political history of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
See Congo Free State and Belgian Congo
Belgian Federal Parliament
The Federal Parliament is the bicameral parliament of Belgium.
See Congo Free State and Belgian Federal Parliament
Belgium
Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe.
See Congo Free State and Belgium
Berlin Conference
The Berlin Conference of 1884–1885 met on 15 November 1884 and, after an adjournment, concluded on 26 February 1885 with the signature of a General Act, by Keith, Arthur Berriedale, 1919, p. 52.
See Congo Free State and Berlin Conference
Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell, (18 May 1872 – 2 February 1970) was a British mathematician, logician, philosopher, and public intellectual.
See Congo Free State and Bertrand Russell
Blackwood's Magazine
Blackwood's Magazine was a British magazine and miscellany printed between 1817 and 1980.
See Congo Free State and Blackwood's Magazine
Boma (enclosure)
A boma is a livestock enclosure, community enclosure, stockade, corral, small fort or a district government office, commonly used in many parts of the African Great Lakes region, as well as Central and Southern Africa.
See Congo Free State and Boma (enclosure)
Boma, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Boma is a port town on the Congo River, some upstream from the Atlantic Ocean, in the Kongo Central Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), adjacent to the border with Angola.
See Congo Free State and Boma, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Booker T. Washington
Booker Taliaferro Washington (April 5, 1856November 14, 1915) was an American educator, author, and orator.
See Congo Free State and Booker T. Washington
British Central Africa Protectorate
The British Central Africa Protectorate (BCA) was a British protectorate proclaimed in 1889 and ratified in 1891 that occupied the same area as present-day Malawi: it was renamed Nyasaland in 1907.
See Congo Free State and British Central Africa Protectorate
British South Africa Company
The British South Africa Company (BSAC or BSACo) was chartered in 1889 following the amalgamation of Cecil Rhodes' Central Search Association and the London-based Exploring Company Ltd, which had originally competed to capitalize on the expected mineral wealth of Mashonaland but united because of common economic interests and to secure British government backing.
See Congo Free State and British South Africa Company
Brussels
Brussels (Bruxelles,; Brussel), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) (Région de Bruxelles-Capitale; Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest), is a region of Belgium comprising 19 municipalities, including the City of Brussels, which is the capital of Belgium.
See Congo Free State and Brussels
Brussels Anti-Slavery Conference 1889–90
The Brussels Anti-Slavery Conference of 1889-1890 was held from 18 November 1889 to 2 July 1890 in Brussels and concluded with the adoption of the Brussels Conference Act of 1890 on the prohibition of slave trade and slavery in Africa.
See Congo Free State and Brussels Anti-Slavery Conference 1889–90
Brussels Conference Act of 1890
The Brussels Conference Act of 1890 (full title: Convention Relative to the Slave Trade and Importation into Africa of Firearms, Ammunition, and Spiritous Liquors) was a collection of anti-slavery measures signed in Brussels on 2 July 1890 (and which entered into force on 31 August 1891) to, as the act itself puts it, "put an end to Negro Slave Trade by land as well as by sea, and to improve the moral and material conditions of existence of the native races".
See Congo Free State and Brussels Conference Act of 1890
Brussels Geographic Conference
The Brussels Geographic Conference was held in Brussels, Belgium in September 1876 at the request of King Leopold II of Belgium.
See Congo Free State and Brussels Geographic Conference
Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge.
See Congo Free State and Cambridge University Press
Canadians
Canadians (Canadiens) are people identified with the country of Canada.
See Congo Free State and Canadians
Cape Colony
The Cape Colony (Kaapkolonie), also known as the Cape of Good Hope, was a British colony in present-day South Africa named after the Cape of Good Hope.
See Congo Free State and Cape Colony
Capital punishment
Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty and formerly called judicial homicide, is the state-sanctioned killing of a person as punishment for actual or supposed misconduct.
See Congo Free State and Capital punishment
Casement Report
The Casement Report was a 1904 document written at the behest of the British Government by Roger Casement (1864–1916)—a British diplomat and future Irish independence fighter—detailing abuses in the Congo Free State which was under the private ownership of King Leopold II of Belgium.
See Congo Free State and Casement Report
Catholic Church in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Catholicism has a major presence in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).
See Congo Free State and Catholic Church in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Cause célèbre
A cause célèbre (pl. causes célèbres, pronounced like the singular) is an issue or incident arousing widespread controversy, outside campaigning, and heated public debate.
See Congo Free State and Cause célèbre
Cecil Rhodes
Cecil John Rhodes (5 July 185326 March 1902) was an English mining magnate and politician in southern Africa who served as Prime Minister of the Cape Colony from 1890 to 1896.
See Congo Free State and Cecil Rhodes
Centime
Centime (from centesimus) is French for "cent", and is used in English as the name of the fraction currency in several Francophone countries (including Switzerland, Algeria, Belgium, Morocco and France).
See Congo Free State and Centime
Central Africa
Central Africa is a subregion of the African continent comprising various countries according to different definitions.
See Congo Free State and Central Africa
Central African Republic
The Central African Republic (CAR), formerly known as Ubangi-Shari, is a landlocked country in Central Africa.
See Congo Free State and Central African Republic
Chester A. Arthur
Chester Alan Arthur (October 5, 1829 – November 18, 1886) was an American politician who served as the 21st president of the United States from 1881 to 1885.
See Congo Free State and Chester A. Arthur
Christian de Bonchamps
The Marquis Christian de Bonchamps (15 June 1860 – 9 December 1919) was a French explorer in Africa and a colonial officer in the French Empire during the late 19th- early 20th-century epoch known as the "Scramble for Africa", who played an important role in two of the more notorious incidents of the period.
See Congo Free State and Christian de Bonchamps
Civilizing mission
The civilizing mission (misión civilizadora; Missão civilizadora; Mission civilisatrice) is a political rationale for military intervention and for colonization purporting to facilitate the Westernization or Japanization of indigenous peoples, especially in the period from the 15th to the 20th centuries.
See Congo Free State and Civilizing mission
Colonial Charter on the Belgian annexation of the Congo Free State
The Colonial Charter on the Belgian annexation of the Congo Free State (Charte coloniale de 1908) was approved by the Belgian Parliament on 18 October 1908. Congo Free State and colonial Charter on the Belgian annexation of the Congo Free State are Belgian colonisation in Africa.
See Congo Free State and Colonial Charter on the Belgian annexation of the Congo Free State
Colonization of the Congo Basin
Colonization of the Congo Basin refers to the European colonization of the Congo Basin of tropical Africa.
See Congo Free State and Colonization of the Congo Basin
Colony
A colony is a territory subject to a form of foreign rule.
See Congo Free State and Colony
Commodity
In economics, a commodity is an economic good, usually a resource, that specifically has full or substantial fungibility: that is, the market treats instances of the good as equivalent or nearly so with no regard to who produced them.
See Congo Free State and Commodity
Concession (contract)
A concession or concession agreement is a grant of rights, land, property, or facility by a government, local authority, corporation, individual or other legal entity.
See Congo Free State and Concession (contract)
Congo Arab war
The Congo Arab war or Arab war was a colonial war fought between the Congo Free State and Arab-Swahili warlords associated with the Arab slave trade in the eastern regions of the Congo basin between 1892 and 1894. Congo Free State and Congo Arab war are Belgian colonisation in Africa.
See Congo Free State and Congo Arab war
Congo Basin
The Congo Basin (Bassin du Congo) is the sedimentary basin of the Congo River.
See Congo Free State and Congo Basin
Congo Free State propaganda war
There was a worldwide media propaganda campaign waged by both King Leopold II of Belgium and the critics of the Congo Free State and its atrocities. Congo Free State and Congo Free State propaganda war are Leopold II of Belgium.
See Congo Free State and Congo Free State propaganda war
Congo Reform Association
The Congo Reform Association (CRA) was a political and humanitarian activist group that sought to promote reform of the Congo Free State, a private territory in Central Africa under the absolute sovereignty of King Leopold II. Active from 1904 to 1913, the association formed in opposition to the institutionalised practices of Congo Free State's 'rubber policy', which encouraged the need to minimise expenditure and maximise profit with no political constraints – fostering a system of coercion and terror unparalleled in contemporary colonial Africa.
See Congo Free State and Congo Reform Association
Congo River
The Congo River, formerly also known as the Zaire River, is the second-longest river in Africa, shorter only than the Nile, as well as the third-largest river in the world by discharge volume, following the Amazon and Ganges rivers. It is the world's deepest recorded river, with measured depths of around.
See Congo Free State and Congo River
Congress of Berlin
The Congress of Berlin (13 June – 13 July 1878) was a diplomatic conference to reorganise the states in the Balkan Peninsula after the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878), which had been won by Russia against the Ottoman Empire.
See Congo Free State and Congress of Berlin
Connecticut
Connecticut is the southernmost state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States.
See Congo Free State and Connecticut
Constitutional monarchy
Constitutional monarchy, also known as limited monarchy, parliamentary monarchy or democratic monarchy, is a form of monarchy in which the monarch exercises their authority in accordance with a constitution and is not alone in making decisions.
See Congo Free State and Constitutional monarchy
Copper
Copper is a chemical element; it has symbol Cu and atomic number 29.
See Congo Free State and Copper
Corvée
Corvée is a form of unpaid forced labour that is intermittent in nature, lasting for limited periods of time, typically only a certain number of days' work each year.
See Congo Free State and Corvée
David Livingstone
David Livingstone (19 March 1813 – 1 May 1873) was a Scottish physician, Congregationalist, pioneer Christian missionary with the London Missionary Society, and an explorer in Africa.
See Congo Free State and David Livingstone
De facto
De facto describes practices that exist in reality, regardless of whether they are officially recognized by laws or other formal norms.
See Congo Free State and De facto
Democratic Republic of the Congo
The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), also known as the DR Congo, Congo-Kinshasa, Congo-Zaire, or simply either Congo or the Congo, is a country in Central Africa.
See Congo Free State and Democratic Republic of the Congo
Detroit
Detroit is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan.
See Congo Free State and Detroit
Diogo Cão
Diogo Cão (– 1486), also known as Diogo Cam, was a Portuguese mariner and one of the most notable explorers of the fifteenth century.
See Congo Free State and Diogo Cão
Districts of the Congo Free State
The Districts of the Congo Free State were the primary administrative divisions of the Congo Free State from 1885 to 1908.
See Congo Free State and Districts of the Congo Free State
Dugout canoe
A dugout canoe or simply dugout is a boat made from a hollowed-out tree.
See Congo Free State and Dugout canoe
Dutch language
Dutch (Nederlands.) is a West Germanic language, spoken by about 25 million people as a first language and 5 million as a second language and is the third most spoken Germanic language.
See Congo Free State and Dutch language
E. D. Morel
Edmund Dene Morel (born Georges Edmond Pierre Achille Morel Deville; 10 July 1873 – 12 November 1924) was a French-born British journalist, author, pacifist and politician.
See Congo Free State and E. D. Morel
Early day motion
In the Westminster parliamentary system, an early day motion (EDM) is a motion, expressed as a single sentence, tabled by a member of Parliament, which the Government (in charge of parliamentary business) has not yet scheduled for debate.
See Congo Free State and Early day motion
Elder Dempster Lines
Elder Dempster Lines was a UK shipping company that traded from 1932 to 2000, but had its origins in the mid-19th century.
See Congo Free State and Elder Dempster Lines
Emblem of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
The national emblem of the Democratic Republic of the Congo has changed several times since 1997.
See Congo Free State and Emblem of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Emile Vandervelde
Emile Vandervelde (25 January 1866 – 27 December 1938) was a Belgian socialist politician.
See Congo Free State and Emile Vandervelde
Europe
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.
See Congo Free State and Europe
Excess mortality
In epidemiology, the excess deaths or excess mortality is a measure of the increase in the number deaths during a time period and/or in a certain group, as compared to the expected value or statistical trend during a reference period (typically of five years) or in a reference population.
See Congo Free State and Excess mortality
Federal Government of Belgium
The Federal Government of Belgium (Federale regering, Gouvernement fédéral, Föderalregierung) exercises executive power in the Kingdom of Belgium.
See Congo Free State and Federal Government of Belgium
First Brazilian Republic
The First Brazilian Republic, also referred to as the Old Republic (República Velha), officially the Republic of the United States of Brazil, refers to the period of Brazilian history from 1889 to 1930.
See Congo Free State and First Brazilian Republic
Force Publique
The Force Publique ("Public Force"; Openbare Weermacht) was the military of the Congo Free State and the Belgian Congo from 1885 to 1960. Congo Free State and Force Publique are Leopold II of Belgium.
See Congo Free State and Force Publique
Forced labour
Forced labour, or unfree labour, is any work relation, especially in modern or early modern history, in which people are employed against their will with the threat of destitution, detention, or violence, including death or other forms of extreme hardship to either themselves or members of their families.
See Congo Free State and Forced labour
Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
The Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) is the ministry of foreign affairs and a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom.
See Congo Free State and Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office
Franc
The franc is any of various units of currency.
See Congo Free State and Franc
Francis de Winton
Major-General Sir Francis Walter de Winton (21 June 1835 – 16 December 1901) was a British Army officer, colonial administrator and courtier in the Household of the Duke of York.
See Congo Free State and Francis de Winton
Francis Dhanis
Francis Ernest Joseph Marie Dhanis (11 March 1861 – 13 November 1909) was a Belgian colonial civil servant and soldier noted for his service for the Congo Free State during the Congo Arab War and Batetela Rebellion.
See Congo Free State and Francis Dhanis
Frankfurt
Frankfurt am Main ("Frank ford on the Main") is the most populous city in the German state of Hesse.
See Congo Free State and Frankfurt
French language
French (français,, or langue française,, or by some speakers) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family.
See Congo Free State and French language
French Third Republic
The French Third Republic (Troisième République, sometimes written as La IIIe République) was the system of government adopted in France from 4 September 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War, until 10 July 1940, after the Fall of France during World War II led to the formation of the Vichy government.
See Congo Free State and French Third Republic
Genocide
Genocide is the intentional destruction of a people, either in whole or in part.
See Congo Free State and Genocide
George Washington Williams
George Washington Williams (October 16, 1849 – August 2, 1891) was a soldier in the American Civil War and in Mexico before becoming a Baptist minister, politician, lawyer, journalist, and writer on African-American history.
See Congo Free State and George Washington Williams
German Empire
The German Empire, also referred to as Imperial Germany, the Second Reich or simply Germany, was the period of the German Reich from the unification of Germany in 1871 until the November Revolution in 1918, when the German Reich changed its form of government from a monarchy to a republic.
See Congo Free State and German Empire
German South West Africa
German South West Africa (Deutsch-Südwestafrika) was a colony of the German Empire from 1884 until 1915, though Germany did not officially recognise its loss of this territory until the 1919 Treaty of Versailles. Congo Free State and German South West Africa are former colonies in Africa.
See Congo Free State and German South West Africa
Gongo Lutete
Ngongo Lutete (or Gongo Lutete or Ngongo Leteta) was a Songye leader and chieftain during the late 19th century.
See Congo Free State and Gongo Lutete
Google Books
Google Books (previously known as Google Book Search, Google Print, and by its code-name Project Ocean) is a service from Google that searches the full text of books and magazines that Google has scanned, converted to text using optical character recognition (OCR), and stored in its digital database.
See Congo Free State and Google Books
Government of the United Kingdom
The Government of the United Kingdom (formally His Majesty's Government, abbreviated to HM Government) is the central executive authority of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
See Congo Free State and Government of the United Kingdom
Governor
A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of a state's official representative.
See Congo Free State and Governor
Greenwood Publishing Group
Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. (GPG), also known as ABC-Clio/Greenwood (stylized ABC-CLIO/Greenwood), is an educational and academic publisher (middle school through university level) which is today part of ABC-Clio.
See Congo Free State and Greenwood Publishing Group
Gustave Moynier
Gustave Moynier (21 September 1826 – 21 August 1910) was a Swiss jurist who was active in many charitable organizations in Geneva.
See Congo Free State and Gustave Moynier
Harper (publisher)
Harper is an American publishing house, the flagship imprint of global publisher, HarperCollins, based in New York City.
See Congo Free State and Harper (publisher)
Harry Johnston
Sir Henry Hamilton Johnston (12 June 1858 – 31 July 1927) was a British explorer, botanist, artist, colonial administrator, and linguist who travelled widely across Africa to speak some of the languages spoken by people on that continent.
See Congo Free State and Harry Johnston
Heart of Darkness
Heart of Darkness is an 1899 novella by Polish-English novelist Joseph Conrad in which the sailor Charles Marlow tells his listeners the story of his assignment as steamer captain for a Belgian company in the African interior.
See Congo Free State and Heart of Darkness
Henry Morton Stanley
Sir Henry Morton Stanley (born John Rowlands; 28 January 1841 – 10 May 1904) was a Welsh-American explorer, journalist, soldier, colonial administrator, author and politician who was famous for his exploration of Central Africa and his search for missionary and explorer David Livingstone.
See Congo Free State and Henry Morton Stanley
Henry Shelton Sanford
Henry Shelton Sanford (June 15, 1823 – May 21, 1891) was an American diplomat and businessman from Connecticut who served as United States Minister to Belgium from 1861 to 1869.
See Congo Free State and Henry Shelton Sanford
Herbert Ward (sculptor)
Herbert Ward (11 January 1863, London – 5 August 1919, Neuilly-sur-Seine) was a British sculptor, illustrator, writer, and explorer in Africa.
See Congo Free State and Herbert Ward (sculptor)
Hevea brasiliensis
Hevea brasiliensis, the Pará rubber tree, sharinga tree, seringueira, or most commonly, rubber tree or rubber plant, is a flowering plant belonging to the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, originally native to the Amazon basin, but is now pantropical in distribution due to introductions.
See Congo Free State and Hevea brasiliensis
Hippolyte d'Ursel
Count Marie Hippolyte Adrien Ludovic d'Ursel (Brussels, 17 November 1850 – 9 December 1937) was a Belgian politician and historian.
See Congo Free State and Hippolyte d'Ursel
Hippopotamus
The hippopotamus (hippopotamuses or hippopotami; Hippopotamus amphibius), also shortened to hippo (hippos), further qualified as the common hippopotamus, Nile hippopotamus, or river hippopotamus, is a large semiaquatic mammal native to sub-Saharan Africa.
See Congo Free State and Hippopotamus
House of Commons of the United Kingdom
The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
See Congo Free State and House of Commons of the United Kingdom
Howard University Press
Howard University Press (HUP) was a publisher that was part of Howard University, founded in 1972.
See Congo Free State and Howard University Press
Human cannibalism
Human cannibalism is the act or practice of humans eating the flesh or internal organs of other human beings.
See Congo Free State and Human cannibalism
Indian Ocean slave trade
The Indian Ocean slave trade, sometimes known as the East African slave trade, was multi-directional slave trade and has changed over time.
See Congo Free State and Indian Ocean slave trade
International African Association
The International African Association (in full, "International Association for the Exploration and Civilization of Central Africa"; in French Association Internationale Africaine, and in full Association Internationale pour l'Exploration et la Civilisation de l'Afrique Centrale) was a front organization established by the guests at the Brussels Geographic Conference of 1876, an event hosted by King Leopold II of Belgium. Congo Free State and International African Association are Belgium–Democratic Republic of the Congo relations, Leopold II of Belgium and political history of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
See Congo Free State and International African Association
International Association of the Congo
The International Association of the Congo (Association internationale du Congo), also known as the International Congo Society, was an association founded on 17 November 1879 by Leopold II of Belgium to further his interests in the Congo. Congo Free State and international Association of the Congo are Belgian colonisation in Africa, Belgium–Democratic Republic of the Congo relations, former Belgian colonies, former colonies in Africa, Leopold II of Belgium and political history of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
See Congo Free State and International Association of the Congo
International Committee of the Red Cross
The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) is a humanitarian organization based in Geneva, Switzerland, and is a three-time Nobel Prize laureate.
See Congo Free State and International Committee of the Red Cross
International Law Institute
The International Law Institute, also known as the ILI, was founded as part of Georgetown University in 1955.
See Congo Free State and International Law Institute
Isidore Ndaywel è Nziem
Isidore Ndaywel è Nziem (born 7 February 1944, Ipamu), is a Congolese historian and linguist.
See Congo Free State and Isidore Ndaywel è Nziem
Ituri Province
Ituri Province (Jimbo la Ituri in Swahili) is one of the 21 provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo created in the 2015 repartitioning.
See Congo Free State and Ituri Province
Ivory
Ivory is a hard, white material from the tusks (traditionally from elephants) and teeth of animals, that consists mainly of dentine, one of the physical structures of teeth and tusks.
See Congo Free State and Ivory
Jan Vansina
Jan M. J. Vansina (14 September 1929 – 8 February 2017) was a Belgian historian and anthropologist regarded as an authority on the history of Central Africa, especially of what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, and Burundi.
See Congo Free State and Jan Vansina
John Boyd Dunlop
John Boyd Dunlop (5 February 1840 – 23 October 1921) was a Scottish inventor and veterinary surgeon who spent most of his career in Ireland.
See Congo Free State and John Boyd Dunlop
John T. Morgan
John Tyler Morgan (June 20, 1824 – June 11, 1907) was an American politician who was a brigadier general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War and later was elected for six terms as the U.S. Senator (1877–1907) from the state of Alabama.
See Congo Free State and John T. Morgan
Joseph Conrad
Joseph Conrad (born Józef Teodor Konrad Korzeniowski,; 3 December 1857 – 3 August 1924) was a Polish-British novelist and story writer.
See Congo Free State and Joseph Conrad
Journal of Belgian History
The Journal of Belgian History is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the Centre for Historical Research and Documentation on War and Contemporary Society (Cegesoma).
See Congo Free State and Journal of Belgian History
Katanga Province
Katanga was one of the four large provinces created in the Belgian Congo in 1914.
See Congo Free State and Katanga Province
Khartoum
Khartoum or Khartum (al-Khurṭūm, pronounced al.xur.tˤuːm) is the capital of Sudan.
See Congo Free State and Khartoum
King Leopold's Ghost
King Leopold's Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror and Heroism in Colonial Africa (1998) is a best-selling popular history book by Adam Hochschild that explores the exploitation of the Congo Free State by King Leopold II of Belgium between 1885 and 1908, as well as the large-scale atrocities committed during that period.
See Congo Free State and King Leopold's Ghost
King Leopold's Soliloquy
King Leopold's Soliloquy is a 1905 pamphlet by American author Mark Twain. Congo Free State and King Leopold's Soliloquy are Belgian colonisation in Africa.
See Congo Free State and King Leopold's Soliloquy
Kingdom of Italy
The Kingdom of Italy (Regno d'Italia) was a state that existed from 17 March 1861, when Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy, until 10 June 1946, when the monarchy was abolished, following civil discontent that led to an institutional referendum on 2 June 1946.
See Congo Free State and Kingdom of Italy
Kingdom of Portugal
The Kingdom of Portugal was a monarchy in the western Iberian Peninsula and the predecessor of the modern Portuguese Republic.
See Congo Free State and Kingdom of Portugal
Kodok
Kodok or Kothok (كودوك), formerly known as Fashoda, is a town in the Fashoda County of Upper Nile State, in the Greater Upper Nile region of South Sudan.
See Congo Free State and Kodok
Lado Enclave
The Lado Enclave (Enclave de Lado; Lado-Enclave) was a leased territory administered by the Congo Free State and later by the Belgian Congo that existed from 1894 until 1910, situated on the west bank of the Upper Nile in what is now South Sudan and northwest Uganda. Congo Free State and Lado Enclave are former Belgian colonies and former colonies in Africa.
See Congo Free State and Lado Enclave
Landolphia owariensis
Landolphia owariensis is a species of liana from the family Apocynaceae found in tropical Africa.
See Congo Free State and Landolphia owariensis
Languages of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
The Democratic Republic of the Congo is a multilingual country where an estimated total of 242 languages are spoken.
See Congo Free State and Languages of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Latin America
Latin America often refers to the regions in the Americas in which Romance languages are the main languages and the culture and Empires of its peoples have had significant historical, ethnic, linguistic, and cultural impact.
See Congo Free State and Latin America
Léon Fiévez
Léon Fiévez (30 April 1855 – 27 May 1939) was a Belgian official of the Congo Free State.
See Congo Free State and Léon Fiévez
Leopold II of Belgium
Leopold II (Léopold Louis Philippe Marie Victor; Leopold Lodewijk Filips Maria Victor; 9 April 1835 – 17 December 1909) was the second King of the Belgians from 1865 to 1909, and the founder and sole owner of the Congo Free State from 1885 to 1908.
See Congo Free State and Leopold II of Belgium
List of colonial governors of the Congo Free State and Belgian Congo
This is a list of European colonial administrators responsible for the territory of the Congo Free State and Belgian Congo (today the Democratic Republic of the Congo).
See Congo Free State and List of colonial governors of the Congo Free State and Belgian Congo
Liverpool
Liverpool is a cathedral, port city and metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England.
See Congo Free State and Liverpool
Lokandu
Lokandu is a community in Maniema Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, on the Lualaba River downstream from Kindu.
See Congo Free State and Lokandu
London
London is the capital and largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in.
See Congo Free State and London
London School of Economics
The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) is a public research university in London, England, and amember institution of the University of London.
See Congo Free State and London School of Economics
Louis-Napoléon Chaltin
Louis-Napoléon Chaltin (1857–1933) was a Belgian career soldier and colonial official notable for his service in the Congo Free State during the late 19th century.
See Congo Free State and Louis-Napoléon Chaltin
Lualaba River
The Lualaba River (Nzâdi Luâlâmba, Mto Lualamba) flows entirely within the eastern part of Democratic Republic of the Congo.
See Congo Free State and Lualaba River
Lusambo
Lusambo (Mji wa Lusambo) is the capital city of Sankuru province, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
See Congo Free State and Lusambo
Macmillan Publishers
Macmillan Publishers (occasionally known as the Macmillan Group; formally Macmillan Publishers Ltd in the UK and Macmillan Publishing Group, LLC in the US) is a British publishing company traditionally considered to be one of the 'Big Five' English language publishers (along with Penguin Random House, Hachette, HarperCollins and Simon & Schuster).
See Congo Free State and Macmillan Publishers
Mahdist State
The Mahdist State, also known as Mahdist Sudan or the Sudanese Mahdiyya, was a state based on a religious and political movement launched in 1881 by Muhammad Ahmad bin Abdullah (later Muhammad al-Mahdi) against the Khedivate of Egypt, which had ruled Sudan since 1821. Congo Free State and Mahdist State are states and territories established in 1885.
See Congo Free State and Mahdist State
Mahdist War
The Mahdist War (ath-Thawra al-Mahdiyya; 1881–1899) was a war between the Mahdist Sudanese, led by Muhammad Ahmad bin Abdullah, who had proclaimed himself the "Mahdi" of Islam (the "Guided One"), and the forces of the Khedivate of Egypt, initially, and later the forces of Britain.
See Congo Free State and Mahdist War
Malaria
Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects vertebrates.
See Congo Free State and Malaria
Maniema
Maniema Province (Jimbo la Maniema, in Swahili) is one of 26 provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
See Congo Free State and Maniema
Mark Twain
Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30, 1835 – April 21, 1910), known by the pen name Mark Twain, was an American writer, humorist, and essayist.
See Congo Free State and Mark Twain
Matadi–Kinshasa Railway
The Matadi–Kinshasa Railway (French: Chemin de fer Matadi-Kinshasa) is a railway line in Kongo Central province between Kinshasa, the capital of Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the port of Matadi.
See Congo Free State and Matadi–Kinshasa Railway
Missionary
A missionary is a member of a religious group who is sent into an area in order to promote its faith or provide services to people, such as education, literacy, social justice, health care, and economic development.
See Congo Free State and Missionary
Mongala River
The Mongala River (Mto Mongala) in the northern Democratic Republic of the Congo is a right tributary of the Congo River.
See Congo Free State and Mongala River
Most favoured nation
In international economic relations and international politics, most favoured nation (MFN) is a status or level of treatment accorded by one state to another in international trade.
See Congo Free State and Most favoured nation
Msiri
Msiri (c. 1830 – December 20, 1891) founded and ruled the Yeke Kingdom (also called the Garanganze or Garenganze kingdom) in south-east Katanga (now in DR Congo) from about 1856 to 1891.
See Congo Free State and Msiri
Natural rubber
Rubber, also called India rubber, latex, Amazonian rubber, caucho, or caoutchouc, as initially produced, consists of polymers of the organic compound isoprene, with minor impurities of other organic compounds.
See Congo Free State and Natural rubber
Novel
A novel is an extended work of narrative fiction usually written in prose and published as a book.
See Congo Free State and Novel
Nyangwe
Nyangwe is a town on the right bank of the Lualaba River, in the Maniema Province in the east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (territory of Kasongo).
See Congo Free State and Nyangwe
Omer Bodson
Omer Bodson (5 January 1856 – 20 December 1891) was the Belgian officer who shot and killed Msiri, King of Garanganze (Katanga) on 20 December 1891 at Bunkeya in what is now the DR Congo.
See Congo Free State and Omer Bodson
Order of the Crown (Belgium)
The Order of the Crown (Ordre de la Couronne, Kroonorde) is a national order of the Kingdom of Belgium.
See Congo Free State and Order of the Crown (Belgium)
Otto von Bismarck
Otto, Prince of Bismarck, Count of Bismarck-Schönhausen, Duke of Lauenburg (1 April 1815 – 30 July 1898; born Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck) was a Prussian statesman and diplomat who oversaw the unification of Germany.
See Congo Free State and Otto von Bismarck
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm centered in Anatolia that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.
See Congo Free State and Ottoman Empire
Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.
See Congo Free State and Oxford University Press
Parliament of the United Kingdom
The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body of the United Kingdom, and may also legislate for the Crown Dependencies and the British Overseas Territories.
See Congo Free State and Parliament of the United Kingdom
Paternalism
Paternalism is action that limits a person's or group's liberty or autonomy and is intended to promote their own good.
See Congo Free State and Paternalism
Personal union
A personal union is a combination of two or more monarchical states that have the same monarch while their boundaries, laws, and interests remain distinct.
See Congo Free State and Personal union
Plantation
Plantations are farms specializing in cash crops, usually mainly planting a single crop, with perhaps ancillary areas for vegetables for eating and so on.
See Congo Free State and Plantation
Pool Malebo
The Pool Malebo, formerly Stanley Pool, also known as Mpumbu, Lake Nkunda or Lake Nkuna by local indigenous people in pre-colonial times, is a lake-like widening in the lower reaches of the Congo River.
See Congo Free State and Pool Malebo
Postage stamp
A postage stamp is a small piece of paper issued by a post office, postal administration, or other authorized vendors to customers who pay postage (the cost involved in moving, insuring, or registering mail).
See Congo Free State and Postage stamp
Price
A price is the (usually not negative) quantity of payment or compensation expected, required, or given by one party to another in return for goods or services.
See Congo Free State and Price
Prime Minister of Belgium
The prime minister of Belgium (Eerste minister van België; Premier ministre de Belgique; Premierminister von Belgien) or the premier of Belgium is the head of the federal government of Belgium, and the most powerful person in Belgian politics.
See Congo Free State and Prime Minister of Belgium
Proclamation of the Congo Free State
The Congo Free State was a state in Africa created and headed by the former Belgian monarch, Leopold II as a personal union with Belgium. Congo Free State and Proclamation of the Congo Free State are Belgian colonisation in Africa.
See Congo Free State and Proclamation of the Congo Free State
Project Gutenberg
Project Gutenberg (PG) is a volunteer effort to digitize and archive cultural works, as well as to "encourage the creation and distribution of eBooks." It was founded in 1971 by American writer Michael S. Hart and is the oldest digital library.
See Congo Free State and Project Gutenberg
R. J. Rummel
Rudolph Joseph Rummel (October 21, 1932 – March 2, 2014) was an American political scientist, a statistician and professor at Indiana University, Yale University, and University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa.
See Congo Free State and R. J. Rummel
Rainforest
Rainforests are forests characterized by a closed and continuous tree canopy, moisture-dependent vegetation, the presence of epiphytes and lianas and the absence of wildfire.
See Congo Free State and Rainforest
Rape
Rape is a type of sexual assault involving sexual intercourse or other forms of sexual penetration carried out against a person without their consent.
Rejaf
Rejaf, also Rajāf or Rageef, is a community in Central Equatoria in South Sudan, on the west bank of the White Nile.
See Congo Free State and Rejaf
Republic of the Congo
The Republic of the Congo, also known as Congo-Brazzaville, West Congo, Congo Republic, ROC, ROTC, or simply either Congo or the Congo, is a country located on the western coast of Central Africa to the west of the Congo River.
See Congo Free State and Republic of the Congo
Resource depletion
Resource depletion is the consumption of a resource faster than it can be replenished.
See Congo Free State and Resource depletion
Roger Casement
Roger David Casement (Ruairí Dáithí Mac Easmainn; 1 September 1864 – 3 August 1916), known as Sir Roger Casement, CMG, between 1911 and 1916, was a diplomat and Irish nationalist executed by the United Kingdom for treason during World War I. He worked for the British Foreign Office as a diplomat, becoming known as a humanitarian activist, and later as a poet and Easter Rising leader.
See Congo Free State and Roger Casement
Royal Academy for Overseas Sciences
The Royal Academy for Overseas Sciences (RAOS) (Académie royale des sciences d'outre-mer (ARSOM); Koninklijke Academie voor Overzeese Wetenschappen (KAOW)) is a Belgian federal academy that contributes to the progress of scientific knowledge about overseas regions.
See Congo Free State and Royal Academy for Overseas Sciences
Royal Museum for Central Africa
The Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA) (Koninklijk Museum voor Midden-Afrika (KMMA); Musée royal de l'Afrique centrale (MRAC); Königliches Museum für Zentralafrika (KMZA)), communicating under the name AfricaMuseum since 2018, is an ethnography and natural history museum situated in Tervuren in Flemish Brabant, Belgium, just outside Brussels. Congo Free State and royal Museum for Central Africa are Belgian colonisation in Africa and Leopold II of Belgium.
See Congo Free State and Royal Museum for Central Africa
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was a vast empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its proclamation in November 1721 until its dissolution in March 1917.
See Congo Free State and Russian Empire
Sidney Langford Hinde
Sidney Langford Hinde, (23 July 1863 – 18 October 1930) was a medical doctor and colonial administrator in East Africa.
See Congo Free State and Sidney Langford Hinde
Sjambok
The sjambok or litupa is a heavy leather whip.
See Congo Free State and Sjambok
Slavery
Slavery is the ownership of a person as property, especially in regards to their labour.
See Congo Free State and Slavery
Songye people
The Songye people, sometimes written Songe, are a Bantu ethnic group from the central Democratic Republic of the Congo.
See Congo Free State and Songye people
South Africa
South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa.
See Congo Free State and South Africa
South Sudan
South Sudan, officially the Republic of South Sudan, is a landlocked country in East Africa.
See Congo Free State and South Sudan
Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia is the geographical southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Australian mainland, which is part of Oceania.
See Congo Free State and Southeast Asia
Southern United States
The Southern United States, sometimes Dixie, also referred to as the Southern States, the American South, the Southland, Dixieland, or simply the South, is a geographic and cultural region of the United States.
See Congo Free State and Southern United States
Sovereign state
A sovereign state is a state that has the highest authority over a territory.
See Congo Free State and Sovereign state
Stairs Expedition to Katanga
The Stairs Expedition to Katanga (1891−92), led by Captain William Stairs, was the winner in a race between two imperial powers, the British South Africa Company BSAC and the Congo Free State, to claim Katanga, a vast mineral-rich territory in Central Africa for colonization.
See Congo Free State and Stairs Expedition to Katanga
Stanley Falls District
Stanley Falls District (District des Stanley Falls, District Stanley Falls) was a district of the Congo Free State.
See Congo Free State and Stanley Falls District
Sultanate of Zanzibar
The Sultanate of Zanzibar (Usultani wa Zanzibar, translit), also known as the Zanzibar Sultanate, was an East African Muslim state controlled by the Sultan of Zanzibar, in place between 1856 and 1964. Congo Free State and Sultanate of Zanzibar are former monarchies of Africa.
See Congo Free State and Sultanate of Zanzibar
Swahili coast
The Swahili coast (Pwani ya Waswahili) is a coastal area of East Africa, bordered by the Indian Ocean and inhabited by the Swahili people.
See Congo Free State and Swahili coast
Swahili people
The Swahili people (WaSwahili, وَسوَحِيلِ) comprise mainly Bantu, Afro-Arab, and Comorian ethnic groups inhabiting the Swahili coast, an area encompassing the Zanzibar archipelago and mainland Tanzania's seaboard, littoral Kenya, northern Mozambique, the Comoros Islands, and northwest Madagascar.
See Congo Free State and Swahili people
Swedish soldiers in the Congo Free State
Between the years of 1885 and 1908, many Swedish soldiers would aid king Leopold II in his colonization of the Congo attracted by better pay and opportunities. Congo Free State and Swedish soldiers in the Congo Free State are Belgian colonisation in Africa.
See Congo Free State and Swedish soldiers in the Congo Free State
Tanganyika Province
Tanganyika (Jimbo la Tanganyika) is one of the 21 provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo created in the 2015 repartitioning.
See Congo Free State and Tanganyika Province
Tanzania
Tanzania, officially the United Republic of Tanzania, (formerly Swahililand) is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region.
See Congo Free State and Tanzania
Telegraphy
Telegraphy is the long-distance transmission of messages where the sender uses symbolic codes, known to the recipient, rather than a physical exchange of an object bearing the message.
See Congo Free State and Telegraphy
Tetela people
The indigenous people within the kasai basin up to Maniema understood themselves to be descendants of "AnKutshu Membele", then in the 20th century many accepted the imposed term Tetela (or Batetela in the plural).
See Congo Free State and Tetela people
Théophile Wahis
Lieutenant-General Baron Théophile Wahis (27 April 1844 – 26 January 1921) was a Belgian soldier and colonial civil servant who served as Governor-General of the Congo Free State and, subsequently, the Belgian Congo for two terms between 1891 and 1912.
See Congo Free State and Théophile Wahis
The Crime of the Congo
The Crime of the Congo is a 1909 book by British writer and physician Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, about human rights abuses in the Congo Free State, a private state established and controlled by the King of the Belgians, Leopold II.
See Congo Free State and The Crime of the Congo
The Guardian
The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.
See Congo Free State and The Guardian
Tippu Tip
Tippu Tip, or Tippu Tib (c. 1837 – June 14, 1905), real name Ḥamad ibn Muḥammad ibn Jumʿah ibn Rajab ibn Muḥammad ibn Saʿīd al Murjabī (حمد بن محمد بن جمعة بن رجب بن محمد بن سعيد المرجبي), was an Afro-Omani ivory and slave owner and trader, explorer, governor and plantation owner.
See Congo Free State and Tippu Tip
Uganda
Uganda, officially the Republic of Uganda, is a landlocked country in East Africa.
See Congo Free State and Uganda
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was a sovereign state in Northwestern Europe that was established by the union in 1801 of the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland.
See Congo Free State and United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
United States
The United States of America (USA or U.S.A.), commonly known as the United States (US or U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America.
See Congo Free State and United States
University College Dublin
University College Dublin (commonly referred to as UCD) (Coláiste na hOllscoile, Baile Átha Cliath) is a public research university in Dublin, Ireland, and a member institution of the National University of Ireland.
See Congo Free State and University College Dublin
Verney Lovett Cameron
Verney Lovett Cameron (1 July 184424 March 1894) was an English traveller in Central Africa and the first European to cross (1875) equatorial Africa from sea to sea.
See Congo Free State and Verney Lovett Cameron
Vers l'avenir
("Towards the Future"), less commonly known by its Dutch title Naar wijd en zijd, is a Belgian nationalist song which was also the national anthem of the Congo Free State.
See Congo Free State and Vers l'avenir
Vivi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Vivi is a village in the Bas-Congo province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
See Congo Free State and Vivi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Walthère Frère-Orban
Hubert Joseph Walthère Frère-Orban (24 April 1812 – 2 January 1896) was a Belgian liberal statesman.
See Congo Free State and Walthère Frère-Orban
Welsh Americans
Welsh Americans (Americanwyr Cymreig) are an American ethnic group whose ancestry originates wholly or partly in Wales, United Kingdom.
See Congo Free State and Welsh Americans
Westport, Connecticut
Westport is a town in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States, along the Long Island Sound within Connecticut's Gold Coast.
See Congo Free State and Westport, Connecticut
William Grant Stairs
William Grant Stairs (1 July 1863 – 9 June 1892) was a Canadian-British explorer, soldier, and adventurer who had a leading role in two of the most controversial expeditions in the Scramble for Africa.
See Congo Free State and William Grant Stairs
William Henry Sheppard
William Henry Sheppard (March 8, 1865 – November 25, 1927) was one of the earliest African Americans to become a missionary for the Presbyterian Church.
See Congo Free State and William Henry Sheppard
William Morrison (missionary)
William McCutchan Morrison (1867–1918) was an American Presbyterian missionary best known for his involvement with a campaign for reform in the Congo.
See Congo Free State and William Morrison (missionary)
Yeke Kingdom
The Yeke Kingdom (also called the Garanganze or Garenganze kingdom) of the Garanganze people in Katanga, DR Congo, was short-lived, existing from about 1856 to 1891 under one king, Msiri, but it became for a while the most powerful state in south-central Africa, controlling a territory of about half a million square kilometres.
See Congo Free State and Yeke Kingdom
Zanzibar
Zanzibar is an insular semi-autonomous region which united with Tanganyika in 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanzania. Congo Free State and Zanzibar are former monarchies of Africa.
See Congo Free State and Zanzibar
Zappo Zap
The Zappo Zaps were a group of Songye people from the eastern Kasaï region in what today is the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
See Congo Free State and Zappo Zap
See also
1885 establishments in the Congo Free State
- Congo Free State
- Luozi
1908 disestablishments in Africa
- Congo Free State
Belgian colonisation in Africa
- Abir Congo Company
- African Library, Brussels
- Api Elephant Domestication Center
- Battle of Rejaf
- Belgian Congo
- Colonial Charter on the Belgian annexation of the Congo Free State
- Compagnie du Katanga
- Congo Arab war
- Congo Free State
- En 50 ans
- Gangala-na-Bodio Elephant Domestication Center
- International Association of the Congo
- King Leopold's Soliloquy
- Léopold Louis Joubert
- Maximilien Strauch
- Nsala of Wala in the Nsongo District
- Pierre Offerman
- Proclamation of the Congo Free State
- Royal Museum for Central Africa
- Swedish soldiers in the Congo Free State
- Union Minière du Haut-Katanga
Belgium–Democratic Republic of the Congo relations
- 1960 Force Publique mutinies
- 2024 Democratic Republic of the Congo coup attempt
- Arrest Warrant of 11 April 2000 case
- Belgian Congo
- Belgian apologies to the Congo
- Belgium–Democratic Republic of the Congo relations
- Committee for Studies of the Upper Congo
- Compagnie du Congo pour le Commerce et l'Industrie
- Congo Free State
- International African Association
- International Association of the Congo
- Kivu frontier incident
- Operation Dragon Rouge
Blue and yellow flags
- Congo Free State
- Flag and coat of arms of Perlis
- Flag of Asturias
- Flag of County Durham
- Flag of Dalmatia
- Flag of Indiana
- Flag of Jalisco
- Flag of Kazakhstan
- Flag of Macedonia (Greece)
- Flag of Oregon
- Flag of Palau
- Flag of Surrey
- Flag of Sweden
- Flag of Ukraine
- Flag of Upper Silesia
- Flag of the Opole Voivodeship
- Flag of the Silesian Voivodeship
- Saint Alban's Cross
- Symbols of Guadalajara
- Symbols of Tlaquepaque
Former Belgian colonies
- Battle of Rejaf
- Belgian Congo
- Belgian colonial empire
- Belgian concession of Tianjin
- Committee for Studies of the Upper Congo
- Congo Free State
- International Association of the Congo
- Isola Comacina
- Lado Enclave
- Ruanda-Urundi
- Santo Tomás de Castilla
History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo by period
- Belgian Congo
- Congo Free State
- Pre-colonial history of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Years in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Zaire
Leopold II of Belgium
- Émile Banning
- Abir Congo Company
- Atrocities in the Congo Free State
- Caroline Lacroix
- Cinquantenaire
- Committee for Studies of the Upper Congo
- Congo Free State
- Congo Free State propaganda war
- Duden Park
- Equestrian Statue of Leopold II, Ostend
- Force Publique
- Gennaro Rubino
- International African Association
- International Association of the Congo
- Japanese Tower of Brussels
- Jardin botanique "Les Cèdres"
- Leopold II of Belgium
- List of statues of Leopold II of Belgium
- Marie Henriette of Austria
- Prince Leopold, Duke of Brabant
- Princess Clémentine of Belgium
- Princess Louise of Belgium
- Princess Stéphanie of Belgium
- Royal Galleries of Ostend
- Royal Greenhouses of Laeken
- Royal Museum for Central Africa
- Royal Palace of Brussels
- Royal Trust (Belgium)
- Statue of Leopold II of Belgium, Ekeren
- Villa Leopolda
Political history of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Assassination of Laurent-Désiré Kabila
- Belgian Congo
- Congo Free State
- Congolese Independence Speech
- Congolese nationalism (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
- International African Association
- International Association of the Congo
- Ituri Interim Administration
- Kingdom of Kongo
- Kingdom of Lunda
- Kuba Kingdom
- Murder in Kinshasa
- Progressive Congolese Students
- State of Katanga
- Sun City Agreement
- Zaire
States and territories disestablished in 1908
- Bali Kingdom
- Bosnia vilayet
- Congo Free State
- Eastern Rumelia
- Lepanto-Bontoc
- Principality of Bulgaria
States and territories established in 1885
- Bechuanaland Protectorate
- British Bechuanaland
- Burgdorf (district)
- Clifton County
- Congo Free State
- Espaillat Province
- Flores Department
- Hanover (region)
- Lüneburg (region)
- Mahdist State
- Ohinemuri County
- Provisional Government of Saskatchewan
- Roseberry County, Northern Territory
- Upingtonia
References
Also known as Annexation of the Congo, Belgian Congo Company, Congo Independent State, État indépendant du Congo, Free Congo State, Free State of Congo, Heads of State of the Congo Free State, Independent State of the Congo, King Leopold's Congo, List of heads of state of the Congo Free State, The Congo Free State.
, Colonization of the Congo Basin, Colony, Commodity, Concession (contract), Congo Arab war, Congo Basin, Congo Free State propaganda war, Congo Reform Association, Congo River, Congress of Berlin, Connecticut, Constitutional monarchy, Copper, Corvée, David Livingstone, De facto, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Detroit, Diogo Cão, Districts of the Congo Free State, Dugout canoe, Dutch language, E. D. Morel, Early day motion, Elder Dempster Lines, Emblem of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Emile Vandervelde, Europe, Excess mortality, Federal Government of Belgium, First Brazilian Republic, Force Publique, Forced labour, Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office, Franc, Francis de Winton, Francis Dhanis, Frankfurt, French language, French Third Republic, Genocide, George Washington Williams, German Empire, German South West Africa, Gongo Lutete, Google Books, Government of the United Kingdom, Governor, Greenwood Publishing Group, Gustave Moynier, Harper (publisher), Harry Johnston, Heart of Darkness, Henry Morton Stanley, Henry Shelton Sanford, Herbert Ward (sculptor), Hevea brasiliensis, Hippolyte d'Ursel, Hippopotamus, House of Commons of the United Kingdom, Howard University Press, Human cannibalism, Indian Ocean slave trade, International African Association, International Association of the Congo, International Committee of the Red Cross, International Law Institute, Isidore Ndaywel è Nziem, Ituri Province, Ivory, Jan Vansina, John Boyd Dunlop, John T. Morgan, Joseph Conrad, Journal of Belgian History, Katanga Province, Khartoum, King Leopold's Ghost, King Leopold's Soliloquy, Kingdom of Italy, Kingdom of Portugal, Kodok, Lado Enclave, Landolphia owariensis, Languages of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Latin America, Léon Fiévez, Leopold II of Belgium, List of colonial governors of the Congo Free State and Belgian Congo, Liverpool, Lokandu, London, London School of Economics, Louis-Napoléon Chaltin, Lualaba River, Lusambo, Macmillan Publishers, Mahdist State, Mahdist War, Malaria, Maniema, Mark Twain, Matadi–Kinshasa Railway, Missionary, Mongala River, Most favoured nation, Msiri, Natural rubber, Novel, Nyangwe, Omer Bodson, Order of the Crown (Belgium), Otto von Bismarck, Ottoman Empire, Oxford University Press, Parliament of the United Kingdom, Paternalism, Personal union, Plantation, Pool Malebo, Postage stamp, Price, Prime Minister of Belgium, Proclamation of the Congo Free State, Project Gutenberg, R. J. Rummel, Rainforest, Rape, Rejaf, Republic of the Congo, Resource depletion, Roger Casement, Royal Academy for Overseas Sciences, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Russian Empire, Sidney Langford Hinde, Sjambok, Slavery, Songye people, South Africa, South Sudan, Southeast Asia, Southern United States, Sovereign state, Stairs Expedition to Katanga, Stanley Falls District, Sultanate of Zanzibar, Swahili coast, Swahili people, Swedish soldiers in the Congo Free State, Tanganyika Province, Tanzania, Telegraphy, Tetela people, Théophile Wahis, The Crime of the Congo, The Guardian, Tippu Tip, Uganda, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United States, University College Dublin, Verney Lovett Cameron, Vers l'avenir, Vivi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Walthère Frère-Orban, Welsh Americans, Westport, Connecticut, William Grant Stairs, William Henry Sheppard, William Morrison (missionary), Yeke Kingdom, Zanzibar, Zappo Zap.